61 Mechanised Battalion Group

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61 Mechanised Battalion Group
SADF 61 Mech flash badge.jpg
61 Mechanised Battalion emblem
Active1978 2005
Disbanded2005
CountryFlag of South Africa.svg  South Africa
AllegianceFlag of South Africa.svg  South Africa
BranchEnsign of the South African Defence Force (1981-1994).svg  South African Army
TypeMechanised Battle Group
Part of South African Infantry Corps
GarrisonOtavi, Tsumeb, Omuthiya, Lohatla Army Battle School
Nickname(s)61 Mech
Motto(s)Mobilitate vincere
Equipment
Engagements South African Border War
61 Mechanised Battalion Group Memorial 61 Mechanised Battalion Group Memorial.jpg
61 Mechanised Battalion Group Memorial

61 Mechanised Battalion Group was a unit of the South African Infantry Corps; although it was classed as mechanized infantry, it was a combined arms force consisting of infantry, armour and artillery.

Contents

History

Combat Group Juliet

General Constand Viljoen, Chief of the Army, formulated a plan in 1978 to introduce a mechanized combat group to Ovamboland in the then South West Africa, to conduct operations against SWAPO. Combat Group Juliet was then formed under the command of Commandant Frank Bestbier.

SADF temporary vehicle marker for Combat Group Juliet SADF vehicle marker for Combat Group Juliet.jpg
SADF temporary vehicle marker for Combat Group Juliet

Operation Reindeer

The Battle Group first saw action in Operation Reindeer in early May 1978, launching an attack on SWAPO's Western Front headquarters and logistics base, at Chetequera, 15 km north of the South West African border, with a mechanized assault force. [1] :76 This attack formed part of Operation Reindeer during which paratroopers attacked a separate target at Cassinga, some 300 km into Angola. After Operation Reindeer it was decided to establish a permanent conventional mechanized combat unit in the operational area and Commandant Johann Dippenaar was appointed to set up this unit.

By January 1979, the Battle Group was renamed 61 Mechanised Battalion and became part of the regular order of battle. 61 Mech served for over a decade in the territory fighting both a guerrilla war against the South-West Africa People's Organisation, as well as taking part in conventional operations against Cuban and Angolan forces. [2]

South West Africa Headquarters of 61 Mech

A tactical headquarters for 61 Mech was initially established at Otavi but during April 1979 this was moved to Tsumeb. 61 Mech was eventually resettled at Omuthiya, with a base headquarters in Tsumeb.

Further operations

61 Mech was primarily involved in these operations.

SADF Operation Sceptic Commemorative medallion SADF Operation Sceptic Commemorative medallion.png
SADF Operation Sceptic Commemorative medallion
SADF Operation Hooper participation bar SADF Operation Hooper participation bar.png
SADF Operation Hooper participation bar
61 Mech was part of the Sector 10 response to the Cuban buildup and SWAPO incursions, known as the Merlyn Forces in 1989 South West Africa SADF Merlyn Forces emblem 1989 South West Africa.jpg
61 Mech was part of the Sector 10 response to the Cuban buildup and SWAPO incursions, known as the Merlyn Forces in 1989 South West Africa

Relocation to South Africa and Lohatla Army Battle School

During September 1991 61 Mech Bn Gp, which was based at Rooikop in Namibia, resettled at the Army Battle School in Lohatla, South Africa. 61 Mech remained part of C Army's Reserve, under operational command of 60 Brigade HQ and administratively supported by the Army Battle School. During this time, C Army amended the organisation of the Battle School to execute two functions concurrently:

Operations after relocation

61 Mech was primarily involved in these operations.

Disbandment

By 2005, 61 Mech was disbanded and its infantry elements merged into 8 South African Infantry Battalion at Upington after moving from Lohatla. The Armour and Artillery components were merged into other existing regular units of their respective corps.

Organisation

61 Mech was organised along the following lines:

61 Mech was primarily tasked as the Army's Immediate Response Unit, due to its versatility.

Equipment

Armour

  • Eland 60
  • Eland 90
  • Olifant MBT

Armoured Personnel Carrier

  • Buffel
  • Casspir

Artillery

  • G2
  • G4
  • G5
  • G6

Anti Aircraft

  • Ystervark

Personal Weapons

  • R1
  • R4
  • R5
  • FN Mag
  • 60mm patrol mortar
  • RPG

Fighting Vehicles

  • Ratel 20
  • Ratel 60
  • Ratel 81
  • Ratel 90
  • Ratel Command
  • Ratel ZT3

Logistics

  • samil 10 lappiespomp
  • Samil 20
  • Samil 50
  • Samil 100
  • Rinkhals ambulance

Insignia

Standard Dress

SADF era 61 Mech Battalion insignia SADF era 61 Mech Battalion insignia ver 2.jpg
SADF era 61 Mech Battalion insignia

Ops Badge

61 Mech awarded a small badge called the Operational Badge for those in or attached to the unit who deployed with the unit on operational duties. [3] :14 The badge had a yellow backing and was awarded initially only for cross border operations into Angola. [3] :14 A subsequent version with a green backing was suggested which was to be for internal duties. This version was never authorised and the yellow badge was awarded for all operational deployments. The badge consisted of a dagger with three diagonal lightning bolts in red across it. A subdued version was produced for wear on nutria (brown's) uniforms. With the introduction of camouflage, a new version was produced on green thatching.

This knifepoint always faced the heart of the wearer. [4]

Companies

Each company or element in the Battalion (group) had its own flag and identifying badge.

Leadership

[1] :1034

61 Mechanised Battalion Group Leadership
FromCommanding OfficersTo
1978Cmdt Frank Bestbier [lower-alpha 1] 1978
November 1978Cmdt Johan DippenaarJan 1981 [lower-alpha 2]
January 1981Cmdt Roland de Vries SD SM MMM [lower-alpha 3] 1982
1983Cmdt Gert van Zyl1983
1984Cmdt Ep van Lill1985
1985Cmdt Kobus Smit1987
1988Cmdt Mike Muller1990
1991Cmdt Gerhard Louw1993
1994Cmdt Hannes van der Merwe1995
1995Cmdt Danie Laas1996
1996Cmdt Jaap Steyn1999
1999Lt Col Ettienne Visagie2005
FromRegimental Sergeants MajorTo
1979WO1 M.C. Barnard1981
1981WO1 H.G. Smit1985
1985WO1 Tjaart van der Walt1986
1986WO1 Kobus Kemp1992
1993WO1 J.A.B. van Zyl1993
1994WO1 G.P. Barnard1995
1996WO1 A.H. du Toit1999
1999WO1 H.A. van Zyl2005
2005WO1 D.D. Lewis2005
FromChaplainsTo
1978Ds Landman Vogel [lower-alpha 4] [lower-alpha 5] [lower-alpha 6] 1979
1980Ds Braam le Roux [lower-alpha 4] 1980
1981Ds Koos Rossouw [lower-alpha 4] 1982
1983No permanent Appointment1983
1984Ds Johan van Niekerk [lower-alpha 4] 1986
1986Ds Schalk Pienaar1986
1987Ds Johan van Niekerk [lower-alpha 4] 1987
1987Ds Marius Cornelissen1987
1988Ds Anton Kemp1990
1990Ds Stoffel Helmut1990
1991Ds Fanus Hansen1996
1997Pastor Pieter Bezuidenhout2005

Honoris Crux recipients

61 Mech Honoris Crux recipients
SurnameInitialsRankYearOperation
du ToitJ.J.Lt1980 Operation Sceptic
RutherfordG.T.LCPL1980 Operation Sceptic
van der WesthizenD.R.2nd Lt1981 Operation Carrot
AndersonL.A.Maj1981 Operation Daisy
SteynS.S.2nd Lt1982 Operation Meebos
le RouxH.C.2nd Lt1983 Operation Phoenix (South Africa)
MacaskillA.2nd Lt1984 Operation Askari
KooijJ.2nd Lt1987 Operation Moduler
BremerH.M.2nd Lt1987 Operation Moduler
GreenG.W.Rfn1987 Operation Moduler

Battle Honours

Battle Honours
Awarded to 61 Mechanised Battalion Group
Cuito Cuanaval Embroidered.png
SWA-Angola 1976-1989 Embroidered.png
Mulemba-Mulola Embroidered.png
Xangongo-Ongiva Embroidered.png
Mavinga II Embroidered 01.png
Mavinga III Embroidery.png
Calueque Embroidered.png

Further developments

From 61 Mech's success, 62 Mechanised Battalion Group and 63 Mechanised Battalion Group, were developed, encompassing similar battlegroup principles.

Theoretically the three units would have formed 60 Brigade, South Africa's highly mobile brigade level response to a full conventional attack on South West Africa.

See also

Notes

  1. Veggroup (Battle Group) Juliet
  2. In November 1978 Johan Dippenaar was appointed SO 1 Operation Planning at 2 Military Area Head Quarters (later to be known as Sector 10 headquarters) at Oshakati, as well as the commander of the newly established mechanized unit, which was to be stationed at Oshivello. He immediately started to plan for the establishment of this new mechanized unit [5] and he handed over to Roland De Vries in Jan 1981
  3. Later Major General
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Rest in Peace
  5. Gereformeerde Kerk, Tsumeb
  6. For 1978 and 1979 the appointment was not permanent

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References

  1. 1 2 Steenkamp, Willem; Heitman, Helmoed-Romer (2016). Mobility Conquers. The Story of 61 Mechanised Battalion Group 1978-2005. Helion & Company. ISBN   978-1-911096-52-8.
  2. de Vries, Roland (2015-11-13). "The Influence of the Ratel Infantry Fighting Vehicle on Mobile Warfare in Southern Africa". Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies. 43 (2). doi: 10.5787/43-2-1129 . ISSN   2224-0020 . Retrieved 22 September 2016.
  3. 1 2 Wall, Dudley (2007). "Starting Out" Collecting South African Militaria (3rd ed.). Just Done Productions Publishing (published 15 October 2007). ISBN   978-1-9201-6970-1. Archived from the original on 23 November 2014. Retrieved 14 December 2014.
  4. Steenkamp, Willem; Heitman, Helmoed Roemer (2016). Mobility Conquers: The Story Of 61 Mechanised Battalion Group 1978-2005 plate iii (Hardcover). Helion & Company (published 1 September 2016). ISBN   978-1-911096-52-8 . Retrieved 6 November 2016.
  5. "61 Mech: 1979: Overview by the Commander" . Retrieved 9 October 2022.

Other sources