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Solar eclipse of September 1, 2016

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Solar eclipse of September 1, 2016
From L'Étang-Salé, Réunion
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureAnnular
Gamma−0.333
Magnitude0.9736
Maximum eclipse
Duration186 s (3 min 6 s)
Coordinates10°42′S 37°48′E / 10.7°S 37.8°E / -10.7; 37.8
Max. width of band100 km (62 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse9:08:02
References
Saros135 (39 of 71)
Catalog # (SE5000)9544

An annular solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Thursday, September 1, 2016,[1][2][3][4] with a magnitude of 0.9736. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 5.4 days before apogee (on September 6, 2016, at 19:45 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.[5]

Annularity was visible from parts of Gabon, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, Mozambique, Madagascar, and Réunion. A partial eclipse was visible for most of Africa and parts of Antarctica.

Visibility

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Animated Path

Images

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Eclipse details

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Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[6]

September 1, 2016 Solar Eclipse Times
Event Time (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact 2016 September 01 at 06:14:16.4 UTC
First Umbral External Contact 2016 September 01 at 07:18:57.7 UTC
First Central Line 2016 September 01 at 07:20:21.3 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact 2016 September 01 at 07:21:45.1 UTC
First Penumbral Internal Contact 2016 September 01 at 08:34:59.5 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction 2016 September 01 at 09:04:14.2 UTC
Greatest Duration 2016 September 01 at 09:06:18.1 UTC
Greatest Eclipse 2016 September 01 at 09:08:02.0 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction 2016 September 01 at 09:19:12.7 UTC
Last Penumbral Internal Contact 2016 September 01 at 09:40:44.7 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact 2016 September 01 at 10:54:08.6 UTC
Last Central Line 2016 September 01 at 10:55:35.3 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact 2016 September 01 at 10:57:01.8 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact 2016 September 01 at 12:01:48.6 UTC
September 1, 2016 Solar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Eclipse Magnitude 0.97362
Eclipse Obscuration 0.94794
Gamma −0.33301
Sun Right Ascension 10h43m43.3s
Sun Declination +08°03'38.0"
Sun Semi-Diameter 15'51.0"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.7"
Moon Right Ascension 10h43m22.2s
Moon Declination +07°45'51.0"
Moon Semi-Diameter 15'12.4"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 0°55'48.6"
ΔT 68.3 s

Eclipse season

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This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight. The first and last eclipse in this sequence is separated by one synodic month.

Eclipse season of August–September 2016
August 18
Descending node (full moon)
September 1
Ascending node (new moon)
September 16
Descending node (full moon)
Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 109
Annular solar eclipse
Solar Saros 135
Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 147
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Eclipses in 2016

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Metonic

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Tzolkinex

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Half-Saros

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Tritos

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Solar Saros 135

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Inex

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Triad

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Solar eclipses of 2015–2018

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This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[7]

The partial solar eclipse on July 13, 2018 occurs in the next lunar year eclipse set.

Solar eclipse series sets from 2015 to 2018
Descending node   Ascending node
Saros Map Gamma Saros Map Gamma
120

Totality in Longyearbyen, Svalbard
March 20, 2015

Total
0.94536 125

Solar Dynamics Observatory

September 13, 2015

Partial
−1.10039
130

Balikpapan, Indonesia
March 9, 2016

Total
0.26092 135

Annularity in L'Étang-Salé, Réunion
September 1, 2016

Annular
−0.33301
140

Partial from Buenos Aires, Argentina
February 26, 2017

Annular
−0.45780 145

Totality in Madras, OR, USA
August 21, 2017

Total
0.43671
150

Partial in Olivos, Buenos Aires, Argentina
February 15, 2018

Partial
−1.21163 155

Partial in Huittinen, Finland
August 11, 2018

Partial
1.14758

Saros 135

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This eclipse is a part of Saros series 135, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 71 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on July 5, 1331. It contains annular eclipses from October 21, 1511 through February 24, 2305; hybrid eclipses on March 8, 2323 and March 18, 2341; and total eclipses from March 29, 2359 through May 22, 2449. The series ends at member 71 as a partial eclipse on August 17, 2593. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of annularity was produced by member 16 at 10 minutes, 41 seconds on December 24, 1601, and the longest duration of totality will be produced by member 62 at 2 minutes, 27 seconds on May 12, 2431. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit.[8]

Series members 28–49 occur between 1801 and 2200:
28 29 30

May 5, 1818

May 15, 1836

May 26, 1854
31 32 33

June 6, 1872

June 17, 1890

June 28, 1908
34 35 36

July 9, 1926

July 20, 1944

July 31, 1962
37 38 39

August 10, 1980

August 22, 1998

September 1, 2016
40 42 42

September 12, 2034

September 22, 2052

October 4, 2070
43 44 45

October 14, 2088

October 26, 2106

November 6, 2124
46 47 48

November 17, 2142

November 27, 2160

December 9, 2178
49

December 19, 2196

Metonic series

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The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's ascending node.

21 eclipse events between June 21, 1982 and June 21, 2058
June 21 April 8–9 January 26 November 13–14 September 1–2
117 119 121 123 125

June 21, 1982

April 9, 1986

January 26, 1990

November 13, 1993

September 2, 1997
127 129 131 133 135

June 21, 2001

April 8, 2005

January 26, 2009

November 13, 2012

September 1, 2016
137 139 141 143 145

June 21, 2020

April 8, 2024

January 26, 2028

November 14, 2031

September 2, 2035
147 149 151 153 155

June 21, 2039

April 9, 2043

January 26, 2047

November 14, 2050

September 2, 2054
157

June 21, 2058

Tritos series

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This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

April 14, 1809
(Saros 116)

March 14, 1820
(Saros 117)

February 12, 1831
(Saros 118)

January 11, 1842
(Saros 119)

December 11, 1852
(Saros 120)

November 11, 1863
(Saros 121)

October 10, 1874
(Saros 122)

September 8, 1885
(Saros 123)

August 9, 1896
(Saros 124)

July 10, 1907
(Saros 125)

June 8, 1918
(Saros 126)

May 9, 1929
(Saros 127)

April 7, 1940
(Saros 128)

March 7, 1951
(Saros 129)

February 5, 1962
(Saros 130)

January 4, 1973
(Saros 131)

December 4, 1983
(Saros 132)

November 3, 1994
(Saros 133)

October 3, 2005
(Saros 134)

September 1, 2016
(Saros 135)

August 2, 2027
(Saros 136)

July 2, 2038
(Saros 137)

May 31, 2049
(Saros 138)

April 30, 2060
(Saros 139)

March 31, 2071
(Saros 140)

February 27, 2082
(Saros 141)

January 27, 2093
(Saros 142)

December 29, 2103
(Saros 143)

November 27, 2114
(Saros 144)

October 26, 2125
(Saros 145)

September 26, 2136
(Saros 146)

August 26, 2147
(Saros 147)

July 25, 2158
(Saros 148)

June 25, 2169
(Saros 149)

May 24, 2180
(Saros 150)

April 23, 2191
(Saros 151)

Inex series

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This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

January 21, 1814
(Saros 128)

December 31, 1842
(Saros 129)

December 12, 1871
(Saros 130)

November 22, 1900
(Saros 131)

November 1, 1929
(Saros 132)

October 12, 1958
(Saros 133)

September 23, 1987
(Saros 134)

September 1, 2016
(Saros 135)

August 12, 2045
(Saros 136)

July 24, 2074
(Saros 137)

July 4, 2103
(Saros 138)

June 13, 2132
(Saros 139)

May 25, 2161
(Saros 140)

May 4, 2190
(Saros 141)

Notes

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  1. ^ "September 1, 2016 Annular Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
  2. ^ Wall, Mike (August 31, 2016). "See a 'Ring of Fire' Annular Solar Eclipse Thursday Via Slooh Webcast". Space.com.
  3. ^ "'Ring of fire' eclipse for African stargazers". phys.org.
  4. ^ Bowerman, Mary. "Stunning images of 'Ring of Fire' eclipse over Africa". USA TODAY.
  5. ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
  6. ^ "Annular Solar Eclipse of 2016 Sep 01". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
  7. ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  8. ^ "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 135". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.

References

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