es
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Page categories
Translingual
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Abbreviation of Spanish español
Symbol
[edit]es
Etymology 2
[edit]Symbol
[edit]es
English
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Noun
[edit]es (plural esses)
- Alternative form of ess (the name of the Latin-script letter S/s) in compounds such as "es-hook".
Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]es
Etymology 3
[edit]Verb
[edit]es (be)
Etymology 4
[edit]Noun
[edit]es (plural eses)
- The name of the Unspecified script letter С / с.
Anagrams
[edit]Afrikaans
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Dutch est, variant of eest, from Middle Dutch eeste (also este).
Noun
[edit]es (plural esse)
Alemannic German
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Article
[edit]es n
- neuter of en: a/an
- 1978, Rolf Lyssy & Christa Maerker, Die Schweizermacher (transcript):
- Das isch September vor eme Jar gsi.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1978, Rolf Lyssy & Christa Maerker, Die Schweizermacher (transcript):
Declension
[edit]Declension of en | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
nominative/accusative | en | e | es | - |
dative | emene | enere | emene | - |
Etymology 2
[edit]From Middle High German ëȥ, from Old High German iȥ, from Proto-Germanic *it. Cognate with German es.
Pronoun
[edit]es n
- (personal) it
Declension
[edit]nominative | accusative | dative | possessive m | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person singular | ich, i | mich, mi | mir, mier, mer | min, miin | |
2nd person singular | familiar | du | dich, di | dir, dier, der | din, diin |
polite | Si | Ine, Ene, -ne | Ire | ||
3rd person singular | m | er | in, en | im | sin, siin |
f | si | ire | |||
n | es, 's, -s | im | sin, siin | ||
1st person plural | mir, mer | üs, öis, ois, eus | üse, öise, oise, euse | ||
2nd person plural | ir, ier | öi, eu | öie, eure | ||
3rd person plural | si | ine, ene, -ne | ire |
Aragonese
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]es
- them (masculine direct object)
Synonyms
[edit]Aromanian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin exeō. Compare Daco-Romanian ieși, ies.
Verb
[edit]es first-singular present indicative (third-person singular present indicative easi or ease, past participle ishitã)
Related terms
[edit]See also
[edit]Bavarian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]es
Usage notes
[edit]The usage of es is mainly impersonal. When referring to a noun, the form des is preferred.
See also
[edit]nominative | accusative | dative | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
stressed | unstressed | stressed | unstressed | stressed | unstressed | ||
1st person singular | i | — | mi | — | mia (mir) | ma | |
2nd person singular (informal) |
du | — | di | — | dia (dir) | da | |
2nd person singular (formal) |
Sie | — | Eahna | — | Eahna | — | |
3rd person singular | m | er | a | eahm | 'n | eahm | 'n |
n | es, des | 's | des | 's | |||
f | se, de | 's | se | 's | ihr | — | |
1st person plural | mia (mir) | ma | uns | — | uns | — | |
2nd person plural | eß, ihr | — | enk, eich | — | enk, eich | — | |
3rd person plural | se | 's | eahna | — | eahna | — |
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]es
- Alternative spelling of eß (“you”, plural)
Catalan
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]es (proclitic, contracted s', enclitic se, contracted enclitic 's)
- himself, herself, itself (direct or indirect object)
- oneself (direct or indirect object)
- themselves (direct or indirect object)
- each other (direct or indirect object)
Usage notes
[edit]- es is the reinforced (reforçada) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs beginning with a consonant.
Declension
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Article
[edit]es m sg (feminine sa, masculine plural es, masculine plural sos, feminine plural ses)
Usage notes
[edit]- In Balearic Catalan, es contrasts with el as an obviative article, but is often used in first instance.
Etymology 3
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]es
Further reading
[edit]- “es” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Cimbrian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle High German ëz, iz, from Old High German iz, from Proto-West Germanic *it, from Proto-Germanic *it, nominative/accusative singular neuter of *iz. Cognate with German es.
Pronoun
[edit]es
Inflection
[edit]nominative | accusative | dative | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
1st person singular | ich | mich | miar | |
2nd person singular | familiar | du | dich | diar |
polite | iart | ach | òich | |
3rd person singular | m | èar, ar | in, en | iime |
f | zi, ze | iar | ||
n | es, is | es, 's | iime | |
1st person plural | bar, bandare |
zich | izàndarn | |
2nd person plural | iart, iartàndare, artàndare |
òich, ach | ogàndarn | |
3rd person plural | ze, zòi, zandare |
zich | innàndarn |
References
[edit]- “es” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
Crimean Tatar
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *es. Compare to Kumyk эс (es), etc.
Noun
[edit]es
References
[edit]Czech
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]es n (indeclinable)
- The name of the Latin-script letter S/s.
See also
[edit]- (Latin-script letter names) písmeno; á, bé, cé, dé, é, ef, gé, há, chá, í, jé, ká, el, em, en, ó, pé, kvé, er, es, té, ú, vé, dvojité vé, iks, ypsilon, zet
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]es n
- inflection of eso:
Danish
[edit]Noun
[edit]es n (singular definite esset, plural indefinite esser)
- (card games) ace
- Jeg har alle esserne.
- I have all the aces.
- Jeg har alle esserne.
Declension
[edit]See also
[edit]Dutch
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Dutch essche, from Old Dutch *aska, from Proto-West Germanic *ask, from Proto-Germanic *askaz, *askiz.
Compare West Frisian esk, English ash, German Esche, Danish ask, compare Welsh onnen, Latin ornus (“wild mountain ash”), Lithuanian úosis, Russian ясень (jasenʹ), Albanian ah (“beech”), Ancient Greek ὀξύα (oxúa, “beech”), Old Armenian հացի (hacʻi).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]es m (plural essen, diminutive esje n)
- ash, ash tree, Fraxinus excelsior
- ash, any tree of the genus Fraxinus
Alternative forms
[edit]- esch (obsolete)
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]es m (plural essen, diminutive esje n)
Etymology 3
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adverb
[edit]es
- (informal, dialectal) Alternative form of eens (“once”)
- Kom es hier ― Come over here (for a second).
Etymology 4
[edit]From Middle Dutch esche, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *atiska-. More at German Esch, Gothic 𐌰𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺 (atisk).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]es m (plural essen, diminutive esje n)
- A tract of open, often raised agricultural land near or surrounding a village or hamlet.
- Synonym: enk
Alternative forms
[edit]- esch (obsolete)
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From German Es (German key notation).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]es
Usage notes
[edit]Capitalized for the great octave or any octave below that, or in names of major keys; not capitalized for the small octave or any octave above that, or in names of minor keys.
Declension
[edit]Inflection of es (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | es | esit | |
genitive | esin | esien | |
partitive | esiä | esejä | |
illative | esiin | eseihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | es | esit | |
accusative | nom. | es | esit |
gen. | esin | ||
genitive | esin | esien | |
partitive | esiä | esejä | |
inessive | esissä | eseissä | |
elative | esistä | eseistä | |
illative | esiin | eseihin | |
adessive | esillä | eseillä | |
ablative | esiltä | eseiltä | |
allative | esille | eseille | |
essive | esinä | eseinä | |
translative | esiksi | eseiksi | |
abessive | esittä | eseittä | |
instructive | — | esein | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Derived terms
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]French
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /ɛ/, (in liaison) /ɛ.z‿/ ~ /e.z‿/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ɛ
- Homophones: ai, aie, aies, aient, ait, est, hais, hait
Verb
[edit]es
Anagrams
[edit]Fuyug
[edit]Noun
[edit]es (plural esing)
References
[edit]- Robert L. Bradshaw, Fuyug grammar sketch (2007)
Galician
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]es
German
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle High German ëz, from Old High German iz, from Proto-Germanic *it. Compare English it.
Pronoun
[edit]es n
- nominative and accusative neuter third-person singular personal pronoun
- Wo ist das Buch? Es liegt auf dem Tisch. (
) ― Where's the book? It’s on the table.Audio: (file) - Wo ist das Kind? Ich habe es. ― Where is the child? I have it.
- Welche Farbe hat das Pferd? Es ist weiß. (
) ― What color is the horse? It is white.Audio: (file) - Ich bemerkte ein merkwürdiges bärtiges Individuum und beschloss, es im Auge zu behalten. (
) ― I remarked a strange bearded individual and decided to keep an eye on him.Audio: (file) - Das Mädchen wusste nicht, dass es beobachtet wurde. (
) ― The girl didn’t know that she was being observed.Audio: (file) - Jedes Vorstandsmitglied kann das Wort ergreifen, wenn es dies wünscht. (
) ― Any board member may take the floor if they so wish.Audio: (file)
- 1952, Marie Luise Kaschnitz, Das dicke Kind:
- Das Kind sagte nichts und sah mich mit seinen kühlen Augen an. Dann war es fort.
- The child said nothing and looked at me with her cold eyes. Then she was gone.
- Wo ist das Buch? Es liegt auf dem Tisch. (
- Impersonal pronoun used to refer to statements, activities, the environment etc., or as a placeholder/dummy pronoun — it
- Das kann es nicht geben. (
) ― This is nothing that could possibly exist.Audio: (file) - Sie begann zu laufen, und ich tat es auch. ― She started to run, and so did I. (literally, “She began to run, and I did it also.”)
- Es war einmal eine schöne Prinzessin. (
) ― There was once a beautiful princess.Audio: (file) - Es ist gut zu leben! (
) ― It's good to be alive!Audio: (file) - Es regnet. (
) ― It’s raining.Audio: (file) - Es ist sicher, dass morgen die Sonne scheinen wird. (
) ― It's certain that the sun will shine tomorrow.Audio: (file) - Wie geht es dir? (
) ― How are you doing?Audio: (file) - Ich bin es, Michael. (
) ― It's me, Michael.Audio: (file) - Es spielt das Fernsehorchester. (
) ― The television orchestra is playing.Audio: (file) - Sie wird es noch weit bringen. (
) ― She is going to go far.Audio: (file)
- Das kann es nicht geben. (
Usage notes
[edit]- As a pronoun referring to people who are grammatically neutral, it is sometimes considered old-fashioned or dated to insist on using the neutral es instead of er/sie, especially for Mädchen, in spoken language, and when there is a large distance between when the person is introduced and when the corresponding pronoun is used.
- In a small and closed set of phrases, es continues a Middle High German ës which was the genitive of ëz: Ich bin es müde ‘I am tired of it’.
- In the colloquial speech of some areas, this pronoun is fully replaced with the demonstrative pronoun das, with which it shares the unstressed reduction /s/. This reflects a similar development for sie/die, but predates it.
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | singular and plural | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person familiar1 |
3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person familiar1 |
3rd person | 2nd person polite/formal | |||
m | f | n | |||||||
nominative | ich | du -e2 |
er | sie -se2 |
es | wir | ihr | sie -se2 |
Sie Ihr3 |
genitive | meiner mein3 |
deiner dein3 |
seiner sein3 |
ihrer | seiner sein3 |
unser | euer | ihrer | Ihrer Euer3 |
dative | mir | dir | ihm | ihr | ihm | uns | euch | ihnen | Ihnen Euch3 |
accusative | mich | dich | ihn | sie -se2 |
es | uns | euch | sie -se2 |
Sie Euch3 |
1These forms are sometimes capitalized, especially in letters. 2enclitic, colloquial 3archaic
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Article
[edit]es n
- (regional, colloquial) Alternative form of das
- Soll ich es Fenster zumachen?
- Should I close the window?
Usage notes
[edit]- The contracted form 's is more common, but es is also frequently heard.
Guinea-Bissau Creole
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Portuguese este. Cognate with Kabuverdianu es.
Pronoun
[edit]es
Hunsrik
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]es
Inflection
[edit]nominative | accusative | dative | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Proclitic | Enclitic | str. | unstr. | str. | unstr. | |
1st person singular | ich | -ich | mich | meer | mer | |
2nd person singular (informal) |
du | -du, -de | dich | deer | der | |
3rd person singular (m.) | er; där | -er | ihn | en | ihm | em |
3rd person singular (f.) | sie; die | -se | sie / ihns | se | eer | re |
3rd person singular (n.) | es; das | 's | es | ihm | em | |
1st person plural | meer | mer | uns | |||
2nd person plural | deer | der | eich | |||
3rd person plural | sie; die | -se | sie | se | denne |
Further reading
[edit]Icelandic
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]es n (genitive singular ess, nominative plural es)
Declension
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Ido
[edit]Etymology
[edit]By assimilation with English is, French es, Italian essere, Spanish es.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]es
Indonesian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Dutch ijs, from Middle Dutch ijs, from Old Dutch *īs, from Proto-Germanic *īsą, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyH-.
Noun
[edit]ès (plural es-es, first-person possessive esku, second-person possessive esmu, third-person possessive esnya)
Alternative forms
[edit]- ais (Malaysia, Singapore)
Derived terms
[edit]- es bantut
- es batu
- es bening
- es brenibon
- es buah campolai
- es buah hunkue
- es buah tap
- es campur
- es caruk
- es cendol
- es cendol kopi
- es doger
- es Fürst Pückler
- es goyang
- es goyobod
- es hanyut
- es kering
- es kolang-kaling
- es krim
- es krim Neapolitan
- es laksmana mengamuk
- es lekat
- es lilin
- es loder
- es mambo
- es oyen
- es pisang ijo
- es podeng
- es potong
- es puter
- es rumput laut
- es saguer
- es sekoteng
- es selasih
- es selendang mayang
- es serpihan
- es serut
- es tebak
- es teh tarik
- es teler
Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]ès
- The name of the Latin-script letter S/s.
See also
[edit]- (Latin-script letter names) huruf; a, be, ce, de, e, ef, ge, ha, i, je, ka, el, em, en, o, pe, ki, er, es, te, u, ve, we, eks, ye, zet
Further reading
[edit]- “es” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Interlingua
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]es
Kabuverdianu
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Portuguese eles.
Pronoun
[edit]es
Etymology 2
[edit]From Portuguese este.
Pronoun
[edit]es
Latgalian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- (archaic) as
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ēź, from Proto-Indo-European *eǵ. Cognates include Latvian es and Lithuanian aš.
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]es
Declension
[edit]See also
[edit]References
[edit]- Nicole Nau (2011) A short grammar of Latgalian, München: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 35
Latin
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /es/, [ɛs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /es/, [ɛs]
Noun
[edit]es f (indeclinable)
- The name of the letter S.
Usage notes
[edit]- Multiple Latin names for the letter S, s have been suggested. The most common is es or a syllabic s, although there is some evidence which also supports, as names for the letter, sē, sss, əs, sə, and even (in the fourth- or fifth-century first Antinoë papyrus, which gives Greek transliterations of the Latin names of the Roman alphabet’s letters) ισσε (isse).
Coordinate terms
[edit]- (Latin-script letter names) littera; ā, bē, cē, dē, ē, ef, gē, hā / *acca, ī, kā, el, em, en, ō, pē, kū, er, es, tē, ū, ix / īx / ex, ȳ / ī graeca / ȳpsīlon, zēta
References
[edit]- es in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), especially pages 30–31, 42–44, and 63
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Italic *es, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ési.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /es/, [ɛs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /es/, [ɛs]
Verb
[edit]es
- second-person singular present active indicative of sum ("you are") (singular)
- second-person singular present active imperative of sum ("be!")
Etymology 3
[edit]Form of the verb edō (“I eat”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /eːs/, [eːs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /es/, [ɛs]
Verb
[edit]ēs
Synonyms
[edit]Latvian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ēź-, from Proto-Indo-European *eǵ (from *éǵh₂). The non-nominative forms derive from Proto-Indo-European dependent stem *me- (the a instead of e in the Baltic languages appears to result from Iranian influence): reduplicated *me-me- → *mene → Proto-Baltic genitive/accusative *mane → *manen (by analogy with other accusatives) → *manens (by analogy with other genitives) → genitive manis, while *manen → accusative mani. Dative man comes from an older *mani. Instrumental variant manim imitates the nominal i-stem paradigm. Cognates include Lithuanian aš (archaic eš), Old Prussian es, as, Sudovian as, Proto-Slavic *(j)azъ (Old Church Slavonic азъ (azŭ), Old East Slavic ꙗзъ (jazŭ), Belarusian, Ukrainian, Russian я (ja), Bulgarian аз (az), Czech já (from jaz), Polish ja (from jaz)), Proto-Germanic *ekan, *ek (Gothic 𐌹𐌺 (ik), Old Norse ek, Old High German ih, German ich, Old English ic, English I), Hittite [script needed] (uk), Sanskrit अहम् (ahám), Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬆𐬨 (azəm), Ancient Greek ἐγώ (egṓ), Latin ego, Ossetian ӕз (æz).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]es (personal, 1st person singular)
- I; first person pronoun, referring to the speaker
- Es te dzīvoju. ― I live here.
- Viņš mani sastapa ceļā. ― He met me on the road.
- Atnāc pie manis! ― Come to me (to my place)!
- Nāc ar mani dejot! ― Come dance with me!
- Man nav laika. ― I don't have time. (lit. There is no time to me.)
Usage notes
[edit]The dative form manim is used only optionally, with prepositions.
Declension
[edit]Related terms
[edit]See also
[edit]
Noun
[edit]es m (invariable)
- I, ego (the essence of a person)
- mans es ― my I, my ego
- Runātājs izcēla savu es. ― The speaker highlighted his I, his ego.
- Briesmīgi nezināt nekā un just tikai sevi, savu es. ― It is terrible to know and feel nothing except oneself, one's I.
- Cilvēks var pierādīt savu vērtību, apliecināt savu “es” tikai darbā. ― A person can prove their worth, testify their “I”, only in (their) work.
Etymology 2
[edit]A cross-linguistically frequent way of naming this sound, and the respective letter.
Noun
[edit]es m (invariable)
- The Latvian name of the Latin script letter S/s.
See also
[edit]- Latvian letter names:
References
[edit]- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “es”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Lower Sorbian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]es m inan
- The name of the Latin-script letter s/S.
See also
[edit]- (Latin-script letter names) a, bej, cej, čet, ćej, dej, ej, ět, ef, gej, ha, cha, i, jot, ka, eł, el, em, en, ejn, o, pej, er, ejŕ, es, eš, śej, tej, u, wej, y, zet, žet, źej
Malay
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]és (plural es-es)
- The name of the Latin-script letter S/s.
Synonyms
[edit]See also
[edit]- (Latin-script letter names) huruf; e, bi, si, di, i, ef, ji, hec, ai, je, ke, el, em, en, o, pi, kiu, ar, es, ti, yu, vi, dabel yu, eks, way, zed
Middle Dutch
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]es
Verb
[edit]es
- Alternative form of is; third-person singular present indicative of wēsen
Middle English
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Determiner
[edit]es
- Alternative form of his (“his”)
Pronoun
[edit]es
- Alternative form of his (“his”)
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]es
- Alternative form of his (“her”)
Etymology 3
[edit]Verb
[edit]es
- Alternative form of is (“is”)
Middle French
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Old French es ("[you] are").
Verb
[edit]es
Etymology 2
[edit]Old French es ("in the").
Contraction
[edit]es
Middle Irish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]es f (genitive esi)
Descendants
[edit]- Irish: eas
Mutation
[edit]Middle Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
es | unchanged | n-es |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
[edit]- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “5 es”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Norwegian Nynorsk
[edit]Verb
[edit]es
Occitan
[edit]Verb
[edit]es
Ojibwe
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Algonquian *e·hsa.
Noun
[edit]es (plural esag)
Old French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Preposition
[edit]es
- in the
- 1377, Bernard de Gordon, Fleur de lis de medecine (a.k.a. lilium medicine), page 186 of this essay:
- l'autre partie va es muscules
- the other part goes into the muscles
Descendants
[edit]- French: ès (archaic except in fixed expressions)
Old Irish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- ess (theoretically available for all senses; attested in only some)
Etymology 1
[edit]Noun
[edit]es (gender unknown)
- the letter s
Etymology 2
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
[edit]es (gender unknown)
Etymology 3
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
[edit]es (gender unknown)
Etymology 4
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
[edit]es (gender unknown)
Etymology 5
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronoun
[edit]es
- Alternative spelling of as: third-person singular masculine of a
Mutation
[edit]Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
es (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments) |
unchanged | n-es |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Old Norse
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Norse ᛁᛊᛏ (ist), from Proto-Germanic *isti, first/third-person singular indicative present of *wesaną. Evolved to younger variant er. Compare vesa, vas (vera, var).
Verb
[edit]es
- Archaic form of er., third-person singular indicative present of vera
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *iz (“he; 3rd person personal pronoun”). Cognate with Gothic 𐌹𐍃 (is), Old High German ēr (German er).
Pronoun
[edit]es
Conjunction
[edit]es
Pennsylvania German
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Compare German es, Dutch het, English it.
Pronunciation
[edit]Article
[edit]es n (definite)
Declension
[edit]Pennsylvania German definite articles | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural | |
Nominative | der | die | es | die |
Dative | dem or em | der | dem or em | de |
Accusative | der or den | die | es | die |
Pronoun
[edit]es n
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person familiar |
2nd person polite/formal |
3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
m | f | n | |||||||
nominative | ich | du de1 |
dihr der1 Sie |
er | sie se1 |
es | mir mer1 |
dihr der1 |
sie |
dative | mir mer1 |
dir der1 |
eich Ihne Ne1 |
ihm em1 |
ihre re1 |
ihm em1 |
uns | eich | ihne ne1 |
accusative | mich | dich | eich Sie |
ihn en1 |
sie se1 |
es | sie |
1unstressed
Plautdietsch
[edit]Verb
[edit]es
Romagnol
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Early Medieval Latin essere, from Latin esse.
Verb
[edit]es
- to be
- (auxiliary, used to form composite past tense of many intransitive verbs) to have (done something).
Sawi
[edit]Interjection
[edit]es
- at once
- Uvur haramavimaken, du famud, es! — The tide is about to turn; cook the sago at once![1]
- enough
References
[edit]- ^ Don Richardson, Peace Child.
Scots
[edit]Noun
[edit]es (plural eses)
- Alternative spelling of aes
References
[edit]- “es, n.” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.
Spanish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Latin est, from Proto-Italic *est, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti. Cognate with Sanskrit अस्ति (ásti), English is.
Verb
[edit]es
Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]es f pl
Sudovian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Balto-Slavic *is, from Proto-Indo-European *ís. Compare Lithuanian jìs, but dissimilar Latvian viņš (“he”), Old Prussian tāns (“he”).[1][2]
Pronoun
[edit]eſ m
- (third-person singular) he
- “Pagan dialects from Narew” line 4, (copied by V. Zinov, 1983):
References
[edit]- ^ Zigmas Zinkevičius (1985) “Lenkų-jotvingių žodynėlis? [A Polish-Yotvingian dictionary?]”, in Baltistica, volume 21, number 1 (in Lithuanian), Vilnius: VU, , page 72: “eſ ‘jis, l. on’ 4.”
- ^ “jìs” in Hock et al., Altlitauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch 2.0 (online, 2020–): “nar. prn. es er”.
Tagalog
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from English ess, the English name of the letter S/s.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ʔes/ [ʔɛs]
- Rhymes: -es
- Syllabification: es
Noun
[edit]es (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔)
- the name of the Latin-script letter S/s, in the Filipino alphabet
See also
[edit]- (Latin-script letter names) titik; ey, bi, si, di, i, ef, dyi, eyts, ay, dyey, key, el, em, en, enye, en dyi, o, pi, kyu, ar, es, ti, yu, vi, dobolyu, eks, way, zi
Further reading
[edit]- “es”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Anagrams
[edit]Tocharian A
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Tocharian *ānse, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓms-o-s, a form of *h₂ṓms. Compare Tocharian B āntse.
Noun
[edit]es
Turkish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Turkic *es (“memory, mind”).
Noun
[edit]es
Derived terms
[edit]Welsh
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]es
Synonyms
[edit]- euthum (literary)
- Latvian etymologies from LEV
- Translingual terms derived from Spanish
- Translingual abbreviations
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- ISO 639-1
- Translingual radio slang
- Translingual terms with usage examples
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- en:Latin letter names
- English terms suffixed with -s
- English non-lemma forms
- English noun forms
- English terms with rare senses
- English verbs
- English pronunciation spellings
- en:Cyrillic letter names
- English heteronyms
- English two-letter words
- Afrikaans terms inherited from Dutch
- Afrikaans terms derived from Dutch
- Afrikaans terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Afrikaans terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Afrikaans lemmas
- Afrikaans nouns
- Alemannic German terms with IPA pronunciation
- Alemannic German lemmas
- Alemannic German articles
- Alemannic German terms with quotations
- Alemannic German terms inherited from Middle High German
- Alemannic German terms derived from Middle High German
- Alemannic German terms inherited from Old High German
- Alemannic German terms derived from Old High German
- Alemannic German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Alemannic German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Alemannic German pronouns
- Alemannic German personal pronouns
- Aragonese lemmas
- Aragonese pronouns
- Aromanian terms inherited from Latin
- Aromanian terms derived from Latin
- Aromanian lemmas
- Aromanian verbs
- Bavarian lemmas
- Bavarian pronouns
- Bavarian personal pronouns
- Catalan terms inherited from Latin
- Catalan terms derived from Latin
- Catalan 1-syllable words
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan pronouns
- Catalan personal pronouns
- Catalan articles
- Balearic Catalan
- Catalan non-lemma forms
- Catalan noun forms
- Cimbrian terms inherited from Middle High German
- Cimbrian terms derived from Middle High German
- Cimbrian terms inherited from Old High German
- Cimbrian terms derived from Old High German
- Cimbrian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Cimbrian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Cimbrian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Cimbrian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Cimbrian lemmas
- Cimbrian pronouns
- Cimbrian personal pronouns
- Sette Comuni Cimbrian
- Crimean Tatar terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Crimean Tatar terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Crimean Tatar lemmas
- Crimean Tatar nouns
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech indeclinable nouns
- Czech neuter nouns
- cs:Latin letter names
- Czech non-lemma forms
- Czech noun forms
- Danish lemmas
- Danish nouns
- Danish neuter nouns
- da:Card games
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛs
- Dutch terms with homophones
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -en
- Dutch masculine nouns
- nl:Music
- Dutch adverbs
- Dutch informal terms
- Dutch dialectal terms
- Dutch terms with usage examples
- Dutch abbreviations
- Dutch heteronyms
- Dutch modal particles
- nl:Trees
- Finnish terms derived from German
- Finnish 1-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/es
- Rhymes:Finnish/es/1 syllable
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- fi:Music
- Finnish risti-type nominals
- French 1-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- Rhymes:French/ɛ
- Rhymes:French/ɛ/1 syllable
- French terms with homophones
- French non-lemma forms
- French verb forms
- Fuyug lemmas
- Fuyug nouns
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Galician non-lemma forms
- Galician verb forms
- German 1-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio links
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German lemmas
- German pronouns
- German terms with usage examples
- German terms with quotations
- German articles
- Regional German
- German colloquialisms
- German personal pronouns
- German indefinite pronouns
- Guinea-Bissau Creole terms derived from Portuguese
- Guinea-Bissau Creole lemmas
- Guinea-Bissau Creole pronouns
- Hunsrik terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hunsrik lemmas
- Hunsrik pronouns
- Hunsrik personal pronouns
- Icelandic 1-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ɛːs
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ɛːs/1 syllable
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic nouns
- Icelandic neuter nouns
- Icelandic countable nouns
- is:Music
- Ido terms borrowed from English
- Ido terms derived from English
- Ido terms borrowed from French
- Ido terms derived from French
- Ido terms borrowed from Italian
- Ido terms derived from Italian
- Ido terms borrowed from Spanish
- Ido terms derived from Spanish
- Ido terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ido non-lemma forms
- Ido verb forms
- Ido apocopic forms
- Ido terms with usage examples
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Indonesian terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Indonesian/ɛs
- Rhymes:Indonesian/ɛs/1 syllable
- Rhymes:Indonesian/s
- Rhymes:Indonesian/s/1 syllable
- Indonesian terms borrowed from Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from Old Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- id:Latin letter names
- Interlingua terms with IPA pronunciation
- Interlingua non-lemma forms
- Interlingua verb forms
- Kabuverdianu terms derived from Portuguese
- Kabuverdianu lemmas
- Kabuverdianu pronouns
- Latgalian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Latgalian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Latgalian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Latgalian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latgalian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latgalian lemmas
- Latgalian pronouns
- Latgalian personal pronouns
- Latin 1-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin indeclinable nouns
- Latin feminine indeclinable nouns
- Latin feminine nouns
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin verb forms
- la:Latin letter names
- Latvian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latvian terms with audio links
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian pronouns
- Latvian personal pronouns
- Latvian terms with usage examples
- Latvian nouns
- Latvian masculine nouns
- Latvian indeclinable nouns
- Lower Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Lower Sorbian lemmas
- Lower Sorbian nouns
- Lower Sorbian masculine nouns
- Lower Sorbian inanimate nouns
- dsb:Latin letter names
- Malay terms borrowed from English
- Malay terms derived from English
- Malay terms with IPA pronunciation
- Malay lemmas
- Malay nouns
- ms:Latin letter names
- Middle Dutch non-lemma forms
- Middle Dutch pronoun forms
- Middle Dutch verb forms
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English determiners
- Middle English pronouns
- Middle English non-lemma forms
- Middle English verb forms
- Middle French terms inherited from Old French
- Middle French terms derived from Old French
- Middle French non-lemma forms
- Middle French verb forms
- Middle French contractions
- Middle Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle Irish lemmas
- Middle Irish nouns
- Middle Irish feminine nouns
- mga:Mustelids
- Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk verb forms
- Occitan non-lemma forms
- Occitan verb forms
- Ojibwe terms inherited from Proto-Algonquian
- Ojibwe terms derived from Proto-Algonquian
- Ojibwe lemmas
- Ojibwe nouns
- Ojibwe animate nouns
- Old French lemmas
- Old French prepositions
- Old French terms with quotations
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish nouns
- Old Irish non-lemma forms
- Old Irish prepositional pronouns
- sga:Cattle
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es-
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Norse
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Norse
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse non-lemma forms
- Old Norse verb forms
- Old Norse archaic forms
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse pronouns
- Old Norse conjunctions
- Pennsylvania German terms with IPA pronunciation
- Pennsylvania German non-lemma forms
- Pennsylvania German article forms
- Pennsylvania German lemmas
- Pennsylvania German pronouns
- Pennsylvania German personal pronouns
- Plautdietsch non-lemma forms
- Plautdietsch verb forms
- Romagnol terms inherited from Early Medieval Latin
- Romagnol terms derived from Early Medieval Latin
- Romagnol terms inherited from Latin
- Romagnol terms derived from Latin
- Romagnol lemmas
- Romagnol verbs
- Romagnol auxiliary verbs
- Sawi lemmas
- Sawi interjections
- Scots lemmas
- Scots nouns
- Spanish 1-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Spanish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Spanish/es
- Rhymes:Spanish/es/1 syllable
- Spanish terms inherited from Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Spanish terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Spanish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Spanish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Spanish non-lemma forms
- Spanish verb forms
- Spanish noun forms
- Sudovian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Sudovian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Sudovian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sudovian lemmas
- Sudovian pronouns
- Sudovian terms with quotations
- Tagalog terms borrowed from English
- Tagalog terms derived from English
- Tagalog 1-syllable words
- Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Tagalog/es
- Rhymes:Tagalog/es/1 syllable
- Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation
- Tagalog lemmas
- Tagalog nouns
- Tagalog terms with Baybayin script
- tl:Latin letter names
- Tocharian A terms inherited from Proto-Tocharian
- Tocharian A terms derived from Proto-Tocharian
- Tocharian A terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Tocharian A terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Tocharian A lemmas
- Tocharian A nouns
- xto:Body parts
- xto:Plants
- xto:Trees
- Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Turkish terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Turkish terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish nouns
- Turkish terms with archaic senses
- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Welsh/eːs
- Rhymes:Welsh/eːs/1 syllable
- Welsh non-lemma forms
- Welsh verb forms
- Welsh colloquial verb forms