Marble Hill, Manhattan

Last updated

Marble Hill
Neighborhood
Marble Hill, Manhattan.jpg
An overview of Marble Hill seen from the west with John F. Kennedy High School (foreground) and the rest of Marble Hill (center) bound by the Harlem River (on right, the site of the Harlem Ship Canal), and The Bronx (background)
Marble Hill, Manhattan
Coordinates: 40°52′34″N73°54′36″W / 40.876°N 73.91°W / 40.876; -73.91
Country Flag of the United States.svg  United States
State Flag of New York.svg  New York
City New York City
Borough Manhattan
Community District Bronx 8 [1]
Founded1891
Named for Local deposits of dolomitic marble quarried for federal buildings in lower Manhattan when New York was the capital of the United States in the 1780s.
Area
[2]
 • Total0.38 km2 (0.145 sq mi)
Population
 (2010) [2] [3]
 • Total9,481
 • Density25,000/km2 (65,000/sq mi)
Economics
[2] [3]
 •  Median income $44,096
ZIP Code
10463
Area code 718/347/929, and 917
Website www.marblehillalliance.com

Marble Hill is the northernmost neighborhood in the New York City borough of Manhattan. Although once part of Manhattan Island, it has been cut off from the island since 1817. The Bronx surrounds the neighborhood to the west, north, and east, while the Harlem River is its southern border.

Contents

The area of Marble Hill became a Dutch colonial settlement in 1646. It served as a crossing point to the mainland when the colonial British had the King's Bridge constructed in 1693 to span the Spuyten Duyvil Creek. It gained its current name in 1891 from the Tuckahoe marble deposits discovered underneath the neighborhood.

Marble Hill was once the northernmost tip of the island of Manhattan. [4] [5] [6] The Spuyten Duyvil Creek flowed around the neighborhood to the north, separating Marble Hill from the Bronx, and by extension, the North American mainland. Marble Hill became an island in 1817, when two small streams were dug up to form a narrow canal. The waterway ran from the Spuyten Duyvil Creek to the Harlem River. [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]

The mill canal was expanded in 1895 to become the Harlem River Ship Canal. The new channel, constructed at the direction of the federal government, was 400 feet (120 m) wide and at least 15 feet (4.6 m) deep at its completion. Marble Hill remained an island until it was physically connected to the Bronx in 1913, when the old northern bend of the Spuyten Duyvil Creek was filled in. [4] [6]

The boundaries of the neighborhood are approximately between Terrace View Avenue and Johnson Avenue to the west, between 228th Street and 230th Street to the north, and cutting through the Marble Hill Houses and River Plaza Shopping Center to the east. [10] It is connected to the rest of Manhattan by the Broadway Bridge. [11]

Because of this change in topography, Marble Hill is often associated with the Bronx and is part of Bronx Community District 8. [1] In addition, Marble Hill has a Bronx ZIP Code of 10463, [12] and is served by the New York City Police Department's 50th Precinct, headquartered in the Bronx. [13] Unlike the rest of Manhattan, it carries the Bronx area codes 718, 347, and 929, which are overlaid by the citywide area code 917.

History

Colonial era

Marble Hill has been occupied since the Dutch colonial period. On August 18, 1646, Governor Willem Kieft, the Dutch Director of New Netherland, signed a land grant to Mattius Jansen van Keulan and Huyck Aertsen which included the whole of the present community. Johannes Verveelen petitioned the Harlem authorities to move his ferry from what is now the East River and 125th Street to Spuyten Duyvil Creek because the creek was shallow enough to wade across, thus providing a means of evading the toll. The ferry charter was granted in 1667. Many settlers circumvented the toll for the ferry by crossing the creek from northern Marble Hill to modern Kingsbridge, Bronx, a point where it was feasible to wade or swim through the waters. [14] [15] In 1669 Verveelen transplanted his ferry to the northern tip of Marble Hill, at today's Broadway and West 231st Street. [15] [16]

Bridges

Two bridges connected Marble Hill with the mainland: the King's Bridge [17] [18] [19] and the Dyckman Free Bridge. [15] [19] In 1693 Frederick Philipse, a Frisian-born merchant who had sworn allegiance to the Crown upon the British takeover of Dutch New Netherlands in 1664, built the King's Bridge at Marble Hill near what is now West 230th Street in the Bronx. [17] [18] [20] A prominent trader in New Amsterdam, Philipse had purchased vast landholdings in what was then Westchester County during the 1670s and 1680s. [17] Granted the title Lord of Philipse Manor, he established a plantation and provisioning depot for his shipping business upriver on the Hudson in present-day Sleepy Hollow. His toll bridge provided access and opened his land to settlement. Later, it carried the Boston Post Road. [17] [18]

Original course of Spuyten Duyvil Creek and location of King's Bridge and Marble Hill area Detail of Battle Of Fort Washington Map By Sauthier.jpg
Original course of Spuyten Duyvil Creek and location of King's Bridge and Marble Hill area

In 1758, the Free Bridge was erected by Jacob Dyckman and Benjamin Palmer. [15] It opened on January 1, 1759. [14] [21] Its purpose was to serve the farmers who refused to pay the toll. [18] Stagecoach service was later established across the span. [17] [20] The new bridge proceeded to take much of the traffic away from the King's Bridge. [14] [21]

One of the local visiting spots during this period was a tavern operated by the Dyckman family, which also owned the Dyckman House. The tavern was situated to cater to the traffic from both bridges. In 1772 the Dyckmans sold the tavern to Caleb Hyatt, known afterwards as Hyatt's Tavern at the Free Bridge. [22] The Dyckmans used the proceeds to finance a new operation on the west side of Broadway and 226th Street that was to be managed by Benjamin Palmer, who owned property on City Island.

American Revolution

St Stephen's United Methodist Church St Stephens U Meth MH jeh.JPG
St Stephen's United Methodist Church

When hostilities broke out at the start of the American Revolution, the Continental Army constructed a fort on Marble Hill as part of a series of forts to defend the area. By November 1776, the fort had been taken over by Hessian forces and renamed Fort Prince Charles in honor of Charles, Duke of Brunswick, brother-in-law to George III. Despite contrary beliefs, the King's Bridge and the Dyckman Free Bridge served as escape routes for the retreating American forces after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16, 1776. The latter of these bridges was destroyed during the war. [15] In January 1777, an American attack was made in the Marble Hill area against the Hessian occupiers. This particular raid was under the command of General William Heath, which, when the cannons opened up, forced the Hessians to retreat from the tavern to the fort to return fire.

Hyatt's Tavern remained in the Hyatt family until 1807, when it was leased to James Devoe. The building was eventually razed, succeeded by the Kingsbridge Hotel on the east side of Broadway at 226th Street. [22] The hotel had a mansard roof and a central turret. It catered to the anglers and sportsman who came to the area either by the Hudson River Railroad Company or boat service up the Harlem River. One of the meals served at the hotel was turtle dinner, which became a favorite of the guests. [22] The hotel's business declined when Broadway was widened and interest was lost in the community. The hotel eventually fell into disrepair and was torn down in 1917. [22]

Philipse Manor was forfeited to the state legislature after the war. Afterward, the King's Bridge was free. [14] [17] In 1817, Curtis and John Bolton purchased land in the area, laying a road called Bolton Road. [23] Their home was on the south side of the community and included a marble mill. [24]

The name of Marble Hill was conceived when Darius C. Crosby came up with the name in 1891 from the 100-to-500-foot-deep (30 to 152 m) [25] deposits of dolomite marble underlying it, a relatively soft rock that crops out in Inwood and Marble Hill, known as Inwood marble. The marble was quarried for the federal buildings in lower Manhattan when New York was the capital of the United States in the 1780s. [26]

Saint Stephen's United Methodist Church, a community fixture since its 1898 construction, is located at 228th Street and Marble Hill Avenue. [27] It is the third structure of the same name, as well as one of the oldest remaining buildings in Marble Hill. The congregation was founded on Mosholu Parkway in 1826 and was incorporated a decade later, making it one of the earliest religious institutions in the area. It moved to another structure in Riverdale in 1876. [28] The church building was restored in the 1950s, and again in 2010. [27] One of its corners, the one closest to the intersection, has a tall bell tower. There are circular stained glass windows facing both streets. Inside is an Akron Plan-inspired setup with balconies and an auditorium that is laid out like an amphitheater. [27] One of the pastors of St. Stephen's was Reverend William Tieck, who served the church from 1946 to 1977. Tieck was the official Bronx County historian from 1989 to 1996, authoring several books about the Bronx. [18] [29]

Separation from Manhattan Island

Marble Hill (highlighted in pink) in an 1896 map Bronx transit and landmarks in 1896 (NY Times) - re-tinted Marble Hill detail.png
Marble Hill (highlighted in pink) in an 1896 map

Marble Hill once unmistakably belonged to Manhattan, forming the island's northernmost tip. [4] [5] [6] The Spuyten Duyvil Creek flowed to the neighborhood's north, connecting the Hudson and Harlem Rivers. The creek separated Marble Hill from the Bronx, and by extension, the North American mainland. Marble Hill became an island in its own right in 1817, when two small streams were dug up to form a 30-foot-wide canal. This waterway ran 1500 feet east–west from the Spuyten Duyvil Creek to the Harlem River at approximately 222nd Street, cutting off Marble Hill from Manhattan Island. Known at different times as Dyckman's Canal, Boltons’ Canal, or Nichols’ Canal, the waterway once powered Curtis and John Bolton's marble mill, which sat alongside it. [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]

After an increase in ship traffic in the 1890s, the United States Army Corps of Engineers determined that a wide canal was needed for a shipping route between the Hudson and Harlem rivers. Such a canal had been proposed since the early 19th century. [20] [30]

Construction of such a waterway, the Harlem River Ship Channel, [31] finally started in January 1888. [32] [33] The canal was to be 400 feet (120 m) in width and had a depth of 15 feet (4.6 m) to 18 feet (5.5 m). It would be cut directly through the rock of Dyckman's Meadow, making a straight course to the Hudson River. [17] [32]

The first section of the canal, the cut at Marble Hill, was completed in 1895 and opened on June 17 of that year. [15] [34] [35] Several festivities including parades were held to commemorate the occasion. [35] [36] This rendered Marble Hill an island bounded by the canal to the south and the original course of the Harlem River to the north. [37] The Greater New York Charter of 1897 designated Marble Hill as part of the Borough of Manhattan. [38] A bridge opened over the former Marble Hill alignment of the creek in 1900, carrying Broadway. The bridge's superstructure was demolished shortly afterward, with the construction of the IRT subway above Broadway in 1904. [39]

1908 map of the Spuyten Duyvil Creek separating Marble Hill from the Bronx mainland. Detail of Spuyten Duyvil Creek - Rapid transit map of Manhattan and adjacent districts of New York City.jpg
1908 map of the Spuyten Duyvil Creek separating Marble Hill from the Bronx mainland.

Marble Hill remained an island for years until it was physically connected to the Bronx in 1913, when the old Spuyten Duyvil Creek was filled in with rocks that were removed to build Grand Central Terminal in central Manhattan. [4] [6] [40] [41] [42] Both the King's and Dyckman Free Bridges were covered over with landfill. [19] The bridge carrying Broadway over the former alignment of the creek at 230th Street was destroyed in the late 1920s. [39] At 210 West 230th Street, at the southwest corner with Broadway, is a plaque designating the area as the site of the King's Bridge. The site of the Dyckman Free Bridge is located on the grounds of today's Marble Hill Houses. [18]

On January 1, 1914, following passage of an act of the New York State Legislature, Bronx County was created, but Marble Hill remained part of New York County. [43] [44]

Character

Housing

Six-story apartment houses were constructed in the 20th century, and in the early 1950s urban renewal came to the area. A complex was built bounded by Broadway, Exterior Street and 225th Street and was called the Marble Hill Houses. This property was acquired by New York City on August 26, 1948. The houses were completed in 1952. [45] Part of the acquisition became the Marble Hill Playground, which is located on Marble Hill Avenue between 228th and 230th Streets. [45] Despite the name, only seven of the 11 towers are actually in Marble Hill; the other four are in Kingsbridge. [40]

Out of Marble Hill's 4,000 households, only 135 lived in private houses as of 1995, [38] down from 138 such households in 1989. [46] The majority of Marble Hill's 9,481 residents (as of the 2010 United States Census) [2] [3] live in the Marble Hill Houses. [40] There are also Art Deco apartment buildings lining some streets. These buildings even boast one pedestrian alley, Marble Hill Lane, in a manner similar to in Inwood and surrounding Bronx neighborhoods. [18]

Private residences in Marble Hill include detached single- and two-story houses. [40] It is not uncommon to see a detached house next to a multilevel apartment building in Marble Hill. [18] The neighborhood is described as cozy, with neighbors watching out for one another, and a sense of "community spirit." [40] The blocks of Marble Hill with these single-story houses were described as a "well-kept secret": relatively cheap, with ample space and a backyard. In 1995 one reporter wrote of these houses, "Where else in Manhattan can you find a six-bedroom, three-story house on a quiet, tree-lined street with an attic, a basement, an enclosed front porch and a pretty facade for sale for $174,000? Or a three-family house with six bedrooms on an architecturally magnificent street with an asking price of $295,000?" [38]

Street naming

Many of the neighborhood's streets were named for Dutch settlers to Marble Hill. For instance, Teunissen Place, a dead-end alley off Terrace View Avenue to the neighborhood's west, is named after Tobias Teunissen, a wool washer from Leyden, Holland, who came to the area in 1636. [18] He applied for and received a land grant to live in Inwood near 213th Street. Occasionally he had worked on the De La Montagne farm, which was in what is now the Harlem section of Manhattan. [47] : 98  Teunissen was killed in an Indian raid in 1655, and his wife and child were held hostage until they were ransomed by the Dutch authorities. [18] The Dyckmans and the Nagles, who owned land in Inwood, purchased the Teunissen property in 1677. [48] : 356 

Adrian Avenue is named after Adriaen van der Donck, an early lawyer in New Amsterdam. With permission, he bought a strip of land from local Native American tribes in 1646. This land stretched from Spuyten Duyvil to present-day Yonkers along the Hudson coastline. [18]

Van Corlear Place, which comprises half of a U-shaped street curving around Marble Hill, has detached one- and two-family homes in addition to a few brick townhouses. It was named after Anthony Van Corlaer, a messenger of New Amsterdam Governor-General Peter Stuyvesant who was sent to the mainland Bronx for backup soldiers following reports of attempts by British forces to seize New Amsterdam. [18] In Washington Irving's book A History of New York , van Corlaer is said to have drowned while crossing Spuyten Duyvil Creek. [49] The street's name is misspelled. [18]

Jacobus Place, the other half of the U-shape that includes Van Corlear Place, has both a large brick apartment building and freestanding private houses with diverse designs. It is named after Jacob (Jacobus) Dyckman, [18] the owner of the Dyckman Tavern and a sponsor of the Dyckman Free Bridge. [15]

Fort Charles Place remains as a token of the Hessian-named Fort Prince Charles. [50]

Shopping mall

The skyline of Manhattan seen from River Plaza View of Manhattan Skyline from River Plaza Marble Hill.jpg
The skyline of Manhattan seen from River Plaza

River Plaza, a shopping mall located on 40 West 225th Street between Broadway and Exterior Street and overlooking the Harlem River, opened in August 2004. It is the commercial center for Marble Hill. It cost $90 million and has a floor area of 235,000 sq ft (21,800 m2). The mall, which has an open-air format in which the passageways between stores are outdoors, has a 640-space parking lot on the roof. In 2002, before construction, developers purchased adjacent land from six owners, with the largest building on these lots being a deteriorating, 3+1⁄2-floor, 326,000 sq ft (30,300 m2) warehouse owned by NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital. Since the building could not be renovated cheaply enough, it was demolished. The mall was built on a foundation of soft soil and a shallow water table, so builders had to place 1,500 concrete-capped steel piles into the soil. The finished building was designed to retain views of landmarks like the George Washington Bridge and the Empire State Building. [51]

Demographics

For census purposes, the New York City government classifies Marble Hill as part of a larger neighborhood tabulation area encompassing Inwood and Marble Hill. [52] Based on data from the 2010 United States Census, the population of Inwood and Marble Hill was 46,746, a change of -2,341 (-5%) from the 49,087 counted in 2000. Covering an area of 405.79 acres (164.22 ha), the neighborhood had a population density of 115.2 inhabitants per acre (73,700/sq mi; 28,500/km2). [53] The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 15.1% (7,060) White, 9.1% (4,239) African American, 0.1% (64) Native American, 1.9% (884) Asian, 0% (5) Pacific Islander, 0.4% (179) from other races, and 1% (458) from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 72.4% (33,857) of the population. [54]

The racial composition of Marble Hill and Inwood changed moderately from 2000 to 2010, with the most significant changes being the Black population's decrease by 13% (661) and the Hispanic / Latino population's decrease by 5% (1,880). Meanwhile, the White population grew by 5% (335) and remained a minority, as with the Asian population which grew by 11% (86); the small population of all other races decreased by 24% (221). [55]

The entirety of Bronx Community District 8, which comprises Marble Hill as well as Kingsbridge, Riverdale, Spuyten Duyvil, Fieldston, and Van Cortlandt Village, had 102,927 inhabitants as of NYC Health's 2018 Community Health Profile, with an average life expectancy of 80.9 years. [56] : 2, 20  This is about the slightly lower than the median life expectancy of 81.2 for all New York City neighborhoods. [57] : 53 (PDF p. 84)  Most inhabitants are children and middle-aged adults: 28% are between the ages of 25–44, while 25% are between 45 and 64, and 20% are between 0–17. The proportion of college-aged and elderly residents was lower, at 9% and 18% respectively. [56] : 2 

As of 2019, the median household income in Bronx Community District 8 was $47,000 compared to $53,000 in the entire city. In 2019, an estimated 15% of residents lived in poverty, compared to 25% in all of the Bronx and 20% in all of New York City. One in eleven residents (9%) were unemployed, compared to 13% in the Bronx and 9% in New York City. Rent burden, or the percentage of residents who have difficulty paying their rent, is 52% in Community District 8, compared to the boroughwide and citywide rates of 58% and 51% respectively. Based on this calculation, as of 2018, Community District 8 is not considered to be gentrifying: according to the Community Health Profile, the district was not low-income in 1990. [56] : 7 

Police and crime

Marble Hill is patrolled by the 50th Precinct of the NYPD in the Bronx, located at 3450 Kingsbridge Avenue. [13] The 50th Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 69.9% between 1990 and 2022. The precinct reported three murders, 22 rapes, 185 robberies, 213 felony assaults, 126 burglaries, 695 grand larcenies, and 288 grand larcenies auto in 2022. [58]

As of 2018, Bronx Community District 8 has a non-fatal assault hospitalization rate of 40 per 100,000 people, compared to the Bronx's rate of 113 per 100,000 and the citywide rate of 59 per 100,000. Its incarceration rate is 225 per 100,000 people, compared to the Bronx's rate of 670 per 100,000 and the citywide rate of 425 per 100,000. [56] : 8 

Of the five major violent felonies (murder, rape, felony assault, robbery, and burglary), the 50th Precinct had a rate of 363 crimes per 100,000 residents in 2019, compared to the Bronx's average of 851 crimes per 100,000 and the citywide average of 572 crimes per 100,000. [59] [60] [61]

In 2019, the highest concentration of felony assaults in Marble Hill was on Broadway between 225th Street and 228th Street, where there were 13 felony assaults. The highest concentration of robberies was nearby, at the intersection of Broadway and 225th Street, where there were 8 robberies. [59]

Fire safety

Marble Hill is served by a New York City Fire Department (FDNY) fire station, Engine Co. 81/Ladder Co. 46, at 3025 Bailey Avenue. [62] [63]

The Marble Hill Hose Company was organized in 1895 because, at the time, there was no fire station in the neighborhood. [64] [65] FDNY horses were unable to climb the neighborhood's steep hills, so the FDNY loaned the company a hose cart; a fire engine was not required because the water pressure in the hydrants were sufficient to propel a stream of water. [64] It was the only independent fire company in Manhattan [66] after the FDNY became a paid fire department in 1865. [67] The Marble Hill Hose Company remained in service for ten years.

Education

Schools

John F. Kennedy High School in Marble Hill JFK HS MH east jeh.JPG
John F. Kennedy High School in Marble Hill

John F. Kennedy High School was built in the former riverbed on the western side of Marble Hill, and was opened in September 1972. [68] Beginning in fall 2002, smaller high schools were established within the campus. [69] Due to poor academic performance in the 2000s, as well as a series of violent crimes at the school (including the murder of a student), [70] the New York City Department of Education made a decision in fall 2010 to close the school, phasing out one grade per year until 2014. [71] It closed down in 2014, [72] [73] and six smaller, specialty high schools now occupy its campus: four public, two charter. [74] Four of these schools were founded in 2002, while the other two were established in 2011 after the decision was made to close John F. Kennedy High School. [75] The nearest public elementary school is PS 7 Milton Fein School in Kingsbridge, serving grades K–5. [46] [76]

Nearby private schools include Horace Mann School, Riverdale Country School, and Ethical Culture Fieldston School. Nearby parochial schools are Good Shepherd, in Inwood. The nearest parochial school, St. John's, in Kingsbridge was closed in 2020. [77] The Marble Hill Nursery School, in the Marble Hill Houses, is privately operated with some funding with the city. [40]

Library

The New York Public Library (NYPL) operates the Kingsbridge branch at 291 West 231st Street, which replaced a building from 1959 located across West 231st Street. [78] [79]

Transportation

Marble Hill-225th Street subway station Marble Hill-225 Street subway station platform view.jpg
Marble Hill–225th Street subway station

In 1905–1906, the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad built the Marble Hill station as a replacement for the former Kingsbridge Station used by an affiliate known as the Spuyten Duyvil and Port Morris Railroad. [80] The station was relocated from the east side of Broadway to the west side in the late-1970s and is now served by the Metro-North Railroad's Hudson Line, which provides commuter railroad service to Grand Central Terminal in midtown Manhattan, locations in the Bronx, and points north. [81] The station is at the bottom of a substantial cliff. [18] For the purpose of purchasing Combo Tickets, Metro-North considers Marble Hill to be in the Bronx. [82]

The Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT) extended their Broadway–Seventh Avenue line, now part of the New York City Subway, from 145th Street to 242nd Street in 1906. [83] As part of the construction, the IRT built a station at 225th Street. [83] That station is currently served by the 1 train. [84]

The main street through Marble Hill is Broadway, part of U.S. Route 9. [46]

Politics

The United States Census Bureau defines Marble Hill as Census Tract 309 of New York County. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 8,463 on a land area of 0.3065 km2 (0.1183 sq mi; 75.7 acres). [85] Because Marble Hill is legally part of Manhattan, residents who serve on jury duty go to the courthouses at Foley Square in lower Manhattan. [86]

Political representation

Politically, Marble Hill is in New York's 13th congressional district. [87] [88] It is in the New York State Senate's 31st district, [89] [90] the New York State Assembly's 72nd district, [91] [92] and the New York City Council's 10th district. [93] Bronx Community Board 8 is the local community board for Marble Hill. [1]

History of political dispute

On March 11, 1939, as a publicity stunt, Bronx Borough President James J. Lyons planted the Bronx County flag on the rocky promontory at 225th Street and Jacobus Place. Lyons proclaimed Marble Hill as a part of the Bronx and demanded the subservience of its residents to that borough, saying it was "The Bronx Sudetenland," referring to Hitler's 1938 annexation of the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia. The incident was met with boos and nose-thumbing by 50 residents of Marble Hill, who referred to the effort as similar to an "Anschluss". [94] [95] Since then, more lighthearted "annexations" have occurred. [96]

Residents of the neighborhood wished to remain residents of Manhattan, and petitions and signatures were gathered to be sent to Governor Herbert H. Lehman to ensure that Marble Hill remain part of Manhattan. [38] In 1984, in response to one Marble Hill resident's refusal to serve on jury duty for a murder case in Manhattan that year due to the resident claiming that she was not a resident of New York County and Manhattan, [86] New York Supreme Court justice Peter J. McQuillan ruled that Marble Hill was simultaneously part of the Borough of Manhattan (not the Borough of the Bronx) and part of Bronx County (not New York County) [97] and the matter was definitively settled later that year when the New York Legislature overwhelmingly passed legislation declaring the neighborhood part of both New York County and the Borough of Manhattan and made this clarification retroactive to 1938, as reflected on the official maps of the city. [38] [98] [99]

The confusion has been so great that when New York City Councilman Guillermo Linares was elected as Marble Hill's representative in 1991, he originally thought the neighborhood was part of the Bronx. [38]

Services

Marble Hill residents remain part of a political district that includes the northernmost areas of Manhattan (Washington Heights and Inwood), but city services – for example, the fire and police departments – come from and are in the Bronx for reasons of convenience and safety, since the only road connection to the rest of Manhattan is a lift bridge, the Broadway Bridge. [40] [100] However, medical services are provided from Manhattan Island, and medical vehicles come from Columbia University's Allen Pavilion, also known as the Allen Hospital, a satellite facility of NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital. [40]

Marble Hill, along with Spuyten Duyvil and Kingsbridge in the Bronx, is located within ZIP Code 10463. [12] The "104" prefix is used for Bronx localities, while "100" through "102" are reserved for Manhattan addresses [100] [lower-alpha 1]  – although mail can be addressed to either "New York, New York" using the USPS designator for Manhattan, or to "Bronx, New York" as long as the ZIP Code is accurate. The United States Postal Service operates the Kingsbridge Station post office at 5517 Broadway. [101]

In 1984, area code 718 was created out of area code 212 for the boroughs of Brooklyn, Queens, and Staten Island; [95] the Bronx and Marble Hill were added to the 718 area code in 1992. Marble Hill residents unsuccessfully fought to retain the 212 area code, which was considered more prestigious than the 718 area code. [38] Since then, Marble Hill has been in area code 718 (now also served by three overlay codes: 347 and 929 for the outer boroughs, and 917 for the entire city), but residents are listed in both Bronx and Manhattan telephone books. [100]

Notable people

Notable current and former residents of Marble Hill include:

Notes

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Marble Hill station is a commuter rail stop on the Metro-North Railroad's Hudson Line, serving the Marble Hill neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. The station is located at 125 West 225th Street, two blocks west of the Broadway Bridge on the north side of the Harlem River, near the New York City Subway's Marble Hill–225th Street station.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spuyten Duyvil Creek</span> Tidal estuary connecting the Hudson River to the Harlem River Ship Canal in New York City

Spuyten Duyvil Creek is a short tidal estuary in New York City connecting the Hudson River to the Harlem River Ship Canal and then on to the Harlem River. The confluence of the three water bodies separate the island of Manhattan from the Bronx and the rest of the mainland. Once a distinct, turbulent waterway between the Hudson and Harlem rivers, the creek has been subsumed by the modern ship canal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spuyten Duyvil, Bronx</span> Neighborhood of the Bronx in New York City

Spuyten Duyvil is a neighborhood of the Bronx, New York City. It is bounded on the north by Riverdale, on the east by Kingsbridge, on the south by the Harlem River, and on the west by the Hudson River, although some consider it to be the southernmost part of Riverdale.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kingsbridge, Bronx</span> Neighborhood of the Bronx in New York City

Kingsbridge is a residential neighborhood in the northwest portion of the Bronx, New York City. Kingsbridge's boundaries are Manhattan College Parkway to the north, the Major Deegan Expressway or Bailey Avenue to the east, West 230th Street to the south, and Irwin Avenue to the west.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Broadway Bridge (Manhattan)</span> Bridge in New York City

The Broadway Bridge is a vertical-lift bridge across the Harlem River Ship Canal in the borough of Manhattan in New York City. It connects the neighborhoods of Inwood on Manhattan Island and Marble Hill on the mainland. The bridge consists of two decks. The lower deck carries Broadway, which is designated as U.S. Route 9 at this location. The upper deck carries the New York City Subway's IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line, serving the 1 train.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hudson Line (Metro-North)</span> Metro-North Railroad line in New York

The Hudson Line is a commuter rail line owned and operated by the Metro-North Railroad in the U.S. state of New York. It runs north from New York City along the east shore of the Hudson River, terminating at Poughkeepsie. The line was originally the Hudson River Railroad, and eventually became the Hudson Division of the New York Central Railroad. It runs along what was the far southern leg of the Central's famed "Water Level Route" to Chicago.

Kingsbridge Heights is a residential neighborhood geographically located in the northwest Bronx, New York City. Its boundaries are Van Cortlandt Park to the north, Jerome Avenue to the east, Kingsbridge Road to the south, and the Major Deegan Expressway to the west. Sedgwick Avenue is the primary thoroughfare through Kingsbridge Heights.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">University Heights Bridge</span> Bridge in New York City

The University Heights Bridge is a steel-truss revolving swing bridge across the Harlem River in New York City. It connects West 207th Street in the Inwood neighborhood of Manhattan with West Fordham Road in the University Heights neighborhood of the Bronx. The bridge is operated and maintained by the New York City Department of Transportation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John F. Kennedy High School (New York City)</span> Public school in New York City

John F. Kennedy High School was a four-year comprehensive New York City public high school, opened in 1972 and graduating its final class in 2014. The building and associated facilities currently operates as John F. Kennedy Educational Campus, housing five public high schools and two charter high schools. The campus serves grades 9–12 and is operated by the New York City Department of Education. The campus is located at 99 Terrace View Avenue, straddling the border of the Spuyten Duyvil neighborhood of the Bronx and the Marble Hill neighborhood of Manhattan.

Van Cortlandt Village is a subsection of the Kingsbridge neighborhood in the New York City borough of the Bronx. The neighborhood is part of Bronx Community Board 8. Named after Van Cortlandt Park, it is bordered by the Major Deegan Expressway to the west, the Jerome Park Reservoir to the east, West 238th Street to the south, and Van Cortlandt Park to the north. Its ZIP Code is 10463.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manhattan Waterfront Greenway</span> Esplanade in Manhattan, New York

The Manhattan Waterfront Greenway is a waterfront greenway for walking or cycling, 32 miles (51 km) long, around the island of Manhattan, in New York City. The largest portions are operated by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation. It is separated from motor traffic, and many sections also separate pedestrians from cyclists. There are three principal parts — the East, Harlem and Hudson River Greenways.

The West Bronx is a region in the New York City borough of the Bronx. The region lies west of the Bronx River and roughly corresponds to the western half of the borough.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spuyten Duyvil and Port Morris Railroad</span> Former New York railroad company (1842–1871)

Spuyten Duyvil and Port Morris Railroad was a railroad built in what is today the West Bronx and South Bronx in New York City, United States. It ran from the junction between the West Side Line and the Hudson River Railroad near Spuyten Duyvil Creek, then along the Harlem River to the northwestern shore of the East River in what is today the Port Morris section of the Bronx.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tibbetts Brook</span> Stream in downstate New York

Tibbetts Brook, originally Tippett's Brook or Tibbitt's Brook, is a stream in the southern portion of mainland New York, flowing north to south from the city of Yonkers in Westchester County into the borough of the Bronx within New York City. Originally emptying into Spuyten Duyvil Creek as part of the Harlem River system, the stream is now partially subterranean, ending above ground at the south end of Van Cortlandt Lake within Van Cortlandt Park. There it proceeds into city sewers, draining into either the northern end of the Harlem River or the Wards Island Water Pollution Control Plant. The brook provides significant watershed to both Van Cortlandt Park at its south end and Tibbetts Brook Park at its north end. There have been modern proposals to daylight the southern portion of the brook back onto the surface.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bx7, Bx20, and M100 buses</span> Bus routes in Manhattan and The Bronx, New York

The Broadway-Kingsbridge Line is a public transit line in Manhattan, running primarily along Broadway in Upper Manhattan. Originally a streetcar line, it is now the Bx7, Bx20 and M100 bus routes, all operated by the MTA Regional Bus Operations under the New York City Transit Authority brand.

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  97. ↑ Chambers, Marcia. "Judge's Ruling Revives Dispute On Marble Hill", The New York Times , May 16, 1984. Accessed January 8, 2024. "After a painstaking legal and historical analysis, Justice Peter J. McQuillan said rather, that Marble Hill lies in both. 'The conclusion is irresistible,' he said in a 36-page opinion, that Marble Hill is situated in the Borough of Manhattan, but is not part of New York County. By statute, he said, 'it is in Bronx County.' Contrary to what the Legislature may have thought when it redefined boundary lines for Manhattan in 1938 and again in 1940, it 'dealt only with boroughs and not counties,' the judge wrote. In short, the boundaries of New York County and Manhattan are not the same, he said."
  98. ↑ "Bill Would Clarify Marble Hill's Status", The New York Times , June 27, 1984. Accessed January 8, 2024. "The Assembly voted tonight to move the Marble Hill section of the Borough of Manhattan into New York County, thereby correcting a 46-year old mistake.... A dispute over Marble Hill followed, but the matter was mostly put to rest in 1938, when the boundaries of the Borough of Manhattan were shifted to include Marble Hill.... Tonight the Assembly voted 140 to 4 and joined the Senate in moving to change that, and the measure now goes to the Governor. It would be retroactive to Jan. 1, 1938."
  99. ↑ Montesano v New York City Hous. Auth., Justia, as corrected through March 19, 2008. Accessed January 8, 2024. "Less than 10 weeks after the Boyd decision, the Legislature eliminated any doubt that the Borough of Manhattan and New York County were conterminous in this respect by specifically including Marble Hill in both the Borough of Manhattan and New York County, 'for all purposes,' retroactive to 1938 (L 1984, ch 939). The official map of the City of New York now shows that Marble Hill is located in New York County."
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  102. ↑ "Marble Hill street named after Corbitt", Runner's World . Accessed March 26, 2024. "On August 16, 228th Street at Broadway in New York City will be co-named Ted Corbitt Way, in honor of a seminal figure in modern American distance running. The street is in the Marble Hill neighborhood where Corbitt lived for much of his life."
  103. ↑ Speros, Will. "Linares hopes to build on Marble Hill credentials", Riverdale Press , January 13, 2016. Accessed January 8, 2024. "Assemblyman Guillermo Linares may have his eye on the U.S. Capitol, but he feels right at home in Marble Hill."
  104. ↑ Justin Pierce, Turner Classic Movies. Accessed January 8, 2024. "Born in London but raised in the Marble Hill section of the Bronx and in Washington Heights in Manhattan, Pierce went through a rebellious stage following his parents divorce in 1990, staying out all night, cutting school and shoplifting items like cigarettes and candy."

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