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See also:
U+9019, 這
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9019

[U+9018]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+901A]

Translingual

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Stroke order
11 strokes
Stroke order

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 162, +7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 卜卜一口 (YYMR), four-corner 30306, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1258, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38889
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1743, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3844, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+9019

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ŋrans) : semantic (walk) + phonetic (OC *ŋan).

The character was originally a verb meaning “to meet”, whose modern pronunciation is yàn. It was later borrowed for the proximal demonstrative “this/here”, by a confusion in medieval handwriting with (zhē, “this”).

Etymology 1

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trad.
simp.
alternative forms
archaic
archaic
archaic
archaic
J (zhèi) slang
archaic
archaic
archaic
archaic
J (zhèi) slang
(liá; yá) Hakka
(liá; yá) Hakka
(chit) Hokkien
(chit) Hokkien
 

First attested in the Tang dynasty; etymology unclear. Proposed etymologies:

  • From (OC *tjaːʔ, “one which”) (Lü, 1985). Wang (1990) notes that always occurs after what is referred to, where as always before.
    (OC *tjaːʔ, “one which”) > (MC tsyaeX, “this (possessive case)”) > (MC tsyaeX, “this (general demonstrative)”) > Mandarin (zhè).
  • From (OC *tjɯ, “this; it”) (Wang, 1990). Norman (1988) notes that this derivation would be phonologically problematic.

Pronunciation

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Note: zhèi - colloquial contraction of (zhèyī), used when it is followed by classifier or numeral + classifier.
Note: ze3 - uncommon.
Note:
  • ché, zê3 - literary;
  • liá/yá, gê3/ê3 - may be etymologically unrelated to the Mandarin readings.
Note: zei3 - determiner (contraction of (zeh4 ieh4)).
Note: literary.
Note:
  • ché/chí/che - pronoun (chí usually written as ), may be etymologically unrelated to the Mandarin readings;
  • chit - determiner (contraction of ), may be etymologically unrelated to the Mandarin readings;
  • che/chiá - literary.

Definitions

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  1. this; these
      ―  Kàn zhè běn shū.  ―  Read this book.
    故事 [MSC, trad.]
    故事 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè shì yī ge lǎo gùshì. [Pinyin]
    This is an old story.
  2. Synonym of 這樣这样 (like this; such)
    不行不行  ―  Zhè kě bùxíng!  ―  This is not okay!
  3. at this moment; right away; at once
      ―  zhè jiù qù.  ―  I'll go now.
  4. here
  5. Used before words for insults to add emphasis.
    這個傻逼这个傻逼  ―  zhège shǎbī  ―  you fucking idiot
  6. filler particle usually used when the speaker is tongue-tied.
  7. meaningless particle in a sentence.
Synonyms
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Antonyms
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  • (, “that, those”)

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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trad.
simp.

Original meaning of this character. It is part of the (OC *ŋaŋ, *ŋraŋs, “to face, to meet”) word family; see there for more.

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (31)
Final () (79)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter ngjenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ŋˠiᴇnH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ŋᵚiɛnH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ŋiænH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ŋianH/
Li
Rong
/ŋjɛnH/
Wang
Li
/ŋĭɛnH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ŋi̯ɛnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jin6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 14270
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ŋrans/
Notes

Definitions

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  1. (obsolete) to welcome; to greet; to receive

Etymology 3

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trad.
simp.

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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  1. (Xiamen and Taiwanese Hokkien) Alternative form of (chiah, this; so; such)

Japanese

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Kanji

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(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. crawl, creep, grovel
  2. this

Readings

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From Middle Chinese (MC ngjenH, “to receive”):

From Mandarin (zhè, this):

Compounds

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Korean

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Chinese; compare Mandarin (zhè).

Pronunciation

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  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕɘ(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

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(eumhun (i jeo))

  1. hanja form? of (this; that) [affix]
Usage notes
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  • The original meaning is "this". In certain words, it has been conflated with native Korean (jeo, that).
Compounds
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Etymology 2

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From Middle Chinese (MC ngjenH).

Pronunciation

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  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɘ(ː)n]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

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(eumhun 맞을 (majeul eon))

  1. hanja form? of (to greet) [only in Chinese]
Usage notes
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  • Used only in the reading of Classical Chinese; no Korean word appears to use this hanja.

Middle Korean

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Glyph origin

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Simplified from (edge), used as hungaja for similarly pronounced ᄀᆞᆺ〯 (kǒs, edge).

Noun

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(kàs) (hangul )

  1. idu form? of (kind, variety)

Usage notes

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  • Probably only found as reduplicated 這這, idu spelling of the adverb 갓갓 (kàs-kàs, of each kind).

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: giá, gió

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.