Government of Vietnam

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Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam

Chính phủ nước Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam
Emblem of Vietnam.svg
Polity type Unitary one-party socialist republic
Constitution Constitution of Vietnam (2013)
Formation2 September 1945;79 years ago (1945-09-02) (original)
2 July 1976;48 years ago (1976-07-02) (current form)
Legislative branch
Name National Assembly
Type Unicameral
Meeting placeNational Assembly Building (Dien Hong Hall) at Ba Đình District, Hanoi
Presiding officer Chairperson of the National Assembly
Executive branch
Supreme leader
Title General Secretary
Appointer Central Committee
Head of state
Title President
AppointerNational Assembly
Head of government
Title Prime Minister
AppointerNational Assembly
Cabinet
NameGovernment
AppointerPrime Minister
Headquarters Government Office at Ba Đình District, Hanoi
Judicial branch
Supreme People's Court
SeatSupreme People's Court at Hoàn Kiếm District, Hanoi

The Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Vietnamese : Chính phủ nước Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam; less formally the Vietnamese Government or the Government of Vietnam, Vietnamese : Chính phủ Việt Nam) is the executive branch and body of the state administration of Vietnam (nhà nước). The members of the Government are appointed by the President of Vietnam on the advice of the Prime Minister of Vietnam and approved by the National Assembly. The Government is led by the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV), which is headed by the CPV general secretary, often seen as the highest political post in Vietnam.

Contents

Names

After the establishment of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam on 2 September 1945, based on the 1946 Constitution, the executive branch was called the Government (Chính phủ). The Government was headed by the president, which was the second highest position in Vietnam. Under the president was the Cabinet, which was headed by the prime minister (Thủ tướng).

From 1959 to 1980, based on the 1959 Constitution, the executive branch was named as the Council of Government (Hội đồng Chính phủ). The Council of Government was headed by the prime minister.

From 1980 to 1992, based on the 1980 Constitution, the executive branch was called the Council of Ministers (Hội đồng Bộ trưởng). The Council of Ministers was headed by the chairman (equivalent to the prime minister).

From 1992 onwards, based on the 1992 Constitution the executive branch was renamed as the Government (Chính phủ). The Government is headed by the prime minister.

Term

Based on The 2013 Constitution, the term of the Government follows the term of the National Assembly. At the expiration of the term of the National Assembly, the Government shall remain in office until a new Government is elected by the succeeding National Assembly. [1] [2]

History

Council of Ministers (1980–1992)

The Vietnamese Council of Ministers (Hội đồng Bộ trưởng) was entrusted by the 1980 Constitution with managing and implementing the governmental activities of the state. [3] It is described in that document as "the Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, the highest executive state body of the highest body of state authority." It is accountable to the National Assembly of Vietnam, and, more directly, to the Vietnamese Council of State when the National Assembly is not in session. Its duties include submitting draft laws, decrees, and other bills to the National Assembly and the Council of State; drafting state plans and budgets and implementing them following the National Assembly's approval; managing the development of the national economy; organising national defence activities and assuring the preparedness of the armed forces; and organising and managing the state's foreign relations. Its membership includes a chairman, vice-chairman, cabinet ministers, and the heads of state committees, whose terms of office coincide with that of the National Assembly. The Council of Ministers includes its own standing committee, which serves to co-ordinate and mobilise the council's activities. In 1986 the standing committee was expanded from ten to thirteen members.

Each ministry is headed by a minister, who is assisted by two to twelve deputy ministers. The number and functions of the ministries are not prescribed in the Constitution, but in 1987 there were twenty-three ministries and a number of other specialised commissions and departments. In an apparent response to the call by the Sixth National Party Congress in 1986 for a streamlined bureaucracy, several ministries were merged. The former ministries of agriculture, food, and food industry were joined in a newly created Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry. The ministries of power and mines were merged to form the Ministry of Energy, and a newly created Ministry of Labour, War Invalids, and Social Welfare consolidated the duties of three former ministries. The addition of two new ministerial bodies also resulted from the 6th National Party Congress: a Ministry of Information to replace the Vietnam Radio and Television Commission, and a mission for Economic Relations with Foreign Countries to act as a co-ordinating body for foreign aid.

Government (since 1992)

Since 1992 the executive branch of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is officially named the Government (Chính phủ). The current Government of Vietnam consists of 18 ministries, 4 ministry-level agencies and 8 other government-dependent agencies.

Composition

The Government is headed by a prime minister (Thủ tướng) and four deputy prime ministers (Phó Thủ tướng).

There are 18 ministries (Bộ); each is headed by a minister (Bộ trưởng): [4]

Four ministry-level agencies: [5]

Eight other government-dependent agencies: [6]

In addition, the Government of Vietnam also establishes many national committees (Ủy ban Quốc gia) when needed. The national committees are not separate political entities or ministries; instead they are composed of deputy prime ministers, ministers and deputy ministers in appropriate fields. The national committees act as advisor bodies to the prime minister on social and economic issues, and coordinate actions between many ministries and agencies. Therefore, the national committees do not have any executive powers. Currently there are nine national committees; [7] each is headed by a chairman (Chủ tịch):

Current government

Incumbent Prime Minister Phạm Minh Chính, who had replaced Nguyễn Xuân Phúc as prime minister since 5 April 2021, was re-elected on 26 July 2021 following a 484–0 vote by the National Assembly. [8]

After taking the oath of office on the same day, Chính nominated 26 people to serve in his Cabinet, including 4 deputy prime ministers (1 fewer than the previous term), 18 ministers, and 4 heads of ministerial-level agencies. The lineup was approved by the National Assembly on 28 July 2021. Cabinet members are expected to serve a five-year renewable term ending before the 2026 election. [9] [10]

PositionPortraitNameAssumed officeMember of Central Executive Committee of the Communist PartyPolitburo
of the Communist Party
MemberRank
Emblem of Vietnam.svg
Prime Minister 		Pham Minh Chinh 2021.jpg Phạm Minh Chính [11] 5 April 2021 [11] YesYes3rd
Emblem of Vietnam.svg
Permanent Deputy Prime Minister 		Nguyenhoabinh2023.jpg Nguyễn Hòa Bình [11] 26 August 2024 [11] YesYes
Emblem of Vietnam.svg
Deputy Prime Minister 		Tran Hong Ha 20211124.jpg Trần Hồng Hà [11] 5 January 2023 [11] YesNo
Emblem of Vietnam.svg
Deputy Prime Minister 		Lethanhlong2024.jpg Lê Thành Long [11] 6 June 2024 [11] YesNo
Emblem of Vietnam.svg
Deputy Prime Minister 		Hoducphoc2022 (1).jpg Hồ Đức Phớc [11] 26 August 2024 [11] YesNo
Emblem of Vietnam.svg
Deputy Prime Minister 		Mr. Bui Thanh Son.jpg Bùi Thanh Sơn [11] 26 August 2024 [11] YesNo
Head badge of the Vietnam People's Army.svg
Minister of Defence 		Vietnam Minister of National Defense Phan Van Giang (Phan Van Giang) at the Pentagon, USA on September 9, 2024 (cropped).jpg Phan Văn Giang [11] 8 April 2021 [11] YesYes12th
Vietnam People's Public Security Emblem.png
Minister of Public Security 		Luong Tam Quang 20210906.jpg Lương Tam Quang [11] 6 July 2024 [11] YesYes9th
Minister of Foreign Affairs Mr. Bui Thanh Son.jpg Bùi Thanh Sơn [11] 8 April 2021 [11] YesNo
Minister of Home Affairs Phamthithanhtra.jpg Phạm Thị Thanh Trà [11] 8 April 2021 [11] YesNo

Minister of Justice 		Nguyen-hai-ninh-1723535036180-1723535036523238835629.jpg Nguyễn Hải Ninh [11] 26 August 2024 [11] YesNo
Logo of Vietnam's Ministry of Planning and Investment.png
Minister of Planning and Investment 		Mr. Nguyen Chi Dung.jpg Nguyễn Chí Dũng [11] 9 April 2016YesNo
Logo Bo Tai chinh.jpg
Minister of Finance 		Hoducphoc2022 (1).jpg Hồ Đức Phớc [11] 8 April 2021 [11] YesNo
Minister of Industry and Trade Nguyen Hong Dien.jpg Nguyễn Hồng Diên [11] 8 April 2021 [11] YesNo
Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development Leminhhoan2013.jpg Lê Minh Hoan [11] 8 April 2021 [11] YesNo
Minister of Transport Bo truong Giao thong Van tai Nguyen Van Thang.jpg Nguyễn Văn Thắng [11] 21 October 2022 [11] YesNo
Minister of Construction Nguyenthanhnghi2021.jpg Nguyễn Thanh Nghị [11] 8 April 2021 [11] YesNo
Minister of Natural Resources and Environment Đỗ Đức Duy [11] 26 August 2024 [11] YesNo
Logo vector Bo Thong tin va Truyen Thong.png
Minister of Information and Communications 		Nguyenmanhhung2022 (1).jpg Nguyễn Mạnh Hùng [11] 24 October 2018 [11] YesNo
Minister of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs Ong Dao Ngoc Dung Bo truong Bo Lao dong - Thuong binh va Xa hoi.jpg Đào Ngọc Dung [11] 9 April 2016 [11] YesNo
Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism Nguyen Van Hung in 2023.jpg Nguyễn Văn Hùng [11] 8 April 2021 [11] YesNo
Logo-bo-Kh-CN-anh-01-600x464.jpg
Minister of Science and Technology 		Huynhthanhdat.jpg Huỳnh Thành Đạt [11] 12 November 2020 [11] YesNo
Minister of Education and Training Nguyenkimson.jpg Nguyễn Kim Sơn [11] 8 April 2021 [11] YesNo
Ministry of Health (Vietnam) Logo.svg
Minister of Health 		Daohonglan.jpg Đào Hồng Lan [11] 21 October 2022 [11] YesNo
Emblem of Vietnam.svg
Minister, Chairman of the Government Office 		Tran Van Son.jpg Trần Văn Sơn [11] 8 August 2021 [11] YesNo
Logo Uy ban Dan toc Viet Nam.png
Minister, Chairman of the Committee for Ethnic Minority Affairs 		Haualenh.jpg Hầu A Lềnh [11] 8 August 2021 [11] YesNo

Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam 		Nguyenthihong.jpg Nguyễn Thị Hồng [11] 30 January 2021 [11] YesNo
LogoTTCP.jpg
Inspector-General of the Government 		Doan Hong Phong.jpg Đoàn Hồng Phong [11] 8 August 2021 [11] YesNo

The heads of other government-dependent agencies are appointed by the Prime Minister without approval by the National Assembly. Usually there is no term limit on the leaders of those agencies. The current heads of the government-dependent agencies are:

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References

  1. ↑ "Introduction of the Government of Vietnam". VIETNAM GOVERNMENT PORTAL. Retrieved 2 October 2024.
  2. ↑ "The 2013 Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam". Vietnam Law and Legal Forum magazine.
  3. ↑ "Vietnam – Government and society". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  4. ↑ "Cổng Thông tin điện tử Chính phủ".
  5. ↑ "Bàn về cơ cấu tổ chức Chính phủ nhiệm kỳ 2021–2026".
  6. ↑ "Bàn về cơ cấu tổ chức Chính phủ nhiệm kỳ 2021–2026".
  7. ↑ "Cổng Thông tin điện tử Chính phủ".
  8. ↑ "Pham Minh Chinh re-elected as Vietnamese prime minister for 2021–26". Tuoi Tre News. 26 July 2021. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
  9. ↑ Huong Giang (28 July 2021). "National Assembly confirms Cabinet nominations". VGP News. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
  10. ↑ "NA agrees to reduce one deputy prime minister in 2021–2026 term". VOV World. 28 July 2021. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 "Chính phủ Việt Nam đương nhiệm". Cổng Thông tin điện tử Chính phủ. Retrieved 2 October 2024.
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