慈姑

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See also: 慈菇

Chinese

[edit]
compassionate; gentle; merciful
compassionate; gentle; merciful; kind; humane
 
 paternal aunt
trad. (慈姑) 慈 姑
simp. #(慈姑) 慈 姑
alternative forms 慈菇 “arrowhead”
慈菰 “arrowhead”
茨菇 “arrowhead”
茨菰 “arrowhead”

Etymology

[edit]

Concerning the name of the plant, Compendium of Materia Medica says:

一根歲生十二子，如慈姑之乳諸子，故以名之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
一根岁生十二子，如慈姑之乳诸子，故以名之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Yī gēn suì shēng shí'èr zǐ, rú cígū zhī rǔ zhū zǐ, gù yǐ míng zhī. [Pinyin]
One [arrowroot] yields twelve fruits, as a kind mother gives birth to many sons, hence it is so called.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

慈姑

  1. (literary) husband's mother; mother-in-law
  2. arrowhead (Sagittaria sagittifolia)
  3. (dialectal) water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis)

Synonyms

[edit]
  • (arrowhead):
Dialectal synonyms of 慈姑 (“arrowhead”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 慈姑
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 慈姑
Harbin 慈姑
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 慈姑
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 慈姑
Xi'an 慈姑
Xuzhou 慈姑
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 慈姑
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 慈姑兒
Wuhan 慈姑
Guiyang 慈姑
Liuzhou 慈姑
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 慈姑
Yangzhou 慈姑
Cantonese Hong Kong 慈姑
Dongguan 慈姑
Beihai 慈姑
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 慈姑
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 慈姑
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 慈姑
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 慈姑
Móng Cái 慈姑
Gan Nanchang 慈姑
Hakka Hong Kong 芽菇
Huizhou Jixi 慈姑
Southern Min Xiamen 田藕
Leizhou 水菇囝
Haikou 慈姑
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 慈姑
Wu Shanghai 慈姑
Shanghai (Chongming) 慈姑
Suzhou 慈姑
Danyang 慈姑
Hangzhou 慈姑
Ningbo 慈姑
Wenzhou 慈姑
Jinhua 慈姑
  • (water chestnut):
Dialectal synonyms of 荸薺 (“Chinese water chestnut”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 芍, 鳧茈, 鳧茨, 烏芋
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 荸薺
Taxonomic name 荸薺
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 荸薺
Taiwan 荸薺
Chengde 荸薺
Chifeng 地梨兒
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 荸薺
Heihe 地梨
Qiqihar 地梨
Harbin 荸薺
Baicheng 地梨
Tonghua 地梨
Shenyang 荸薺
Jinzhou 荸薺
Singapore 馬蹄
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 荸薺
Tangshan 荸薺
Cangzhou 荸薺, 地梨兒
Baoding 荸薺, 地梨兒
Shijiazhuang 荸薺
Lijin 荸薺
Jinan 荸薺
Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 荸薺
Dandong 荸薺
Yantai 地梨兒
Yantai (Muping) 地梨兒
Qingdao 地薺
Zhucheng 地薺
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 荸薺
Lingbao 荸薺
Jining 荸薺
Linfen 地梨兒
Shangqiu 荸薺
Yuanyang 荸薺
Zhengzhou 荸薺
Xinyang 地梨兒
Baihe 荸薺
Xi'an 荸薺
Baoji 荸薺
Tianshui 荸薺
Xining 荸薺
Xuzhou 荸薺
Fuyang 荸薺, 地梨子
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 荸薺
Lanzhou 荸薺
Dunhuang 荸薺
Hami 荸薺
Ürümqi 荸薺
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 慈姑兒, 荸薺
Nanchong 土菜瓜
Dazhou 荸蒜兒
Hanyuan 荸薺
Xichang 荸薺
Zigong 荸薺
Chongqing 荸薺兒
Wuhan 荸薺
Yichang 荸球
Xiangyang 荸薺
Tianmen 荸薺
Guiyang 荸薺
Zunyi 荸薺
Bijie 荸薺
Liping 荸薺
Zhaotong 荸薺
Dali 荸薺
Kunming 荸薺
Mengzi 荸薺
Guilin 馬蹄
Guilin (Lingui) 馬蹄
Liuzhou 馬蹄, 蒲薺, 蒲慈 dated
Liuzhou (Luorong) 馬蹄
Jishou 荸薺子
Changde 薺米
Hanzhong 荸薺
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 荸薺
Yangzhou 荸薺
Lianyungang 荸薺
Nantong 荸薺
Wuhu 薺子
Hefei 荸薺
Huanggang 荸薺
Hong'an 荸薺
Cantonese Guangzhou 馬蹄
Hong Kong 馬蹄
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 馬蹄
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 馬蹄
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 馬蹄
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 馬蹄
Macau 馬蹄
Guangzhou (Panyu) 馬蹄
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 馬蹄
Guangzhou (Conghua) 馬蹄
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 馬蹄
Foshan 馬蹄
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 馬蹄
Foshan (Shunde) 馬蹄
Foshan (Sanshui) 馬蹄
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 馬蹄
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 馬蹄
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 馬蹄
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 馬蹄
Zhuhai (Doumen) 馬薺
Jiangmen (Baisha) 馬薺
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 馬薺
Taishan 馬薺
Taishan (Guanghai) 馬薺
Kaiping (Chikan) 馬薺
Enping (Niujiang) 馬薺
Heshan (Yayao) 馬蹄
Dongguan 田薺, 馬蹄
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 馬蹄
Qingyuan 馬蹄
Fogang 馬薺
Yingde (Hanguang) 馬蹄
Yangshan 馬蹄
Lianshan (Butian) 馬蹄子
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 馬蹄
Shaoguan 馬蹄
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 馬蹄
Renhua 馬薺
Lechang 馬蹄
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 馬蹄
Sihui 馬蹄
Guangning 馬蹄
Deqing 馬蹄
Huaiji 馬蹄
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 馬蹄
Yunfu 馬蹄
Xinxing 馬蹄
Luoding 馬蹄
Yunan (Pingtai) 馬蹄
Yangjiang 馬蹄子
Xinyi 馬蹄子
Maoming (Xinpo) 馬蹄
Lianjiang 馬蹄子
Nanning 馬蹄
Wuzhou 馬蹄
Yulin 馬蹄
Hepu (Lianzhou) 馬蹄, 馬蹄子
Hepu (Shatian) 馬蹄
Guiping 馬蹄
Mengshan (Xihe) 馬蹄
Guigang (Nanjiang) 馬蹄
Beiliu (Tangliao) 馬蹄
Baise 馬蹄
Bobai 馬蹄
Lingshan 荸薺
Pubei 荸薺
Qinzhou 馬蹄
Beihai 馬蹄
Beihai (Nankang) 馬蹄
Beihai (Yingpan) 馬蹄子
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 馬蹄
Ningming 馬蹄
Hengzhou 馬蹄
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 馬蹄
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 馬蹄
Penang (Guangfu) 馬蹄
Singapore (Guangfu) 馬蹄
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 馬蹄
Móng Cái 馬蹄
Mandalay (Taishan) 馬薺
Gan Nanchang 荸救
Lichuan 馬絲
Pingxiang 慈姑
Hakka Meixian 馬薺, 馬蹄
Xingning 馬薺
Dabu (Xihe) 馬薺
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 馬薺, 馬蹄
Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua) 馬蹄
Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua) 馬蹄
Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua) 馬薺
Huidong (Daling) 馬薺, 馬蹄
Dongguan (Qingxi) 馬薺
Longmen (Pingling Bendihua) 馬蹄
Longmen (Luxi Bendihua) 馬薺
Boluo (Bendihua) 馬蹄
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 馬蹄
Zengcheng (Zhengguo) 馬蹄
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 馬蹄
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 馬蹄
Heyuan (Bendihua) 馬蹄
Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua) 馬蹄
Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) 馬蹄
Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua) 馬薺
Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) 馬薺
Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua) 馬蹄薺
Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) 馬蹄
Wengyuan 馬薺
Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua) 馬薺
Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua) 馬薺
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 馬蹄
Liannan 馬蹄
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 馬薺
Jiexi 馬薺
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 薺蔥
Changting 馬薺
Wuping 馬薺
Wuping (Yanqian) 馬薺
Wuping (Pingyu) 馬薺
Liancheng 馬薺
Ninghua 馬薺
Yudu 馬薺, 馬薺子
Ningdu 馬薺子
Ruijin 馬薺
Shicheng 馬薺
Shangyou (Shexi) 荸薺
Tonggu (Sandu) 馬薺
Ganzhou (Panlong) 荸薺
Dayu 荸薺
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 馬薺
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 馬薺
Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) 馬薯
Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) 馬薺
Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) 馬錢
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 馬薺
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 馬薺, 脆薯
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 馬薺
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 馬薺
Hong Kong 馬蹄
Yangxi (Tangkou) 馬蹄子
Yangchun (Sanjia) 馬蹄子
Xinyi (Sihe) 馬蹄
Xinyi (Qianpai) 馬蹄
Gaozhou (Xindong) 馬蹄
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 馬蹄
Huazhou (Xin'an) 馬蹄子
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 馬蹄
Lianjiang (Qingping) 蹄子
Mengshan (Xihe) 馬蹄
Luchuan 馬蹄
Luchuan (Daqiao) 馬蹄
Beiliu (Tang'an) 馬蹄
Mashan (Pianlian) 馬薺
Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) 馬蹄
Senai (Huiyang) 馬蹄
Huizhou Jixi 荸薺
Shexian 荸薺
Huangshan (Tunxi) 荸薺
Xiuning 荸薺
Yixian 荸薺
Qimen 荸薺
Wuyuan 蒲薺
Chun'an (Qiandaohu) 荸薺
Chun'an (Jiangjia) 荸薺
Jiande (Meicheng) 荸薺
Jiande (Shouchang) 地荸薺
Jin Taiyuan 荸薺
Jining 地梨
Hohhot 地梨兒
Erenhot 地梨兒
Pingshan 地梨兒
Zhangjiakou 荸薺
Suide 荸薺
Northern Min Jian'ou 莓薺
Jian'ou (Dikou) 莓薺
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 莓薺, 網薺
Pucheng (Shibei) 蠓薺
Eastern Min Fuzhou 莓薺
Fuzhou (Changle) 莓薺
Fuqing 莓薺
Yongtai 莓薺
Gutian 莓薺
Fu'an 薺栗
Ningde 莓薺
Shouning 水薺
Zhouning 莓薺
Fuding 莓薺
Matsu 莓薺
Southern Min Xiamen 馬薺
Xiamen (Tong'an) 馬薺
Quanzhou 馬薺
Jinjiang 馬薺
Yongchun 馬薺
Zhangzhou 田藕
Zhangzhou (Longhai) 田薺仔
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 田藕
Pinghe 馬薺
Zhangpu 田藕
Yunxiao 錢蔥
Zhao'an 錢蔥
Dongshan 馬薺蔥
Taipei 馬薺
Taipei (Wanhua) 馬薺
New Taipei (Tamsui) 馬薺
New Taipei (Sanxia) 馬薺
New Taipei (Pingxi) 馬薺
Kaohsiung 馬薺
Kaohsiung (Cijin) 馬薺
Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) 馬薺
Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) 馬薺
Kaohsiung (Tianliao) 馬薺
Yilan 馬薺
Yilan (Toucheng) 馬薺
Changhua (Lukang) 馬薺
Taichung 馬薺
Taichung (Wuqi) 馬薺
Tainan 馬薺
Tainan (Anping) 馬薺
Taitung 馬薺
Hsinchu 馬薺
Kinmen 馬薺
Penghu (Magong) 馬薺
Penghu (Xiyu) 荸薺
Penang (Hokkien) 馬蹄
Singapore (Hokkien) 馬薺, 錢蔥
Longyan 田藕
Datian 馬薺, 荸薺
Chaozhou 錢蔥
Raoping 錢蔥
Shantou 錢蔥
Shantou (Chenghai) 錢蔥
Jieyang 錢蔥
Puning 錢蔥
Haifeng 馬蹄
Bangkok (Teochew) 錢蔥
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 錢蔥
Leizhou 馬蹄子
Haikou 馬蹄子
Qionghai 馬蹄子
Puxian Min Putian 莓薺
Xianyou 莓薺
Central Min Yong'an 馬薺
Sanming (Sanyuan) 馬薺
Sanming (Shaxian) 馬薺
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 馬蹄
Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 馬蹄
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 馬蹄
Nanning (Shajing) 馬蹄
Binyang (Xinqiao) 馬蹄
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 荸薺
Guilin (Chaoyang) 荸薺
Guilin (Zhuyuan) 荸薺
Yangshuo (Jima) 荸薺
Wu Shanghai 荸薺, 地栗
Shanghai (Chongming) 地栗
Suzhou 荸薺
Wuxi 荸薺
Danyang 荸薺
Hangzhou 荸薺
Ningbo 蒲薺, 地栗
Wenzhou 荸薺
Jinhua 蒲薺
Jinhua (Tangxi) 糖蒲薺
Xiang Changsha 荸薺, 荸薺子, 慈姑子
Xiangtan 慈姑子
Loudi 慈姑子
Shuangfeng 慈姑子
Quanzhou 馬蹄
Guanyang (Wenshi) 馬蹄

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • → Macanese: chicú

Japanese

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Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
慈姑 (kuwai): the arrowhead plant.
Kanji in this term
慈 姑
くわい
Grade: S Hyōgai
jukujikun

Etymology

[edit]

Unknown. One theory suggests that this is an alteration from 川芋 (kawa imo, “river tuber”), but the old kana spelling of くわゐ (kuwawi) for 慈姑 does not match the old kana spelling of かはうも (kafaumo) for 川芋. This is more likely a compound of 鍬 (kuwa, “plow”), from the shape of the leaves, plus an unknown element ゐ (wi).

The kanji are an orthographic borrowing from Chinese name for this plant.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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慈姑(くわい) or 慈姑(クワイ) • (kuwai) ←くわゐ (kwawi)?

  1. arrowhead, Sagittaria trifolia var. edulis, cultivated since ancient times for its edible bulb

Usage notes

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As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as クワイ.

Derived terms

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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