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# {{lb|zh|Taishanese|colloquial}} {{zh-alt-form|*哪|[[which]]; [[where]]}}
# {{lb|zh|Taishanese|colloquial}} {{zh-alt-form|*哪|[[which]]; [[where]]}}


===Etymology 3===

====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
|m=ǎi
|dial=n
|cat=n
}}

====Definitions====
{{zh-hanzi}}

# used in 欸乃.


===Compounds===
===Compounds===

Revision as of 04:48, 14 November 2022

See also: , , , , , and
U+4E43, 乃
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E43

[U+4E42]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+4E44]

Translingual

Stroke order (Mainland China)
2 strokes
Stroke order
Traditional Chinese and Japanese

Han character

(Kangxi radical 4, 丿+1, 2 strokes, cangjie input 弓竹尸 (NHS), four-corner 17227, composition 丿)

Derived characters

Descendants

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 81, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 113
  • Dae Jaweon: page 165, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 31, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+4E43

Chinese

simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Shizhoupian script Ancient script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts



References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

From ancient 𠄎.

Etymology 1

“you; your”
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *na-ŋ (you).
"then; now"
Related to Tibetan (na, postposition following temporal causes) (Coblin, 1986).

Pronunciation

Lua error in Module:wuu-pron at line 195: Incorrect tone notation "3" for sh. See WT:AZH/Wu.

Definitions

(deprecated template usage)

  1. (literary) you, your
  2. (literary) be
    失敗成功之母失败成功之母  ―  shībài nǎi chénggōng zhī mǔ  ―  failure is the mother of success
  3. (literary) then; hence
    Template:zh-syn
  4. (literary) only then; not ... until
    Template:zh-syn
  5. (literary) but
  6. (literary) surprisingly; unexpectedly
    Template:zh-syn
  7. (Mainland China, Internet slang, cute-sounding) you (singular)
      ―  nǎiméng  ―  (cute-sounding variant of 你們) you (plural)
  8. (Shanghainese) now
    從前 [Shanghainese, trad.]
    从前 [Shanghainese, simp.]
    From: 2007, Qian Nairong, 上海话大词典, page 14
    3zon-xxi 3hhi 5veq-koe 2thiau-gu-qi 3ne 3hhi 5veq-pho 5leq [Wugniu]
    A long time ago he was scared to jump over, but now he isn't.
This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them!

Synonyms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation


Definitions

(deprecated template usage)

  1. (Taishanese, colloquial) (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of (“which; where”).


Etymology 3

Pronunciation


Definitions

(deprecated template usage)

  1. used in 欸乃.

Compounds

Lua error in Module:zh/templates at line 27: This template has been deprecated. Please use Template:col3 instead.


Japanese

Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. from
  2. possessive particle
  3. whereupon
  4. accordingly
  5. you

Readings

Alternative reading as in 欸乃, compare Mandarin ǎoǎi, Cantonese oi1 oi2:

See also


Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 이에 (ie nae))

  1. then
  2. really, indeed
  3. as it turned out, after all
  4. namely

References


Old Korean

Alternative forms

Verb

(*nwoy-)

  1. to speak; to say
    • c. 1250, Interpretive gugyeol glosses to the Golden Light Sutra:
      [言]善男子五種法
      PWUTHYE-n nwoy-si-l SYEN.NAM.CO-ya WO.CYONG.PEP-ur UY[?]-a
      As for the Buddha, his [honored] sayings: "O good men! Rely on the Five Laws, and..."
      (N.B. Gugyeol glyphs are given in non-abbreviated forms. Bracketed terms were ignored when read.)

Descendants

  • Korean: 뇌다 (noeda, to say repeatedly)
  • Korean: 되뇌다 (doenoeda, to repeat the same thing)
  • Korean: 뇌까리다 (noekkarida, to say whatever comes to mind)

Further reading

  • 남풍현 (Nam Pung-hyeon) (2018) “<願往生歌>의 새로운 解讀 [A new reading of the Wonwangsaeng-ga]”, in Gugyeol Yeon'gu, volume 41, pages 5-27
  • 황선엽 (Hwang Seon-yeop) (2009) 釋讀口訣辭典 [Dictionary of interpretive gugyeol], Taehaksa, →ISBN
  • 이병기 (Yi Byeong-gi) (2014) “구결자료의 어휘 [Vocabulary in the gugyeol sources]”, in Gugyeol Yeon'gu, volume 33, pages 23–61

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Việt readings: nãi[1][2][3][4][5][6], ái[2]
: Nôm readings: náy[4][6], nãy[4], nảy[4][6][6], nải[1][7][6], nấy[4][6][6], nới[4][6]

  1. (dated or literary) Template:chu han form of
  2. (dated or literary) Template:chu han form of

References