Type | Soup or stew |
---|---|
Main ingredients | Mutton, beef, veal or other meat; green vegetables; root vegetables |
Hodge-podge or hotch potch (variously capitalised and hyphenated) is a soup or stew, usually based on diced mutton or other meat, with green and root vegetables. It is familiar in different versions in Britain and North America and is particularly associated with Scotland.
The Oxford English Dictionary definition is: "A dish made of a mixture of various kinds of meat, vegetables, etc., stewed together" and "esp in Scottish = Hotchpotch – A dish containing a mixture of many ingredients; spec. a thick soup of barley, peas, and other vegetables, and sometimes meat". [1] The word derives from the Anglo-Norman and Middle French hochepot, "a dish containing a mixture of many ingredients, especially a kind of stew made with minced beef or goose and various vegetables". [1]
The dish was familiar in medieval times. In The Forme of Cury (c. 1390) a recipe is given for a hotch-potch of goose: [n 1]
Take gees and smyte hem on pecys. Cast hem in a pot; do thereto half wyne and Half water; and do thereto a gode quantite of oynonns and erbest. Set it over the fyre, and cover it fast. Make a layor of brede and blode, and lay it therewith. Do thereto powdor-fort, and serve it forth | Take geese and chop them in pieces. Put them in a pot and add half wine and half water, and add a good quantity of onions and herbs. Set it over the fire and cover it tightly. Make a mixture of bread and blood and lay it on it. Season with strong mixed spice and serve. |
In The English Huswife (1623) [3] a recipe is described thusly:
you shall take a very large vessell, pot or kettel, and filling it with water,you shall let it on the fire and first put in good thicke gobbets of well fed Beefe and being ready to boile,skimme your pot- when the Beefe is halfe boiled,you shall put in Potato roots, Turneps, and Skirrets: alsolike gobbets of the best Mutton,and the best: Porke; after they have boyled awhile, you shall put in the like gobbets of Venison red, and Fallow, if you have them. then the like gobbets, of Veale, Kidde,and Lamb; a little spaceafter these, the foreparts of a fat Pigge,and a crambd Pulley then put in Spinage, Endive, Succory, Marigold leaves & flowers, Lettice~ Violet leaves, Strawberry leaves, Buglosse and Scallions, all whole and unchoot. Then when they have boiled a while, put in a Partridge and a Chicken chopt in peeces, with Quailes, Rails; Blackbirds,Larkes,Sparrowes and other small birds all being well and tenderly boiled, season up the broth with good store of Sugar, Cloves, Mace, Cinamon, Ginger and Nutmegge mixt together in a good quantity of Verijuice and salt and so stirre up the pot well from the bottome,then dish it up upon great Chargers,or long Spanish dishes made in the fashion of our English woodden trayes, with good store of Sippets in the bottome • then cover the meate all over with Prunes, Raisins, , and blaunch’t Almonds,boiled in a thing by themselves. then cover the fruite and the whole boiled hearbes, and the hearbes with dices of Orenges and Lemmons,and lay the roots round about the sides of the dish, and strew good store of Sugar over all,and so serve it foorth. |
A 16th-century reference occurs in Arthur Golding's version of Metamorphoses : "Out she brought hir a Hotchpotch made of steeped Barlie browne And Flaxe and Coriander seede and other simples more". [1] A Dutch variant, "hutspot", known in the Netherlands since the 16th century, contains potato and cheese as well as the onions and carrots familiar elsewhere. [4] In the 17th century John Dryden refers in an essay to "Memphian hotch-potch, Leeks, and Garlike strong". [1]
In The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Easy (1780), Hannah Glasse specifies a mixture of diced beef, veal and mutton; the vegetables are turnip, celery, carrot and lettuce, and, when in season, peas. She adds some spices not used by some others: cloves and mace. [5] In her 1788 book The Lady's Complete Guide; Or Cookery in All its Branches , Mary Cole does not call for mixed meats, but gives recipes for hodge podges based on either beef, mutton, veal, hare or turtle, with onions and a variety of other vegetables such as a turnips, carrots, leeks and celery. [6] In the 19th century Mrs Beeton similarly gave recipes for hodge podges of a single meat – either beef or mutton. [7]
A 19th century American recipe for hotch potch specifies lean mutton boiled with carrots and turnips, seasoned with salt and pepper. Puréed peas, celery and onion slices are added and the dish is gently simmered before serving. [8] In her 1826 book The Cook and Housewife's Manual, Margaret Dods classes hotch-potch as a "Scotch National Dish", and gives recipes for summer and winter versions of the stew. [9] The former is made with lamb and young vegetables including peas; the latter with beef or mutton and root vegetables. [10]
A recipe from the 1924 volume of American Cookery calls for "at least four different kinds" of meat, such as lamb, beef, smoked ham, chicken or other combination, simmered with lettuce, chives, celery and butter. Succotash is added to the pot just before the soup finishes cooking. The soup is garnished with fresh parsley and paprika. [11] In 1925 Henry Smith's The Master Book of Soups noted that hotch potch retained a particular association with Scottish cooking. His version, a soup rather than a stew, is based on lamb stock with peas, beans, turnips, carrots, spring onions, cauliflower and lettuce. [12] A Yorkshire version, more a stew than a soup, calls for mutton or lamb cooked in water, added to a braised mixture of onions, carrots, turnips and celery and simmered before serving. [13]
Paul Newman specifies chicken in his 1985 Newman's Own Cookbook. His recipe differs from others in including potatoes and green peppers. [14] In the Canadian Maritime provinces, hodge podge is a soup based on cream or butter with fresh vegetables. Although it can also be flavoured with meat stock or bacon, [15] in its simplest form it is essentially a vegetarian chowder. [16]
Scotch broth is a soup originating in Scotland. The principal ingredients are usually barley, stewing or braising cuts of lamb, mutton or beef, root vegetables, and dried pulses. Cabbage and leeks are often added shortly before serving to preserve their texture, colour and flavours. The proportions and ingredients vary according to the recipe or availability. Scotch broth has been sold ready-prepared in tins for many years.
Lancashire hotpot is a stew originating in Lancashire in the North West of England. It consists of lamb or mutton and onion, topped with sliced potatoes and slowly baked in a pot at a low heat.
Goulash is a soup or stew of meat and vegetables seasoned with paprika and other spices. Originating in Hungary, goulash is a common meal predominantly eaten in Central Europe but also in other parts of Europe. It is one of the national dishes of Hungary and a symbol of the country.
Gulyásleves, is a Hungarian soup, made of beef, vegetables, ground paprika and other spices. It originates from a dish cooked by the cattlemen, who tended their herds in the Great Hungarian Plain. These Hungarian cowboys often camped out with their cattle days away from populated areas, so they had to make their food from ingredients they could carry with themselves, and this food had to be cooked in the one available portable cauldron over an open fire.
Irish stew or Stobhach is a stew from Ireland that is traditionally made with root vegetables and lamb or mutton, but also commonly with beef. As in all traditional folk dishes, the exact recipe is not consistent from time to time or place to place. Basic ingredients include lamb, or mutton, as well as potatoes, onions, and parsley. It may sometimes also include carrots. Irish stew is also made with kid. Irish stew is considered a national dish of Ireland.
Irish stew is a celebrated Irish dish, yet its composition is a matter of dispute. Purists maintain that the only acceptable and traditional ingredients are neck mutton chops or kid, potatoes, onions, and water. Others would add such items as carrots, turnips, and pearl barley; but the purists maintain that they spoil the true flavour of the dish. The ingredients are boiled and simmered slowly for up to two hours. Salt can be added before or after the cooking. Mutton was the dominant ingredient because the economic importance of sheep lay in their wool and milk produce, and this ensured that only old or economically non-viable animals ended up in the cooking pot, where they needed hours of slow cooking. Irish stew is the product of a culinary tradition that relied almost exclusively on cooking over an open fire. It seems that Irish stew was recognised as early as about 1800.
Hutspot (Dutch), hochepot (French), or hotchpotch (English), is a dish of boiled and mashed potatoes, carrots, and onions with a long history in traditional Dutch cuisine. Hutspot is also found in the Indonesian cuisine due to their colonial ties.
Hodgepodge or hotchpotch describes a confused or disorderly mass or collection of things; a "mess" or a "jumble".
The cuisine of Senegal is a West African cuisine that derives from the nation's many ethnic groups, the largest being the Wolof and is French influenced. Islam, which first embraced the region in the 11th century, also plays a role in the cuisine. Senegal was a colony of France until 1960. From the time of its colonization, emigrants have brought Senegalese cuisine to many other regions.
Afghan cuisine is influenced by Persian, Central Asian, and South Asian cuisines due to Afghanistan's close proximity and cultural ties. The cuisine is halal and mainly based on mutton, beef, poultry and fish with rice and Afghan bread. Accompanying these are common vegetables and dairy products, such as milk, yogurt, whey, and fresh and dried fruits such as apples, apricots, grapes, bananas, oranges, plums, pomegranates, sweet melons, and raisins. The diet of most Afghans revolves around rice-based dishes, while various forms of naan are consumed with most meals. Tea is generally consumed daily in large quantities, and is a major part of hospitality. The culinary specialties reflect the nation's ethnic and geographic diversity. The national dish of Afghanistan is Kabuli palaw, a rice dish cooked with raisins, carrots, nuts, and lamb or beef.
Tunisian cuisine, the cuisine of Tunisia, consists of the cooking traditions, ingredients, recipes and techniques developed in Tunisia since antiquity. It is mainly a blend of Mediterranean and native Punic-Berber cuisine. Historically, Tunisian cuisine witnessed influence and exchanges with many cultures and nations like Italians, Andalusians, French and Arabs.
A potée is a French culinary term which, in general, refers to any preparation cooked in an earthenware pot. More specifically, it refers to a soup or stew made of pork and vegetables, most frequently, cabbage and potatoes of which choucroute is the most characteristic.
Puchero is a type of stew originally from Spain, prepared in Yucatán, Mexico, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Perú, south of Brazil, the Philippines, and Spain, specifically the autonomous communities of Andalusia and the Canary Islands. The Spanish word "puchero" originally meant an earthenware pot, before being extended to mean any vessel, and then the dish cooked in it.
Chakhchoukha or chekhechoukha is a traditional Algerian dish made from torn or rolled pieces of cooked semolina dough that are served in a flavorful tomato-based sauce. The dish consists of small pieces of rougag mixed with marqa, a tomato stew. The dish is typically made by boiling the semolina dough in salted water until it is cooked and then rolling it into small balls or tearing it into bite-sized pieces.
A stew is a combination of solid food ingredients that have been cooked in liquid and served in the resultant gravy. Ingredients can include any combination of vegetables and may include meat, especially tougher meats suitable for slow-cooking, such as beef, pork, venison, rabbit, lamb, poultry, sausages, and seafood. While water can be used as the stew-cooking liquid, stock is also common. A small amount of red wine or other alcohol is sometimes added for flavour. Seasonings and flavourings may also be added. Stews are typically cooked at a relatively low temperature, allowing flavours to mingle.
The hochepot is a stew eaten in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France, and in Flanders and Hainaut in Belgium. Its origins go back to the Middle Ages and its first known recipes are in the Manuscript of Sion, the oldest treatise of cooking written in French around the 13th century. Although almost the same word is used in both Dutch and French, it has nothing to do with Dutch hutspot which is a dish made from mashed potato.
China chilo is a dish of stewed mutton from 19th-century English cuisine. Stewed with onions, peas and lettuce, the mutton is served in a dish surrounded by a border of rice. Scholars believe the term China in the name alludes to this oriental ingredient, but the meaning of the term chilo remains a mystery. The dish is said to be based on a Chinese dish that 19th-century sailors described upon their return from the China Seas. Food historians speculate whether creative Victorian cooks substituted lettuce for bok choy and peas for bean sprouts.
Aush jushpare is a type of aush, commonly cooked in Khorasan, Gonabad, Ferdous and Sabzevar in Iran. It is similar to the Chinese jiaozi. Historian Bayhaqi (-1077) mentioned about Aush Jushpare in his book "Tarikh-i Bayhaqi". Aush Jushpare is one of the oldest Aush, but since it takes a lot of time for preparation, it is not commonly eaten now. It is rather a dish of hospitality, which people eat on the occasion of special gatherings or festivals. Traditional guest house restaurant serves Aush Jushpare as local specialty. Aush Jushpare was registered as intangible heritage of Iran on 5 January 2021.
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