Sustainability

19 pages, 282 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Local Food Production Based on Culinary Heritage—A Way to Local Sustainability

by Luiza Ossowska, Dorota Janiszewska, Grzegorz Kwiatkowski and Ove Oklevik

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11310; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411310 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 423

This research assess the role of traditional food producers’ activities in fostering local sustainability in Poland. The study was carried out at the turn of 2021 and 2022, involving a sample of 70 traditional food producers. It utilized semi-structured interviews, which included two [...] Read more.

This research assess the role of traditional food producers’ activities in fostering local sustainability in Poland. The study was carried out at the turn of 2021 and 2022, involving a sample of 70 traditional food producers. It utilized semi-structured interviews, which included two categories of questions: the characteristics of traditional food producers and the significance of their operational goals. Given the unique nature of traditional food in Poland, producers can be categorized into three groups, based on their connection to tradition: local, regional, and national. Differences among these groups were analyzed using a series of t-tests. The findings indicate that in the hierarchy of goals for traditional food producers, socio-cultural objectives take precedence, followed by business goals, while goals related to food safety, quality, and environmental responsibility rank as the least important, with significant differences noted. Producers associated with local traditions, predominantly consisting of family businesses, show the least interest in achieving food safety, quality, and environmental responsibility objectives. While traditional food producers in Poland are adopting pro-ecological practices, these are primarily driven by business considerations and market demands. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trends and Perspectives in the Approach to Sustainable Food Design and Production)

26 pages, 9214 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Evaluation of Agricultural Measures to Safeguard the Vulnerable Karst Groundwater Habitat of the Black Olm (Proteus anguinus parkelj) from Nitrate Pollution

by Matjaž Glavan and Rozalija Cvejić

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11309; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411309 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 260

Abstract

The black olm (Proteus anguinus parkelj Sket & Arntzen) is an endemic species found exclusively in the Dobličica River subterranean water systems of the Dinaric karst in southern Slovenia. These unique habitats are vulnerable to contamination due to rapid water flow, primarily [...] Read more.

The black olm (Proteus anguinus parkelj Sket & Arntzen) is an endemic species found exclusively in the Dobličica River subterranean water systems of the Dinaric karst in southern Slovenia. These unique habitats are vulnerable to contamination due to rapid water flow, primarily from nitrates from agricultural fertilisers and untreated urban wastewater. The safe limit of nitrate concentration for olms is 9.2 mg NO₃⁻/L, yet measurements in karst springs have shown levels ranging from 3 mg to over 20 mg NO₃⁻/L. The SWAT modelling tool assessed agri-environmental and land use scenarios for their impact on nitrate leaching. Using the model, we identified hotspots with high nitrogen leaching potential that require immediate attention and implementation of better agricultural practices for fertiliser use. For these hotspots, the most effective approach combines scenarios of cover crops (R2), reduced fertilisation (R3), crop rotation (R4), and conversion of cropland to grassland (E2, E4, E5), potentially decreasing nitrate leaching by up to 60%. Implementing the best scenarios is expected to reduce nitrogen levels below the limit value of 9.2 mg NO₃⁻/L, essential for maintaining the black olm habitat. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Human Impact on Groundwater Environment)

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26 pages, 1697 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Innovation Networks and Knowledge Diffusion Across Industries: An Empirical Study from an Emerging Economy

by Suleman Bawa, Ibn Wahab Benin and Abdulaziz Saleh Almudaihesh

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11308; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411308 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 253

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of innovation networks on knowledge diffusion, aligning with the Knowledge Spillover Theory of Entrepreneurship (KSTE). It explores how these networks promote sustainability-oriented innovation and enhance corporate performance across industries, focusing on the Ghanaian context. A theoretical framework was [...] Read more.

This study investigates the impact of innovation networks on knowledge diffusion, aligning with the Knowledge Spillover Theory of Entrepreneurship (KSTE). It explores how these networks promote sustainability-oriented innovation and enhance corporate performance across industries, focusing on the Ghanaian context. A theoretical framework was developed using a two-dimensional fixed effects model and instrumental variable estimations. The analysis utilized longitudinal data from the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) via the PENTSCOPE database from 2000 to 2023. The study reveals that robust innovation networks significantly enhance knowledge diffusion. Absorptive capacity plays a crucial mediating role, enabling firms to assimilate and apply external knowledge effectively. Additionally, organizational culture is a critical moderator, with adaptive and collaborative cultures fostering more efficient knowledge integration. The results highlight the pivotal role of innovation networks in transforming technological advancements into measurable performance outcomes, driving sustainable innovation and competitive advantage. This research extends the KSTE framework by integrating the network theory to examine how firms exploit external knowledge. It provides empirical evidence from the Ghanaian context, offering novel insights into how innovation networks can foster knowledge diffusion and sustainable development. This study’s findings contribute to theoretical discourse and practical applications, emphasizing the importance of strategic engagement in innovation networks and adaptive organizational cultures for long-term success. This research provides insights applicable to other emerging economies, highlighting how robust innovation networks can drive knowledge diffusion and sustainable development beyond the Ghanaian context. Full article

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33 pages, 2389 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Investigating the Underpinning Criteria of Employees’ Social Sustainability and Their Impact on Job Satisfaction in the U.A.E. Construction Sector

by Sara Saboor and Vian Ahmed

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11307; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411307 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 254

Abstract

The construction sector holds a paramount position in the economic landscape of any country, serving as its foundational pillar. This sector, characterized by its diverse and dynamic environment, is crucial in job creation across various domains, including transportation, real estate, manufacturing, trade, warehousing, [...] Read more.

The construction sector holds a paramount position in the economic landscape of any country, serving as its foundational pillar. This sector, characterized by its diverse and dynamic environment, is crucial in job creation across various domains, including transportation, real estate, manufacturing, trade, warehousing, wholesale, and leasing services. Employing about one quarter of the global workforce, its significance is undeniable. Despite its pivotal role, the construction sector grapples with significant mental health and social sustainability challenges. Reports in recent years indicate that approximately one in four individuals worldwide experiences various forms of mental disorders. A study by the Global Burden of Disease in 2010 revealed that around 400 million people globally suffer from depression with projections suggesting that depression could be the leading cause of employee mortality by 2030. This underscores the critical need to address mental health and well-being issues in this sector. While the existing literature has presented numerous studies and reliable scales linking employee mental health and well-being to factors such as job satisfaction, productivity, absenteeism, and low turnover rates, these studies often operate in isolation, concentrating on specific aspects of mental health. This study views mental health and well-being as essential parts of defining social sustainability as a comprehensive concept. Moreover, limited research has been conducted to assist organizations in decision making and facilitate efforts to enhance the social sustainability of employees in the construction sector, highlighting a noticeable research gap. To address this gap, our study adopted a comprehensive mixed-methods approach, incorporating semi-structured interviews, surveys, and structural equation modeling to identify the underpinning criteria that define the social sustainability of employees. This study accordingly incorporated the identified criteria to evaluate the relationship and impact of these factors on employees’ job satisfaction, ultimately contributing to the assurance of social sustainability for employees within the construction sector in the UAE. This holistic approach seeks to establish the intricate relationship between employees’ job satisfaction and their mental health, providing valuable insights for guiding organizational decisions and fostering improvements in employee social sustainability in the construction sector generally and the UAE construction sector in particular. Full article

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22 pages, 644 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Seven Challenges for Risk Communication in Today’s Digital Era: The Emergency Manager’s Perspective

by Ashley D. Ross, Laura Siebeneck, Hao-Che Wu, Sarah Kopczynski, Samir Nepal and Miranda Sauceda

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11306; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411306 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 271

Abstract

Risk communication plays a vital role in transmitting information about hazards and protective actions before and after disasters. While many studies have examined how risk communication and warnings influence household responses to hurricanes, fewer studies examine this from the perspective of the emergency [...] Read more.

Risk communication plays a vital role in transmitting information about hazards and protective actions before and after disasters. While many studies have examined how risk communication and warnings influence household responses to hurricanes, fewer studies examine this from the perspective of the emergency manager. Given the rapid advancements in technology and the adoption of social media platforms, as well as the increasing prevalence of misinformation during disasters, a fresh investigation into risk communication challenges and optional strategies is needed. Therefore, this study addresses three research questions: (1) What channels do emergency managers rely upon to communicate with the public before, during, and after a disaster? (2) How do emergency managers assess and ensure the effectiveness of their messaging strategies? (3) How do emergency managers manage misinformation? The challenges experienced by emergency managers related to each of these issues are also explored. Data were gathered in July–October 2024 through interviews conducted with eleven local emergency managers located in communities along the Texas Gulf Coast. Based on the findings of a qualitative data analysis, this paper presents seven distinct risk communication challenges faced by emergency managers throughout the evacuation and return-entry processes that span the communication aspects of channels, messaging, and misinformation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emergency Management and Disaster Perceptions: Revisiting Attitudes and Behaviors in an Era of New Hazard Agents and Profiles)

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17 pages, 2509 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Efficient Treatment of Leachate from Municipal Solid Waste Transfer Stations via a Bioreactor–Nanofiltration System: A Pilot-Scale Study

by Shoubo Huang, Qiyuan Zheng, Zihan Zhu, Xiaomeng Geng, Lin Wang, Bin Xu and Youcai Zhao

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11305; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411305 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 326

Abstract

The management of municipal solid waste leachate has emerged as a pivotal challenge in sustainable urban development. Currently, there is limited information on the practical engineering applications of bioreactors and nanofiltration systems on the pilot scale. This work employs a bioreactor–nanofiltration pilot system [...] Read more.

The management of municipal solid waste leachate has emerged as a pivotal challenge in sustainable urban development. Currently, there is limited information on the practical engineering applications of bioreactors and nanofiltration systems on the pilot scale. This work employs a bioreactor–nanofiltration pilot system for the treatment of leachate in municipal solid waste transfer stations. The results demonstrate that the bioreactor–nanofiltration system exhibits excellent and stable efficiency in removing organic pollutants and heavy metal ions. The effluent qualities of COD, TN, and TP are 50, 28, and 2 mg/L, and the removal rates are 99.4%, 99.3%, and 96.1%, respectively. All types of heavy metal ions also comply with the standard limits specified in the “Wastewater quality standards for discharge to municipal sewers” (GB/T 31962-2015). More importantly, using waste materials such as mineralized waste and animal aggregates as bioreactor fillers increases the diversity of the microbial community in the system, and provides an engineering basis for the resource utilization of waste materials. The bioreactor–nanofiltration process is expected to become an ideal solution for the treatment of leachate in transfer stations. Full article

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24 pages, 3008 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Integrating Urban Mining Concepts Through AI-Generated Storytelling and Visuals: Advancing Sustainability Education in Early Childhood

by Ruei-Shan Lu, Hao-Chiang Koong Lin, Yong-Cih Yang and Yo-Ping Chen

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11304; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411304 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 270

Abstract

This study investigates integrating sustainability and urban mining concepts into early childhood education through AI-assisted storytelling and visual aids to foster environmental awareness. Using ChatGPT-generated narratives and AI-drawn visuals, interactive stories explore complex sustainability themes like resource conservation and waste management. A quasi-experimental [...] Read more.

This study investigates integrating sustainability and urban mining concepts into early childhood education through AI-assisted storytelling and visual aids to foster environmental awareness. Using ChatGPT-generated narratives and AI-drawn visuals, interactive stories explore complex sustainability themes like resource conservation and waste management. A quasi-experimental design with 60 preschoolers divided into experimental and control groups compared structured and unstructured storytelling. Structured stories followed teacher-designed frameworks, including thematic and narrative elements such as settings, character development, and resolutions. Observations showed the structured group demonstrated greater comprehension, engagement, and narrative ability, indicating enhanced cognitive and communication skills. The digital system interface featured animations and images for engagement, while tutorial-driven navigation allowed young learners to interact freely with sustainability-focused story options. The findings highlighted structured storytelling’s ability to improve language and narrative skills, alongside fostering digital and environmental literacy. Limitations include a small sample size and a focus on specific themes, restricting generalizability. Despite this, this study adds value by showcasing how AI tools combined with structured frameworks can effectively teach sustainability while reducing the reliance on paper, promoting sustainable educational practices. Overall, this research underscores the potential of AI storytelling in shaping young learners’ understanding of environmental issues, advocating for the thoughtful integration of technology to inspire deeper learning. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable E-learning and Education with Intelligence—2nd Edition)

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26 pages, 3963 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Battery-Assisted Trolleybuses: Effect of Battery Energy Utilization Ratio on Overall Traction Energy Consumption

by Martin Kendra, Daniel Pribula, Tomáš Skrúcaný, Oľga Blažeková and Svetla Stoilova

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11303; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411303 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 241

Abstract

Urban public transport companies worldwide are introducing environmentally friendly bus solutions, and in cities with an existing trolleybus network, battery-assisted trolleybuses are an efficient alternative. Equipped with a traction battery, these vehicles allow a short range outside of the trolley lines and on-board [...] Read more.

Urban public transport companies worldwide are introducing environmentally friendly bus solutions, and in cities with an existing trolleybus network, battery-assisted trolleybuses are an efficient alternative. Equipped with a traction battery, these vehicles allow a short range outside of the trolley lines and on-board recuperation, and they combine the advantages of electric buses and trolleybuses without the need for costly infrastructure expansions. Two similar battery-assisted trolleybuses are in operation in Žilina, where the unitary traction energy consumption has been observed to decrease as a function of the battery-powered and on-trolley-line vehicle run ratio. This theory was confirmed by statistical regression analysis of real operational data for one year of operation in different situations. This research also includes an analysis of battery-assisted trolleybuses’ operation on conventional trolleybus lines, which brought surprising findings, as well as an analysis of other selected indicators that can be dependent on the battery run ratio. These findings can contribute to reducing traction energy consumption by simply modifying the operating technologies without the need for extensive investment in infrastructure or vehicle equipment. This research is pilot research ready for in-depth research. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Urban Mobility Management and Road Behavior of Vulnerable Users)

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15 pages, 2507 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Evaluation of the Impact of Plant Protection Products (PPPs) on Non-Target Soil Organisms in the Olive Orchard: Drone (Aerial) Spraying vs. Tractor (Ground) Spraying

by Aldo D’Alessandro, Martina Coletta, Aurora Torresi, Gilda Dell’Ambrogio, Mathieu Renaud, Benoît J. D. Ferrari and Antonietta La Terza

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11302; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411302 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 290

Abstract

Policies aimed at reducing plant protection products (PPPs) are part of the UN’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Sustainable management of PPPs is crucial for soil health, biodiversity, and ecosystem services, including food provision. While PPPs can control pests and enhance agricultural yields, [...] Read more.

Policies aimed at reducing plant protection products (PPPs) are part of the UN’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Sustainable management of PPPs is crucial for soil health, biodiversity, and ecosystem services, including food provision. While PPPs can control pests and enhance agricultural yields, they also pose environmental and health risks by contaminating water, soil, and non-target organisms through airborne drift. Investigating innovative and more sustainable distribution methods can support sustainability goals. This study aimed to evaluate the potential impact of the pesticide Spintor^® Fly on non-target soil organisms in olive orchards comparing two spraying methods: a traditional Casotti^® pump mounted on a tractor and an innovative Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) developed for the project. The study was conducted in 2021 in an organic olive orchard, which was divided into two plots: a Casotti-treated plot (CAS) and a drone-treated plot (DRO). A strip of uncultivated land at the edge of the orchard was used as a (non-treated) control plot (CAP). The impact on native soil microarthropod communities was assessed using the arthropod-based Soil Biological Quality Index (QBS-ar) and Bait Lamina Test (BLT). Soil samples were collected for earthworm avoidance tests and soil chemical–physical analysis. The results obtained with QBS-ar and BLT indicated no significant differences between DRO and CAS, in both sampling periods (pre- and post-treatment). However, DRO generally exhibited slightly better performance than CAS. The avoidance behaviour was confirmed for both CAS and DRO, although it was lower for the latter. Overall, drone aerial spray performed slightly better, suggesting a potentially lower impact on soil communities. Our results provide initial clues for the sustainable use of drones in agriculture with no increased risks for soil health compared to traditional methods. Further long-term studies should be conducted to validate these findings and possibly confirm the long-term benefits of drone applications compared to traditional methods. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainability, Biodiversity and Conservation)

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23 pages, 16564 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Cooperative Control of Distributed Drive Electric Vehicles for Handling, Stability, and Energy Efficiency, via ARS and DYC

by Ningyuan Guo, Jie Ye and Zihao Huang

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11301; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411301 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 270

Abstract

Distributed drive electric vehicles (DDEV), characterized by their independently drivable wheels, offer significant advantages in terms of vehicle handling, stability, and energy efficiency. These attributes collectively contribute to enhancing driving safety and extending the all-electric range for sustainable transportation. Nonetheless, the challenge persists [...] Read more.

Distributed drive electric vehicles (DDEV), characterized by their independently drivable wheels, offer significant advantages in terms of vehicle handling, stability, and energy efficiency. These attributes collectively contribute to enhancing driving safety and extending the all-electric range for sustainable transportation. Nonetheless, the challenge persists in designing a control strategy that effectively coordinates the objectives of handling, stability, and energy efficiency under both lateral and longitudinal driving conditions. To this end, this paper proposes a cooperative control strategy for DDEVs, incorporating active rear steering (ARS) and direct yaw moment control (DYC) to enhance handling capabilities, stability, and energy efficiency. A stability boundary is delineated using an analytical expression that correlates with the front wheel steering angle, and an adjustment factor is introduced to quantify vehicle stability based on this input parameter. This factor aids in establishing a coordinated control reference for handling and stability. At the upper-level motion control layer, a model predictive control method is developed to track this reference and implement ARS and DYC for superior performance. Specifically, the rear lateral force serves as the control command for ARS, which is converted into a rear wheel steering angle using a tire inverse model. Meanwhile, the front lateral force is modeled as linear-time-varying to simplify calculations. At the lower-level torque allocation layer, the adjustment factor is utilized to balance tire workload rate and in-wheel motors’ (IWM) energy consumption, enabling efficient switching between energy consumption and driving stability targets, and the torque allocation is conducted to acquire the expected IWMs’ command. Both the upper and lower-level optimization problems are formulated as convex problems, ensuring efficient and effective solutions. Simulations verify the effectiveness of this strategy in improving handling, stability, and energy economy under DLC cases, while maintaining high computational efficiency. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Powertrain Design and Control in Sustainable Electric Vehicles)

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25 pages, 10219 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Tripartite Evolutionary Game Analysis of Green Coal Mining: Insights from Central Environmental Protection Inspection

by Shaohui Zou and Jiahang Xie

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11300; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411300 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 332

Abstract

This paper constructs an evolutionary game model involving the “central government–local government–coal enterprises” to explore the impact mechanism of central environmental protection inspection on green coal mining. By analyzing the strategic behaviors of the key actors, this study identifies critical factors that influence [...] Read more.

This paper constructs an evolutionary game model involving the “central government–local government–coal enterprises” to explore the impact mechanism of central environmental protection inspection on green coal mining. By analyzing the strategic behaviors of the key actors, this study identifies critical factors that influence their decisions. System simulations are conducted to assess the effects of key parameters on system stability and convergence. The findings indicate the following: (1) Increasing inspection costs weaken the central government’s support for green mining, with excessive costs potentially causing regulatory fatigue. Moderating inspection investments is key to sustaining long-term effectiveness. (2) Higher penalties for local governments improve the enforcement of green mining policies, particularly in the mid-term, showing that stringent penalties are an effective regulatory tool. (3) Lower technical costs and greater economic incentives encourage coal enterprises to adopt green mining practices, highlighting the role of innovation and profitability in driving green transitions. (4) Central government subsidies enhance local governments’ short-term enforcement but may lead to dependence if overused. Balanced subsidy policies are essential for sustained policy implementation at the local level. Based on these findings, the paper proposes policy recommendations to improve inspection mechanisms, optimize policy tools, and establish a collaborative regulatory system to ensure the long-term effectiveness of green coal mining. Full article

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17 pages, 846 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Individuals’ Social Identity and Pro-Environmental Behaviors: Cross-Cultural Evidence from 48 Regions

by Junxian Shen and Hongfeng Zhang

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11299; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411299 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 262

Abstract

Individual pro-environmental behaviors (PEBs) are essential for addressing critical global environmental challenges. Drawing on the social identity approach, this study examines how different types of social identity (including world, national, regional, and city identities) influence individuals’ engagement in PEBs. Using data from the [...] Read more.

Individual pro-environmental behaviors (PEBs) are essential for addressing critical global environmental challenges. Drawing on the social identity approach, this study examines how different types of social identity (including world, national, regional, and city identities) influence individuals’ engagement in PEBs. Using data from the seventh wave of the World Values Survey (2017–2022), which includes responses from 60,577 participants across 48 regions, a hierarchical linear model was used to analyze these relationships. The results show that world identity has a stronger effect than city, national, or regional identity on green orientation and subsequently on PEBs, emphasizing environmental sustainability as a global priority. Moreover, previous cross-cultural research has focused on individualistic and collectivistic cultures. Our study introduces a novel perspective to the existing literature by examining the moderating effect of long-term versus short-term societal orientations. The findings indicate that long-term cultural orientations strengthen the influence of green orientation on PEBs. This study provides actionable insights for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers seeking to develop culturally sensitive strategies to promote sustainable behaviors. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Psychology of Sustainability and Sustainable Development)

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17 pages, 4598 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effects of Biochar Extract and Mineral Potassium Fulvic Acid on Salt Tolerance of Shanghai Bok Choy

by Hongxing Chai, Wenhong Wu, Yujiao Liu, Wei Wu and Peiling Gao

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11298; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411298 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 273

Abstract

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of biochar extract (BE) and mineral potassium fulvic acid (MPFA) on the salt tolerance and growth of Bok Choy (Shanghai Bok Choy) under saline conditions, aiming to utilize saline groundwater resources in the [...] Read more.

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of biochar extract (BE) and mineral potassium fulvic acid (MPFA) on the salt tolerance and growth of Bok Choy (Shanghai Bok Choy) under saline conditions, aiming to utilize saline groundwater resources in the Yellow River Delta region. Based on the mineralization level of saline groundwater in the Yellow River Delta region, all the treatments were cultured in a nutrient solution containing 6 g·L⁻¹ NaCl. Nine treatments were set up: BE (C1: 1 g, C2: 5 g, C3: 10 g, C4: 15 g·L⁻¹), MPFA (H1: 0.2 g, H2: 0.4 g, H3: 0.6 g, H4: 0.8 g·L⁻¹), and a control (CK). The results showed that both the BE and MPFA reduced MDA accumulation, increased SOD and CAT enzyme activities, thereby increasing the number of effective leaves, the maximum leaf length, and the maximum leaf width of Shanghai Bok Choy. However, MPFA was better than the BE at increasing the antioxidant enzyme activities and total chlorophyll content. Correlation analysis revealed that the hydrogen peroxide content and CAT enzyme activity were the most important factors affecting Shanghai Bok Choy yield. Compared to the CK, the BE treatments reduced the hydrogen peroxide content by 1.1–46.4% and increased the CAT enzyme activity by 4.1–68.0%, while the MPFA treatments increased the hydrogen peroxide content and decreased the CAT enzyme activity. Consequently, the fresh weight of Shanghai Bok Choy treated with the BE was 11.01–112.21% higher than the MPFA treatments and 5.17–49.70% higher than the CK. Overall, C3 had significantly lower hydrogen peroxide content than the CK and the highest CAT enzyme activity, which was markedly better than the MPFA treatments. This suggests that C3 may be an effective method for improving the salt tolerance and growth of Shanghai Bok Choy under salt stress. This study provides favorable data to support the solution to the problem of agricultural water use and the realization of sustainable development in the Yellow River Delta. Full article

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19 pages, 1624 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Multi-Objective Path Planning for Unmanned Sweepers Considering Traffic Signals: A Reinforcement Learning-Enhanced NSGA-II Approach

by Yiwen Huang, Wenjia Mou, Juncong Lan, Fuhai Luo, Kai Wu and Shaofeng Lu

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11297; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411297 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 245

Abstract

With the widespread popularization of unmanned sweepers, path planning has been recognized as a key component affecting their total work efficiency. Conventional path planning methods often only aim to improve work efficiency while ignoring energy optimization, a crucial factor for sustainable development. In [...] Read more.

With the widespread popularization of unmanned sweepers, path planning has been recognized as a key component affecting their total work efficiency. Conventional path planning methods often only aim to improve work efficiency while ignoring energy optimization, a crucial factor for sustainable development. In this paper, an energy- and time-minimization unmanned sweeper arc path problem (ETM-ARP) is investigated, and the effects of road slope, dynamic changes in on-board mass, mode switching of vehicle work, and traffic lights are taken into consideration to meet the requirements of a realistic structured road scenario. A new multi-objective mixed-integer nonlinear planning model is proposed for this problem. To solve this model, we propose a deep Q-network (DQN) and Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search Algorithm (ALNS)-driven non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (QALNS-NSGA-II). The novelty of this algorithm lies in integrating DQN into ALNS, to guide high-quality adaptive operator selection during the search process based on additional information. The computational results of various examples confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method. The proposed method can be used to improve the efficiency and sustainability of unmanned sweepers for sweeping on structured roads. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Mobility for Sustainable Future Transportation)

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18 pages, 535 KiB

Open AccessArticle

From Posts to Action: Leveraging Social Media to Inspire Food Waste Reduction in Hospitality for a Net Zero Future

by Weifeng Chang, Mingdi Jiang and Muhammad Hassan Arshad

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11296; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411296 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 265

Abstract

This study explores the contribution of social media to food waste reduction among hospitality customers as part of the global net zero emissions agenda. It does this by using the Stimulus–Organism–Response (SOR) model to examine how social media food waste reduction promotion affects [...] Read more.

This study explores the contribution of social media to food waste reduction among hospitality customers as part of the global net zero emissions agenda. It does this by using the Stimulus–Organism–Response (SOR) model to examine how social media food waste reduction promotion affects hospitality customer food waste intentions, mediated by social media-driven environmental motivation and sustainability-driven customer happiness. Moreover, gratitude towards food waste initiatives moderates these effects such that motivation and emotional satisfaction are more strongly associated with sustainable behaviors. We find that social media campaigns can effectively elicit cognitive and emotional engagement, which in turn strengthens food waste reduction intentions, using data from 404 hospitality customers in China. Furthermore, the study extends the SOR model to sustainability and consumer behavior literature and provides practical guidance for hospitality businesses to harness social media in engaging customers in sustainability efforts. Organizations can enhance the effectiveness of their environmental campaigns by using emotionally resonant messages and highlighting gratitude. Filling important gaps, this research explores mechanisms driving sustainable behaviors in line with strategies to achieve net zero emissions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Waste Management and Sustainability)

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23 pages, 1878 KiB

Open AccessArticle

How Green Entrepreneurial Orientation Influences Corporate Performance: The Missing Link of Green Knowledge Sharing

by Yuan Le and Xiue Zhang

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11295; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411295 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 263

Abstract

Based on dynamic capability theory and contingency theory, this study explores effects of green knowledge sharing (GKS) and environmental dynamism (ED) on the relationship between green entrepreneurial orientation (GEO) and corporate performance (CP). Using SPSS 24.0 software to perform hierarchical regression analysis on [...] Read more.

Based on dynamic capability theory and contingency theory, this study explores effects of green knowledge sharing (GKS) and environmental dynamism (ED) on the relationship between green entrepreneurial orientation (GEO) and corporate performance (CP). Using SPSS 24.0 software to perform hierarchical regression analysis on collected data from 387 Chinese manufacturing firms, it was found that GEO has positive influence on financial performance (FP) and environmental performance (EP), that supplier knowledge sharing (SKS) and customer knowledge sharing (CKS) play a mediating role in the relationship between GEO and EP, and that SKS mediates the relationship between GEO and FP. However, CKS does not mediate the relationship between GEO and FP. In addition, our empirical findings show that CP is improved through GEO and GKS at a higher level of ED. These findings provide theoretical contributions and practical inspirations for the research on green entrepreneurship. Full article

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20 pages, 3713 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Pollution Problems in the Economic Agricultural Sector: Evaluating the Impact on Natural Resources and Solutions for Improvement

by Lubov Moldavan, Olena Pimenowa, Piotr Prus and Sergiusz Pimenow

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11294; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411294 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 304

Abstract

In the face of modern global challenges and the growing impacts of anthropogenic activity, the issue of agricultural pollution of natural resources has become a critical issue, especially in countries experiencing ecological and social crises. Ukraine, as one of Europe’s largest agricultural producers, [...] Read more.

In the face of modern global challenges and the growing impacts of anthropogenic activity, the issue of agricultural pollution of natural resources has become a critical issue, especially in countries experiencing ecological and social crises. Ukraine, as one of Europe’s largest agricultural producers, faces unique challenges stemming from the legacy of radiation contamination following the Chornobyl nuclear disaster, intensive land use, and the environmental consequences of military conflict. Our study focuses on analyzing the sources of agricultural pollution, including chemical runoff, pesticides, herbicides, heavy metals, and nutrient leaching, as well as their impacts on the sustainability of agroecosystems, food security, and human well-being. The methodology is based on a systematic analysis of scientific research, agrochemical surveys, monitoring reports, and documents from governmental and non-governmental organizations. The assessment of natural resources was conducted using an integrated approach combining quantitative and qualitative pollution indicators. The results reveal an increasing threat to natural resources in Ukraine due to outdated technologies, radiation contamination, and military activities. Special attention is given to the need for a transition to agroecological farming methods and bioremediation for restoring contaminated lands and water resources. The study contributes to the development of sustainable approaches to managing natural resources and strategic measures to minimize agricultural pollution. The Ukrainian context underscores the relevance of research in countries with transitional economies and unique environmental challenges, making the findings significant for international scientific agendas and environmental policy. Future research perspectives include developing innovative technologies to prevent pollution and enhance the sustainability of agroecosystems to ecological challenges, as well as creating international resource management models based on Ukraine’s experience. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Pollution Prevention, Mitigation and Sustainability)

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21 pages, 3119 KiB

Open AccessArticle

LCA and Emergy Approach to Evaluate the Environmental Performance of Plastic Bags from Fossil and Renewable Sources with the Function of Conditioning MSW

by Matheus Tavares Lacerda, Marcelo Vitor Fiatkoski, Marcell Mariano Corrêa Maceno, Feni Dalano Roosevelt Agostinho, Michele Rigon Spier, Mariana Kleina and Marcos Augusto Mendes Marques

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11293; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411293 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 261

Abstract

This study aimed to compare the environmental performance of plastic bags made of three different polymers, considering two product functions: carrying goods and packing municipal solid waste. The three polymers studied were HDPE, LDPE, and thermoplastic starch (TPS). Life cycle assessment and emergy [...] Read more.

This study aimed to compare the environmental performance of plastic bags made of three different polymers, considering two product functions: carrying goods and packing municipal solid waste. The three polymers studied were HDPE, LDPE, and thermoplastic starch (TPS). Life cycle assessment and emergy accounting were used to evaluate the environmental performance of each scenario in analysis. To develop this research, eight scenarios were created to represent the customs of use and consumption in the Brazilian population. The LCA results showed that, in general, the scenarios with HDPE plastic bags presented the best environmental performances, while those with TPS presented the worst. The processes that contributed most to these results, representing 70% or more of the environmental impact in each impact category, are related to the use of raw materials, electricity, and water for the manufacture of plastic bags and the treatment in landfills. In other words, the fact that TPS has a mass around six times greater than that of HDPE and two times greater than that of LDPE ends up leaving this type of polymer with the worst environmental performance. In the comparative analysis of scenarios for the same polymer, scenarios that involve the use and reuse of plastic bags present the lowest potential environmental impacts. In contrast, those related to the use and disposal in landfills present the highest possible environmental impacts. The results of emergy accounting showed that the HDPE scenarios had the lowest total emergy flow, ranging from 1.77 × 10¹³ seJ to 2.40 × 10¹³ seJ. In contrast, the LDPE scenarios had the highest total emergy flow, ranging from 1.15 × 10¹⁴ to 1.21 × 10¹⁴ seJ. Although LDPE had the highest total emergy flow values, these results are similar to those obtained by the fossil resource scarcity impact category, which focuses on resource consumption analysis. Thus, through a real approach to the use of plastic bags and solid waste management in the Brazilian context, this study brings essential insights to direct public policies related to the consumption of plastic bags. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Products and Services)

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22 pages, 4151 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Subway Multi-Station Coordinated Dynamic Control Method Considering Transfer Inbound Passenger Flow

by Linghui Xu, Jia Lu, Shuichao Zhang, Gang Ren and Kangkang He

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11292; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411292 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 209

Abstract

The prominent contradiction between passenger demand and capacity in rush hours at subway stations causes inconveniences to travel and even leads to safety risks. Existing research on the cooperative control of passenger flow at stations mostly focuses on a single direction, rarely considering [...] Read more.

The prominent contradiction between passenger demand and capacity in rush hours at subway stations causes inconveniences to travel and even leads to safety risks. Existing research on the cooperative control of passenger flow at stations mostly focuses on a single direction, rarely considering transfer passenger flow control. This study formulated a coordinated dynamic control strategy for multiple stations in both directions as a deterministic mathematical programming model to optimise the crowded passenger flow. The optimisation objectives were set as the warning levels of crowded passenger flow and the detention time of all passengers. The constraints included limitations on station service capacity, train capacity, and the number of people boarding trains. Additionally, considering separate control over the transfer inbound passenger flow at transfer stations, an upward- and downward-direction coordinated dynamic control model was constructed. Numerical experiments based on real-world data from the Nanjing Metro Line 1 were conducted to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed cooperative control scheme and evaluate its performance. Full article

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20 pages, 1588 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Factors Influencing Emergency Management Performance in China’s Prismatic County-Level Governance

by Chao Wang, Jixiang Song, Muhammad Sulaiman Tiwana and Wendong Xu

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11291; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411291 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 238

Abstract

Emergency management performance (EMP) at the county level in China plays a critical role in linking counties to serve as a bridge between urban and rural areas. This study explores the factors that influence EMP within China’s county-level governance by applying Riggs’ administrative [...] Read more.

Emergency management performance (EMP) at the county level in China plays a critical role in linking counties to serve as a bridge between urban and rural areas. This study explores the factors that influence EMP within China’s county-level governance by applying Riggs’ administrative ecology theory. The study examines the impact of normative constraints, favor politics, cooperative politics, and charismatic politics directly on EMP collectively and individually. This study analyzes empirical data using structural equation modeling from Jiangsu Province, which includes a survey of 300 emergency management personnel. The results show that normative constraints have the most significant positive influence on EMP, followed by charismatic politics, cooperative politics, and favor politics. The study highlights the mixed practices of traditional and modern administrative contexts, with the “prismatic” administrative model offering an adaptive governance approach during China’s societal transition. This study advances the theoretical understanding of transitional governance systems and provides practical recommendations for policymakers to improve EMP in county-level governance frameworks. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emergency Management and Disaster Perceptions: Revisiting Attitudes and Behaviors in an Era of New Hazard Agents and Profiles)

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22 pages, 1166 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Nexus of Natural Resources, Renewable Energy, Capital Formation, Urbanization, and Foreign Investment in E7 Countries

by Zuyao Wang and Runguo Xu

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11290; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411290 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 268

Abstract

The global trend of rapid economic development and urbanization has created questions regarding the quality of the environment. In the group of emerging economies (E7), environmental challenges have intensified due to specific dynamics unique to these nations. This research is focused on determining [...] Read more.

The global trend of rapid economic development and urbanization has created questions regarding the quality of the environment. In the group of emerging economies (E7), environmental challenges have intensified due to specific dynamics unique to these nations. This research is focused on determining the influence of urbanization (UBNZ), renewable energy (RWNE), capital formation (CPFR), foreign direct investment (FDIN), and natural resources (NTRR) on the ecological footprint (ECLF) of the E7 economies. The study employs the Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (PMG-ARDL) approach to examine these relationships, utilizing data spanning the period of 1990–2022. The results reveal that a 1% increase in the CPFR, NTRR, and UBNZ leads to increases in the ECLF of 0.0581%, 0.0263%, and 0.0299%, respectively. Conversely, a 1% increase in RWNE and FDIN reduces the ECLF by 0.0207% and 0.0556%, respectively, in the E7 economies. The study’s findings are further validated through robustness testing via the fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) method. The study concludes with actionable policy recommendations aimed at enhancing environmental quality within these economies. These recommendations include promoting renewable energy adoption, attracting environmentally sustainable foreign investments, and implementing strategies to manage urbanization and natural resource use effectively. Full article

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15 pages, 4022 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Upcycling Waste Cotton Cloth into a Carbon Textile: A Durable and Scalable Layer for Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Applications

by Mohamed Adel Allam, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem, Hussain Alawadhi, Abdul Ghani Olabi and Abdulmonem Fetyan

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11289; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411289 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 288

Abstract

In our investigation, we unveil a novel, eco-friendly, and cost-effective method for crafting a bio-derived electrode using discarded cotton fabric via a carbonization procedure, marking its inaugural application in a vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). Our findings showcase the superior reaction surface area, [...] Read more.

In our investigation, we unveil a novel, eco-friendly, and cost-effective method for crafting a bio-derived electrode using discarded cotton fabric via a carbonization procedure, marking its inaugural application in a vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). Our findings showcase the superior reaction surface area, heightened carbon content, and enhanced catalytic prowess for vanadium reactions exhibited by this carbonized waste cloth (CWC) electrode compared to commercially treated graphite felt (TT-GF). Therefore, the VRFB system equipped with these custom electrodes surpasses its treated graphite felt counterpart (61% at an equivalent current) and achieves an impressive voltage efficiency of 70% at a current density of 100 mA cm⁻². Notably, energy efficiency sees a notable uptick from 58% to 67% under the same current density conditions. These compelling outcomes underscore the immense potential of the carbonized waste cotton cloth electrode for widespread integration in VRFB installations at scale. Full article

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15 pages, 2746 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Screening of Suitable Species Combinations for Vegetation Restoration in Ecologically Damaged Areas of Representative Coal Mines on the South Slope of Tianshan Mountain

by Juncheng Xiao, Chunwu Song, Cheng Yan, Zhengzhong Jin and Jia Duo

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11288; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411288 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 218

Abstract

Coal mining has significantly degraded the ecological environment, and the ecosystem structure of the southern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains is complex, with drought, low rainfall, and ecological fragility increasing the difficulty of ecological restoration. There are few studies on the selection of [...] Read more.

Coal mining has significantly degraded the ecological environment, and the ecosystem structure of the southern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains is complex, with drought, low rainfall, and ecological fragility increasing the difficulty of ecological restoration. There are few studies on the selection of suitable pioneer species for the restoration of mining areas on the south slope of Tianshan Mountain. In this study, we investigated the artificial restoration of vegetation in the damaged areas of nine representative coal mines on the south slope of the Tianshan Mountains. We categorized the coal mines into three classes based on elevation. Using a combination of the entropy weight method and the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), indicators such as the diversity index and vegetation cover were selected to compare the recovery of vegetation in the mining area and screen for suitable pioneer species in ecologically damaged areas. The results show the following: (1) Based on the entropy weight TOPSIS findings, Run Hua coal mine, Da Wanqi coal mine, and Ke Xing coal mine are the highest-scoring coal mines among different types of coal mines. (2) Based on the score results and species rankings, species combinations including Agropyron cristatum, Achnatherum splendens, Medicago sativa Linn, and Halogeton glomeratus are recommended for altitudes below 1500 m. For altitudes between 1500 m and 2000 m, combinations including Festuca elata Keng ex E, Agropyron cristatum, Halogeton glomeratus, and Artemisia sieversiana Ehrhart ex Willd are recommended; similarly, combinations including Agropyron cristatum, Achnatherum splendens, Seriphidium kaschgaricum, and Halogeton glomeratus are recommended for elevations above 2000 m. This study discusses the recovery of artificial vegetation communities within 2 years, with a view to providing a theoretical basis and data support for the recovery of the remaining ecologically damaged areas of the same types. Full article

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17 pages, 6300 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Exploring the Correspondence Between Benthic Algae and Changes in the Aquatic Environment for Biodiversity Development

by Yanhang Hu, Long Yan, Peng Hu, Hongmin Guo, Xinyu Li and Wenhang Su

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11287; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411287 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 245

Abstract

In order to promote the development of biodiversity, the present study conducted three sampling surveys at 26 representative sampling sites selected from the Chishui River, a freshwater river in China, in July (rainy season), November (flat water period), and April 2024 (dry season), [...] Read more.

In order to promote the development of biodiversity, the present study conducted three sampling surveys at 26 representative sampling sites selected from the Chishui River, a freshwater river in China, in July (rainy season), November (flat water period), and April 2024 (dry season), respectively, focusing on the relationship between benthic algae and the response of water environmental factors. The results revealed that a total of 140 species from 48 genera and 7 phyla of benthic algae were identified, with the highest number of species belonging to the diatom phylum (85 species). The average density of benthic algae was highest during the flat water period, followed by the dry season and the flood season. Microcystis sp. was the dominant species during the flood season, while Gomphonema sp., Achnanthes tumescens, and Oscillatoria sp. were common dominant species during the dry and flat water periods. Achnanthes tumescens was the absolute dominant species in the upstream during the dry and flat water periods; Leptolyngbya sp. was the absolute dominant species in the midstream during the flat water period, and Oscillatoria sp. was the absolute dominant species in the middle reaches during the dry season. The Shannon-Wiener index, Margalef index, and species richness of benthic algae during the dry and flat water periods decreased from upstream to downstream. Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis revealed significant differences in the community structures of benthic algae in the upper, middle, and downstream areas of the Chishui River during different periods, while cluster analysis indicated high similarity among benthic algae communities in locally adjacent areas. The differences in the benthic algae community structure increased with environmental and geographical distance, with environmental distance playing a greater role than geographical distance. RDA (Redundancy Analysis) identified TN (Total Nitrogen), TP (Total Phosphorus), DO (Dissolved Oxygen), EC (Electrical Conductivity), and NH₃-N (Ammonia Nitrogen) as key water environmental factors influencing the structure of benthic algal communities in the Chishui River. Full article

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16 pages, 8675 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Investigating the Structural Framework Beneath Riyadh Region for Potential Geothermal Exploration Utilizing Geological and Geophysical Data

by Abdulrhman H. Alghamdi, Faisal A. Alonaizi and Majed A. Almalki

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11286; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411286 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 283

Abstract

With growing electricity demand and an increasing focus on renewable energy, geothermal energy exploration is gaining prominence in Saudi Arabia. This study investigates the geothermal potential of the Riyadh region by integrating various geophysical data with geological information, providing a detailed image of [...] Read more.

With growing electricity demand and an increasing focus on renewable energy, geothermal energy exploration is gaining prominence in Saudi Arabia. This study investigates the geothermal potential of the Riyadh region by integrating various geophysical data with geological information, providing a detailed image of the structural framework and thermal distribution. We generated a 2D density and susceptibility model using gravity and aeromagnetic data, constrained by well-logs information for sedimentary rocks. Distinct salt layers with low densities (2.15 g/cm³) were introduced in the model overlying the basement rocks, as well as unexposed faults, which may play a crucial role in the thermal regime in the study area. We produced a comprehensive thermal model extracted from the density and susceptibility model, along with temperature measurements from the Minjur Aquifer. The presence of the salt layer not only affects the geothermal gradient, but also suggests the potential for enhanced surface heat flow in specific areas. The results highlight the presence of a promising geothermal reservoir, the Minjur Formation, which exhibits significant potential for geothermal energy extraction due to its porosity, permeability, and sufficient thermal gradient ranging from 80 °C to 120 °C at depths of 2 to 3 km. These findings offer significant implications for Saudi Arabia’s transition to cleaner energy sources and support the future development of geothermal infrastructure in urban areas like Riyadh. Full article

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19 pages, 802 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Barriers to Sustainable Healthcare Waste Management: A Grey Method Approach for Barrier Ranking

by Majdi Anwar Quttainah and Priya Singh

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11285; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411285 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 308

Abstract

Healthcare Waste Management (HCWM) is critical for public health and environmental sustainability. However, healthcare facilities face significant barriers to implementing sustainable HCWM practices, particularly in developing regions. Identifying and prioritizing these barriers is essential to developing practical solutions. This study aims to identify [...] Read more.

Healthcare Waste Management (HCWM) is critical for public health and environmental sustainability. However, healthcare facilities face significant barriers to implementing sustainable HCWM practices, particularly in developing regions. Identifying and prioritizing these barriers is essential to developing practical solutions. This study aims to identify and rank barriers to sustainable HCWM using an integrated methodology. It seeks to provide actionable insights for policymakers and healthcare administrators to improve HCWM practices. The study employed a multi-method approach, combining a comprehensive literature review, expert consultations, and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). The literature review identified 17 potential barriers across economic, social, technical, and regulatory dimensions. Eight experts from diverse sectors evaluated these barriers based on ten criteria. GRA was used to rank the barriers, and sensitivity analysis assessed the robustness of the rankings under varying parameters. The findings revealed that the most critical barriers include the lack of standardized guidelines and protocols, ineffective waste segregation, awareness and knowledge gaps, and inadequate training. Financial constraints and disposal infrastructure also ranked highly, highlighting systemic challenges in HCWM. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that these rankings remained stable across varying conditions, affirming the robustness of the results. Addressing the prioritized barriers—mainly through policy standardization, enhanced training programs, and improved resource allocation—can significantly improve HCWM practices. This study underscores the need for a holistic approach integrating technical, social, and regulatory interventions to enhance sustainability in healthcare waste management. Full article

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20 pages, 7356 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Coordinating Risk Aversion and Pricing Strategies in Green Supply Chains: A Study of Manufacturer Competition

by Zhen Chen, Kaveh Khalilpour and Qingzhen Yao

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11284; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411284 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 211

Abstract

The green supply chain is a crucial approach to addressing environmental issues and supporting sustainable development. This study examines the coordination challenges in green supply chains, accounting for risk aversion and manufacturer competition. It explores how risk-averse behavior influences operational decisions, offering strategies [...] Read more.

The green supply chain is a crucial approach to addressing environmental issues and supporting sustainable development. This study examines the coordination challenges in green supply chains, accounting for risk aversion and manufacturer competition. It explores how risk-averse behavior influences operational decisions, offering strategies to enhance cooperation among supply chain members. This study develops three key models: a rational behavior model, a risk aversion model, and a cost-sharing contract model, deriving optimal equilibrium decisions for each. It analyses the impact of risk aversion on pricing, product greenness, and profitability in a competitive manufacturing environment and compares outcomes across the models. Numerical simulations validate the findings, revealing that higher levels of manufacturer risk aversion lead to reduced wholesale prices, retail prices, and product greenness, which hinder the achievement of sustainability goals. Profitability and product greenness are lower under the risk aversion model compared to the rational behavior model. Under conditions of weak market competition, cost-sharing contracts effectively enhance profitability for both manufacturers and retailers while fostering collaboration to improve sustainable green practices within the supply chain. These findings provide actionable insights for green supply chain enterprises and contribute to the theoretical foundation of green supply chain research, particularly in contexts involving manufacturer competition and risk aversion. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green Supply Chain and Sustainable Development)

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24 pages, 743 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Pathways of the Digital Economy’s Impact on Green Total Factor Productivity in the Construction Industry

by Zhijiang Li and Decai Tang

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11283; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411283 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 248

Abstract

The rapid development of the digital economy (DE) has provided innovative solutions for the transformation and upgrade of the construction industry. Leveraging technologies such as intelligent management, the Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence effectively enhances the construction industry’s green total factor productivity [...] Read more.

The rapid development of the digital economy (DE) has provided innovative solutions for the transformation and upgrade of the construction industry. Leveraging technologies such as intelligent management, the Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence effectively enhances the construction industry’s green total factor productivity (GTFP). Based on data from 30 Chinese provinces spanning 2012 to 2022, this paper systematically investigates the mechanisms through which the DE influences the GTFP of the construction industry from multiple dimensions, including direct effects, indirect effects, and threshold effects. The findings reveal that the DE significantly promotes the improvement of GTFP in the construction industry. The DE indirectly enhances GTFP through technological innovation and environmental regulation, with the mediating effect of technological innovation being more pronounced. Urbanization exhibits a significant single-threshold effect in moderating the relationship between the DE and GTFP, with the impact of the DE on GTFP following a “U-shaped” trajectory. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Technologies and Digital Design in Smart Construction)

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16 pages, 10339 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Exploring the Application Method of Bamboo Powder in Promoting the Development of Sustainable Outdoor Furniture

by Yafei Fan, Ziqian Zhu, Jiacheng Luan and Yi Liu

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11282; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411282 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 290

Abstract

With the depletion of fossil fuels, more and more green products are appearing in daily necessities. Bamboo is a common sustainable biomaterial with the characteristics of fast growth, easy bending, low cost, and easy processing, and it is widely used in furniture design. [...] Read more.

With the depletion of fossil fuels, more and more green products are appearing in daily necessities. Bamboo is a common sustainable biomaterial with the characteristics of fast growth, easy bending, low cost, and easy processing, and it is widely used in furniture design. However, the poor aging resistance and UV resistance of natural bamboo materials limit their application in outdoor furniture. In order to improve the service life of outdoor bamboo furniture, this study prepared bamboo boards from bamboo powder and utilized them in the design of outdoor furniture. The research was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, functional modification was carried out on the surface of bamboo fibers (BF). Epoxy resin and UV absorber ZnO were introduced into the bamboo powder matrix, and a three-dimensional network structure of bamboo powder-based polymer material was formed by adjusting the material ratio and reaction conditions. With the increase of ZnO content, the absorption of moisture by the bamboo powder-based polymer materials decreased. The compressive strength of 1.5%ZnO-Board reached 36.8 MPa, exceeding the compressive strength of C30 concrete. In the second stage, 1.5% ZnO-Board was selected for solidification and demolding, and used as the seat surface for outdoor chairs. Through the car crushing experiment, the chair panel did not undergo significant deformation during the car crushing process. The anti-aging experiment showed that the structure and morphology of the panel would not be damaged by long-term UV irradiation. The panel did not show any weight changes in the anti-water-absorption experiment. By using low-contrast color combinations, the seats can be organically integrated into the environmental background, effectively enhancing the coordination and unity of the overall aesthetic harmony of the space. Compared with the commonly used plastic outdoor seats, the outdoor seats prepared in this study showed a 144% increase in carbon reduction effect. This study highlights the potential of modified bamboo powder for the design of outdoor furniture, which is of great significance to reducing outdoor plastic products and promoting sustainable life. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Materials Research and Technology: Utilizing Waste as a Resource in the Production of a New Generation of Green Materials)

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28 pages, 3391 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Spatiotemporal Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Unicorn Companies and Gazelle Companies in Jiangsu Province

by Xueyu Li, Lei Ye and Huangwei Chen

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11281; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411281 - 23 Dec 2024

Viewed by 209

Abstract

In recent years, Jiangsu Province has increasingly prioritized the coordinated regional development of innovation. Unicorn and gazelle companies, characterized by technological or business model innovation, serve as significant indicators of regional innovation capacity. Therefore, this study uses unicorn and gazelle companies recognized between [...] Read more.

In recent years, Jiangsu Province has increasingly prioritized the coordinated regional development of innovation. Unicorn and gazelle companies, characterized by technological or business model innovation, serve as significant indicators of regional innovation capacity. Therefore, this study uses unicorn and gazelle companies recognized between 2020 and 2022 in Jiangsu Province as samples, employing ArcGIS and geographical detectors to investigate the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of these companies, and to propose optimization strategies, with the aim of assessing the innovation landscape of Jiangsu Province. The key findings and conclusions are as follows: (1) over the past three years, the average nearest-neighbor distance decreased from 10.491 km to 1.706 km, indicating a significant spatial agglomeration; the peak core density of business clusters increased substantially, reflecting the growth in the number of companies as clustering deepened. (2) Unicorns and gazelles exhibit clear clustering characteristics. The standard deviation ellipse of unicorns is centered around Suzhou, while gazelles display a continuous distribution pattern in Southern and Central Jiangsu. (3) Geographical detector analysis reveals that the level of urban technological innovation is the most influential factor, with key determinants of distribution including total retail sales and patent grants. (4) To foster the development of unicorn and gazelle companies in Jiangsu, the government should focus on enhancing regional innovation capacity, ensuring the sustainable nurturing of innovative firms, and promoting the catalytic development of surrounding areas through core cities. Full article

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