大怒

Chinese

		big; great; huge big; great; huge; large; major; wide; deep; oldest; eldest; doctor	indignant
trad. (大怒)		大	怒
simp. ^#(大怒)		大	怒

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dànù

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄚˋ ㄋㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): daai⁶ nou⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dànù
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˋ ㄋㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dànù
  - Wade–Giles: ta⁴-nu⁴
  - Yale: dà-nù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dahnuh
  - Palladius: дану (danu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ nu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: daai⁶ nou⁶
  - Yale: daaih nouh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: daai⁶ nou⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: dai⁶ nou⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /taːi̯²² nou̯²²/

Middle Chinese: dajH|daH nuX|nuH

Rime
Character	大	大	怒	怒
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	定 (7)	泥 (8)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	泰 (25)	歌 (94)	模 (23)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	I	I
Fanqie	徒蓋切	唐佐切	奴古切	乃故切
Baxter	dajH	daH	nuX	nuH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑi^H/	/dɑ^H/	/nuo^X/	/nuo^H/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑi^H/	/dɑ^H/	/nuo^X/	/nuo^H/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑi^H/	/dɑ^H/	/no^X/	/no^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/daj^H/	/da^H/	/nɔ^X/	/nɔ^H/
Li Rong	/dɑi^H/	/dɑ^H/	/no^X/	/no^H/
Wang Li	/dɑi^H/	/dɑ^H/	/nu^X/	/nu^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/dʱɑi^H/	/dʱɑ^H/	/nuo^X/	/nuo^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dài	duò	nǔ	nù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	daai⁶	do⁶	nou⁵	nou⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤat-s|lˤa[t]-s C.nˤaʔ|C.nˤaʔ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*daːds naːʔ|naːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	大	大	怒	怒
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dà	dà	nù	nù
Middle Chinese	‹ da^H ›	‹ daj^H ›	‹ nu^X ›	‹ nu^H ›
Old Chinese	/*lˁat-s/ (MC F!)	/*lˁa[t]-s/	/*C.nˁaʔ/	/*C.nˁaʔ-s/
English	big	big	angry	anger, angry; vigorous
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	大	大	怒	怒
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/2	2/2
No.	1934	1939	9608	9610
Phonetic component	大	大	女	女
Rime group	祭	祭	魚	魚
Rime subdivision	1	1	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	䭾	大	怒	笯
Old Chinese	/*daːds/	/*daːds/	/*naːʔ/	/*naːs/

Verb

大怒

to burst into anger; to be indignant
- 項羽大怒，曰：「旦日饗士卒，為擊破沛公軍！」 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
  项羽大怒，曰：「旦日飨士卒，为击破沛公军！」 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
  From: Records of the Grand Historian, Volume 7 (7th Annals): Annals of Xiang Yu by Sima Qian, 206 BCE – 9 CE
  Xiàng Yǔ dànù, yuē: “Dànrì xiǎng shìzú, wèi jīpò Pèi gōng jūn!” [Pinyin]
  Xiang Yu broke out in a rage, and said: "Tomorrow, prepare drink and food and reward my soldiers with them well. Defeat the Duke of Pei's army for me!"

Synonyms

edit

上火 (shànghuǒ) (dialectal Mandarin)
使性地 (sái-sìng-tē) (Hokkien)
使性子 (shǐ xìngzi)
使氣 / 使气 (shǐqì)
使癖 (Hokkien)
使頸 / 使颈 (sai² geng²) (Cantonese)
冒煙 / 冒烟 (màoyān) (colloquial)
動怒 / 动怒 (dòngnù)
受氣 / 受气 (siū-khì) (Hokkien)
嗔怒 (chēnnù)
奭 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
威怒 (wēinù) (literary)
尥蹶子 (liàojuězi)
𡳞火 (Hokkien, vulgar)
弄性子 (nòng xìngzi) (colloquial)
忿懥 (fènzhì) (literary)
怒 (nù) (literary, or in compounds)
急 (jí)
急眼 (jíyǎn) (colloquial)
惱怒 / 恼怒 (nǎonù)
惹氣 / 惹气 (rěqì)
惱火 / 恼火 (nǎohuǒ)
戳火 (cuah⁴ hue²) (Jin)
掛氣 / 挂气 (guàqì) (dialectal)
暴怒 (bàonù) (to explode in anger)
有氣 / 有气 (yǒuqì)
氣 / 气
氣惱 / 气恼 (qìnǎo)
火大 (huǒdà)
火癀 (Hokkien)
燒色 / 烧色 (chiáu-să̤) (Northern Min)
爆氣 / 爆气
犯脾氣 / 犯脾气 (fàn píqi) (colloquial)
狂怒 (kuángnù) (to explode in anger)
生氣 / 生气 (shēngqì)
癀發 / 癀发 (Hokkien)
發呴 / 发呴 (⁷faq ¹heu) (Wu)
發性地 / 发性地 (Hokkien)
發火 / 发火 (fāhuǒ)
發癀 / 发癀 (Xiamen Hokkien)
發老脾 / 发老脾 (faat³ lou⁵ pei^4-2) (Cantonese)
發脾四 / 发脾四 (faat³ pei⁴ sei³) (Cantonese)
發脾氣 / 发脾气 (fā píqi)
發臉 / 发脸 (Hokkien)
發輦 / 发辇 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
發飆 / 发飙 (fābiāo) (colloquial)
盛怒 (shèngnù)
瞋恚 (chēnhuì) (Classical Chinese)
耍態度 / 耍态度 (shuǎ tàidù) (colloquial)
耍脾氣 / 耍脾气 (shuǎ píqi)
苦氣 / 苦气 (Hokkien)
見氣 / 见气 (Yangzhou Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Huizhou, Pingxiang Gan, Wu, Pingxiang Gan, Xiang, Pingxiang Gan)
起性 (Hokkien)
起性地 (Hokkien)
起火
起花光 (kī-huă-guŏng) (Eastern Min)
震怒 (zhènnù)
鬧脾氣 / 闹脾气 (nào píqi)

Derived terms

勃然大怒 (bórándànù)
咆哮大怒 (páoxiāo dànù)

References

“項羽本紀 [Annals of Xiang Yu]”, in Chinese Text Project‎^[1] (in Chinese) (wiki), 2013 May 13, retrieved January 7, 2024
“項羽本紀 [Annals of Xiang Yu]”, in Baidu Baike [Baidu Encyclopedia] (in Chinese) (wiki), 2022 October 2, retrieved January 7, 2024