Sanjak of Ioannina

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Sanjak of Ioannina
Sanjak of the Ottoman Empire
1430–1913
Flag of the Ottoman Empire.svg
Flag
Sanjak of Janina (c.1900).svg
Sanjak of Ioannina, Ottoman Balkans (late 19th century)
Capital Ioannina
Area
  Coordinates 39°40′N20°51′E / 39.66°N 20.85°E / 39.66; 20.85
History 
 Ottoman capture of Ioannina
1430
1913
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Coat of arms of Carlo I Tocco in Arta.svg Despotate of Epirus
Kingdom of Greece Kingdom of Greece Flag.svg
Principality of Albania Albania 1914 Flag.svg
Today part of Albania
Greece

The Sanjak of Ioannina (variously also Janina or Yanina, Ottoman Turkish : Sanjak-i Yanya) was a sanjak (second-level province) of the Ottoman Empire whose capital was Ioannina in Epirus.

Contents

Administration

The Sanjak of Ioannina consisted of the following kazas: the central kaza of Ioannina, Aydonat (modern-day Paramythia in Greece), Filat (modern-day Filiates in Greece), Megva (modern-day Metsovo), Leshovik (modern-day Leskovik in Albania), Konice (modern-day Konitsa), Pogon (modern-day Pogon/Pogoni on the present Greek-Albanian border), and Permedi (modern-day Përmet in Albania). [1] [2]

Ottoman Greece with the Sanjak of Ioannina in the early 19th century SDUK - Turkey II. Containing the Northern Part of Greece.jpg
Ottoman Greece with the Sanjak of Ioannina in the early 19th century

From 1430 to 1670 the sanjak of Janina was part of Rumelia Eyalet. [3] From 1670 to 1787 the Sanjak of Ioannina was part of the Ioannina Eyalet.[ citation needed ] In 1788 Ali Pasha gained control of Ioannina and merged it with Sanjak of Trikala into the Pashalik of Yanina. [4] Ali Pasha was killed in 1822. In 1834 Mahmood Hamdi pasha was appointed to govern the Sanjak of Delvina, Ioannina and Avlona. [5] In 1867 the Sanjak of Ioannina was merged with Berat, Gjirokastër, Preveza and Kastoria into the Vilayet of Ioannina. Kesriye was later demoted to kaza and bounded to Monastir Vilayet.

During the reign of Bayazid II (1481–1512) the sanjakbey of Ioannina was Dâvud Pasha-zâde Mustafa Bey. [6]

At the elections of 1908 the region elected two representatives for the Ottoman parliament, both of them Greeks: Dimitraki Kingos Efendi and Konstantin Surla Efendi. [7]

The area was occupied by Greek troops during the First Balkan War, and was ceded to Greece in the London peace conference in 1913.

Demography

From 1520 to 1538, according to the Ottoman census, the Sanjak of Ioannina was populated with 32,097 Christian families and 613 Muslim families. [8]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ali Pasha of Ioannina</span> Albanian ruler (1740–1822)

Ali Pasha, or Ali Pasha of Tepelena, commonly known as Ali Pasha of Ioannina, was an Albanian ruler who served as Ottoman pasha of the Pashalik of Yanina, a large part of western Rumelia. Under his rule, it acquired a high degree of autonomy and even managed to stay de facto independent. The capital of the Pashalik was Ioannina, which, along with Tepelena, was Ali's headquarters.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Administrative divisions of the Ottoman Empire</span> Administrative divisions of the state organisation of the Ottoman Empire

The administrative divisions of the Ottoman Empire were administrative divisions of the state organisation of the Ottoman Empire. Outside this system were various types of vassal and tributary states.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Metsovo</span> Municipality in Greece

Metsovo is a town in Epirus, in the mountains of Pindus in northern Greece, between Ioannina to the west and Meteora to the east.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Konitsa</span> Municipality in Greece

Konitsa is a town of Ioannina in Epirus, Greece. It is located north of the capital Ioannina and near the Albanian border. Konitsa lies northeast of a group of villages known as the Zagorochoria. The town was built amphitheatrically-shaped on a mountain slope of the Pindos mountain range from where it overlooks the valley where the river Aoos meets the river Voidomatis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chameria</span> Historical region

Chameria is a term used today mostly by Albanians to refer to parts of the coastal region of Epirus in southern Albania and Greece, traditionally associated with the Albanian ethnic subgroup of the Chams. For a brief period (1909-1912), three kazas were combined by the Ottomans into an administrative district called Çamlak sancak. During the interwar period, the toponym was in common use and the official name of the area above the Acheron river in all Greek state documents. Today it is obsolete in Greek, surviving in some old folk songs. Most of what is called Chameria is divided between parts of the Greek regional units of Thesprotia, Preveza, and Ioannina ; and the municipality of Konispol at the southernmost extremity of Albania. Apart from geographic and ethnographic usages, in contemporary times within Albania the toponym has also acquired irredentist connotations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paramythia</span> Municipal unit in Greece

Paramythia is a town and a former municipality in Thesprotia, Epirus, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Souli, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 342.197 km2. The town's population is 2,608 as of the 2021 census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Filiates</span> Municipality in Greece

Filiates is a town and a municipality in Thesprotia, Greece. It is located in the northernmost part of the regional unit, bordering western Ioannina regional unit and southern Albania.

Pogon, is a former commune in the Gjirokastër County, southern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Dropull. The population at the 2011 census was 432. It consists of seven villages which are mostly Greek speaking: Poliçan; Skore; Hllomo; Sopik; Mavrojer; Çatistë and Selckë of which Poliçan is the administrative center. The administrative unit of Pogon is inhabited by ethnic Greeks.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leskovik</span> Town in Korçë, Albania

Leskovik is a town in Korçë County, in southeastern Albania. Historically, until 2015, it was a municipality, after which it became a subdivision of Kolonjë. The town is located close to the Greek-Albanian border. The population at the 2011 census was estimated as being 1,525.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pashalik of Yanina</span> Autonomous province of the Ottoman Empire

The Pashalik of Yanina, sometimes referred to as the Pashalik of Ioannina or Pashalik of Janina, was an autonomous pashalik within the Ottoman Empire between 1787 and 1822 covering large areas of Albania, Greece, and North Macedonia. Under the Ottoman Albanian ruler Ali Pasha, the pashalik acquired a high degree of autonomy and even managed to stay de facto independent, though this was never officially recognized by the Ottoman Empire. Conceiving his territory in increasingly independent terms, Ali Pasha's correspondence and foreign Western correspondence frequently refer to the territories under Ali's control as Albania.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Janina vilayet</span> Province of the Ottoman Empire from 1867 to 1912

The Vilayet of Janina, Yanya or Ioannina was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire, established in 1867. In the late 19th century, it reportedly had an area of 18,320 square kilometres (7,070 sq mi). It was created by merging the Pashalik of Yanina and the Pashalik of Berat with the sanjaks of Janina, Berat, Ergiri, Preveze, Tırhala and Kesriye. Kesriye was later demoted to kaza and bounded to Monastir Vilayet and Tırhala was given to Greece in 1881.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ioannina Eyalet</span> Administrative division of the Ottoman Empire

The Ioannina Eyalet was an administrative territorial entity of the Ottoman Empire located in the territory of present-day southern Albania, central and northern Greece. It was formed in 1670 and its administrative centre was Ioannina. During the period 1788–1822, Ali Pasha seized control over Ioannina and after enlisting most of the local brigands under his own banner took advantage of a weak Ottoman government to gain control over the Ioannina Eyalet and most of Albania and continental Greece, transforming it into the semi-autonomous Pashalik of Yanina. After he was killed in 1822 the Ottoman Empire reestablished the Ioannina Eyalet which existed until establishment of the Janina Vilayet in 1867.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rumelia Eyalet</span> 1365–1867 Ottoman province in the Balkans

The Eyalet of Rumeli, or Eyalet ofRumelia, known as the Beylerbeylik of Rumeli until 1591, was a first-level province of the Ottoman Empire encompassing most of the Balkans ("Rumelia"). For most of its history, it was the largest and most important province of the Empire, containing key cities such as Edirne, Yanina (Ioannina), Sofia, Filibe (Plovdiv), Manastır/Monastir (Bitola), Üsküp (Skopje), and the major seaport of Selânik/Salonica (Thessaloniki). It was also among the oldest Ottoman eyalets, lasting more than 500 years with several territorial restructurings over the long course of its existence.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sanjak of Dibra</span> Region in the Ottoman Empire

The Sanjak of Dibra, Debar, or Dibër was one of the sanjaks of the Ottoman Empire. Its capital was Debar, Macedonia. Today, the western part of its territory belongs to Albania and the eastern part to North Macedonia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sanjak of Delvina</span> Ottoman administrative unit between the 16th and 20th century

The Sanjak of Delvina was one of the sanjaks of the Ottoman Empire which county town was Delvinë but during the 18th century became Gjirokastër, Albania. It was created in the mid-16th century, came under the control of the Pashalik of Yanina during 1785−1822, and was disestablished after the Balkan Wars in 1913. It was divided between Albania Albania and Greece in 1913.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sanjak of Avlona</span> Ottoman administrative unit between the 15th and 20th century

The Sanjak of Avlona was one of the sanjaks of the Ottoman Empire whose county town was Berat in Albania. It was established in 1466, after the construction of the Elbasan Castle of the territory that belonged to the preceding Ottoman sanjak, Sanjak of Albania.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sanjak of Tirhala</span>

The Sanjak of Tirhala or Trikala was second-level Ottoman province encompassing the region of Thessaly. Its name derives from the Turkish version of the name of the town of Trikala. It was established after the conquest of Thessaly by the Ottomans led by Turahan Bey, a process which began at the end of the 14th century and ended in the mid-15th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sanjak of Preveza</span> Former province of Epirus

The Sanjak of Preveza, also once known as the Liva of Preveza, was a sanjak of the Ottoman Empire named for its capital at Preveza in southern Epirus, now part of northwestern Greece. The sanjak existed from its formation in 1863 until its conquest in the First Balkan War and reorganization in 1915 as the Preveza Prefecture of the Kingdom of Greece.

The Sanjak of Kavala was a second-level Ottoman province encompassing the region around the port town of Kavala in eastern Macedonia.

Veli Pasha was an Ottoman Albanian ruler and the second born of Ali Pasha of Ioannina of the increasingly independent Pashalik of Yanina. As an Ottoman commander, he is known for his participation in military actions against the Souliotes, the Septinsular Republic, and the Serbian rebels. He was appointed governor of the Sanjak of Tirhala in 1787, and became Pasha of the Morea Eyalet in 1807.

References

  1. H. Karpat, Kemal (1985). Ottoman population, 1830-1914: demographic and social characteristics. p. 146. Retrieved 22 September 2011.
  2. Motika, Raoul (1995). Türkische Wirtschafts- und Sozialgeschichte (1071-1920). Harrassowitz. p. 297. ISBN   9783447036832 . Retrieved 22 September 2011. Sancaks Yanya (Kazas: Yanya, Aydonat (Paramythia), Filat (Philiates), Meçova (Metsovo), Leskovik (war kurzzeitig Sancak) und Koniçe (Konitsa)
  3. Haim, Abraham (1991). חברה וקהילה. משגב ירושלים, המכון לחקר מורשת יהדות ספרד והמזרח. p. 31. ISBN   9789652960177 . Retrieved 22 September 2011. large districts and sanjaks in Rumeli: Jannina Naupaktos Egripoz (Euboea) Sanjak of Jannina ...
  4. The biographical Dictionary of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, Volume 2, Issue 1. UK. 1843. p. 141. Retrieved 22 September 2011. To reward his services he was appointed Pasha of Trikala... At the close of the year 1788 he succeeded in obtaining the Sanjak of Janina
  5. sir Grenville Temple Temple (10th bart.) (1836). Excursions in the Mediterranean. p. 277. Retrieved 23 July 2013. Mahmood Hamdi pasha confirmed to the sanjaks of Yanina, Delvina, and Avlonia{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  6. Prilozi za Orijentalnu Filologiju. 1962. p. 339. Retrieved 20 September 2011. Poznato nam je da je u doba Bajazita II njen sandžak-beg bio Davudpašazade Mustafa-beg
  7. Öztürk, Kâzım (1997). Türk parlamento tarihi : TBMM - III. dönem, 1927 - 1931. Ankara: Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi Vakfı. ISBN   978-975-7291-00-8.
  8. A. Mikropoulos, Tassos (2008). Elevating and Safeguarding Culture Using Tools of the Information Society. Ioannina: University of Ioannina. p. 310. ISBN   978-960-233-187-3 . Retrieved 20 September 2011.

Further reading