Wikipedia:WikiProject Missing encyclopedic articles/DNB Epitome 60

This listing page belongs to Wikipedia:WikiProject Dictionary of National Biography, spun out of the “missing article” project, and is concerned with checking whether Wikipedia has articles for all those listed in the Dictionary of National Biography (DNB), a 63-volume British biographical dictionary published 1885-1900 and now in the public domain. This page relates to volume 60 running from name Watson to name Whewell.

Scope of the subproject:

It is envisaged that the following work will be done:

Checks made that links on this page point to a wikipedia article about the same person;
Addition of new articles for all red-links based on DNB text;
Checking whether blue-linked articles would benefit from additional text from DNB.

Listings are posted as bulleted lists, with footnotes taken from the DNB summaries published in 1904. The listings and notes are taken from scanned text that is often corrupt and in need of correction. Not all the entries on the list correspond to actual DNB articles; some are “redirects” and there are a few articles devoted to families rather than individuals.

If you are engaged in this work you will probably find quite a number of unreferenced articles among the blue links. You are also encouraged to mention the DNB as a reference on such articles whenever they correspond to the summary, as part of the broader campaign for good sourcing. A suggested template is {{DNB}}.

Locating the full text:

DNB text is now available on Wikisource for all first edition articles, on the page s:Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Vol 60 Watson - Whewell. Names here are not inverted, as they are in the original: Joe Bloggs would be found at Wikisource s:Bloggs, Joe (DNB00). The text for the first supplement is available too: NB that this Epitome listing includes those supplement articles also.

List maintenance and protocols:

List maintenance tasks are to check and manipulate links in the list with piping or descriptive parenthetical disambiguators, and to mark list entries with templates to denote their status; whilst as far as possible retaining the original DNB names:

piping: [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot, 1st Baron Colchester|Charles Abbot]]
descriptive parenthetical disambiguators [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot (botanist)]]
both combined [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot (botanist)|Charles Abbot]]

The work involves:

Checking that bluelinks link to the correct person; if so, {{tick}} them. If not, try to find the correct article and pipe or disambiguate the link.
Check whether redlinks can be linked to an article by piping or disambiguation.
Create articles based on the DNB text for redlinks for which no wikipedia article can be found
Check whether existing blue-linked articles could benefit from an input of DNB text (e.g. the article is a stub), and if so, update the article from DNB

A number of templates are provided to mark-up entries:

{{mnl}} the link runs to a wrong person; - produces the text: ^{[link currently leads to a wrong person]}. It is preferable to amend the link by adding a disambiguator to make it red, if an article for the correct person cannot be found
{{dn}} the link runs to a dab page - produces the text ^{[disambiguation needed]}. It is preferable to amend the link by adding a disambiguator to make it red, if an article for the correct person cannot be found
{{tick}} the link has been checked and runs to the correct person - Y
{{tick}} {{tick}} the text of the linked article has been checked against DNB text and would not benefit from additional DNB text - Y Y
{{tick}} {{cross}} the text of the linked article looks short enough to suggest it would benefit from additional DNB text - Y N

Note that before creating new articles based on DNB text you should undertake searches to check that the article's subject does not already have an article. It is easily possible that the disambiguation used in this page is not the disambiguation used in an existing wikipedia article. Equally, feel free to improve upon the disambiguation used in redlinks on this page by amending them.

Supplement articles:

Because of the provenance of the listing, a number of the original articles will not in fact be in the announced volume, but in one of the three supplement volumes published in 1901. Since the DNB did not include articles about living people, this will be the case whenever the date of death is after the publication date of the attributed volume. In due course there will be a separate listing.

General thoughts:

This project is intended as a new generation in “merging encyclopedias”, as well as being one of the most ambitious attempted. For general ideas of where we are, and some justification of the approach being taken, see the essay Wikipedia:Merging encyclopedias.

Helpful access templates:

helpful templates

There are two templates to help link to the correct page: {{Cite DNBIE}} and {{DNBIE}}. The page number automatically link to the correct url for the page at the Internet Archive site.

{{Cite DNBIE|title=Dove, John|page=358}}

Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

and

{{DNBIE|title=Dove, John|page=358}}

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

if a wstitle= parameter is used in place of title= then the templates also link the DNB article on Wikisource:

{{cite DNBIE|wstitle=Dove, John (d.1665?)|page=358}}

Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John (d.1665?)". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

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19 42 John Whethamstede

Notes

^ Alexander Watson ( 1815?–1865), divine; son of Joseph Wateon; M.A. Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 1840; held various curacies and benefices, 1840-65; edited and published sermons.
^ Anthony Watson (d. 1605), bishop of Chichester; fellow of Christ's College, Cambridge, 1572; M.A., 1575; D.D., 1596; rector of Cheam, 1581-1606, and of Storrington, 1592-1605; dean of Bristol, 1590-7: chancellor of Wells, 1592-6; lord almoner, 1595-1605; bishop of Chichester, 1596-1605.
^ Sir Brook Watson , first baronet (1735–1807), merchant and official: went to sea before 1749; commissary at the sieges of Beausejour, 1755, and Louisbourg, 1758; merchant in London, 1759: commissary-general in Canada, 1782-3, Flanders, 1793-5, and in Great Britain from 1798; M.P., London, 1784-93; a director of the Bank of England; alderman, 1786, sheriff, 1786, and lord mayor of London, 1796-7; created baronet, 1803.
^ Caroline Watson (1761?–1814), engraver in stipple; daughter of James Watson (1739?-1790).
^ Charles Watson (1714–1767), rear-admiral; entered the navy, 1728; lieutenant, 1735: captain, 1738; commodore on the North American station, 1748: rearadmiral, 1748; commander-in-chief in the East Indies, 1754-7; co-operated with Robert Clive in reducing Gherian, February 1756, recovering Calcutta, December 1756, reducing Chandernasjore, March 1757, and crushing Suraj ud Dowlah, June 1757; his name, by Clive's contrivance, fraudulently attached to a fictitious treaty to deceive Omichund; died in Bengal; monument in Westminster Abbey.
^ Christopher Watson (d. 1581), historian and translator; M.A. Cambridge, 1569; probably beneflced in Norfolk: published a translation of Polybius, and a life of Henry V, 1568; published a catechism, 1579; his manuscript notes concerning Durham are in the British Museum.
^ David Watson (1710–1756), translator; native of Brechin; M.A. St. Andrews; published a text andprose version of Horace, 1741, and a manual of classical mythology, 1752.
^ David Watson (1713?–1761), major-general, royal engineers; lieutenant of foot, 1733; captain, 1745; lieutenant-colonel, 1746; military engineer in Flanders, 1742-5, serving at Dettingen, 1743, and Fpntenoy, 1715; military engineer in Scotland, 1745-64, serving at Falkirk, January 1746, and Culloden, April 1746, and superintending the military survey of Scotland, 1747-64; planned defensive works in the south of England, 1755-6; captain, royal engineers, 1757; served against St. Malo, 1758; quartermaster-general in Germany, 1768-61; distinguished himself at Miuden, 1759; major-general, 1759.
^ George Watson (1723?–1773), divine; scholar, 1744, and fellow, 1747-54, of University College, Oxford; M.A., 1746; published theological tracts.
^ Watson liKultGB (1767–1837), portrait-painter ; Supil of Ali-x:niiliT Naxmyth, and, 1786-7, of Sir u-hii:i KcynoMs; titled ax an artist In burgh; tir.-t in-iu-nt of the ( Uoyal) Scottish Academy, be.
^ Henry Watson (1737–1786), ___ educated at Woolwich; ensign, 1765; lieutenant, served at lidleinle, 1761, and Havana, 1762: captain, 1763; ii,-;,i-,-i,!:.-,-r i, ik-uga!. 1764, and chief engineer, 1765; inntrii.-!.-l.lo.-k- ut r..!.-utu; returned to BogLin.!: tranalated Baler on shipbuilding, 1776; again rved in India, 1780-6.
^ Hbwett Cottrbll Watson (1804 - 1881). botanist; inherited a Derbyshire estate, e. 18S6; ftodied mlogy and natural history in Edinburgh, 18W-M: settled at Thames Ditton, 1833; published phrenological tnatfsm UM; tdtttd ktaPhnoototfeaJ fannD ORH 1840: vialted the Axores, 184S; edited the London Catalogue of British Plant* 1844-74: contributed an articleOn the Theory of Progressive Development to the 'Phytologist 1846: published a classification of British plants according to local distribution Cybele Britannica with supplement* and aCompendium 1847-73, and Topographical Botany 1873-4, with other botanical tracts.
^ James Watson (fl. 1722), Scottish printer; printer in Edinburgh from 1695: imprisoned for a pamphlet on the Ihirii-n grievaiuv, 1700; published the Edinburgh Gazette from 1700, and the Edinburgh Couraut from 1706; published Comic and Serious Scottish Poems 1706-11; opened a bookseller's shop, 1709; joint king's printer in Scotland, 1711.
^ James Watson (1739?–1790), mezzotint engraver: an Irishman: trained in London: engraved portraits after Reynolds; exhibited engravings, 1702-75.
^ James Watson (1766?–1838), agitator; probably an apothecary in Bloomsbury: became, with his son James (of. 1836), a leader of the tavern club, which advocated the communistic views of Thomas Spence, 1814; a leader of the riotous mob, December 1816; acquitted of a charge of high treason, June 1817; withdrew to America.
^ James Watson (1799–1874), radical publisher; warehouseman in Leeds, 1817; became a freethinker, 1819; salesman in London for Richard Carlile q. v., 1822: imprisoned, 1823; compositor and manager of Carllle's business, 1825: adopted Robert Owen's co-operative schemes, 1826: storekeeper of the Co-operative Association, 1828: printer and publisher, 1831, issuing, among other books, cheap reprints of Tom Paine's works; imprisoned, 1833 and 1834; a leading chartist, 1837; joined Mazzini's International League 1847; agitated for freedom of the press.
^ John Watson (d. 1530), friend of Erasmus; fellow of Peterhouse, Cambridge, 1501-16; travelled in Italy; rector of Elsworth, 1516, and of St. Mary Woolnoth. London, 1523; master of Christ's College, Cambridge, 1517-30; D.D. Cambridge, 1517; prebendary of Southwell, 1523; one of the divines selected to answer for Cambridge University Henry VIII's questions about his divorce.
^ John Watson (1520–1584), bishop of Winchester; fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, 1540: M.A., 1544: prebendary of Winchester, 1651; rector of Kelshall and of Winchfield, 1554, with other benefices; chancellor of St. Paul's, 1558; archdeacon of Surrey. 1669; master of St. Cross, Winchester, 1568; dean of Winchester, 1570, and bishop, 1580-4.
^ John Watson (1726–1783), antiquary ; fellow of Brasenoee College, Oxford, 1746; M.A., 1748; curate at Halifax, 1750-4; incumbent of Ripponden, near Hallfax, 1754-66: F.S.A., 1759; rector of Stockport, 1789; publishedHistory and Antiquities of... Halifax 1775, and Memoirs of the... Earls of Warren and Surrey 1776; made large historical collections for Cheshire.
^ John Dawson Watson (1832–1898), artist: trained at Manchester, 1847, and London, 1851; exhibited in Manchester, 1861, and In London. 1869-9 J: member of the Society of Painters in Water-colours, 1869; a prolific book illustrator; painted In water-colours.
^ John Forbes Watson ( MHJ7-1M92). India: M. A and M.D. Aberdeen,. Bombay, 1860-1; director of the India Museam, !* *j; Htu-hM U th- In:...,,.,mrtii,.-i.t of tin- international exhibitions, 186S, 1868, 1871; poblUb.
^ John Selby Watson (1804–1884), author and murderer; If. A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1844: curate In 9o r tt, IBM 11. MbooiiMta !i Mo i-i! rOi DMtxted, 1841 i for murdering his wife, 1871: texts and tranalations; compiled biography of Porson, 1861.
^ Jonas Watson (1661–1741), artillery offleer: served In Ireland and Planden: lieutenant-colonel. 17X7; commanded the artillery at Gibraltar, when hfdegBl. 1727; killed at Carthagena.
^ Joseph Watson (1766?-18*9), author of treatises on deaf and dumb Instruction; pupil of Thomas Braidwood: master of the Kent Road deaf and dumb asylum, London.
^ Joshua Watson (1771–1866), London wine-merchant, 1792-1814; a Tractarian high-church party; first treasurer ofthe National s.--i.-ty, 1811-42: an active member of most church institutions and associations, and one of the Hackney Phalanx; hon. D.O.L. Oxford, 18SO.
^ Justly Watson (1710?-1767), military engineer; son of Jonas Watson: artillery officer at Gibraltar. 17'7; joined the engineers, 1732: served at Oarthagena, 1741, and in the futile attempt* on Cuba, 1741, and Panama, 1742; stationed at Jamaica, 1742-4; surveyed Darien and Florida, 1743; served in the descent on Brittany, 1746: chief engineer In the MM way district, 1748; reported on West African station*, 1756-6; stationed In Nova Scotia, 1757, and died there; lieutenantcolonel, royal engineers, 1767.
^ Sir Lewis Watson , first BABOX ROCK; (1584-1653), of Rockingham Castle. Northamptonshire: entered Magdalen College, Oxford, 1699; stud.: Middle Temple, 1601; knighted, 1608; a cour friend of George Vllliers, first duke of ~ ; M.P., Lincoln, 1614, 1621, 1624; created baronet, 1621; sheriff of Northamptonshire, 1632-1; arrested for allowing parliament troops to occupy Rockingham Castle, 1643; joined Charles I at Oxford; created Baron Rockiugham, 1646; compounded for his estates, 1647.
^ WATSON, MUSGRAVE LEWTHWAITB (1804-184 7), sculptor, etcher, and painter In water-colour*; solicitor! apprentice at Carlisle, 1821; practiced drawing; art , student in London, 1824, and Rome; opened a studio In London, 1828; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1819-47: executedThe Battle of St. Vincent* bas-relief on the Nelson Monument.
^ Peter William Watson (1761–1830), boUnist; tradesman in Hull; devoted to natural science: a landscape-painter; published. 1824-6,Dendrologia Britannica an account of foreign trees and shrubs adapted to the climate of Britain.
^ Richard Watson (1612–1686), royalist writer; a Londoner; M. A. Caius College, Cambridge, 1636: fellow, 1636-44; ejected by the parliament; master of Perse School, Cambridge, 1636-42; royalist chaplain in Paris; restored to his fellowship, 1660; D.D. Oxford. 166t; rector of Pewsey, 1662; prebendary of Salisbury, 1664, with other preferment; published TerM praising Charles I, treatises against presbyterlanism, and puritanism, and other controversial works, 1649-84.
^ Richard Watson (1737 1816), bishop of Llandaff; scholar of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1767; second wrangler, 1769; fellow. 1760; M.A. 176S: professor of chemistry, 1764: F.1CS.. 1769: D.D. and regius professor of divinity, 1771; made a discovery which led to the black-bulb thermometer; prebendary, 1774, and archdeacon of Bly, 1779-82; offended the court by a whig sermon, 1776; rector of Northwold, 1779-81; rector of Knaptoft, 1781; bishop of Llandaff, 1782; inherited an estate, 1786; wrote In favour of Pitt's war policy, 1798; advocated the union with Ireland, 1799 and Roman catholic emancipation, 1804; published .,-iil research, ermtn.v.Tsia! tracts, and sermons and charges; defended Christianity against Uwxd Gibbon, 1776, and Thomas Paine, 179G: his advice to government (1787) on improvements in gunpowder said to have resulted in a saving of 100,000l. a year.
^ Richard Watson (1781–1833), methodist divine; apprenticed to a joiner at Lincoln, 1795; Wesleyan preacher, 1796-1801; minister of the methodist New connexion 1803-7; editor of the Liverpool Courier 1808; Wesleyan minister, 1812-33; London secretary to Wesleyan missions, 1816-27, 1832-3; agitated for abolition of slavery, 1825-32; published a life of John Wesley, papers on Wesleyan missions, theological text-books, and sermons.
^ Robert Watson (fl. 1555), protestant; a civilian; steward to Archbishop Cranmer; imprisoned as a protestant, 1554-6; went abroad on his release; published, 1556, Btiologia an account of his trial.
^ Robert Watson (fl. 1581–1605), almanac-maker; of Queens' College and Clare Hall, Cambridge; B.A. Clare Hall, Cambridge, 1585; licensed to practise physic, 1589; settled at Brain tree; first known issue of his almanac, 1595, latest, 1605.
^ Robert Watson (1730?–1781), historian; professor of logic, St. Andrews; principal of St. Salvator's College, 1777; minister of St. Leonard's parish, St. Andrews, 1777; published histories of Philip II. of Spain 1777, and, posthumously (1783), of Philip III.
^ Robert Watson (1746–1838), adventurer; rose to be colonel in Washington's army; M.D.; secretary to Lord George Gordon, 1780; an advocate of revolution; imprisoned as a political suspect, 1796-8; fled to Paris and became English tutor to Napoleon; known as Chevalier Watson; principal of Scots College, Paris, c. 1802-8; teacher of English in Rome, 1816-19; purchased at Rome the Stuart papers from an attorney, who had been confidential agent to Henry, cardinal York (1725-1807), 1817 (papers seized by the Vatican, and finally delivered to the prince regent); obtained in all 3.600l. from the English ministry for his find; committed suicide in London; published life of Lord George Gordon, 1795; edited Political Works of Fletcher of Saltoun, 1798, and, 1821, Chevalier Johnstone's Memoirs of... 1745.
^ Rundle Burges Watson (1809–1860), captain, RJ?.; lieutenant, 1829; captain, 1842; commanded a squadron in the Baltic, 1854-5.
^ Samuel Watson (1663–1715), sculptor in wood and stone; employed at Chatsworth, 1693-1707.
^ Thomas Watson (1513–1584), bishop of Lincoln ; fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1535; M.A., 1637; D.D., 1554; a humanist; wrote a Latin tragedy, Absolon (Absalom; rector of Wyke Regis, 1545; chaplain to Stephen Gardiner, 1645-53; imprisoned, 1547-8 and 1550; a leading Roman catholic preacher in London, 1553-3; master of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1553-4; dean of Durham, 1553-7; one of the disputants against Cranmer at Oxford, 1554; one of Cardinal Pole's commission to visit Cambridge University, 1557; bishop of Lincoln, 1557; deprived of his see, June 1559; kept in custody, 1559-84.
^ Thomas Watson (1567?–1592), poet; possibly educated at Oxford; law-student in London; studied Italian and French poetry; circulated in manuscript Latin poems, and Latin versions of some of Petrarch's eonnete; visited Paris, 1681, and formed a friendship with Sir Francis Walsingham; published a Latin version of the Antigone of Sophocles, with an appendix of Latin allegorical poems and experiments in Latin metres, 1581; contributed commendatory verses, Latin and English, to his friends' books; published, 1582, EtcdTouiraBia, or Passionate Centurie of Loue eighteen-line English poems (called sonnets), reflecting classical and French and Italian poems, and being in some cases translations; published Latin versions of Tasso's Aminta 1585, and of Raptua Helenas from the Greek of Coluthus, 1586; his version of the Aminta rendered into English, without authority, by Abraham Fraunce, 1587; published "The first Sett of Italian Madrigalls " " 1590, and an Eglogue (Latin and English) on Walsingham's death, 1590. His Latin pastoral Amynta? Gaudia appeared posthumously in 1592, and The Tears of Kaneie, sixty English sonnets, in 1593; a few previously unpublished poems appeared in The Phoenix Nest 1593, and England's Helicon IG(K). His sonnets were do-ely studied by Shakespeare and other contemporaries. He was the Amyntas of Spenser's Colin Clout's come home again (1595). and was declared by Francis Meres to be the equal of Petrarch, Theocritus, and Virgil.
^ Thomas Watson (d. 1686), puritan divine : educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge; chaplain to Mary, widow of Horace Vere, baron Tilbury; intruded minister of St. Stephen's, Walbrook, London, 1046; joined in the London ministerspetition against Charles I's execution, 1649; imprisoned as a suspected royalist intriguer, 1651; ejected from St. Stephen's, 1660: preacher in London, 1660-80; published devotional works, 16521669. His Body of Practical Divinity appeared posthumously, 1692.
^ Thomas Watson (1637–1717), bishop of St. David's; fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1660; M.A., 1662; D.D., 1675; rector of Burrough Green, Cambridgeshire; a strong supporter of James II; bishop of St. David's, 1687; opposed William III's government, 1692-6; involved in a controversy with his registrar, Robert Lucy, 1694; accused of simony, 1695; found guilty and deprived of his see, 1699; vainly tried, 1700-5, to obtain reversal of the sentence, which his friends believed to have been influenced by his Jacobite opinions.
^ Thomas Watson (d. 1744), captain in the navy ; lieutenant, 1733; lost his ship, the Northumberland, in a badly fought action, 1744; died of wounds.
^ Thomas Watson (1743–1781), engraver; engraved portraits, both in stipple and mezzotint; printseller in London.
^ Sir Thomas Watson , first baronet (1792–1882); physician; fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1816; studied medicine in London and Edinburgh; M.D. Cambridge, 1825; became a leading physician in London, 1825-70; F.R.C.P., 1826, Gulstonian lecturer, 1827, Lumleian lecturer, 1831, and censor, 1828, 1837, and 1838; physician to Middlesex Hospital, London, 1827-43; professor at University College, London, 1 828-31, and at King's College, London, 1831-40; F.R.S., 1859; created baronet, 1866; active member of College of Physicians; published Lectures on the... Practice of Physic 1843.
^ Walter Watson (1780–1854), Scottish poet; private in the Scots greys, 1799-1802; afterwards a weaver; published songs and verses, 1808, 1823, 1843; his Select Poems published, 1853.
^ William Watson (1559?-1603), conspirator; visited Oxford, 1569; went to Rheims, 1575; secular priest, 1586; sent on the English mission; imprisoned, 1586, and again, 1587; protested against Anthony BabIngton's plot, 1587; escaped to Liege, 1588; mission priest in west of England, 1590; imprisoned, 1597 and 1599-1602; opposed the appointment of George Blackwell as archpriest, 1600; strenuously opposed the Jesuits, and especially their project of conveying the English crown to the infanta of Spain: author, or part-author, of four books printed at Rheims, 1601, against Robert Parsons and the Jesuits, the longest being Ten Quodllbeticall Questions concerning Religion and State; negotiated with Bishop Richard Bancroft about an oath of allegiance which Roman catholics might conscientiously take, 1602; provoked by James I's failure to obtain toleration for Roman catholics, became a leader of the Bye or PriestsPlot and privy to the Main plot, 1603; informed against by the Jesuits; executed at Winchester.
^ Watson Sm WILLIAM (1715–1787), physician and naturalist; apothecary's apprentice in London, 1730; apothecary, 1738; F.R.S., 1741; honorary M.D., Halle, 1757; physician to Foundling Hospital, London, 1762-87; F.R.O.P., 1784, and censor, 1785 and 1786; knighted, 1786; published botanical papers from 1744, notes of electrical experiments, 1745-63, and some medical papers, 1762-8.
^ Watson .- 1 it WILLIAM ( 1 7 1 1 : - .'.', ?). physician : M.I).; K.H.S., 17ti7; knight"!, 17r,-. j.ruU.My Villi:un V;u-m(1715-1787)
^ William Watson , Luitn WATBOX (18f7-189), : t-lui-ated at Glasgow and BUnbtUfh ! LI. I* ted advocnt --ared funn-of Dr. Kl-.v:ird Williai l the r. !K-,5; solicitor-general for BcoUand, 1 I.-.n of Faculty of Advocate*, 1876: lonl advocate and M.I tor iloivow and Aberdeen universities, 1876: prlTy councillor, Is7h; Appointed ordinary lord of appeal and created life peer, 1880. -IL uL608
^ Sir William Henry Watson (1798–1880), e Peninsula, 1812-14, and at Waterloo, 1815: called to bar at Lincoln's Inn, 1833: Kinsale, 1841-7, and Hull, 1854-6: baron of the and knighted, 1866; published two legal treaties, 1826-7.
^ Watson - WENTWORTH. CHARLES, second Marquis of Rockingham (1730-17H2X styled Viscount Higham from 1734, and Earl of Malton from 1746; of Westminster School and St. John's College, Cambridge; served as volunteer against the Scottish insurgents, 1746; created Earl of Malton in the Irish peerage, 1760; sue. oeeded to the marqnlaate, 1760; held decided whig opinions: lord of the bedchamber, 1751-62; lord-lieutenant of North and East Ridings of Yorkshire, 1761; vice-admiral of Yorkshire, 1768; out of favour and dismissed from his offices, 1762; premier of a coalition ministry, July 1765; mortified George III by repealing the Stamp Act, opposing grants to the king's br and condemning general warrants; dismissed from office, July 1766; failed to form a whig ministry, 1767: a leader of the opposition in the House of Lords,! 1768-81: supported proposals to grant independence to UnAmerican colonies and partial enfranchisement of Roman catholics, 1778; prime minister, March 1782.
^ James Watt (1698–1782), merchant ; chief magistrate of Groenock, 1751.
^ James Watt (1736–1819), engineer; suffered throughout life from weak health: studied geometry. 1749; showed great manual dexterity: served for a yeur under a London philosophical-instrument maker: mathematical-instrument maker In the precincts of Gla-oxv University, 1757; while repairing a model of John Newt-omen's steam-engine, discovered the cause of its waste of power, 1764; devised the separate condenser and the air-pump, to obviate the defect, 17f.5: went into partnership with John Roebuck to construct improved steam-engines, but their experimental engine proved unsatisfactory; employed in survey work for canals and harbours, e. 1760-74: latented his Watt steam-engine, 1769; obtained a prolongation of his patent, 1775; in partnership with Matthew Boulton, at Soho Engineering Works, Birmingham, 1775-lbOO; frequently visited Cornwall to superintend construction of engines to drain mines; experimented to obtain rotary motion from his reciprocating engine, at first by applying the crank, e. 1780, afterwards by the 8un-and-planet wheel, 1781; made use of theexpansiveness of steam to obtain the double stroke, 1782, and introduced other mechanical improvements, 1784; adopted the centrifugal governor for regulating speed of steam-engines; patented a fuel-saving furnace. Ids last patent, 1786: engaged in litigation to protect his patents, 1792-1800; invented copying-ink, 1780; independently discovered the composition of water (his dephlogisticated air= oxygen andphlogiston= hydropen), 1782-3; projected the screw-propeller, 1784; retired and devoted himself to mechanical and chemical research: F.R.8., 1786; LL.D. Glasgow, 1806; accorded a Monument in Westminster Abbey.
^ James Watt (1769–1848), engineer : son of James Watt (1736-1819); resided In Paris, 1789-94; partner In Bonlton & Watt, engineers, Birmingham, 1794; fitted the Caledonia with engines, and steamed to Holland and up the Rhine, this being the first steamship to leave an English port, 1817: Improved nuuiije engtae
^ James Henry Watt (1799–1867), line-engraver and book illustrator. i- -1
^ Robert Watt (1774–1819), bibliographer : began life aa plougbboy; studied in Glasgow University. 1792-6, and Edinburgh, 1796-7: snhoolmeatfr at Symington. Ayrshire. 1797-8: oompletei his medical eoww at Qla*gow ( 1798-9; practitioner In Paisley. 1799, and in Glasgow, t. 1810-17; poblUhed medical paprr Aberdeen, 1810: publUhedCatalogue of Medical Hooka :-;.:;,...,:i. A..-...;;. Bibliotbeca Britannlca a general catalogue of M&V*, -.:-,:.t.........;. I-.1.
^ Alario Alexander Watts (177-14), poet : ; editor ofManchester Courier 1K26 6; pub -: -.; i-.::;... -. WTJ - I m litbed Poetical Sketch** 18; veulr an annual, 1824-18; pobUaea c of verse*, partly hl own, partly fugiti author -.,United I8H ir: bankrupt throatf f.-iiiiir.-..f hfemoMfiVMw* paper ventures, I860; publUhed Lyric- of the Heart,* 1860: furnished the letterpre- of Torner*tLiber Fluviorum 1863; obtained civil lift penMoa, 18M; brought out first Issue of Men of the Time 18M. ,., -..
^ Gilbert Watts (d. 1667). divine . College, Oxford, 1614: fellow, 1621-57: D.D., 1641: ale Doe. 1642-7; translated Bacon's -De Aug mentis Scieutiarum 1640.
^ Henry Watts (1815–1884), chemist; B.A. London, 1841; assistant-professor of chemistry. University Collect Li'ii.ion. 1H4C.-57: translated and expanded Leo :ii-linV Huudbnch der Cbemie dirliteen vo 1K48-72; edited the Chem. Journal 1849: F.R.S., 1866; edited Watts's Dictionary of Chemistry 1868, with supplements, 1878 -8L
^ Hugh Watts (1582?–1643), bell-founder of Leicester: cast bells, 1600-43, known as Watt* Nanrene*,* from his favourite inscription; his peal of ten bells for .rk'urctV, Leicester, said to have been the finest in England at the time; mayor of Leicester at diaries Ps visit, 1631.
^ Isaac Watts (1674–1748), hymn-writer; son of a nonconformist schoolmaster; educated at Stoke Newington nonconformist academy, 1690-4; wrote his first hymn, Behold the glories of the Lamb, c. 1695; private tutor, 1696-1702: nonconformist minister in London, 1702-48; hon. D.D. Edinburgh, 1728; composed six hundred hymns, including Jesus shall reign where'er the sun, Our God, our help in ages past and other standard hymns; published Hone Lyrics, religious poems, 1706, Hymns 1707, Divine Songs, hymns for children, 1715, and a selection of metrical Psalms of David 1719; published doctrinal treatises, of Arian tendency, 1722-46, broaching a theory held also by Henry More; compiled educational manuals, including Logic 1725, and Scripture History, 1732; accorded a monument in Westminster Abbey; his Collected Works published, 1810.
^ Mrs. Jane Watts (1793–1816). See Waldie.
^ Sir John Watts (d. 1616), merchant and shipowner; served in one of his own ships against the Armada, 1588; fitted out privateers; alderman of London; governor of the East India Company, 1601; knighted, 1603; an active member of the Virginia Company.
^ John Watts (1818–1887), educational and social reformer; self-taught; lectured in many towns in favour of Robert Owen's communistic ideas; settled in Manchester, 1841; Ph.D. Giessen, 1844; advocated, in Manchester ami district, public parks, rate-supported schools, free libraries, cooperation, technical education; published many pamphlets on educational and economic questions.
^ Richard Watts (15J9-1579), founder of Watts's charity (an almshouse and wayfarers rest) at Rochester; victualling contractor, 1560; deputy-victualler to the navy, 1564 and 1569; surveyor of ordnance, Upnor, IMS; IU Rochester, 1563-7; entertained Queen " 1573.
^ Robert Watts (1820–1895), Irish presbyterian ,livin A IVll":i-t an.l at Li-xinirrcvi aivl lYintv inii. 1'iiitfd States; minister in I'hihvlrlplria. IS53-63, and iliii. 1H63-6: profirssur in tin* prohytorian college, .~t, 1866-95: published theological nepers, inoiodtag , nes of Professor Tyndal, 1874, ami of Herbert Spencer, 1875.
^ Thomas Watts (1811–1869), keeper of printed I books nt the 1'ritisli Museum: acquired most European tuid some oriental languages; advocated general reading j room for British Museum Library, 1836: employed on the library staff from 1838, selecting foreign literature and j classifying acquisitions: superintendent of reading-room, 1847; keeper of printed books, 1866; published biblio- j graphical and philological papers.
^ Walter Henry Watts (1776–1842), journalist and miniature-painter; exhibited miniatures at Royal Academy, 1808-30; member of the Society of Associated Artiste in Water-colours, 1808; parliamentary reporter j toMorning Post 1803-13, and to Morning Chronicle 1813-40; edited Annual Biography and Obituary 18171831.
^ William Watts (1590?–1649), chaplain to Prince Rupert: M.A. Oaius College, Cambridge, 1614; travelled ! on continent; vicar of Barwick, 1624-48; rector of St. Alban, Wood Street, London, 1625-42; army chaplain to Lord Arundel, 1639, and to Prince Rupert, 1642-9; hon. D.D. Oxford, 1639; translated Confessions of St. Augustine 1631 (edited oy Pusey, 1838); edited Historia Major of Matthew Paris, 1640.
^ William Watts (1752–1851), line-engraver; edited Copper-plate Magazine from 1774; published Seats of the Nobility and Gentry 1779-86: published Views in Scotland, 1791-4, in London and Westminster, 1800, in Turkey, 1801, and in Bath and Bristol, 1819.
^ Andre Gilbery Wauchope (1846–1899), major-general: midshipman in navy, 1860; obtained discharge, 1862, and received commission in 42nd regiment, 1865; lieutenant, 1867; in charge of Papho district, Cyprus, i 1878-80; O.M.G., 1880; captain, 1878; served in Egypt, I 1888; major, 1884: in Soudan, 1884; brevet lieutenant- j colonel, 1884; in Nile expedition, 188 1-5: colonel, 1888; ! O.B., 1889: commanded brigade in expedition for recon- j quest of Soudan, 1898; major-general, 1898; commanded highland brigade in General Lord Methuen's column in Transvaal, 1899, and was killed at Magersfontein.
^ Sir John Watjchope (d. 1682), covenanter ; of Niddrie Marischal, Midlothian; knighted, 1633: served in Argyll's army, 1645. lx. 76
^ Alexander Waugh (1754–1827), Scottish divine; educated at Edinburgh University, 1770, in the secession church seminary, 1774, and at Aberdeen University, 1777; M.A. Aberdeen, 1778; D.D., 1815; minister at Newtown, near Melrose, 1780-2, and of the Wells Street congregational church, London, 1782; went on missionary tours in France, Ireland, and Scotland; published sermons, 1825.
^ Sir Andrew Scott Waugh (1810–1878), major-general, royal engineers: educated at Addiscombe and Chatham; lieutenant, Bengal engineers, 1827; went to India, 1829; an extremely accurate worker for trigonometrical survey of India, 1832-43; surveyor-general of India, 1843-61; captain, 1844; lieutenant-colonel, 1847; P.R.S., 1858; returned to England, 1861; major-general and knighted, 1861.
^ Edwin Waugh (1817–1890), Lancashire poet and miscellaneous writer; called the Lancashire Burns; son of a Rochdale shoemaker; self-taught; a journeyman printer: traveller for a Manchester printing firm; publishedSketches of Lancashire Life and Localities 1855; made his mark by the song, Come whoam to the childer anme 1856; published Poems and Songs 1859, and numerous prose and verse pieces connected with Lancashire; granted a civil list pension, 1881.
^ Watton Watjtoh , WALTON, or WALTHONE, Simon IK (d. 1266 X bishop of Norwich : king's clerk ' to King John; incumbent of St. Andrew, Hastings, 1206; a Justice itinerant, 1246; rector of Stoke Prior, Herefordshire, 1263; chief-justice of common picas, 1257; conse crated bishop of Norwich, 1258; supported Henry III against the barons.
^ Albert Way (1805–1874), antiquary ; son of LewU Way; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1834; travelled on continent and in Palestine; fellow of Society of Antiquaries, 1839, and director,! 1842-6; edited Promptorium Parvuiorum (Oamden Soc.), 1843-65.
^ Sir Gregory Holman Bromley Way (1770–1844), lieutenant-general: ensign, 1797; captain, 1802; served at Malta, 1800, and Buenos Ayres, 1807; major, 1808; taken prisoner at Roli,a, 1808; served at Oporto, 1809, Talavera and Busaco, 1810, and Albuera, 1811; lieutenant-colonel of 29th foot, 1811-13; invalids! an I knighted, 1814; O.B., 1815, and deputy adjutant-general in North Britain, 1815-22; lieutenant-general, 1841.
^ Lewis Way (1772–1840), advocate of conversion of the Jews; M.A. Merton College, Oxford, 1796; called to bar, Inner Temple, 1797; took holy orlers; foundtil Marbo3uf (English protestant) chapel, Paris.
^ Way or WEY, WILLIAM (1407?-1476)
^ Waylett Mus. HARRIET (1798–1851), actress: nte Cooke; appeared on the Bath stage, 1816; married Waylett (d. 1840),an actor, 1819; appeared at the Adelphi, London, 1820, in Birmingham, 1823, and in Dublin, 1828; manager of Strand Theatre, London, 1834; long a favourite actress of soubrette parts and a singer in London and the provinces; retired from the stage, 1843; married George Alexander Lee, c. 1840.
^ Waynflete or WAINFLEET, WILLIAM OP (1395 ?-1486), bishop of Winchester: lord chancellor of England and founder of Magdalen College, Oxford; son of Richard Patyn, of Wainfleet; probably educated at Winchester College and New College, Oxford: master of St. Mary Magdalen Hospital, Winchester, 1426; fellow of Eton, 1440, and provost, 1443; a great favourite of Henry VI; added to the buildings at Eton; bishop of Winchester, 1447-86; founded in Oxford a hall dedicated to St. Mary Magdalen, 1448; a commissioner to negotiate with Jack Cade, 1450; approved of the ascendency of Richard, duke of York, 1454; lord chancellor, 1456-60; dissolved Magdalen Hall and founded St. Mary Magdalen College, Oxford, 1458; opposed the Yorkists, 1459; submitted to Edward IV, 1461; released Henry VI from the Tower of London, 1470; again submitted to Edward IV, 1471; entertained Edward IV and afterwards Richard III at Oxford, 1483; founded free school at Wainfleet, 1484.
^ Thomas Wayte (. 1634–1668).
^ John Weale (1791–1862), publisher ; began business in London, c. 1820; published educational text-books in classics, science, architecture, and engineering.
^ Sir Clement Wearg (1686–1726), solicitorgeneral; called to bar, Inner Temple, 1711; whig M.P., Helston, 1724; solicitor- general and knighted, 1724; wrote on the law of divorce, 1723-6.
^ George Hume Weatherhead (1790?–1853), medical writer; M.D. Edinburgh, 1816; L.R.O.P., 1820; published medical treatises and translations, 1819-42.
^ Weathershed or WETHERSHED, RICHARD OP (d. 1231).
^ John Weaver (d. 1685), politician ; M.P., Stamford, 1645-59; a recognised leader of the independents, 1647; refused to sit as one of Charles I's judges, 1649; a commissioner for government of Ireland, 1650-3; memj ber of council of state, 1659-60.
^ John Weaver (1673–1760), dancing-master, and ! the original introducer of pantomimes into England; re! sided in Shrewsbury; brought out in London ballets j (called pantomimes), 1702, 1707, 1716-33, occasionally { taking part himself in their performance; published I treatises on dancing, 1706-28.
^ Robert Weaver (1773–1852), congregational divine and antiquary; pastor at Mansfield,1802-52; published a dissertation on ancient stone monuments in I Britain, entitled Monumenta Antiqua ascribing the i remains of pre-Roman times to Phreniciau influence, 1840, and theological and controversial works.
^ Thomas Weaver 16-1668), poetaster: M.A. Chn-t CJ.nr.-li, Oxfor.l, IC.ld; -li:i; Church. il H; ejectal as a royalist; publUhol.-!,.aml I'IV-MI- ui i.ivi- uii'l Drollery, -man at Liverpool, lf,;i. TI..--T. W..!.-iit w!,., Plautaganeti Tragicall Story a chronicle- poem on Ku-hunl 1 1 1. i probably a different person.
^ Thomas Weaver (1778–1885), geologist; oated at Fribourg, 1790-4: government geologist in Co. Wicklow; mining geologist In Mexico and United State*; F.R.S., 1836; published paper* on geology of Gloucestershire, Somerset, and Ireland, and on carboniferous rocks.
^ Webb Miis. (,. 1793), actress; nie Child; known snocenively as Mrs. Day and Mrs. Webb; first acted at Norwich; a popular aotreas In Edinburgh, 1772-8; a good actress of grotesque parts at Haymurket and Govent Garden Theatres, London, 1778-93.
^ Benjamin Webb (1819–1885) ecclesiologist; educated at St. Paul's School, London, 1838-88; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1845; secretary of the Cambridge Camden Society, and, 1848-63, of the London Ecclesiological Society; incumbent of Sheen, Staffordshire, 1851-62, and of St. Andrews, Well Street, London, 1862-1885; prebendary of St. Paul's, London, 1881; editor of Church Quarterly Review 1881-5; translated foreign theological works; published Sketches of Continental Ecclesiology 1847, and ecclesiological papers.
^ Danibl Webb (1719?-1798), author; entered New College, Oxford, 1735; publishedBeauties of Painting 1760,Beauties of Poetry, 1 1762, Literary Amusement* 1787, and similar works.
^ Francis Webb (1735–1815), miscellaneous writer; educated in Daventry nonconformist seminary; pastor at Honiton; baptist minister in St. Paul's Alley, London, 1758-66: deputy-searcher at Gravesend, 1766-77, and at Poole, 1777; secretary to the envoy to Hesse Oassel, 1786, and to Paris, 1801; published pamphlets;in the whig interest, 1772 and 1775, verses, 1788-1811, and sermons.
^ Francis Cornelius Webb (1826–1873), physician and medical writer; educated at University College, London, 1843; M.D. Edinburgh, 1850; F.R.O.P., 1873; lectured in London on medical jurisprudence and on natural history; published papers on epidemics and sanitation; edited Medical Times and Gazette
^ George Webb (1581–1642), bishop of Limerick : M.A. Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1605: vicar of Steeple Aston; rector of SS. Peter and Paul, Bath, 1621: D.D. and chaplain to Prince Charles, 1624; bishop of Limerick, 1634; published theological and educational works.
^ Webb or WEBBE, JOHN (1611–1672), architect; educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool; pupil of Inigo Jones; supervised the building of Greenwich Palace, 1661-6, and of Burlington House, London, 1664-6; designed several country houses; edited Inigo Jones's tract on Stonehenge, 1655, and published Vindication of Stoneheng Restored 16G5.
^ Sir John Webb (1772–1852), director-general, ordnance medical department; assistant army surgeon, 1794; field inspector, 18U1; director-general, 1813; served In Netherlands, 1794, West Indies, 1795-8, Egypt, 1801-6: knighted. 1821; published account of outbreak of plague among forces in Egypt, 1801-3; C.B., 1860.
^ John Webb (1776–1869), divine and antiquary : educated at St. Paul's School, London; M.A. Wadham College, Oxford, 1802; rector of Tretire; minor canon of Worcester, 1811, and of Gloucester; F.S.A., 1819; wrote words for oratorios. His works include accounts of Herefordshire in the civil war and of Gloucester Abbey.
^ John Richmond Webb (1667?-1724), general ; cornet of dragoons, 1687; colonel of foot, 1695; tory M.P. for Ludgershall, 1690-1710, 1715, 1722; served in Flanders, 1702-3; brigadier-general at Blenheim, 1706; majorgeneral at Ramillies, 1706, and Oudeuarde, 1708; became centre of tory agitation against Marlborough because the credit of protecting convoy, September 1708, from ;:}.......I:.,.-.;,-,:,. I., Webb, but to his whiff subordinate, WQUam OadofM (1676-1716): lieutenant general and peueiooed. . -:- -. i.: V...... -.-,. 1 Isle of Wight and M.P. for Newport, 1710-16; lenenl, land fores. toGreat Britain. 1712-16; 171J dism commander of ssed from office oo fores* toGreat Britain. of George 1.
^ Jonas (1796–1862). itec Babn:!,.:-::: it.1.1,.-. ib tM ;-i. n,Md.:, rthprm!..,. m tt m
^ Matthew Webb (1848–1888), known as CapUin i,b; tlie Channel swimmer: apprentice in matoantUe marine, 1862, mate, 1866, and capuin, 1876; swam from Dover to Calais in twenty-two boors, August 1876; drowned In attempt to swim Niagara rapid*,
^ Philip Barker Webb (1793–1864), of Harrow and Cl.ri.-t Chnn-h. Oxford; entered Lincoln's Inn. 1*12; B.A., 1815; studied geology under William liuckland; travelled In Italy, Greece, and the Troad, 1817-18, re-discovering the SoamandcraBd Mmok: Oaglad Ds4na U ton; IBM ta -; i,.-. I'Ttugal and Morocco, 1827, Canary Islands, 1828-80, Italy. IM- 10, tad -...:. ir,:.mi. Ml; saos* I i oda (French, Italian, and EnglishX diawrtetions oo topography of the Troad, 182O and 1844, and treatises oo natural history of Spain, Portugal, and Morocco, 1818 and 1853, and of Canary islands, 1836-50; his collections kept in the museum at Florence.
^ Philip Carteret Webb (1700–1770), antiqnary and politician:a London attorney; of the Middle Temple and Lincoln's Inn: secretary of bankrupts in court of chancery, c. 1746-66; FJ8.A., 1747; F.RA, 1749; M.P., Haslemere, 1764-68; joint solicitor to treasury, 1766-66; leading official in prosecution of John Wilkes, 1763; pob lanl Ix. 107 llshed, among other works, pamphlets against the Pretender, 1745. and against Wilkes, 1763. and legal collected copies of public records, coin*, and marbles and bronzes.
^ Thomas William Webb (1807–1885). nomer: son of John Webb (1776-1869); MJL Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1882; minor canon of Gloucester; incumbent of Hard wick, 1856-85; prebendary of Heroford; an excellent observer, studying particularly lunar phenomena; published popular treatises on astronomy and optics.
^ Edward Webbe (. 1590), master-gnnner and adventurer: servant at Moscow to Anthony Jenkinson, 1566-9; enslaved by Crim Tartars at burning of Moscow, 1571; master-gunner at takin? of Tunis by Don John of Austria, 1672; gunner in the Turkish service; ransomed. 1588; master-gunner under Henri IV at Ivry, 1590; published his narrative, c. 1590.
^ Joseph Webbe (. 1612–1688), grammarian and physician; M.D M perhaps of Padua: published astrological tract at Rome, 1612: translated Cicero's * Familiar Epistles r. 1620; published two tracts advocating colloquial teaching of languages, 1622-8; taught tchooi in the Old Bailey, London, 1623; published tract on Latin prosody, 1626.
^ Samuel Webbe , the elder (1740–1816) composer: bred a cabinet-maker: member, 1771, and fccretanr, 1794-1812, of Catch Club; librarian of Glee Club, 1787; organist to chapeh. of Sardinian and Spanish sies; teacher of church music; composed nt glees, catches, part-songs, motets, antipnoos, and other music.
^ Samuel Webbe , the younger (1770 M8U), teacher and composer: son of Samuel Weboe the elder ; organist In Liverpool, 1798; mnsto-teacber la London, 1817; organist to chapel of Spanish embassy; again organist in Liverpool; composed glees, madrigala, motets, and anthems, and other church music.
^ William Webbe (. 1686–1591) author of 'A Discourse of English Poetrie 1686, containing valuable Information about contemporary poets; college friend at Cambridge of Edmund Spenser; B.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1573: tutor in gentlemen's families in Essex, 1583-91: one of the school which protested against rhyme and wished to naturalise classical in
^ John Webber (1750?-1793), landscape-painter : of Swiss extraction: art student at Kerne, 1763-f., ami Paris, 176C-71: decorative painter in London; exhibited por trait at Royal Academy, 17 7ti: dhuiffhtanaa on Captain James Oook's thinl voyage, 1776-80; published coloured etchings of places visited on that voyage, 1787-92; exhibited English, Welsh, Swiss, and North Italian views at Royal Academy, 1784-93; R.A., 1791.
^ Henry William Weber (1783–1818), editor of plav and romances: of German extraction; bora at St. Petersbnrg; amanuensis in Kdinburgh to Sir Walter Scott, 1804: became insane, 1813. His publications include reprints of old ballads and romances, 1808-10, slovenly editions of dramas of John Ford, 1811, and Beaumont and Fletcher, 1812, andIllustrations of Northern Antiquities from... Romances 1814.
^ Otto Weber (1832–1888), painter of landscapes and animals: born in Berlin; exhibited in Paris, 1864-9; settled in London, 1872; member of the Institnte of Painters in Oil-colours; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1874-88.
^ Alexander Webster (1707–1784), Scots writer; son of James Webster; minister of Culross, 1733-7, and of Tolbopth Church, Edinburgh, 17371784: a staunch Hanoverian; drew up actuarial scheme for church of Scotland, 1742-4 (published, 1748); moderator of general assembly, 1763; collected census statistics for Scotland, 1755; hon. D.D. Edinburgh, 1760; dean of Chapel Royal, London, 1771; published sermons.
^ Mrs Webster . AUGUSTA (1837–1894), poet ; nte Julia Augusta) Davies; educated at Cambridge and Paris; married, 1863; published, under pseudonym of Cecil Home, poems, 1860 and 1864, and a novel, 1864; member of London school board, 1879-82. Her works include, poems, Dramatic Studies 1866, Portraits 1870 (including The Castaway a poem which won the admiration of Browning), A Book of Rhyme 1881, also dramatic pieces,The Auspicious Day 1872,Disguises 1879, 4 In a Day 1882, The Sentence 1887; and translations from Greek, Prometheus Bound 1866, and Medea 1868, besides essays.
^ Nottingham Benjamin (1797–1882), actor and dramatist; played harlequin, and acted small parts at Warwick, c. 1818, and other midland towns and in Ireland; dancer and actor of minor parts in various London theatres, 1819-20, in Birmingham and north of England, 1821-3, and at Drury Lane, London, 1823-8; recognised as a leading comedian from 1829, acting in London at Haymarket, Drury Lane, Covent Garden, and Adelphi theatres, and creating many parts in contemporary comedy; long manager of Haymarket ami Adelphi theatres; compiled about a hundred comedies and farces, mainly adaptations from French, from 1837; retired from stage, 1874; last appeared, 1875.
^ James Webster (1658?–1720), Scottish divine; educated at St. Andrews; imprisoned as a covenanter minister of Liberton, 1688, and of the collegiate church, Edinburgh, 1693-1720.
^ John Webster (1580?–1625?), dramatist; son of a London tailor; freeman of Merchant TaylorsOompany, 1604; collaborated with Drayton, Anthony Munday, Middleton, and Thomas Dekker in producing Caesar's Fall and Two Harpes and with Chettle, Dekker, Heywood, and Wentworth Smith in producing Lady Jane and with Chettle, Dekker, and Heywood in producing Christmas comes but once a year for Philip Henslowe's company, 1602; collaborated with Dekker in two comedies Westward Hoeand Northward Hoe 1603-4 (published, 1607), and possibly with William Rowley inA Cure for a Cuckold (printed, 1681); completed for stage John Mansion's Malcontent 1604; with Dekker wrote venei for Stephen Harrison's Arches of Triumph 1604, describing James I's formal entry into London; with Heywood and Tourneur published elegies on Prince Henry, 1612; brought out a weak tragi-comedy, The Devil's Law Case before 1619; compiledMonuments of a pageant for the lord mayor's procession, 1624. His tragedies, founded on Italian novelle, and approaching in tragic power nearest of his contemporaries to Shakespeare, are The White Divel produced, c. 1608, Appius and Virginia c. 1609, Duchess of Malfi c. 1616. Lost plays are a tragedy on contemporary French history, entitled Guise and written in conjunction with John Ford, c. 1624), A late Murder of the Son upon tin Mother. The attribution to him of a share in The Thracian Wonder (printed 1661) and The Weakest goes to the Wall (comedy, printed, 1600) is erroneous. Collected editions of his plays were published, 1830, by Alexander Dyce, and, 1856, by William Hazlitt.
^ John Webster (1610–1682), puritan writer; latinised as Johannes Hyphastes; probably studied at Cambridge; curate of Kildwick in Craven, 1634; master of Clitheroe grammar school, 1643: chaplain and surgeon in parliamentary army; intruded vicar of Mitton, Yorkshire, c. 1649; popular preacher and theological disputant in London, 1653; practised medicine at Clitheroe, 16571682; published two devotional works,The Saint's Guide 1653, andThe Judgment Set and the Kooks opened 1654; adversely criticised university education in Academiarum Examen 1654; ridiculed the credulity of Henry More (1614-1687) and others inThe Displaying of Supposed Witchcraft 1677; has been confused with John Webster the dramatist.
^ Thomas Webster (1773–1844), geologist: educated at Aberdeen; travelled in England and France, making architectural sketches; architect in London: published valuable memoirs on upper secondary and tertiary strata of Isle of Wight and south-east of England; curator of Geological Society's Museum; professor of geology, University College, London, 1812-4.
^ Thomas Webster (1810–1875), barrister; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1835; called to bar, Lincoln's Inn, 1841; F.R.S., 1847; a leading authority on patent law; published works on navigation of the Mersey, 1848-1857.
^ Thomas Webster (1800–1886), painter and etcher; chorister, St. George's Chapel, Windsor; art student in London, 1821; exhibited, 1823-79, chiefly scenes from school and village life; R.A., 1846.
^ William Webster (1689–1758), divine; M.A. Caius College, Cambridge, 1716; D.D., 1732; curate in London, 1716; rector of Depden, 1733; vicar of Ware and Thundridge, 1740; published, among other works, 'Remarks on the Divine Legation(of William Warburton, Pope's friend), 1739, andA Complete History of Arianism from 306 to 1666 1735; put into the Dunciad 1742.
^ Georg Rudolph Weckherun (1584–1653), tinder-secretary of state; native of Stuttgart; studied law at TUbingen: entered the WUrtemberg diplomatic service; employed on diplomatic missions in Germany, France, and England; married an English lady, 1616; under-secretary of state in England, 1624-41; secretary for foreign tongues to the parliament, 1644-9: retired in ill-health; recalled to assist John Milton in Latin secretaryship, March to December 1652; wrote verses in English, French, German. His English verses include Triumphal Shows... at Stutgart 1616, and Panegyricke to Lord Hay 1619. His German verses imitate English and French models.
^ James Weddell (1787–1834), navigator; merchant seaman; sent prisoner to Rainbow frigate for mutiny, 1808; rated as midshipman for good conduct; an efficient master on king's ships, 1810-16: commanded Leith sealing-ships in Antarctic Ocean, 1819-24; discovered islands in Antarctic; published, 1825, Voyage towards the South Pole... 1822-4
^ John Weddell (1583–1642). sea-captain ; officer in East India Company's service, 1617-26, 1628-33; commanded squadron which helped shah of Persia to take Ormuz from Portuguese, 1622; joined Dutch in destroying Portuguese squadron in Persian Gulf, 1624; censured by the company for illicit private trading, 1626; commanded king's ship Rainbow, 1627-8; an adherent of Duke of Buckingham, 1628; unjustly held responsible by the company for loss of his ship by fire, 1633; commanded Sir William Courteu's rival trading fleet to India and China, 1636-40; died in India.
^ Alkxanukk Wedderburn i : .M-1650?), Latin scholar; nlu-:itiil at Alx-nltvn; inpli-t-d for prea* his brotii.-r's (b'iM.1 WoMrrimrn ) commentary on i-nntol l;i;i.
^ Wedderburn Sm A! . 1610–1676), of Blackness, FurUr-hir.-; u.wn-cli-rk t Pund.*, 1633 75; iK-ii-io.ii bj.i. a i. I i64; blfhtad, lU'J; M.l, !.. inlet, 1644-61.
^ First baron Loughborough ! first KAIII. K KM.I.YN 1738–1806), lord chancellor: niu.MU-d at Dulki-itli c.-li--.:.UP), 17-jn. at iviiMl.iir.ri..-ottish advocate, 1754; left Scottish bar after insulting in open court Lord-president Cralgie, 1757: called to bar, Inner Temple, 1767; favouriu-of thoEarlof Bute: M.I, Ayr burghs, 1761-8, :.!, Yorkshire, 1768-9, Bishop's Ca*tle, 1769-74, and Okehamptou, 1774-8; bencher, Lincoln's Inn, 1773; deserted the tories and poke In favour of John Wilkea, 1760; violently attacked Lord North's administration, 1770: returned to the torie*, accepting the solicitorgeneralship, 1771: attorney-general, 177; chief- justice of common pleas, 1780-93: created Baron Loughborough, 178U: lord chuuodlor, 1793-1801; created Earl of Kosslyn, 1801.
^ David Wedderburn (1680–1646), Latin poet; ster of Aberdeen grammar school, 1002-40; professor Old was the published, among other Etymology 1857. andC in Murischal College, Aberdeen, 1614-34; official Latin poet of Aberdeen city, 162O-46; compiled a Latin gran. 1680. Hia verses include elegies on Prince Henry, 1612, King James, 1625, and Arthur Johnston, 1041.
^ James Wedderburn (1495?-1563), Scottish poet; educated at St. Andrews, 1614; embraced protestantism: merchant at Dieppe and Rouen; satirised i the Koumm.t* in Beheading of John Baptist a tragedy,, and Dionysius the Tyrant a comedy, acted at Dundee, i 1589-40; wrote religious and anti-Komanist ballads to go to popular tunes, issued as broadxljeete, c. 1540, afterwards 1567) included in Aue Compendious llooke of Godly and .Spirituall Songs; fled to France to escape prosecution for heresy, c. 1640; died in France.
^ James Wedderburn (1686–1639), bishop of , Dunblane; educated at St. Andrews; tutor in Isaac Casaubon's family; beneflced In England, 1615-36; helped Lund to compile the Scottish liturgy; divinity professor, St. Andrews, 1617; D.D. St. Andrews before 1623; canon of Ely, 1626; prebendary of Wells, 1631; dean of Chapel Royal, Stirling, 1635; bishop of Dunblane, 1636: deposed by general assembly, 1638.
^ John Wedderburn (1600?-1556), Scottish poet ; M.A. St. Andrews, 1528: chaplain of St. Matthew's chapel, Dundee, 1532; embraced protestantism, and, like his brother, James Wedderburn (14957-1553), wrote auti-Komauist ballads; withdrew to Witteinberg, 1540; returned to Dundee and printed his ballads, 1542: fled to England, 1646.
^ Wedderburn Sm JOHN (1699–1679), physician ; graduated at St. Andrews, 1618; professor of philosophy, St. Andrews, 1620-30: king's physician in Scotland; knighted; In attendance on the prince (Charles II) in Holland; incorporated M.D. Oxford, 1646; bequeathed his library to St. Andrews University.
^ Wedderburn Sm JOHN, baronet (1704–1746), Jacobite; succeeded a* fifth baronet of Blackness, 1741; taken prisoner at Culloden, 1746; executed.
^ Wedderburn Sm PETEH (1616?-1679), Scottish judge: stylel Lord Gosford; M.A. St. Andrews, 1636; admitted advocate, 1642; a royalist: knighted, 1660; keeper of signet, 1660; clerk to privy council, 1661-8: lord of session, 1668-79; published Decisions of Court of Session... 1668 till... 1677
^ Robert Wedderburn (1510?-1557?), Scottish poet; M.A. St. Leonard's Collide, St. Andrew*. 1530; chaplain of St. Katherine's Chapel, Dundee: vicar of Dundee: wrote anti-Komanist ballads like his brother, James Wcdderburn (14957-1653): pahttahsd in * Ane Compendious Booke of Gaily und Spirituall Songs 1567: withdrew to Paris under suspicion of protestantism, c. 1534; returned to Scotland, 1546.
^ William Wedderburn (1583?-1660), Scottish divine; master of Aberdeen grammar school, 1617; a .. - r,:.... MV Maldrum, 16H, and of Inneroocbtie, 1*L
^ John Wedge 1IKLDKH(17M-187J). colonial rtatmman; government surveyor in Tasmania, 18*7: explored Urge part of Taamania; land speculator at Port (Victoria). 1815: returned to Tasmania, 1841; member of Tasmanian legislature, 1855-71.
^ Wedgwood H ESS LEIGH (1801–1891 Xpbtloo*i*t: ednoated at Kugfoy, and BU John's and Chrtof* eoU*n*, Cambridge; M.A., 18)8; police magi-tniU. Lambeth. 1811-7; registrar of metropolitan carriage*. 1817-49; ..: H i...-.!. FMlM I MM l I: elaborate.! Imitation of natural ,..........;..-..,.,. Etymologies im.
^ Wedgwood Josi AH (1710–1795), potter; working potter at Bnnlem, HtaffonLihire, 1719, flnt a*thrower* on the wheel, then a*modeller: of an Inventive di* positton and fowl of trying experiment*; partner la hmall pot-works near Stoke, 1761, and at Fenton; opened works of hi* own at Bnnlem, 1769, mpplying the mattM and mixing the clay* for hi* workmen with help of hi* cousin, Thomas Wedgwood: greatly improved ordinary ware*, Egyptian ware or black baaaltos, and variegated or marbled ware, and, c. 1769. perfected cream, afterward* culled queen's ware: successfully advocated road-improvement and canal-extension in potteries district; appointed queen's potter, 1762; took into partnership hi* cousin, Thomas Wedgwood, 1766, and Thomas Bentley. 1768; opened new pot-works at Etruria (a village he had built for his workmen), 1769; made use of sulphateof baryta to produce hla finejasperware, 1771-W; P.RA, 1781; F.S.A., 1786; published pamphlets. t patron of Samuel Taylor Coleridge of Sir John Leslie; invented process of copies of object* by action of light on paper
^ Thomas Wedgwood (1771–1805), the flrst photographer: a younger sou of Jmlah Wedrwood: OOBtpaQad through ill-health to abandon profession of jH.tt.r;.uhli.hed researches on heat and light, 1791-8; munificent 179H, and obtaining copies of object* by action of light on paper *. -uMti-ed by nitrate of soda, 1802. lx. 146J
^ Henry Weedall (1788–1859), president of 8t Mary's College, Oscott: educated at Osoott: ehualcal tutor, professor of theology, 1818, and president. 1*28: D.D. by Leo XII, 1829; mission-priest at Leamington: provost of Birmingham; again president of Oscott College, 1863-9; published tenuous,
^ Henry Weekes (1807–1877), sculptor : pupil of William Behnes: assistant to Sir Francis Legatt Chautrey: exhibited at Hoyal Academy, 1818; ., 1863; eminent as portrait-sculptor; e rist Church, Hampshire. Shelley monument at Christ
^ Thomas (Jl. 160SX mmlclan ; organist __ of Winchester College; MnlBac. Oxford, 1608; organist of Chichester Cathedral: publishedMadrigala 1*W. 1598, 1600, and Ayen? 1608; contributed *As Vest* was from Latmos Hill descendingto the Triumph* of Oriana; left in manuscript anthems and lu*trnmeUl
^ Weem 8E, JOHN (1579?-1616).
^ John Weever (1576–1633). poet and antiquary: sirar of QueensCollege, Cambridge, 1594-8; published EpiKramme* 1599, containing interesting appreciation* of Shakespeare, Spenser, BenJoMon, and otW contemporaries:?ubli8bed The Mirror of Martyr* IWUapoem on Sir John Oklcastle, posribly suggested by Shakwpeare'n Henry IV); published a thumb-book of devotional vent entitledAn Agnus Dei 1606; travelled in Franc, and i tid v iiuulc antiauarian tours in England, and rowa Italy; made antiquarian tours in England, i in the Cottonian Library; publishS Ancient FumtU Monument* 1611, faulty, but ralnable through quent destmction of originals. Ix. 149)
^ Thomas Matthias Weguelin (*. 18). o. dler; ensign, Bengal army, 1781; breret captain, 1796; served against Tipu Saib, 1790-J: "tattooed 1799; served at sieges of Owalior, 1801, and cotoneJ, 1833.
^ Edward Henry Wehnert (1813–1868), watercolour painter: educated at Gottingen; art student in r: iri: n-turn.-d to Knidnnd, 1837: painted historical pictures, Including The Prisoner of Gisors; illustrated bMtak t lx - 151 3
^ Thomas Weir (1600?–1670), reputed sorcerer; erred in Ireland, 1041: major in army; a strict covenanter; chief officer major) of Edinburgh town guard, 1660: superintended execution of Montrose; became insane: reputed to possess magic staff, which effected his incantations; burned, aloug with his sister, for sorcery.
^ William Weir (1802–1858), journalist; educated at Ayr Academy and Gottingen; called to the Scottish Iiir,l S-7: edited l Glasgow Argus: journalist in London; joined Daily News staff, 1846; editor of Daily News 1864-8.
^ Willoughby Hunter Weiss (1820-18G7), vocalist and composer: first sang in public, Liverpool, 1842; first appeared in opera, Dublin, 1842; a good concert singer and excellent in oratorio; composed setting for Longfellow's The Village Blacksmith 1864, and other gongs and ballads.
^ Weist -HILL, THOMAS HENRY (1828–1891), musician: professor of violin, Royal Academy of Music; eminent concert violinist: musical director, Alexandra Palace, 1873; principal, Guildhall School of Music, 18801891; composed music for violin and violoncello.
^ Henry Welby (d. 1636), eccentric ; entered St. John's College, Cambridge, 1558, and Inner Temple, 1562; became recluse hi Grub Street, London, in mortification at the dissolute and violent character of his brother John, 1692, spending all his means in charity. His biography, published 1637, styles him The Phoenix of these late Times.
^ John Welch or Welsh (1570?–1622), presbyterian divine; M.A. Edinburgh, 1588; minister at Selkirk, 1690, Kirkcudbright, 1594, and Ayr, 1600; denounced King James VI in violent sermon at Edinburgh, 1596; imprisoned for attending prohibited general assembly at Aberdeen, 1605; banished, 1606; protestant pastor at Nerac and St. Jean d'Angely; expelled from France by Louis XIII, 1621; returned to London, 1621; King James told by his (Welch's) wife that she had rather kep her husband's head in her lap than have him submit to the bishops, 1622.
^ Joseph Welch (d. 1805), compiler of ' Alumni Westmonasterienses (printed, 1788); bookseller's assistant at Westminster.
^ Edward Welchman (1665–1739), theologian ; chorister, Magdalen College, Oxford, 1679-82; fellow, Merton College, Oxford, 1684; M.A., 1688; rector of Lapworth, 1690, and of Solihull, 1736-9; prebendary of St. David's, 1727, and Lichfield, 1732; published annotated edition of Thirty-nine Articles, 1713, and doctrinal treatises and texts.
^ Charles Richard Weld (1813–1869), author ofHistory of the Royal Society 1848; educated in Prance and at Trinity College, Dublin; secretary to Statistical Society, London, 1839; called to the bar, Middle Temple, 1844: assistant-secretary and librarian to Royal Society, 1845-61; published notes of travel, 1860-69; partner in London publishing firm, 1862; British commissioner at Paris exhibition, 18-37.
^ Sir Frederick Aloysius Weld (1823–1891), colonial governor; educated at Stonyhurst College and in Freiburg; emigrated to New Zealand, 1844; explored uninhabited districts, 1851 and 1865: member of legislature, 1863; minister for native affairs, 1860-1; premier, 1864-5, during Maori war; governor of West Australia, 1869, of Tasmania, 1876, of Straits Settlements, 1880-7; made (1883) the arrangements which led to Negri Sembilan becoming a protected state, and established a British agency in Pahang; returned to England, 1887; G.O.M.G., 1886; published pamphlets on New Zealand affairs, 18511869. Port Weld, Perak, is named after him.
^ Isaac Weld (1774–1866), topographical writer; travelled in United States and Canada, 1796-7, publishing his Travel* 1799; published Illustrations of the Scenery of Killnrney 1807; Failed in small steam-boat from Dnnleary to London, 1815: compiledStatistical Survey of... Roscommon 1838.
^ Joseph Weld (1777-18C3), of Lullworth Castle, Dorset; entertained the exiled Charles X of France, 1830.
^ Welde Weld , or WELLS, THOMAS (1590?1662), puritan divine; graduated at Cambridge, 1613; vicar of Terliug, Essex, 1624; ejected for nonconformity, 1631; pastor of First Roxbury, Massachusetts, 1632; joint-author ofThe Bay Psalm Book(so styled), a metrical version of the Psalms, 1640, which was the first volume printed in the American colonies: agent for Massachusetts in London, 1641-6: wrote against antinornums,. 1644; intruded rector of St. Mary's, Guteshead, 1649; wrote against quakers, 1653-4.
^ Thomas Weld (1773–1837), cardinal; approved his father's gift of Stouyhurst to the Jesuits, c. 1789 transferred Lullworth Castle estate to his brother, Joseph Weld, c. 1818; ordained priest, 1821; titular bishopof Amycla, 1826; cardinal, 1830; died at Rome.
^ Sir Anthony Weldon (d. 1649?), historical writer: of Swanscombe, Kent; clerk of the kitchen to James 1, 1604; clerk of the Green Cloth, 1609-17; knighted, 1617; accompanied James I to Scotland, 1617; dismissed from his court place for satirising the Scots, 1617; took the parliament side; joined in suppressing cavalier risings in Kent, 1643 and 1648; his Court and Character of James I published 1650, and augmented, 1651, by Court of King Charles provoked much adverse criticism; wrote a Description of Scotland published, 1G59.
^ Anthony Weldon (Jl. 1648), colonel ; son of Sir Anthony Weldou (d. 1649?); captain at Duncannon; major of horse in Lincolnshire; petitioned parliament against his superiors, 1G43 and 1644; entered Spanish service in Flanders, 1645; canvassed in London for recruits for the Venetian service, 1648; arrested, 1650; allowed to go abroad, 1654; published an autobiographical Declaration 1649.
^ John Weldon (1676–1736), musician ; trained at Eton; organist of New College, Oxford, 1694-1702; gentleman of Chapel Royal, London, 1701, organist, 1708, and composer, 1715; organist of St. Bride's, Fleet Street, London, and, 1726, of St. Martiu's-in-the-Fields, London; composed sacred and secular music.
^ Michael Weldon (fl. 1644), colonel; agent for Long parliament hi Scotland, 1643; colonel of horse it Scots army, 1644; high sheriff of Northumberland, 1644-1645.
^ Ralph Weldon (fl. 1645), colonel; son of Sir Anthony Weldon (d. 1649); commanded regiment of foot in Sir William Waller's army, 1644; commanded a brigade at the relief of Tauntou and the siege of Bristol, 1645; parliamentarian governor of Plymouth, 1645.
^ Ralph Weldon (1674-1713), Benedictine monk; abjured protestantism, 1687: entered St. Edmund's convent, Paris, 1692: compiled A Chronicle of the English Benedictine Monks (1554-1701), published, 1882; died in Paris.
^ Walter Weldon (1832–1885), chemist; journalist in London, 1854; edited Weldon's Register of Facts, a literary journal, 1860-4; sought means for recovering the manganese peroxide used up in manufacturing chlorine, c. 1866; patented magnesia-manganese process, 1867, lime manganese process (still employed), c. 1868, and magnesia-chlorine process, c. 1870; F.R.S., 1882; conducted researches into atomic volume and weights.
^ Charles Wellbeloved (1769–1858), Unitarian divine and archreolou'ist: student at Homerton academy, 1785-7, and at New College, Hackney: assistant-minister, 1792, and minister, 1801-58, of St. Saviourgate Chapel, York; divinity professor in Manchester College, York, 1803-40; published, among other works, annotations on books of Old Testament, printed 1819-62, papers on antiquities of York city, 1804-52, devotional and controversial tracts, and memoirs of nonconformists.
^ Adam de Welles or Welle (d.1311), held estates in Lincolnshire; accompanied Hugh Despenser to iiu.-K.-ony. 1204: knighted, c. 12W; fought against the Scots, 1398, 1300, 1303-4, 1309-10; constable or lUx-kingham I'tk-, 1*290; summoned to parliament, 1299-1311.
^ John de Welles .1 NT WttL(d. 1490), ' l.i..iu-1, sixth burou Welles; a Lancastrian; tied t. fought at Boswortb; created Viscount Welles, 1487.
^ Lionel de Welles, Leo, or Lyon, sixth Baron (1405?-1461), soldier ; a Lancastrian; succeeded his grandfather in estates, 1421; knighted, 1428; aocompanied Henry VI to France, 1430; summoned to parliament, 1432-60; aerred at Calais, 1436, 1451-8; lord lieutenant of Ireland, 1438-40; fought at St. Albans, 1461; slain at Towton and attainted.
^ Richard de Welles, seventh Baron Welles (1431-1470), son of Lionel, sixth Baron Welles; summoned to parliament, U&5-C6, as Baron Willoughby de Eresby in right of his wife; fought on the Lancastrian side at St Albans, 1461; submitted to Edward IV, 1461; attainder reversed, 1468; beheaded because of rebellion of his son Robert; attainted, 1475.
^ Thomas Welles (1598–1660), governor of Connecticut; resided at Rothwell, Northamptonshire, 1634; to avoid persecution for puritan leaning*, went as secretary with William Flennes, first viscount Saye and Sele , to New England, 1635; co-founder of Hartford, Connecticut, 1637; treasurer of Connecticut, 1639-51, secretary, 1640-8, deputy-governor or governor, 1654-9.
^ Arthur Wellesley , first DUKE OF WKI.I.INC- (1769–1852), field-marshal ; fourth sou of Garrett Wellesley, first earl of Moniiugtou; spelt hia name * Wesley till 1798; educated at Eton, Brussels, 1784, and Angers Military Academy, 1786; lieutenant of foot, 1787; captain of dragoons, 1792; aide-de-camp in Ireland to lord-lieutenant, 1787-93; M.P., Trim, 1790-5; lieutenantcolonel, 33rd foot, 17a3-lb06, and colonel, 1806-13; commanded 33rd foot in Netherlands campaign, 1794-5, being in action at lioxtel, 1794, and Ueldermalsen, 1795; led (by evident inefficiency of British officers) to regular study, 1795; commanded 33rd foot in India, 1797-1804; given, by his brother, the Earl of Mornington, the new viceroy, command of the troops at Vellore, 1798-9, and command of a division in invasion of Mysore, 1799; governor of Seriugapatam and military and civil administrator in Mysore, 1799-1802; in two campaigns crushed the great freebooter, Dhoondiah Waugh, 1799-1800; moved troops from Trincomalee to Bombay in anticipation of the expedition to Egypt, 1801; prevented by illness from sailing as second in command to Egypt: major-general, 1802; commanded a division to reinstate the pesh wab, 1803; chief military and civil administrator in the Duccan, 1803-5; advanced from south against Holkar and Sciudiah, taking Abmednuggur, defeating the Mahrattas at Asaye, S3 Sept 1803, and Argaum, 29 Nov., and storming Gawilghur; concluded peace with rajah of Berar, and with Srimliah, 1803; crushed freebooting band at Periuda, February 1804; revisited Seringaputam; K.B., 1804; resigned his appointments, 1805; commanded brigade at Hastings, 1806; M.P., Rye, 1806, Mitchell, 1807, Newport, 18071809; chief secretary for Ireland, 1807-9, during period of unrest; sent on the Copenhagen expedition and defeated Danes at Kibge, 1807; lieutenant-general, 1808: given command of force sent to Peninsula; defeated Delaborde at Rolia, and Junot at Vimeiro; superseded by Sir Harry Burrard; signed armistice negotiated by Sir Hew Whitefooni Dalrymple, preliminary to convention of Cintra. 1808; returned to England and vm acquitted by court-martial; reassumed command in Portugal, 1809; forced passage of the Duero and drove Soult out of Oporto; induced by Spanish promises of co-operation to advance into Spain: defeated Victor at Talavera; planned lines of Torres Vedras as a last retreat, 1809; created Viscount Wellington, 1809: steadfastly combated the gloomy views of the war held by the ministry and his own officers: detached division in command of Thomas Graham (1748-1843) to defend Cadiz; fell back from Almeida before Massena's greatly superior force, clearing the country as he retired, 1810; repulsed Massena at Busaco, and arrested his advance at Torres Vedras; much troubled by disaffection officers and failure of the ministry to send oat TO, bat was forced to rale* ttoj* by oon .:.-:-..:,::-....-..;....-.....,. but was forced to raise sic** by Marmont and DOCMBM, u..::..-.!,. Ififj,-.,-..-, i i..,.,,..:, lentti sacrifice of life; defeated Marmont at the Arapiles UUU. i,.: -. -...:.-.-..., v...:,:..._:-..;-,,i Olausel back to Burgot; repulsed with loss Inaasaalton Burgos; had to retreat prwJMtately before Soult and 8ou !.i:,..:..,::..............-....:.-. V:..: Wellington, 181); visited Cadis and Lisbon, to obtain : -..:. J d I kNHH. 181); concentrated at Toro on the j Joseph at Vltoria, and drove the French across Pyrenees; fldd-marohal, 181); suffered severe loss In assaulton 8t Sebastian; prevented Bonlt from relieving Pamplona and Si. Sebastian by nine dan* fighting, known as the battles of the Pyrenees: canted St. Sebastian, but with grievous sacrifice of life: obtained dismissal of O'Donoju, the anti-British war minister of Spain; forced passage of the Mlvelle and of the Nlve, aad repulsed Soulfs sallies from Bayonne, 181); K.O., 1811; forced passage of the Adour and invested Bayonne, 1814; defeated Soult at Ortbes, and at Toulouse, but with heavy low, 10 April 1814; summoned to Paris to confer with guese frontier, May 18U hallo;.,:..,: Si allied kings; sent to Madrid in vain effort to King Ferdinand and the Spanish leaden: returned to England, and created Duke of Wellington, 1814: smtna sador at Paris, August, 1814, and to congress at Vienna, February 1815; assumed command of forces at Brussels, April 1815; concerted plan of campaign with Blnoher; expected Napoleon to attack his right wine; surprised by furious attack of Ney on his left wing at Quoin Bras, afternoon of 16 June: fell back to Waterloo, 17 June, in consequence of BlUcber's defeat at Ugny: gave battle, 18 June 1815, trusting to Bluchcr's promise to join him; repulsed the fierce French attacks till BlUcber came op and completed the rout of the French army; advanced with BlUcher on Paris; persuaded BlUcher not to make reprisals on the French capital, and the allied sotereigm to resist Prussian claim for cession of French territory; G.C.B., 1815; had headquarters at Cambray, 1816; given Apsley House and Strathtieldsaye by the nation, 1817: attended conference of Aix la-Chapeue, 1818; mastergeneral of the ordnance, with seat in the cabinet, 18181827; governor of Plymouth, 1819-28; held strong opinions La favour of aristocracy and against catholic emancipation: attended the Vienna- Verona tuugi esses. 1820-2, vainly opposing armed Intervention In favour of Spanish absolutism; lonl-lit-u tenant of Hampshire, 18)01852; lord high constable at the coronations, 18)1, 1811, 1838; disapproved of recognition of independence Of Spam's American colonies. 1824; envoy to the BinpMOr Nicholas to discuss the Greek difficulty, 1826; disapproved of the proposal to compel Turkey to grant self-government to Greece, 1826; approved of defence of Portugal from filibustering excursions by Dom Miguel's supporten*, but refused to allow attacks on Dom Miguel, when he had gained the throne, 18)6; constable of Tower of London, 1826-52; commauder-inchief, 1827-8, and again, 1842-52; refused office under Canning, 1827; reluctantly accepted premiership, 18)8; carried, by Peel's help, catholic emancipation, against his own opinions, and, in spite of dissensions in the cabinet and factious Interference of George IVs brothers, 18)0; distressed at the ascendency obtained by Russia over Turkey, 1820-30: recognised Louis-Philippe as king of France, 1830; resigned office rather than accept parliamentary reform, 1830; lord warden of Cinque ports, 18)9-52; temporarily unpopular because of his steady opposition to the Reform Bill, 1831-2; chancellor of Oxford University, 1834-5); premier and home secretary. 1834; foreign secretary In Peel's first mint-try, 1814: leader of conservative opposition in House of Lords, 1835-41; capital of New Zealand named after him, 1840; cabinet minister, without office, in Peel's second ministry, 1841-6; urged greater attention to military and naval mimiiuMration, 1843-7; called in to advise cabinet in Chartist troubles, 1848; frequent visitor at International Exhibition, 1851; accorded national monument in St. Paul's, London, executed by Alfred Stevens: Wellmgtou CoUetr, for educatkm of offl sons, foiried as a memorial and opened, 1859; his Despatches (1799-1838) published, 1804-SO, and his speeches in parliament, 18M.
^ Garrett Wellesley or Wesley, first Viscount Wellesley of Dangan and first Earl of Mornington ;:-1781), son of Richard Colley Wellesley, first baron Mornington; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1757: Mus.Doc., 1764; M.P., Trim, 1757; succeeded as second baron, 1758; created Earl of Mornington, 1760; composed glees.
^ Gerald Valerian Wellesley (1809–1882), dean of Windsor; third son of Henry Wellesley, first baron Cowley; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1830; rector of Strathfleldsaye, 1836-54; domestic chaplain to Queen Victoria, 1849; dean of Windsor, 1854-82.
^ Henry Wellesley, first Baron Cowley (1773-1847) diplomatist; youngest son of Garrett Wellesley, first earl of Mornington; served in army; secretary to legation, Stockholm, 1792; M.P., Trim, 1795; private secretary to his brother, the Earl of Mornington, in India, 1798-9; returned to England to explain the Mysore war and settlement, 1799-1800; lieutenant-governor of territory ceded by Oudh, 1801-2; M.P., Eye, 1807-9; secretary to treasury, 1808-9; ambassador to Spain, 1809-22, to Vienna, 1823-31, to Paris, 1841-6; knighted, 1812; created Baron Cowley, 1828.
^ Henry Wellesley (1791–1866), scholar and antiquary; illegitimate son of Richard Colley Wellesley, marquis Wellesley; student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1811-28; M.A., 1818; D.D., 1847; beneficed in Sussex, 1838-66; vice-principal of New Inn Hall, Oxford, 1842, and principal, 1847-66; a patron of Italian studies; -edited Anthologia Polyglotta 1849.
^ Henry Richard Charles Wellesley, first Earl Cowley (1804–1884), eldest son of Henry Wellesley, first baron Cowley; attache at Vienna, 1824; succeeded as second baron, 1847; ambassador to Switzerland, 1848, to Germanic confederation at Frankfurt, 1851, and at Paris, 1852-67; employed in negotiations which led to and closed Crimean war, and hi procuring the declaration of Paris, 1 1856, which abolished privateering; negotiated at Paris peace with Persia, 1857; created Earl Cowley, 1857; strove to allay jealousies caused by the Orsini outrage, 1858, by the French naval armaments-, 1859, and by annexation of Savoy and Nice, 1860; negotiated treaty of commerce with France, 1860.
^ Richard Colley Wellesley or Wesley, first Baron Mornington (1690?-1768), named Richard Colley; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1714: took name Wesley or Wellesley on succeeding to cousin's estate, 1728; M.P., Trim, 1729-46; created Baron Mornington in Irish peerage, 1747; founded charity school at Trim, 1748.
^ Richard Colley Wellesley, Marquis Wellesley 1760–1842), governor-general of India; eldest son of Garrett Wellesley, first earl of Mornington; educated at Eton; student of Christ Church, Oxford; excellent classical scholar; succeeded to Irish earldom, 1781; M.P., Beeralston, 1787, Windsor, 1790, Old Sarum, 1796; sympathised with free trade movement, but opposed parliamentary reform; member of India board, 1793; appointed governor-general of India and created Baron Wellesley in British peerage, 1797; found, 1798, British rule in India menaced by French in alliance with Tippii Sahib of Mysore and the nizam of Hyderabad; prevailed on nizam to dismiss French officers, and secured neutrality of Mahrattas; declared war on Mysore, 1799; replaced Mohammedan dynasty in Mysore by former Hindu dynasty hi dependence on British, and annexed part of Mysore for the company; obtained territory from nizam to pay charges of troops for defence- of Hyderabad, disbanding nizam's forces, 1799; created Marquis Wellesley in Irih peerage, 17U9; made the rujas of Tanjore and Surat dependent princes, 1799-1800; planned college at Fort William to educate newly arrived civilians, 1800, but plan* rejected by London board of directors; annexed Carnatic by treaty with nawub, 1801; persuaded nawab of Oudh to cede territory to pay charges of British force for defence of Oudh; sent (Sir) John Malcolm to urge shah Persia to attack amir of Afghanistan and avert threatened invasion of India; wisely disregarded orders Gl to restore French fortresses after peace of Amiens, 1802 commander-iu-chief in Kiist Indies: twice asked to be recalled, in disi:ii-t at London directorsinterference with his patronage, 1802-3: persuaded peshwah to cede territory to pay British force for defence of Poona, 1802: forced to make war on the Mahrattu princes, Sindia and rajii of Berar, 1803, and Holkar, 1804; tried to promote observance of Sunday in India and to repress sedition in native press; recalled, 1805, in panic caused by defeat of William Monson, colonel: much of lii- Indian policy immediately reversed, but finally, after much loss and at great cost, resumexl; his Oudh policy attacked. in House of Commons, 1806, but approved, 1808; ambassador to Spain to concert measures for Peninsular war, 1809; foreign secretary in Perceval's cabinet, 1809-12; asked by prince regent to form coalition ministry, 1812,. but baffled; favoured free-trade movement and catholic emancipation; willing to accept Napoleon aa constitutional sovereign of France, 1814, and again, 1815; as lordlieutenant of Ireland, 1821-8, and 1833-4, put down whiteboy insurrection, suppressed secret societies, reorganised lice, removed partisan magistrates, and alleviated the 822 famine; passively approved of Reform Bill, 1832; lord-steward of the household, 1832-3; lord chamberlain,. 1835: withdrew from public life, 1835; his India Despatches printed, 1836-7.
^ William Pole Tylney Long Wellesley -, fourth EARL OF MOUNIXGTON and second BARON MARYBOROUGH (1788-1857), sou of William Wellesley-Pole, third earl of Morningtou; assumed name Tylney-Loug on marriage with heiress of Draycot, 1812; M.P.,Wiltshire, 1 1818-20, St. Ives, 1830-1, Essex, 1831-2; succeeded to 1 titles, 1845; wasted his property.
^ Wellesley -POLE, WILLIAM, third EARL OF Mornington in Irish peerage, and first Baron Maryborough of United Kingdom (1763–1845), second son of ; Garrett Wellesley, first earl of Mornington; edu; cated at Eton; naval officer; took additional name Pole on succeeding to a cousin's estates, 1778; Irish M.P., Trim; M.P., East Looe, 1790-4, Queen's County, 1801-21; ! clerk of the ordnance, 1802; secretary to the admiralty, I 1807; chief secretary for Ireland, 1809-12, opposing catholic emancipation; master of the mint, with seat in cabinet 1 in Liverpool ministry, 1814-23; created Baron Maryborough, 1821; postmaster-general, 1834-5; succeeded toIrish earldom, 1842.
^ Charles Jeremiah Wells (1799?-1879), poet ; j friend of William Hazlitt, Leigh Hunt, and, for a time, of ; John Keats; lost the friendship of Keats by a practical i joke he played upon the poet's brother, Tom; solicitor in, I London, 1820-30; publishedStories after Nature 1822, ! and a drama,Joseph and his Brethren 1824 (under j pseudonym ofH. L. Howard, reissued, 1876; with1 drew to country, 1830; taught English at Quimper, I Brittany, 1840; published his tale, Claribel 1845; burnt j his manuscripts, 1874, in chagrin at want of recognition; died at Marseilles.
^ Edward Wells (1667–1727), mathematician, geographer, and divine; educated at Westminster School, 1680; student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1686; M.A., 1693; D.D., 1704; rector of Cotesbach, 1702-27, and Bletchley, 1716-27; published, among other works, treatises on geography, 1701, and on geography of New Testament, 1708, l and of Old Testament, 1711-12, also some classical textsI und translations, scriptural commentaries, and treatises ! in defence of church ceremonies, 1706, and various 1 polemical writings against validity of presbyterian orders. 17o7; published 4 Klementa Arithmetic* 1698, andYoung I Gentleman's Course of Mathematicks 1712-14.
^ Henry Lake Wells (1850–1898), lieutenantcolonel, royal engineers; lieutenant, 1871; lieutenaut; colonel, 1896; served with distinction in Afghan campaign, 1878-9; surveyed telegraph routes in Kashmir, ! 1879-80, and Persia, 1880; director of the Persian telegraph, 1891; died at Karachi.
^ Hugh of Wells (d. 1235).
^ Jocelyn de Wells (d. 1242). See Jocelin
^ John Wells (d. 1388), opponent of Wycliffe; Benedictine monk of Ramsey; D.D., Oxford, c. 1377; head of Glouceeter College, the Oxford Benedictine seminary, for thirteen years; active in condemning Wycliffe's doctrines at Oxford, and in the Earthquake council at London, 1382; envoy from English Benedictines to Urban VI, 1387; died at Perugia.
^ John Wells (1623–1676), puritan divine; educated at Merchant Taylors School; fellow of St John's College, Oxford, 1643; created M.A., 1648; vicar of St. Olave Jewry, London; ejected, 1662; published devotional tracts.
^ Mrs Mary Wells, afterwards Mrs. Sumbel (fl.–1781-1811), actress; nee Davies; married Wells, an actor; nicknamed Becky Wells, 1 and Cowslip from her part in O'Keeffe's Agreeable Surprise 1: flntt appeara! i 1-irmiinrhiim: a favourite at Haymarket and Drury Lane, London, 1781-6, and at Corent Garden. London, 1785-7: married Joeph SumbeU Jew, secretary to Morocco ambassador; published her Memoirs 1811.
^ Robert Wells (d. 1657).
^ Samuel Wells (d. 1678), nonconformist divine ; K.A. Magdalen Hall, Oxford. 1636; minister at Battersea, 1639; cliaplain in parliamentary army, 1644; intruded rector of Uetuenham, Berkshire, 1646-8; ricar of Banbury, 1648; ejected for nonconformity, 1662.
^ Simon Db Wells (*. 1207).
^ Wells Sm THOMAS SPENCER, first baronet(1818–1897), surgeon: studied surgery at Leeds, at Trinity College, Dublin, 1836, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, 18391841, and Paris, 1848; naval surgeon at Malta, 18411847; F.ILC..S. 1844. and president, 1883; surgeon of Samaritan Free Hospital for Women, London, 1854, and 1856-78; surgeon to Queen Victoria household, 1WJ31896; hon. M.D. Leyden; created baronet, 1883: perfected ovariotomy, performing one thousand ovarian operations, 1858-80; published medical tracts. 1851-60, and papers on ovarian diseases, 1855-K5.
^ William Wells (1818–1889), agriculturist ; inherited Holme estate, Huntingdonshire, 1826; educated, at Harrow and Balliol College, Oxford; M.A., 1842; drained and reclaimed Whittleeea Mere, near Peter- ! borough, 1851-6; M.P., Beverley, 1852-7. Peterborough, 1868-74; active member of Royal Agricultural Society.
^ William Charles Wells (1767-1H17), physician; born in South Carolina of Scottish parents: educated at Edinburgh University, 1770-1 and 1776-fl; M.D., 1780; newspaper publisher in East Florida, 1782-4;; settied as physician in London, 1785: L.R.C.P., 1788;. physician to Finsbury Dispensary, 1789-99, and St., Thomas's Hospital, London, 1800-17; published medical I papers, treatises on eyesight, and, 1814, an Emay on Dew which conclusively explained tliat phenomenon: Rumford medallist of the Royal Society; his autobiography published, 1818.
^ William Frederick Wells (1762 - 1836), I watercolour-painter: exhibited at Royal Academy riews I of Webb scenery, 1795-18O4, and at Society of Painter* in Watercolours, 1804-13; drawing-master at Addlscombe College, 1809-29, aud in London; published etehings after Gainsborough.
^ James Raymond Wellsted (1805–1842), surveyor anl traveller: officer of East India Company's surveying ship in Red Sea, 1830-3; examined Socotra Island, 1834; travelled in Oman, 1835 aud 1837: retired from service in shattered health, 1839; ptiblishel narratives of his own travels, and Travels in Arabia, 1838.
^ Sir Henry Moncreiff Wellwood (1750-1827).
^ Sir Henry Moncreiff Wellwood (1809-1883).
^ James Wellwood (1652–1727), physician: educated at Glasgow; M.D. Leyden: accompanied William of Orange to England; F.R.C.P., 1690, censor, 1722: works include Vindication of the Revolution 1689, and a whig survey of Transactions in England (1588-1688).
^ Wellwood 8m James, Low) MuscMirr (1776–1851). 8ee.!
^ William (. WT7-IW2). Bee
^ Wel 8BY. WILLIAM XKWLAND (1W2?-1 l.vil wnu-r: M.A. M. John,,!l, v.. Si... bar, M.I iv;,.,.;..,. 1841; jt .., j ! wtattw. I VV MWSMAI W WMWBM IVV**W W**WSJS*W .:..........:., i -II, ports; Report* of Mercantile Ce*e* and U* of *nent English Judge* (It. 237)
^ John Welsche ( 157o?-16). 8m WKU".)
^ Welsh I. AVID (1793–1844), ScoUbb divine; edaK.linburgh; mintotor of and In Glasgow, 1827; hon. D.D. GUvwow, 1831 til-tr..... f- V9.II..W. W TT_I t*_ Ifall hUtory profewor. Edinburgh Unlvertty, 1831-43, and in Free Church College, Edinburgh, 1844-ft: pobUahed rmona, and edited Thorn*- Brown's Lecture* on Ike Philosophy of the Human Mind 1834. lx. HT}
^ James (1775–1861 1. Madras infantry, 17M: major, 1807: 1813: major-general, 1837; general. 1854: in active Mrvice In India. 1791-1807, 1809-29, 1837-47, BffhUnff to Wellesley's Mahmtta rampalgn*, 180S-4, qodnmr project*,! mutiny at Palamkotte, 180.and headimr tormln party at Travancore, 1809; publUncd his m,
^ John Welsh (1824–1859), meteorologist ; at Edinburgh. lx:;9-42: employed at Makeratoua ob*ovatory, 1842-50, and at Kew obsenratory, 1810-9; P.B.&, 1857; improved self-recording magnetic instntmcnta.
^ Thomas Welsh (1781–1848). vocalist; chorister, Wells Cathedral: sang in oratorio. Hay market London, 1796: succeaaful operatic singer, actor, teacher of singing; brought out two farces and an opera, * KamskaUa wrote instrumental and vocal music. lx. 240)
^ Leonard Welsted (1688–1747 1 poet; of Westr minster School, 1703-7, and Trinity College, Cambridge: c'erk in cecreUry of state's office, and, 1725-47. in ordjuuice office: publislied bis first poem Apple-Pye 1704, and Oikojfraphia an autobiographical poem, 17: issued occasional poems, personal, political, and didactic, 1709-41; translatedLonginus on the Sublime,* 1712; virulently satirised, and was satirised by, Alexander Pope
^ Robert Welsted (1671–1735), physician ; demy of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1689-98; HJLlIM; practised medicine in Bristol and London; L.R.C.P.. 1710: F.R.S., 1718: published Latin medical piece*, and. with Richard West, edited Pindar, 1692.
^ Richard Welton (1671?-1726), nonjuring divine: M.A. Cains College, Cambridge, 1695; D.D.. 1708; rector of Whitechapel, 1697-1715, where he caused White Kennctt's portrait to be put as Judas in altarpiece, 1713: vicar of East Ham, Essex, 1710-15; refused oaths to George I, and opened nonjnring chapel in Whitechapel, London, 1715; consecrated bishop among nonjurors, 1722: minister of Thrift Church, Philadelphia, 1724-5, performing episcopal functions; pobltabed sermons; died at Lisbon.
^ Wel wrrscH. FRIEDRICH MARTIN JOSMP (1807-1872), botanist; bom in Carintiiia: studied at Vienna: M.D. Vienna, 1836; resident In Portugal, 1M1M53, having charge of botanical gardens at Lisbon and Coimbra, and collecting Portugueae plant*, fungi, ate, molluscs, and insects; travelled in rrtogwsWs Africa, 1853-60, forming extensive herbarium of tropical plant*; met David Livingstone, 1854, in interior; resided in Indon, comparing his specimens with those to British collection*; 1863-72: published, in Portuguese, dtaoiptions of plants: his collections are partly at Lists*, partly in British Museum.
^ Alexander Maconochib Welwood -, Lord Meadowbank (1777–1861). See MACONOCHIE.)
^ Welwood or WELWOD or VELVOD, WILLIAM (. 1577-16J2X professor of mathematics and.of law at St Andrews; disooTercd principk of the 1677, and described it (as applied to pumping water) in a Latin pamphlet, 1582: professor of mathematics, 1578-87, of law, 1587-97; expelled by the royal visitors from his chair, 1697; ordered to be replaced by James I, 1600, though it is doubtful whether he was ever actually replaced. His legal works include Sea- Law of Scotland 1690,Abridgement of all Sea-Lawes 1613, and three Latin treatises, printed in Holland, 1594, instituting comparison between lloman and Jewish law, reviewing prooedure in civil and ecclesiastical courts, and discussing methods of repressing popular outbreaks.
^ David Wemyss , second EARL OF WEMYSS (1610–1679), while Lord Elcho commanded foot regiment in Scottish army, 1640, and was defeated by Moutrose at Tippermuir, 1644, and Kilsyth, 1645; succeeded to earldom, 1649.
^ David Wemyss , third [actually fourth] EARL OP WEMYSS (1678–1720), succeeded to earldom, 1705; took seat in parliament, 1705; a commissioner for the union; vice-admiral Of Scotland, 1707.
^ David Wemyss , LORD ELCHO (1721–1787), Jacobite; eldest son of James, fourth earl of Wemyss (il. 1766): visited Great Britain as Jacobite agent, 1744; commanded Prince Charles Edward's life-guards, 1745-6; wrote narrative of the rising: attainted; excluded from titles and estates; died at Paris.
^ David Douglas Wemyss (1760–1839), general ; as David Douglas was ensign, 1777, and captain, 1783, serving in North America and West Indies, 1777-81, 1786-9; assumed name of Wemyss, c. 1790; became major, 1791, lieutenant-colonel, 1793, major-general, 1802, and general, 1819, serving in Flanders, 1793, Corsica and Italy, 1794-7, Gibraltar, 1797-1802, and Ceylon, 1803-6.
^ James Wemyss (1610?–1667), master-gunner of England; came to London, 1630; studied and experimented in gunnery; improved leather guns for field service; lost his scientific instruments by a fire, 1637; master-gunner of England, 1638-48 and 1660-6; accompanied Charles I's artillery train to Scotland, 1639 and 1640; went over to parliamentary side; colonel and master of ordnance in Sir William Waller's army; taken prisoner at Oropredy Bridge, 1644; well treated by King Charles I; tested guns for the parliamentary navy, 1646-7; returned to Scotland, 1648: general of artillery in Scottish army at D unbar, 1650, and Worcester, 1651; prisoner in Windsor Castle, 1651-60.
^ Wemyss or WEEMES, JOHN (1579?–1636), divine ; M.A. St. Andrews, 1600; minister of Button, Berwickshire, 1608, and Dunse,1613; took part in the ritual controversy, 1818-20; prebendary of Durham, 1634; published * The Christian Synagogue an expository treatise, 1623, and works of practical divinity.
^ Richard of Wendover (d. 1252). See
^ Roger De Wendover (d. 1236), chronicler and monk of St. Albaus; prior of Belvoir, but recalled, c. 1821, for extravagance; compiled Plores Historiarum creation to 1135, of which the portion from 1202 is a first-hand authority.
^ Thomas Wendy (1500?–1560), physician to Henry VIII, Edward VI, and Mary I; fellow of Gonville Hall, Cambridge, 1519; M.A., 1522; M.D. Ferrara; served on ecclesiastical commissions, 1548, 1552, and 1559; F.R.C.P., 1551; elect, 1552; M.P. St. Albans, 1554, and Cambridgeshire, 1565; benefactor of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge.
^ Henry de Wengham (d. 1262). See Wingham.
^ Jane Wenham (d. 1730), the last woman condemned for witchcraft in England; lived at Walkern, Hertfordshire; tried for witchcraft and found guilty by jury, contrary to assize judge's leading (who, in answer to one of the charges brought against her, remarked that there was no law against flying), 1712, and condemned to death, but pardoned; her case debated in several pamphlets, 1712.
^ John Wenlock, Baron Wenlock (d. 1471), fought in France, 1421; constable of Vernon, Normandy, 1422; M.P., Bedfordshire, 1433-56; usher, and, 1450, chamberlain to Queen Margaret of Anjou; attended Kirhard, duke of York's, mission to Fraiuv, 1442; high sheriff of Buckinghamshire, 1444; received back (alienated) Wenlock estate, 141*; knighted, c. 1448; i. i-ht on Lancastrian side at St. Albaus, 1455; went over to Yorkists; speaker of House of Commons, 1455; Yorkist envoy to Burgundy and France, 1458: attainted, 1459; took refii't! in Knuice; returned, 11 GO; K.U., 1461; fought at Ferrybridge and Towton, 1461; created Baron Wenlock and appointed chief butler of England, 1461; employed by Edward IV on foreign missions; lieutenant of Calais, 1469; returned to Lancastrian side, 1461; slain at Tewkesbury.
^ Agnes Wenman (d. 1617), nee Ferrnor; wife of Sir Richard Wenman; a Roman catholic; patron of John Gerard (1564-1637), the Jesuit; imprisoned on suspicion of complicity in Gunpowder plot, 1605-6; left in manuscript a translation of French version of Johannes Zonaras.
^ Sir Richard Wenman, first Viscount Wenman (1573–1640), of Thame Park, Oxfordshire ; studied at Oxford, 1587; knighted for gallantry at Cadiz, 1596: M.P., Oxfordshire, 1620 and 1625; high sheriff for Oxfordshire, 1627; created Viscount Wenman of Tuam, 1628.
^ Thomas Wenman , second Viscount Wenma (1596-1665), eldest son of Sir Richard Wenman, first viscount Wenman; knighted, 1617; M.P., Brackley, 1620-5, Oxfordshire, 1626, Brackley, 1628, and for Oxfordshire in Long parliament, 1640; succeeded to Irish barony, 1640; supporter of the parliament; served on commissions to treat with Charles I, 1642-3, 1644, and 1648; excluded by army from parliament as too favourable to Charles I, and imprisoned, 1648; bought confiscated estates in Ireland, 1651; M.P., Oxfordshire, in Convention parliament, 1660.
^ Thomas Francis Wenman (1745–1796), regius professor of civil law, Oxford; student of University College, Oxford; fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, 1765; D.C.L., 1780; barrister, Inner Temple, 1770; M.P., Westbury, 1774-80; keeper of the Oxford University archives, 1781; regius professor of civil law, Oxford, 1789-96; studied botany; left in manuscript a history of All Souls College, Oxford.
^ Baron Wensleydale (1782–1868). See Parke.
^ Charles Watson Wentworth -, second Marquis of Rockingham (1730–1782). See Watson-Wentworth
^ Henrietta Maria Wentworth, Baroness Wentworth (1657?–1686), mistress of Duke of Monmouth; only child of Sir Thomas Wentworth, fifth baron Wentworth (1613-1665); succeeded her grandfather in barony, 1667; acted with Monmouth in masque at court, 1674; lived with him at Toddington, Bedfordshire, 1680; followed him to Holland, 1684; dissuaded Monmouth from entering imperialist service against Turks, 1685, and supplied funds for descent on England; returned to England, 1685.
^ Sir John Wentworth (1737–1820), colonial governor; son of a merchant of Portsmouth, New Hampshire; M.A. Harvard College, 1758; visited London and pleaded for repeal of Stamp Act, 1765: hon. D.C.L. Oxford, 1766; governor of New Hampshire, 1766-76, becoming more and more unpopular from efforts to carry out his instructions; his house pillaged, 1775; banished, and property confiscated by state congress. 1778; resided in London, 1778-83; resided in Halifax, Nova Scotia, as surveyor of king's forests, 1783-92, and as governor of Nova Scotia, 1792-1808; created baronet, 1795; died at Halifax; his correspondence, 1767-1808, preserved hi public records at Halifax.
^ Paul Wentworth (1533–1593), parliamentary leader; younger brother of Peter Weutworth (1530?-1596); lessee from crown of Burnham Abbey, Buckinghamshire; M.P., Buckingham, 1563-7, Liskeard, 1572-83; active in petitioning Queen Elizabeth to name her successor, 1566; custodian at Burnham Abbey of Thomas Howard, fourth duke of Norfolk (beheaded, 1572); angered Queen Elizabeth by proposing the preaching of a sermon before each meeting of House of Commons, 1581.
^ Peter Wentworth 1530?–1596), parliamentary leader; of Lillingstone Lovell: M.P., Barnstaple, 1571-2, Tregony, 1576-83, Northampton, 1586-7; attacked Sir Humphrey Gilbert for subserviency to court, l.wi: advocated right of House of Common, to discos* Thirty-nil..- rticU* and othrr rhim-h Mutations In spite of MII.TII Elizabeth's order*. 1571: imprisoned in Tower of I.iuion, 1576, (or bitter speech against crown interA -,t!i Ho,:-,- of Commons, and. 1587, (or again chalk -mring Blizabeth'i absolutism in ecclesiastic*! affairs, an. I, 15:13-1;, for petitioning Elizabeth to name her successor,:ii..i advocating right to succession o( Edward 8eymonr, lord Beauchamp; wrote, 1594, A Pithie Exhortation (printed, 15iM), urging BlUabeib to nanisuccessor.
^ Peter Wentworth ( 1592–1675), politician; of Mairdal.-n Hull. Oxford: of Lillingstone Lovell. (or.JM.in-: K.K.. lcs:.: high sheriff o( Oxford-hire.: M.P., Tainworth, 1641: refused to act as judge of Churl.* I, 16'J; served in Commonwealth councils of: atate: reviled for immorality by Oliver Cromwell at expulsion of the Hump, 1653: re-took his seat in parliament, 1659; left legacy to John Milton.
^ Thomas Wentworth, first Baron Wentworth of Nettlestead (1501-1551), knighted while .n France, 1523; inherited Nettleatead, Suffolk, 1528: created baron, 1529: embraced protestantism; advocated Henry Vlir* divorce (rom Catherine, 1*30: attended Henry VIII to France. 1532; served against Norfolk insurgent*!, 1549; helped to overthrow Protector Somerset, 1649; privy councillor, 1M9-51; lord chamberlain. 1550: granted crown lauds.
^ Thomas Wentworth , second BARON Wentworth of Nettlestead( 1625–1584), eldest son of Thomas Wentworth, first baron Wentworth: perhaps of St. John's College, Cambridge; knighted while serving in Scotland, 1547; M.P., Suffolk, 1547-51; succeeded to barony, 1551: voted for execution of Somerset, 1551; made privy councillor by Queen Mnry, 1553; sat on comi to try Northumberland and his supporters, 1553; deputy of Calais, 1553-8; failed to obtain necessary support from England; neglected warnings of Imminent French attack, December 1557; surrendered Calais, January 1558; prisoner of war in France, 1558-9; acquitted of charge of treasonable surrender, 1559; sat on commission which condemned Norfolk, 1672.
^ Thomas Wentworth (1568?-1628), lawyer: third son of Peter Wentworth (15307-1596); called to bar, Lincoln's Inn, 1594, Lent reader, 1612; recorder of Oxford city, 1607-23; as M.P., Oxford city, 1604-28, steadily opposed the crown; dlscommonsed by Oxford University, 1611-14; imprisoned for speech against illegal imposts, 1614; advocated war with Spain, 1624.
^ Sir Thomas Wentworth , first EARL OF Strafford (1593–1641), statesman : of Ventworth-Woodhouse, Yorkshire; educated at St. John's College, Cambridge; entered Inner Temple, 1607: knighted, 1611: travelled on continent, 1612-13; M.P., Yorkshire, 1814; succeeded aa second baronet, 1614: custos rotulorum, Yorkshire, 16151625; began feud with Sir John Savile, afterwards first Baron Savile of Pontefract, 1617; as M.P., Yorkshire, 1621, showed firmness and moderation in opposing the crown; as M.P., Pontefract, 1624, opposed war with Spain and showed hostility to purl tan is m: M.P., Yorkshire, 1625, unseated on Savile's petition, but re-elected; oppose 1 war with Spain, and expressed resentment at dissolution of parliament; appointed sheriff of Yorkshire, 1625, to exclude him from new parliament; opposed Charles I's demands for money, and was removed from commission of peace and replaced by his rival Savile in office of custoe rotulorum, 1625; imprisoned for refusal to pay the forced loan, 1627; in the parliament of 1628 led House of Commons, April-May, in endeavour to bring Charles I to some reasonable compromise as regards forced loans, billeting of soldiers, and imprisonment without cause shown; offended Charles I by safeguarding the supplies voted against sudden appropriation by crown; passively accepted the Petition of Right, which was substituted for his own proposals in consequence of Charles I's obstinacy. May -June, 1628; taken into court favour; created baron and Viscount Wentworth, and made president of council of north, 1628; privy coun cillor. 1899: drawn Into common aversion to .-::.;:.. -i to break authority by reducing army to Ing piracy In St. Georges Ch Indu*ti7. compelling rutttoB Uament, 1614, on llsh InleM; laid a heavy band on in Dublin, 1634-6, e*. on r Paul Oi Adam Lofto*. flnt viscount Lortus of By. lordchancellor: offended Henrietta Maria by refusing I on Irish establishment to her favourites; packed juries to declare all Connaoght crown property, 1635, intending to bring in English setUen; advised Charles I against the naval Intervention in foreign affairs which be contemplated to provide a colourable excuse lor demanding ship-money, the judges having (avour of the legality of bis right to levy oated Invasion of Scotland to enforce adoption of English liturgy, 16J8, bat vainly urged Charles I to train his troops before attempttngln. vasion, 1819; came to London to opponents in Star-chamber court, informally Charles I's chief adviser, September 18J9; advised demand of loan from privy councillors and summon in parliament to vote supplies, promising, as a good exMPpfo, a large loan from himself and a prompt vote of supplies from Irish parliament; was created Baron Baby and Earl of Stratford, 1640, thereby deeply offending Sir Henry Vane the elder, owner of Haby Oastie: created lord-lieutenant of Ireland. 1640: offered service of Irish troops against Scotland and to command them In person; obtained subsidies to amount of 180.000. from Irish parliament, March 1640; attended Short parliament, April 1640; advised Charles I personally to Invite psen to insist on Commons voting supplies before illsrusislnq: grievances: taken Into favour by Henrietta Maria; vainly advised Charles I to be content with part of the subsidies asked; assented to dissolution of Short parliament; In committee of privy council, 6 May 1840, urged collection of funds by force and immediate invasion of Scotland, promising, it was reported, help of Irish troops against both Scottish and English rebels; popularly styled Black Tom Tyrant from suspicion of this advice: vainly urged Charles I to immediate and despotic action, July 1640; received patent as captain-general in Ireland, with prospect of employment in Scotland and England, August 1840: took command of Charles I's force in Yorkshire, and prevailed on Yorkshire to adopt JiiJuisllw measures against the invading Scots army, September 1640; attended Long parliament on Charles Ps personal guarantee of his safety; urged Charles I to send parliamentary leaders to the Tower of London: impeached by Commons and sent to the Tower of London, 1840: trial opened, March 1841; procedure by impeachment abandoned because of favourable impression produced on peers by his vigorous defence and in fear of northern army being brought to coerce parliament: bill of attainder against him passed by Commons, 21 April, passed by Lords, 8 May, in panic canned by discovery of court plot to release him, and introduce into England Irish and Dutch troops; his attainder assented to by Charles, 10 May, in dread of mob violence; executed on Tower Hill, 11 May 1641.
^ Sir Thomas Wentworth , fifth BARON Wentworth (1613–1666), eldest son of Thomas Wentworth, fourth baron Wentworth of NetUestead and first earl of Cleveland, styled Lord Wentworth by courtesy from 1626; at the court of Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia at the Hague, 1631: M.P.. liulfordshln, In Short and Long parliaments 1640: called to peers In his father's barony. 1640; commanded troop of horse under Wilmot and Goring. 1644-5: held chief command In west, but was routed at TorringUm, 1648; in attendance on Prince Charles (Charles II) in Scilly, Jersey. Paris, 1849, Scotland, 1850, Worcester, 1851, and abroad, 1851-80; colonel of the guards, 1656-85.
^ Sir Thomas Wentworth, fourth Baron Wentworth of Nettlestead, and flnt EARL or CUTOXAXD (1591-1667), succeeded to barony, 1593; entored Trinity College, Oxfonl, 1602: cnstos rotulorum, Bedfordshire, 1619: took seat in the Lords, 1621; favourite of Buckingham: created Earl of Cleveland, 1C2G: accompanied Buckingham to Rochelle, 1627; was with Buckingham when aMassinated, 1628; incurred heavy debts, 1630-8, ultimately alienatim; his whole estate; served against the Scots, 1639-40; attended Strafford on scaffold, 1641; colonel of horse in Oliarles I's army. 1642; displayed great military activity, 1644: prisoner of war, 1644-8; in attendance on Charles II in France and Scotland, 1650; covered his flight at Worcester, 1651; prisoner of war, 1651-6; captain of gentlemen pensioners, 1660.
^ Thomas Wentworth , BARON RABY and third Earl of Strafford (1672–1739), diplomatist ; page to Queen Mary Beatrice, 1688; served in cavalry in Scotland, 1889, and in Holland, 1690-7, with distinction; major in the guards, 1693; succeeded to barony of Raby, 1695; envoy to Berlin, 1701; served in Flanders, 1702; lieutenant-general, 1707; ambassador at Berlin, 1703-11, and the Hague, 1711-14; created Earl of Strafford, 1711; one of the negotiators of peace of Utrecht, 1711-13: recalled by George I, 1714, and his pension stopped, 1715; proceeded against in parliament for share in treaty of Utrecht, 1715-16 (proceedings dropped, 1717): privy to proposed Jacobite insurrection, 1725; much of his correspondence preserved in British Museum Library.
^ William Wentworth (1616–1697), colonist: emigrated from Lincolnshire, 1636, to avoid molestation as puritan; finally settled at Dover, New Hampshire, 1649; saved Heard's garrison from a massacre planned by the Indians, 1689; died at Dover, New Hampshire.
^ William Charles Wentworth (1793–1872), the Australian patriot; chief founder of colonial selfgovernment; born on Norfolk Island; son of a government surgeon; sent to school at Greenwich, 1800; deputy provost-marshal, New South Wales, 1811: went on exploring journey across Blue Mountains, 1813; entered Peterhouse, Cambridge, 1816; publishedStatistical Account of the British Settlements in Australasia 1819: barrister, Middle Temple, 1822: returned to Sydney: co-proprietor and joint-editor of The Australian newspaper, Sydney, from 1824, advocating admission to political power of the ex-convicts emancipists and discouraging voluntary immigrants interlopers; obtained, by popular clamour, recall of the governor, Sir Ralph Darling, 1831; chief adviser of his successor, Sir Richard Bourke ; deeply offended the next governor, Sir George Gipps, 1840, by underhand attempt to buy large tracts of land in New Zealand; member for Sydney in the first New South Wales legislature, 1843 (re-elected, 1848 and 1851); leader of the pastoral or squatter party, from 1843; advocated continuance of transportation to provideassignedlabourers; carried, 1849, bill for founding Sydney University (opened 1852); bitterly opposed lowering of franchise, 1850: his proposal for an hereditary Australian peerage scouted by colonial opinion, and his proposal that no change of constitution should be allowed except by a two-thirds majority of both legislative houses rejected by home government, 1853; suggested federal parliament for all Australia, 1857: accorded statue in Sydney University, 1861: returned finally to England, 1862; given a public funeral and buried at Sydney.
^ Werbttrga or WERBURH, SAINT (d. 700?), abbess of Ely; daughter of Wulfhere, king of Mercia: abbess of Sheppey, of Ely, and in Mercian convent*; her remain?, in fear of Danish invasion, c. 875, translated to Chester, where cathedral represents church of her shrine; patroness of women and children; commemorated on 3 Feb.
^ Sir John Werden or Worden, first baronet (1640-1718), politician: son of Robert Werden; called to bar, Middle Temple, 1660; employed in diplomatic service, e. 1665-72; created baronet, 1672; secretary to James, duke of York: M.P., Reigate, 1673-9, 1685-7; a commissioner of customs, 1685-97 and 1702-14.
'^ Robert Werden or Worden (d. 1690), soldier ; colonel of horse in Charles? I's army; taken prisoner at Cbwter, 1646; admitted to composition for delinquency, 1646; suspected of treasonable designs, 1648-52, 1655; barely escaped with life for joining Sir George Booth's rising, 1659; accused of treason by royalists, 1660; recovered his estates; lieutenant, 1665, and lieutenant-colonel, 1672, in Duke of York's guards; M.P., Chester, 1673-9 and 1685; comptroller of Duke of York's household, 1679; lieutenant-general, 1688; treasurer to Mary II, 1689.
^ Werefrid Werferth , or HEREFERTH (d. 915), consecrated bishop of Worcester, 873; one of Khi Alfred's scholar-courtiers, 884; translated into Saxou Pope Gregory's Dialogues (manuscripts extant at Cambridge, London, and Oxford).
^ Wesham or WESEHAM, ROGER iB (rf. 1257), bishop of Lichfield: D.D.; divinity lecturer in Franciscan convent, Oxford; prebendary of Lincoln, 1223; dam of Lincoln, 1232; bishop of Lichfield, 1245-56, devoting himself to care of diocese and cathedral.
^ Charles Wesley (1707–1788), divine and hymnwriter: youngest son of Samuel Wesley (1662-1735) ; entered Westminster School, 1716; student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1726; joined with some fellowstudents in a strict method of religious observance and study, whence they were nicknamedmethodiste; began his private diary, 1729; B.A., 1730; M.A.,1733; ordained, 1735: visited Georgia as secretary to James Edward Oglethorpe, the governor, 1736: believed himself 'converted Whitsunday 1738; did much evangelistic work in London, 1738-9; settled at Bristol as centre, 1739-56, going on evangelising journeys in west of England and Wales, and to Cornwall, Newcastle-on-Tyne, and (1747-8) to Ireland; in sharp controversy with the conference of 1755, which showed readiness to separate from Anglican church: removed, in ill-health, to Bath, 1761; developed divergent views on doctrine ofperfectionfrom his brother, John Wesley, 1762; removed to London, 1771; continued to preach as much as his health allowed; disapproval of John Wesley's ordinations of presbyters from 1784; composed over six thousand hymns, of which five hundred are still in use; some sermons and poetical pieces by him published posthumously.
^ Charles Wesley (1757–1834), musician ; eldest son of Charles Wesley (1707-1788); studied music in Bristol and London; published Six Concertos eight songs, and other music, before 1784; organist in various London churches from 1794.
^ John Wesley (1703–1791), evangelist and leader of methodism; a younger son of Samuel Wesley (16621735); foundationer at Charterhouse, London, 1714; scholar of Christ Church, Oxford, 1720; B.A., 1724; ordained deacon, 1725; fellow of Lincoln College, Oxford, 1726-51; M.A., 1727; curate for his father at Wroot, 1727-9; tutor in Libcoln College, Oxford, 17291735; leader of his brother Charles Wesley's (1707-1788) methodistsociety in Oxford, 1729, from which year methodism is sometimes dated; published prayers, 1733; accepted charge of the Georgia mission, 1735; much influenced by German Moravian brethren during his voyage out and during his first months of residence; founded at Savannah a religious society on the Moravian model, 1736; began correspondence with Zinzendorf, founder of the Moravians, 1737; his ministry in Georgia embittered by quarrels, partly provoked by his autocratic church methods, 1736-7: published his first hymnfcl, 1737; left Georgia to avoid a libel action, founded on his repelling from communion a Mrs. Williamson, who (as Miss Hopkey) had a short time before rejected his offer of marriage; after his return met, and was much influenced by, Peter Bbhler, a Moravian; became member of the Moraviansocietyat Fetter Lane chapel, London, 1738; believed himself converted 1738: visited Zinzendorf at Herrnhut, 1738: appointed his first lay preacher, 1738; began field preaching, and opened methodist chapel at Bristol, 1739; brought into conflict with Joseph Butler on question of convulsive paroxysms, which were claimed to be manifestations of the Holy Ghost, at his Bristol meetings, 1739; bought a disused gun-foundry in j London and converted it into methodist chapel, 1739; I founded a united society for weekday meetings, December 1739, from which the inception of methodism is generally dated: broke off his membership of the Moravian 'society 1740; renounced Calvinism by publishing his I free grace sermon, preached at Bristol, 1740; was per I sonally involved in controversy by this sermon, and brought about secession frm tin tliolist-" of Webb Oal. lii mi.! !!ii!iiit-- of lliifitin.ion connexion (17M); preached nnoiu at Oxford, 1711 aii'l 17 H: orvani*ul his follower* in lirfetol and London inoUUi m--!!. 1 to which admission was bysociety ti-k.-t- (( m.-nil* r-liiji). 1743, and divided the coantry into circuit*: held flrat methodUt conversationor conference, London, 1744, and nocon acknowledged his title to beoverseerof metuodtaU), 1745; published handbook.* on various subject*,: physic, from 1743; went on continual evangelistic journeys, visit iinr I-:-- f Man, Irdaitd forty-two times (from 1747), and Scotland constantly (from 1751): became contracted to Grace Murray, a widow, 1748, bat absented to !,. r n,:irriage with John Bcunet, 1749; married Mary Vazeille, a widow, 1751, who had a serious quarrel with him, 1755, and separated from him, 1776: found his laypreachers ready for separation from Anglican church in the conference of 1755; found that during his absence in Ireland they bad begun to celebrate the eucharist, 1760: vainly tried to induce the ColvinlsU to enter a union of inrthudisto, 1764; had several of his lay preacher* ordained by Erasmus, so-called bishop of Arcadia in Crete, 1764; wrote against the anti-taxation agitation in the American colonies, 1775-8; -xecuteddeed of declaration- j.mv.,;.!,- for regulation of methodUt chapels and preachers, 1784; ordained presbyters to confer orders and administer the sacraments, 1784: preached his last sermon, 23 Feb. 1791; published twenty-three collections of hymns, 1737-86; published his collected prose * Works,* 1771-4.
^ Samuel Wesley , the elder (1662–1735), divine and poet; originally spelt his name Westley: educated in London for independent ministry, 1678-83: entered Exeter College, Oxford, 1683; published volume of verse, * Maggote 1685; B.A., 1688; naval chaplain, c. 1689; rector of South Ormsby, 1690: jolntrcditor oil Athenian Gazette 1691-7; rector of Epworth, 1695-135, and of Wroot, 1722-35; involved in pecuniary difficulties by Tarious accidents; his rectory troubled by a noteyspirit 1716-17; published much verse and prose, including a panegyric on Marlborough, 1705, and a hostile criticiMn of nonconformist academies, 1703; hia dissertations ou Job published posthumously, 1735.
^ Samuel Wesley , the younger (1691-1 739X schoolmaster; eldest son of Samuel Wesley the elder q. v.l:
^ Samuel Wesley (17G6-1837), musician: son of Chariot- Wesley (1707-1788): chiefly self-taught; gave subscription concerts in London from 1779; embraced Roman Catholicism, 1784; mental balance disturbed by severe accident, 1787; enthusiastic admirer of Virginia.
^ Samuel Sebastian Wesley (1810–1876),organist and composer; natural son of Samuel Wesley (1766-1837) ; chorister, Chapel Royal, London, 1819; organist of various London churches. 1825-32, Hereford Cathedral, 1832-5, Exeter Cathedral, 1835-41, Leeds parish church, 1842-9, Winchester Cathedral, 1849-65, and Gloucester Cathedral, 1865-76; Mus.Doc. Oxford, 1839; professor of the organ, Royal Academy of Music, 1850: granted; U.C.L. Oxford, 1748), a metrici civil list pension, 1873: published pamphlets against the i pi,, an d miscellaneous poetry, cathedral music of his time; in first rank as composer of English church music.
^ John Wessington (d. 1451), prior of Durham; Benedictine monk; studied at. and was bursar, 1398, of Durham College, Oxford; chancellor of Durham Cathedral, lliHi, and prior, 1416-46; wrote pennon- and treatises on history of monasticism and of universities, still extant in manuscript.
^ Mrs West . (1790–1876), actress; nArCooke; first appeared at Bath, 1810, at Coveut Garden, London, 1812, 1815-17; a leading actress, chiefly in tragedy, Drury Lane, London, 1818-28; played secondary parts at Covent Garden, 1835; afterwards played in the provinces. Llx. 323 Harrow; M.A. Brascnose College, Oxford, 1819; lord of the bedchamber, 1H13 ami 1*20-8: assumed Hackvilte a additional name, 1843; lord-chamberlain, 1841 and 18681859.
^ West !!MAMS (1718-1 8X hlrtortoal palaUrr tx.rn of quaker parent* in Pennsylvania; Mlf -Uufbt: painted portrait* In Philadelphia and New York; studio! and painted portrait* in luly. 176O-1: exhibited MMM* ;,i:iit..:-.;.. -, d ad rM n i bad. boa i:.;i member of the Incorporated Society ot Artfeu. 17tt: much employed by Oeorge 111, 1767 K.A., 17M; engraving, from his : -:..- t kr,..s:, 1771); flmto -....::...; Hi mt.I.!" painter toGorge III, 177*: an origin..: at first exhibition or., my. 1789; graving from hi* plrtun* very popular; i picture the Drath of Wolfe (exhibited, ...:..-. -.,r,.1..,-.:. -.. :
^ Charles West (1816-1 89f). physician: studied in St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, 1888, Bor Berlin, and,:-: LDoM ?! v 5 M B,;-.:; playwrite and accoucheur, London; physician. Infirmary for Children, and, 1K62-76. Hospital for Sick Children; led H nsU -:T...: M,i:,.. i!,,; M,:-;. St Bartholomew's Hospital, 1848-60: F 1870 and 1882, Croonisn lecturer. 1874; published lectures on Diseases of Childhood 1*48, and Diseases of Women* other professional papers.
^ Charles Richard Rack Sir 7ILLB-. Sixth EARL DE LA WARR, sixth TBCOUXT CAJmCLCFK, L WARR (1815-1873), a younger son of George John Suckville West, fifth earl Do La Warr ; ensign, 1833; captain, 1842; aide-de-camp to Sir Hugh Gough in Sikh war, 1845-6; styled Lord West from 1860: colonel, 1854: served in Crimea, 18*4-4; major-general, 1864; succeeded to earldom, 1869.
^ Sir Edward West (1782–1828), economist*; fellow of University College, Oxford: M.A., 1807; called to the bar. Inner Temple, 1814: recorder, and, 1823-8, chiefjustice of Bombay: knighted, 1822; publishedEssay on Application of Capital to Land 1815, stating law of diminishing returns, and anticipating Uirardo's theory of rent: published observations on The Price of Corn 1826.
^ Francis West (1586–1633?X colonist: accomI paned Christopher Newport q. v.1 to Virginia, 1809: member of council, 1609; owned plantations on James River; commander at Jamestown, 1612; almiral of New educated at Westminster School, 1704, and Christ Church, J Eng i and, 1622; governor of Virginia, 1628-9; died in Oxford, 1711; M.A., 1718; took orders; liead-ufher, Westminster School, 171S-33; master of iJlundell's School, Tivertoii, 1733-9: published poems, 1716-36; friend of Francis Atterbnry
^ Francis West (rf. 1652), captain in London trained bands, 1644; lieutenant of Tower, 1645.
^ Francis Robert West (1749?–1809), draughtsmail in crayons; son of Robert West; trained in Paris; master of Dublin School of Design, 1770-1809.
^ George John West 8ACKVILLR. fifth EARI curbed by severe accident, 17H7: enthusiastic mumrei wjbai, ujsunuis junn OAVJA.T u*i,r.. m John Sebastian Bach's music from 1800; lectured on DB LA WARR (1791-1K69), contemporary of Byron at music in London from 1811; organist in Camden Town, London, 1824; a prolific composer.
^ Gilbert West (1703–1756), author; educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford; B.A., 1725; fared in army and secretary of state's office; clerk of privy council, 1752; paymaster of Cbelstw Hospital, London, 1 154; published Observations on the Resurrection 1747 (boo. Oxford, 1748), a metrical version of Odes of
^ James West (1704?-1772), politician and antiquary: M.A. Balliol College, Oxfoni, 1726: called to bar, Inner Temple, 1728, bencher, 17G1, reader. 1767, treasurer, 176H: F.H.S., 1726. ami president, 1768; F.8.A., 177; M.P.,St. Albans 1741-CH, Boronghbridge, 1768-72: Joint secretary to treasury, 1741 -C2; rvconler of Pode, 174-7; manuscripts, rare books, prints, coins, pjctares.
^ Mrs Jane West (1758–1852), author; began to write verses, 1771; published verses, plays, didactic Letters and novels of goal moral Une, 17 and Hdiuburph, 1814; married, 1815: acted at Bath, befriended by Thomas Percy, the bishop, in tragedy, Drury )
^ John West, first Earl De La Warr (1898-17W), traveller; clerk-extraordinary of privy council, 1718: M.P., Urampound, 1715; lieutenant-colonel in guards, succeeded as seventh (or sixteenth) Baron Do La Warr, 1723; treasurer of the household, 1731-6; took part in debates in the Lords, 1732-54; brigadier at Dettingu, 1743; general of horse, 1765; created curl, 1761.
^ John West, second Earl De La Warr (1729–1777), son of John West, first earl De La Warr; ensign, ; major-general, 1761; styled Viscount Cantelupe from 1761; succeeded to earldom, 1766; lieutenant-general, 1770.
^ Sir John West (1774–1862), admiral; entered navy, 1788; captain, 1796: rear-admiral, 1819: K.C.B., 1840; admiral of the fleet, 1858; G.C.B., 1860.
^ Joseph West (fl. 1669–1685), governor of South Carolina; took out an emigrant party, 1669; settled at Ashley River, 1670; temporary governor, 1671; governor and store-keeper, 1674-82 and 1684-5.
^ Nicholas West (1461–1533), bishop of Ely and diplomatist; educated at Eton; fellow of King's College, Cambridge, 1483-98; LL.D., c. 1485; appointed archdeacon of Derby, 1486; non-resident rector of Egglescliffe, 1499-1515, and Witney, 1502-15; appointed dean of Windsor, 1509; bishop of Ely, 1515-33; constantly employed on complimentary and diplomatic missions to Scotland, Germany, France, and Castile, 1502-25; chaplain to Queen Catherine of Arragon and opposed to the divorce proceedings, 1529; added to buildings of St. George's, Windsor, King's College, Cambridge, Putney parish church, and Ely Cathedral.
^ Raphael Lamar West (1769–1850), painter and book-illustrator; son of Benjamin West
^ Richard West (fl. 1606–1619), poet; published News from Bartolomew Fayre 1606, and The Court of Conscience a satire, 1607; added second part, 1619, to Francis Segar's School of Vertue
^ Richard West (d. 1726), lawyer and playwright ; called to bar, Inner Temple, 1714, bencher, 1718; counsel to board of trade, 1718; M.P., Grampound, 1721, Bodmin, 1722-6; active manager of Lord-chancellor Maoclesfield's impeachment, 1725; lord chancellor of Ireland, 1725; published treatises on law of attainder, 1716, and creation of peers, 1719; brought out Hecuba, a tragedy 1726.
^ Richard West (1716–1742), poet ; school-friend of Thomas Gray at Eton; entered Middle Temple, 1733; studied at Christ Church, Oxford, 1735-8; some of his letters and poems published posthumously.
^ Robert West (d. 1770), artist; trained at Paris ; head-master of Dublin School of Design.
^ Robert Lucius West (d. 1849), painter of portraits and historical subjects; son of Francis Robert West; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1808; headmaster of Dublin School of Design, 1809-49; an original member of Royal Hibernian Academy, 1823.
^ Temple West (1713–1757), vice-admiral; entered navy, 1727; captain, 1738; cashiered, 1745, for failure (off Toulon, 1744) to come to close action with French squadron, but reinstated through family influence, 1746; rear-admiral, 1755; second in command under Admiral John Byng in failure at Minorca, 1756; viceadmiral of the blue, 1756.
^ West Sm THOMAS, eighth BARON WEST and ninth BARON DK LA WARR (1472 ?-1554), soldier and courtier; knighted while serving in France, 1513; attended Henry VIII to France, 1520; carver to Henry VHI, 1521; high sheriff of Surrey and Sussex, 1624; succeeded to baronies, 1526; assented to Henry VIIFs divorce from Catherine, 1530; acted with the opposition peers, 1636-46: disliked dissolution of monasteries and the English service-books; prisoner in Tower of London under suspicion of disaffection, 1538; forced to give Halnaker to Henry VIII in exchange for church hinds, 1540; supported Warwick against Somerset, 1547; K.G., 1549: accused his nephew, William West, afterwards first (or tenth) baron De La Warr, of attempt to poison him, I 1M9; joint lonl-lieutenaut of Sussex, 1651; declared for Queen Mary, 1553.
^ Thomas West , third (or twelfth) BARON DE LA WARR(1577–1618), entered Queen's College, Oxford, I MM; created M.A, 1605; travelled in Italy, 1595; M.P., Lyminpton, 1597; served in Netherlands. 1598, and under Essex in Ireland, 1599; knighted, 1599; imprisoned as j privy to Essex's rising, 1602; succeeded to barony il602; member of Virginia Company, 1G09; appointed governor and took out fresh colonists, lf.10; returns I I and published delation giving favourable account of j colony, 1611; died in Virginia on second visit.
^ Thomas West (1720–1779), topographer*;' joined j Jesuits, 1751; mission-priest in Furness and WestmoreI land; publishedAntiquities of Furness 1774,Guide to the Lakes 1778, and archaeological papers.
^ William West (fl. 1568–1594), author of ' Symbolaeographia (published, 1590), a practical guide to English law; entered Middle Temple, 1568.
^ William West , first (or tenth) BARON DE LA WARR (1519?–1595), attainted, 1550, on charge of attempting to poison his uncle Thomas West, ninth baron De La Warr; restored in blood, 1563; believed to have been created by patent Baron De La Warr, 1570; summoned, 1572-92. His title to count in reckoning of old barony rests on decision of lords, 1597.
^ William West (1770–1854), bookseller and antiquary; apprenticed in London, 1784; bookseller in ork, 1808-30, Birmingham, and London; published, among other works,Tavern Anecdotes, and Reminiscences of Signs 1825, autobiographical Fifty Years Recollections 1830, a history of Warwickshire, 1830, views of buildings in Staffordshire, 1830-1; and historical collections about printing, 1835, and bookselling, 1839.
^ William West (1796?–1888), comedian and musical composer; appeared at Haymarket, London, 1805; acted in provincial and in minor London theatres; lived to be called The Father of the Stage; composed songs and glees.
^ Richard Westall (1765–1836), historical painter; apprentice to heraldic engraver, London, 17791786; exhibited at Royal Academy from 1784: R.A., 1794; painted chiefly in water-colours, but occasionally in oils; painted chiefly historical subjects, but also portraits and rustic subjects; contributed designs to the 'Shakespeare and Milton' of John Boydell: a prolific book-illustrator.
^ William Westall (1781–1850), topographical painter; taught by his brother Richard Westali; draughtsman to Matthew Flinders's Australian expedition, 1801-5, making sketches in Australia, China, and Bombay; visited Madeira and Jamaica, 1805-6; exhibited water-colour pictures and drawings of foreign scenes, 1808-28, and of English scenery, 1809-40; A.R.A., 1812; much employed in illustration of topographical works, 1818-31.
^ Westbttry first BARON (1800–1873). See BBTHELL, RICHARD
^ Barons Westcote . See LYTTELTON, WILLIAM Henry, first BARON, 1724–1808 : LYTTELTON, WILLIAM Henry, third BARON, 1782–1837 : LYTTELTON, GEORGE William, fourth BARON, 1817–1876.
^ Thomas Westcote (fl. 1624–1636), topographer : travelled; saw military service; compiled topographical View of Devonshire e. 1630, and Pedigrees of... Devonshire Families(printed, 1845).
^ George Blagdon Westcott (1745?–1798), captain in the navy; master's mate, 1768; lieutenant, 1777; captain, 1790; killed in battle of St. Vincent; accorded public monument in Westminster Abbey.
^ Charles Callis Western, Baron Western (1767-1844), politician and agriculturist; of Felix Hall, Essex; educated at Eton and Cambridge; travelled. collecting busts, urns, and other objects of antiquity; M.P., Maldon, 1790-1812, Essex, 1812-32; advocated agricultural interests and parliamentary reform; created Baron Western of Rivenhall, 1833; improved breed of sheep; published pamphlets on prison discipline, 1821-2, and economic questions, 1822-43.
^ Herbert Westfaling or Westphaling (1532?-1602), bishop of Hereford: student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1547; M.A., 1555; canon, 1562; D.D., 1566; Lady Mnrearet professor of divinity, 1562-4: vice chancellor of Oxford, !.: liiiMwin, Oxfonl-lnv, 1572: hi'hop of llt-n-L; benefactor of Jesus College, Oxford; published of Reformat:..n in 1688.
^ Thomas Westfield (1578-1644), bishop of Bristol; fellow,,f JL*US College, Cambridge, 1600-3; M.A., 1596; D.D., 1615; rector of Sooth 1600-5, of St. Bartholomew. Smithfleld, London, 1606, and of Hornby. lol5-37; archdeacon of St. Albans 1631; bishop of Bristol, 1642; attended opening of Westminster Assembly, 1643; his sermons published posthumously, 1646 and 1660.
^ William Westgarth (1815–1889), Australian colonist and politician; clerk in office of Australian merchant firm, Leith; general merchant, Melbourne, 184O: actively opposed transportation: represented Melbourne ..nth Wales legislature, 1850-3; settled in London as director of Westgarth Si Co., colonial brokers, 1867; published Report on... Australian Aborigines 1846, historical notes of settlement of Port Phillip or Victoria, 1848-57, and personal recollections of colonial affairs, 1888-9.
^ Sir Richard Westmacott (1775–1856), sculptor ; trained in Rome under Cauova, 1793-7; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1797-1839; R.., 1811: professor of sculpture. Royal Academy, 1827-57; hon. D.O.L. Oxford, 183C; knighted, 1837; up to 1820 worked chiefly on monumental sculptures, busta and statues, after 1820 chiefly on classical and imaginative works; many of his monuments in Westminster Abbey and St. Paul's, London; executed bronze Achilles in Hyde Park, 1822, and pediment of British Museum portico, 1847.
^ Richard Westmacott (1799–1872), sculptor; son of Sir Richard Westmacott; studied In Italy, 1820-6; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1827-56; R.A., 1849; up to 1840 produced chiefly imaginative work?, afterwards chiefly portraits and monument*); professor of sculpture, Royal Academy, 1867-67.
^ Thomas Westmacott (d. 1798), architect; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1796-8.
^ Eari Westmeath * OP. See NUGENT, SIR Richard, first BARL, 1683–1642; NUGENT, BJOHABD, second EARL, d. 1684: NUGENT, THOMAS, fourth EARL, 1666-1752; NUGENT, JOHN, fifth EARL, 1672-1764.
^ Westminster first DUKE OP (1825–1899). See Hugh Lupus Grosvenor.
^ Marquises of Westminster . See GROSVENOR, Robert, first MARQUIS, 1767–1845 ; GROSVENOR, Richard, second MARQUIS, 1795–1869.
^ Matthew Westminster , name of nn Imaginary author, to whom is assigned, In a fifteenth-century manuscript, the chronicle * Flores Historiarum compiled by various writers at the abbeys of St. Albnns and Westminster, first printed, 1567, reprinted in Rolls Series, 1890.
^ Barons Op Westmorland . See CLIFFORD, Roger de, fifth BARON, 1333–1389 : CLIFFORD, THOMAS DE, sixth BARON, d. 1391 ?: CLIFFORD, HKSKY DE CLIPFORD, tenth BARON, 1465 V-1523: CLIFFORD, HENRY DE CLIFFORD, eleventh BARON, 1493-1542; CLIFFORD, HENRY DX, twelfth BARON, d. 1570.
^ Earls of Westmorland . See NEVILLE, RALPH, first EARL of first creation, 1364-1425: NEVILLE, RALPH, second earl, d. 1484; NEVILLE, RALPH, fourth EARL, 1499-1650; NEVILLK, HENRY, fifth EAKL, 15257-1563; NEVILLE, CHARLES, sixth EARL, 1543-1601; FANK, MILDMAT, second EARL of second creation, rf. 1665; FANE, JOHN, seventh EARL, 16827-1762; FANK, JOHN. Matt EARL, 1759-1841; FANK, JOHN, eleventh EARL, 1784-1869; KANE, FRANCIS WILLIAM HENRY, twelfth EARL, 18251891.
^ Countess of Westmorland (1793–1879). See Priscilla Anne Fane.
^ Edward Weston (1566–1635), Roman catholic controversialist; studied at Lincoln College, Oxford, 1579, Rheims, and Rome, 1585-91; D.D. Monreale; lecturer on casuistry, Rheims, 1592, and on divinity, Douay, 1693-1603: mission-priest in England, e. 1WS-; canon of Bruges; published doctrinal and polemical works, Latin and English, 1602-31. tx. 368
^ Edward Weston ( 1703-1 770X didactic writer: 1665-1 b son of Stephen Westoo (16M-174S): ed( X's College. Cambridge; W.A., 1727: secretary of state, 1730-44 and 1711-4; editor of London Gasette* 1741-70; chief secretary for Ireland, 1746-41; assailed by Junlus under the Unpresston that he was the author of A Vindication of the Duke of Grafton: :.;.-;.. i......;. m.....::-. -..:, P, Country Gentleman's Advice to*his Bon 17M. to hi Neighbours 1756.
^ WESTON, ELIZABETH JANE (1M2-1612). learned lady; master of several languages; born in London; .... "... !;..,.:. letters and verses to princes and Llpsius and Scmllger: married the jurist Join Spoil itteteTsji riMkiorVosvOte U ft
^ Weston 8m FRANCIS (1611?-1636). courtier: only son of Sir Richard Weston (14667-1642); i page to Henry VIII, 1M; gentleman of the privy chamber, 1632; K.B., IMS; executed on charge of mls ! conduct with Anne Uoleyn.
^ Hugh Weston (1506?–1558), dean of Westminster; M.A. Lincoln College, Oxford, 1M; rector of Lincoln College, Oxford, 1538-65; D.D., 1MO; Margaret professor of divinity, 1540-9; pluralist in rectories; leader of Roman catholic party; dean of Westminster, 1553-6, and of Windsor, 1550-7; appointed to over trial of Cranmer and the disputation between Cranmer and Richard Smith, 1554.
^ Jerome Weston, second Earl of Portland (1605-1663), son of Richard Weston, first earl of Portland ; M.P., Gatton, 1628-9: envoy to France, 1618 and 1632-3; styled Lord Weston from 1633; succeeded to earldom, 1635; governor of Isle of Wight, 16SS-4J and 16GO-3: joint lord-lieutenant of Hampshire, 1641; imprisoned for plot to deliver Portsmouth to Charles I, 1642-3; resided in Oxford, 1643-6: compounded for delinquency, 1646; sat in Convention parliament, 1660.
^ Sir Richard Weston (1466?-1MJ), courtier; governor of Guernsey, 1609-42: fought against Moors, 1611; knighted, 1514: in constant personal attendance on Henry VIII as knight of tbe body from 1116; " 1618; granted Sutton manor, Surrey, 1521: treasurer i Calais, 1625; nnder-treasurer of England, 1628-42.
^ Richard Weston (rf. 1572), judge ; called to bar, Middle Temple, lcfore 1654, reader, 1584: bought Skreens, Essex, 155 J; M.P., Maldon, 1655; solicitor-general, 1M71559; justice of common pleas, 1659-72.
^ Richard Weston, first Earl of Portland (1577-1635), statesman: student of Middle Tempte; knighted, 1603; M.P., Maldon. 1601-S, Midhurst, 1604 Ex, 1614, Arundel, 1621: M.P. 1624; M.P.Oallinsjton, 1625, Bodmin, 1626; ivnt, by reoommendaUon mar, to Brussels and avert Invasion of Pala ration of Elector Palatine, exchequer from 1621, showed financial capacity In pro. viding for necessary expenditure, incurred popular hatred as suspected Roman catholic, and was Intrigued against by Henrietta Maria for refusing grants to her favourites; Germany on frulUess endeavour to alatlnate, 162O, and to solicit restoalatlne, 1: chanceUor of the parliament, I 1 to secret treaty, laud, 1633.
^ Sir Richard Weston, called to bar. Middle Temple, 1607 (1579?-16MX Jtt*f remple, 1607, bencher, 16:CP. 1641; disabled from judicUl
^ Richard Weston O*91-1M2X turist; of Sutton, Surrey: knighted, 1621; trodncsd canal-locks. Irrigation to Increase hay-crops, and rotation oTcrop sup25ended work, (cPjf-OlM) * -. ocrop supend Wey navigable to trated as royalist: ;:,,;:,;,,:;,-, bant and Planders. 1 while
^ Wiston S;it III CH A KD (1620–1681), judge; called to bar, ii ray's Inn, 1649, reader, 1076; pk-adcr of repute, f. 1662; kind's servant aud knighted, 1078; barou of exchequer, 1680-1.
^ Richard Weston (1733–1806), agricultural writer; thread-hosier of Leicester: works include Tracts on Practical Agriculture and Gardening 1769, Flora AngUcaua 1775-80, andThe Leicester Directory 1794.
^ Robert Weston (1515?–1573), lord chancellor of Ireland; fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, 1536; principal of Broadgates Hull, Oxford, 1546-9; D.C.L., 1556: M.P., Exeter, 1553, Lichfleld, 1559; dean of arches, 1559-1567; lord-chancellor of Ireland, 1567-73; held, though layman, deanery of St. Patrick's, Dublin, 1567-73, and deanery of Wells, 1570-3.
^ Stephen Weston (1665–1742), bishop of Exeter ; educated at Eton: fellow of King's College, Cambridge; M.A., 1690; assistant-master, 1690, and second master, 1693-1707, at Eton; fellow of Eton, 1707; D.D. Oxford, 1711; canon of Ely, 1715-17; vicar of Mapledurham, 1716; bishop of Exeter, 1724; compiled school-books for use at Eton; sermons published posthumously.
^ Stephen Weston (1747–1830), antiquary and man of letters; educated at Blundell's School, Tiverton; fellow of Exeter College, Oxford, 1768-84; M.A., 1770; B.D., 1782; travelled as tutor on continent, 1771; visited Paris, 1791-2, and subsequently; rector of Mamhead, 1777-90, and of Little Hempston, Devon, 1784-1823: F.R.S., 1792; F.S.A.. 1794; published notes of travel, classical texts and annotations, notes on Shakespeare, scriptural annotations, and translations from Arabic, Chinese, and Persian, 1776-1828; other works includeRemains of Arabic in Spanish and Portuguese Languages 1810, and 4 Greek, Latin, and Sanscrit compared 1814.
^ Thomas Weston (d. 1643?), merchant and colonist; made, at Leyden, 1620, offers to provide shipping to take puritans to New England, which he failed to keep; sent trading-ship to Plymouth, New England, which brought back cargo of timber and fur, 1621; sent out futile private expedition to New England, 1622, and followed it; returned to England.
^ Thomas Weston (1737–1776), actor; acted at Bartholomew Fair and Haymarket, London, 1759, and at Dublin, 1760-1; an admired comedian, especially in clown Darts, at principal London theatres, 1761-75.
^ Sir William Weston (d. 1540), last prior of knights of St. John in England; distinguished himself at siege of Rhodes, 1522; commanded warship the first ironclad) at Crete, 1523; envoy to Henry VIII, 1524; prior in England, 1527; died on day of dissolution of the order.
^ William Weston (1550?–1615), Jesuit; known also as EDMONDS and HUNT; contemporary of Edmund Campion at Oxford; studied at Paris, and, 1572, Douay; joined jesuite, 1575; trained in Rome and Spain; Greek lecturer at Seville, 1582-4; superior of Jesuit mission in England, 1584; reconciled Philip Howard, earl of Arumlel; wroteBook of Miracles describing his activity as exorcist; prisoner in the Clink, 1586-8 Wisbech Castle, 1588-98, and the Tower of London, 15981603; quarrelled at Wisbech with Christopher Bashaw and other secular priests, 1594; allowed to withlraw to continent, 1603; official of colleges at Seville 1605-14, and Valladolid, 1614; died at Valladolid.
^ WE8TPHAL, Sm GEORGE AUGUSTUS (17851875), admiral; on active service, 1798-1834; wounded at Trafalgar; lieutenant, 1806; captain, 1819; knighted 1824; rear-admiral, 1851; admiral, 1863.
^ Philip Westphal (1782–1880), admiral; on active service, 1794-1847: lieutenant, 1801; captain 1830; rear-admiral, 1855; admiral, 1866.
^ WE8TPHALTNQ, HERBERT (1532 ?-1602). See
^ Wbbtfalinu , kings and qneena of. See OKRDIC, m *uuc, * *97: CYNKOIIB , d. 672; SKXBUROA, rf. 673; CYNEWULF, d. 785; OKNTWINE, d. 685; GAKDWALLA, 659 ?-f89; INK, .. 7iY,; CfTiuiKi), ii. 754; SIGKBKKT,. 756 V; BixmnTiuc, . 802; KUUKHT, (. 839.
^ John Obadiah Westwood (1805–1893), entomologist and palaeographer; articled to Ixmdon solicitor, is-Jl: secretary of tatomotogical Society, 1834; first Hope professor of zoology, Oxford, 1861-93: M.A. by decree, 1861; fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1880; published entomological text-books. 1838-89, paper; in sciiMititic journals from 1H27, and additions to n.-,v editions of older works; published, ainonir other pab-oraphical works, Paheographia Sacra Pictoria 1 Facsimiles of Miniatures aud Ornaments of Anirlo-Saxon and Irish Manuscripts 18t;s, ami Lapidarium NValliae account of early inscribed stones in Wales, 1876-9.
^ Thomas Westwood (1814?–1888), minor poet; son of Thomas Westwood of Enfield; friend of Charles Lamb, who fostered his literary tastes; published, between 1840 and 1886, several volumes of verse characterised by exquisite taste; went to Belgium as director and secretary of the Tournay railway, 1844, and devoted much attention to collection of a library of works on angling, and subsequently published writings on the bibliography of angling, includingChronicle of the Compleat Angler 1864, and Bibliotheca Piscatoria (in collaboration with Thomas Satchell, d. 1888), 1883.
^ Edward Wetenhall (1636–1713), bishop of Kilmore and Ardagh; educated at Westminster School; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1660; M.A. Lincoln College, Oxford, 1661; prebendary of Exeter, 1667; master of blue-coat school, Dublin, 1672; D.D. Trinity College, Dublin; bishop of Cork and Ross, 1679; resided in Ireland throughout troubles, 1688-9; translated to Kilmore, 1699; urged publication of books of religion in Irish language, 1710; published grammars of Greek and Latin, devotional works, and appeals for mutual forbearance in theological controversy, 1666-1710.
^ Robert Wetham (d, 1738).
^ Sir Edward Robert Wetherall (d. 1869), major-general r sou of Sir George Augustus Wetherall ; entered army, 1834; served in Canada, 1837; captain, 1845; assistant quartermaster-general in Crimea, 1854-5; chief of staff to Sir Hugh Henry Rose in central India, 1857-8; K.C.S.I., 1867; major-general, 1869.
^ Sir Frederick Augustus Wetherall (1754–1842), general; entered army, 1775; served in America, 1776; officer of marines in battle off Cape St. Vincent, 1780; captain, 1781; stationed in Gibraltar, 1783-9; served in Canada and We?t Indies, 1790-1806; lieutenantcolonel, 1795; major-general, 1809; second in command of Java expedition, 1810; stationed in Mysore, 1811-15; G.C.H., 1833; general, 1837; successively aide-de-camp, equerry, and executor to Duke of Kent.
^ Sir George Augustus Wetherall (178?–1868), general; son of Sir Frederick Augustus Wetherall ; lieutenant, 1795; captain, 1805; lieutenantcolonel, 1828; served in India, 1811-31, and Canada, 1837; K.C.B., 1856; general, 1863; G.C.B., 1865; governor of Sandhurst College, 1866.
^ Sir Charles Wetherell (1770–1846), politician and lawyer; demy of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1786-91; M.A., 1793; hon. D.C.L., 1834; barrister, Inner Temple, 1794, bencher, 1816, treasurer, 1825; practised in chancery courts and at parliamentary bar; successfully defended James Watson (1766 ?-1838) in high treason case, 1817; tory M.P., Shaftesbury, 1813-18, Oxford, 1820-6, Hastings, 1826, Plympton Earl, 1826-30, Borough bridge, 1830-2, violently opposing legal, municipal, and parliamentary reform, and Roman catholic emancipation; solicitor-general, 1824; knighted, 1824; attorney-general, 1826 and 1828; recorder of Bristol; the great Bristol riot caused by his unpopularity, 1831.
^ Nathaniel Thomas Wetheeell (1800–1875), geologist; surgeon; collected geological specimens in London district; contributed papers to Geological Society.
^ Richard Wetherset (?. 1350), theological writer; chancellor of Cambridge University, 1350; work* still extant in manuscript.
^ Wethershed
^ Wetwano Sin JOHN' (. 1884), captain In the navy: omnm:in.l.-l ki HIT'S ship In wan ajrairut Dutch, 1665 7 i:.Mnvov.si Mediterranean merchant fl*t, 1670; knlghtKl. i.,.s.i;,i.,,i ir, i
^ Wewitzer Mum (. 1772–1780). actress at Cerent ;;ir.l.-n. Ixn.l.*i, aii.l in Dublin; married, after.oQ8, James Cuffe, baron Tyrawley.
^ Wewitzeh i:LPH (1748–1825). comedian; acted in principal London theatres, 1773- 181 2. with great taooia* In parts representing German*, Frenchmen. Jews, and old men: brought out pantomime*. 1784 and 1788: published a collection of bons mot* entitled School for Wit* 1815, autobiographical Dramatic ReiuinUeences and note* of stage history.
^ Wey or WAY. WILLIAM (1407?-1476), traveller and author: M.A. and B.D. Oxfonl; fellow of Exeter College, oxford, 1430-42: fellow of Eton College, c. 14 2: wrote sermons, and itineraries (published. 1857) of his pilgrimages to Cotupostella, 1446, and Palestine, 1457-8 and 1462.
^ John Weyland (1774–1854), writer on the poor laws; called to bar, Inner Temple, 1800; M.P., Hindoo, 1830-2; published A Short Enquiry Into... Poor Laws 1807,Letter... on State of Religion lu India 1813, and other papers,
^ Thomas Dk Weyland (fl. 1272–1290), judge; pub-deacon: justice itinerant in eastern counties from 1272; justice of common pleas, e. 1274, and chief -justice, 1278-89; active in judicial duties, but rapacious in increasing his estates; removed from office and his estates confiscated on Edward I's return to England, when the conduct of the judges during Edward I'd atscncc was investigated, 1289; banished, 1290.
^ Viscounts Weymouth . SeeTHY*;HK,Sw THOSCAR, first VISCOUNT, 1640-1714; THYNNK, THOMAS, third VISCOUNT, 1734-1796.
^ Weymouth or WAYMOTJTH. GEORGE (Jl. 1605), voyager; employed by East India Company to seek for north- west passage to India; penetrated Hudson's Strait, but was forced to return by mutiny, 1602: hi second voyage, 1605, traded with natives on New England coast and sailed up a river in Maine.
^ Whale Y or WHALLEY, THOMAS (1766–1800), Irish politician and eccentric; nicknamed Buck and Jerusalem* Whaley: lived extravagantly in ParU, 1782, and Dublin: M.P., Newcastle, co. Down, 1785-90, Knnisoorthy, 1797-1800: visited Jerusalem on a wager, 1788-9; revisited Paris, 1790; left autobiography in manuscript.
^ Edward Whalley (d. 1675?), regicide ; woollendraper; major in Cromwell's horse, 1643, and lieutenantcolonel, 1644; served with distinction in many actions, 1643-9; one of army leaders who resisted dlsbandment by parliament, 1647; custodian of Charles I at Hampton Court, 1648; sat as judge and signed Charles I's deathwarrant, 1649; served under Cromwell at Dunbar, 1650, and Worcester, 1651: major-general in command of midland district, 1655: active supporter of protectorate: sat in Oliver Cromwell's two parliaments, and in bis HOU.MJ of Lords, 1657; army agent to negotiate with Monck in Scotland, 1659; escaped to New England, 1660: still alive, 1C74.
^ Georgr Hammond Whalley (1813–1878), politician: called to bar, Gray's Inn, 1835; assistant tithe commissioner, 1836-47: published articles and treatise on tithe question, first edition, 1838; liberal M.I, Peterborough, 1859-78.
^ John Whalley (1653–1724), quack; resided in Dublin, 1682-8 and 1689-1724, Belling universal medicines, issuing Vox Urani or 4 Advice from the Stars an astrological almanac, and pretending to necromancy: visited London, 1688-9, to shun resentment of native Irish and Roman catholics; issued Whalley's News Letter a libellous weekly journal, from 1714; published astrological works.
^ Peter Whalley (1722–1791), author and editor; educated at Merchant Taylors School, 1731-40; fellow of St. John's College, Oxford. 17,. t; ROL* 17*8; ter in NorthanpUNUhlre and . trMfc _ 1760-76:" rector of He Gabriel FenIxindon. 1766-91, an; John Bridges (1666-1724) (q. T. Northampton- bin, colectloni, 1762-91. and Ben JonWs Work*, 1 17M: wrote into the Learning of Shakespeare 1748: died at Oiteud.
^ Richard Whalley (1499J-1683). politician: .,-:. i!,......I. -...,- -r:.IT,....,.:.,J...... 1539; jointrsteward to Protector fiomrnet; M4.. hear borough, 1547: crown receiver for Yorkehire. 1547-51: oorornWlooer for appropriaton of pariah chantriem, 1547; granted crown land*, 1549; imprieooed M edhenot of Bomenet, 155 1; gave evidence egmiMt Homen wiU):..-. o stead, 1554. and KJlzabeth, 166li aj:, -,. by Queen Mary. 1553: M. P.. Beet linnNottinghamshire, 1555; granUd
^ Thomas Sedgwick Whalley: and traveller: M.A. St. John's ( olUve. Cambridge, 1779; Hdinburgh, 1808; noa-roktent rector of Bag. wortliingham. Unoolnshire. 177S-1838; pnbeodary of Wells, 1777-1826; lived chiefly on contiiMnt, 17W-1808 18; published venea, 1779-97, and a tragedy. 1781; died at La Kit-cue: part of his journak and rorrepondencc published, 1861.
^ Baroxh Wharncliffe . Sea 8rrART-WoiTunr- Jam Mackexzik ARCIIIBAU), flrst BAROIT, 1776–184*; Stuart - WORTUCY, Jonx, second BAKOX, 1801–1855.
^ Anne Wharton (1632?-1685 X poeteaa: mfrlet: married Thomas Wharton (afterwards first MarquU of Wharton), 1673: wrote metrical paraphraM of Lamentations of Jeremiah and other verse,
^ Edward Ross Whartof (1844–1896), philotogw and genealogist; of Charterhouse, London, and Trinity College, Oxford: Ireland scholar: fellow of Jems College. Oxford, 1868-90; M.A., 1870: published Etyma Grwoa 1882, Etyma Latina 1890. anl translation* from elastics; his manuscript history of the family of Wharton in Bodleian Library.
^ Wharton Sin GEORGE, flrst baronet (1617–1681), astrologer; studied astronomy and mathematics at Oxford, 1633: published almanac under anagram of George Naworth, 1641-4, and under his own name, 164*, 1647,: iii..- tolMMi rtv Irhr, n,,.::. -. a : bora EorOtertai, of England from 1600: raised troop c of Itorso; 1642: defeated at Stow-on-tbe-Wold, 1643; paymaster to captain of bone, 1645; beg) pamphlet war with other almanac- r Charles I's artillery. 1644; pamphlet war with other almanac-makers, 1645: pubIbhed Bellum Hybernicale... AstrotogioaUy demonstrated 1646-7: Issued in London weekly sheet Mercurius Etenchicus ridiculing parliament, 1647; imprisoned, 1649-50: paymaster of ordnance office, 1660-81: published his Poems 1661; created baronet, 1677; prose works published, 1683.
^ George Wharton (1688–1739), physician ; M.D. Cambridge, 1719: P.IUC.P 1720; censor, 1715, 1729, 1732, and 1734; treasurer, 1727-39.
^ Henry Wharton (1664–1695), divine and author: scholar of Galas College, Cambridge, 1680-7; MJL, 1687; literary assistant to Dr. William Gave q. v.L 1686-7; chaplain to William Sancroft, the archbishop, 1 1693: rector of Minster and of Chartham, leS-iT: pablished, among other works,Treatise of Celibacy of Clergy 1688, * Anglla Sacra(lives of Bogliah preUtes to 15401 1691,Specimen of Errorsin Hurnct'sHistory of the Reformation 1693, History of Dr. WllL Laud 1695; his large manuscript collections In Lambeth Library.
^ Hbnry Thornton Wharton (1 846–1895 X physician and scholar; brother of Edward Row Wharton fq.r.: MJL Wedham College, Oxford, 1874: published work on Sappho (text, memoir, selected renderings, and translation), (885.
^ John Wharton or Warton (fl. 1575–1578), puritan writer; censured popularity of Chaucer's poems in preface to Jud Smith's A misticall deuise (1575); published metrical satire, Whartons Dreame (1578); other writings lost.
^ Philip Wharton, fourth Baron Wharton (1613-1096), fiuoceeled bis RandfattMT in barony, IGL'5; entered EM-UT (1 !.-., Oxford, 1026; headul Yorkshire opposition to court exactions, 1G40; commissioner to treat with Scots at Rlpon, 1640; champion of the popular party in the Lords, Long parliament, 1640; parliamentary lord-lieutenant of Lancashire and Buckingham, 1642: abandoned soldiering on his regiment being routed at Edgehill, 1642; member of committee of both kingdoms; lay member of Westminster Assembly, 1643; adopted independent views; voted for self-denying ordinance and creation of new-model army; commissioner to treat with Scots, 1645; declined all share in public affairs during Commonwealth and protectorate; coldly treated at Restoration; opposed Conventicle Act, 1670, and the proposed non-resistance oath, 1675; prisoner in Tower of London for censuring prolonged prorogation of parliament, 1677; retired abroad, 1685; strenuously supported William of Orange, 1688-9; opposed proposed abjuration oath, 1690.
^ Philip Wharton , DUKE OF WHARTON (1698–1731), only son of Thomas Wharton, first marquis of Wharton; god-son of William III; styled Viscount Winchendon, 1706-15: succeeded to marquisate, 1715; visited Pretender at Avignon and Marie Beatrix at St. Germain, 1716; took seat in Irish house of lords, 1717; created Duke of Wharton, 1718; patron of the turf; president of * Hell-fire Club (royal proclamation for its suppression issued, 1721); took seat in House of Lords, 1719; vigorously opposed extension of South Sea Company's charter, 1720, and attainder of Francis Atterbury , 1723; sold his estates and pictures, 1723-30; adopted, at Vienna, 1726, cause ofJames IIIand was createdDuke of Northumberland at Madrid, 1726, urged Spanish descent in favour of Stuarts, and embraced Roman Catholicism; visited Rome, 1726; served against Gibraltar, 1727, and received colonelcy of a Spanish regiment: outlawed, 1729; died in Catalonia; his writings published, 1731-2.
^ Philip Wharton (pseudonym). See John Cockburn THOMSON,
^ Thomas Wharton , first BARON WHARTON (1495 V-1568), served against Scots, 1522; knighted, c. 1527; high sheriff of Cumberland, 1529, 1535, and 1539; constantly employed in commissions on border affairs from 1531; supported Henry VIII against northern insurgents, 1536; employed to visit Cumberland monasteries, 1537; deputy-warden of west marches, 1537-49; captain of Carlisle, 1541; M.P., Cumberland, 1542; led raids into Scotland, 1542-3, and inflicted on Scots defeat of Sol way Moss; created Baron Wharton by patent, 1544; led raids into Scotland, 1547-8; incurred blood-feud with Scottish Maxwells by hanging their hostages, 1548; disapproved of the changes in religion, 1549; commissioner to treat with Scote, 1550; voted for execution of Somerset, 1551; deputy-warden of the three marches, 1553, and of east and middle marches only, 1553-68.
^ Thomas Wharton , second BARON WHARTON (1620-1572), son of Thomas Wharton, first baron Wharton; served against Scots: knighted, 1545; M.P., Cumberland, 1545-53, Hedon, 1554, Northumberland, 1566, Yorkshire, 1558; high sheriff of Cumberland, 1547; steward to Princess Mary, 1552; granted crown lands, 1553; privy councillor, 1553-9; imprisoned as recusant, 1561; succeeded to barony, 1568.
^ Thomas Wharton (1614–1673), physician ; studied at Cambridge, 1638, and Oxford; M.D. Oxford, 1647; P.R.C.P., 1650, censor, 1658, 1661, 1666, 1667, 1668, and 1673; physician to St. Thomas's Hospital, 1659-73, residing in London throughout the plague, 1665-6; discovered the sub-maxillary (Wharton's) gland; published, 1656, * Adenographia a description of the glands.
^ Thomas Wharton , first MARQUIS OP WHARTON (1648-1716), statesman; son of Philip Wharton, fourth baron Wharton; brought up in puritanical fashion; travelled, 1663-4; M.P., Wendover, 1673-9, and Buckinghamshire, 1679-96; leading patron of the turf, 16731706; supported Exclusion Bill, 1679-80; opposed settling revenues for life on James II, 1685; publishedLilli Burlero, Bullen-a-la 1687, set to a quick step by Purcell; joined William of Orange at Exeter, 1688: voted for declaring throne vacant, 1689; comptroller of the housebold, 1689-1702; succeeded to barony, 1696; lord-lieu tenant of Oxfordshire, 1G97, and of Buckinghamshire, 17H- 1; fiitcrtiiined William III at Wooburn, 1698; dismi.-ul from his posts by Queen Anne, 1702; opposed Occasional Conformity Bill, 1703-4: involved in controversy with Commons over Aylcsbury franchise case, 1703-5; spared no cost to return wings to parliament, 1705-10; commissioner for union with Scotland, 1706; created Earl of Wharton, 1706: as lord-lieutenant of Ireland, 1708-10, took Joseph Addison as his sem-tary, refused to have Jonathan Swift as chaplain, and Kttled Palatinate refugees in Ireland; urged prosecution of Henry SachevereU, 1710; led opposition to tory government, 1710-14, advocating help for distressed Catalans, censuring treaty of Utrecht, and opposing Schism Bill, 1714; joined whig leaders in forcibly taking seat at privy council and proclaiming George I, 1714: created Marquis of Oatherlough in Irish, and Marquis, of Wharton in British, peerage, 1715.
^ Richard Whately (1787–1863), archbishop of Dublin; fellow of Oriel College, Oxford, 1811-22; M.A., 1812; tutor; D.D., 1825; published Historic Doubts relative to Napoleon Buonaparte 1819, ridiculing David Hume's arguments; edited anti - Calvinistic treatise on predestination, 1821; published sermons, 1821-60; Bampton lecturer, 1822, on * Party Feeling in Matters of Religion; rector of Halesworth, Suffolk, 1822-5; principal of St. Alban Hall, 1825-31; supposed to be author of anti-Erastian Letters on Church of England by an Episcopalian 1826; published Logic (a treatise restricting the scope of logic to deduction merely), 1826, Rhetoric 1828, Errors of Romanism,* 1830; Drummond professor of political economy, 1829j 1831, publishing his Introductory Lectures; archI bishop of Dublin, 1831-63: presided over commissions to I administer united national education in protestant I and Roman catholic schools, 1831-53, and wrote scripj tural manuals for that purpose; founded political economy chair in Trinity College, Dublin, 1832; spoke and wrote against transportation, 1832-40; presided over commission on condition of Irish poor, 1833-6; voted for repeal of religious tests, 1833-53; wrote primers of mental, moral, and economic science for use in Irish schools, 1837-59; disapproved of Tithe Commutation Act, 1838; wrote against Ideal of a Christian Church," 1844, by William George Ward; voted for Maynooth grant, 1845; contributed munificently to Irish famine fund, 1847; edited Edward Oopleston's Remains 1854, Bacon's Essays 1856, and other works; published Lectures on... Scripture Parables 1857, and other expository treatises.
^ Thomas Whately (d. 1772), politician and literary student; M.P., Ludgershall, Wiltshire, 1761-8, Castle Rising, 1768-72; secretary to treasury under George Grenville, 1764-5; under-secretary of state under Lord North, 1771-2; published pamphlets on national finance, 1765-9, and Observations on Modern Gardening 1770; his Remarks on Shakespeare's characters of Macbeth and Richard III, published, 1785.
^ William Whately (1583–1639), puritan divine: B.A. Christ's College, Cambridge, 1601; M.A. St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, 1604: vicar of Banbury, 16101639; published devotional tracts, 1606-37; provoked much censure by his tract,A Bride-Bvsh 1619, allowing adultery or desertion to be valid ground of divorce.
^ William Robert Whatton (1790–1835), surgeon and antiquary; F.R.C.S., 1810: surgeon to Royal Infirmary, Manchester; F.S.A.; F.R.S., 1834; advocated a university forManchester, 1829; wrote papers on armorial bearings of Manchester and a history of Manchester grammar school and the Chetham Library.
^ Degory Wheare (1573–1647), historian : M.A. Broadgates Hall, Oxford, 1600; fellow of Exeter College, Oxford, 1602-8; travelled as tutor; first Camden professor of history, Oxford, 1622-47; principal of Gloucester Hall, Oxford, 1626-47; published, among other works, * De Ratioue... Legendi Historias 1623.
^ Benjamin Robert Wheatley (1819–1834), bibliographer; catalogued many public and private libraries, including that of Athenaeum Club, 1843; indexed many books, including Journal of Statistical Society; librarian of Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society, 1855-84.
^ Wheatley Mits. CLARA MARIA (. 1838 1 See Pope.
^ Francis Wheatlet (1747–1801), (winter of . portrait groups, landsmpes, and some* from daily or p.-.nunt lit,-; first exhibited in London, 1766; tim.Ahihited at Royal Academy, 1778: raided li and exhibited there, 1779-81; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1784-1801; aJL, 1791: copied Greuxe's mannerisms,
^ William Op Wheatley (. 1SU).
^ Charles Weeatlt (1086–1742), divine ; edurated at Mercliant TaylorsSchool, 1699-1706: feUow o( St. John's College, Oxford, 1707-13: M.A. lecturerin various London churches, 1717-24: vicar -42: put trinal trncU. and, 1710, a popular Book of Common l*rayer. commentary on the III LX.4M
^ Sir Charles Wheatstone (1802–1876), man of science and inventor; musical-Instrument maker in London, 1823; presented to the Royal Society a memoir explaining Chladnl's Figure* 1833: professor of experimental ph;,-,-,K.,,-- DOM, 1,-niuM. If*; fJUC vSt{ h-.n. D.C.L. Oxford, 1862; hon. LL.D. Cambridge, 1864: knighted, 1868; experimented, c. 1*23,.... light: suggested the stereoscope, and, 1833, spectrum with (Sir) analysis: collaborated Cooke in graph and i William Fothergill proving electric tele important improvements in submarine telegraphy, magneto-electrical machines (dy nA.mrvi V Htfft * U rPIWMI t Of Gtootrlc&l fOFCC ftttl sUltOtDfttiC ally recording instruments.
^ Daniel Wheeler (1771–1840), qnaker nrseionary: apprentice on merchantman, 1783; midshipman, royal navy, 1781; served in army, 1790-6; joined quakers, 1798; accepted as quaker minister, 1816; manager of Russian imperial farms at Ochta, 1818-28, and Shoosharry, 1828-31, occasionally visiting England: made missionary voyage in Polynesia and Australasia, 1833-8, and missionary tour in North America, 1839: died at New York: his Letters and Journals published, 1835- 9: Memoirs by his son, 1842.
^ Sir Hugh Massy Wheeler (1789–1867), majorgeneral, Indian army: ensign, 1803: lieutenant-colonel, 1835; brigadier, 1845; K.O.B., 1850; major-general, 1854; served with distinction in Afghan war, 1838-9, and Sikh wars, 1845-9; in command at Cawnpore, 1856; failed to appreciate gravity of impending mutiny, 1857, and to make sufficient preparations for defence of European non-combatants; capitulated on terms, after brave defence; murdered in the first massacre.
^ Jamk Wheeler 8 TALBOYS (1824–1897), historian of India: bookseller in Oxford: issued summaries of ancient and scripture history and of Herodotean geography, 1848-55; employed to report on government records at Madras, 1860; assistant-secretary in the foreign department at Calcutta, 1862; secretary at Rangoon, 1870-3; reported on the records in the home and foreign department* at Calcutta from 1876; retired, 1891. His works on Indian history include History of Madras (1639-1748V 1860-2, * History of India 1867-81, and Mahratta States (1627 to 1858V 1878.
^ John Wheeler (Jl. 1601–1608), secretary of Merchant AdventurersCompany; publishedTreatise of Commerce 1601, and Lawes... of... Merchantes Adventurers of... England 1608.
^ Maurice Wheeler ( 1648?-1727), divine; chaplain of Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1670; rector of St. Ebbe's, Oxford, 1670-80: master of Gloucester Cathedral School, 1684-1708; prebendary of Lincoln, 1708: benefioed in Northamptonshire, 1680-1727; published "The Oxford Almanac for 1673
^ Thom As Wheeler ( 1754-1 847), botanist: student at St. Thomas's Hospital, London. 1767; curator of Society of ApothecariesGarden, Chelsea, 1778-1820; apothecary to Christ's Hospital, London, 1800, and St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, 1806-30.
^ Abraham Wheelocke, Wheelocke , WHELOCKE, WHELock or WHELOC, (1593–1653), linguist;
^ off Beaehy Head, 169o.aad BarUral. 16M: failed in attsoiDU on and Canada, 16tt; COUTC l..M; with most of his fleet, la hurricane off Malaga. fix 4441
^ Wheler 8m OBOROB (1660–1723), traveller: M.A. Lincoln College, Oxford, 1681: D.D., 1702; ttodeot Middle Temple, 1671: travelled in France and Italy, 16731675, and in Greece and Levant, 1676-6, ooUectlng planu. coins, clawlcal manuseripta, and antique marble*: poblished hisJourney Into Greece 1682: knighted, 1682; canon of Durham, 1684; rector of UoughUm-le-8pring, Lff Mi
^ Granville Wheler (1701–1770), son of Sir George Wheler; rector of Leake, Nottinghamshire; F.R.S., 1728; experimented in electricity.
^ Robert Bell Wheler (1785–1857), antiquary; solicitor of Stratford -on- A von; published * History and Antiquities of 1806, andGuide to Btratford-on-Avoo. 1814, and Account of Birthplace of Shakespeare 1829; his collections now in Birthplace Museum.
^ Roger Whelpdals (f. 1423), bishop of OarUsle : fellow, e. 1402, and provost, 1404-21, of Queen's College, Oxford; bishop of Carlisle, 1420: heqncatnert books to Bulliol and Queen's Colleges, Oxford.
^ Jidward Whetenhall (1636–1711), See
^ John Whethamstede or Bostock ( 1465), abbot of St Albans; became monk at St. Albans after 1401: prior of Gloucester College, Oxford, where he afterwards built library and chapel: D.D.: in first abbacy. 1420-40, repaired conventual buildingK, and was involved in many lawsuits; attended council at Pa via, 1421; friend of Humphrey, duke of Gloucester; in i abbacy, 1451-05, built the library at St. Alb Granarium de vlris illustrlbus (partially turgid official letters, and doggerel Latin ven
^ George Whetstone (H44T-W87?), author; spent his patrimony in riotous living; served in Low Countries against Spaniards, 1572-4; prefixed commendatory Terns to George Gascoigne's Flowers 1575; published Rocke of Regard, tales in prose and verse drawn from Italian, interspersed with poems addressed to friends, 1576; published Remembraunce, obituary panegyric, on George Gascoigne, 1577, followed by others on Sir Nich. Bacon, 1579, Sir James Dier and Thomas Radcliffe, earl of Sussex, 1583, Francis, earl of Bedford, 1586, and Sir Philip Sidney, 1587: published in miscellanies, 1577 and 1578; published, 1578, Promos and Casflandra, a play in rhymed verse (never acted), the plot of which closely membte. Shakesneare's Measure for Measure; sailed dland voyage, 1578-9; Humphrey Gilbert's Newfc. _. visited Italy, 1580; published An Heptameron of Ciulll Discounes 1582 (prose tales adapted from GlrakU Cinthio), A Mlrour for Mage.tr.teV wit& d-crlptjons of tow Utein London, 1584, and The honorable Reputation of a ~~; 1586, a collection of military anecdotes; served in Holland, 1585-6, taking part in the action at Zutphen; jpaWUbed 'The Enguah Myrror 1686, containing In second part notices of conspiracies against Queen Elisabeth, and The %ot?$!Mi,TtUw* on the Babington conspiracy. **!
^ Sir William Whetstonr (d. 1711), rear-admiral; captain, 1689: rear-admiral in West Indies i;,,, 3,:, I,,,,,,. l, 1 l.,,.,...:.!-.. K.-.tM. IT,:,: cashiered for allowing convoy to be captured by M. de Forbin, the privateer, 1707.
^ William Whewell (1794–1866), master of Trinity College, Cambridge; schoolfellow at Lancaster grammar school of Sir Richard Owen, the naturalist; exhibitioner of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1812; second wrangler and second Smith's prizeman, 1816; fellow, 1817; tutor, 1823-38; learned German thoroughly and helped to introduce the analytical methods of continental mathematicians; published treatises on Mechanics 1819, and Dynamics 1823; F.R.S., 1820; went summer tours, 1820-1831 resulting in Architectural Notes on German Churches 1830 (enlarged, 1835); P.G.S., 1827, and president, 1837-8; professor of mineralogy, Cambridge, 1828-1833; wrote in 1830 Astronomy and General Physics considered with reference to Natural Theology, the first of the Bridgewater Treatises (published, 1833); published in the Royal Society's Transactions fourteen laborious memoirs on tides, 1833-50; frequently attended British Association meetings, 1832-62; engaged in controversy with Sir William Hamilton as to value of mathematical training, 1836-7; published History of the Inductive Sciences 1837, and Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences 1840; Knightbridge professor of moral philosophy, 1838-65, publishing Lectures on that subject. 1841-52; master of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1841-66; vice-chancellor of Cambridge University, 1843 and 1856; secured election of Prince Consort as chancellor of Cambridge University, 1847, and the institution of moral sciences and natural sciences triposes, 1848; published (anonymously) treatise denying probability of Plurality of Worlds 1853; enlarged buildings of Trinity College, Cambridge; founded professorship and scholarships for international law; published and edited many other works in natural and mathematical science, philosophy, and theology, and sermons. In philosophy he championed the old-fashioned form of intuitionism against John Stuart Mill.

[1] Alexander Watson ( 1815?–1865), divine; son of Joseph Wateon; M.A. Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 1840; held various curacies and benefices, 1840-65; edited and published sermons.

[2] Anthony Watson (d. 1605), bishop of Chichester; fellow of Christ's College, Cambridge, 1572; M.A., 1575; D.D., 1596; rector of Cheam, 1581-1606, and of Storrington, 1592-1605; dean of Bristol, 1590-7: chancellor of Wells, 1592-6; lord almoner, 1595-1605; bishop of Chichester, 1596-1605.

[3] Sir Brook Watson , first baronet (1735–1807), merchant and official: went to sea before 1749; commissary at the sieges of Beausejour, 1755, and Louisbourg, 1758; merchant in London, 1759: commissary-general in Canada, 1782-3, Flanders, 1793-5, and in Great Britain from 1798; M.P., London, 1784-93; a director of the Bank of England; alderman, 1786, sheriff, 1786, and lord mayor of London, 1796-7; created baronet, 1803.

[4] Caroline Watson (1761?–1814), engraver in stipple; daughter of James Watson (1739?-1790).

[5] Charles Watson (1714–1767), rear-admiral; entered the navy, 1728; lieutenant, 1735: captain, 1738; commodore on the North American station, 1748: rearadmiral, 1748; commander-in-chief in the East Indies, 1754-7; co-operated with Robert Clive in reducing Gherian, February 1756, recovering Calcutta, December 1756, reducing Chandernasjore, March 1757, and crushing Suraj ud Dowlah, June 1757; his name, by Clive's contrivance, fraudulently attached to a fictitious treaty to deceive Omichund; died in Bengal; monument in Westminster Abbey.

[6] Christopher Watson (d. 1581), historian and translator; M.A. Cambridge, 1569; probably beneflced in Norfolk: published a translation of Polybius, and a life of Henry V, 1568; published a catechism, 1579; his manuscript notes concerning Durham are in the British Museum.

[7] David Watson (1710–1756), translator; native of Brechin; M.A. St. Andrews; published a text andprose version of Horace, 1741, and a manual of classical mythology, 1752.

[8] David Watson (1713?–1761), major-general, royal engineers; lieutenant of foot, 1733; captain, 1745; lieutenant-colonel, 1746; military engineer in Flanders, 1742-5, serving at Dettingen, 1743, and Fpntenoy, 1715; military engineer in Scotland, 1745-64, serving at Falkirk, January 1746, and Culloden, April 1746, and superintending the military survey of Scotland, 1747-64; planned defensive works in the south of England, 1755-6; captain, royal engineers, 1757; served against St. Malo, 1758; quartermaster-general in Germany, 1768-61; distinguished himself at Miuden, 1759; major-general, 1759.

[9] George Watson (1723?–1773), divine; scholar, 1744, and fellow, 1747-54, of University College, Oxford; M.A., 1746; published theological tracts.

[10] Watson liKultGB (1767–1837), portrait-painter ; Supil of Ali-x:niiliT Naxmyth, and, 1786-7, of Sir u-hii:i KcynoMs; titled ax an artist In burgh; tir.-t in-iu-nt of the ( Uoyal) Scottish Academy, be.

[11] Henry Watson (1737–1786), ___ educated at Woolwich; ensign, 1765; lieutenant, served at lidleinle, 1761, and Havana, 1762: captain, 1763; ii,-;,i-,-i,!:.-,-r i, ik-uga!. 1764, and chief engineer, 1765; inntrii.-!.-l.lo.-k- ut r..!.-utu; returned to BogLin.!: tranalated Baler on shipbuilding, 1776; again rved in India, 1780-6.

[12] Hbwett Cottrbll Watson (1804 - 1881). botanist; inherited a Derbyshire estate, e. 18S6; ftodied mlogy and natural history in Edinburgh, 18W-M: settled at Thames Ditton, 1833; published phrenological tnatfsm UM; tdtttd ktaPhnoototfeaJ fannD ORH 1840: vialted the Axores, 184S; edited the London Catalogue of British Plant* 1844-74: contributed an articleOn the Theory of Progressive Development to the 'Phytologist 1846: published a classification of British plants according to local distribution Cybele Britannica with supplement* and aCompendium 1847-73, and Topographical Botany 1873-4, with other botanical tracts.

[13] James Watson (fl. 1722), Scottish printer; printer in Edinburgh from 1695: imprisoned for a pamphlet on the Ihirii-n grievaiuv, 1700; published the Edinburgh Gazette from 1700, and the Edinburgh Couraut from 1706; published Comic and Serious Scottish Poems 1706-11; opened a bookseller's shop, 1709; joint king's printer in Scotland, 1711.

[14] James Watson (1739?–1790), mezzotint engraver: an Irishman: trained in London: engraved portraits after Reynolds; exhibited engravings, 1702-75.

[15] James Watson (1766?–1838), agitator; probably an apothecary in Bloomsbury: became, with his son James (of. 1836), a leader of the tavern club, which advocated the communistic views of Thomas Spence, 1814; a leader of the riotous mob, December 1816; acquitted of a charge of high treason, June 1817; withdrew to America.

[16] James Watson (1799–1874), radical publisher; warehouseman in Leeds, 1817; became a freethinker, 1819; salesman in London for Richard Carlile q. v., 1822: imprisoned, 1823; compositor and manager of Carllle's business, 1825: adopted Robert Owen's co-operative schemes, 1826: storekeeper of the Co-operative Association, 1828: printer and publisher, 1831, issuing, among other books, cheap reprints of Tom Paine's works; imprisoned, 1833 and 1834; a leading chartist, 1837; joined Mazzini's International League 1847; agitated for freedom of the press.

[17] John Watson (d. 1530), friend of Erasmus; fellow of Peterhouse, Cambridge, 1501-16; travelled in Italy; rector of Elsworth, 1516, and of St. Mary Woolnoth. London, 1523; master of Christ's College, Cambridge, 1517-30; D.D. Cambridge, 1517; prebendary of Southwell, 1523; one of the divines selected to answer for Cambridge University Henry VIII's questions about his divorce.

[18] John Watson (1520–1584), bishop of Winchester; fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, 1540: M.A., 1544: prebendary of Winchester, 1651; rector of Kelshall and of Winchfield, 1554, with other benefices; chancellor of St. Paul's, 1558; archdeacon of Surrey. 1669; master of St. Cross, Winchester, 1568; dean of Winchester, 1570, and bishop, 1580-4.

[19] John Watson (1726–1783), antiquary ; fellow of Brasenoee College, Oxford, 1746; M.A., 1748; curate at Halifax, 1750-4; incumbent of Ripponden, near Hallfax, 1754-66: F.S.A., 1759; rector of Stockport, 1789; publishedHistory and Antiquities of... Halifax 1775, and Memoirs of the... Earls of Warren and Surrey 1776; made large historical collections for Cheshire.

[20] John Dawson Watson (1832–1898), artist: trained at Manchester, 1847, and London, 1851; exhibited in Manchester, 1861, and In London. 1869-9 J: member of the Society of Painters in Water-colours, 1869; a prolific book illustrator; painted In water-colours.

[21] John Forbes Watson ( MHJ7-1M92). India: M. A and M.D. Aberdeen,. Bombay, 1860-1; director of the India Museam, !* *j; Htu-hM U th- In:...,,.,mrtii,.-i.t of tin- international exhibitions, 186S, 1868, 1871; poblUb.

[22] John Selby Watson (1804–1884), author and murderer; If. A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1844: curate In 9o r tt, IBM 11. MbooiiMta !i Mo i-i! rOi DMtxted, 1841 i for murdering his wife, 1871: texts and tranalations; compiled biography of Porson, 1861.

[23] Jonas Watson (1661–1741), artillery offleer: served In Ireland and Planden: lieutenant-colonel. 17X7; commanded the artillery at Gibraltar, when hfdegBl. 1727; killed at Carthagena.

[24] Joseph Watson (1766?-18*9), author of treatises on deaf and dumb Instruction; pupil of Thomas Braidwood: master of the Kent Road deaf and dumb asylum, London.

[25] Joshua Watson (1771–1866), London wine-merchant, 1792-1814; a Tractarian high-church party; first treasurer ofthe National s.--i.-ty, 1811-42: an active member of most church institutions and associations, and one of the Hackney Phalanx; hon. D.O.L. Oxford, 18SO.

[26] Justly Watson (1710?-1767), military engineer; son of Jonas Watson: artillery officer at Gibraltar. 17'7; joined the engineers, 1732: served at Oarthagena, 1741, and in the futile attempt* on Cuba, 1741, and Panama, 1742; stationed at Jamaica, 1742-4; surveyed Darien and Florida, 1743; served in the descent on Brittany, 1746: chief engineer In the MM way district, 1748; reported on West African station*, 1756-6; stationed In Nova Scotia, 1757, and died there; lieutenantcolonel, royal engineers, 1767.

[27] Sir Lewis Watson , first BABOX ROCK; (1584-1653), of Rockingham Castle. Northamptonshire: entered Magdalen College, Oxford, 1699; stud.: Middle Temple, 1601; knighted, 1608; a cour friend of George Vllliers, first duke of ~ ; M.P., Lincoln, 1614, 1621, 1624; created baronet, 1621; sheriff of Northamptonshire, 1632-1; arrested for allowing parliament troops to occupy Rockingham Castle, 1643; joined Charles I at Oxford; created Baron Rockiugham, 1646; compounded for his estates, 1647.

[28] WATSON, MUSGRAVE LEWTHWAITB (1804-184 7), sculptor, etcher, and painter In water-colour*; solicitor! apprentice at Carlisle, 1821; practiced drawing; art , student in London, 1824, and Rome; opened a studio In London, 1828; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1819-47: executedThe Battle of St. Vincent* bas-relief on the Nelson Monument.

[29] Peter William Watson (1761–1830), boUnist; tradesman in Hull; devoted to natural science: a landscape-painter; published. 1824-6,Dendrologia Britannica an account of foreign trees and shrubs adapted to the climate of Britain.

[30] Richard Watson (1612–1686), royalist writer; a Londoner; M. A. Caius College, Cambridge, 1636: fellow, 1636-44; ejected by the parliament; master of Perse School, Cambridge, 1636-42; royalist chaplain in Paris; restored to his fellowship, 1660; D.D. Oxford. 166t; rector of Pewsey, 1662; prebendary of Salisbury, 1664, with other preferment; published TerM praising Charles I, treatises against presbyterlanism, and puritanism, and other controversial works, 1649-84.

[31] Richard Watson (1737 1816), bishop of Llandaff; scholar of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1767; second wrangler, 1769; fellow. 1760; M.A. 176S: professor of chemistry, 1764: F.1CS.. 1769: D.D. and regius professor of divinity, 1771; made a discovery which led to the black-bulb thermometer; prebendary, 1774, and archdeacon of Bly, 1779-82; offended the court by a whig sermon, 1776; rector of Northwold, 1779-81; rector of Knaptoft, 1781; bishop of Llandaff, 1782; inherited an estate, 1786; wrote In favour of Pitt's war policy, 1798; advocated the union with Ireland, 1799 and Roman catholic emancipation, 1804; published .,-iil research, ermtn.v.Tsia! tracts, and sermons and charges; defended Christianity against Uwxd Gibbon, 1776, and Thomas Paine, 179G: his advice to government (1787) on improvements in gunpowder said to have resulted in a saving of 100,000l. a year.

[32] Richard Watson (1781–1833), methodist divine; apprenticed to a joiner at Lincoln, 1795; Wesleyan preacher, 1796-1801; minister of the methodist New connexion 1803-7; editor of the Liverpool Courier 1808; Wesleyan minister, 1812-33; London secretary to Wesleyan missions, 1816-27, 1832-3; agitated for abolition of slavery, 1825-32; published a life of John Wesley, papers on Wesleyan missions, theological text-books, and sermons.

[33] Robert Watson (fl. 1555), protestant; a civilian; steward to Archbishop Cranmer; imprisoned as a protestant, 1554-6; went abroad on his release; published, 1556, Btiologia an account of his trial.

[34] Robert Watson (fl. 1581–1605), almanac-maker; of Queens' College and Clare Hall, Cambridge; B.A. Clare Hall, Cambridge, 1585; licensed to practise physic, 1589; settled at Brain tree; first known issue of his almanac, 1595, latest, 1605.

[35] Robert Watson (1730?–1781), historian; professor of logic, St. Andrews; principal of St. Salvator's College, 1777; minister of St. Leonard's parish, St. Andrews, 1777; published histories of Philip II. of Spain 1777, and, posthumously (1783), of Philip III.

[36] Robert Watson (1746–1838), adventurer; rose to be colonel in Washington's army; M.D.; secretary to Lord George Gordon, 1780; an advocate of revolution; imprisoned as a political suspect, 1796-8; fled to Paris and became English tutor to Napoleon; known as Chevalier Watson; principal of Scots College, Paris, c. 1802-8; teacher of English in Rome, 1816-19; purchased at Rome the Stuart papers from an attorney, who had been confidential agent to Henry, cardinal York (1725-1807), 1817 (papers seized by the Vatican, and finally delivered to the prince regent); obtained in all 3.600l. from the English ministry for his find; committed suicide in London; published life of Lord George Gordon, 1795; edited Political Works of Fletcher of Saltoun, 1798, and, 1821, Chevalier Johnstone's Memoirs of... 1745.

[37] Rundle Burges Watson (1809–1860), captain, RJ?.; lieutenant, 1829; captain, 1842; commanded a squadron in the Baltic, 1854-5.

[38] Samuel Watson (1663–1715), sculptor in wood and stone; employed at Chatsworth, 1693-1707.

[39] Thomas Watson (1513–1584), bishop of Lincoln ; fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1535; M.A., 1637; D.D., 1554; a humanist; wrote a Latin tragedy, Absolon (Absalom; rector of Wyke Regis, 1545; chaplain to Stephen Gardiner, 1645-53; imprisoned, 1547-8 and 1550; a leading Roman catholic preacher in London, 1553-3; master of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1553-4; dean of Durham, 1553-7; one of the disputants against Cranmer at Oxford, 1554; one of Cardinal Pole's commission to visit Cambridge University, 1557; bishop of Lincoln, 1557; deprived of his see, June 1559; kept in custody, 1559-84.

[40] Thomas Watson (1567?–1592), poet; possibly educated at Oxford; law-student in London; studied Italian and French poetry; circulated in manuscript Latin poems, and Latin versions of some of Petrarch's eonnete; visited Paris, 1681, and formed a friendship with Sir Francis Walsingham; published a Latin version of the Antigone of Sophocles, with an appendix of Latin allegorical poems and experiments in Latin metres, 1581; contributed commendatory verses, Latin and English, to his friends' books; published, 1582, EtcdTouiraBia, or Passionate Centurie of Loue eighteen-line English poems (called sonnets), reflecting classical and French and Italian poems, and being in some cases translations; published Latin versions of Tasso's Aminta 1585, and of Raptua Helenas from the Greek of Coluthus, 1586; his version of the Aminta rendered into English, without authority, by Abraham Fraunce, 1587; published "The first Sett of Italian Madrigalls " " 1590, and an Eglogue (Latin and English) on Walsingham's death, 1590. His Latin pastoral Amynta? Gaudia appeared posthumously in 1592, and The Tears of Kaneie, sixty English sonnets, in 1593; a few previously unpublished poems appeared in The Phoenix Nest 1593, and England's Helicon IG(K). His sonnets were do-ely studied by Shakespeare and other contemporaries. He was the Amyntas of Spenser's Colin Clout's come home again (1595). and was declared by Francis Meres to be the equal of Petrarch, Theocritus, and Virgil.

[41] Thomas Watson (d. 1686), puritan divine : educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge; chaplain to Mary, widow of Horace Vere, baron Tilbury; intruded minister of St. Stephen's, Walbrook, London, 1046; joined in the London ministerspetition against Charles I's execution, 1649; imprisoned as a suspected royalist intriguer, 1651; ejected from St. Stephen's, 1660: preacher in London, 1660-80; published devotional works, 16521669. His Body of Practical Divinity appeared posthumously, 1692.

[42] Thomas Watson (1637–1717), bishop of St. David's; fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1660; M.A., 1662; D.D., 1675; rector of Burrough Green, Cambridgeshire; a strong supporter of James II; bishop of St. David's, 1687; opposed William III's government, 1692-6; involved in a controversy with his registrar, Robert Lucy, 1694; accused of simony, 1695; found guilty and deprived of his see, 1699; vainly tried, 1700-5, to obtain reversal of the sentence, which his friends believed to have been influenced by his Jacobite opinions.

[43] Thomas Watson (d. 1744), captain in the navy ; lieutenant, 1733; lost his ship, the Northumberland, in a badly fought action, 1744; died of wounds.

[44] Thomas Watson (1743–1781), engraver; engraved portraits, both in stipple and mezzotint; printseller in London.

[45] Sir Thomas Watson , first baronet (1792–1882); physician; fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1816; studied medicine in London and Edinburgh; M.D. Cambridge, 1825; became a leading physician in London, 1825-70; F.R.C.P., 1826, Gulstonian lecturer, 1827, Lumleian lecturer, 1831, and censor, 1828, 1837, and 1838; physician to Middlesex Hospital, London, 1827-43; professor at University College, London, 1 828-31, and at King's College, London, 1831-40; F.R.S., 1859; created baronet, 1866; active member of College of Physicians; published Lectures on the... Practice of Physic 1843.

[46] Walter Watson (1780–1854), Scottish poet; private in the Scots greys, 1799-1802; afterwards a weaver; published songs and verses, 1808, 1823, 1843; his Select Poems published, 1853.

[47] William Watson (1559?-1603), conspirator; visited Oxford, 1569; went to Rheims, 1575; secular priest, 1586; sent on the English mission; imprisoned, 1586, and again, 1587; protested against Anthony BabIngton's plot, 1587; escaped to Liege, 1588; mission priest in west of England, 1590; imprisoned, 1597 and 1599-1602; opposed the appointment of George Blackwell as archpriest, 1600; strenuously opposed the Jesuits, and especially their project of conveying the English crown to the infanta of Spain: author, or part-author, of four books printed at Rheims, 1601, against Robert Parsons and the Jesuits, the longest being Ten Quodllbeticall Questions concerning Religion and State; negotiated with Bishop Richard Bancroft about an oath of allegiance which Roman catholics might conscientiously take, 1602; provoked by James I's failure to obtain toleration for Roman catholics, became a leader of the Bye or PriestsPlot and privy to the Main plot, 1603; informed against by the Jesuits; executed at Winchester.

[48] Watson Sm WILLIAM (1715–1787), physician and naturalist; apothecary's apprentice in London, 1730; apothecary, 1738; F.R.S., 1741; honorary M.D., Halle, 1757; physician to Foundling Hospital, London, 1762-87; F.R.O.P., 1784, and censor, 1785 and 1786; knighted, 1786; published botanical papers from 1744, notes of electrical experiments, 1745-63, and some medical papers, 1762-8.

[49] Watson .- 1 it WILLIAM ( 1 7 1 1 : - .'.', ?). physician : M.I).; K.H.S., 17ti7; knight"!, 17r,-. j.ruU.My Villi:un V;u-m(1715-1787)

[50] William Watson , Luitn WATBOX (18f7-189), : t-lui-ated at Glasgow and BUnbtUfh ! LI. I* ted advocnt --ared funn-of Dr. Kl-.v:ird Williai l the r. !K-,5; solicitor-general for BcoUand, 1 I.-.n of Faculty of Advocate*, 1876: lonl advocate and M.I tor iloivow and Aberdeen universities, 1876: prlTy councillor, Is7h; Appointed ordinary lord of appeal and created life peer, 1880. -IL uL608

[51] Sir William Henry Watson (1798–1880), e Peninsula, 1812-14, and at Waterloo, 1815: called to bar at Lincoln's Inn, 1833: Kinsale, 1841-7, and Hull, 1854-6: baron of the and knighted, 1866; published two legal treaties, 1826-7.

[52] Watson - WENTWORTH. CHARLES, second Marquis of Rockingham (1730-17H2X styled Viscount Higham from 1734, and Earl of Malton from 1746; of Westminster School and St. John's College, Cambridge; served as volunteer against the Scottish insurgents, 1746; created Earl of Malton in the Irish peerage, 1760; sue. oeeded to the marqnlaate, 1760; held decided whig opinions: lord of the bedchamber, 1751-62; lord-lieutenant of North and East Ridings of Yorkshire, 1761; vice-admiral of Yorkshire, 1768; out of favour and dismissed from his offices, 1762; premier of a coalition ministry, July 1765; mortified George III by repealing the Stamp Act, opposing grants to the king's br and condemning general warrants; dismissed from office, July 1766; failed to form a whig ministry, 1767: a leader of the opposition in the House of Lords,! 1768-81: supported proposals to grant independence to UnAmerican colonies and partial enfranchisement of Roman catholics, 1778; prime minister, March 1782.

[53] James Watt (1698–1782), merchant ; chief magistrate of Groenock, 1751.

[54] James Watt (1736–1819), engineer; suffered throughout life from weak health: studied geometry. 1749; showed great manual dexterity: served for a yeur under a London philosophical-instrument maker: mathematical-instrument maker In the precincts of Gla-oxv University, 1757; while repairing a model of John Newt-omen's steam-engine, discovered the cause of its waste of power, 1764; devised the separate condenser and the air-pump, to obviate the defect, 17f.5: went into partnership with John Roebuck to construct improved steam-engines, but their experimental engine proved unsatisfactory; employed in survey work for canals and harbours, e. 1760-74: latented his Watt steam-engine, 1769; obtained a prolongation of his patent, 1775; in partnership with Matthew Boulton, at Soho Engineering Works, Birmingham, 1775-lbOO; frequently visited Cornwall to superintend construction of engines to drain mines; experimented to obtain rotary motion from his reciprocating engine, at first by applying the crank, e. 1780, afterwards by the 8un-and-planet wheel, 1781; made use of theexpansiveness of steam to obtain the double stroke, 1782, and introduced other mechanical improvements, 1784; adopted the centrifugal governor for regulating speed of steam-engines; patented a fuel-saving furnace. Ids last patent, 1786: engaged in litigation to protect his patents, 1792-1800; invented copying-ink, 1780; independently discovered the composition of water (his dephlogisticated air= oxygen andphlogiston= hydropen), 1782-3; projected the screw-propeller, 1784; retired and devoted himself to mechanical and chemical research: F.R.8., 1786; LL.D. Glasgow, 1806; accorded a Monument in Westminster Abbey.

[55] James Watt (1769–1848), engineer : son of James Watt (1736-1819); resided In Paris, 1789-94; partner In Bonlton & Watt, engineers, Birmingham, 1794; fitted the Caledonia with engines, and steamed to Holland and up the Rhine, this being the first steamship to leave an English port, 1817: Improved nuuiije engtae

[56] James Henry Watt (1799–1867), line-engraver and book illustrator. i- -1

[57] Robert Watt (1774–1819), bibliographer : began life aa plougbboy; studied in Glasgow University. 1792-6, and Edinburgh, 1796-7: snhoolmeatfr at Symington. Ayrshire. 1797-8: oompletei his medical eoww at Qla*gow ( 1798-9; practitioner In Paisley. 1799, and in Glasgow, t. 1810-17; poblUhed medical paprr Aberdeen, 1810: publUhedCatalogue of Medical Hooka :-;.:;,...,:i. A..-...;;. Bibliotbeca Britannlca a general catalogue of M&V*, -.:-,:.t.........;. I-.1.

[58] Alario Alexander Watts (177-14), poet : ; editor ofManchester Courier 1K26 6; pub -: -.; i-.::;... -. WTJ - I m litbed Poetical Sketch** 18; veulr an annual, 1824-18; pobUaea c of verse*, partly hl own, partly fugiti author -.,United I8H ir: bankrupt throatf f.-iiiiir.-..f hfemoMfiVMw* paper ventures, I860; publUhed Lyric- of the Heart,* 1860: furnished the letterpre- of Torner*tLiber Fluviorum 1863; obtained civil lift penMoa, 18M; brought out first Issue of Men of the Time 18M. ,., -..

[59] Gilbert Watts (d. 1667). divine . College, Oxford, 1614: fellow, 1621-57: D.D., 1641: ale Doe. 1642-7; translated Bacon's -De Aug mentis Scieutiarum 1640.

[60] Henry Watts (1815–1884), chemist; B.A. London, 1841; assistant-professor of chemistry. University Collect Li'ii.ion. 1H4C.-57: translated and expanded Leo :ii-linV Huudbnch der Cbemie dirliteen vo 1K48-72; edited the Chem. Journal 1849: F.R.S., 1866; edited Watts's Dictionary of Chemistry 1868, with supplements, 1878 -8L

[61] Hugh Watts (1582?–1643), bell-founder of Leicester: cast bells, 1600-43, known as Watt* Nanrene*,* from his favourite inscription; his peal of ten bells for .rk'urctV, Leicester, said to have been the finest in England at the time; mayor of Leicester at diaries Ps visit, 1631.

[62] Isaac Watts (1674–1748), hymn-writer; son of a nonconformist schoolmaster; educated at Stoke Newington nonconformist academy, 1690-4; wrote his first hymn, Behold the glories of the Lamb, c. 1695; private tutor, 1696-1702: nonconformist minister in London, 1702-48; hon. D.D. Edinburgh, 1728; composed six hundred hymns, including Jesus shall reign where'er the sun, Our God, our help in ages past and other standard hymns; published Hone Lyrics, religious poems, 1706, Hymns 1707, Divine Songs, hymns for children, 1715, and a selection of metrical Psalms of David 1719; published doctrinal treatises, of Arian tendency, 1722-46, broaching a theory held also by Henry More; compiled educational manuals, including Logic 1725, and Scripture History, 1732; accorded a monument in Westminster Abbey; his Collected Works published, 1810.

[63] Mrs. Jane Watts (1793–1816). See Waldie.

[64] Sir John Watts (d. 1616), merchant and shipowner; served in one of his own ships against the Armada, 1588; fitted out privateers; alderman of London; governor of the East India Company, 1601; knighted, 1603; an active member of the Virginia Company.

[65] John Watts (1818–1887), educational and social reformer; self-taught; lectured in many towns in favour of Robert Owen's communistic ideas; settled in Manchester, 1841; Ph.D. Giessen, 1844; advocated, in Manchester ami district, public parks, rate-supported schools, free libraries, cooperation, technical education; published many pamphlets on educational and economic questions.

[66] Richard Watts (15J9-1579), founder of Watts's charity (an almshouse and wayfarers rest) at Rochester; victualling contractor, 1560; deputy-victualler to the navy, 1564 and 1569; surveyor of ordnance, Upnor, IMS; IU Rochester, 1563-7; entertained Queen " 1573.

[67] Robert Watts (1820–1895), Irish presbyterian ,livin A IVll":i-t an.l at Li-xinirrcvi aivl lYintv inii. 1'iiitfd States; minister in I'hihvlrlplria. IS53-63, and iliii. 1H63-6: profirssur in tin* prohytorian college, .~t, 1866-95: published theological nepers, inoiodtag , nes of Professor Tyndal, 1874, ami of Herbert Spencer, 1875.

[68] Thomas Watts (1811–1869), keeper of printed I books nt the 1'ritisli Museum: acquired most European tuid some oriental languages; advocated general reading j room for British Museum Library, 1836: employed on the library staff from 1838, selecting foreign literature and j classifying acquisitions: superintendent of reading-room, 1847; keeper of printed books, 1866; published biblio- j graphical and philological papers.

[69] Walter Henry Watts (1776–1842), journalist and miniature-painter; exhibited miniatures at Royal Academy, 1808-30; member of the Society of Associated Artiste in Water-colours, 1808; parliamentary reporter j toMorning Post 1803-13, and to Morning Chronicle 1813-40; edited Annual Biography and Obituary 18171831.

[70] William Watts (1590?–1649), chaplain to Prince Rupert: M.A. Oaius College, Cambridge, 1614; travelled ! on continent; vicar of Barwick, 1624-48; rector of St. Alban, Wood Street, London, 1625-42; army chaplain to Lord Arundel, 1639, and to Prince Rupert, 1642-9; hon. D.D. Oxford, 1639; translated Confessions of St. Augustine 1631 (edited oy Pusey, 1838); edited Historia Major of Matthew Paris, 1640.

[71] William Watts (1752–1851), line-engraver; edited Copper-plate Magazine from 1774; published Seats of the Nobility and Gentry 1779-86: published Views in Scotland, 1791-4, in London and Westminster, 1800, in Turkey, 1801, and in Bath and Bristol, 1819.

[72] Andre Gilbery Wauchope (1846–1899), major-general: midshipman in navy, 1860; obtained discharge, 1862, and received commission in 42nd regiment, 1865; lieutenant, 1867; in charge of Papho district, Cyprus, i 1878-80; O.M.G., 1880; captain, 1878; served in Egypt, I 1888; major, 1884: in Soudan, 1884; brevet lieutenant- j colonel, 1884; in Nile expedition, 188 1-5: colonel, 1888; ! O.B., 1889: commanded brigade in expedition for recon- j quest of Soudan, 1898; major-general, 1898; commanded highland brigade in General Lord Methuen's column in Transvaal, 1899, and was killed at Magersfontein.

[73] Sir John Watjchope (d. 1682), covenanter ; of Niddrie Marischal, Midlothian; knighted, 1633: served in Argyll's army, 1645. lx. 76

[74] Alexander Waugh (1754–1827), Scottish divine; educated at Edinburgh University, 1770, in the secession church seminary, 1774, and at Aberdeen University, 1777; M.A. Aberdeen, 1778; D.D., 1815; minister at Newtown, near Melrose, 1780-2, and of the Wells Street congregational church, London, 1782; went on missionary tours in France, Ireland, and Scotland; published sermons, 1825.

[75] Sir Andrew Scott Waugh (1810–1878), major-general, royal engineers: educated at Addiscombe and Chatham; lieutenant, Bengal engineers, 1827; went to India, 1829; an extremely accurate worker for trigonometrical survey of India, 1832-43; surveyor-general of India, 1843-61; captain, 1844; lieutenant-colonel, 1847; P.R.S., 1858; returned to England, 1861; major-general and knighted, 1861.

[76] Edwin Waugh (1817–1890), Lancashire poet and miscellaneous writer; called the Lancashire Burns; son of a Rochdale shoemaker; self-taught; a journeyman printer: traveller for a Manchester printing firm; publishedSketches of Lancashire Life and Localities 1855; made his mark by the song, Come whoam to the childer anme 1856; published Poems and Songs 1859, and numerous prose and verse pieces connected with Lancashire; granted a civil list pension, 1881.

[77] Watton Watjtoh , WALTON, or WALTHONE, Simon IK (d. 1266 X bishop of Norwich : king's clerk ' to King John; incumbent of St. Andrew, Hastings, 1206; a Justice itinerant, 1246; rector of Stoke Prior, Herefordshire, 1263; chief-justice of common picas, 1257; conse crated bishop of Norwich, 1258; supported Henry III against the barons.

[78] Albert Way (1805–1874), antiquary ; son of LewU Way; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1834; travelled on continent and in Palestine; fellow of Society of Antiquaries, 1839, and director,! 1842-6; edited Promptorium Parvuiorum (Oamden Soc.), 1843-65.

[79] Sir Gregory Holman Bromley Way (1770–1844), lieutenant-general: ensign, 1797; captain, 1802; served at Malta, 1800, and Buenos Ayres, 1807; major, 1808; taken prisoner at Roli,a, 1808; served at Oporto, 1809, Talavera and Busaco, 1810, and Albuera, 1811; lieutenant-colonel of 29th foot, 1811-13; invalids! an I knighted, 1814; O.B., 1815, and deputy adjutant-general in North Britain, 1815-22; lieutenant-general, 1841.

[80] Lewis Way (1772–1840), advocate of conversion of the Jews; M.A. Merton College, Oxford, 1796; called to bar, Inner Temple, 1797; took holy orlers; foundtil Marbo3uf (English protestant) chapel, Paris.

[81] Way or WEY, WILLIAM (1407?-1476)

[82] Waylett Mus. HARRIET (1798–1851), actress: nte Cooke; appeared on the Bath stage, 1816; married Waylett (d. 1840),an actor, 1819; appeared at the Adelphi, London, 1820, in Birmingham, 1823, and in Dublin, 1828; manager of Strand Theatre, London, 1834; long a favourite actress of soubrette parts and a singer in London and the provinces; retired from the stage, 1843; married George Alexander Lee, c. 1840.

[83] Waynflete or WAINFLEET, WILLIAM OP (1395 ?-1486), bishop of Winchester: lord chancellor of England and founder of Magdalen College, Oxford; son of Richard Patyn, of Wainfleet; probably educated at Winchester College and New College, Oxford: master of St. Mary Magdalen Hospital, Winchester, 1426; fellow of Eton, 1440, and provost, 1443; a great favourite of Henry VI; added to the buildings at Eton; bishop of Winchester, 1447-86; founded in Oxford a hall dedicated to St. Mary Magdalen, 1448; a commissioner to negotiate with Jack Cade, 1450; approved of the ascendency of Richard, duke of York, 1454; lord chancellor, 1456-60; dissolved Magdalen Hall and founded St. Mary Magdalen College, Oxford, 1458; opposed the Yorkists, 1459; submitted to Edward IV, 1461; released Henry VI from the Tower of London, 1470; again submitted to Edward IV, 1471; entertained Edward IV and afterwards Richard III at Oxford, 1483; founded free school at Wainfleet, 1484.

[84] Thomas Wayte (. 1634–1668).

[85] John Weale (1791–1862), publisher ; began business in London, c. 1820; published educational text-books in classics, science, architecture, and engineering.

[86] Sir Clement Wearg (1686–1726), solicitorgeneral; called to bar, Inner Temple, 1711; whig M.P., Helston, 1724; solicitor- general and knighted, 1724; wrote on the law of divorce, 1723-6.

[87] George Hume Weatherhead (1790?–1853), medical writer; M.D. Edinburgh, 1816; L.R.O.P., 1820; published medical treatises and translations, 1819-42.

[88] Weathershed or WETHERSHED, RICHARD OP (d. 1231).

[89] John Weaver (d. 1685), politician ; M.P., Stamford, 1645-59; a recognised leader of the independents, 1647; refused to sit as one of Charles I's judges, 1649; a commissioner for government of Ireland, 1650-3; memj ber of council of state, 1659-60.

[90] John Weaver (1673–1760), dancing-master, and ! the original introducer of pantomimes into England; re! sided in Shrewsbury; brought out in London ballets j (called pantomimes), 1702, 1707, 1716-33, occasionally { taking part himself in their performance; published I treatises on dancing, 1706-28.

[91] Robert Weaver (1773–1852), congregational divine and antiquary; pastor at Mansfield,1802-52; published a dissertation on ancient stone monuments in I Britain, entitled Monumenta Antiqua ascribing the i remains of pre-Roman times to Phreniciau influence, 1840, and theological and controversial works.

[92] Thomas Weaver 16-1668), poetaster: M.A. Chn-t CJ.nr.-li, Oxfor.l, IC.ld; -li:i; Church. il H; ejectal as a royalist; publUhol.-!,.aml I'IV-MI- ui i.ivi- uii'l Drollery, -man at Liverpool, lf,;i. TI..--T. W..!.-iit w!,., Plautaganeti Tragicall Story a chronicle- poem on Ku-hunl 1 1 1. i probably a different person.

[93] Thomas Weaver (1778–1885), geologist; oated at Fribourg, 1790-4: government geologist in Co. Wicklow; mining geologist In Mexico and United State*; F.R.S., 1836; published paper* on geology of Gloucestershire, Somerset, and Ireland, and on carboniferous rocks.

[94] Webb Miis. (,. 1793), actress; nie Child; known snocenively as Mrs. Day and Mrs. Webb; first acted at Norwich; a popular aotreas In Edinburgh, 1772-8; a good actress of grotesque parts at Haymurket and Govent Garden Theatres, London, 1778-93.

[95] Benjamin Webb (1819–1885) ecclesiologist; educated at St. Paul's School, London, 1838-88; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1845; secretary of the Cambridge Camden Society, and, 1848-63, of the London Ecclesiological Society; incumbent of Sheen, Staffordshire, 1851-62, and of St. Andrews, Well Street, London, 1862-1885; prebendary of St. Paul's, London, 1881; editor of Church Quarterly Review 1881-5; translated foreign theological works; published Sketches of Continental Ecclesiology 1847, and ecclesiological papers.

[96] Danibl Webb (1719?-1798), author; entered New College, Oxford, 1735; publishedBeauties of Painting 1760,Beauties of Poetry, 1 1762, Literary Amusement* 1787, and similar works.

[97] Francis Webb (1735–1815), miscellaneous writer; educated in Daventry nonconformist seminary; pastor at Honiton; baptist minister in St. Paul's Alley, London, 1758-66: deputy-searcher at Gravesend, 1766-77, and at Poole, 1777; secretary to the envoy to Hesse Oassel, 1786, and to Paris, 1801; published pamphlets;in the whig interest, 1772 and 1775, verses, 1788-1811, and sermons.

[98] Francis Cornelius Webb (1826–1873), physician and medical writer; educated at University College, London, 1843; M.D. Edinburgh, 1850; F.R.O.P., 1873; lectured in London on medical jurisprudence and on natural history; published papers on epidemics and sanitation; edited Medical Times and Gazette

[99] George Webb (1581–1642), bishop of Limerick : M.A. Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1605: vicar of Steeple Aston; rector of SS. Peter and Paul, Bath, 1621: D.D. and chaplain to Prince Charles, 1624; bishop of Limerick, 1634; published theological and educational works.

[100] Webb or WEBBE, JOHN (1611–1672), architect; educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool; pupil of Inigo Jones; supervised the building of Greenwich Palace, 1661-6, and of Burlington House, London, 1664-6; designed several country houses; edited Inigo Jones's tract on Stonehenge, 1655, and published Vindication of Stoneheng Restored 16G5.

[101] Sir John Webb (1772–1852), director-general, ordnance medical department; assistant army surgeon, 1794; field inspector, 18U1; director-general, 1813; served In Netherlands, 1794, West Indies, 1795-8, Egypt, 1801-6: knighted. 1821; published account of outbreak of plague among forces in Egypt, 1801-3; C.B., 1860.

[102] John Webb (1776–1869), divine and antiquary : educated at St. Paul's School, London; M.A. Wadham College, Oxford, 1802; rector of Tretire; minor canon of Worcester, 1811, and of Gloucester; F.S.A., 1819; wrote words for oratorios. His works include accounts of Herefordshire in the civil war and of Gloucester Abbey.

[103] John Richmond Webb (1667?-1724), general ; cornet of dragoons, 1687; colonel of foot, 1695; tory M.P. for Ludgershall, 1690-1710, 1715, 1722; served in Flanders, 1702-3; brigadier-general at Blenheim, 1706; majorgeneral at Ramillies, 1706, and Oudeuarde, 1708; became centre of tory agitation against Marlborough because the credit of protecting convoy, September 1708, from ;:}.......I:.,.-.;,-,:,. I., Webb, but to his whiff subordinate, WQUam OadofM (1676-1716): lieutenant general and peueiooed. . -:- -. i.: V...... -.-,. 1 Isle of Wight and M.P. for Newport, 1710-16; lenenl, land fores. toGreat Britain. 1712-16; 171J dism commander of ssed from office oo fores* toGreat Britain. of George 1.

[104] Jonas (1796–1862). itec Babn:!,.:-::: it.1.1,.-. ib tM ;-i. n,Md.:, rthprm!..,. m tt m

[105] Matthew Webb (1848–1888), known as CapUin i,b; tlie Channel swimmer: apprentice in matoantUe marine, 1862, mate, 1866, and capuin, 1876; swam from Dover to Calais in twenty-two boors, August 1876; drowned In attempt to swim Niagara rapid*,

[106] Philip Barker Webb (1793–1864), of Harrow and Cl.ri.-t Chnn-h. Oxford; entered Lincoln's Inn. 1*12; B.A., 1815; studied geology under William liuckland; travelled In Italy, Greece, and the Troad, 1817-18, re-discovering the SoamandcraBd Mmok: Oaglad Ds4na U ton; IBM ta -; i,.-. I'Ttugal and Morocco, 1827, Canary Islands, 1828-80, Italy. IM- 10, tad -...:. ir,:.mi. Ml; saos* I i oda (French, Italian, and EnglishX diawrtetions oo topography of the Troad, 182O and 1844, and treatises oo natural history of Spain, Portugal, and Morocco, 1818 and 1853, and of Canary islands, 1836-50; his collections kept in the museum at Florence.

[107] Philip Carteret Webb (1700–1770), antiqnary and politician:a London attorney; of the Middle Temple and Lincoln's Inn: secretary of bankrupts in court of chancery, c. 1746-66; FJ8.A., 1747; F.RA, 1749; M.P., Haslemere, 1764-68; joint solicitor to treasury, 1766-66; leading official in prosecution of John Wilkes, 1763; pob lanl Ix. 107 llshed, among other works, pamphlets against the Pretender, 1745. and against Wilkes, 1763. and legal collected copies of public records, coin*, and marbles and bronzes.

[108] Thomas William Webb (1807–1885). nomer: son of John Webb (1776-1869); MJL Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1882; minor canon of Gloucester; incumbent of Hard wick, 1856-85; prebendary of Heroford; an excellent observer, studying particularly lunar phenomena; published popular treatises on astronomy and optics.

[109] Edward Webbe (. 1590), master-gnnner and adventurer: servant at Moscow to Anthony Jenkinson, 1566-9; enslaved by Crim Tartars at burning of Moscow, 1571; master-gunner at takin? of Tunis by Don John of Austria, 1672; gunner in the Turkish service; ransomed. 1588; master-gunner under Henri IV at Ivry, 1590; published his narrative, c. 1590.

[110] Joseph Webbe (. 1612–1688), grammarian and physician; M.D M perhaps of Padua: published astrological tract at Rome, 1612: translated Cicero's * Familiar Epistles r. 1620; published two tracts advocating colloquial teaching of languages, 1622-8; taught tchooi in the Old Bailey, London, 1623; published tract on Latin prosody, 1626.

[111] Samuel Webbe , the elder (1740–1816) composer: bred a cabinet-maker: member, 1771, and fccretanr, 1794-1812, of Catch Club; librarian of Glee Club, 1787; organist to chapeh. of Sardinian and Spanish sies; teacher of church music; composed nt glees, catches, part-songs, motets, antipnoos, and other music.

[112] Samuel Webbe , the younger (1770 M8U), teacher and composer: son of Samuel Weboe the elder ; organist In Liverpool, 1798; mnsto-teacber la London, 1817; organist to chapel of Spanish embassy; again organist in Liverpool; composed glees, madrigala, motets, and anthems, and other church music.

[113] William Webbe (. 1686–1591) author of 'A Discourse of English Poetrie 1686, containing valuable Information about contemporary poets; college friend at Cambridge of Edmund Spenser; B.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1573: tutor in gentlemen's families in Essex, 1583-91: one of the school which protested against rhyme and wished to naturalise classical in

[114] John Webber (1750?-1793), landscape-painter : of Swiss extraction: art student at Kerne, 1763-f., ami Paris, 176C-71: decorative painter in London; exhibited por trait at Royal Academy, 17 7ti: dhuiffhtanaa on Captain James Oook's thinl voyage, 1776-80; published coloured etchings of places visited on that voyage, 1787-92; exhibited English, Welsh, Swiss, and North Italian views at Royal Academy, 1784-93; R.A., 1791.

[115] Henry William Weber (1783–1818), editor of plav and romances: of German extraction; bora at St. Petersbnrg; amanuensis in Kdinburgh to Sir Walter Scott, 1804: became insane, 1813. His publications include reprints of old ballads and romances, 1808-10, slovenly editions of dramas of John Ford, 1811, and Beaumont and Fletcher, 1812, andIllustrations of Northern Antiquities from... Romances 1814.

[116] Otto Weber (1832–1888), painter of landscapes and animals: born in Berlin; exhibited in Paris, 1864-9; settled in London, 1872; member of the Institnte of Painters in Oil-colours; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1874-88.

[117] Alexander Webster (1707–1784), Scots writer; son of James Webster; minister of Culross, 1733-7, and of Tolbopth Church, Edinburgh, 17371784: a staunch Hanoverian; drew up actuarial scheme for church of Scotland, 1742-4 (published, 1748); moderator of general assembly, 1763; collected census statistics for Scotland, 1755; hon. D.D. Edinburgh, 1760; dean of Chapel Royal, London, 1771; published sermons.

[118] Mrs Webster . AUGUSTA (1837–1894), poet ; nte Julia Augusta) Davies; educated at Cambridge and Paris; married, 1863; published, under pseudonym of Cecil Home, poems, 1860 and 1864, and a novel, 1864; member of London school board, 1879-82. Her works include, poems, Dramatic Studies 1866, Portraits 1870 (including The Castaway a poem which won the admiration of Browning), A Book of Rhyme 1881, also dramatic pieces,The Auspicious Day 1872,Disguises 1879, 4 In a Day 1882, The Sentence 1887; and translations from Greek, Prometheus Bound 1866, and Medea 1868, besides essays.

[119] Nottingham Benjamin (1797–1882), actor and dramatist; played harlequin, and acted small parts at Warwick, c. 1818, and other midland towns and in Ireland; dancer and actor of minor parts in various London theatres, 1819-20, in Birmingham and north of England, 1821-3, and at Drury Lane, London, 1823-8; recognised as a leading comedian from 1829, acting in London at Haymarket, Drury Lane, Covent Garden, and Adelphi theatres, and creating many parts in contemporary comedy; long manager of Haymarket ami Adelphi theatres; compiled about a hundred comedies and farces, mainly adaptations from French, from 1837; retired from stage, 1874; last appeared, 1875.

[120] James Webster (1658?–1720), Scottish divine; educated at St. Andrews; imprisoned as a covenanter minister of Liberton, 1688, and of the collegiate church, Edinburgh, 1693-1720.

[121] John Webster (1580?–1625?), dramatist; son of a London tailor; freeman of Merchant TaylorsOompany, 1604; collaborated with Drayton, Anthony Munday, Middleton, and Thomas Dekker in producing Caesar's Fall and Two Harpes and with Chettle, Dekker, Heywood, and Wentworth Smith in producing Lady Jane and with Chettle, Dekker, and Heywood in producing Christmas comes but once a year for Philip Henslowe's company, 1602; collaborated with Dekker in two comedies Westward Hoeand Northward Hoe 1603-4 (published, 1607), and possibly with William Rowley inA Cure for a Cuckold (printed, 1681); completed for stage John Mansion's Malcontent 1604; with Dekker wrote venei for Stephen Harrison's Arches of Triumph 1604, describing James I's formal entry into London; with Heywood and Tourneur published elegies on Prince Henry, 1612; brought out a weak tragi-comedy, The Devil's Law Case before 1619; compiledMonuments of a pageant for the lord mayor's procession, 1624. His tragedies, founded on Italian novelle, and approaching in tragic power nearest of his contemporaries to Shakespeare, are The White Divel produced, c. 1608, Appius and Virginia c. 1609, Duchess of Malfi c. 1616. Lost plays are a tragedy on contemporary French history, entitled Guise and written in conjunction with John Ford, c. 1624), A late Murder of the Son upon tin Mother. The attribution to him of a share in The Thracian Wonder (printed 1661) and The Weakest goes to the Wall (comedy, printed, 1600) is erroneous. Collected editions of his plays were published, 1830, by Alexander Dyce, and, 1856, by William Hazlitt.

[122] John Webster (1610–1682), puritan writer; latinised as Johannes Hyphastes; probably studied at Cambridge; curate of Kildwick in Craven, 1634; master of Clitheroe grammar school, 1643: chaplain and surgeon in parliamentary army; intruded vicar of Mitton, Yorkshire, c. 1649; popular preacher and theological disputant in London, 1653; practised medicine at Clitheroe, 16571682; published two devotional works,The Saint's Guide 1653, andThe Judgment Set and the Kooks opened 1654; adversely criticised university education in Academiarum Examen 1654; ridiculed the credulity of Henry More (1614-1687) and others inThe Displaying of Supposed Witchcraft 1677; has been confused with John Webster the dramatist.

[123] Thomas Webster (1773–1844), geologist: educated at Aberdeen; travelled in England and France, making architectural sketches; architect in London: published valuable memoirs on upper secondary and tertiary strata of Isle of Wight and south-east of England; curator of Geological Society's Museum; professor of geology, University College, London, 1812-4.

[124] Thomas Webster (1810–1875), barrister; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1835; called to bar, Lincoln's Inn, 1841; F.R.S., 1847; a leading authority on patent law; published works on navigation of the Mersey, 1848-1857.

[125] Thomas Webster (1800–1886), painter and etcher; chorister, St. George's Chapel, Windsor; art student in London, 1821; exhibited, 1823-79, chiefly scenes from school and village life; R.A., 1846.

[126] William Webster (1689–1758), divine; M.A. Caius College, Cambridge, 1716; D.D., 1732; curate in London, 1716; rector of Depden, 1733; vicar of Ware and Thundridge, 1740; published, among other works, 'Remarks on the Divine Legation(of William Warburton, Pope's friend), 1739, andA Complete History of Arianism from 306 to 1666 1735; put into the Dunciad 1742.

[127] Georg Rudolph Weckherun (1584–1653), tinder-secretary of state; native of Stuttgart; studied law at TUbingen: entered the WUrtemberg diplomatic service; employed on diplomatic missions in Germany, France, and England; married an English lady, 1616; under-secretary of state in England, 1624-41; secretary for foreign tongues to the parliament, 1644-9: retired in ill-health; recalled to assist John Milton in Latin secretaryship, March to December 1652; wrote verses in English, French, German. His English verses include Triumphal Shows... at Stutgart 1616, and Panegyricke to Lord Hay 1619. His German verses imitate English and French models.

[128] James Weddell (1787–1834), navigator; merchant seaman; sent prisoner to Rainbow frigate for mutiny, 1808; rated as midshipman for good conduct; an efficient master on king's ships, 1810-16: commanded Leith sealing-ships in Antarctic Ocean, 1819-24; discovered islands in Antarctic; published, 1825, Voyage towards the South Pole... 1822-4

[129] John Weddell (1583–1642). sea-captain ; officer in East India Company's service, 1617-26, 1628-33; commanded squadron which helped shah of Persia to take Ormuz from Portuguese, 1622; joined Dutch in destroying Portuguese squadron in Persian Gulf, 1624; censured by the company for illicit private trading, 1626; commanded king's ship Rainbow, 1627-8; an adherent of Duke of Buckingham, 1628; unjustly held responsible by the company for loss of his ship by fire, 1633; commanded Sir William Courteu's rival trading fleet to India and China, 1636-40; died in India.

[130] Alkxanukk Wedderburn i : .M-1650?), Latin scholar; nlu-:itiil at Alx-nltvn; inpli-t-d for prea* his brotii.-r's (b'iM.1 WoMrrimrn ) commentary on i-nntol l;i;i.

[131] Wedderburn Sm A! . 1610–1676), of Blackness, FurUr-hir.-; u.wn-cli-rk t Pund.*, 1633 75; iK-ii-io.ii bj.i. a i. I i64; blfhtad, lU'J; M.l, !.. inlet, 1644-61.

[132] First baron Loughborough ! first KAIII. K KM.I.YN 1738–1806), lord chancellor: niu.MU-d at Dulki-itli c.-li--.:.UP), 17-jn. at iviiMl.iir.ri..-ottish advocate, 1754; left Scottish bar after insulting in open court Lord-president Cralgie, 1757: called to bar, Inner Temple, 1767; favouriu-of thoEarlof Bute: M.I, Ayr burghs, 1761-8, :.!, Yorkshire, 1768-9, Bishop's Ca*tle, 1769-74, and Okehamptou, 1774-8; bencher, Lincoln's Inn, 1773; deserted the tories and poke In favour of John Wilkea, 1760; violently attacked Lord North's administration, 1770: returned to the torie*, accepting the solicitorgeneralship, 1771: attorney-general, 177; chief- justice of common pleas, 1780-93: created Baron Loughborough, 178U: lord chuuodlor, 1793-1801; created Earl of Kosslyn, 1801.

[133] David Wedderburn (1680–1646), Latin poet; ster of Aberdeen grammar school, 1002-40; professor Old was the published, among other Etymology 1857. andC in Murischal College, Aberdeen, 1614-34; official Latin poet of Aberdeen city, 162O-46; compiled a Latin gran. 1680. Hia verses include elegies on Prince Henry, 1612, King James, 1625, and Arthur Johnston, 1041.

[134] James Wedderburn (1495?-1563), Scottish poet; educated at St. Andrews, 1614; embraced protestantism: merchant at Dieppe and Rouen; satirised i the Koumm.t* in Beheading of John Baptist a tragedy,, and Dionysius the Tyrant a comedy, acted at Dundee, i 1589-40; wrote religious and anti-Komanist ballads to go to popular tunes, issued as broadxljeete, c. 1540, afterwards 1567) included in Aue Compendious llooke of Godly and .Spirituall Songs; fled to France to escape prosecution for heresy, c. 1640; died in France.

[135] James Wedderburn (1686–1639), bishop of , Dunblane; educated at St. Andrews; tutor in Isaac Casaubon's family; beneflced In England, 1615-36; helped Lund to compile the Scottish liturgy; divinity professor, St. Andrews, 1617; D.D. St. Andrews before 1623; canon of Ely, 1626; prebendary of Wells, 1631; dean of Chapel Royal, Stirling, 1635; bishop of Dunblane, 1636: deposed by general assembly, 1638.

[136] John Wedderburn (1600?-1556), Scottish poet ; M.A. St. Andrews, 1528: chaplain of St. Matthew's chapel, Dundee, 1532; embraced protestantism, and, like his brother, James Wedderburn (14957-1553), wrote auti-Komauist ballads; withdrew to Witteinberg, 1540; returned to Dundee and printed his ballads, 1542: fled to England, 1646.

[137] Wedderburn Sm JOHN (1699–1679), physician ; graduated at St. Andrews, 1618; professor of philosophy, St. Andrews, 1620-30: king's physician in Scotland; knighted; In attendance on the prince (Charles II) in Holland; incorporated M.D. Oxford, 1646; bequeathed his library to St. Andrews University.

[138] Wedderburn Sm JOHN, baronet (1704–1746), Jacobite; succeeded a* fifth baronet of Blackness, 1741; taken prisoner at Culloden, 1746; executed.

[139] Wedderburn Sm PETEH (1616?-1679), Scottish judge: stylel Lord Gosford; M.A. St. Andrews, 1636; admitted advocate, 1642; a royalist: knighted, 1660; keeper of signet, 1660; clerk to privy council, 1661-8: lord of session, 1668-79; published Decisions of Court of Session... 1668 till... 1677

[140] Robert Wedderburn (1510?-1557?), Scottish poet; M.A. St. Leonard's Collide, St. Andrew*. 1530; chaplain of St. Katherine's Chapel, Dundee: vicar of Dundee: wrote anti-Komanist ballads like his brother, James Wcdderburn (14957-1653): pahttahsd in * Ane Compendious Booke of Gaily und Spirituall Songs 1567: withdrew to Paris under suspicion of protestantism, c. 1534; returned to Scotland, 1546.

[141] William Wedderburn (1583?-1660), Scottish divine; master of Aberdeen grammar school, 1617; a .. - r,:.... MV Maldrum, 16H, and of Inneroocbtie, 1*L

[142] John Wedge 1IKLDKH(17M-187J). colonial rtatmman; government surveyor in Tasmania, 18*7: explored Urge part of Taamania; land speculator at Port (Victoria). 1815: returned to Tasmania, 1841; member of Tasmanian legislature, 1855-71.

[143] Wedgwood H ESS LEIGH (1801–1891 Xpbtloo*i*t: ednoated at Kugfoy, and BU John's and Chrtof* eoU*n*, Cambridge; M.A., 18)8; police magi-tniU. Lambeth. 1811-7; registrar of metropolitan carriage*. 1817-49; ..: H i...-.!. FMlM I MM l I: elaborate.! Imitation of natural ,..........;..-..,.,. Etymologies im.

[144] Wedgwood Josi AH (1710–1795), potter; working potter at Bnnlem, HtaffonLihire, 1719, flnt a*thrower* on the wheel, then a*modeller: of an Inventive di* positton and fowl of trying experiment*; partner la hmall pot-works near Stoke, 1761, and at Fenton; opened works of hi* own at Bnnlem, 1769, mpplying the mattM and mixing the clay* for hi* workmen with help of hi* cousin, Thomas Wedgwood: greatly improved ordinary ware*, Egyptian ware or black baaaltos, and variegated or marbled ware, and, c. 1769. perfected cream, afterward* culled queen's ware: successfully advocated road-improvement and canal-extension in potteries district; appointed queen's potter, 1762; took into partnership hi* cousin, Thomas Wedgwood, 1766, and Thomas Bentley. 1768; opened new pot-works at Etruria (a village he had built for his workmen), 1769; made use of sulphateof baryta to produce hla finejasperware, 1771-W; P.RA, 1781; F.S.A., 1786; published pamphlets. t patron of Samuel Taylor Coleridge of Sir John Leslie; invented process of copies of object* by action of light on paper

[145] Thomas Wedgwood (1771–1805), the flrst photographer: a younger sou of Jmlah Wedrwood: OOBtpaQad through ill-health to abandon profession of jH.tt.r;.uhli.hed researches on heat and light, 1791-8; munificent 179H, and obtaining copies of object* by action of light on paper *. -uMti-ed by nitrate of soda, 1802. lx. 146J

[146] Henry Weedall (1788–1859), president of 8t Mary's College, Oscott: educated at Osoott: ehualcal tutor, professor of theology, 1818, and president. 1*28: D.D. by Leo XII, 1829; mission-priest at Leamington: provost of Birmingham; again president of Oscott College, 1863-9; published tenuous,

[147] Henry Weekes (1807–1877), sculptor : pupil of William Behnes: assistant to Sir Francis Legatt Chautrey: exhibited at Hoyal Academy, 1818; ., 1863; eminent as portrait-sculptor; e rist Church, Hampshire. Shelley monument at Christ

[148] Thomas (Jl. 160SX mmlclan ; organist __ of Winchester College; MnlBac. Oxford, 1608; organist of Chichester Cathedral: publishedMadrigala 1*W. 1598, 1600, and Ayen? 1608; contributed *As Vest* was from Latmos Hill descendingto the Triumph* of Oriana; left in manuscript anthems and lu*trnmeUl

[149] Weem 8E, JOHN (1579?-1616).

[150] John Weever (1576–1633). poet and antiquary: sirar of QueensCollege, Cambridge, 1594-8; published EpiKramme* 1599, containing interesting appreciation* of Shakespeare, Spenser, BenJoMon, and otW contemporaries:?ubli8bed The Mirror of Martyr* IWUapoem on Sir John Oklcastle, posribly suggested by Shakwpeare'n Henry IV); published a thumb-book of devotional vent entitledAn Agnus Dei 1606; travelled in Franc, and i tid v iiuulc antiauarian tours in England, and rowa Italy; made antiquarian tours in England, i in the Cottonian Library; publishS Ancient FumtU Monument* 1611, faulty, but ralnable through quent destmction of originals. Ix. 149)

[151] Thomas Matthias Weguelin (*. 18). o. dler; ensign, Bengal army, 1781; breret captain, 1796; served against Tipu Saib, 1790-J: "tattooed 1799; served at sieges of Owalior, 1801, and cotoneJ, 1833.

[152] Edward Henry Wehnert (1813–1868), watercolour painter: educated at Gottingen; art student in r: iri: n-turn.-d to Knidnnd, 1837: painted historical pictures, Including The Prisoner of Gisors; illustrated bMtak t lx - 151 3

[153] Thomas Weir (1600?–1670), reputed sorcerer; erred in Ireland, 1041: major in army; a strict covenanter; chief officer major) of Edinburgh town guard, 1660: superintended execution of Montrose; became insane: reputed to possess magic staff, which effected his incantations; burned, aloug with his sister, for sorcery.

[154] William Weir (1802–1858), journalist; educated at Ayr Academy and Gottingen; called to the Scottish Iiir,l S-7: edited l Glasgow Argus: journalist in London; joined Daily News staff, 1846; editor of Daily News 1864-8.

[155] Willoughby Hunter Weiss (1820-18G7), vocalist and composer: first sang in public, Liverpool, 1842; first appeared in opera, Dublin, 1842; a good concert singer and excellent in oratorio; composed setting for Longfellow's The Village Blacksmith 1864, and other gongs and ballads.

[156] Weist -HILL, THOMAS HENRY (1828–1891), musician: professor of violin, Royal Academy of Music; eminent concert violinist: musical director, Alexandra Palace, 1873; principal, Guildhall School of Music, 18801891; composed music for violin and violoncello.

[157] Henry Welby (d. 1636), eccentric ; entered St. John's College, Cambridge, 1558, and Inner Temple, 1562; became recluse hi Grub Street, London, in mortification at the dissolute and violent character of his brother John, 1692, spending all his means in charity. His biography, published 1637, styles him The Phoenix of these late Times.

[158] John Welch or Welsh (1570?–1622), presbyterian divine; M.A. Edinburgh, 1588; minister at Selkirk, 1690, Kirkcudbright, 1594, and Ayr, 1600; denounced King James VI in violent sermon at Edinburgh, 1596; imprisoned for attending prohibited general assembly at Aberdeen, 1605; banished, 1606; protestant pastor at Nerac and St. Jean d'Angely; expelled from France by Louis XIII, 1621; returned to London, 1621; King James told by his (Welch's) wife that she had rather kep her husband's head in her lap than have him submit to the bishops, 1622.

[159] Joseph Welch (d. 1805), compiler of ' Alumni Westmonasterienses (printed, 1788); bookseller's assistant at Westminster.

[160] Edward Welchman (1665–1739), theologian ; chorister, Magdalen College, Oxford, 1679-82; fellow, Merton College, Oxford, 1684; M.A., 1688; rector of Lapworth, 1690, and of Solihull, 1736-9; prebendary of St. David's, 1727, and Lichfield, 1732; published annotated edition of Thirty-nine Articles, 1713, and doctrinal treatises and texts.

[161] Charles Richard Weld (1813–1869), author ofHistory of the Royal Society 1848; educated in Prance and at Trinity College, Dublin; secretary to Statistical Society, London, 1839; called to the bar, Middle Temple, 1844: assistant-secretary and librarian to Royal Society, 1845-61; published notes of travel, 1860-69; partner in London publishing firm, 1862; British commissioner at Paris exhibition, 18-37.

[162] Sir Frederick Aloysius Weld (1823–1891), colonial governor; educated at Stonyhurst College and in Freiburg; emigrated to New Zealand, 1844; explored uninhabited districts, 1851 and 1865: member of legislature, 1863; minister for native affairs, 1860-1; premier, 1864-5, during Maori war; governor of West Australia, 1869, of Tasmania, 1876, of Straits Settlements, 1880-7; made (1883) the arrangements which led to Negri Sembilan becoming a protected state, and established a British agency in Pahang; returned to England, 1887; G.O.M.G., 1886; published pamphlets on New Zealand affairs, 18511869. Port Weld, Perak, is named after him.

[163] Isaac Weld (1774–1866), topographical writer; travelled in United States and Canada, 1796-7, publishing his Travel* 1799; published Illustrations of the Scenery of Killnrney 1807; Failed in small steam-boat from Dnnleary to London, 1815: compiledStatistical Survey of... Roscommon 1838.

[164] Joseph Weld (1777-18C3), of Lullworth Castle, Dorset; entertained the exiled Charles X of France, 1830.

[165] Welde Weld , or WELLS, THOMAS (1590?1662), puritan divine; graduated at Cambridge, 1613; vicar of Terliug, Essex, 1624; ejected for nonconformity, 1631; pastor of First Roxbury, Massachusetts, 1632; joint-author ofThe Bay Psalm Book(so styled), a metrical version of the Psalms, 1640, which was the first volume printed in the American colonies: agent for Massachusetts in London, 1641-6: wrote against antinornums,. 1644; intruded rector of St. Mary's, Guteshead, 1649; wrote against quakers, 1653-4.

[166] Thomas Weld (1773–1837), cardinal; approved his father's gift of Stouyhurst to the Jesuits, c. 1789 transferred Lullworth Castle estate to his brother, Joseph Weld, c. 1818; ordained priest, 1821; titular bishopof Amycla, 1826; cardinal, 1830; died at Rome.

[167] Sir Anthony Weldon (d. 1649?), historical writer: of Swanscombe, Kent; clerk of the kitchen to James 1, 1604; clerk of the Green Cloth, 1609-17; knighted, 1617; accompanied James I to Scotland, 1617; dismissed from his court place for satirising the Scots, 1617; took the parliament side; joined in suppressing cavalier risings in Kent, 1643 and 1648; his Court and Character of James I published 1650, and augmented, 1651, by Court of King Charles provoked much adverse criticism; wrote a Description of Scotland published, 1G59.

[168] Anthony Weldon (Jl. 1648), colonel ; son of Sir Anthony Weldou (d. 1649?); captain at Duncannon; major of horse in Lincolnshire; petitioned parliament against his superiors, 1G43 and 1644; entered Spanish service in Flanders, 1645; canvassed in London for recruits for the Venetian service, 1648; arrested, 1650; allowed to go abroad, 1654; published an autobiographical Declaration 1649.

[169] John Weldon (1676–1736), musician ; trained at Eton; organist of New College, Oxford, 1694-1702; gentleman of Chapel Royal, London, 1701, organist, 1708, and composer, 1715; organist of St. Bride's, Fleet Street, London, and, 1726, of St. Martiu's-in-the-Fields, London; composed sacred and secular music.

[170] Michael Weldon (fl. 1644), colonel; agent for Long parliament hi Scotland, 1643; colonel of horse it Scots army, 1644; high sheriff of Northumberland, 1644-1645.

[171] Ralph Weldon (fl. 1645), colonel; son of Sir Anthony Weldon (d. 1649); commanded regiment of foot in Sir William Waller's army, 1644; commanded a brigade at the relief of Tauntou and the siege of Bristol, 1645; parliamentarian governor of Plymouth, 1645.

[172] Ralph Weldon (1674-1713), Benedictine monk; abjured protestantism, 1687: entered St. Edmund's convent, Paris, 1692: compiled A Chronicle of the English Benedictine Monks (1554-1701), published, 1882; died in Paris.

[173] Walter Weldon (1832–1885), chemist; journalist in London, 1854; edited Weldon's Register of Facts, a literary journal, 1860-4; sought means for recovering the manganese peroxide used up in manufacturing chlorine, c. 1866; patented magnesia-manganese process, 1867, lime manganese process (still employed), c. 1868, and magnesia-chlorine process, c. 1870; F.R.S., 1882; conducted researches into atomic volume and weights.

[174] Charles Wellbeloved (1769–1858), Unitarian divine and archreolou'ist: student at Homerton academy, 1785-7, and at New College, Hackney: assistant-minister, 1792, and minister, 1801-58, of St. Saviourgate Chapel, York; divinity professor in Manchester College, York, 1803-40; published, among other works, annotations on books of Old Testament, printed 1819-62, papers on antiquities of York city, 1804-52, devotional and controversial tracts, and memoirs of nonconformists.

[175] Adam de Welles or Welle (d.1311), held estates in Lincolnshire; accompanied Hugh Despenser to iiu.-K.-ony. 1204: knighted, c. 12W; fought against the Scots, 1398, 1300, 1303-4, 1309-10; constable or lUx-kingham I'tk-, 1*290; summoned to parliament, 1299-1311.

[176] John de Welles .1 NT WttL(d. 1490), ' l.i..iu-1, sixth burou Welles; a Lancastrian; tied t. fought at Boswortb; created Viscount Welles, 1487.

[177] Lionel de Welles, Leo, or Lyon, sixth Baron (1405?-1461), soldier ; a Lancastrian; succeeded his grandfather in estates, 1421; knighted, 1428; aocompanied Henry VI to France, 1430; summoned to parliament, 1432-60; aerred at Calais, 1436, 1451-8; lord lieutenant of Ireland, 1438-40; fought at St. Albans, 1461; slain at Towton and attainted.

[178] Richard de Welles, seventh Baron Welles (1431-1470), son of Lionel, sixth Baron Welles; summoned to parliament, U&5-C6, as Baron Willoughby de Eresby in right of his wife; fought on the Lancastrian side at St Albans, 1461; submitted to Edward IV, 1461; attainder reversed, 1468; beheaded because of rebellion of his son Robert; attainted, 1475.

[179] Thomas Welles (1598–1660), governor of Connecticut; resided at Rothwell, Northamptonshire, 1634; to avoid persecution for puritan leaning*, went as secretary with William Flennes, first viscount Saye and Sele , to New England, 1635; co-founder of Hartford, Connecticut, 1637; treasurer of Connecticut, 1639-51, secretary, 1640-8, deputy-governor or governor, 1654-9.

[180] Arthur Wellesley , first DUKE OF WKI.I.INC- (1769–1852), field-marshal ; fourth sou of Garrett Wellesley, first earl of Moniiugtou; spelt hia name * Wesley till 1798; educated at Eton, Brussels, 1784, and Angers Military Academy, 1786; lieutenant of foot, 1787; captain of dragoons, 1792; aide-de-camp in Ireland to lord-lieutenant, 1787-93; M.P., Trim, 1790-5; lieutenantcolonel, 33rd foot, 17a3-lb06, and colonel, 1806-13; commanded 33rd foot in Netherlands campaign, 1794-5, being in action at lioxtel, 1794, and Ueldermalsen, 1795; led (by evident inefficiency of British officers) to regular study, 1795; commanded 33rd foot in India, 1797-1804; given, by his brother, the Earl of Mornington, the new viceroy, command of the troops at Vellore, 1798-9, and command of a division in invasion of Mysore, 1799; governor of Seriugapatam and military and civil administrator in Mysore, 1799-1802; in two campaigns crushed the great freebooter, Dhoondiah Waugh, 1799-1800; moved troops from Trincomalee to Bombay in anticipation of the expedition to Egypt, 1801; prevented by illness from sailing as second in command to Egypt: major-general, 1802; commanded a division to reinstate the pesh wab, 1803; chief military and civil administrator in the Duccan, 1803-5; advanced from south against Holkar and Sciudiah, taking Abmednuggur, defeating the Mahrattas at Asaye, S3 Sept 1803, and Argaum, 29 Nov., and storming Gawilghur; concluded peace with rajah of Berar, and with Srimliah, 1803; crushed freebooting band at Periuda, February 1804; revisited Seringaputam; K.B., 1804; resigned his appointments, 1805; commanded brigade at Hastings, 1806; M.P., Rye, 1806, Mitchell, 1807, Newport, 18071809; chief secretary for Ireland, 1807-9, during period of unrest; sent on the Copenhagen expedition and defeated Danes at Kibge, 1807; lieutenant-general, 1808: given command of force sent to Peninsula; defeated Delaborde at Rolia, and Junot at Vimeiro; superseded by Sir Harry Burrard; signed armistice negotiated by Sir Hew Whitefooni Dalrymple, preliminary to convention of Cintra. 1808; returned to England and vm acquitted by court-martial; reassumed command in Portugal, 1809; forced passage of the Duero and drove Soult out of Oporto; induced by Spanish promises of co-operation to advance into Spain: defeated Victor at Talavera; planned lines of Torres Vedras as a last retreat, 1809; created Viscount Wellington, 1809: steadfastly combated the gloomy views of the war held by the ministry and his own officers: detached division in command of Thomas Graham (1748-1843) to defend Cadiz; fell back from Almeida before Massena's greatly superior force, clearing the country as he retired, 1810; repulsed Massena at Busaco, and arrested his advance at Torres Vedras; much troubled by disaffection officers and failure of the ministry to send oat TO, bat was forced to rale* ttoj* by oon .:.-:-..:,::-....-..;....-.....,. but was forced to raise sic** by Marmont and DOCMBM, u..::..-.!,. Ififj,-.,-..-, i i..,.,,..:, lentti sacrifice of life; defeated Marmont at the Arapiles UUU. i,.: -. -...:.-.-..., v...:,:..._:-..;-,,i Olausel back to Burgot; repulsed with loss Inaasaalton Burgos; had to retreat prwJMtately before Soult and 8ou !.i:,..:..,::..............-....:.-. V:..: Wellington, 181); visited Cadis and Lisbon, to obtain : -..:. J d I kNHH. 181); concentrated at Toro on the j Joseph at Vltoria, and drove the French across Pyrenees; fldd-marohal, 181); suffered severe loss In assaulton 8t Sebastian; prevented Bonlt from relieving Pamplona and Si. Sebastian by nine dan* fighting, known as the battles of the Pyrenees: canted St. Sebastian, but with grievous sacrifice of life: obtained dismissal of O'Donoju, the anti-British war minister of Spain; forced passage of the Mlvelle and of the Nlve, aad repulsed Soulfs sallies from Bayonne, 181); K.O., 1811; forced passage of the Adour and invested Bayonne, 1814; defeated Soult at Ortbes, and at Toulouse, but with heavy low, 10 April 1814; summoned to Paris to confer with guese frontier, May 18U hallo;.,:..,: Si allied kings; sent to Madrid in vain effort to King Ferdinand and the Spanish leaden: returned to England, and created Duke of Wellington, 1814: smtna sador at Paris, August, 1814, and to congress at Vienna, February 1815; assumed command of forces at Brussels, April 1815; concerted plan of campaign with Blnoher; expected Napoleon to attack his right wine; surprised by furious attack of Ney on his left wing at Quoin Bras, afternoon of 16 June: fell back to Waterloo, 17 June, in consequence of BlUcber's defeat at Ugny: gave battle, 18 June 1815, trusting to Bluchcr's promise to join him; repulsed the fierce French attacks till BlUcber came op and completed the rout of the French army; advanced with BlUcher on Paris; persuaded BlUcher not to make reprisals on the French capital, and the allied sotereigm to resist Prussian claim for cession of French territory; G.C.B., 1815; had headquarters at Cambray, 1816; given Apsley House and Strathtieldsaye by the nation, 1817: attended conference of Aix la-Chapeue, 1818; mastergeneral of the ordnance, with seat in the cabinet, 18181827; governor of Plymouth, 1819-28; held strong opinions La favour of aristocracy and against catholic emancipation: attended the Vienna- Verona tuugi esses. 1820-2, vainly opposing armed Intervention In favour of Spanish absolutism; lonl-lit-u tenant of Hampshire, 18)01852; lord high constable at the coronations, 18)1, 1811, 1838; disapproved of recognition of independence Of Spam's American colonies. 1824; envoy to the BinpMOr Nicholas to discuss the Greek difficulty, 1826; disapproved of the proposal to compel Turkey to grant self-government to Greece, 1826; approved of defence of Portugal from filibustering excursions by Dom Miguel's supporten*, but refused to allow attacks on Dom Miguel, when he had gained the throne, 18)6; constable of Tower of London, 1826-52; commauder-inchief, 1827-8, and again, 1842-52; refused office under Canning, 1827; reluctantly accepted premiership, 18)8; carried, by Peel's help, catholic emancipation, against his own opinions, and, in spite of dissensions in the cabinet and factious Interference of George IVs brothers, 18)0; distressed at the ascendency obtained by Russia over Turkey, 1820-30: recognised Louis-Philippe as king of France, 1830; resigned office rather than accept parliamentary reform, 1830; lord warden of Cinque ports, 18)9-52; temporarily unpopular because of his steady opposition to the Reform Bill, 1831-2; chancellor of Oxford University, 1834-5); premier and home secretary. 1834; foreign secretary In Peel's first mint-try, 1814: leader of conservative opposition in House of Lords, 1835-41; capital of New Zealand named after him, 1840; cabinet minister, without office, in Peel's second ministry, 1841-6; urged greater attention to military and naval mimiiuMration, 1843-7; called in to advise cabinet in Chartist troubles, 1848; frequent visitor at International Exhibition, 1851; accorded national monument in St. Paul's, London, executed by Alfred Stevens: Wellmgtou CoUetr, for educatkm of offl sons, foiried as a memorial and opened, 1859; his Despatches (1799-1838) published, 1804-SO, and his speeches in parliament, 18M.

[181] Garrett Wellesley or Wesley, first Viscount Wellesley of Dangan and first Earl of Mornington ;:-1781), son of Richard Colley Wellesley, first baron Mornington; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1757: Mus.Doc., 1764; M.P., Trim, 1757; succeeded as second baron, 1758; created Earl of Mornington, 1760; composed glees.

[182] Gerald Valerian Wellesley (1809–1882), dean of Windsor; third son of Henry Wellesley, first baron Cowley; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1830; rector of Strathfleldsaye, 1836-54; domestic chaplain to Queen Victoria, 1849; dean of Windsor, 1854-82.

[183] Henry Wellesley, first Baron Cowley (1773-1847) diplomatist; youngest son of Garrett Wellesley, first earl of Mornington; served in army; secretary to legation, Stockholm, 1792; M.P., Trim, 1795; private secretary to his brother, the Earl of Mornington, in India, 1798-9; returned to England to explain the Mysore war and settlement, 1799-1800; lieutenant-governor of territory ceded by Oudh, 1801-2; M.P., Eye, 1807-9; secretary to treasury, 1808-9; ambassador to Spain, 1809-22, to Vienna, 1823-31, to Paris, 1841-6; knighted, 1812; created Baron Cowley, 1828.

[184] Henry Wellesley (1791–1866), scholar and antiquary; illegitimate son of Richard Colley Wellesley, marquis Wellesley; student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1811-28; M.A., 1818; D.D., 1847; beneficed in Sussex, 1838-66; vice-principal of New Inn Hall, Oxford, 1842, and principal, 1847-66; a patron of Italian studies; -edited Anthologia Polyglotta 1849.

[185] Henry Richard Charles Wellesley, first Earl Cowley (1804–1884), eldest son of Henry Wellesley, first baron Cowley; attache at Vienna, 1824; succeeded as second baron, 1847; ambassador to Switzerland, 1848, to Germanic confederation at Frankfurt, 1851, and at Paris, 1852-67; employed in negotiations which led to and closed Crimean war, and hi procuring the declaration of Paris, 1 1856, which abolished privateering; negotiated at Paris peace with Persia, 1857; created Earl Cowley, 1857; strove to allay jealousies caused by the Orsini outrage, 1858, by the French naval armaments-, 1859, and by annexation of Savoy and Nice, 1860; negotiated treaty of commerce with France, 1860.

[186] Richard Colley Wellesley or Wesley, first Baron Mornington (1690?-1768), named Richard Colley; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1714: took name Wesley or Wellesley on succeeding to cousin's estate, 1728; M.P., Trim, 1729-46; created Baron Mornington in Irish peerage, 1747; founded charity school at Trim, 1748.

[187] Richard Colley Wellesley, Marquis Wellesley 1760–1842), governor-general of India; eldest son of Garrett Wellesley, first earl of Mornington; educated at Eton; student of Christ Church, Oxford; excellent classical scholar; succeeded to Irish earldom, 1781; M.P., Beeralston, 1787, Windsor, 1790, Old Sarum, 1796; sympathised with free trade movement, but opposed parliamentary reform; member of India board, 1793; appointed governor-general of India and created Baron Wellesley in British peerage, 1797; found, 1798, British rule in India menaced by French in alliance with Tippii Sahib of Mysore and the nizam of Hyderabad; prevailed on nizam to dismiss French officers, and secured neutrality of Mahrattas; declared war on Mysore, 1799; replaced Mohammedan dynasty in Mysore by former Hindu dynasty hi dependence on British, and annexed part of Mysore for the company; obtained territory from nizam to pay charges of troops for defence- of Hyderabad, disbanding nizam's forces, 1799; created Marquis Wellesley in Irih peerage, 17U9; made the rujas of Tanjore and Surat dependent princes, 1799-1800; planned college at Fort William to educate newly arrived civilians, 1800, but plan* rejected by London board of directors; annexed Carnatic by treaty with nawub, 1801; persuaded nawab of Oudh to cede territory to pay charges of British force for defence of Oudh; sent (Sir) John Malcolm to urge shah Persia to attack amir of Afghanistan and avert threatened invasion of India; wisely disregarded orders Gl to restore French fortresses after peace of Amiens, 1802 commander-iu-chief in Kiist Indies: twice asked to be recalled, in disi:ii-t at London directorsinterference with his patronage, 1802-3: persuaded peshwah to cede territory to pay British force for defence of Poona, 1802: forced to make war on the Mahrattu princes, Sindia and rajii of Berar, 1803, and Holkar, 1804; tried to promote observance of Sunday in India and to repress sedition in native press; recalled, 1805, in panic caused by defeat of William Monson, colonel: much of lii- Indian policy immediately reversed, but finally, after much loss and at great cost, resumexl; his Oudh policy attacked. in House of Commons, 1806, but approved, 1808; ambassador to Spain to concert measures for Peninsular war, 1809; foreign secretary in Perceval's cabinet, 1809-12; asked by prince regent to form coalition ministry, 1812,. but baffled; favoured free-trade movement and catholic emancipation; willing to accept Napoleon aa constitutional sovereign of France, 1814, and again, 1815; as lordlieutenant of Ireland, 1821-8, and 1833-4, put down whiteboy insurrection, suppressed secret societies, reorganised lice, removed partisan magistrates, and alleviated the 822 famine; passively approved of Reform Bill, 1832; lord-steward of the household, 1832-3; lord chamberlain,. 1835: withdrew from public life, 1835; his India Despatches printed, 1836-7.

[188] William Pole Tylney Long Wellesley -, fourth EARL OF MOUNIXGTON and second BARON MARYBOROUGH (1788-1857), sou of William Wellesley-Pole, third earl of Morningtou; assumed name Tylney-Loug on marriage with heiress of Draycot, 1812; M.P.,Wiltshire, 1 1818-20, St. Ives, 1830-1, Essex, 1831-2; succeeded to 1 titles, 1845; wasted his property.

[189] Wellesley -POLE, WILLIAM, third EARL OF Mornington in Irish peerage, and first Baron Maryborough of United Kingdom (1763–1845), second son of ; Garrett Wellesley, first earl of Mornington; edu; cated at Eton; naval officer; took additional name Pole on succeeding to a cousin's estates, 1778; Irish M.P., Trim; M.P., East Looe, 1790-4, Queen's County, 1801-21; ! clerk of the ordnance, 1802; secretary to the admiralty, I 1807; chief secretary for Ireland, 1809-12, opposing catholic emancipation; master of the mint, with seat in cabinet 1 in Liverpool ministry, 1814-23; created Baron Maryborough, 1821; postmaster-general, 1834-5; succeeded toIrish earldom, 1842.

[190] Charles Jeremiah Wells (1799?-1879), poet ; j friend of William Hazlitt, Leigh Hunt, and, for a time, of ; John Keats; lost the friendship of Keats by a practical i joke he played upon the poet's brother, Tom; solicitor in, I London, 1820-30; publishedStories after Nature 1822, ! and a drama,Joseph and his Brethren 1824 (under j pseudonym ofH. L. Howard, reissued, 1876; with1 drew to country, 1830; taught English at Quimper, I Brittany, 1840; published his tale, Claribel 1845; burnt j his manuscripts, 1874, in chagrin at want of recognition; died at Marseilles.

[191] Edward Wells (1667–1727), mathematician, geographer, and divine; educated at Westminster School, 1680; student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1686; M.A., 1693; D.D., 1704; rector of Cotesbach, 1702-27, and Bletchley, 1716-27; published, among other works, treatises on geography, 1701, and on geography of New Testament, 1708, l and of Old Testament, 1711-12, also some classical textsI und translations, scriptural commentaries, and treatises ! in defence of church ceremonies, 1706, and various 1 polemical writings against validity of presbyterian orders. 17o7; published 4 Klementa Arithmetic* 1698, andYoung I Gentleman's Course of Mathematicks 1712-14.

[192] Henry Lake Wells (1850–1898), lieutenantcolonel, royal engineers; lieutenant, 1871; lieutenaut; colonel, 1896; served with distinction in Afghan campaign, 1878-9; surveyed telegraph routes in Kashmir, ! 1879-80, and Persia, 1880; director of the Persian telegraph, 1891; died at Karachi.

[193] Hugh of Wells (d. 1235).

[194] Jocelyn de Wells (d. 1242). See Jocelin

[195] John Wells (d. 1388), opponent of Wycliffe; Benedictine monk of Ramsey; D.D., Oxford, c. 1377; head of Glouceeter College, the Oxford Benedictine seminary, for thirteen years; active in condemning Wycliffe's doctrines at Oxford, and in the Earthquake council at London, 1382; envoy from English Benedictines to Urban VI, 1387; died at Perugia.

[196] John Wells (1623–1676), puritan divine; educated at Merchant Taylors School; fellow of St John's College, Oxford, 1643; created M.A., 1648; vicar of St. Olave Jewry, London; ejected, 1662; published devotional tracts.

[197] Mrs Mary Wells, afterwards Mrs. Sumbel (fl.–1781-1811), actress; nee Davies; married Wells, an actor; nicknamed Becky Wells, 1 and Cowslip from her part in O'Keeffe's Agreeable Surprise 1: flntt appeara! i 1-irmiinrhiim: a favourite at Haymarket and Drury Lane, London, 1781-6, and at Corent Garden. London, 1785-7: married Joeph SumbeU Jew, secretary to Morocco ambassador; published her Memoirs 1811.

[198] Robert Wells (d. 1657).

[199] Samuel Wells (d. 1678), nonconformist divine ; K.A. Magdalen Hall, Oxford. 1636; minister at Battersea, 1639; cliaplain in parliamentary army, 1644; intruded rector of Uetuenham, Berkshire, 1646-8; ricar of Banbury, 1648; ejected for nonconformity, 1662.

[200] Simon Db Wells (*. 1207).

[201] Wells Sm THOMAS SPENCER, first baronet(1818–1897), surgeon: studied surgery at Leeds, at Trinity College, Dublin, 1836, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, 18391841, and Paris, 1848; naval surgeon at Malta, 18411847; F.ILC..S. 1844. and president, 1883; surgeon of Samaritan Free Hospital for Women, London, 1854, and 1856-78; surgeon to Queen Victoria household, 1WJ31896; hon. M.D. Leyden; created baronet, 1883: perfected ovariotomy, performing one thousand ovarian operations, 1858-80; published medical tracts. 1851-60, and papers on ovarian diseases, 1855-K5.

[202] William Wells (1818–1889), agriculturist ; inherited Holme estate, Huntingdonshire, 1826; educated, at Harrow and Balliol College, Oxford; M.A., 1842; drained and reclaimed Whittleeea Mere, near Peter- ! borough, 1851-6; M.P., Beverley, 1852-7. Peterborough, 1868-74; active member of Royal Agricultural Society.

[203] William Charles Wells (1767-1H17), physician; born in South Carolina of Scottish parents: educated at Edinburgh University, 1770-1 and 1776-fl; M.D., 1780; newspaper publisher in East Florida, 1782-4;; settied as physician in London, 1785: L.R.C.P., 1788;. physician to Finsbury Dispensary, 1789-99, and St., Thomas's Hospital, London, 1800-17; published medical I papers, treatises on eyesight, and, 1814, an Emay on Dew which conclusively explained tliat phenomenon: Rumford medallist of the Royal Society; his autobiography published, 1818.

[204] William Frederick Wells (1762 - 1836), I watercolour-painter: exhibited at Royal Academy riews I of Webb scenery, 1795-18O4, and at Society of Painter* in Watercolours, 1804-13; drawing-master at Addlscombe College, 1809-29, aud in London; published etehings after Gainsborough.

[205] James Raymond Wellsted (1805–1842), surveyor anl traveller: officer of East India Company's surveying ship in Red Sea, 1830-3; examined Socotra Island, 1834; travelled in Oman, 1835 aud 1837: retired from service in shattered health, 1839; ptiblishel narratives of his own travels, and Travels in Arabia, 1838.

[206] Sir Henry Moncreiff Wellwood (1750-1827).

[207] Sir Henry Moncreiff Wellwood (1809-1883).

[208] James Wellwood (1652–1727), physician: educated at Glasgow; M.D. Leyden: accompanied William of Orange to England; F.R.C.P., 1690, censor, 1722: works include Vindication of the Revolution 1689, and a whig survey of Transactions in England (1588-1688).

[209] Wellwood 8m James, Low) MuscMirr (1776–1851). 8ee.!

[210] William (. WT7-IW2). Bee

[211] Wel 8BY. WILLIAM XKWLAND (1W2?-1 l.vil wnu-r: M.A. M. John,,!l, v.. Si... bar, M.I iv;,.,.;..,. 1841; jt .., j ! wtattw. I VV MWSMAI W WMWBM IVV**W W**WSJS*W .:..........:., i -II, ports; Report* of Mercantile Ce*e* and U* of *nent English Judge* (It. 237)

[212] John Welsche ( 157o?-16). 8m WKU".)

[213] Welsh I. AVID (1793–1844), ScoUbb divine; edaK.linburgh; mintotor of and In Glasgow, 1827; hon. D.D. GUvwow, 1831 til-tr..... f- V9.II..W. W TT_I t*_ Ifall hUtory profewor. Edinburgh Unlvertty, 1831-43, and in Free Church College, Edinburgh, 1844-ft: pobUahed rmona, and edited Thorn*- Brown's Lecture* on Ike Philosophy of the Human Mind 1834. lx. HT}

[214] James (1775–1861 1. Madras infantry, 17M: major, 1807: 1813: major-general, 1837; general. 1854: in active Mrvice In India. 1791-1807, 1809-29, 1837-47, BffhUnff to Wellesley's Mahmtta rampalgn*, 180S-4, qodnmr project*,! mutiny at Palamkotte, 180.and headimr tormln party at Travancore, 1809; publUncd his m,

[215] John Welsh (1824–1859), meteorologist ; at Edinburgh. lx:;9-42: employed at Makeratoua ob*ovatory, 1842-50, and at Kew obsenratory, 1810-9; P.B.&, 1857; improved self-recording magnetic instntmcnta.

[216] Thomas Welsh (1781–1848). vocalist; chorister, Wells Cathedral: sang in oratorio. Hay market London, 1796: succeaaful operatic singer, actor, teacher of singing; brought out two farces and an opera, * KamskaUa wrote instrumental and vocal music. lx. 240)

[217] Leonard Welsted (1688–1747 1 poet; of Westr minster School, 1703-7, and Trinity College, Cambridge: c'erk in cecreUry of state's office, and, 1725-47. in ordjuuice office: publislied bis first poem Apple-Pye 1704, and Oikojfraphia an autobiographical poem, 17: issued occasional poems, personal, political, and didactic, 1709-41; translatedLonginus on the Sublime,* 1712; virulently satirised, and was satirised by, Alexander Pope

[218] Robert Welsted (1671–1735), physician ; demy of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1689-98; HJLlIM; practised medicine in Bristol and London; L.R.C.P.. 1710: F.R.S., 1718: published Latin medical piece*, and. with Richard West, edited Pindar, 1692.

[219] Richard Welton (1671?-1726), nonjuring divine: M.A. Cains College, Cambridge, 1695; D.D.. 1708; rector of Whitechapel, 1697-1715, where he caused White Kennctt's portrait to be put as Judas in altarpiece, 1713: vicar of East Ham, Essex, 1710-15; refused oaths to George I, and opened nonjnring chapel in Whitechapel, London, 1715; consecrated bishop among nonjurors, 1722: minister of Thrift Church, Philadelphia, 1724-5, performing episcopal functions; pobltabed sermons; died at Lisbon.

[220] Wel wrrscH. FRIEDRICH MARTIN JOSMP (1807-1872), botanist; bom in Carintiiia: studied at Vienna: M.D. Vienna, 1836; resident In Portugal, 1M1M53, having charge of botanical gardens at Lisbon and Coimbra, and collecting Portugueae plant*, fungi, ate, molluscs, and insects; travelled in rrtogwsWs Africa, 1853-60, forming extensive herbarium of tropical plant*; met David Livingstone, 1854, in interior; resided in Indon, comparing his specimens with those to British collection*; 1863-72: published, in Portuguese, dtaoiptions of plants: his collections are partly at Lists*, partly in British Museum.

[221] Alexander Maconochib Welwood -, Lord Meadowbank (1777–1861). See MACONOCHIE.)

[222] Welwood or WELWOD or VELVOD, WILLIAM (. 1577-16J2X professor of mathematics and.of law at St Andrews; disooTercd principk of the 1677, and described it (as applied to pumping water) in a Latin pamphlet, 1582: professor of mathematics, 1578-87, of law, 1587-97; expelled by the royal visitors from his chair, 1697; ordered to be replaced by James I, 1600, though it is doubtful whether he was ever actually replaced. His legal works include Sea- Law of Scotland 1690,Abridgement of all Sea-Lawes 1613, and three Latin treatises, printed in Holland, 1594, instituting comparison between lloman and Jewish law, reviewing prooedure in civil and ecclesiastical courts, and discussing methods of repressing popular outbreaks.

[223] David Wemyss , second EARL OF WEMYSS (1610–1679), while Lord Elcho commanded foot regiment in Scottish army, 1640, and was defeated by Moutrose at Tippermuir, 1644, and Kilsyth, 1645; succeeded to earldom, 1649.

[224] David Wemyss , third [actually fourth] EARL OP WEMYSS (1678–1720), succeeded to earldom, 1705; took seat in parliament, 1705; a commissioner for the union; vice-admiral Of Scotland, 1707.

[225] David Wemyss , LORD ELCHO (1721–1787), Jacobite; eldest son of James, fourth earl of Wemyss (il. 1766): visited Great Britain as Jacobite agent, 1744; commanded Prince Charles Edward's life-guards, 1745-6; wrote narrative of the rising: attainted; excluded from titles and estates; died at Paris.

[226] David Douglas Wemyss (1760–1839), general ; as David Douglas was ensign, 1777, and captain, 1783, serving in North America and West Indies, 1777-81, 1786-9; assumed name of Wemyss, c. 1790; became major, 1791, lieutenant-colonel, 1793, major-general, 1802, and general, 1819, serving in Flanders, 1793, Corsica and Italy, 1794-7, Gibraltar, 1797-1802, and Ceylon, 1803-6.

[227] James Wemyss (1610?–1667), master-gunner of England; came to London, 1630; studied and experimented in gunnery; improved leather guns for field service; lost his scientific instruments by a fire, 1637; master-gunner of England, 1638-48 and 1660-6; accompanied Charles I's artillery train to Scotland, 1639 and 1640; went over to parliamentary side; colonel and master of ordnance in Sir William Waller's army; taken prisoner at Oropredy Bridge, 1644; well treated by King Charles I; tested guns for the parliamentary navy, 1646-7; returned to Scotland, 1648: general of artillery in Scottish army at D unbar, 1650, and Worcester, 1651; prisoner in Windsor Castle, 1651-60.

[228] Wemyss or WEEMES, JOHN (1579?–1636), divine ; M.A. St. Andrews, 1600; minister of Button, Berwickshire, 1608, and Dunse,1613; took part in the ritual controversy, 1818-20; prebendary of Durham, 1634; published * The Christian Synagogue an expository treatise, 1623, and works of practical divinity.

[229] Richard of Wendover (d. 1252). See

[230] Roger De Wendover (d. 1236), chronicler and monk of St. Albaus; prior of Belvoir, but recalled, c. 1821, for extravagance; compiled Plores Historiarum creation to 1135, of which the portion from 1202 is a first-hand authority.

[231] Thomas Wendy (1500?–1560), physician to Henry VIII, Edward VI, and Mary I; fellow of Gonville Hall, Cambridge, 1519; M.A., 1522; M.D. Ferrara; served on ecclesiastical commissions, 1548, 1552, and 1559; F.R.C.P., 1551; elect, 1552; M.P. St. Albans, 1554, and Cambridgeshire, 1565; benefactor of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge.

[232] Henry de Wengham (d. 1262). See Wingham.

[233] Jane Wenham (d. 1730), the last woman condemned for witchcraft in England; lived at Walkern, Hertfordshire; tried for witchcraft and found guilty by jury, contrary to assize judge's leading (who, in answer to one of the charges brought against her, remarked that there was no law against flying), 1712, and condemned to death, but pardoned; her case debated in several pamphlets, 1712.

[234] John Wenlock, Baron Wenlock (d. 1471), fought in France, 1421; constable of Vernon, Normandy, 1422; M.P., Bedfordshire, 1433-56; usher, and, 1450, chamberlain to Queen Margaret of Anjou; attended Kirhard, duke of York's, mission to Fraiuv, 1442; high sheriff of Buckinghamshire, 1444; received back (alienated) Wenlock estate, 141*; knighted, c. 1448; i. i-ht on Lancastrian side at St. Albaus, 1455; went over to Yorkists; speaker of House of Commons, 1455; Yorkist envoy to Burgundy and France, 1458: attainted, 1459; took refii't! in Knuice; returned, 11 GO; K.U., 1461; fought at Ferrybridge and Towton, 1461; created Baron Wenlock and appointed chief butler of England, 1461; employed by Edward IV on foreign missions; lieutenant of Calais, 1469; returned to Lancastrian side, 1461; slain at Tewkesbury.

[235] Agnes Wenman (d. 1617), nee Ferrnor; wife of Sir Richard Wenman; a Roman catholic; patron of John Gerard (1564-1637), the Jesuit; imprisoned on suspicion of complicity in Gunpowder plot, 1605-6; left in manuscript a translation of French version of Johannes Zonaras.

[236] Sir Richard Wenman, first Viscount Wenman (1573–1640), of Thame Park, Oxfordshire ; studied at Oxford, 1587; knighted for gallantry at Cadiz, 1596: M.P., Oxfordshire, 1620 and 1625; high sheriff for Oxfordshire, 1627; created Viscount Wenman of Tuam, 1628.

[237] Thomas Wenman , second Viscount Wenma (1596-1665), eldest son of Sir Richard Wenman, first viscount Wenman; knighted, 1617; M.P., Brackley, 1620-5, Oxfordshire, 1626, Brackley, 1628, and for Oxfordshire in Long parliament, 1640; succeeded to Irish barony, 1640; supporter of the parliament; served on commissions to treat with Charles I, 1642-3, 1644, and 1648; excluded by army from parliament as too favourable to Charles I, and imprisoned, 1648; bought confiscated estates in Ireland, 1651; M.P., Oxfordshire, in Convention parliament, 1660.

[238] Thomas Francis Wenman (1745–1796), regius professor of civil law, Oxford; student of University College, Oxford; fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, 1765; D.C.L., 1780; barrister, Inner Temple, 1770; M.P., Westbury, 1774-80; keeper of the Oxford University archives, 1781; regius professor of civil law, Oxford, 1789-96; studied botany; left in manuscript a history of All Souls College, Oxford.

[239] Baron Wensleydale (1782–1868). See Parke.

[240] Charles Watson Wentworth -, second Marquis of Rockingham (1730–1782). See Watson-Wentworth

[241] Henrietta Maria Wentworth, Baroness Wentworth (1657?–1686), mistress of Duke of Monmouth; only child of Sir Thomas Wentworth, fifth baron Wentworth (1613-1665); succeeded her grandfather in barony, 1667; acted with Monmouth in masque at court, 1674; lived with him at Toddington, Bedfordshire, 1680; followed him to Holland, 1684; dissuaded Monmouth from entering imperialist service against Turks, 1685, and supplied funds for descent on England; returned to England, 1685.

[242] Sir John Wentworth (1737–1820), colonial governor; son of a merchant of Portsmouth, New Hampshire; M.A. Harvard College, 1758; visited London and pleaded for repeal of Stamp Act, 1765: hon. D.C.L. Oxford, 1766; governor of New Hampshire, 1766-76, becoming more and more unpopular from efforts to carry out his instructions; his house pillaged, 1775; banished, and property confiscated by state congress. 1778; resided in London, 1778-83; resided in Halifax, Nova Scotia, as surveyor of king's forests, 1783-92, and as governor of Nova Scotia, 1792-1808; created baronet, 1795; died at Halifax; his correspondence, 1767-1808, preserved hi public records at Halifax.

[243] Paul Wentworth (1533–1593), parliamentary leader; younger brother of Peter Weutworth (1530?-1596); lessee from crown of Burnham Abbey, Buckinghamshire; M.P., Buckingham, 1563-7, Liskeard, 1572-83; active in petitioning Queen Elizabeth to name her successor, 1566; custodian at Burnham Abbey of Thomas Howard, fourth duke of Norfolk (beheaded, 1572); angered Queen Elizabeth by proposing the preaching of a sermon before each meeting of House of Commons, 1581.

[244] Peter Wentworth 1530?–1596), parliamentary leader; of Lillingstone Lovell: M.P., Barnstaple, 1571-2, Tregony, 1576-83, Northampton, 1586-7; attacked Sir Humphrey Gilbert for subserviency to court, l.wi: advocated right of House of Common, to discos* Thirty-nil..- rticU* and othrr rhim-h Mutations In spite of MII.TII Elizabeth's order*. 1571: imprisoned in Tower of I.iuion, 1576, (or bitter speech against crown interA -,t!i Ho,:-,- of Commons, and. 1587, (or again chalk -mring Blizabeth'i absolutism in ecclesiastic*! affairs, an. I, 15:13-1;, for petitioning Elizabeth to name her successor,:ii..i advocating right to succession o( Edward 8eymonr, lord Beauchamp; wrote, 1594, A Pithie Exhortation (printed, 15iM), urging BlUabeib to nanisuccessor.

[245] Peter Wentworth ( 1592–1675), politician; of Mairdal.-n Hull. Oxford: of Lillingstone Lovell. (or.JM.in-: K.K.. lcs:.: high sheriff o( Oxford-hire.: M.P., Tainworth, 1641: refused to act as judge of Churl.* I, 16'J; served in Commonwealth councils of: atate: reviled for immorality by Oliver Cromwell at expulsion of the Hump, 1653: re-took his seat in parliament, 1659; left legacy to John Milton.

[246] Thomas Wentworth, first Baron Wentworth of Nettlestead (1501-1551), knighted while .n France, 1523; inherited Nettleatead, Suffolk, 1528: created baron, 1529: embraced protestantism; advocated Henry Vlir* divorce (rom Catherine, 1*30: attended Henry VIII to France. 1532; served against Norfolk insurgent*!, 1549; helped to overthrow Protector Somerset, 1649; privy councillor, 1M9-51; lord chamberlain. 1550: granted crown lauds.

[247] Thomas Wentworth , second BARON Wentworth of Nettlestead( 1625–1584), eldest son of Thomas Wentworth, first baron Wentworth: perhaps of St. John's College, Cambridge; knighted while serving in Scotland, 1547; M.P., Suffolk, 1547-51; succeeded to barony, 1551: voted for execution of Somerset, 1551; made privy councillor by Queen Mnry, 1553; sat on comi to try Northumberland and his supporters, 1553; deputy of Calais, 1553-8; failed to obtain necessary support from England; neglected warnings of Imminent French attack, December 1557; surrendered Calais, January 1558; prisoner of war in France, 1558-9; acquitted of charge of treasonable surrender, 1559; sat on commission which condemned Norfolk, 1672.

[248] Thomas Wentworth (1568?-1628), lawyer: third son of Peter Wentworth (15307-1596); called to bar, Lincoln's Inn, 1594, Lent reader, 1612; recorder of Oxford city, 1607-23; as M.P., Oxford city, 1604-28, steadily opposed the crown; dlscommonsed by Oxford University, 1611-14; imprisoned for speech against illegal imposts, 1614; advocated war with Spain, 1624.

[249] Sir Thomas Wentworth , first EARL OF Strafford (1593–1641), statesman : of Ventworth-Woodhouse, Yorkshire; educated at St. John's College, Cambridge; entered Inner Temple, 1607: knighted, 1611: travelled on continent, 1612-13; M.P., Yorkshire, 1814; succeeded aa second baronet, 1614: custos rotulorum, Yorkshire, 16151625; began feud with Sir John Savile, afterwards first Baron Savile of Pontefract, 1617; as M.P., Yorkshire, 1621, showed firmness and moderation in opposing the crown; as M.P., Pontefract, 1624, opposed war with Spain and showed hostility to purl tan is m: M.P., Yorkshire, 1625, unseated on Savile's petition, but re-elected; oppose 1 war with Spain, and expressed resentment at dissolution of parliament; appointed sheriff of Yorkshire, 1625, to exclude him from new parliament; opposed Charles I's demands for money, and was removed from commission of peace and replaced by his rival Savile in office of custoe rotulorum, 1625; imprisoned for refusal to pay the forced loan, 1627; in the parliament of 1628 led House of Commons, April-May, in endeavour to bring Charles I to some reasonable compromise as regards forced loans, billeting of soldiers, and imprisonment without cause shown; offended Charles I by safeguarding the supplies voted against sudden appropriation by crown; passively accepted the Petition of Right, which was substituted for his own proposals in consequence of Charles I's obstinacy. May -June, 1628; taken into court favour; created baron and Viscount Wentworth, and made president of council of north, 1628; privy coun cillor. 1899: drawn Into common aversion to .-::.;:.. -i to break authority by reducing army to Ing piracy In St. Georges Ch Indu*ti7. compelling rutttoB Uament, 1614, on llsh InleM; laid a heavy band on in Dublin, 1634-6, e*. on r Paul Oi Adam Lofto*. flnt viscount Lortus of By. lordchancellor: offended Henrietta Maria by refusing I on Irish establishment to her favourites; packed juries to declare all Connaoght crown property, 1635, intending to bring in English setUen; advised Charles I against the naval Intervention in foreign affairs which be contemplated to provide a colourable excuse lor demanding ship-money, the judges having (avour of the legality of bis right to levy oated Invasion of Scotland to enforce adoption of English liturgy, 16J8, bat vainly urged Charles I to train his troops before attempttngln. vasion, 1819; came to London to opponents in Star-chamber court, informally Charles I's chief adviser, September 18J9; advised demand of loan from privy councillors and summon in parliament to vote supplies, promising, as a good exMPpfo, a large loan from himself and a prompt vote of supplies from Irish parliament; was created Baron Baby and Earl of Stratford, 1640, thereby deeply offending Sir Henry Vane the elder, owner of Haby Oastie: created lord-lieutenant of Ireland. 1640: offered service of Irish troops against Scotland and to command them In person; obtained subsidies to amount of 180.000. from Irish parliament, March 1640; attended Short parliament, April 1640; advised Charles I personally to Invite psen to insist on Commons voting supplies before illsrusislnq: grievances: taken Into favour by Henrietta Maria; vainly advised Charles I to be content with part of the subsidies asked; assented to dissolution of Short parliament; In committee of privy council, 6 May 1840, urged collection of funds by force and immediate invasion of Scotland, promising, it was reported, help of Irish troops against both Scottish and English rebels; popularly styled Black Tom Tyrant from suspicion of this advice: vainly urged Charles I to immediate and despotic action, July 1640; received patent as captain-general in Ireland, with prospect of employment in Scotland and England, August 1840: took command of Charles I's force in Yorkshire, and prevailed on Yorkshire to adopt JiiJuisllw measures against the invading Scots army, September 1640; attended Long parliament on Charles Ps personal guarantee of his safety; urged Charles I to send parliamentary leaders to the Tower of London: impeached by Commons and sent to the Tower of London, 1840: trial opened, March 1841; procedure by impeachment abandoned because of favourable impression produced on peers by his vigorous defence and in fear of northern army being brought to coerce parliament: bill of attainder against him passed by Commons, 21 April, passed by Lords, 8 May, in panic canned by discovery of court plot to release him, and introduce into England Irish and Dutch troops; his attainder assented to by Charles, 10 May, in dread of mob violence; executed on Tower Hill, 11 May 1641.

[250] Sir Thomas Wentworth , fifth BARON Wentworth (1613–1666), eldest son of Thomas Wentworth, fourth baron Wentworth of NetUestead and first earl of Cleveland, styled Lord Wentworth by courtesy from 1626; at the court of Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia at the Hague, 1631: M.P.. liulfordshln, In Short and Long parliaments 1640: called to peers In his father's barony. 1640; commanded troop of horse under Wilmot and Goring. 1644-5: held chief command In west, but was routed at TorringUm, 1648; in attendance on Prince Charles (Charles II) in Scilly, Jersey. Paris, 1849, Scotland, 1850, Worcester, 1851, and abroad, 1851-80; colonel of the guards, 1656-85.

[251] Sir Thomas Wentworth, fourth Baron Wentworth of Nettlestead, and flnt EARL or CUTOXAXD (1591-1667), succeeded to barony, 1593; entored Trinity College, Oxfonl, 1602: cnstos rotulorum, Bedfordshire, 1619: took seat in the Lords, 1621; favourite of Buckingham: created Earl of Cleveland, 1C2G: accompanied Buckingham to Rochelle, 1627; was with Buckingham when aMassinated, 1628; incurred heavy debts, 1630-8, ultimately alienatim; his whole estate; served against the Scots, 1639-40; attended Strafford on scaffold, 1641; colonel of horse in Oliarles I's army. 1642; displayed great military activity, 1644: prisoner of war, 1644-8; in attendance on Charles II in France and Scotland, 1650; covered his flight at Worcester, 1651; prisoner of war, 1651-6; captain of gentlemen pensioners, 1660.

[252] Thomas Wentworth , BARON RABY and third Earl of Strafford (1672–1739), diplomatist ; page to Queen Mary Beatrice, 1688; served in cavalry in Scotland, 1889, and in Holland, 1690-7, with distinction; major in the guards, 1693; succeeded to barony of Raby, 1695; envoy to Berlin, 1701; served in Flanders, 1702; lieutenant-general, 1707; ambassador at Berlin, 1703-11, and the Hague, 1711-14; created Earl of Strafford, 1711; one of the negotiators of peace of Utrecht, 1711-13: recalled by George I, 1714, and his pension stopped, 1715; proceeded against in parliament for share in treaty of Utrecht, 1715-16 (proceedings dropped, 1717): privy to proposed Jacobite insurrection, 1725; much of his correspondence preserved in British Museum Library.

[253] William Wentworth (1616–1697), colonist: emigrated from Lincolnshire, 1636, to avoid molestation as puritan; finally settled at Dover, New Hampshire, 1649; saved Heard's garrison from a massacre planned by the Indians, 1689; died at Dover, New Hampshire.

[254] William Charles Wentworth (1793–1872), the Australian patriot; chief founder of colonial selfgovernment; born on Norfolk Island; son of a government surgeon; sent to school at Greenwich, 1800; deputy provost-marshal, New South Wales, 1811: went on exploring journey across Blue Mountains, 1813; entered Peterhouse, Cambridge, 1816; publishedStatistical Account of the British Settlements in Australasia 1819: barrister, Middle Temple, 1822: returned to Sydney: co-proprietor and joint-editor of The Australian newspaper, Sydney, from 1824, advocating admission to political power of the ex-convicts emancipists and discouraging voluntary immigrants interlopers; obtained, by popular clamour, recall of the governor, Sir Ralph Darling, 1831; chief adviser of his successor, Sir Richard Bourke ; deeply offended the next governor, Sir George Gipps, 1840, by underhand attempt to buy large tracts of land in New Zealand; member for Sydney in the first New South Wales legislature, 1843 (re-elected, 1848 and 1851); leader of the pastoral or squatter party, from 1843; advocated continuance of transportation to provideassignedlabourers; carried, 1849, bill for founding Sydney University (opened 1852); bitterly opposed lowering of franchise, 1850: his proposal for an hereditary Australian peerage scouted by colonial opinion, and his proposal that no change of constitution should be allowed except by a two-thirds majority of both legislative houses rejected by home government, 1853; suggested federal parliament for all Australia, 1857: accorded statue in Sydney University, 1861: returned finally to England, 1862; given a public funeral and buried at Sydney.

[255] Werbttrga or WERBURH, SAINT (d. 700?), abbess of Ely; daughter of Wulfhere, king of Mercia: abbess of Sheppey, of Ely, and in Mercian convent*; her remain?, in fear of Danish invasion, c. 875, translated to Chester, where cathedral represents church of her shrine; patroness of women and children; commemorated on 3 Feb.

[256] Sir John Werden or Worden, first baronet (1640-1718), politician: son of Robert Werden; called to bar, Middle Temple, 1660; employed in diplomatic service, e. 1665-72; created baronet, 1672; secretary to James, duke of York: M.P., Reigate, 1673-9, 1685-7; a commissioner of customs, 1685-97 and 1702-14.

[257] '^ Robert Werden or Worden (d. 1690), soldier ; colonel of horse in Charles? I's army; taken prisoner at Cbwter, 1646; admitted to composition for delinquency, 1646; suspected of treasonable designs, 1648-52, 1655; barely escaped with life for joining Sir George Booth's rising, 1659; accused of treason by royalists, 1660; recovered his estates; lieutenant, 1665, and lieutenant-colonel, 1672, in Duke of York's guards; M.P., Chester, 1673-9 and 1685; comptroller of Duke of York's household, 1679; lieutenant-general, 1688; treasurer to Mary II, 1689.

[258] Werefrid Werferth , or HEREFERTH (d. 915), consecrated bishop of Worcester, 873; one of Khi Alfred's scholar-courtiers, 884; translated into Saxou Pope Gregory's Dialogues (manuscripts extant at Cambridge, London, and Oxford).

[259] Wesham or WESEHAM, ROGER iB (rf. 1257), bishop of Lichfield: D.D.; divinity lecturer in Franciscan convent, Oxford; prebendary of Lincoln, 1223; dam of Lincoln, 1232; bishop of Lichfield, 1245-56, devoting himself to care of diocese and cathedral.

[260] Charles Wesley (1707–1788), divine and hymnwriter: youngest son of Samuel Wesley (1662-1735) ; entered Westminster School, 1716; student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1726; joined with some fellowstudents in a strict method of religious observance and study, whence they were nicknamedmethodiste; began his private diary, 1729; B.A., 1730; M.A.,1733; ordained, 1735: visited Georgia as secretary to James Edward Oglethorpe, the governor, 1736: believed himself 'converted Whitsunday 1738; did much evangelistic work in London, 1738-9; settled at Bristol as centre, 1739-56, going on evangelising journeys in west of England and Wales, and to Cornwall, Newcastle-on-Tyne, and (1747-8) to Ireland; in sharp controversy with the conference of 1755, which showed readiness to separate from Anglican church: removed, in ill-health, to Bath, 1761; developed divergent views on doctrine ofperfectionfrom his brother, John Wesley, 1762; removed to London, 1771; continued to preach as much as his health allowed; disapproval of John Wesley's ordinations of presbyters from 1784; composed over six thousand hymns, of which five hundred are still in use; some sermons and poetical pieces by him published posthumously.

[261] Charles Wesley (1757–1834), musician ; eldest son of Charles Wesley (1707-1788); studied music in Bristol and London; published Six Concertos eight songs, and other music, before 1784; organist in various London churches from 1794.

[262] John Wesley (1703–1791), evangelist and leader of methodism; a younger son of Samuel Wesley (16621735); foundationer at Charterhouse, London, 1714; scholar of Christ Church, Oxford, 1720; B.A., 1724; ordained deacon, 1725; fellow of Lincoln College, Oxford, 1726-51; M.A., 1727; curate for his father at Wroot, 1727-9; tutor in Libcoln College, Oxford, 17291735; leader of his brother Charles Wesley's (1707-1788) methodistsociety in Oxford, 1729, from which year methodism is sometimes dated; published prayers, 1733; accepted charge of the Georgia mission, 1735; much influenced by German Moravian brethren during his voyage out and during his first months of residence; founded at Savannah a religious society on the Moravian model, 1736; began correspondence with Zinzendorf, founder of the Moravians, 1737; his ministry in Georgia embittered by quarrels, partly provoked by his autocratic church methods, 1736-7: published his first hymnfcl, 1737; left Georgia to avoid a libel action, founded on his repelling from communion a Mrs. Williamson, who (as Miss Hopkey) had a short time before rejected his offer of marriage; after his return met, and was much influenced by, Peter Bbhler, a Moravian; became member of the Moraviansocietyat Fetter Lane chapel, London, 1738; believed himself converted 1738: visited Zinzendorf at Herrnhut, 1738: appointed his first lay preacher, 1738; began field preaching, and opened methodist chapel at Bristol, 1739; brought into conflict with Joseph Butler on question of convulsive paroxysms, which were claimed to be manifestations of the Holy Ghost, at his Bristol meetings, 1739; bought a disused gun-foundry in j London and converted it into methodist chapel, 1739; I founded a united society for weekday meetings, December 1739, from which the inception of methodism is generally dated: broke off his membership of the Moravian 'society 1740; renounced Calvinism by publishing his I free grace sermon, preached at Bristol, 1740; was per I sonally involved in controversy by this sermon, and brought about secession frm tin tliolist-" of Webb Oal. lii mi.! !!ii!iiit-- of lliifitin.ion connexion (17M); preached nnoiu at Oxford, 1711 aii'l 17 H: orvani*ul his follower* in lirfetol and London inoUUi m--!!. 1 to which admission was bysociety ti-k.-t- (( m.-nil* r-liiji). 1743, and divided the coantry into circuit*: held flrat methodUt conversationor conference, London, 1744, and nocon acknowledged his title to beoverseerof metuodtaU), 1745; published handbook.* on various subject*,: physic, from 1743; went on continual evangelistic journeys, visit iinr I-:-- f Man, Irdaitd forty-two times (from 1747), and Scotland constantly (from 1751): became contracted to Grace Murray, a widow, 1748, bat absented to !,. r n,:irriage with John Bcunet, 1749; married Mary Vazeille, a widow, 1751, who had a serious quarrel with him, 1755, and separated from him, 1776: found his laypreachers ready for separation from Anglican church in the conference of 1755; found that during his absence in Ireland they bad begun to celebrate the eucharist, 1760: vainly tried to induce the ColvinlsU to enter a union of inrthudisto, 1764; had several of his lay preacher* ordained by Erasmus, so-called bishop of Arcadia in Crete, 1764; wrote against the anti-taxation agitation in the American colonies, 1775-8; -xecuteddeed of declaration- j.mv.,;.!,- for regulation of methodUt chapels and preachers, 1784; ordained presbyters to confer orders and administer the sacraments, 1784: preached his last sermon, 23 Feb. 1791; published twenty-three collections of hymns, 1737-86; published his collected prose * Works,* 1771-4.

[263] Samuel Wesley , the elder (1662–1735), divine and poet; originally spelt his name Westley: educated in London for independent ministry, 1678-83: entered Exeter College, Oxford, 1683; published volume of verse, * Maggote 1685; B.A., 1688; naval chaplain, c. 1689; rector of South Ormsby, 1690: jolntrcditor oil Athenian Gazette 1691-7; rector of Epworth, 1695-135, and of Wroot, 1722-35; involved in pecuniary difficulties by Tarious accidents; his rectory troubled by a noteyspirit 1716-17; published much verse and prose, including a panegyric on Marlborough, 1705, and a hostile criticiMn of nonconformist academies, 1703; hia dissertations ou Job published posthumously, 1735.

[264] Samuel Wesley , the younger (1691-1 739X schoolmaster; eldest son of Samuel Wesley the elder q. v.l:

[265] Samuel Wesley (17G6-1837), musician: son of Chariot- Wesley (1707-1788): chiefly self-taught; gave subscription concerts in London from 1779; embraced Roman Catholicism, 1784; mental balance disturbed by severe accident, 1787; enthusiastic admirer of Virginia.

[266] Samuel Sebastian Wesley (1810–1876),organist and composer; natural son of Samuel Wesley (1766-1837) ; chorister, Chapel Royal, London, 1819; organist of various London churches. 1825-32, Hereford Cathedral, 1832-5, Exeter Cathedral, 1835-41, Leeds parish church, 1842-9, Winchester Cathedral, 1849-65, and Gloucester Cathedral, 1865-76; Mus.Doc. Oxford, 1839; professor of the organ, Royal Academy of Music, 1850: granted; U.C.L. Oxford, 1748), a metrici civil list pension, 1873: published pamphlets against the i pi,, an d miscellaneous poetry, cathedral music of his time; in first rank as composer of English church music.

[267] John Wessington (d. 1451), prior of Durham; Benedictine monk; studied at. and was bursar, 1398, of Durham College, Oxford; chancellor of Durham Cathedral, lliHi, and prior, 1416-46; wrote pennon- and treatises on history of monasticism and of universities, still extant in manuscript.

[268] Mrs West . (1790–1876), actress; nArCooke; first appeared at Bath, 1810, at Coveut Garden, London, 1812, 1815-17; a leading actress, chiefly in tragedy, Drury Lane, London, 1818-28; played secondary parts at Covent Garden, 1835; afterwards played in the provinces. Llx. 323 Harrow; M.A. Brascnose College, Oxford, 1819; lord of the bedchamber, 1H13 ami 1*20-8: assumed Hackvilte a additional name, 1843; lord-chamberlain, 1841 and 18681859.

[269] West !!MAMS (1718-1 8X hlrtortoal palaUrr tx.rn of quaker parent* in Pennsylvania; Mlf -Uufbt: painted portrait* In Philadelphia and New York; studio! and painted portrait* in luly. 176O-1: exhibited MMM* ;,i:iit..:-.;.. -, d ad rM n i bad. boa i:.;i member of the Incorporated Society ot Artfeu. 17tt: much employed by Oeorge 111, 1767 K.A., 17M; engraving, from his : -:..- t kr,..s:, 1771); flmto -....::...; Hi mt.I.!" painter toGorge III, 177*: an origin..: at first exhibition or., my. 1789; graving from hi* plrtun* very popular; i picture the Drath of Wolfe (exhibited, ...:..-. -.,r,.1..,-.:. -.. :

[270] Charles West (1816-1 89f). physician: studied in St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, 1888, Bor Berlin, and,:-: LDoM ?! v 5 M B,;-.:; playwrite and accoucheur, London; physician. Infirmary for Children, and, 1K62-76. Hospital for Sick Children; led H nsU -:T...: M,i:,.. i!,,; M,:-;. St Bartholomew's Hospital, 1848-60: F 1870 and 1882, Croonisn lecturer. 1874; published lectures on Diseases of Childhood 1*48, and Diseases of Women* other professional papers.

[271] Charles Richard Rack Sir 7ILLB-. Sixth EARL DE LA WARR, sixth TBCOUXT CAJmCLCFK, L WARR (1815-1873), a younger son of George John Suckville West, fifth earl Do La Warr ; ensign, 1833; captain, 1842; aide-de-camp to Sir Hugh Gough in Sikh war, 1845-6; styled Lord West from 1860: colonel, 1854: served in Crimea, 18*4-4; major-general, 1864; succeeded to earldom, 1869.

[272] Sir Edward West (1782–1828), economist*; fellow of University College, Oxford: M.A., 1807; called to the bar. Inner Temple, 1814: recorder, and, 1823-8, chiefjustice of Bombay: knighted, 1822; publishedEssay on Application of Capital to Land 1815, stating law of diminishing returns, and anticipating Uirardo's theory of rent: published observations on The Price of Corn 1826.

[273] Francis West (1586–1633?X colonist: accomI paned Christopher Newport q. v.1 to Virginia, 1809: member of council, 1609; owned plantations on James River; commander at Jamestown, 1612; almiral of New educated at Westminster School, 1704, and Christ Church, J Eng i and, 1622; governor of Virginia, 1628-9; died in Oxford, 1711; M.A., 1718; took orders; liead-ufher, Westminster School, 171S-33; master of iJlundell's School, Tivertoii, 1733-9: published poems, 1716-36; friend of Francis Atterbnry

[274] Francis West (rf. 1652), captain in London trained bands, 1644; lieutenant of Tower, 1645.

[275] Francis Robert West (1749?–1809), draughtsmail in crayons; son of Robert West; trained in Paris; master of Dublin School of Design, 1770-1809.

[276] George John West 8ACKVILLR. fifth EARI curbed by severe accident, 17H7: enthusiastic mumrei wjbai, ujsunuis junn OAVJA.T u*i,r.. m John Sebastian Bach's music from 1800; lectured on DB LA WARR (1791-1K69), contemporary of Byron at music in London from 1811; organist in Camden Town, London, 1824; a prolific composer.

[277] Gilbert West (1703–1756), author; educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford; B.A., 1725; fared in army and secretary of state's office; clerk of privy council, 1752; paymaster of Cbelstw Hospital, London, 1 154; published Observations on the Resurrection 1747 (boo. Oxford, 1748), a metrical version of Odes of

[278] James West (1704?-1772), politician and antiquary: M.A. Balliol College, Oxfoni, 1726: called to bar, Inner Temple, 1728, bencher, 17G1, reader. 1767, treasurer, 176H: F.H.S., 1726. ami president, 1768; F.8.A., 177; M.P.,St. Albans 1741-CH, Boronghbridge, 1768-72: Joint secretary to treasury, 1741 -C2; rvconler of Pode, 174-7; manuscripts, rare books, prints, coins, pjctares.

[279] Mrs Jane West (1758–1852), author; began to write verses, 1771; published verses, plays, didactic Letters and novels of goal moral Une, 17 and Hdiuburph, 1814; married, 1815: acted at Bath, befriended by Thomas Percy, the bishop, in tragedy, Drury )

[280] John West, first Earl De La Warr (1898-17W), traveller; clerk-extraordinary of privy council, 1718: M.P., Urampound, 1715; lieutenant-colonel in guards, succeeded as seventh (or sixteenth) Baron Do La Warr, 1723; treasurer of the household, 1731-6; took part in debates in the Lords, 1732-54; brigadier at Dettingu, 1743; general of horse, 1765; created curl, 1761.

[281] John West, second Earl De La Warr (1729–1777), son of John West, first earl De La Warr; ensign, ; major-general, 1761; styled Viscount Cantelupe from 1761; succeeded to earldom, 1766; lieutenant-general, 1770.

[282] Sir John West (1774–1862), admiral; entered navy, 1788; captain, 1796: rear-admiral, 1819: K.C.B., 1840; admiral of the fleet, 1858; G.C.B., 1860.

[283] Joseph West (fl. 1669–1685), governor of South Carolina; took out an emigrant party, 1669; settled at Ashley River, 1670; temporary governor, 1671; governor and store-keeper, 1674-82 and 1684-5.

[284] Nicholas West (1461–1533), bishop of Ely and diplomatist; educated at Eton; fellow of King's College, Cambridge, 1483-98; LL.D., c. 1485; appointed archdeacon of Derby, 1486; non-resident rector of Egglescliffe, 1499-1515, and Witney, 1502-15; appointed dean of Windsor, 1509; bishop of Ely, 1515-33; constantly employed on complimentary and diplomatic missions to Scotland, Germany, France, and Castile, 1502-25; chaplain to Queen Catherine of Arragon and opposed to the divorce proceedings, 1529; added to buildings of St. George's, Windsor, King's College, Cambridge, Putney parish church, and Ely Cathedral.

[285] Raphael Lamar West (1769–1850), painter and book-illustrator; son of Benjamin West

[286] Richard West (fl. 1606–1619), poet; published News from Bartolomew Fayre 1606, and The Court of Conscience a satire, 1607; added second part, 1619, to Francis Segar's School of Vertue

[287] Richard West (d. 1726), lawyer and playwright ; called to bar, Inner Temple, 1714, bencher, 1718; counsel to board of trade, 1718; M.P., Grampound, 1721, Bodmin, 1722-6; active manager of Lord-chancellor Maoclesfield's impeachment, 1725; lord chancellor of Ireland, 1725; published treatises on law of attainder, 1716, and creation of peers, 1719; brought out Hecuba, a tragedy 1726.

[288] Richard West (1716–1742), poet ; school-friend of Thomas Gray at Eton; entered Middle Temple, 1733; studied at Christ Church, Oxford, 1735-8; some of his letters and poems published posthumously.

[289] Robert West (d. 1770), artist; trained at Paris ; head-master of Dublin School of Design.

[290] Robert Lucius West (d. 1849), painter of portraits and historical subjects; son of Francis Robert West; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1808; headmaster of Dublin School of Design, 1809-49; an original member of Royal Hibernian Academy, 1823.

[291] Temple West (1713–1757), vice-admiral; entered navy, 1727; captain, 1738; cashiered, 1745, for failure (off Toulon, 1744) to come to close action with French squadron, but reinstated through family influence, 1746; rear-admiral, 1755; second in command under Admiral John Byng in failure at Minorca, 1756; viceadmiral of the blue, 1756.

[292] West Sm THOMAS, eighth BARON WEST and ninth BARON DK LA WARR (1472 ?-1554), soldier and courtier; knighted while serving in France, 1513; attended Henry VIII to France, 1520; carver to Henry VHI, 1521; high sheriff of Surrey and Sussex, 1624; succeeded to baronies, 1526; assented to Henry VIIFs divorce from Catherine, 1530; acted with the opposition peers, 1636-46: disliked dissolution of monasteries and the English service-books; prisoner in Tower of London under suspicion of disaffection, 1538; forced to give Halnaker to Henry VIII in exchange for church hinds, 1540; supported Warwick against Somerset, 1547; K.G., 1549: accused his nephew, William West, afterwards first (or tenth) baron De La Warr, of attempt to poison him, I 1M9; joint lonl-lieutenaut of Sussex, 1651; declared for Queen Mary, 1553.

[293] Thomas West , third (or twelfth) BARON DE LA WARR(1577–1618), entered Queen's College, Oxford, I MM; created M.A, 1605; travelled in Italy, 1595; M.P., Lyminpton, 1597; served in Netherlands. 1598, and under Essex in Ireland, 1599; knighted, 1599; imprisoned as j privy to Essex's rising, 1602; succeeded to barony il602; member of Virginia Company, 1G09; appointed governor and took out fresh colonists, lf.10; returns I I and published delation giving favourable account of j colony, 1611; died in Virginia on second visit.

[294] Thomas West (1720–1779), topographer*;' joined j Jesuits, 1751; mission-priest in Furness and WestmoreI land; publishedAntiquities of Furness 1774,Guide to the Lakes 1778, and archaeological papers.

[295] William West (fl. 1568–1594), author of ' Symbolaeographia (published, 1590), a practical guide to English law; entered Middle Temple, 1568.

[296] William West , first (or tenth) BARON DE LA WARR (1519?–1595), attainted, 1550, on charge of attempting to poison his uncle Thomas West, ninth baron De La Warr; restored in blood, 1563; believed to have been created by patent Baron De La Warr, 1570; summoned, 1572-92. His title to count in reckoning of old barony rests on decision of lords, 1597.

[297] William West (1770–1854), bookseller and antiquary; apprenticed in London, 1784; bookseller in ork, 1808-30, Birmingham, and London; published, among other works,Tavern Anecdotes, and Reminiscences of Signs 1825, autobiographical Fifty Years Recollections 1830, a history of Warwickshire, 1830, views of buildings in Staffordshire, 1830-1; and historical collections about printing, 1835, and bookselling, 1839.

[298] William West (1796?–1888), comedian and musical composer; appeared at Haymarket, London, 1805; acted in provincial and in minor London theatres; lived to be called The Father of the Stage; composed songs and glees.

[299] Richard Westall (1765–1836), historical painter; apprentice to heraldic engraver, London, 17791786; exhibited at Royal Academy from 1784: R.A., 1794; painted chiefly in water-colours, but occasionally in oils; painted chiefly historical subjects, but also portraits and rustic subjects; contributed designs to the 'Shakespeare and Milton' of John Boydell: a prolific book-illustrator.

[300] William Westall (1781–1850), topographical painter; taught by his brother Richard Westali; draughtsman to Matthew Flinders's Australian expedition, 1801-5, making sketches in Australia, China, and Bombay; visited Madeira and Jamaica, 1805-6; exhibited water-colour pictures and drawings of foreign scenes, 1808-28, and of English scenery, 1809-40; A.R.A., 1812; much employed in illustration of topographical works, 1818-31.

[301] Westbttry first BARON (1800–1873). See BBTHELL, RICHARD

[302] Barons Westcote . See LYTTELTON, WILLIAM Henry, first BARON, 1724–1808 : LYTTELTON, WILLIAM Henry, third BARON, 1782–1837 : LYTTELTON, GEORGE William, fourth BARON, 1817–1876.

[303] Thomas Westcote (fl. 1624–1636), topographer : travelled; saw military service; compiled topographical View of Devonshire e. 1630, and Pedigrees of... Devonshire Families(printed, 1845).

[304] George Blagdon Westcott (1745?–1798), captain in the navy; master's mate, 1768; lieutenant, 1777; captain, 1790; killed in battle of St. Vincent; accorded public monument in Westminster Abbey.

[305] Charles Callis Western, Baron Western (1767-1844), politician and agriculturist; of Felix Hall, Essex; educated at Eton and Cambridge; travelled. collecting busts, urns, and other objects of antiquity; M.P., Maldon, 1790-1812, Essex, 1812-32; advocated agricultural interests and parliamentary reform; created Baron Western of Rivenhall, 1833; improved breed of sheep; published pamphlets on prison discipline, 1821-2, and economic questions, 1822-43.

[306] Herbert Westfaling or Westphaling (1532?-1602), bishop of Hereford: student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1547; M.A., 1555; canon, 1562; D.D., 1566; Lady Mnrearet professor of divinity, 1562-4: vice chancellor of Oxford, !.: liiiMwin, Oxfonl-lnv, 1572: hi'hop of llt-n-L; benefactor of Jesus College, Oxford; published of Reformat:..n in 1688.

[307] Thomas Westfield (1578-1644), bishop of Bristol; fellow,,f JL*US College, Cambridge, 1600-3; M.A., 1596; D.D., 1615; rector of Sooth 1600-5, of St. Bartholomew. Smithfleld, London, 1606, and of Hornby. lol5-37; archdeacon of St. Albans 1631; bishop of Bristol, 1642; attended opening of Westminster Assembly, 1643; his sermons published posthumously, 1646 and 1660.

[308] William Westgarth (1815–1889), Australian colonist and politician; clerk in office of Australian merchant firm, Leith; general merchant, Melbourne, 184O: actively opposed transportation: represented Melbourne ..nth Wales legislature, 1850-3; settled in London as director of Westgarth Si Co., colonial brokers, 1867; published Report on... Australian Aborigines 1846, historical notes of settlement of Port Phillip or Victoria, 1848-57, and personal recollections of colonial affairs, 1888-9.

[309] Sir Richard Westmacott (1775–1856), sculptor ; trained in Rome under Cauova, 1793-7; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1797-1839; R.., 1811: professor of sculpture. Royal Academy, 1827-57; hon. D.O.L. Oxford, 183C; knighted, 1837; up to 1820 worked chiefly on monumental sculptures, busta and statues, after 1820 chiefly on classical and imaginative works; many of his monuments in Westminster Abbey and St. Paul's, London; executed bronze Achilles in Hyde Park, 1822, and pediment of British Museum portico, 1847.

[310] Richard Westmacott (1799–1872), sculptor; son of Sir Richard Westmacott; studied In Italy, 1820-6; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1827-56; R.A., 1849; up to 1840 produced chiefly imaginative work?, afterwards chiefly portraits and monument*); professor of sculpture, Royal Academy, 1867-67.

[311] Thomas Westmacott (d. 1798), architect; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1796-8.

[312] Eari Westmeath * OP. See NUGENT, SIR Richard, first BARL, 1683–1642; NUGENT, BJOHABD, second EARL, d. 1684: NUGENT, THOMAS, fourth EARL, 1666-1752; NUGENT, JOHN, fifth EARL, 1672-1764.

[313] Westminster first DUKE OP (1825–1899). See Hugh Lupus Grosvenor.

[314] Marquises of Westminster . See GROSVENOR, Robert, first MARQUIS, 1767–1845 ; GROSVENOR, Richard, second MARQUIS, 1795–1869.

[315] Matthew Westminster , name of nn Imaginary author, to whom is assigned, In a fifteenth-century manuscript, the chronicle * Flores Historiarum compiled by various writers at the abbeys of St. Albnns and Westminster, first printed, 1567, reprinted in Rolls Series, 1890.

[316] Barons Op Westmorland . See CLIFFORD, Roger de, fifth BARON, 1333–1389 : CLIFFORD, THOMAS DE, sixth BARON, d. 1391 ?: CLIFFORD, HKSKY DE CLIPFORD, tenth BARON, 1465 V-1523: CLIFFORD, HENRY DE CLIFFORD, eleventh BARON, 1493-1542; CLIFFORD, HENRY DX, twelfth BARON, d. 1570.

[317] Earls of Westmorland . See NEVILLE, RALPH, first EARL of first creation, 1364-1425: NEVILLE, RALPH, second earl, d. 1484; NEVILLE, RALPH, fourth EARL, 1499-1650; NEVILLK, HENRY, fifth EAKL, 15257-1563; NEVILLE, CHARLES, sixth EARL, 1543-1601; FANK, MILDMAT, second EARL of second creation, rf. 1665; FANE, JOHN, seventh EARL, 16827-1762; FANK, JOHN. Matt EARL, 1759-1841; FANK, JOHN, eleventh EARL, 1784-1869; KANE, FRANCIS WILLIAM HENRY, twelfth EARL, 18251891.

[318] Countess of Westmorland (1793–1879). See Priscilla Anne Fane.

[319] Edward Weston (1566–1635), Roman catholic controversialist; studied at Lincoln College, Oxford, 1579, Rheims, and Rome, 1585-91; D.D. Monreale; lecturer on casuistry, Rheims, 1592, and on divinity, Douay, 1693-1603: mission-priest in England, e. 1WS-; canon of Bruges; published doctrinal and polemical works, Latin and English, 1602-31. tx. 368

[320] Edward Weston ( 1703-1 770X didactic writer: 1665-1 b son of Stephen Westoo (16M-174S): ed( X's College. Cambridge; W.A., 1727: secretary of state, 1730-44 and 1711-4; editor of London Gasette* 1741-70; chief secretary for Ireland, 1746-41; assailed by Junlus under the Unpresston that he was the author of A Vindication of the Duke of Grafton: :.;.-;.. i......;. m.....::-. -..:, P, Country Gentleman's Advice to*his Bon 17M. to hi Neighbours 1756.

[321] WESTON, ELIZABETH JANE (1M2-1612). learned lady; master of several languages; born in London; .... "... !;..,.:. letters and verses to princes and Llpsius and Scmllger: married the jurist Join Spoil itteteTsji riMkiorVosvOte U ft

[322] Weston 8m FRANCIS (1611?-1636). courtier: only son of Sir Richard Weston (14667-1642); i page to Henry VIII, 1M; gentleman of the privy chamber, 1632; K.B., IMS; executed on charge of mls ! conduct with Anne Uoleyn.

[323] Hugh Weston (1506?–1558), dean of Westminster; M.A. Lincoln College, Oxford, 1M; rector of Lincoln College, Oxford, 1538-65; D.D., 1MO; Margaret professor of divinity, 1540-9; pluralist in rectories; leader of Roman catholic party; dean of Westminster, 1553-6, and of Windsor, 1550-7; appointed to over trial of Cranmer and the disputation between Cranmer and Richard Smith, 1554.

[324] Jerome Weston, second Earl of Portland (1605-1663), son of Richard Weston, first earl of Portland ; M.P., Gatton, 1628-9: envoy to France, 1618 and 1632-3; styled Lord Weston from 1633; succeeded to earldom, 1635; governor of Isle of Wight, 16SS-4J and 16GO-3: joint lord-lieutenant of Hampshire, 1641; imprisoned for plot to deliver Portsmouth to Charles I, 1642-3; resided in Oxford, 1643-6: compounded for delinquency, 1646; sat in Convention parliament, 1660.

[325] Sir Richard Weston (1466?-1MJ), courtier; governor of Guernsey, 1609-42: fought against Moors, 1611; knighted, 1514: in constant personal attendance on Henry VIII as knight of tbe body from 1116; " 1618; granted Sutton manor, Surrey, 1521: treasurer i Calais, 1625; nnder-treasurer of England, 1628-42.

[326] Richard Weston (rf. 1572), judge ; called to bar, Middle Temple, lcfore 1654, reader, 1584: bought Skreens, Essex, 155 J; M.P., Maldon, 1655; solicitor-general, 1M71559; justice of common pleas, 1659-72.

[327] Richard Weston, first Earl of Portland (1577-1635), statesman: student of Middle Tempte; knighted, 1603; M.P., Maldon. 1601-S, Midhurst, 1604 Ex, 1614, Arundel, 1621: M.P. 1624; M.P.Oallinsjton, 1625, Bodmin, 1626; ivnt, by reoommendaUon mar, to Brussels and avert Invasion of Pala ration of Elector Palatine, exchequer from 1621, showed financial capacity In pro. viding for necessary expenditure, incurred popular hatred as suspected Roman catholic, and was Intrigued against by Henrietta Maria for refusing grants to her favourites; Germany on frulUess endeavour to alatlnate, 162O, and to solicit restoalatlne, 1: chanceUor of the parliament, I 1 to secret treaty, laud, 1633.

[328] Sir Richard Weston, called to bar. Middle Temple, 1607 (1579?-16MX Jtt*f remple, 1607, bencher, 16:CP. 1641; disabled from judicUl

[329] Richard Weston O*91-1M2X turist; of Sutton, Surrey: knighted, 1621; trodncsd canal-locks. Irrigation to Increase hay-crops, and rotation oTcrop sup25ended work, (cPjf-OlM) * -. ocrop supend Wey navigable to trated as royalist: ;:,,;:,;,,:;,-, bant and Planders. 1 while

[330] Wiston S;it III CH A KD (1620–1681), judge; called to bar, ii ray's Inn, 1649, reader, 1076; pk-adcr of repute, f. 1662; kind's servant aud knighted, 1078; barou of exchequer, 1680-1.

[331] Richard Weston (1733–1806), agricultural writer; thread-hosier of Leicester: works include Tracts on Practical Agriculture and Gardening 1769, Flora AngUcaua 1775-80, andThe Leicester Directory 1794.

[332] Robert Weston (1515?–1573), lord chancellor of Ireland; fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, 1536; principal of Broadgates Hull, Oxford, 1546-9; D.C.L., 1556: M.P., Exeter, 1553, Lichfleld, 1559; dean of arches, 1559-1567; lord-chancellor of Ireland, 1567-73; held, though layman, deanery of St. Patrick's, Dublin, 1567-73, and deanery of Wells, 1570-3.

[333] Stephen Weston (1665–1742), bishop of Exeter ; educated at Eton: fellow of King's College, Cambridge; M.A., 1690; assistant-master, 1690, and second master, 1693-1707, at Eton; fellow of Eton, 1707; D.D. Oxford, 1711; canon of Ely, 1715-17; vicar of Mapledurham, 1716; bishop of Exeter, 1724; compiled school-books for use at Eton; sermons published posthumously.

[334] Stephen Weston (1747–1830), antiquary and man of letters; educated at Blundell's School, Tiverton; fellow of Exeter College, Oxford, 1768-84; M.A., 1770; B.D., 1782; travelled as tutor on continent, 1771; visited Paris, 1791-2, and subsequently; rector of Mamhead, 1777-90, and of Little Hempston, Devon, 1784-1823: F.R.S., 1792; F.S.A.. 1794; published notes of travel, classical texts and annotations, notes on Shakespeare, scriptural annotations, and translations from Arabic, Chinese, and Persian, 1776-1828; other works includeRemains of Arabic in Spanish and Portuguese Languages 1810, and 4 Greek, Latin, and Sanscrit compared 1814.

[335] Thomas Weston (d. 1643?), merchant and colonist; made, at Leyden, 1620, offers to provide shipping to take puritans to New England, which he failed to keep; sent trading-ship to Plymouth, New England, which brought back cargo of timber and fur, 1621; sent out futile private expedition to New England, 1622, and followed it; returned to England.

[336] Thomas Weston (1737–1776), actor; acted at Bartholomew Fair and Haymarket, London, 1759, and at Dublin, 1760-1; an admired comedian, especially in clown Darts, at principal London theatres, 1761-75.

[337] Sir William Weston (d. 1540), last prior of knights of St. John in England; distinguished himself at siege of Rhodes, 1522; commanded warship the first ironclad) at Crete, 1523; envoy to Henry VIII, 1524; prior in England, 1527; died on day of dissolution of the order.

[338] William Weston (1550?–1615), Jesuit; known also as EDMONDS and HUNT; contemporary of Edmund Campion at Oxford; studied at Paris, and, 1572, Douay; joined jesuite, 1575; trained in Rome and Spain; Greek lecturer at Seville, 1582-4; superior of Jesuit mission in England, 1584; reconciled Philip Howard, earl of Arumlel; wroteBook of Miracles describing his activity as exorcist; prisoner in the Clink, 1586-8 Wisbech Castle, 1588-98, and the Tower of London, 15981603; quarrelled at Wisbech with Christopher Bashaw and other secular priests, 1594; allowed to withlraw to continent, 1603; official of colleges at Seville 1605-14, and Valladolid, 1614; died at Valladolid.

[339] WE8TPHAL, Sm GEORGE AUGUSTUS (17851875), admiral; on active service, 1798-1834; wounded at Trafalgar; lieutenant, 1806; captain, 1819; knighted 1824; rear-admiral, 1851; admiral, 1863.

[340] Philip Westphal (1782–1880), admiral; on active service, 1794-1847: lieutenant, 1801; captain 1830; rear-admiral, 1855; admiral, 1866.

[341] WE8TPHALTNQ, HERBERT (1532 ?-1602). See

[342] Wbbtfalinu , kings and qneena of. See OKRDIC, m *uuc, * *97: CYNKOIIB , d. 672; SKXBUROA, rf. 673; CYNEWULF, d. 785; OKNTWINE, d. 685; GAKDWALLA, 659 ?-f89; INK, .. 7iY,; CfTiuiKi), ii. 754; SIGKBKKT,. 756 V; BixmnTiuc, . 802; KUUKHT, (. 839.

[343] John Obadiah Westwood (1805–1893), entomologist and palaeographer; articled to Ixmdon solicitor, is-Jl: secretary of tatomotogical Society, 1834; first Hope professor of zoology, Oxford, 1861-93: M.A. by decree, 1861; fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1880; published entomological text-books. 1838-89, paper; in sciiMititic journals from 1H27, and additions to n.-,v editions of older works; published, ainonir other pab-oraphical works, Paheographia Sacra Pictoria 1 Facsimiles of Miniatures aud Ornaments of Anirlo-Saxon and Irish Manuscripts 18t;s, ami Lapidarium NValliae account of early inscribed stones in Wales, 1876-9.

[344] Thomas Westwood (1814?–1888), minor poet; son of Thomas Westwood of Enfield; friend of Charles Lamb, who fostered his literary tastes; published, between 1840 and 1886, several volumes of verse characterised by exquisite taste; went to Belgium as director and secretary of the Tournay railway, 1844, and devoted much attention to collection of a library of works on angling, and subsequently published writings on the bibliography of angling, includingChronicle of the Compleat Angler 1864, and Bibliotheca Piscatoria (in collaboration with Thomas Satchell, d. 1888), 1883.

[345] Edward Wetenhall (1636–1713), bishop of Kilmore and Ardagh; educated at Westminster School; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1660; M.A. Lincoln College, Oxford, 1661; prebendary of Exeter, 1667; master of blue-coat school, Dublin, 1672; D.D. Trinity College, Dublin; bishop of Cork and Ross, 1679; resided in Ireland throughout troubles, 1688-9; translated to Kilmore, 1699; urged publication of books of religion in Irish language, 1710; published grammars of Greek and Latin, devotional works, and appeals for mutual forbearance in theological controversy, 1666-1710.

[346] Robert Wetham (d, 1738).

[347] Sir Edward Robert Wetherall (d. 1869), major-general r sou of Sir George Augustus Wetherall ; entered army, 1834; served in Canada, 1837; captain, 1845; assistant quartermaster-general in Crimea, 1854-5; chief of staff to Sir Hugh Henry Rose in central India, 1857-8; K.C.S.I., 1867; major-general, 1869.

[348] Sir Frederick Augustus Wetherall (1754–1842), general; entered army, 1775; served in America, 1776; officer of marines in battle off Cape St. Vincent, 1780; captain, 1781; stationed in Gibraltar, 1783-9; served in Canada and We?t Indies, 1790-1806; lieutenantcolonel, 1795; major-general, 1809; second in command of Java expedition, 1810; stationed in Mysore, 1811-15; G.C.H., 1833; general, 1837; successively aide-de-camp, equerry, and executor to Duke of Kent.

[349] Sir George Augustus Wetherall (178?–1868), general; son of Sir Frederick Augustus Wetherall ; lieutenant, 1795; captain, 1805; lieutenantcolonel, 1828; served in India, 1811-31, and Canada, 1837; K.C.B., 1856; general, 1863; G.C.B., 1865; governor of Sandhurst College, 1866.

[350] Sir Charles Wetherell (1770–1846), politician and lawyer; demy of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1786-91; M.A., 1793; hon. D.C.L., 1834; barrister, Inner Temple, 1794, bencher, 1816, treasurer, 1825; practised in chancery courts and at parliamentary bar; successfully defended James Watson (1766 ?-1838) in high treason case, 1817; tory M.P., Shaftesbury, 1813-18, Oxford, 1820-6, Hastings, 1826, Plympton Earl, 1826-30, Borough bridge, 1830-2, violently opposing legal, municipal, and parliamentary reform, and Roman catholic emancipation; solicitor-general, 1824; knighted, 1824; attorney-general, 1826 and 1828; recorder of Bristol; the great Bristol riot caused by his unpopularity, 1831.

[351] Nathaniel Thomas Wetheeell (1800–1875), geologist; surgeon; collected geological specimens in London district; contributed papers to Geological Society.

[352] Richard Wetherset (?. 1350), theological writer; chancellor of Cambridge University, 1350; work* still extant in manuscript.

[353] Wethershed

[354] Wetwano Sin JOHN' (. 1884), captain In the navy: omnm:in.l.-l ki HIT'S ship In wan ajrairut Dutch, 1665 7 i:.Mnvov.si Mediterranean merchant fl*t, 1670; knlghtKl. i.,.s.i;,i.,,i ir, i

[355] Wewitzer Mum (. 1772–1780). actress at Cerent ;;ir.l.-n. Ixn.l.*i, aii.l in Dublin; married, after.oQ8, James Cuffe, baron Tyrawley.

[356] Wewitzeh i:LPH (1748–1825). comedian; acted in principal London theatres, 1773- 181 2. with great taooia* In parts representing German*, Frenchmen. Jews, and old men: brought out pantomime*. 1784 and 1788: published a collection of bons mot* entitled School for Wit* 1815, autobiographical Dramatic ReiuinUeences and note* of stage history.

[357] Wey or WAY. WILLIAM (1407?-1476), traveller and author: M.A. and B.D. Oxfonl; fellow of Exeter College, oxford, 1430-42: fellow of Eton College, c. 14 2: wrote sermons, and itineraries (published. 1857) of his pilgrimages to Cotupostella, 1446, and Palestine, 1457-8 and 1462.

[358] John Weyland (1774–1854), writer on the poor laws; called to bar, Inner Temple, 1800; M.P., Hindoo, 1830-2; published A Short Enquiry Into... Poor Laws 1807,Letter... on State of Religion lu India 1813, and other papers,

[359] Thomas Dk Weyland (fl. 1272–1290), judge; pub-deacon: justice itinerant in eastern counties from 1272; justice of common pleas, e. 1274, and chief -justice, 1278-89; active in judicial duties, but rapacious in increasing his estates; removed from office and his estates confiscated on Edward I's return to England, when the conduct of the judges during Edward I'd atscncc was investigated, 1289; banished, 1290.

[360] Viscounts Weymouth . SeeTHY*;HK,Sw THOSCAR, first VISCOUNT, 1640-1714; THYNNK, THOMAS, third VISCOUNT, 1734-1796.

[361] Weymouth or WAYMOTJTH. GEORGE (Jl. 1605), voyager; employed by East India Company to seek for north- west passage to India; penetrated Hudson's Strait, but was forced to return by mutiny, 1602: hi second voyage, 1605, traded with natives on New England coast and sailed up a river in Maine.

[362] Whale Y or WHALLEY, THOMAS (1766–1800), Irish politician and eccentric; nicknamed Buck and Jerusalem* Whaley: lived extravagantly in ParU, 1782, and Dublin: M.P., Newcastle, co. Down, 1785-90, Knnisoorthy, 1797-1800: visited Jerusalem on a wager, 1788-9; revisited Paris, 1790; left autobiography in manuscript.

[363] Edward Whalley (d. 1675?), regicide ; woollendraper; major in Cromwell's horse, 1643, and lieutenantcolonel, 1644; served with distinction in many actions, 1643-9; one of army leaders who resisted dlsbandment by parliament, 1647; custodian of Charles I at Hampton Court, 1648; sat as judge and signed Charles I's deathwarrant, 1649; served under Cromwell at Dunbar, 1650, and Worcester, 1651: major-general in command of midland district, 1655: active supporter of protectorate: sat in Oliver Cromwell's two parliaments, and in bis HOU.MJ of Lords, 1657; army agent to negotiate with Monck in Scotland, 1659; escaped to New England, 1660: still alive, 1C74.

[364] Georgr Hammond Whalley (1813–1878), politician: called to bar, Gray's Inn, 1835; assistant tithe commissioner, 1836-47: published articles and treatise on tithe question, first edition, 1838; liberal M.I, Peterborough, 1859-78.

[365] John Whalley (1653–1724), quack; resided in Dublin, 1682-8 and 1689-1724, Belling universal medicines, issuing Vox Urani or 4 Advice from the Stars an astrological almanac, and pretending to necromancy: visited London, 1688-9, to shun resentment of native Irish and Roman catholics; issued Whalley's News Letter a libellous weekly journal, from 1714; published astrological works.

[366] Peter Whalley (1722–1791), author and editor; educated at Merchant Taylors School, 1731-40; fellow of St. John's College, Oxford. 17,. t; ROL* 17*8; ter in NorthanpUNUhlre and . trMfc _ 1760-76:" rector of He Gabriel FenIxindon. 1766-91, an; John Bridges (1666-1724) (q. T. Northampton- bin, colectloni, 1762-91. and Ben JonWs Work*, 1 17M: wrote into the Learning of Shakespeare 1748: died at Oiteud.

[367] Richard Whalley (1499J-1683). politician: .,-:. i!,......I. -...,- -r:.IT,....,.:.,J...... 1539; jointrsteward to Protector fiomrnet; M4.. hear borough, 1547: crown receiver for Yorkehire. 1547-51: oorornWlooer for appropriaton of pariah chantriem, 1547; granted crown land*, 1549; imprieooed M edhenot of Bomenet, 155 1; gave evidence egmiMt Homen wiU):..-. o stead, 1554. and KJlzabeth, 166li aj:, -,. by Queen Mary. 1553: M. P.. Beet linnNottinghamshire, 1555; granUd

[368] Thomas Sedgwick Whalley: and traveller: M.A. St. John's ( olUve. Cambridge, 1779; Hdinburgh, 1808; noa-roktent rector of Bag. wortliingham. Unoolnshire. 177S-1838; pnbeodary of Wells, 1777-1826; lived chiefly on contiiMnt, 17W-1808 18; published venea, 1779-97, and a tragedy. 1781; died at La Kit-cue: part of his journak and rorrepondencc published, 1861.

[369] Baroxh Wharncliffe . Sea 8rrART-WoiTunr- Jam Mackexzik ARCIIIBAU), flrst BAROIT, 1776–184*; Stuart - WORTUCY, Jonx, second BAKOX, 1801–1855.

[370] Anne Wharton (1632?-1685 X poeteaa: mfrlet: married Thomas Wharton (afterwards first MarquU of Wharton), 1673: wrote metrical paraphraM of Lamentations of Jeremiah and other verse,

[371] Edward Ross Whartof (1844–1896), philotogw and genealogist; of Charterhouse, London, and Trinity College, Oxford: Ireland scholar: fellow of Jems College. Oxford, 1868-90; M.A., 1870: published Etyma Grwoa 1882, Etyma Latina 1890. anl translation* from elastics; his manuscript history of the family of Wharton in Bodleian Library.

[372] Wharton Sin GEORGE, flrst baronet (1617–1681), astrologer; studied astronomy and mathematics at Oxford, 1633: published almanac under anagram of George Naworth, 1641-4, and under his own name, 164*, 1647,: iii..- tolMMi rtv Irhr, n,,.::. -. a : bora EorOtertai, of England from 1600: raised troop c of Itorso; 1642: defeated at Stow-on-tbe-Wold, 1643; paymaster to captain of bone, 1645; beg) pamphlet war with other almanac- r Charles I's artillery. 1644; pamphlet war with other almanac-makers, 1645: pubIbhed Bellum Hybernicale... AstrotogioaUy demonstrated 1646-7: Issued in London weekly sheet Mercurius Etenchicus ridiculing parliament, 1647; imprisoned, 1649-50: paymaster of ordnance office, 1660-81: published his Poems 1661; created baronet, 1677; prose works published, 1683.

[373] George Wharton (1688–1739), physician ; M.D. Cambridge, 1719: P.IUC.P 1720; censor, 1715, 1729, 1732, and 1734; treasurer, 1727-39.

[374] Henry Wharton (1664–1695), divine and author: scholar of Galas College, Cambridge, 1680-7; MJL, 1687; literary assistant to Dr. William Gave q. v.L 1686-7; chaplain to William Sancroft, the archbishop, 1 1693: rector of Minster and of Chartham, leS-iT: pablished, among other works,Treatise of Celibacy of Clergy 1688, * Anglla Sacra(lives of Bogliah preUtes to 15401 1691,Specimen of Errorsin Hurnct'sHistory of the Reformation 1693, History of Dr. WllL Laud 1695; his large manuscript collections In Lambeth Library.

[375] Hbnry Thornton Wharton (1 846–1895 X physician and scholar; brother of Edward Row Wharton fq.r.: MJL Wedham College, Oxford, 1874: published work on Sappho (text, memoir, selected renderings, and translation), (885.

[376] John Wharton or Warton (fl. 1575–1578), puritan writer; censured popularity of Chaucer's poems in preface to Jud Smith's A misticall deuise (1575); published metrical satire, Whartons Dreame (1578); other writings lost.

[377] Philip Wharton, fourth Baron Wharton (1613-1096), fiuoceeled bis RandfattMT in barony, IGL'5; entered EM-UT (1 !.-., Oxford, 1026; headul Yorkshire opposition to court exactions, 1G40; commissioner to treat with Scots at Rlpon, 1640; champion of the popular party in the Lords, Long parliament, 1640; parliamentary lord-lieutenant of Lancashire and Buckingham, 1642: abandoned soldiering on his regiment being routed at Edgehill, 1642; member of committee of both kingdoms; lay member of Westminster Assembly, 1643; adopted independent views; voted for self-denying ordinance and creation of new-model army; commissioner to treat with Scots, 1645; declined all share in public affairs during Commonwealth and protectorate; coldly treated at Restoration; opposed Conventicle Act, 1670, and the proposed non-resistance oath, 1675; prisoner in Tower of London for censuring prolonged prorogation of parliament, 1677; retired abroad, 1685; strenuously supported William of Orange, 1688-9; opposed proposed abjuration oath, 1690.

[378] Philip Wharton , DUKE OF WHARTON (1698–1731), only son of Thomas Wharton, first marquis of Wharton; god-son of William III; styled Viscount Winchendon, 1706-15: succeeded to marquisate, 1715; visited Pretender at Avignon and Marie Beatrix at St. Germain, 1716; took seat in Irish house of lords, 1717; created Duke of Wharton, 1718; patron of the turf; president of * Hell-fire Club (royal proclamation for its suppression issued, 1721); took seat in House of Lords, 1719; vigorously opposed extension of South Sea Company's charter, 1720, and attainder of Francis Atterbury , 1723; sold his estates and pictures, 1723-30; adopted, at Vienna, 1726, cause ofJames IIIand was createdDuke of Northumberland at Madrid, 1726, urged Spanish descent in favour of Stuarts, and embraced Roman Catholicism; visited Rome, 1726; served against Gibraltar, 1727, and received colonelcy of a Spanish regiment: outlawed, 1729; died in Catalonia; his writings published, 1731-2.

[379] Philip Wharton (pseudonym). See John Cockburn THOMSON,

[380] Thomas Wharton , first BARON WHARTON (1495 V-1568), served against Scots, 1522; knighted, c. 1527; high sheriff of Cumberland, 1529, 1535, and 1539; constantly employed in commissions on border affairs from 1531; supported Henry VIII against northern insurgents, 1536; employed to visit Cumberland monasteries, 1537; deputy-warden of west marches, 1537-49; captain of Carlisle, 1541; M.P., Cumberland, 1542; led raids into Scotland, 1542-3, and inflicted on Scots defeat of Sol way Moss; created Baron Wharton by patent, 1544; led raids into Scotland, 1547-8; incurred blood-feud with Scottish Maxwells by hanging their hostages, 1548; disapproved of the changes in religion, 1549; commissioner to treat with Scote, 1550; voted for execution of Somerset, 1551; deputy-warden of the three marches, 1553, and of east and middle marches only, 1553-68.

[381] Thomas Wharton , second BARON WHARTON (1620-1572), son of Thomas Wharton, first baron Wharton; served against Scots: knighted, 1545; M.P., Cumberland, 1545-53, Hedon, 1554, Northumberland, 1566, Yorkshire, 1558; high sheriff of Cumberland, 1547; steward to Princess Mary, 1552; granted crown lands, 1553; privy councillor, 1553-9; imprisoned as recusant, 1561; succeeded to barony, 1568.

[382] Thomas Wharton (1614–1673), physician ; studied at Cambridge, 1638, and Oxford; M.D. Oxford, 1647; P.R.C.P., 1650, censor, 1658, 1661, 1666, 1667, 1668, and 1673; physician to St. Thomas's Hospital, 1659-73, residing in London throughout the plague, 1665-6; discovered the sub-maxillary (Wharton's) gland; published, 1656, * Adenographia a description of the glands.

[383] Thomas Wharton , first MARQUIS OP WHARTON (1648-1716), statesman; son of Philip Wharton, fourth baron Wharton; brought up in puritanical fashion; travelled, 1663-4; M.P., Wendover, 1673-9, and Buckinghamshire, 1679-96; leading patron of the turf, 16731706; supported Exclusion Bill, 1679-80; opposed settling revenues for life on James II, 1685; publishedLilli Burlero, Bullen-a-la 1687, set to a quick step by Purcell; joined William of Orange at Exeter, 1688: voted for declaring throne vacant, 1689; comptroller of the housebold, 1689-1702; succeeded to barony, 1696; lord-lieu tenant of Oxfordshire, 1G97, and of Buckinghamshire, 17H- 1; fiitcrtiiined William III at Wooburn, 1698; dismi.-ul from his posts by Queen Anne, 1702; opposed Occasional Conformity Bill, 1703-4: involved in controversy with Commons over Aylcsbury franchise case, 1703-5; spared no cost to return wings to parliament, 1705-10; commissioner for union with Scotland, 1706; created Earl of Wharton, 1706: as lord-lieutenant of Ireland, 1708-10, took Joseph Addison as his sem-tary, refused to have Jonathan Swift as chaplain, and Kttled Palatinate refugees in Ireland; urged prosecution of Henry SachevereU, 1710; led opposition to tory government, 1710-14, advocating help for distressed Catalans, censuring treaty of Utrecht, and opposing Schism Bill, 1714; joined whig leaders in forcibly taking seat at privy council and proclaiming George I, 1714: created Marquis of Oatherlough in Irish, and Marquis, of Wharton in British, peerage, 1715.

[384] Richard Whately (1787–1863), archbishop of Dublin; fellow of Oriel College, Oxford, 1811-22; M.A., 1812; tutor; D.D., 1825; published Historic Doubts relative to Napoleon Buonaparte 1819, ridiculing David Hume's arguments; edited anti - Calvinistic treatise on predestination, 1821; published sermons, 1821-60; Bampton lecturer, 1822, on * Party Feeling in Matters of Religion; rector of Halesworth, Suffolk, 1822-5; principal of St. Alban Hall, 1825-31; supposed to be author of anti-Erastian Letters on Church of England by an Episcopalian 1826; published Logic (a treatise restricting the scope of logic to deduction merely), 1826, Rhetoric 1828, Errors of Romanism,* 1830; Drummond professor of political economy, 1829j 1831, publishing his Introductory Lectures; archI bishop of Dublin, 1831-63: presided over commissions to I administer united national education in protestant I and Roman catholic schools, 1831-53, and wrote scripj tural manuals for that purpose; founded political economy chair in Trinity College, Dublin, 1832; spoke and wrote against transportation, 1832-40; presided over commission on condition of Irish poor, 1833-6; voted for repeal of religious tests, 1833-53; wrote primers of mental, moral, and economic science for use in Irish schools, 1837-59; disapproved of Tithe Commutation Act, 1838; wrote against Ideal of a Christian Church," 1844, by William George Ward; voted for Maynooth grant, 1845; contributed munificently to Irish famine fund, 1847; edited Edward Oopleston's Remains 1854, Bacon's Essays 1856, and other works; published Lectures on... Scripture Parables 1857, and other expository treatises.

[385] Thomas Whately (d. 1772), politician and literary student; M.P., Ludgershall, Wiltshire, 1761-8, Castle Rising, 1768-72; secretary to treasury under George Grenville, 1764-5; under-secretary of state under Lord North, 1771-2; published pamphlets on national finance, 1765-9, and Observations on Modern Gardening 1770; his Remarks on Shakespeare's characters of Macbeth and Richard III, published, 1785.

[386] William Whately (1583–1639), puritan divine: B.A. Christ's College, Cambridge, 1601; M.A. St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, 1604: vicar of Banbury, 16101639; published devotional tracts, 1606-37; provoked much censure by his tract,A Bride-Bvsh 1619, allowing adultery or desertion to be valid ground of divorce.

[387] William Robert Whatton (1790–1835), surgeon and antiquary; F.R.C.S., 1810: surgeon to Royal Infirmary, Manchester; F.S.A.; F.R.S., 1834; advocated a university forManchester, 1829; wrote papers on armorial bearings of Manchester and a history of Manchester grammar school and the Chetham Library.

[388] Degory Wheare (1573–1647), historian : M.A. Broadgates Hall, Oxford, 1600; fellow of Exeter College, Oxford, 1602-8; travelled as tutor; first Camden professor of history, Oxford, 1622-47; principal of Gloucester Hall, Oxford, 1626-47; published, among other works, * De Ratioue... Legendi Historias 1623.

[389] Benjamin Robert Wheatley (1819–1834), bibliographer; catalogued many public and private libraries, including that of Athenaeum Club, 1843; indexed many books, including Journal of Statistical Society; librarian of Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society, 1855-84.

[390] Wheatley Mits. CLARA MARIA (. 1838 1 See Pope.

[391] Francis Wheatlet (1747–1801), (winter of . portrait groups, landsmpes, and some* from daily or p.-.nunt lit,-; first exhibited in London, 1766; tim.Ahihited at Royal Academy, 1778: raided li and exhibited there, 1779-81; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1784-1801; aJL, 1791: copied Greuxe's mannerisms,

[392] William Op Wheatley (. 1SU).

[393] Charles Weeatlt (1086–1742), divine ; edurated at Mercliant TaylorsSchool, 1699-1706: feUow o( St. John's College, Oxford, 1707-13: M.A. lecturerin various London churches, 1717-24: vicar -42: put trinal trncU. and, 1710, a popular Book of Common l*rayer. commentary on the III LX.4M

[394] Sir Charles Wheatstone (1802–1876), man of science and inventor; musical-Instrument maker in London, 1823; presented to the Royal Society a memoir explaining Chladnl's Figure* 1833: professor of experimental ph;,-,-,K.,,-- DOM, 1,-niuM. If*; fJUC vSt{ h-.n. D.C.L. Oxford, 1862; hon. LL.D. Cambridge, 1864: knighted, 1868; experimented, c. 1*23,.... light: suggested the stereoscope, and, 1833, spectrum with (Sir) analysis: collaborated Cooke in graph and i William Fothergill proving electric tele important improvements in submarine telegraphy, magneto-electrical machines (dy nA.mrvi V Htfft * U rPIWMI t Of Gtootrlc&l fOFCC ftttl sUltOtDfttiC ally recording instruments.

[395] Daniel Wheeler (1771–1840), qnaker nrseionary: apprentice on merchantman, 1783; midshipman, royal navy, 1781; served in army, 1790-6; joined quakers, 1798; accepted as quaker minister, 1816; manager of Russian imperial farms at Ochta, 1818-28, and Shoosharry, 1828-31, occasionally visiting England: made missionary voyage in Polynesia and Australasia, 1833-8, and missionary tour in North America, 1839: died at New York: his Letters and Journals published, 1835- 9: Memoirs by his son, 1842.

[396] Sir Hugh Massy Wheeler (1789–1867), majorgeneral, Indian army: ensign, 1803: lieutenant-colonel, 1835; brigadier, 1845; K.O.B., 1850; major-general, 1854; served with distinction in Afghan war, 1838-9, and Sikh wars, 1845-9; in command at Cawnpore, 1856; failed to appreciate gravity of impending mutiny, 1857, and to make sufficient preparations for defence of European non-combatants; capitulated on terms, after brave defence; murdered in the first massacre.

[397] Jamk Wheeler 8 TALBOYS (1824–1897), historian of India: bookseller in Oxford: issued summaries of ancient and scripture history and of Herodotean geography, 1848-55; employed to report on government records at Madras, 1860; assistant-secretary in the foreign department at Calcutta, 1862; secretary at Rangoon, 1870-3; reported on the records in the home and foreign department* at Calcutta from 1876; retired, 1891. His works on Indian history include History of Madras (1639-1748V 1860-2, * History of India 1867-81, and Mahratta States (1627 to 1858V 1878.

[398] John Wheeler (Jl. 1601–1608), secretary of Merchant AdventurersCompany; publishedTreatise of Commerce 1601, and Lawes... of... Merchantes Adventurers of... England 1608.

[399] Maurice Wheeler ( 1648?-1727), divine; chaplain of Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1670; rector of St. Ebbe's, Oxford, 1670-80: master of Gloucester Cathedral School, 1684-1708; prebendary of Lincoln, 1708: benefioed in Northamptonshire, 1680-1727; published "The Oxford Almanac for 1673

[400] Thom As Wheeler ( 1754-1 847), botanist: student at St. Thomas's Hospital, London. 1767; curator of Society of ApothecariesGarden, Chelsea, 1778-1820; apothecary to Christ's Hospital, London, 1800, and St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, 1806-30.

[401] Abraham Wheelocke, Wheelocke , WHELOCKE, WHELock or WHELOC, (1593–1653), linguist;

[402] Beaehy Head, 169o.aad BarUral. 16M: failed in attsoiDU on and Canada, 16tt; COUTC l..M; with most of his fleet, la hurricane off Malaga. fix 4441

[403] Wheler 8m OBOROB (1660–1723), traveller: M.A. Lincoln College, Oxford, 1681: D.D., 1702; ttodeot Middle Temple, 1671: travelled in France and Italy, 16731675, and in Greece and Levant, 1676-6, ooUectlng planu. coins, clawlcal manuseripta, and antique marble*: poblished hisJourney Into Greece 1682: knighted, 1682; canon of Durham, 1684; rector of UoughUm-le-8pring, Lff Mi

[404] Granville Wheler (1701–1770), son of Sir George Wheler; rector of Leake, Nottinghamshire; F.R.S., 1728; experimented in electricity.

[405] Robert Bell Wheler (1785–1857), antiquary; solicitor of Stratford -on- A von; published * History and Antiquities of 1806, andGuide to Btratford-on-Avoo. 1814, and Account of Birthplace of Shakespeare 1829; his collections now in Birthplace Museum.

[406] Roger Whelpdals (f. 1423), bishop of OarUsle : fellow, e. 1402, and provost, 1404-21, of Queen's College, Oxford; bishop of Carlisle, 1420: heqncatnert books to Bulliol and Queen's Colleges, Oxford.

[407] Jidward Whetenhall (1636–1711), See

[408] John Whethamstede or Bostock ( 1465), abbot of St Albans; became monk at St. Albans after 1401: prior of Gloucester College, Oxford, where he afterwards built library and chapel: D.D.: in first abbacy. 1420-40, repaired conventual buildingK, and was involved in many lawsuits; attended council at Pa via, 1421; friend of Humphrey, duke of Gloucester; in i abbacy, 1451-05, built the library at St. Alb Granarium de vlris illustrlbus (partially turgid official letters, and doggerel Latin ven

[409] George Whetstone (H44T-W87?), author; spent his patrimony in riotous living; served in Low Countries against Spaniards, 1572-4; prefixed commendatory Terns to George Gascoigne's Flowers 1575; published Rocke of Regard, tales in prose and verse drawn from Italian, interspersed with poems addressed to friends, 1576; published Remembraunce, obituary panegyric, on George Gascoigne, 1577, followed by others on Sir Nich. Bacon, 1579, Sir James Dier and Thomas Radcliffe, earl of Sussex, 1583, Francis, earl of Bedford, 1586, and Sir Philip Sidney, 1587: published in miscellanies, 1577 and 1578; published, 1578, Promos and Casflandra, a play in rhymed verse (never acted), the plot of which closely membte. Shakesneare's Measure for Measure; sailed dland voyage, 1578-9; Humphrey Gilbert's Newfc. _. visited Italy, 1580; published An Heptameron of Ciulll Discounes 1582 (prose tales adapted from GlrakU Cinthio), A Mlrour for Mage.tr.teV wit& d-crlptjons of tow Utein London, 1584, and The honorable Reputation of a ~~; 1586, a collection of military anecdotes; served in Holland, 1585-6, taking part in the action at Zutphen; jpaWUbed 'The Enguah Myrror 1686, containing In second part notices of conspiracies against Queen Elisabeth, and The %ot?$!Mi,TtUw* on the Babington conspiracy. **!

[410] Sir William Whetstonr (d. 1711), rear-admiral; captain, 1689: rear-admiral in West Indies i;,,, 3,:, I,,,,,,. l, 1 l.,,.,...:.!-.. K.-.tM. IT,:,: cashiered for allowing convoy to be captured by M. de Forbin, the privateer, 1707.

[411] William Whewell (1794–1866), master of Trinity College, Cambridge; schoolfellow at Lancaster grammar school of Sir Richard Owen, the naturalist; exhibitioner of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1812; second wrangler and second Smith's prizeman, 1816; fellow, 1817; tutor, 1823-38; learned German thoroughly and helped to introduce the analytical methods of continental mathematicians; published treatises on Mechanics 1819, and Dynamics 1823; F.R.S., 1820; went summer tours, 1820-1831 resulting in Architectural Notes on German Churches 1830 (enlarged, 1835); P.G.S., 1827, and president, 1837-8; professor of mineralogy, Cambridge, 1828-1833; wrote in 1830 Astronomy and General Physics considered with reference to Natural Theology, the first of the Bridgewater Treatises (published, 1833); published in the Royal Society's Transactions fourteen laborious memoirs on tides, 1833-50; frequently attended British Association meetings, 1832-62; engaged in controversy with Sir William Hamilton as to value of mathematical training, 1836-7; published History of the Inductive Sciences 1837, and Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences 1840; Knightbridge professor of moral philosophy, 1838-65, publishing Lectures on that subject. 1841-52; master of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1841-66; vice-chancellor of Cambridge University, 1843 and 1856; secured election of Prince Consort as chancellor of Cambridge University, 1847, and the institution of moral sciences and natural sciences triposes, 1848; published (anonymously) treatise denying probability of Plurality of Worlds 1853; enlarged buildings of Trinity College, Cambridge; founded professorship and scholarships for international law; published and edited many other works in natural and mathematical science, philosophy, and theology, and sermons. In philosophy he championed the old-fashioned form of intuitionism against John Stuart Mill.

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