-te

See also: Appendix:Variations of "te"

Chuukese

Suffix

-te

1. (auxiliary) Used to express negative tense in the determinate; never

Dutch

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch -ede, from Old Dutch -itha, from Proto-West Germanic *-iþu, from Proto-Germanic *-iþō. More at -th.

Middle Dutch -ede was shortened to -de in late Middle Dutch, and the suffix was devoiced to -te according to the 't kofschip rule. This voiceless variety was then taken to be the suffix proper and the voiced variety gradually fell out of use.

Suffix

-te f (plural -ten or -tes)

1. appended to an adjective, making a feminine noun which refers to the size or quality referred to by the adjective, cognate to -th.

   ‎hoog + ‎-te → ‎hoogte

   ‎ruim + ‎-te → ‎ruimte

   ‎breed + ‎-te → ‎breedte

   ‎lang + ‎-te → ‎lengte

   ‎gewoon + ‎-te → ‎gewoonte

2. appended to the stem of a verb, yields a feminine noun which refers to the object of such a verb.

   ‎behoeven + ‎-te → ‎behoefte

   ‎beloven + ‎-te → ‎belofte

Derived terms

Dutch terms suffixed with -te

• kilte
• laagte
• steilte

 

Etymology 2

Suffix

-te

1. See ge- -te.

Etymology 3

Suffix

-te

1. (after voiceless consonants) Alternative form of -de (forms the singular of the past tense of weak verbs)

   ‎maken + ‎-te → ‎maakte

German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tə/

Etymology 1

From Middle High German -te, -ete, from a merger of several Old High German conjugations.

Alternative forms

• -ete (used with most stems in -d, -t, and consonant + -n, -m)

Suffix

-te

1. forms the first-person and third-person singular of the past tense and past subjunctive of weak verbs and some irregular verbs

   ‎reisen (“to travel”) + ‎-te → ‎reiste (“[I] travelled; [he] travelled”)

Etymology 2

From Middle Low German and Middle Dutch -te, from Proto-Germanic *-iþō, whence also inherited but equally rare German -de.

Suffix

-te f (plural -ten)

1. (rare, not productive, only as synchronic surface analysis) forms nouns from adjectives

   ‎flau (“slack, windless”) + ‎-te → ‎Flaute (“slackness, stagnation”)

   ‎halb (“half”) + ‎-te → ‎Hälfte (“half, fifty percent”)

   ‎raum (“wide, open”) + ‎-te → ‎Räumte (“cargo capacity of a ship”)

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tɛ]

Suffix

-te

2. 2. (past-tense suffix) Forms the third-person singular indicative past definite form of verbs.

      ‎keres (“to search”) + ‎-te → ‎kereste (“he/she (has/had) searched”)

   4. (verbal-participle suffix) Forms the verbal participle of verbs, always following the agent noun.

      ‎nevel (“to bring up, to raise”) + ‎-te → ‎[az anyja] nevelte [gyermek] (“[the child] raised by [his/her mother]”, literally “his/her-mother-raised child”)

4. (noun-forming suffix) Forms nouns from certain verbs (cf. -és), incorporating the third-person singular possessive suffix (-e), which can be replaced by other personal possessive suffixes.

   ‎érkezik (“to arrive”) + ‎-te → ‎érkezte (“his/her/its arrival”)

Usage notes

• (past-tense and verbal-participle suffix) Variants:

  -ta is added to most back-vowel verbs

  -te is added to most front-vowel verbs

  -tta is added to back-vowel verbs ending in a vowel (hí, rí, szí; ó, ró; fú)

  -tte is added to front-vowel verbs ending in a vowel (lő, nő, sző; nyű)

  -otta is added to back-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (fut, nyit, except lát)

  -ette is added to unrounded front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (vet)

  -ötte is added to rounded front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (köt, süt, üt)

• (noun-forming suffix) Variants:

  -ta is added to most back-vowel verbs

  -te is added to most front-vowel verbs

  -tte is added to front-vowel verbs that originally ended in a vowel (like jön, originally jő)

  -ata is added to back-vowel verbs that form the infinitive with a linking vowel (like hall)

  -ete is added to front-vowel verbs that form the infinitive with a linking vowel (like kell)

Derived terms

Hungarian nouns suffixed with -te

See also

• Category:Hungarian verbal participles
• Category:Hungarian verb forms
• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

Further reading

• Károly, Sándor. Az istenadta-féle szerkezetek személyragos tagjának szófaji jellegéről (“On the part of speech of the personal-suffixed elements of istenadta [‘God-given’]-like structures”). In: Nyelvtudományi Közlemények (“Linguistic Publications”), vol. 59 (1957), pp. 130–150.
• Simonyi, Zsigmond. Isten-adta (“God-given”). In: Magyar Nyelvőr (“Hungarian Language Guardian”), vol. XXXVI (1907), pp. 16–35 in the offprint (issue 5, May 15 in the original, pp. 193–205, 264–271).

Irish

Suffix

-te

1. slender form of -ta (plural suffix)
2. slender form of -ta (past participle suffix)

Latin

Suffix

-te

1. masculine vocative singular of -tus

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old French -te, -tet, from Latin -tās, -tātem; compare -ite.

Alternative forms

• -tee, -tei, -tey, -tie, -ty, -tye
• (from early Old French -tet) -tet, -teth, -tethe, -teþ, -tith, -tithe

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /-ˈteː/, /-teː/

Suffix

-te

1. Forms abstract nouns from adjectives.

   Synonym: -ite

Usage notes

• Syncope sometimes results in the replacement of -ite with -te. For instance, trinte is sometimes found for trinite (“Trinity”).
• Conversely, learned influence may sometimes result in -te with -ite, especially when the word goes back to a Latin original with -itās. This is exemplified by the replacement of personalte (“personality”) with personalite in later Middle English (compare Latin persōnālitās).
• As in modern English, -ite tends to attract stress to the antepenultimate syllable, while -te leaves stress where it was on the root.

Derived terms

Middle English terms suffixed with -te

Descendants

• English: -ty
• Scots: -ty

References

• “-tẹ̄, suf.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

Suffix

-te

1. (following fricatives) Alternative form of -th (abstract nominal suffix)

Etymology 3

Suffix

-te

1. (following fricatives) Alternative form of -the (abstract nominal suffix)

Etymology 4

Suffix

-te

1. (following fricatives) Alternative form of -the (ordinal suffix)

Etymology 5

Suffix

-te

1. Alternative form of -ty

Old English

Suffix

-te

1. Alternative form of -de used to form the first and third person singular preterite indicative of certain class I weak verbs

   ‎reċċan (“to explain, argue”) + ‎-te → ‎rehte (“I/he/she/it explained, argued”)

Saterland Frisian

Etymology

From Old Frisian -te, -ithe, from Proto-Germanic *-iþō. More at -th.

Suffix

-te f

1. Forms abstract nouns from verbs, adjectives, or other nouns; -th

Derived terms

Saterland Frisian terms suffixed with -te

Scottish Gaelic

Alternative forms

• -da, -de, -ta

Etymology

From Old Irish -de.

Suffix

-te

1. Used to form adjectives from nouns, in the sense of having the object represented by the noun.

   'S crìochnaichte an sgeul. ― The story is finished.

   ‎beum (“stress”) + ‎-te → ‎beumte (“stressed”)

   ‎blas (“taste”) + ‎-te → ‎blasta (“tasty”)

   ‎drabas (“filthiness of speech, smut”) + ‎-te → ‎drabasda (“obscene, ribald, smutty, dirty, indelicate”)

Derived terms

Scottish Gaelic terms suffixed with -te

Swedish

Alternative forms

• -de

Suffix

-te

1. Alternative form of -de; suffix to create preterite tense of verbs if the stem ends in a unvoiced consonant (this form of the suffix is only applicable to verbs which end in -er in the present tense)

Anagrams

• -et

Turkish

Suffix

-te

1. Alternative form of -da (locative suffix) (after a front vowel followed by an unvoiced consonant)