The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (abbreviated as CPI(M)) is a communist political party in India. It is the largest communist party in India in terms of membership and electoral seats, and one of the national parties of India. The party was founded through a splitting from the Communist Party of India in 1964 and it quickly became the dominant faction.
The Communist Party of India (CPI) is the oldest communist party in India. The CPI was founded in modern-day Kanpur on 26 December 1925.
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) is a communist party in India. The party is one of many working under the name of CPI (ML). The party general secretary was Kanu Sanyal. The name of the party is identical to the original Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) formed in 1969, of which Sanyal was also a key leader, but Sanyal has stated that his party is not the same as this party.
The Congress Socialist Party (CSP) was a socialist caucus within the Indian National Congress. It was founded in 1934 by Congress members who rejected what they saw as the anti-rational mysticism of Gandhi as well as the sectarian attitude of the Communist Party of India towards the Congress. Influenced by Fabianism as well as Marxism-Leninism, the CSP included advocates of armed struggle or sabotage (such as Yusuf Meherally, Jai Prakash Narayan, and Basawon Singh as well as those who insisted upon Ahimsa or Nonviolent resistance. The CSP advocated decentralized socialism in which co-operatives, trade unions, independent farmers, and local authorities would hold a substantial share of the economic power.
All India Kisan Sabha, is the peasant or farmers' wing of the Communist Party of India, an important peasant movement formed by Sahajanand Saraswati in 1936.
Seshadri Srinivasa Iyengar CIE, also seen as Sreenivasa Iyengar and Srinivasa Ayyangar, was an Indian lawyer, freedom-fighter and politician from the Indian National Congress. Iyengar was the Advocate-General of Madras Presidency from 1916 to 1920. He also served as a member of the bar council from 1912 to 1920, the law member of Madras Presidency from 1916 to 1920 and as the president of the madras province Swarajya Party faction of the Indian National Congress from 1923 to 1930. Srinivasa Iyengar was the son-in-law of renowned lawyer and first Indian Advocate-general of Madras, Sir Vembaukum Bhashyam Aiyangar. Iyengar's followers called him Lion of the South.
Hannan Mollah is an Indian communist politician and a senior leader of the All India Kisan Sabha. He was the member of Indian parliament and elected as the Lok Sabha for eight times from constituency of Uluberia in Howrah district of West Bengal, mollah is the member of Politburo of the Communist Party of India (Marxist).
Labour Kisan Party of Hindustan was a political party in India. The party was founded by Singaravelu Chettiar on 1 May 1923 in Madras. This was the first May Day celebration in India. This was also the first time the red flag was used in India.
The Workers and Peasants Party (WPP) (also known as the Kirti Kisan Party) was a political party in India, which worked inside the Indian National Congress in 1925–1929. It became an important front organisation for the Communist Party of India and an influential force in the Bombay labour movement. The party was able to muster some success in making alliances with other left elements inside the Congress Party, amongst them Jawaharlal Nehru. However, as the Communist International entered its 'Third Period' phase, the communists deserted the WPP project. The WPP was wound up, as its leadership was arrested by the British authorities in March 1929.
Communism in India has existed as a social or political ideology as well as a political movement since at least as early as the 1920s. In its early years, communist ideology was harshly suppressed through legal prohibitions and criminal prosecutions. Eventually, communist parties became ensconced in national party politics, sprouting several political offshoots.
Gangadhar Appa Burande was an Indian politician.
Mohammed Abdullah Rasul, Born: 1903, Died: 21 November 1991, was an Indian politician. He belonged to the Communist Party of India (Marxist). M.A. Rasul was a prominent leader of the peasants' movement and served as minister in the West Bengal state government for a short period in the 1960s.
Godavari Parulekar was a freedom fighter, writer, and social activist. She was influenced by Marxist and Communist ideologies and spent her life fighting for the farmers and working class. She was married to Shamrao Parulekar, another freedom fighter and activist with the same ideologies.
Kisan Rally or Kisan Long March was a large scale protest march by farmers in the Indian state of Maharashtra, organized by the All India Kisan Sabha, the peasants front of the Communist Party of India (Marxist). Around 60,000 to 70,000 farmers marched a distance of 200 km from Nashik to Mumbai to gherao the Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha. The peaceful march came to a conclusion on March 12, 2018, after the Government of Maharashtra gave assurances for fulfillment of said demands. These assurances however, were not executed which resulted in Kisan Long March 2 which commenced on February 27, 2019, but was suspended soon after.
Dr. Vijoo Krishnan is an Indian peasant leader, writer on Agrarian Issues and General Secretary of the All India Kisan Sabha. He is a central committee member of Communist Party of India (Marxist). He is also part of the six-member central secretariat of CPI(M). He is one of the key organiser of Bhoomi Adhikar Andolan.
In 1964, a major split occurred in the Communist Party of India. The split was the culmination of decades of tensions and factional infighting. When India became independent in 1947, differences arose of how to adapt to the new situation. As relations between the Nehru government and the Soviet Union improved, a faction that sought cooperation with the dominant Indian National Congress emerged within CPI. This tendency was led by S.A. Dange, whose role in the party hierarchy became increasingly controversial. When the Sino-Indian War broke out in 1962 Dange's opponents within CPI were jailed, but when they were released they sought to challenge his leadership. In 1964 the party was finally divided into two, with the left faction forming the Communist Party of India (Marxist). The split had a lot of regional variations. It also impacted other organizations, such as trade union and peasant movements. The split has been studied extensively by scholars, who have sought to analyze the various domestic and international factors involved.
Samyukta Kisan Morcha (SKM), formed in November 2020, is a coalition of over forty Indian farmers' unions to coordinate satyagragh against the three farm acts initiated in September of the same year.
Ashok Dhawale is an Indian peasant leader and the National President of All India Kisan Sabha. He is one of the leaders of the Samyukta Kisan Morcha (SKM) which led a historic one-year long struggle that succeeded in getting the three Farm Laws repealed by the Central Government. He is also one of the leaders of the famous AIKS-led Kisan Long March in Maharashtra of 50,000 farmers from Nashik to Mumbai. He is a Polit Bureau Member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist). He was also the State Secretary of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) in Maharashtra for ten years.
The All India Kisan Mahasabha (AIKM) is the peasants' front of the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation, and works for farmers' rights and the anti-feudal movement in India. AIKM and AIKM's Punjab-based farmers' union Punjab Kishan Union have played one of the biggest roles on 2020-21 farmers' protest.
Communist movements in India refers to the various social and political movements led by communists in India. Communism in India has existed since the 1920s. Some of the major events are listed below.
