Wikipedia:WikiProject Missing encyclopedic articles/DNB Epitome 05

This listing page belongs to Wikipedia:WikiProject Dictionary of National Biography, spun out of the “missing article” project, and is concerned with checking whether Wikipedia has articles for all those listed in the Dictionary of National Biography (DNB), a 63-volume British biographical dictionary published 1885-1900 and now in the public domain. This page relates to volume 5 running from name Bicheno to name Bottisham.

Scope of the subproject:

It is envisaged that the following work will be done:

Checks made that links on this page point to a wikipedia article about the same person;
Addition of new articles for all red-links based on DNB text;
Checking whether blue-linked articles would benefit from additional text from DNB.

Listings are posted as bulleted lists, with footnotes taken from the DNB summaries published in 1904. The listings and notes are taken from scanned text that is often corrupt and in need of correction. Not all the entries on the list correspond to actual DNB articles; some are “redirects” and there are a few articles devoted to families rather than individuals.

If you are engaged in this work you will probably find quite a number of unreferenced articles among the blue links. You are also encouraged to mention the DNB as a reference on such articles whenever they correspond to the summary, as part of the broader campaign for good sourcing. A suggested template is {{DNB}}.

Locating the full text:

DNB text is now available on Wikisource for all first edition articles, on the page s:Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Vol 5 Bicheno - Bottisham. Names here are not inverted, as they are in the original: Joe Bloggs would be found at Wikisource s:Bloggs, Joe (DNB00). The text for the first supplement is available too: NB that this Epitome listing includes those supplement articles also.

List maintenance and protocols:

List maintenance tasks are to check and manipulate links in the list with piping or descriptive parenthetical disambiguators, and to mark list entries with templates to denote their status; whilst as far as possible retaining the original DNB names:

piping: [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot, 1st Baron Colchester|Charles Abbot]]
descriptive parenthetical disambiguators [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot (botanist)]]
both combined [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot (botanist)|Charles Abbot]]

The work involves:

Checking that bluelinks link to the correct person; if so, {{tick}} them. If not, try to find the correct article and pipe or disambiguate the link.
Check whether redlinks can be linked to an article by piping or disambiguation.
Create articles based on the DNB text for redlinks for which no wikipedia article can be found
Check whether existing blue-linked articles could benefit from an input of DNB text (e.g. the article is a stub), and if so, update the article from DNB

A number of templates are provided to mark-up entries:

{{mnl}} the link runs to a wrong person; - produces the text: ^{[link currently leads to a wrong person]}. It is preferable to amend the link by adding a disambiguator to make it red, if an article for the correct person cannot be found
{{dn}} the link runs to a dab page - produces the text ^{[disambiguation needed]}. It is preferable to amend the link by adding a disambiguator to make it red, if an article for the correct person cannot be found
{{tick}} the link has been checked and runs to the correct person - Y
{{tick}} {{tick}} the text of the linked article has been checked against DNB text and would not benefit from additional DNB text - Y Y
{{tick}} {{cross}} the text of the linked article looks short enough to suggest it would benefit from additional DNB text - Y N

Note that before creating new articles based on DNB text you should undertake searches to check that the article's subject does not already have an article. It is easily possible that the disambiguation used in this page is not the disambiguation used in an existing wikipedia article. Equally, feel free to improve upon the disambiguation used in redlinks on this page by amending them.

Supplement articles:

Because of the provenance of the listing, a number of the original articles will not in fact be in the announced volume, but in one of the three supplement volumes published in 1901. Since the DNB did not include articles about living people, this will be the case whenever the date of death is after the publication date of the attributed volume. In due course there will be a separate listing.

General thoughts:

This project is intended as a new generation in “merging encyclopedias”, as well as being one of the most ambitious attempted. For general ideas of where we are, and some justification of the approach being taken, see the essay Wikipedia:Merging encyclopedias.

Helpful access templates:

helpful templates

There are two templates to help link to the correct page: {{Cite DNBIE}} and {{DNBIE}}. The page number automatically link to the correct url for the page at the Internet Archive site.

{{Cite DNBIE|title=Dove, John|page=358}}

Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

and

{{DNBIE|title=Dove, John|page=358}}

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

if a wstitle= parameter is used in place of title= then the templates also link the DNB article on Wikisource:

{{cite DNBIE|wstitle=Dove, John (d.1665?)|page=358}}

Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John (d.1665?)". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

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^ James Ebenezer Bicheno (1785–1861), statesman; called to bar at Middle Temple, 1822; joined Oxford circuit; F.L.S., 1812, and secretary, 1824-32; published Ireland and its Economy 1830: member of commission to investigate condition of poor in Ireland, c. 1833: colonial secretary in Van Diemeu's Laud, 1842, where he died; wrote works on economic and scientific subjects.
^ William Bickerstaff (1728–1789), antiquary ; under-master of Lower Free grammar school, Leicester, 1750; held successively various curacies in Leicestershire; contributed papers on antiquarian subjects to Gentleman's Magazine
^ Isaac Bickerstaffe (d. 1812?), dramatic writer; page to Lord Chesterfield, when lord lieutenant of Ireland; produced between 1756 and 1771 many successful dramatic pieces, including Love in a Village (1762); fled abroad, being suspected of a capital crime, 1772; died abroad in degraded circumstances.
^ Edward Bickersteth (1786–1850), evangelical divine; received appointment in General Post Office, c. 1800; in partnership with his brother-in-law, a solicitor at Norwich, 1812; abandoned practice of law, and was ordained; one of secretaries of Church Missionary Society, 1816-30, during which time he travelled asdeputation; assistant minister of Wheler Episcopal Chapel, Spitalfields; rector of Watton, Hertfordshire, 1830. Took an active part in opposing the Tractarian movement; one of the founders of the Parker Society and of the Irish Church Missions Society; frequently acted as deputation for Society for Conversion of Jews, and other religious associations. His works include Help to Studying the Scriptures and Christian Psalmody a collection of over seven hundred hymns.
^ Edward Bickersteth (1814–1892), dean of Lichfield; M.A. Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, 1839; D.D., 1864; vicar of Aylesbury and archdeacon of Buckinghamshire, 1853; honorary canon of Christ Church, Oxford, 1866; dean of Lichfield, 1875; during several years prolocutor over lower house of convocation of Canterbury; published religious writings 1897), ??bishop of
^ Edward Bickersteth (1850) South Tokyo, Japan; B.A. Pembroke College, Cambridge, 1873; fellow, 1875; M.A., 1876; ordained deacon, 1873; priest, 1874; head of Cambridge mission to Delhi, 18771882; rector of Framlingham, 1882; bishop of South Tokyo, Japan, 1886.
^ Henry Bickersteth, Baron Langdale (1783-1861), master of rolls, brother of Edward Bickersteth (1786-1850); studied medicine in London and Edinburgh: Hewitt scholar, Oaius College, Cambridge, 1802; senior wrangler and senior Smith's mathematical prizeman, 1808; B.A. and fellow; called to bar at Inner Temple, 1811; bencher, 1827; M.A., 1811; gave valuable evidence before commission on procedure of court of chancery, 1824: K.C., 1827; sworn privy councillor, apjiointed master of rolls, and created Baron Langdale of Langdale. Westmoreland, 1836; temporarily speaker of House of Lords, 150; head of commission entrusted with seal, 1850.
^ Robert Bickersteth (1816–1884), bishop of Ripon; graduated at Queens' College, Cambridge, 1841; lion, secretary of Irish Church Missions, 1860; canon iv-i.lontiary nnd treasurer, Salisbury Cathedral, 1864; bishop of Ripon, 1857; gained considerable reputation as evangelical preacher,
^ Sir Richard Bickerton (1727–1792), vice-admiral; entered navy, 1739; lieutenant in West Indies, 17461748; post-captain in Mediterranean, 1759, West Indies, and Channel, 1761; knighted, 1773; baronet, 1778; assisted in second relief of Gibraltar, 1781; commodore of first class in East Indies, 1782-4: commander-in-chief at Leeward Islands, 178C-7; rear-admiral, 1787; vice-admiral, 1790; port-admiral at Plymouth till death.
^ Sir Richard Hussey Bickerton (1759–1832), admiral: son of Sir Richard Bickerton; entered navy, 1771; lieutenant, 1777; commander, 1779; in Channel, 1779-80, West Indies, 1781 and 1787-90, and Channel, 1793-4, West Indies and Newfoundland, 1794, North Sea, 1795, and Channel, 1797-9; rear-admiral, 1799; served at Cadiz and on Egyptian coast; commauder-inchief in Mediterranean; second in command under Nelson, 1804-5; admiral, 1810; commander-in-chief at Portsmouth, 1812; K.C.B., 1815; general of marines, 1830.
^ George Bickham , the younger (d. 1758), engraver; son of George Bickham (d. 1769); published essay on drawing, also humorous and other engravings.
^ George Bickham , the elder (f. 1769), writing master and engraver; published portraits, engravings, and (1743) The Universal Penman
^ Thomas Bickley (1518–1596), bishop of Chichester; chorister in free school of Magdalen College, Oxford; fellow, 1541; one of Edward VI's chaplains at Windsor; retired to France during Mary's reign; chancellor in Lichfield Cathedral and warden of Merton College, Oxford, after Elizabeth's accession; bishop of Chichester, 1585.
^ Alexander Bicknell (d. 1796), author; published works, including fiction and histories, between 1777 and 1785.
^ Elhanan Bicknell (1788–1861), patron of art : collected, between 1838 and 1850, at his residence at Herne Hill, Surrey, many valuable pictures by masters of the modern British school.
^ Herman Bicknell (1830–1875), author, orientalist, and traveller; son of Elhanan Bicknell; educated at Paris, Hanover, University College, and St. Bartholomew's Hospital; graduated at College of Surgeons, 1854; military surgeon in Hong Kong, 1865, India, 1856-60, and at Aldershot; resigned commission, and devoted himself to languages and to travelling in all parts of the world. Translations from Hafiz by him were published posthumously.
^ M--- Bicknell (1695?–1723), actress; first heard of as playing at the Haymarket in Cibber's Careless Husband 1706; at Drury Lane, from 1708 to 1721, when she was the original Lady Wrangle in Cibber's Refusal; last appeared, 1723.
^ Alexander Bicknor or Bykenore (d. 1349) archbishop of Dublin; prebendary of Maynooth and treasurer of Ireland; elected archbishop of Dublin, 1310, but his election set aside by Edward II; consecrated, 1317; lord justice of Ireland, 1318; went on embassies to i France. 1323 and 1324; joined conspiracy formed in I France to overthrow the Despensers; sided with Queen Isabella against Edward II, 1326; papal collector, 1330: during last years of his life, engaged in dispute with archbishop of Armagh concerning primacy of Ireland; , founded college in St. Patrick's Church, 1320.
^ George Parker Bidder (1806–1878), engineer; exhibited, when very young, by his father as acalculating phenomenon; educated at Edinburgh; took to engineering, and became associated with Robert Stephenson in London and Birmingham railway, 1834; obtained work in connection with parliamentary committees; a founder of the Electric Telegraph Company. His constructive works include the Victoria Docks, London. I
^ John Biddle (1615–1662), Unitarian : M.A. Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1641; master of free school of St. Marvle-rypt, Gloucester; imprisoned in Gloucester by parliamentary commissioners, his religious views being called in question, but released on bail, 1 045; brought before parliamentary commission at Vist minster, ami. having published works refuting Godhead of Holy Spirit, was remanded to prison, 1647; liberated on bail, but soon afterwards again confined in Newgate; released by decree of oblivion, 1652; published A Two-fold Catechism 1654, and was imprisoned in Gatehouse, 1654-5; became entangled in dispute with a baptist pastor, and was exiled to Scilly Islands, 1655-8; released, but rearrested; subsequently died from disease contracted in prison. His controversial writings attracted considerable attention.
^ Sir George Biddlecombe (1807–1878), captain and author: midshipman in mercantile marine, 1823; second master in royal navy, 1833: in active service, and engaged in naval surveys, c. 1828-64; master attendant at Woolwich yard, 1864-8; staff -captain and C.B., 1867: knighted, 1873; published works relating to naval matters.
^ Sir Thomas Myddleton Biddulph (1809–1878), general; lieutenant, 1829; master of Queen Victoria's household, 1851; colonel, 1854; K.C.B., 1863; keeper of Queen Victoria's privy purse, 1867: lieutenant-general, 1873; brevet-general and privy councillor, 1877.
^ Thomas Tregenna Biddulph (1763–1838), evangelical divine; M.A. Queen's College, Oxford, 1787; incumbent of Bengeworth, near Evesham, 1793-1803, and of St. James's, Bristol, 1799-1838; published theological works.
^ John Bidgood (1624–1690), physician ; educated at Exeter College, Oxford; Petreian fellow, 1642: bachelor of physic, 1648; excluded from fellowship by parliamentarian visitors, 1649-60; M.D. Padua; practised at Chard and subsequently at Exeter; incorporated M.D. Oxford, 1660; F.C.P., 1686.
^ John Bidlake (1755–1814), divine and poet; M.A. and D.D. Christ Church, Oxford, 1808; minister at Stonehouse; chaplain to prince regent and Duke of Clarence; Bampton lecturer, 1811; afflicted with blindness, 1811; published religious and poetical works.
^ John Carne Bidwill (1815–1853), botanist and traveller; became merchant at Sydney, New South Wales; accompanied exploring expeditions in New Zealand and made several botanical discoveries; contributed to the Gardener's Chronicle.
^ Sarah Biffin or Beffin (1784–1850), miniature painter; born without arms or legs, but contrived to use pencil and paintbrush with her mouth; travelled about the country exhibiting her powers, 1812; received medal from Society of Artists, 1821.
^ Nicholas Bifield (1579–1622).
^ John Stanyan Bigg (1828–1866), poet and journalist; publishedThe Sea King a metrical romance, 1848; edited in Ireland Downshire Protestant; returned and became editor and proprietor of Olverston Advertiser 1860-5. His most important poem, Night and the Soul (1854), shows that his sympathies were with theSpasmodic School
^ William Redmore Bigg (1765–1828), painter ; pupil of Edward Penny, R.A.; entered Academy schools, 1778; R.A., 1814.
^ Joseph gillis Biggar (1828–1890), Irish politician; provision merchant at Belfast, 1861-80; town councillor, 1871; chairman of Belfast water commission; joined Isaac Butt's Home Rule Association, 1870; M.P. for co. Cavan, 1874 till death; joined Irish Republican Brotherhood (the Fenians), 1876, and became member of supreme council, but was expelled from the body, 1877, for refusing to sever his connection with the parliamentary movement; treasurer of land league, 1879; opposed Gladstone's Irish policy, 1880-1; suspended for disorderly conduct, 1881: he was one of the Irish politicians whose conduct was investigated during the Paniell commission, 1887; he adopted, with considerable success, from 1876, a policy of parliamentaryobstruction
^ John Bigland (1760–1832), schoolmaster and author; village schoolmaster; published Reflections on Resurrection and Ascension of Christ 1803; adopted literary profession and published series of popular works connected chiefly with geography and history,
^ Ralph Bigland (1711-17H4), Garter king-of-arms ; blue mantle, College of Arms, 1757; Somerset and registrar, 1763; Norroy king-of-arms, 1773; Clarenceux, 1774; Garter king-of-arms, 1780; made collections for history of Gloucestershire.
^ Henry Bignell (1611–1660?), divine; B.A. St. Mary's Hall, Oxford; rector, 1646, of St. Peter-le-Bayly, Oxford, whence he was ejected for scandalous conduct.
^ Bignell Mas. (1695?–1723).
^ Sir Francis Bigod or Bygod (1508–1537), rebel ; knighted, c. 1629; educated at Oxford; in Cardinal Wolsey's service, 1627: employed under Thomas Cromwell in advancing Henry VIII's reforms in Yorkshire; hanged for heading insurrection at Beverley in connection with Pilgrimage of Grace.
^ Hugh Bigod , first EARL of NORFOLK (d. 1176 or 1177), second son of Roger Bigod (d. 1107); governor of Norwich till 1122; king's dapifer, 1123; took active part in rebellions against Henry I; Earl of Norfolk on Stephen's accession; held Norwich against Stephen, J 136; surrendered and was pardoned; fought under Stephen at Lincoln, 1141; joined Henry of Anjou's party and held Ipswich against Stephen, 1153, but escaped punishment on its fall; 1 showed signs of hostility to Henry II, but gave in his I submission, 1157; assisted prince Henry's rebellion against his father, 1173; submitted to Henry II, 1174; probably died in Holy Land, whither he had accompanied Philip of Flanders on pilgrimage.
^ Hugh Bigod (d. 1266), justiciar ; chief ranger of I Farndale forest, Yorkshire, 1255; chief justiciar, 1268-60; i keeper of Tower of London, 1258; governor of Dover ! Castle, 1258-61.
^ Roger Bigod , second EARL of NORFOLK (d. 1221), son of Hugh, first earl; steward of royal household under Richard I; ambassador to Philip of France to arrange crusade; justiciar after Richard's return; justice itinerant in Norfolk; enjoyed John's favour until 1213, when he was imprisoned; released and restored to favour; joined barons against John, 1215.
^ Roger Bigod , fourth EARL of NORFOLK (d. 1270), marshal of England; grandson of Roger Bigod, second earl; knighted, 1233; head of commission of justices itinerant in Essex and Hertfordshire, 1234; accompanied unsuccessful embassy to Lyons to protest against papal exactions, 1245; earl marshal, 1246: played prominent part in bringing forward Provisions of Oxford, 1268; supported Henry III against Simon de Montfort, 1269, but subsequently joined de Montfort's party.
^ Roger Bigod , fifth EARL of NORFOLK (1245–1306), marshal of England: son of Hugh Bigod (d. 1266); refused, with Earl of Hereford, to serve in Gascony unaccompanied by Edward I, 1297, and, on the king's departure to Flanders, protested in arms against taxation without national consent, Edward renouncing the right at Ghent, 1298; gave up marshal's rod, 1301.
^ John Jeremiah Bigsby (1792–1881), geologist ; M.D. Edinburgh, 1814; army medical officer at Cape, 1817; commissioned to report on geology of Upper Canada, 1819; British secretary and medical officer of Canadian boundary commission, 1822; fellow, Geological Society, 1823; F.R.S., 1869; practised medicine at Newark, 18271846, ami in London, 1846-81; published scientific and other writings.
^ Robert Bigsby (1806–1873), antiquary; educated for legal profession, but abandoned it and turned his attention to study and accumulation of antiquities, acquiring several curious relics of Sir Francis Drake; published historical, antiquarian, and other works,
^ Bilfrith (fi. 750), anchorite of Lindisfarne ; adorned with gold and gems the Durham Book a manuscript of the gospels now in Cottonian Library.
^ Robert Bill (1754–1827), inventor : educated for the army, but occupied himself with literary and scientific pursuits: originated improvements in domestic and other contrivances.
^ William Bill (d. 1561), dean of Westminster : BA. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1533; fellow, 1535; MA 1536; D.D. and master of his college, 1547: Linacre lecturer, 1547-9: vice-chancellor, 1549: master of Trinity and itineniry chaplain to the king, 1551; deprived of mastership by Mury, but reinstated, 1558; chief uluioner, 1554; fellow and provost of Eton College, 1559; prebendary of Lincoln 1659: on commission for revision of prayerbook, 1560; dean of Westminster, 1560.
^ Archibald Billing (1791–1881), physician; AB Trinity College. Dublin, 1811; M.D., 1818; incorporated M.D. Oxford? 1818; P.O.P., 1819, censor, College of Physicians, 1823, and councillor, 1852-5; physician to London Hospital, 1822-45; instituted clinical lectures in London, 1823; member of senate of London University. I.s36; F.K.S.: published medical works and a text-book on engraved gems, coins, and similar objects.
^ Sir Thomas Billing (d. 1481?), lawyer ; member of.ray's Inn; M.P. for London, 1448; recorder, 1451; serjeant-at-law, 1454; king's serjeant, 1458; knighted, r. 1 158; took part against the Lancastrians; judge of king's bench, 1464; chief- justice of king's bench, 1469 till death,
^ Richard Billingham or Bullingham (fl.–1350), schoolman; educated at Merton College, Oxford; concerned in riot occasioned by election to chancellorship of university, 1349.
^ Joseph Billings (6. 1758?), explorer ; sailed as A.B. under Captain Cook on his last voyage; lieutenant in Russian navy; commanded Russian exploring expedition to north-eastern parts of Asia, 1785, and was promoted successively captain-lieutenant, and captain of second and first class.
^ Robert William Billings (1813–1874), architect: employed in illustrating architectural works; published on his own account Architectural Antiquities of County of Durham (1846), Baronial and Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Scotland(1845-52), and other works; restored many important old buildings in England and Scotland,
^ Sir Henry Billingsley (d. 1606), lord mayor of London and first translator of Euclid into English; scholar of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1561; studied at Oxford; apprenticed to London liaberdasher; sheriff of London, 1584; lord mayor, 1596; knighted, c. 1597; M.P. for London, 1604; published, 1570, the first translation of Euclid into English.
^ John Blllingsley , the elder (1625–1684), nonconformist divine; educated at St. John's College, Cambridge; fellow of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1648; incorporated B.A., 1649: minister at Chesterfield: ejected, 1662, but continued to preach in private; published controversial and other religious works.
^ John Blllingsley , the younger (1657–1722), nonconformist divine; son of John Billingsley (16251684); educated at Trinity College, Cambridge; ministered successively at Chesterfield, Sheffield, Selston, Kingston-upon-Hull, and at Crutched Friars (1706); sided with opponents of subscription, 1719; published religious tracts,
^ Martin Billingsley (fl. 1618–1637), writing master, probably to Prince Charles; published The Pens Excellencie, or the Secretarys Delight 1618.
^ Nicholas Billingsley (1633–1709), poet and divine: educated at Eton and Merton College, Oxford; held living of Weobley: ejected, 1662: kept school at Abergavenny; received living of Blakeney in parish of Aw re, Gloucestershire, from which he was subsequently suspended; published religions poems.
^ Elizabeth Billington (1768–1818), singer; daughter of Carl Weichsel, a native of Freiberg, Saxony, principal oboist at the King's Theatre; studied music under her father and Schroeter: appeared at concert at Oxford, 1782: married James Billiugton, double bass player at Drury Lane, 1783: engaged at Covent Garden, 1786; received lessons from Sacchini at Paris, 1786, and later from Morelli, Pner, and Himmel: sang at Covent Garden, the concerts of ancient music, the oratorios, and Handel commemorations, till 1793: travelled on continent, where, on her husband's death, she married M. Felissent, a Frenchman, 1799; appeared, on alternate uitrhts, at Covent Garden and Drury Lane, iWll; sang at King's Theatre in Italian opera, 1802 till 1811, when she retired; one of England's greatest singers.
^ Thomas Billington (. 1852). harpsichord and singing master; brother-in-law of Elizabeth Billington; member of Royal Society of Musicians, 1777; published instrumental and other musical compositions.
^ William Billington (1827–1884), dialect writer; employed in cotton mills at Blackburn: published verse and prose writings in Lancashire dialect.
^ Thomas Bilney or Bylney (d. 1531), martyr; educated at Trinity Hall, Cambridge; LL.B.; gained friendship of Matthew Parker and Latimer; licensed to preach throughout diocese of Ely, 1525, and delivered many sermons against prayers to saints and image worship; arrested at instance of Wolsey and confined in Tower, 1527: persuaded to recant and released, 1529; preached in Norfolk, 1531; apprehended and subsequently burned at Bishopsgate. He maintained a consistent orthodoxy, after medieval standards, on the power of the pope and of the church, the sacrifice of the mass, and the doctrine of transubstantiation.
^ Thomas Bilson (1547–1616), bishop of Winchester; educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford; M.A., 1570; D.D., 1581; prebendary of Winchester, and warden of Winchester College, 1576; bishop of Worcester, 1596 and of Winchester, 1597; published religious works.
^ William Binckes (d. 1712), dean of Lichfield; B.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1674; fellow of Peterhouse; M.A., 1678: prebendary of Lincoln, 1683, and of Lichfield, 1697; D.D., 1699; dean of Lichfield, 1703.
^ Charles Bindley , known as HARRY HIEOVER (1795-1859), sporting writer; published works on sporting subjects, including a revised and corrected edition of Delabere Elaine's Encyclopaedia of Rural Sports 1862.
^ James Bindley (1737–1818), book collector; educated at Charterhouse and Peterhouse, Cambridge; M.A., 1762; commissioner of stamp duties, 1765; senior commissioner, 1781-1818; F.S.A., 1765; formed valuable collection of rare books, engravings, and medals,
^ Francis Bindon (d. 1765), painter and architect; executed portraits of Swift, Richard Baldwin, and other eminent Irishmen; retired, c. 1750.
^ George Bingham (1715–1800), divine; educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford: fellow of All Souls; M.A., 1739; B.D., 1748; proctor, 1746-6: rector of Pimperne, Dorsetshire, 1748; proctor for diocese of Salisbury in convocations of 1761, 1768, 1774, I and 1780. He assisted the Rev. John Hutchins in compiling his History of Dorsetshire and published religious works.
^ George Charles Bingham , third Earl of Lucan (1800–1888), field-marshal: educated at West1 minster: ensign, 1816: lieutenant, 1820; major, 1825: and j lieutenant-colonel, 1826-37, 17th lancers; M.P. for co. Mayo. 1826-30; succeeded to earldom, 1839; elected representative peer of Ireland, 1840; lord- lieutenant of Mayo, 1845; major-general, 1851; commanded cavalry division in army in Turkey, 1854: directed charge of heavy brigade at Balaclava, and followed light brigade with two regiments of the heavy brigade to cover its retirement; censured by Lord Raglan and recalled, 1855; K.C.B. and colonel of 8th hussars, 1855: lieutenantgeneral, 1858; general, 1865; colonel of 1st life guards, 1865; G.C.B., 1869; field-marshal, 1887.
^ Sir George Ridout Bingham (1777–1833), major-general; ensign in Corsica, 1793: served in Cape and in Kaffir war, 1800; major, 1801; lieutenant-colonel of 2nd battalion 58rd foot in Ireland, 1805: in Peninsula, 1809-14; knighted: brigadier-general in St. Helena till 1819; commanded Cork district, 1827-32.
^ John Bingham (1607–1689), nonconformist divine; educated at St. John's College, Cambridge; head-master in free school, Derby; vicar of Murston-upon-Dove, Derbyshire; ejected, 1662, subsequently suffering considerable persecution; assisted Walton with his great polyglot bible.
^ Joseph Bingham (1668–1723), divine ; B.A. University College, Oxford, 1688: fellow, 1689; vith.lr.-v from university, being unjustly charged with preaching impious and heretical doctrines, 1696; collated to living of Havant, 1712; lost money in South Sea Bubble; published Origines Ecclesiastic or Antiquities of the Christian Church 10 vols., 1708-22, and other works relating to ecclesiastical history and doctrine,
^ Margaret Bingham, Countess of Lucan (d. 1814), amateur painter; married, 1760, Sir Charles Bingham (created Earl of Lucan, 1795); spent many years in embellishment of Shakespeare's historical plays. Her miniatures were extravagantly praised by Horace Waipole,
^ Peregrine Bingham, the elder (1754–1826), biographer and poet; B.C.L. New College, Oxford, 1780; rector of Berwick St. John, Wiltshire, 1817; published memoirs of his father, George Bingham
^ Peregrine Bingham, the younger (1788–1864), legal writer; son of Peregrine Bingham (1754-1826) : B.A. Magdalen College, Oxford, 1810; called to bar at Middle Temple, 1818; for many years legal reporter; published legal works.
^ Sir Richard Bingham or Byngham (1528-1599), governor of Connaught; served in Scotland under Somerset, 1547, at St. Quentin, 1557, in expedition against Out-isles of Scotland, 1558, under Don John of Austria against Turks, in conquest of Cyprus, 1572, in Low Countries, 1573, and under Dutch flag against Spaniards, 1578; knighted and appointed governor of Counaught, 1684; rigorously suppressed Connaught rebellion, 1586; temporarily recalled to take part in war in Netherlands, 1587-8; repressed O'Rourke's revolt, 1590-1; imprisoned in Fleet on charge of exercising undue severity, 1596; returned to Ireland as marshal, 1598.
^ Richard Bingham , the elder (1765–1858), divine; educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford; B.A., 1787; D.C.L., 1801; prebendary of Chichester, 1807; imprisoned at Winchester for fraud, 1813, and published vehement protestation of innocence; issued, 1829, third edition of Origines Ecclesiasticae published by his ancestor, Joseph Bingham
^ Richard Bingham , the younger (1798–1872), divine; son of Richard Bingham (1765-1858); M.A. Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1827; vicar of Queenborough, isle of Sheppey, 1856-70; published writings relating to liturgical revision, and an edition of works of Joseph Bingham.
^ Baron Bingley (1676–1731). See Robert Benson.
^ William Bingley (1774–1823), miscellaneous writer; M.A. St. Peter's College, Cambridge, 1803; minister of Fitzroy chapel. Charlotte Street, London, 1816-23; F.L.S.; published works on various subjects, including topography and natural history.
^ Simon Binham or Bynham (d. 1336), chronicler; monk of priory of Binhnin, Norfolk; assisted in opposing exactions of Hugh, abbot (1308-26) of St. Albans; said to have contributed toChronicle of Rishanger
^ William Binham or Bynham (fl. 1370), prior of Wallingford; D.D. Oxford, where he was for a time intimate with Wycliffe, against whom he afterwards wrote Contra Positiones Wiclevi.
^ Henry Binneman (d. 1583). See Henry Bynneman.
^ Edward William Binney (1812–1881), geologist; practised as solicitor in Manchester from 1836; a founder and first honorary secretary of Manchester Geological Society; president, 1857-9 and 1865-7; member of London Geological Society, 1863: F.R.S., 1866; wrote many papers on geological subjects, of which Sigillaria was among the most important.
^ Thomas Binney (1798–1874), nonconformist divine; apprenticed to a Newcastle bookseller: studied at theological seminary at Wymondley, Hertfordshire; pastor of St. James's Street chapel, Newport, Isle of Wight, l.v i. aud congregation at Weigh House, London, 1829-69; 1 acquired high reputation as preacher; visited Australia, 1857; LL.D. Aberdeen, 1852; on two occasions he was elected chairman of the Congregational Union of England and Wales; wrote polemical works and verse of a religious character.
^ Lord Binning (1697–1733). See Charles Hamilton.
^ Hugh Binning (1627–1653), Scottish divine: M.A. Glasgow; professor of philosophy, 1647-51; licensed minister; called to parish of Govan, near Glasgow, 1649; ordained, 1650; sided with protesteiy against resolutioners, and took prominent part in dispute before Cromwell at Glasgow, 1651; published religious works.
^ Sir Henry Binns (1837–1899), prime minister of Natal; went to Natal, 1858; conducted sugar estate at Riet River, 1860, and floated, 1868, Umhlanga Valley Sugar Estate Company, of which he was general manager till 1892; nominee member of legislative council, 1879, and was member for Victoria county, 1883-99; prime minister of Natal, 1897; colonial secretary and minister of agriculture, 1897, but soon resigned latter portfolio: advocated and (1898) brought about entrance of Natal into South African customs union; K.C.M.G., 1898.
^ John Binns (1772–1860), journalist and politician; engaged as plumber in London, 1794; member of London Corresponding Company; connected with schemes of United Irishmen; in prison, 1798-1801; went to America, 1801; edited successively Republican Argus and Democratic Press
^ Edward Binyon (1830?–1876), landscape painter; contributed to exhibitions of Royal Academy and Dudley Gallery, 1857-76.
^ Sir Giovanni Francesco Biondi (1572–1644), historian; born at Lesina, in Gulf of Venice; secretary to Venetian ambassador at Paris; came to England, 1609; represented James I at Calvinist assembly, Grenoble, 1615; knighted, 1622; gentleman of king's privy chamber; died at Aubonne, Switzerland; published in Italian at Venice three romances and a work on the Wars of the Roses, which all appeared in English translations.
^ Charles Bell Birch (1832–1893), sculptor, son of Jonathan Birch; studied at school of design, Somerset House, and at Royal academies, Berlin and London; assistant to John Henry Foley; won a premium from Art Union of London for Wood Nymph 1864; exhibited at Burlington House from 1864; A.R.A., 1880; produced bronze Griffin on Temple Bar memorial, Fleet Street, 1880; his works include a statue of Lord Beaconsfield at Liverpool, and statues of Queen Victoria at Aberdeen and Oodeypore, India.
^ James Birch (fl. 1769–1795), heresiarch; watch-motion maker in London; joined Muggletonians, c. 1759, but rejected part of their doctrine, 1772; began to claim personal inspiration, 1778; published theological works.
^ John Birch (1616–1691), presbyterian colonel; merchant in Bristol; after surrender of Bristol to royalists, levied regiment in London and served as colonel under Sir William Waller; wounded at Arundel. present at battle of Alresford, blockade of Oxford, and skirmish at Cropredy Bridge; entrusted with care of Bath; assisted in assault on Bristol, 1645, which, later, was given into his charge; took Hereford and became its governor; M.P. for Leomiuster; opposed extreme measures of Oromwellians; imprisoned at Hereford, 1664-6: took prominent part in Restoration; member of council of state, 1660: auditor of excise: M.P. for Leominster in Convention parliament, Penrhyn, 1671-8, and for Weobly, 1678-91.
^ John Birch (1745?–1815), surgeon; served as surgeon in army, and afterwards settled in London; surgeon to St. Thomas's Hospital, 1784-1816; surgeon extraordinary to prince regent: advocated use of electricity as a remedial agent, and opposed introduction of vaccination; published medical works.
^ Jonathan Birch (1783–1847), translator of Faust*; in office of John Argelander, a timber merchant at Memel (with whom, in 1807, the three eldest sons of Frederick William III of 1'ruwin took refuge), 1803-12; returned to England, 1812: on terms of close intimacy with Frederick William IV of Prussia: published several works, including translations of Goethe's Faust 1839-43, ami tin; NihHungen Lied 1848.
^ Peter Birch (1652?–1710), divine: alucated at (aiiibri'lu'e ami Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1G74; D.D., !i,s-i: -uro-ssivfly curate of St. Thomas's, Oxford, rector of St. Kbbr's Church and lecturer at Carfax; chaplain to Janifs, iluke of Onnoiiik: chaplain to House of Commons ami prebendary of Westminster, 1689; rector of St. James's, Westminster, 1692, but was removed owing, probably, to his high church principles, which were offensive to the court: vicar of St. Bride's, Fleet Street, 1695; published sermons.
^ Sir Richard James Holwell Birch (1803–1875), general: ensign, Bengal infantry, 1821; judgeadvocate-geueral to Bengal forces, 1841: O.B., 1849; secretary to Indian military department, 1852; colonel, 1854; major-general, 1858; K.C.B., 1860; lieutenantl. 1862.
^ Samuel Birch (1757–1841), dramatist; pastrycook in Cornhill; common councillor, 1781; alderman of Candlewick ward, 1807-40; sheriff, 1811; lord mayor, 1814; wrote poems and musical dramas, of which the Adopted Child(1795) was the most successful,
^ Samuel Birch (1813–1885), egyptologist ; grandson of Samuel Birch; educated at Merchant Taylors School, where he studied Chinese; entered service of commissioners of public records, 1834; assistant in department of antiquities in British Museum, 1836, and was assistant-keeper, 1844-61: studied egyptology, and quickly established importance of Champollion's system of decipherment of Egyptian: keeper of oriental, British, and mediaeval antiquities at British Museum, 1861, and, from 1866 till death, of oriental antiquities alone; founded Society of Biblical Archaeology, 1870, and was president, 1870-85; LL.D. Aberdeen, 1862, and Cambridge, 1876; D.O.L. Oxford, 1876; honorary fellow of Queen's College, Oxford; Rale lecturer at Cambridge, 1876; he published translations from oriental writings and archaeological, egyptological, and other treatises, besides popular educational works on Egyptian language and history.
^ Thomas Birch (1705–1766), divine; rector of Ulting, Essex,. 1732, Llandewi-Velfrey, Pembroke (a sinecure), 1743, Siddington, near Cirencester, 1744, St. Michael, Wood Street, London, 1744, St. Margaret Pattens, London, 1746-66, and Depden, Suffolk, 1761-6; D.D. Marischal College, Aberdeen, and of Lambeth, 1753; F.R.S. and F.S.A., 1735; secretary of Royal Society, 1752-65; bequeathed historical and biographical manuscripts to the British Museum; published historical works and contributed toGeneral Dictionary, Historical and Critical (1734-41).
^ Thomas Ledlie Birch (d. 1808), Irish presbyterian divine; minister of Saintfield, 1776; went to America after insurrection of 1798, with which he was connected; published religious works.
^ William Birch (1765–1834), enamel painter and engraver: practised after 1794 in Philadelphia; received Society of Arts medal, 1785.
^ John Birchensha (fl, 1664–1672), musician: lived in family of Earl of Kildare, and afterwards taught the viol in London: prepared notes for a work on the mathematical basis of music.
^ Stephen Birchington (fl. 1382), historical writer; monk of Christ Church, Canterbury, 1382; treasurer and warden of manors of the monastery; wrote historical works.
^ William Birchley (1613–1669). See John Austin.
^ Simon Birckbek (1584–1656), divine; B.A. Queen's College, Oxford, 1604: B.D., 1616; vicar of Gilling, and of Forcet, near Richmond, Yorkshire, 1617; published religious works.
^ Charles Smith Bird (1795–1862), divine: articled as conveyancing solicitor, Liverpool, 1812; scholar of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1818: fellow, 1 820: took pupils, among whom was Lord Macaulay; vicar of Gainsborough, and prebendary of Lincoln, 1843; chancellor of Lincoln Cathedral, 1859; F.L.S., 1828; published poems and theological works.
^ Edward Bird (1772–1819), painter ; conducted a drawing school at Bristol; first exhibited at Royal Academy, 1809; awarded premium by British Institution for Death of Eli; R.A., 1816; court painter to Queen Charlotte.The Field of Chevy Chaceis considered his greatest work.
^ Francis Bird (1667–1731), sculptor; studied at Brussels and Rome, and under Gibbons and Cibber, to whose practice he succeeded; employed in decorations of St. Paul's Cathedral: his best work is the statue of Dr. Busby in Westminster Abbey.
^ Golding Bird (1814–1854), physician ; studied at Guy's Hospital, 1832; licensed, without examination, to practise as apothecary, 1836; M.D. St. Andrews, 1838; M.A., 1840; L.C.P., London, 1840; F.C.P., 1845: lecturer on natural philosophy at Guy's Hospital, 1836-53; physician to Finsbury dispensary; assistant physician to Guy's, 1843-53; lecturer on materia medica, College of Physicians, 1847: F.R.S., and member of Linuean and Geological societies: publishedElements of Natural Philosophy 1839, and medical works.
^ James Bird (1788–1839), dramatist and poetical writer; apprenticed as miller but abandoned the trade for that of stationer, 1820; wrote two plays which were produced with some success, and some narrative poems.
^ John Bird (d. 1558), bishop ; Carmelite friar ; B.D. Oxford, 1510; D.D., 1513; provincial of his order, 1516-19, and 1522-5; suffragan to bishop of Llandaff, with title of bishop of Penrith, 1537; accompanied Wotton on embassy to Germany, 1539; bishop of Bangor, 1539, and of Chester, 1541; deprived of his bishopric on account of his being married, 1564; suffragan to Bonner, bishop of London, 1554; left religious writings in manuscript.
^ John Bird (1709–1776), mathematical instrument maker; employed by Sisson, in London, in making mathematical instruments, 1740; carried on business independently in Strand, 1745; acquired considerable fame by making instruments of improved accuracy for the astronomer Bradley; constructed brass mural quadrant for Greenwich Observatory, 1750, and for several continental observatories; published treatises describing his methods of working.
^ Richard Bird (d. 1609), canon of Canterbury; B.D. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1669; fellow; M.A., 1572; D.D., 1608; archdeacon of Cleveland, 1589; canon of Canterbury, 1590.
^ Robert Merttins Bird (1788–1853), Bengal civil servant; commissioner of revenue and circuit for Gorakhpur division, 1829; member of board of revenue, 1832; successfully conducted settlement of revenue of northwest provinces, 1833-41; returned to England, 1842.
^ Samuel Bird (fl. 1600), divine; M.A. Queens' College, Cambridge, 1573; fellow, Corpus Christi College, 1573-6; minister of St. Peter's, Ipswich, c. 1580-1604; incorporated M.A. Oxford, 1605; published religious works.
^ William Bird (1538?–1623).
^ John Augustine Birdsall (1775–1837), Benedictine; joined Benedictines at Lamspringe, Hanover, 1795; priest, 1801; came to England on suppression of abbey, 1803; established catholic mission at Cheltenham, 1810, and at Broadway, Worcestershire, 1828; provincial of Canterbury, 1822: re-elected, 1826; president-general of Benedictines in England, and cathedral prior of Winchester, 1826; abbot of Westminster, 1830.
^ Saint Birinus (d. 650), first bishop of Dorchester; Benedictine monk of Rome; landed in Wessex, 634: made many converts to Christianity; bishop of Dorchester, 635.
^ George Birkbeck (1776–1841), founder of mechanics institutions; M.D. Edinburgh, 1799; professor of natural philosophy, Andersonian University, Glasgow, 1799; established, 1800, for working men at Glasgow, cheap courses of lectures on science, which developed into the Glasgow MechanicsInstitution 1823; practised as physician in London; founder and first president of Birkbeck MechanicsInstitution, London, 1824; founder and councillor of University College, London, 1827.
^ Sir John Birkenhead or Berkenhead (1616-1679), author of Mercurius Aulicus M.A. Oriel College, Oxford, 1639: probationer-fellow, All Souls College, 1640; devised and mostly wrote Mercurius Aulicus the weekly journal of royalists at Oxford, 1642-5; in exile with Prince Charles, 1648; probably knighted at St. Germains, 1649: D.C.L., 1661; M.P. for Wilton; member of Royal Society: one of masters of requests; published satirical poems.
^ John Birkenshaw (fl. 1664–1672). See Birkensha.
^ George Birkhead or Birket (d. 1614), archpriest; educated at Douay and Rome; ordained, 1577; joined English mission, 1580; archpriest of England, 1608-14.
^ Henry Birkhead (1617?–1696), Latin poet; scholar, Trinity College, Oxford, 1636; studied at St. Omer: B.A.: fellow of All Souls 1638-57; M.A., 1641; registrar of diocese of Norwich, 1660-81; published poems in Latin and left in manuscript an allegorical play; professorship of poetry at Oxford founded in 1708 from funds im.
^ Ann Bishop (1814–1884), soprano singer; me Riviere; student of Royal Academy of Music, 1824-31; married Sir Henry Rowley Bishop, 1831; took prominent place at Vauxhall: eloped with Bochsa, the harp-player, 1339; travelled and sang in European towns, ; lH:59-4;. in England, 1846-7, America, 1847, and Aus 1 tralia, 1855; died at New York.
^ George Bishop (1785–1861), astronomer; pro left by him.
^ Thomas Rawson Birks (1810–1883), nonconformist divine: second wrangler and second Smith's prizeman, Trinity College, Cambridge, 1834; fellow; Ticar of Trinity Church, Cambridge, 1866-77; honorary canon of Ely, 1871; professor of moral philosophy, Cambridge, 1872. His works include The Bible and Modern Thought 1861, and Modern Utilitarianism 1874.
^ John Birmingham (1816–1884), astronomer ; revised Schjellerup's Catalogue of Red Stars 1872; discovered a deep red star in Oygnus, which became known by his name, 1881: inspector under board of works.
^ Alexander Birnie (1826–1862), poet and journalist; baptist minister at Preston: painter at Falkirk; joined staff of Falkirk Advertiser; started Falkirk Liberal which was unsuccessful: made his way on foot to Edinburgh and thence to Newcastle, and died of starvation at Morpeth.
^ Sir Richard Birnie (1760?–1832), police magistrate; partner in an extensive saddler and harnessmaker's business in Haymarket, London; police magistrate at Union Hall and subsequently at Bow Street; knighted, 1821.
^ William Birnie (1663–1619), Scottish divine; M.A. St. Leonard's College, St. Andrews, 1588; became shipmaster merchant; vicar of Lanark, 1597; master and economus of St. Leonard's hospital and almshouse, 1603; dean of Chapel Royal, 1612; constant moderator of presbytery, 1606; member of high commission court, 1610 and 1616.
^ Bernstan (d. 933).
^ Robert Birrel (fl. 1567–1606), diarist; burgess of Edinburgh; wrote a diary, 1532-1605, published in Fragments of Scottish History 1798.
^ Nathaniel Bisby or Bisbee (1635–1695), divine; M.A. Christ Church, Oxfonl, 1660; D.D., 1668; rector of Long Melford, 1660; deprived as nonjuror, 1690; wrote against nonconformists.
^ James Bischoff (1776-1845), author of works on the wool trade: connected with woollen trade in Leeds, and subsequently carried on business as merchant and insurance broker in London; publiahed works aiming at reform in laws relating to wool.
^ John Biscoe (. 1679), puritan divine; B.A. New Inn Hall, Oxford, 1627; minister of St. Thomas's, Sonthwark; ejected, 1660; published religious works,
^ Richard Biscoe (d. 1748), divine: dissenting minister of meeting-house in Old Jewry, 1716: conformed and became rector of St. Martin Outwich, London, 1727; chaplain to George II; Boyle lecturer, 17:16-3; published lectures, 1742. prietor of a wine-making business in London; admitted to Royal Astronomical Society, 1830; secretary, 1833-9; treasurer, 1840-57; president, 1867 and 1858; F.R.S., 1848; fellow of Society of Arts; on council of University College, London; erected, 1836, an observatory near his residence at SouthVilla, Regent's Park, where Rev. William Dawes and Jolm Russell Hind conducted many important 1 investigations.
^ sir Henry Rowley Bishop (1786–1856), musical composer; his first opera, The Circassian Bride, produced at Drury Lane, 1809; composer and director at I Covent Garden, 1810; producedKnight of Snowdoun (founded on Scott's Lady of the Lake), 1811, which was followed, in rapid succession, by other pieces, including Midsummer Night's Dream 1816, Comedy of Errors 1819, Antiquary 1820, Twelfth Night 1820, Henry IV Part II 1821, Two Gentlemen of Verona 1821, and As you like it 1824; original member of Philharmonic Society, 1813; musical director of King's Theatre, Haymarket, 1816-17; sole manager, 1820, of theoratorios given during Lent; engaged, 1825, at Drury Lane, where he produced Aladdin as counter-attraction to Weber's Oberon at Oovent Garden, 1826; wrote music for Faustus in collaboration with Oooke and Horn, 1835, 'Hamlet 1830,KenilworthandWaverley 1832, and Love's Labour's Lost 1839, and Fortunate Isles to celebrate Queen Victoria's marriage, 1840: musical director at Vauxhall Gardens, 1830-3; Mus. Bac. Oxford, 1839; professor of harmony, Royal Academy of Music; Reid Professor at Edinburgh, 1841-3; conducted Antient Concerts, 1840-8; knighted, 1842: professor of music, Oxford, 1848; Mus. Doc., 1853. His fame rests almost entirely on his glees.
^ John Bishop (1665–1737), musical composer; teacher of choristers at King's College, Cambridge, 1688: organist of Winchester College, 1695; lay-vicar, 1696, and organist and master of choristers, 1729, Winchester Cathedral; published psalm-tunes and anthems and left compositions in manuscript.
^ John Bishop (1797–1873), surgeon : studied at St. George's Hospital; obtained diploma of Royal College of Surgeons, 1824; senior surgeon, Islington dispensary, and surgeon Northern and St. Paucras dispensaries; F.R.S., e. 1844; wrote surgical works.
^ Samuel Bishop (1731–1795), poet: educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool and St. John's College, Oxford; fellow, 1753; M.A., 1768; head-master of Merchant Taylors School, 1783; rector of Ditton, Kent, and St. Martin Outwich, London; published essays and poems.
^ William Bishop (1554–1624), catholic divine; educated at Oxford and at English college, Rheims: ordained priest, 1583: joined English mission; imprisoned in Marshalsea, 1583-4; studied at Paris; returned to English mission, 1591; D.D. Paris; sent to Rome to remonstrate against maladministration of George Blackwell, archpriest; confined in English college; imprisoned for refusing oath of allegiance to James I, 1611; on release went to Arras College, Paris; vicar-apostolic and bishop of Chalcedon, 1623; came to England, 1623; published theological works.
^ George Bisley (d. 1591). See George Beesley.
^ Baldred Bissait or Bisset (. 1303), divine; rector of Kinghorn; commissioner to pope in dispute between Boniface VIII, Edward I, and Scottish government. His Progressus contra flgrnenta regis Angliae contains earliest mention of Scottish coronation stone.
^ Philip Bisse (1667–1721), bishop of Hereford; educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford: M.A., 1693: D.D., 1705: F.R.S., 1706: bishop of St. David's, 1710, and Hereford, 1713: published sermons.
^ Thomas Bisse (d. 1731), divine; younger brother of Philip Bisse; M.A. Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1698; D.D., 1712: preacher at Rolls chapel, 1715; chancellor of Hereford, 1716; prebendary of Hereford, 1731; published religious works.
^ Charles Bisset (1717–1791), physician and military engineer; studied medicine at Edinburgh; second nrgeon of military hospital, Jamaica, 174(1; served in Admiral Vernon's fleet; returned to England, 1745; euHign in 42nd Highlander?, 1746; prepared reports of protrri'ss of sifgL- of Bereen-Op-Zoom; engineer-extraordinary in engineer brigade: practised medicine at Skelton, Yorkshire; published works on fortification and on medical subjects.
^ James Bisset (1762?–1832), artist, publisher, and vi T~t- writer; established museum and curiosity shop at Birmingham: coined medals and practised as miniature and fancy painter; opened museum, news-room, and picture-gallery at Leamington, 1812. His publications include Poetic Survey round Birmingham (1800) and volumes of verse.
^ James Bisset (1795–1872), scholar; educated at Marischal College and University, Aberdeen; D.D., 1851; assumed control of private school kept by his father, and developed remarkable teaching ability, 1812; minister at Bourtrie, Aberdeenshire, 1826; moderator of general assembly of church of Scotland, 1862.
^ Sir John Bisset (1777–1854), commissary-general; commissary-general in Spain, 1811; knight commander of Guelphic order, 1830; K.C.B., 1850; published a work on commissariat duties.
^ Peter Bisset, Bissat or Bissart (d. 1568), professor of canon law; studied at St. Andrews, Paris, and Bologna; LL.D., and subsequently professor of canon law, Bologna; wrote two works in Latin.
^ Robert Bisset (1769–1805), historian; LL.D.; master of an academy in Sloane Street, Chelsea. His works include a life of Burke (1798) and a History of George III (1804).
^ William Bisset (d. 1747), divine; educated at Westminster and Trinity College, Cambridge; B.A., 1690: rector of Whiston, 1697; elder brother of St. Catherine's Collegiate Church, 1699; published, 1710, reply to Dr. Sacheverell's sermon of 6 Nov. 1709, occasioning pamphlet war to which he largely contributed; chaplain to Queen Caroline.
^ William Bisset (1758–1834), Irish bishop; educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford; B.A., 1779; M.A., 1782; D.D.; rector of Dunbin, co. Louth, 1784; prebendary of Armagh, 1791-1807; archdeacon of Ross, 1804; chancellor of Armagh, 1817; bishop of Raphoe, 1822.
^ Angel Bix (d. 1695), Franciscan friar; chaplain to Spanish ambassador in London in James II's reign; published sermons.
^ Pietro Bizari (1530?–1586?) Italian historian and poet; adopted reformed faith and came to England; fellow, St. John's College, Cambridge, 1549; prebendary of Salisbury, 1567; published historical, poetical, and other works in Italian and Latin, and left manuscripts, which include a Universal History
^ William Henry Blaauw (1793–1870), antiquary; educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1815; F.S.A., 1850; treasurer of Camden Society; published, 1844, history of barons war of Henry III's reign.
^ Robert Blacader or Blackader (d. 1508), Scottish archbishop; prebendary of Glasgow and rector of Cardross: bishop of Aberdeen, 1480, and of Glasgow, before 1484; archbishop of Glasgow, 1492: frequently employed in public transactions with English: died in Holy Land on pilgrimage to Jerusalem.
^ Adam Blacater (fl. 1319), born in Scotland; professor of philosophy successively in Poland and at Bologna and rector of a college in Paris University.
^ Baron Blachford (1811–1889). See Frederic Rogers.
^ Adam Black (1784–1874), politician and publisher; carried on bookselling business at Edinburgh, at first alone, and subsequently in partnership with his m-phi-w Charles; twice lord-provost of and, 1856-65, liberal.M.I for Edinburgh. His firm acquired copyrights of Encyclopaedia Britannica 1827, and Scott's novels, 1851.
^ Alexander Black (1789–1864), Scottish theologian; studied medicine at Aberdeen; ordained minister of Tarves, 1818; professor of divinity, Marischal College, 1832-43; accompanied expedition to the East in conmvI tion with proposed formation of mission to Jews, 1839; joined Free church, 1843; D.D.
^ James Black (1788?–1867), physician; L.C.S. Edinburgh, 1808; served in navy; practised successively at Manchester, 1839-48, Bolton, 1848-56, and Edinburgh: M.D. Glasgow, 1820; L.R.C.S.,1823; F.R.C.P., 1860: published medical works and papers on geological subjects.
^ John Black (1783–1855), journalist ; employed as ; clerk at Dunse: in accountant's office at Edinburgh, i where he studied at the university; contributed toUniversal Magazine*; went to London, 1810; translator of i foreign correspondence and reporter toMorning Chronicle; became editor, 1817, and maintained the journal's j position as the most uncompromising of opposition papers till 1843, when a decline of energy in its management occasioned a request for his resignation; retired to Snodland. near Maidstone; published translations from Leo! pold von Buch, Schlegel, and others.
^ Joseph Black (1728–1799), chemist; studied medicine at Glasgow and at Edinburgh, where he gra! dnated M.D. with an important thesis, De humore acido ! a cibis orto, et Magnesia alba which laid the foundations of quantitative analysis and pneumatic chemistry, 1754; professor of medicine, Glasgow, 1756-66; practised as physician; made investigations into the question of latent heat which formed the basis of modern thermal science, and gave the first impulse to Watt's improvements in the steam engine, 1756-62; experimented with object of testing validity of thermometrical indications, and originated theory ofspecific heat 1760; professor of medicine and chemistry, Edinburgh, 1766-97. He was first physician to George III for Scotland and a member of Royal Society, Edinburgh, and Royal College of Physicians,
^ Patrick Black (1813–1879), physician; educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford: M.D., 1836; physician to St. Bartholomew's Hospital. 1860; lecturer on medicine; F.C.P.; published medical treatises.
^ Robert Black (1752–1817), Irish presbyterian divine; educated at Glasgow; ordained minister of Dromore, 1777; captain of Irish volunteers, 1782: jointminister at Derry, 1784; synod agent for refjium tlonum, 1788-1817; D.D.; strongly advocated catholic emancipation and parliamentary reform, and was the friend and correspondent of Castlereagh: committed suicide from disappointment at lack of success of his opposition to establishment of Belfast Academical Institution (opened 1814).
^ William Black (1749–1829), physician: M.D. Leydeu, 1772; L.C.P., 1787; practised in London: one of the first Englishmen who published (1783) statistics of diseases and mortality.
^ William Black (1841–1898), novelist: studied art at Glasgow: became contributor to Glasgow Citizen: came to London, 1864, and was connected, 1865, with Morning Star for which paper he was war correspondent during Franco-Prussian war, 1866: subsequently sub-editor ofDaily News His novels includeA Daughter of Heth 1871, The Strange Adventures of a Phaeton 1872, and A Princess of Thule 1874.
^ William Henry Black (1808–1872), antiquary ; assistant keeper in Public Record Office. He was a prolific writer on antiquarian subjects.
^ Adam Blackadder (fl. 1674–1696), covenanter, son of John Blackadder the elder: apprenticed as merchant at Stirling: repeatedly imprisoned for Calvinistic principles; retired to Sweden, and subsequently settled in Edinburgh; wrote narrative of his father's sufferings.
^ John Blackadder , the elder (1615–1686), Scottish divine; M.A. Glasgow, 1650; called to parish of Troqueer, 1652; ordained, 1653: ejected by episcopal party and imprisoned at Edinburgh, 1662; preached in conventicles and was outlawed, 1674; fled to Rotterdam, 1678: returned to Edinburgh, 1679; arrested, 1681, and imprisoned on Bass Rock, where he died.
^ John Blackadder , the younger (1664–1729), lieutenant-colonel; son of John Blackadder (1615-1686) ; educated at Edinburgh; served in Cameronian regiment against highlanders at Dunkeld, under Prince of Orange in Flanders, and in Marlborough's campaigns; promoted to command of regiment, 1709; sold commission; fought at Stirling, 1715; deputy governor of Stirling f:i-tle, 1717.
^ William Blackadder (1647–1704), physician ; brother of John Blackadder (1664-1729); educated at Edinburgh; M.D. Leyden, 1680; accompanied Earl of Argyle in expedition to Scotland, 1685: apprehended and imprisoned; on liberation retired to Holland; conducted secret negotiations for Prince of Orange in Edinburgh, 1688; physician to William III.
^ Cuthbert Blackader (d. 1485), Scottish border chieftain; fought for Lancastrians in Wars of the Roses; killed at Bosworth.
^ Robert Blackader (d. 1508).
^ John Blackall (1771–1860), physician; M.A. Balliol College, Oxford, 1796; M.D., 1801; studied at St. Bartholomew's Hospital: physician to Devon and Exeter Hospital, 1797; resigned, 1801: reappointed, 1807; physician to St. Thomas's lunatic asylum, 1812; published Observations on Nature and Cure of Dropsies 1813: F.C.P.,1815.
^ Offspring Blackall or Blackhall (1654-1716), bishop of Exeter; educated at St. Catharine Hall, Cambridge; rector of St. Mary, Aldermary, London, 1694; chaplain to William III; Boyle lecturer, 1700; bishop of Exeter, 1708; renowned as a preacher; published sermons and controversial pamphlets.
^ Samuel Blackall (d. 1792), divine; grandson of Offspring Blackall; M.A. Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1763: B.D., 1770; fellow and tutor: rector of Loughborough, 1786-92; published sermons and controversial pamphlets.
^ John Blackbourne (1683–1741), nonjuror; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1705; consecrated by King James III bishop of nonjurors, 1726; member of the section of nonjurors known as nonusagers. His publications include an edition of Bacon's works (1730).
^ Colin Blackburn, Baron Blackburn (1813-1896), judge; educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1838; honorary LL.D. Edinburgh, 1870; called to bar at Inner Temple, 1838; honorary bencher, 1877; joined northern circuit; appointed justice of queen's bench, and invested with cob*, 1859; knighted, 1860; justice of high court, 1875: raised to peerage, 1876; privy councillor, 1876; retired, 1886: served on several royal commissions; published legal writings.
^ William Blackburn (1750–1790), surveyor and architect; studied at Royal Academy: obtained highest premium in competition for penitentiary houses, 1782, and subsequently executed designs for prisons and other structures throughout the country.
^ Anna Blackburne (d. 1794), botanist; friend and correspondent of Linnaeus.
^ Francis Blackburne (1706–1787), divine; educated at St. Catharine Hall, Cambridge; rector of Richmond, Yorkshire, 1739-87: prebendary of York; published The Confessional 1766, controversial works, and memoirs of Thomas Hollis
^ Francis Blackburne (1782–1867), Irish lawyer: educated at Trinity College, Dublin; studied at King's Inn, Dublin, and Lincoln's Inn, London; called to bar, 1805; joined home circuit; administered Insurrection Act on its renewal, 1822, in Limerick: Serjeant, 1826: attorney-general for Ireland, 1830-4 and 1841; master of rolls in Ireland. 1H42: chtef-iustice of queen's bench, 1846; lord chancellor of Ireland, 1862, and resigned the same year; commissioner of national education, 1852; lord justice of appeal in Ireland. 1856; reappointed lord chancellor, but resigned, 1866; vice-chancellor of Dublin University.
^ John Blackburne (1690–1786), botanist: maintained extensive garden at Orford.
^ Lancelot Blackburne (1668–1743), archbishop of York; educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford; ordained, 1681; M.A M 1683; prebendary of Exeter, 1691, and sub-dean, 1695; rector of Calstock, Cornwall, 1696: resigned sub-deanery, 1702; reinstated, 1704; dean of Exeter, 1705; bishop of Exeter, 1717-24; archbishop of York, 1724-43.
^ Richard Blackburne (6. 1652), physician ; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1669; M.D. Leyden, 1676; F.R.O.P., 1687: censor, College of Physicians, 1688; probably wroteTbomse Hobbes Angli Malmesburiensis Philosophi Vita sometimes attributed to Hobbes himself, and certainly wrote a supplement to it.
^ Sir William Blackburne (1764–1839), majorgeneral; infantry cadet in Madras army, 1782; Mahratta interpreter at Tanjore, 1787; captain, 1801; resident at Tanjore, 1801-23; major-general; knighted, 1838.
^ George Blacker (1791–1871), antiquary; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1868: vicar of Maynooth, 1840; prebendary in St. Patrick's Cathedral; published (privately) antiquarian works.
^ Valentine Blacker (1778?–1823), lieutenantcolonel: obtained commission in Madras cavalry, 1798; cornet, 1799; aide-de-camp to Colonel Stevenson in Wainad, 1800; quartermaster-general, 1810; served in Deccan, 1817; lieutenant-colonel; surveyor-general of India: C.B., 1818; published history of Mahratta war.
^ Richard Blackerby (1574–1648), puritan; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge; minister at Feltwell, Norfolk; taught classics and theology to private pupils at Ashdon, Essex; minister at Great Thurlow.
^ Joseph Blacket (1786–1810), poet; apprenticed to his brother, a shoemaker, in London, 1797; suffered much from poverty, but gained patrons and achieved some reputation as a poet. A volume of his poetry was published in 1809, and his Remains containing poems and dramatic sketches, in 1811.
^ Gilbert Blackball (. 1667), Scottish catholic; entered Scots College, Rome, 1626; ordained; returned to Scotland, 1630; fled from Jesuit opposition to Paris: missionary in Scotland, 1637-43; wrote autobiography in Paris, c. 1666.
^ Offspring Blackball (1664–1716). See Blackall.
^ John Stuart Blackie (1809–1895), Scottish professor and man of letters; educated at Marischal Col i lege, Aberdeen, Edinburgh University, Gottingen, and Berlin; studied for Scottish bar; advocate, 1834; ap pointed first regius professor of humanity (Latin) at Marischal College, Aberdeen, 1839, and installed, 1841; j instituted Hellenic Society Aberdeen, 1850; professor of Greek at Edinburgh, 1862-82; founded and endowed Celtic chair at Edinburgh, 1882. His publications include Faust... translated into English Verse 1834; Lyrical Dramas of. Ksrliylus... translated into English Verse 1850, Lays and Legends of Ancient Greece 1857, and many other works in verse and prose.
^ Thomas Blacklock (1721–1791), poet; born of humble parents; lost his sight when six mouths old; began to write poetry when twelve years old, and was noticed by Dr. Stevenson, a physician of Edinburgh, where he studied at the university; made the acquaintance of David Hume, who exerted himself in his behalf; minister at Kirkcudbright, e. 1762-4; took private pupils in Edinburgh; D.D. Marischal College, Aberdeen, 1767; published poems, religious works, and translations.
^ William James Blacklock (1815?–1858), landscape painter; apprenticed as bookseller at Carlisle; adopted art as profession, and exhibited at Royal Academy and other exhibitions, 1836-56.
^ Thomas Blackloe (1593–1676). See Thomas White (scholar).
^ John Blackman (fl. 1436–1448). See Blakman.
^ Chewning Blackmore (1663–1737), minister: son of William Uluckmore; minister at Worcester, 1688-1737.
^ Sir Richard Blackmore (d. 1729), physician and writer: educated at Westminster and St. Edmund Hull, Oxford: M.A., 1676; M.D. Padua; F.R.C.P., 1687; crnsor, College of Physicians, 1716; elect, 1716-22; physician in ordinary to William III, and knighted, 1697; physiriau to Queen Anne. He produced religious and mulinil treaties and some indifferent poems, including ( n -at ion 1712, which was warmly praised by Dr. Johnson.
^ Richard Doddridge Blackmore (1825–1900), novelist and barrister: educated at Blundell's school, Tivfrtou, and Exeter College, Oxford; M.A., 1852; engaged as private tutor; called to bar at Middle Temple, 1H52; practised as conveyancer; classical master at Wellesley House school, Twickenham Common, 1853; publishedPoems by Melanter 1853, and, later,Epullia and other volumes of verse, including The Farm and Fruit of Old 1862; established himself, c. 1858, at Gomer House, Teddiugton, where he remained till death; producedOlura Vaughan 1864, Cradock Nowell 1866, Lorua Doone 1869, and twelve other novels.
^ Thomas Blackmore (1740?-1780?), mezzotint engraver; practised in London, 1769-71. His works include plates after pictures by Reynolds and Vandyck.
^ William Blackmore (d. 1684), nonconformist divine; M.A. Lincoln College, Oxford; rector of Pentloe, Essex, 1645; presbyter, 1647: rector of St. Peter's, Cornhill, 1666; arrested on charge of complicity in Christopher Love's plot, but released, 1651; seceded with nonconformists, 1662.
^ John Blackner (1770–1816), historian of Nottingham; apprenticed as stocking-maker in Nottingham; edited successively theStatesman(a London radical daily paper), 1812, and Nottingham Review; published History of Nottingham (1815).
^ Alexander Blackrie (d. 1772), apothecary; published work exposing secret of Dr. Chittick's cure for gravel, 1766.
^ John Blackstone (d. 1753), botanist : apothecary in London: published botanical works.
^ Blackstone or Blaxton (d. 1675), one of the earliest episcopal clergymen in Massachusetts; lived successively on peninsula of Shawmut (where Boston now stands), in colony of Roger Williams, 1631, and at Blaxton river, near Providence.
^ Sir William Blackstone (1723–1780), judge ; educated at Charterhouse School and Pembroke College, Oxford; entered Middle Temple, 1741; fellow of All Souls 1744; B.C.L., 1745; called to bar; recorder of Wallingford; first professor of English law, Oxford, 1758-66; publishedConsiderations on Copyholders 1758. and his edition of the Great Charter, 1759; M.P. for Hindoo, Wiltshire, and principal of New Inn Hall, 1761-6; solicitor-general to the queen, 1763; published lectures as Commentaries on the Laws of England 4 vols., 1765-9, which met with a considerable amount of more or less hostile criticism, but still remains the best general history of English law; M.P. for Westbury, Wiltshire, 1768; gave it as his opinion that Wilkes was disqualified from sitting in parliament, and was answered by Grenville's quoting from the Commentaries the causes of disqualification, none of which applied to Wilkes: retired from parliament; appointed justice of common pleas, 1770, but exchanged into court of king's bench; returned to common pleas in same year. The Commentaries have passed through numerous editions, and have been translated into French, German, Italian, and Russian.
^ Anthony Blackwall (1674–1730), classical scholar: M.A. Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1698; headmaster of Derby school and lecturer of All Saints, Derby; headmaster of Market Bosworth grammar school, 1722-6 and 1729-30, where Dr. Johnson was perhaps his assistant for a few months r rector of Clapham, 1726-9. His most important work is the Sacred Classics Defended 1725.
^ John Blackwall (1790–1881), zoologist; engaged in importation of Irish linen at Manchester; retired to Llanrwst, North Wales, 1833: contributed to scientific publications; published History of Spiders of Great Britain and Ireland 1861-4.
^ Alexander Blackwell (d. 1747), adventurer ; probably brother of Dr. Thomas Blackwell; practised as printer in London, 1730: became bankrupt; studied medicine and agriculture; inspector of Duke of Chandos's improvements at Cannons; physician in ordinary to king of Sweden: suspected of quackery; arrested for his connection with a political intrigue, the true nature and object of which remain a mystery; condemned without public trial and executed; published works on agriculture.
^ Elizabeth Blackwell (fl. 1737), botanical delineator; wife of Alexander Blackwell; relieved her husband when in embarrassed circumstances by publishingA Curious Herbal 1737, containing illustrations of medicinal plants, which she executed, engraved, and coloured.
^ George Blackwell (1545?–1613), archpriest; B.A. Trinity College, Oxford, 1562; perpetual fellow, 1566; M.A., 1567; left fellowship and retired to Gloucester Hall: entered English College at Douay, 1574; ordained priest, 1575; B.D., 1575; joined English mission, 1576; imprisoned 1578, and, after release, lived in continual fear of arrest; appointed archpriest over secular clergy, 1598; incurred great unpopularity by his stern fulfilment of his duties; deprived of office, 1608, for subscribing to an oath which was imposed on catholics in 1606, to test their civil allegiance, and which was twice condemned by the pope; published theological works.
^ John Blackwell (1797–1840), Welsh poet; shoemaker at Mold, Flintshire; educated by friendsliberality: B.A. Jesus College, Oxford, 1828: presented to living of Manor Deivy, Pembrokeshire; edited a Welsh illustrated magazine, Y Cylchgrawn. His poems and essays were published in 1851.
^ Thomas Blackwell , the elder (1660?–1728), Scottish divine; presbyterian minister at Paisley, Renfrewshire, 1694, and Aberdeen, 1700; professor of divinity, Marischal College, 1710-28, principal, 1717-28; published theological writings.
^ Thomas Blackwell, the younger (1701–1757), classical scholar; son of Thomas Blackwell (1660?-1728); studied at Marischal College, Aberdeen; M.A., 1718; professor of Greek, 1723-57; principal, 1748-57; LL.D., 1752. His works include An Enquiry into Life and Writings of Homer 1735, andMemoirs of the Court of Augustus 1753-5, a third and incomplete volume being published posthumously, 1764.
^ Adam Blackwood (1539–1613), Scottish writer; educated at university of Paris; studied civil law at Toulouse: taught philosophy at Paris; published De Vinculo 1575, and another work condemning heretics as rebels against divinely constituted authority: counsellor or judge of parliament of Poictiers; entered into controversy with George Buchanan; published, in French, account of sufferings of Mary Queen of Scots, 1587.
^ George Frederick Blackwood (1838–1880), major; educated at Edinburgh Academy and at Addiscombe: second lieutenant, Bengal infantry, 1857; captain, 1867; commanded artillery in Looshai expedition, 1872; major, 1875; served in second Afghan campaign; killed at Maiwand.
^ Helen Selina Blackwood (1807–1867). See Sheridan.
^ Henry Blackwood (rf. 1614), physician : M.D. Paris; M.C.P. Paris, and subsequently dean of the faculty; left philosophical and medical manuscripts.
^ Sir Henry Blackwood (1770–1832), vice-admiral; entered navy as volunteer, 1781; lieutenant, 1790; studied in Paris, 1792; captain, 1795; attached to North Sea fleet, 1796-8; on Newfoundland station, 1798-9; in Channel, 1799: rendered distinguished service at blockade of Malta, 1800; commanded inshore squadron at Trafalgar, 1805; took part in ceremonies at Nelson's funeral; commanded inshore squadron at blockade of Toulon, 1810; baronet and rear-admiral, 1814; K.C.B., 1819; commander-iii-chief in East Indies, 1819-22; vice-admiral, 1821; commauder-iu-chief at Nore, 1827-30.
^ John Blackwood (1818–1879), publisher; son of William Blackwood; educated at Edinburgh University; entered London publishing firm, 1839; superintendent of London branch of Blackwood's Edinburgh firm, 1840-5; editor of Blackwood's Magazine on death of eldest brother, 1845; became, by death of another brother, head of publishing business, 1852; published nearly all George Eliot's works.
^ William Blackwood (1776–1834), publisher; apprenticed as bookseller at Edinburgh; manager of publishing business, Glasgow; employed by bookseller in London: began business independently in Edinburgh, 1804; principal founder of Edinburgh Encyclopaedia 1810; combined, as Edinburgh agent, with John Murray, in publication of Scott'sTales of my Landlord established, 1817,Edinburgh Monthly Magazine which became Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine His publications include Edinburgh Encyclopaedia 1810 (completed 1830), and New Statistical Account of Scotland
^ Martin Bladen (1680–1746), soldier and politi- i theology, New College, Edinburgh, 1868-97 ; Cunningham cian; educated at Westminster; served in Low Countries lecturer, 1888; moderator to general assembly, 1892; r; Ulaldoii, and Spam; aide-de-camp to Henri de Ruvigny lieutenant-colonel; M.P. for Stockbridge, 1715-34,, Essex, 1734-41, and Portsmouth, 1741-6; comptroller of the mint, 1714; commissioner of trade and plantations, 1717-46; a steady supporter of Sir Robert Walpole.
^ William Blades (1824–1890), printer and bibliographer; apprenticed to his father's printing firm of Blades & East, London, 1840, and subsequently became partner; wrote Life of Caxton (2 volumes, 1861-3), for which he carefully collated many works from Caxton's press: liveryman of ScrivenersCompany; published works chiefly relating to early history of printing, and edited facsimiles and other reprints.
^ Sir Charles Blagden (1748–1820), physician; M.D. Edinburgh, 1768; medical officer in army till 1814; F.R.S., 1772, and secretary, 1784; contributed to Philosophical Transactions
^ Francis William Blagdon (1778–1819), journalist and author; engaged successively as newspaper seller, amanuensis, and probably teacher of Spanish and Italian; undertook various literary works, including series of Modern Discoveries 1802-3, and Flowers of Literature.
^ Robert Blagge or Blage (d. 1522?), judge; appointed for life king's remembrancer in exchequer, 1502; f third baron of exchequer, 1611; repeatedly justice of the peace for Kent and Middlesex; joint-surveyor of crown hinds, 1515; one of general purveyors of king's revenue, 1515; successively commissioner of sewers in several counties, 1615-17.
^ Daniel Blagrave (1603–1668), regicide; nephew of John Blagrave; educated for the bar; M.P. for Reading, 1640; recorder of Reading, 1645-56 and 1658; signed Charles I's death warrant; sat in Convention parliament, 1668; settled at Aachen, 1660, and there died.
^ John Blagrave (d. 1611), mathematician; educated at St. John's College, Oxford published works describing instruments of his own invention, and other mathematical treatises. lord-provost, 1784. Burns wrote an elegy on his death.
^ Joseph Blagrave (1610-1682), astrologer; lived at Swallowfield, near Reading. His works include: Ephemerides, with Rules for Husbandry 1668, 1659, 1660, and 1665; Astrological Practice of Physick 1671, and 'Introduction to Astrology' published posthumously, 1682.
^ Thomas Blagrave (rf. 1688), musician; gentleman of the chapel, 1661; clerk of the cheque, 1662; member of Charles II's private band; author of some songs published in contemporary collections.
^ Henry Gamble Blagrove (1811–1872), musician; studied with Spaguoletti, 1821, and at Royal Academy of Music under Dr. Crotch and F. Cramer; solo- violinist in royal private band, 1830-7; studied with Spohr at Cassel, 1832-4; played with success on continent; connected with state band, 1837-72; published violin exercises and studies.
^ Thomas Blague or Blage (d. 1611), divine; B.A. Queens College, Cambridge; non-resident rector of Braxted Magna, Essex, 1570; held livings of St. Vedast, Foster Lane, London, 1571, and Ewelme, Oxfordshire, 1580-96; D.D. Oxford; dean of Rochester, 1591; nonresident rector of Bangor, 1604; author of A Schoole of wise Conceytes 1572.
^ William Garden Blaikie (1820–1899), Scottish divine; educated at Marischal College, Aberdeen, and Edinburgh; licensed by Aberdeen presbytery, 1841; minister of Drumblade, 1842; joined free church of Scotland, 1843; minister of Pilrig, 1844-68; editedFree Church Magazine 1849-53, North British Review, 1860-1863, Sunday Magazine 1873-4, andCatholic Presbyterian 1879-83; professor of apologetics and pastoral honorary D.D. Edinburgh, 1864, and LL.D. Aberdeen, 1872; published religious, biographical, and other works.
^ Hugh Blair (1718–1800), divine ; M.A. Edinburgh, 1739; licensed preacher, 1741; ordained minister of Colessie, Fife, 1742; minister to Lady Tester's church, Edinburgh, 1754, und to High church, 1758-1800; professor of rhetoric, 1760; regius professor of rhetoric and belles-lettres, 1762. PublishedCritical Dissertation on Poems of Ossian 1763, and Sermons, 5 vols. 1777-1801. He belonged to the distinguished literary circle that included Hume, A. Carlyle, Adam Ferguson, Adam Smith, and Robertson.
^ James Blair (1656–1743), Scottish episcopalian divine; held a benefice in revived episcopal church in Scotland till c. 1679; sent as missionary to Virginia, 1685; commissary under Sir Francis Nicholson when lieutenant-governor, 1689; obtained charter, 1692, for a college in Virginia, of which he became president, 1729; president of council of Virginia; published commentary on Sermon on the Mount.
^ Sir James Hunter Blair (1741–1787), lord-pro__ vost of Edinburgh; one of head partners in Ooutts's bank (with Rev. F. Prevost), 1803-9: assistant editor of Morn- ing bo ": ! Sfl $Sft:."2?!5 l 7 *?,**, ?? fe 8 ing Post c. 1806: came into conflict with William Cob- of Bla. ir J 7, 77; M R for Edinburgh, 1781 and 1784. bett, 1809. His works include Authentic Memoirs of George Morlaud 1806, andLetters of Princess of Wales 1813.
^ John Blair (fl. 1300), chaplain to Sir William Wallace; educated at Dundee and university of Paris; joined Benedictines at Dunfermliue; chaplain to Sir William Wallace when governor of Scotland; wrote life of Wallace.
^ John Blair (d. 1782), chronologist; educated at Edinburgh; schoolmaster near London; published Chronology of World from Creation to 1753 1754; F.R.S., 1756; chaplain to Princess-dowager of Wales; prebendary of Westminster, 1761; rector of St. * Westminster, 1776. John the Evangelist,
^ Patrick Blair, M.D. (d. 1728), physician; practised as doctor successively at Dundee, London, and Boston, Lincolnshire; published medical and botanical works.
^ Robert Blair (1593–1666), divine; M.A. Glasgow; professor at Glasgow University, c. 1616-22 licensed presbyterian preacher, 1616; minister of Bangor, Ireland, , 1623; suspended, 1631, and deposed for nonconformity, 1632; restored, again ejected and excommunicated, 1634; minister at Burutisland, 1638, and at St. Andrews, 1639; moderator of general assembly, 1646: chaplain in ordinary to king; joined party of resolutioners 1650; resigned as covenanter, 1661, and continued to preach at hazard of his life; left political and theological manuscripts.
^ Robert Blair (1699–1746), poetical writer; educated at Edinburgh and in Holland; ordained ministerof Athelstaneford, East Lothian, 1731; published, 1743, the 'Grave', a poem in blank verse, which enjoyed instant success. Blair forms, as a poet, a connecting link between Otway and Crabbe.
^ Robert Blair , of Avontoun (1741–1811), judge; son of Robert Blair (1699-1746); educated at Edinburgh: advocate depute and solicitor-geeneral for Scotland, 17891806; dean of Faculty of Advocates, 1801; president of College of Justice, 1808.
^ Robert Blair (cl. 1828), inventor of the 'aplanatic' telescope; appointed to chair of practical astronomy em-ted for his benefit, Edinburgh, 17H5; invented fluid lenses of media, consisting of metallic solutions, with t of removing the secondary spectrum; fellow of Royal Society of Edinburgh (1786), in whose Transactions appeared, 1794, an abridgment of his Experiments on Refrangibility of Light.
^ William Blair (1741–1782), captain, royal navy ; commander, 1777; captain, 1778; fought at Doggerbank, 1781; killed in battle off Dominica.
^ William Blair (1766–1822), surgeon; surgeon to Lock Hospital, the Asylum, Fiusbury and Bloomsbury dispensaries, female penitentiary, Peutonville, and New Rupture Society; M.R.C.S.; editedLondon Medical Review ami Magazine; published works on surgical and miscellaneous subjects, including stenography and cipher writing.
^ John Blak or Black (rf. 1563), Dominican friar of Aberdeen; stoned to death by protestants; wrote religious treatises.
^ Charles Blake (1664–1730), divine and poet; educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool and St. John's College, Oxford; M.A., 1688: D.D., 1696; successively prebendary of Chester and (1716) of York; archdeacon of York, 1720; published Latin verses.
^ Sir Francis Blake (1708–1780), mathematician ; assisted government in Durham during rebellion, 1745; baronet, 1774; F.R.S., 1746.
^ Sir Francis Blake (1738?–1818), political writer ; son of Sir Francis Blake (1708-1780); educated at Westminster and Trinity Hall, Cambridge; LL.B., 1763; published political tracts.
^ James Blake (1649–1728), Jesuit, known as James Cross; professed father of Society of Jesus, 1675 ; provincial in England, 1701.
^ John Bradby Blake (1745–1773), naturalist; supercargo in East India Company, Canton; collected Chinese plants and seeds, which were successfully propagated in Great Britain and the colonies.
^ Malachi Blake (1687–1760), dissenting minister; presbyterian minister of Blandford; published, 1735, account of fire at Blandford (1731).
^ Robert Blake (1599–1657), admiral and general at sea; entered St. Alban Hall, Oxford, 1615; removed to Wadham College; graduated; engaged in business of merchant; M.P. for Bridgwater, 1640 and 1645; took part in defence of Bristol against royalists, 1643; lieutenant-colonel of Popham's regiment; held Lyme against royalists, 1643-4: took, and held, Taunton, 1644-5; governor of Taunton, 1645; appointed admiral and general at sea, 1649; unsuccessfully blockaded Prince Rupert at Kinsale, 1649, and pursued him to Portugal, 1660; blockaded mouth of Tagus, 1650, and subsequently followed Rupert to Mediterranean and destroyed many of his ships; commanded squadron in Irish Sea, and reduced Scilly Islands, which were held by royalist privateers, 1G51; assisted in reduction of Jersey, 1661; member of council of state, 1651-2; with Rear-admiral Bourne, defeated Dutch under Tromp in Downs. 1652; defeated De Witt and De Ruyter off mouth of Thames, and, later, was defeated by Tromp off Dungeness, 1652; in company with Deane, Monck, and Penii, fought indecisive battle with Tromp off Portsmouth, 1653, the advantage being slightly with the English; took part in battle of 3 June, 1 653; engaged in admiralty business at London, and executive duties at Portsmouth; destroyed Turkish pirate fleet at Porto Farina, 1655; destroyed Spanish West Indian fleet at Santa Cru,, 1657; died of fever while returning to England. His body was buried in Westminster Abbey, but removed after Restoration.
^ Thomas Blake (1597?–1657), puritan; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford; took holy orders; joined covenanters, 1648; pastor successively at Shrewsbury and Tamworth; assistant to Cromwell's commissioners for ejecting ministers; published works on puritan theology.
^ William Blake (1773–1821), dissenting minister ; educated at Northampton under Horsey; presbyterian minister at Crewkerue, 1798-1821; published religious works.
^ William Blake (1757–1827), poet and painter; apprenticed to James Basire, engraver to Society of Antiquaries, 1771-8; executed plates for Gough's Sepulchral Monuments; student at Royal Academy, 1778; engraved plates for Harrison's Novelists Magazine; kept, in partnership, priutseller's shop in Broad Street, 1784-7; engraved and published Songs of Innocence 1789, and 'Songs of Experience 1794; employed by Johnson, the bookseller, on engravings for Mary Wollstonecraft's works, 1791; illustrated Young'sNight Thoughts (Edwards's edition), 1793-1800; made designs for Blair's 'Grave which were subsequently engraved by Schiavo; netti; executed series ofSpiritual Portraits c. 1818: executed and engraved Inventions to Book of Job his finest work, from 1820, and produced designs for Divina Commedia of which only seven were published, 1827; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1780-1808, hisProphetic Books(1793-1804), and most of his other works, engraved and coloured by hand. His favourite tenet, which he translated into art, was that all things exist in the human imagination alone
^ William Blakeley (1830–1897), actor; accompanied Sotherii on tour; appeared first in London at Prince of Wales's Theatre, 1867; at Olympic, 1871; with Sothern in America, 1880; at Criterion, with which his name is chiefly associated, 1881. Among his best parts I was Hardcastle in She stoops to conquer
^ Fletcher Blakely (1783–1862), Irish remonj straiit minister; graduated at Glasgow; presbyterian j minister of Moneyrea, co. Down, 1809-57; adopted uni! tariau principles; joined remonstrant secession from j synod of Ulster, 1829; joint-editor of Bible Christian 1830-3; published tracts and sermons.
^ Johnston Blakely (1781–1814), commander in United States navy: born in Dublin; entered United ! States navy, 1800; lieutenant, 1812; commanded sloop in I Channel, and captured English brig, 1814; lost in the Atlantic.
^ Sir Edward Blakeney (1778–1868), field-marshal; commanded 7th foot in Peninsular campaign, 1811I 1814; in Belgium and at Paris, 1815; colonel, 7th foot, ! 1832-54; cominander-m-chief in Ireland, 1838-55; colonel of 1st foot, 1854-68; governor of Chelsea Hospital, 1856; general, 1854; field-marshal, 1862.
^ Richard Paul Blakeney (1820–1884), divine ; B.A. Dublin, 1842; LL.D.; rural dean of Bridliugtou, ! 1876; canon of York, 1882; D.D. Edinburgh, 1868; pubj lished controversial works.
^ William Blakeney, Baron Blakeney (1672–1761), defender of Minorca; volunteered with army in Flanders; ensign, 1702; adjutant in Marlborough's campaigns; colonel, 1737; brigadier-general in expedition to Cartagena, 1741; major-general, and lieutenant-governor of Stirling Castle, 1744; defended Stirling against highlanders, 1746; lieutenant-general and lieutenant-governor of Minorca, 1747; gallantly defended Minorca against French, but, from want of reinforcements, was compelled to surrender. 1756; made K.B., colonel of Eimiskillen regiment, and a peer of Ireland.
^ Joseph Williams Blakesley (1808–1885), dean of Lincoln; educated at St. Paul's School and Corpus Christi and Trinity College, Cambridge, when he became a friend of Tennyson; M.A., 1834: B.D., 1849; fellow of Trinity, 1831; tutor, 1839-45; vicar of Ware, 1845-72; canon of Canterbury, 1863; proctor in convocation for his chapter; dean of Lincoln, 1872; wrote extensively for the Times. His chief work was an edition of Herodotus, 1852-4.
^ John Brickdale Blakeway (1765–1826), topographer; educated at Westminster and Oriel College, Oxford; M.A., 1795; called to bar at Lincoln's Inn, 1789; joined Oxford circuit: ordained, 1793: minister, 1794, and, subsequently, official of Royal Peculiar of St. Mary's, Shrewsbury; published history of Shrewsbury, l.s'25.
^ Nicholas Blaket (fl. 1753), Irish engraver; lived chiefly in Paris: associated with Fruucis Hayman, R.A., in producing st of English historical prints.
^ Robert Blakey (1795–1878), miscellaneous writer; of humble parentage; received private tuition; contributed to Newcastle Magazine and other periodicals; published philosophical works, 1831 and 1833; produced, 1838, Newcastle Liberator and, 1840, Northern Liberator and Champion newspapers; studied philosophy in France and Belgium; published History of Philosophy of Mind 1848; professor of logic and metaphysics, Queen's College, Belfast, 1848. His works include books on angling.
^ John Blakiston (1603–1649), regicide; mercer in Newcastle; excommunicated for puritanical principles; M.P. for Newcastle, 1641; one of Charles I's judges, signing his death-warrant.
^ John Blakiston (1785–1867), major; served at Assaye, at capture of Bourbon, Mauritius, and Java, and in Peninsular war; published reminiscences.
^ Thomas Wright Blakiston (1832–1891), explorer and ornithologist; son of preceding; educated at Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; commissioned in royal artillery, 1861; served in Crimea; member of scientific expedition under John Palliser for exploration of British North America between Canada and Rocky Mountains, 1857: served in Chinese war, 1859, and organised exploration of middle and upper course of Yangtsze-Kiang, 1861: resigned commission, 1862; settled as merchant in Hakodate, Japan, and engaged in ornithological and other investigations, on which he published various writings; died at San Diego, California; published Five Months on the Yang-tsze 1862.
^ John Blakman, Blakeman or Blackman (I. 1436-1448), biographer; fellow of Merton College, Oxford, 1436, and, later, was fellow of Eton; said to have been B.D. and monk of Charterhouse; wrote, in Latin, a memoir of Henry VI, published, 1732, by Thomas Hearne
^ Susanna Blamire (1747–1794), poetess; the 'Muse of Cumberland'; was associated with Catherine Gilpin. Some of her poems, which depict with admirable truth the Cumbrian folk, appeared in magazines, but no collection of them was published until 1842. She wrote several songs of high merit in Scottish dialect, including 4 The Traveller's Return and What ails this heart o mine V
^ William Blamire (1790–1862), tithe commissioner; nephew of Susanna Blamire; educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford; B.A., 1811; farmer at Thackwood Nook, Cumberland; high sheriff of Cumberland, 1828; whig M.P. for Carlisle, 1831; chief commissioner, 1836-51, for carry big into effect Tithe Commutation Bill of 1834; commissioner for carrying out Copyhold Enfranchisement Act, 1841; enclosure commissioner,
^ Edward Litt Laman Blanchard (1820-1889), miscellaneous writer; son of William Blanchard , whom he accompanied to New York, 1831: edited Chambers's London Journal 1841, and New London Magazine 1845. He produced pantomimes for Drury Lane for thirty-seven years, besides many other dramatic pieces, and contributed extensively to newspapers and periodicals.
^ Samuel Laman Blanchard (1804–1845), author; clerk to a proctor in DoctorsCommons; made acquaintance of Douglas Jerrold; joined travelling troop of actors; contributed to Monthly Magazine: secretary to Zoological Society, 1827-30; publishedLyric Offerings; acting editor of Monthly Magazine; edited 4 True Sun 1832-6, Constitutional 1836, awl Courier 1837-9 (all liberal papers), and Court Journal 1837; connected withExaminer 1841-5; editedGeorge Cruikeuank's Omnibus 1843; published L. E. Landou's i Life and Literary Remains 1841. Three volumes of his essays appeared in 1846.
^ William Blanchard (1769–1835), comedian: in office of his uncle, William Blanchard, proprietor of IYork Chroniole 1782; joined Welsh's travelling company of actors, 1785; became manager of several provincial theatres; played, 1800, Bob Acres at Coven t Garden, i where he remained almost continuously till death. His characters include Sir Hugh Evans, Fluellen, Meiienius, and Polonius.
^ William Isaac Blanchard (d. 1796), stenographer; practised as shorthand-writer in Westminster Hall, 1767-96; published two original systems of stenography,
^ Elizabeth Bland (fl. 1681–1712), hebraist ; rnfe Fisher; married, 1681: wrote in Hebrew a phylactery for Thoresby's Museeum Thoresbianum
^ Humphrey Bland (1686?-1763), general and military writer; obtained commission, 1704; served as lieutenant and captain in Marlborough's campaigns; at battle of Almanara, 1710; successively lieutenant-colonel and colonel of dragoons, and colonel of foot: quartermaster-general at headquarters, 1742; served in Flanders; major-general in Culloden campaign; governor of Gibraltar, 1749, and of Edinburgh, 1752-63; commauder-in-chief of forces in Scotland, 1753; published Treatise on Discipline 1727.
^ John Bland (d. 1555), Marian martyr; educated at Eton and Cambridge: M.A.: schoolmaster; rector of Adisham, Kent; opposed celebration of mass, 1553; burned at Canterbury.
^ John Bland (1702–1750), writing-master; educated at Westminster; clerk in custom-house, 1717; writing-master at academy in Little Tower Street, and subsequently established himself independently; published Essay on Writing 1730.
^ John Bland (d. 1788), dramatist ; author of drama, 'Song of Solomon 1750.
^ Maria Theresa Bland (1769–1838), vocalist; daughter of Italian Jews named Romanziui; first sang at Drury Lane, 1786; married the actor Bland, 1790; attached to Drury Lane almost continuously from 1789 to 1824, but sang also at Haymarket and Vauxhall; developed melancholia after 1824.
^ Miles Bland (1786–1868), mathematician; B.A., second wrangler, and Smith's prizeman, St. John's College, Cambridge, 1808; fellow, 1808; public mathematical examiner, 1817-18: prebendary of Wells and D.D., 1826; ; F.R.S.; F.S.A.; published mathematical works,
^ Nathaniel Bland (1803–1865), Persian scholar; educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford; B.A., 1825; contributed valuable papers to Royal Asiatic Society's Journal 1843-53; committed suicide.
^ Robert Bland , the elder (1730–1816), physician; M.D. St. Andrews, 1778; L.C.P., 1786; published works on midwifery.
^ Robert Bland , the younger (1779?–1825), divine; son of Robert Bland (1730-1816); educated at Harrow and Pembroke College, Cambridge: B.A., 1802; assistant master, Harrow; minister to English church, Amsterdam: held two English curacies; published works relating to Greek classics.
^ Tobias Bland (1563?–1604), divine; B.A. Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 1581; expelled from Corpus Christi College for libelling the master; M.A., 1584; B.D., 1591; sub-almoner to Elizabeth, 1694; canon of Peterborough, 1602.
^ William Bland (1789–1868), Australian statesman; son of.Robert Bland the elder; passed naval surgeon, fifth rate, 1809; exiled to Sydney for duelling, 1814; pardoned; practised surgery: imprisoned twelve months for libel; passed naval surgeon, 1826; member of i elective legislature for Sydney, 1843.
^ Walter Blandford (1619–1676), bishop ; fellow, Wadham College, Oxford, 1644; warden, 1669; prebendary of Gloucester; chaplain in ordinary to the king; vice-chancellor of the university, 1663; bishop of Oxford, 1665; dean of Chapel Royal; bishop of Worcester, 1671.
^ William Blandie or Blandy (fl. 1580), author; educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford; H.., ISM; fellow of Middle Temple; served with English army in Low Countries, 1580; published works relating to political and civil customs.
^ Mary Blandy (d. 1752), murderer : at the instance of her lover, William Henry, son of fifth Lord Cranstoun, poisoned her father, who objected to her engagement; convicted and hanged at Oxford.
^ Gilbert Blane (1739-1834), physician; M.D., Glasgow, 1778; private physician to Admiral Uixlney. whom lie aecompaninl to West Indies, 1779; physician to licet, 177-.I w:;:.-nine to KiiLrland with Iloduey, 1781, but n turned. 1782: L.O.P., 1781; did much to improve ry condition of navy; published work oil means for preserving health of seamen, 1780; physician at St. iaa'8 Hospital on return to England, 1783, till 1795: physician extraordinary, and later physician in ordinary nice of Wales, 1785: commissioner for sick and wounded seamen, 1795-1H02; assisted in framing rules lorming basis of Quarantine Act, 1799: sent to report on condition of army in Walcheren expedition, and arranged for transport of sick and wounded; created baronet, 1812: physician in ordinary to George IV; F.R.S.: published dissertations on medical subjects.
^ Henry Blaneforde (fl. 1330), chronicler ; monk of St. Albans; wrote chronicle for years 1323-4 (Cotton MSS. ClaudiusD. vi. )
^ Henry Francis Blanford (1834–1893), meteorologist and treologist; studied at Royal School of Mines; appointed to geological survey of India, 1855; professor at Presidency College, Calcutta, 1862-72; meteorological reporter to government of Bengal, 1872, and later to government of India: retired and returned to England, 1888: published scientific writings.
^ John Blankett (d. i80l), admiral : volunteer and midshipman at reduction of LouLsbourg, 1758, and Quebec, 1759; lieutenant, 1761; commander, 1779; served in East Indies; captain, 1780; in Mediterranean, 1783; commanded convoy to China, 1790; commodore of squadron sent to Cape of Good Hope, serving at reduction of that settlement; served in Egyptian operations; rear-admiral, 1799.
^ John Blaquiere , BARON de BLAQUIERE (1732–1812), politician: son of a French emigrant; under Lord Harcourt as secretary of legation in France, 1771-2, and chief secretary in Ireland, 1772-7; M.P. successively for several Irish and English constituencies: privy councillor, 1774; baronet, 1784; raised to Irish peerage, 1800.
^ William Blathwayt ( 1649?–1717), politician; secretary to Sir William Temple at the Hague, 1668; engaged in public business successively at Rome, Stockholm, and Copenhagen; secretary-at-war, 1683-1704; clerk of privy council, 1689; secretary of state with William III in Flanders; commissioner of trade. 1696-1706; M.P. for Newtown, Isle of Wight, 1685-8, and Bath, 1693-1710.
^ Andrew Thomas Blayney , eleventh Baron Blayney (1770-1834), lieutenant-general; ensign, 1789; captain, 1792; major in 89th regiment, part of which he rii-l in Ireland, 1794; served under Duke of York in nand'Ts. 1794-5; lieutenant-colonel of 89th regiment in Ireland, 1798; assisted in reduction of Malta; majoru'rneral in Peninsula, 1810; captured at Malaga; imprisoned in France. 1810-14; lieutenant-general, 1819; published account of his captivity, 1814.
^ Benjamin Blayney (1728–1801 ), Hebrew scholar; M.A. Worcester College, Oxford, 1753; fellow, and afterwards vice-principal, Hertford College; B.D., 1768; prepared for Clarendon Press edition of authorised version of bible. 1769; regius professor of Hebrew, canon of Christ riraivh, und D.D, 1787; published dissertations on and translations of Old Testament Scriptures.
^ Bledri surnamed DDOETH, or the Wise (d. 1022?), perhaps bishop of Llandaff between 995 and 1005.
^ Henry Arthur Bleeck ( 1H27V-1877), orientalist; successively employed in Iritish Museum and inland transport corps at Sinope during (rimean war: published works on oriental languages and a translation of the A vesta
^ Wilhelm Heinrich Immanuel Bleek (1K27-IH75). philologist: born at Berlin; educated at Bonn and Berlin: set out with W. I. Blaikie in expedition up N'iger, 18M: interpreter to Sir George Grey at Capetown, 1H57. and subsequently librarian to Grey's library; published works on South African languages.
^ Ralph Blegborough (1769–1827), physician; I educated:it Kdinburgh and Guy's and St. Thomas's hospitals; M.D. Aberdeen, 1804; L.C.P., 1805; devoted himself exclusively to midwifery.
^ John Blencow or Blincow (fl. 1640), divine ; fellow, St. John's College, Oxford, 1627; B.C.L., 1633; probably expelled from fellowship, 1648.
^ Sir John Blencowe (1642–172(5), judge; called to bar at Inner Temple, 1673; master of the bench, 1687; I serjeiint-at-law, 1G89; M.P. for Brackley, Northamptou , shire, 1690-5; baron of exchequer, 1696; probably re moved to king's bench, 1G97, and to common pleas, 1714; knighted, 1714; retired, 1722.
^ William Blencowe (1683–1712), decipherer; ; son of Sir John Bleucowe; B.A. Magdalen College, Oxford, 1701; fellow of All Souls, 1702; M.A., 1704; dej cipherer to government, 1703; shot himself during temporary insanity.
^ Thomas Blenerhasset (1550?–1625?), poet; educated at Cambridge; entered army; captain at Guernsey Castle; one of undertakers for plantation of Ulster, 1610. His publications include an expansion (1678) of theMirrour for Magistratesand a work on jPlantation in Ulster
^ John Blenkinsop (1783–1831), one of pioneers of the locomotive: engaged hi Middletou collieries, near Leeds; obtained, 1811, patent for double cylinder locomotive worked by means of racked rail and toothed wheel, which was successfully tested, 1812. Locomotives made upon the Blenkinsop pattern were employed regularly from 1812.
^ William Blenkiron (1807?–1871), breeder of racehorses; farmer in Yorkshire; manufacturer of stocks and collars, 1845; kept racehorses at Dalston, and subsequently at Middle Park, Kent, Waltham Cross, and Esher, his stud becoming the most celebrated in Europe.
^ Harman Blennerhasset (1764?–1831), lawyer; educated at Westminster and Dublin; B.A., and LL.B., 1790; travelled on continent, adopted republican principles, and settled, 1798, near Parkersburg on the Ohio; became implicated in schemes of Aaron Burr; arrested, but released, 1807; lawyer in Montreal, 1819; retired to Guernsey.
^ Marguerite Blessington , COUNTESS of (1789-1849), authoress; n6e Power; married, 1804, captain Maurice Farmer (d. 1817), from whom she separated almost immediately; married, 1818, Charles John Gardiner, firstearl of Blessington; travelled on continent with her husband and Alfred, count d'Orsay, 1822: made acquaintance of Byron; settled in Paris, 1828; removed to London, 1831; published her first novel, Cassidy 1833; edited 'Book of Beautyfrom 1834, andThe Keepsake 18411849; contributed toDaily Newson its foundation, 1846; became bankrupt, 1849, and fled to Paris to Count d'Orsay, who had lived with her for some years; died in Paris. Her first book,The Magic Lantern was published anonymously, 1822, and between 1833 and 1847 she produced numerous works of fiction and personal reminiscence.Country Quarters a novel, appeared posthumously in 1850.
^ William Blethyn (d, 1590), divine : educated at Oxford; bishop of Llandaff, 1575.
^ William John Blew (1808–1894), liturgiologist : M.A. Wadham College, Oxford, 1832; curate of Nuthurst, 1832-40, and of St. Anne's, Soho, 1840-2; incumbent of St. John's, Milton-next-Gravesend, 1842-60; published edition of Aberdeen Breviary 1864, translations from Greek, and other works. I
^ Jonas Blewitt (d. 1805), organist, in city of London: published a Treatise on the Organ and musical compositions.
^ Jonathan Blewitt (1780?–1853), composer: son of Jonas Blewitt; organist successively in London, Haverhill, Brecon, Sheffield,:iud at St. Andrew's, Dublin; in London, 1826; produced numerous pantomime compositions; at different times musical director at Theatre Royal, Dublin, Sadler's Wells, and Vauxhull.
^ Octavian Blewitt (1810–1884), secretary, Royal Literary Fund; studied medicine at infirmary of St. George's, Hanover Square, London: secretary of Royal Literary Fund, 1839-84; knight of the order of Leopold, 1872; published topographical and other works.
^ Sir Charles Blicke (1745–1815), surgeon; surgeon of St. Bartholomew's Hospital, 1787; governor of College of Surgeons, 1801: knighted, 1803; edited Essay on Yellow Fever of Jamaica 1772, anonymous,
^ Thomas Bligh (1685–1775), lieutenant-general; Irish M.P. for Athboy, co. Meath, 1715; captain, 1717; lieutenant-colonel, 6th horse; colonel of 20th foot, 1740; brigadier-general, 1745; major-general, 1747; colonel, 6th horse, 1747; lieutenant-general, 1754; commanded unsuccessful expedition against French to create diversion in favour of Ferdinand of Brunswick, 1758; retired, 1759.
^ Richard Bligh (1780–1838?), chancery barrister; educated at Westminster and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1806; published legal works.
^ Sir Richard Rodney Bligh (1737–1821), admiral; entered navy, 1751; commander under Rodney in West Indies, 1762; captured by French, 1793; rearadmiral, 1794: released, 1795; second in command in Jamaica, 1796-9; vice-admiral, 1799; commander-inchief at Leith, 1803-4; admiral, 1804; G.C.B., 1820. liral; entered
^ William Bligh (1754–1817), vice-admiral navy and accompanied Cook as sailing-master in second voyage round world, 1772-4, and discovered bread-fruit at Otaheite; lieutenant; commanded vessel sailing to Otaheite to obtain bread-fruit plants, 1787; cast adrift in open boat by his mutinous crew; landed at Timor, 1789; reached England, 1790; poet-captain; sailed to Society Islands, 1791; received Society of Artsmedal, 1794; F.R.S., 1801; captain-general and governor of New South Wales, 1805; forcibly deposed, 1808, and imprisoned till 1810; returned to England, 1811; rear-admiral, 1811, and vice-admiral of blue, 1814.
^ William Blight (1785–1862), rear-admiral; lieutenant, 1803; at Trafalgar, 1805; agent for transports, Palermo, 1812-14; commander, 1821; post-captain, 1830; retired as rear-admiral, 1855.
^ Mathilde Blind (1841–1896), poetess; born at Mannheim; daughter of a banker named Cohen; adopted name of Blind; came to London, c. 1849; published 'Poeme by Claude Lake 1867,The Prophecy of St. Oran 1881,The Heather on Fire 1886,Ascent of Man 1888,Dramas in Miniature 1891,Songs and Sonnets 1893, and Birds of Passage 1895. She translated Strauss'sOld Faith and New 1873-4, andJournal of Marie Bashkirteeff 1890.
^ Nathaniel Bliss (1700–1764), astronomer; M.A. Pembroke College, Oxford, 1723; rector of St. Ebbe's, Oxford, 1736; Savilian professor of geometry and F.R.R., 1 742; assisted Bradley at Royal Observatory: astronomerroyal, 1762-4. Observations made under his supervision were published in 1806.
^ Philip Bliss (1787–1857), antiquary ; educated at Merchant Taylors School and St. John's College, Oxford; fellow, 1809; D.C.L., 1820; ordained priest, 1818; under librarian of Bodleian, 1822-8: university registrar, 18241853; keeper of archives, 1826-67; registrar of university court, 1831: principal of St. Mary Hali, 1848-67; deputy professor of civil law: compiled and edited many antiquarian works, including editions of Wood's Athenae Oxonienses 1813-20, and Reliquiae Hearnianae 1867.
^ Walter Blith (fi. 1649), agricultural writer: published, 1649, The English Improver, or a new Survey of Husbandry reissued, 1652, asThe English Improver Improved He was probably a captain in parliamentary army.
^ William Blitheman or Blytheman (d. 1591), organist and gentleman of the chapel under Klizabeth; left musical compositions in manuscript. Dr. John Bull was perhaps his pupil.
^ Thomas Blizard (1772–1838), surgeon; nephew of Sir William Blizard; surgeon to London Hospital; published surgical writings.
^ Sir William Blizard (1743–1836), surgeon; studied at London and St. Bartholomew's hospitals; surgeon, 1780, to London Hospital, where, with Dr. Maclaurin, he founded medical school, 1785; F.R.S., 1787; twice president of College of Surgeons; published medical writings.
^ Henry Ferdinand Blochmann (1838–1878), orientalist; born at Dresden; studied oriental languages at Leipzig and Paris; came to England and enlisted in British army, 1858; vrent as private soldier to India, obtained employment in office at Fort William, received discharge, and entered service of Peninsular and Oriental Company as interpreter; assistant professor of Arabic and Persian, in Calcutta Madrasa, 1860-2; M.A. and LL.D. Calcutta, 1861; professor of mathematics, Doveton College, 1862-5; returned to the Madrasa, 1865, and ultimately became principal; published oriental works, including translation of first volume of Ain-i-Akbari of Abiil-FazL
^ Robert Bloet, Bluet, or Bloett (d. 1123), Norman divine; chancellor successively to William the Conqueror and William II; consecrated bishop of Lincoln, 1094; justiciary under Henry I; besieged Tickhill, Robert of Belesme's castle, for the king, 1102.
^ Peter de Blois (. 1190).
^ William Nicholas Blomberg (1702?–1750), divine; M.A. Merton College, Oxford, 1726; fellow; held livings in Middlesex and Kent; published life of his grandfather, Edmund Dickinson, M.D.
^ Richard Blome (f. 1705), publisher and compiler; issued many splendid works by the aid of subscriptions adroitly levied. His publications include editions of Guillim'sDisplay of Heraldrie 1660 and 1679:Geographical Description of... the World 1670; and Britannia 1673.
^ Francis Blomefield (1705–1752), topographer; B.A. Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, 1727; rector of Hargham, 1729-30; held living of Fersfield, 1730; set up private press, 1736, and began to issue in numbers his 4 History of Norfolk 1739; died leaving the third volume unfinished. The published volumes, chiefly based on Le Neve's collections, contained accounts of Thetford and Norwich. His work was continued by the Rev. Charles Parkin, and ultimately finished by a hack writer, the whole being republished, 1805-10.
^ Leonard Blomefield , formerly Leonard Jenyns (1800–1893), naturalist; educated at Eton and St. John's College, Cambridge; B.A., 1822; curate, 1823, and vicar, 1828-49, of Swaffham Bulbeck, Cambridgeshire; published Manual of British Vertebrate Animals 1836; removed successively to South Stoke, near Bath, 1860, Swainswick, 1852, and Bath, 1860; founder, 1885, and first president of Bath Natural History and Antiquarian Field Club; presented to the town of Bath the Jenyns Library; member of Linnean Society and of I Cambridge Philosophical Society, 1822; original member 1 of Zoological (1826), Entomological (1834), and Ray (1844) societies; adopted name of Blomefield, 1871; published* writings relating to natural history and an autobiography (privately printed, 1889).
^ Miles Blomefield (1625–1574?), alchemist: licensed physician by Cambridge University; practised at Bury St. Edmunds; published works on alchemy.
^ Sir Thomas Blomefield (1744–1822), majorI general; joined navy, but entered as cadet military academy, Woolwich, 1758: lieutenant fire-worker, c, 1759; commanded bomb- ketch at bombardment of Havre; joined Hawke's fleet at Quiberon; personal aide-de-camp successively to General Conway and Lord Townshend, master general of ordnance, 1771: brigade-major to Brigadier Phillips in Aim-riran war; wounded at Saratoga; captain insprctor of artillery, and superintendent of Royal Kniss Foundry, 17W): entrusted with reorganisation of onlnance department, 1783; lieutenant-colonel, 1793; colonel, 1800; major-general, 1803; colonel-commandant of battalion, 1HU6; commanded artillery in Copenhagen expedition, 1807; created baronet,
^ Sir Arthur William Blomfield (1829–1899), architect; son of Charles James Blomfleld; edu(itf.1;it Kiitfby and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., ticlol to I'hilip Charles Hardwick (1822-1892), son of 1'hilip I lard wick; opened office in Adelphi Trrm.v 1S56: president of Architectural Association, l-l, F.R.I.B.A., 1867, and vice-president, 1886; architect to Bank of England, 1883; associated with Arthur Edmund Street, sou of George Edmund Street, in i-nvtion of Law Courts in London, 1881; A.R.A., 1888; i, 1889. His works include Sion College Library on Thames Embankment, Queen's School at Eton College, the scheme for Church House, Dean's Yard, Westminster, and many churches in England and abroad. He made important restorations in the cathedrals of Salisbury, Canterbury, Lincoln, and Chichester.
^ Charles James Blomfield (1786–1867), bishop of London; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1808; fellow; presented to St. Botolph, Bishopsgate; bishop of Chester, 1H24; translated to see of London, 1828; instituted, 1836, for building and endowing churches in metropolis a fund which, 1854, was merged in London Diocesan Church Building Society; in the Tractarian movement (c. 1842) upheld definitely the views of neither party while agreeing on some points with both; edited five plays of scbylus, with notes and glossaries, three Greek lyric poets for Gaisford's Poetae Minores Graeci (1823), and contributed on classical subjects to magazines.
^ Edward Valentine Blomfield (1788–1816), classical scholar; brother of Charles James Blomfield ; B.A. Caius College, Cambridge, 1811: first chancellor's classical medallist; classical lecturer and fellow, Emmanuel College, till death. His chief work, a translation of Matthias'sGreek Grammar appeared posthumously, edited by his brother.
^ Ezekiel Blomfield (1778–1818), nonconformist divine; minister at Wymondham; founded Norfolk and Norwich Auxiliary British and Foreign Bible Society; partner of Brightley, printer, of Bungay; published various compilations.
^ Jacques Cristophe Blon (1670–1741). See Le Blon.
^ James Augustus Blondel (d. 1734), physician : born in Paris; M.D. Leyden, 1692; practised in London; L.O.P., 1711; published medical writings.
^ Holcroft Blood (1660?-1707), general; son of Thomas Blood: served at sea in Dutch war, 1672, and in Irish campaigns after 1688; rendered signal service as engineer, Namur, 1696, and Hochstadt, c. 1703; subsequently promoted brigadier-generaL
^ Thomas Blood (1618?–1680), adventurer: obtained estates in Ireland which were forfeited at Restoration; headed unsuccessful attempt to take Dublin Castle from royalists, 1663; escaped arrest, and subsequently fled to Holland; returned to England, associated with Fifth-monarchy men, and later with covenanters till 1666; attempted, perhaps at Buckingham's instigation, to assassinate Duke of Ormonde, who, however, escaped, 1670; formed an elaborate plan, 1671, to steal the crown jewels, and actually with an accomplice made off with the crown and globe, but was arrested; obtained admission to Charles IPs presence, gained his favour, and received back his Irish estates; committed by court of king's bench for slander of Buckingham, 1680, but received bail.
^ Benjamin Bloomfield , first Baron Bloomfield (1768–1846), lieutenant-general ; second lieutenant, royal artillery, 1781; chief equerry to Prince of Wales, c. 1806; major-general, 1814; knighted, 1816; keeper of privy purse and receiver of duchy of Lancaster, 1817; minister plenipotentiary at Stockholm, 1824: raised to Iwsh peerage, 1825; commanded garrison at Woolwich.
^ John Arthur Douglas Bloomfield , second Baron Bloomfield (1802–1879), diplomatist: son of Benjamin Bloomfleld; joined diplomatic service, 1818; envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary at St. Petersburg, 1844, and Berlin, 1851; envoy extraordinary and plenipotentiary to emperor of Austria, 1860-71; created peer of United Kingdom, 1871.
^ Robert Bloomfield (1766–1823), poet ; worked as shoemaker under his brother George, in London; endured extreme poverty; wrote his Farmer's Boy c. 1798 (published 1800); under-sealer in seal office, 1802; manufactured JEolian harps; embarked unsuccessfully in book-trade; visited Wales and wrote Banks of the Wye 1811. A collected edition of his works appeared in 1821.
^ Joseph Bloor (d. 1846), assistant at Robert Bloor's Old Derby China Works.
^ Robert Bloor (rf. 1846), ceramist, brother of Joseph Bloor; worked in and, r. 1811, bought Old Derby China Works.
^ Edward Blore (1787–1879), architect and artist; sou of Thomas Blore; employed on illustrations for his father's History of Rutland Britton's English Cathedrals and Surtees's Antiquities of Durham; built Sir Walter Scott's house at Abbotsford, c. 1816; managed production of Scott'sProvincial Antiquities of Scotland; architect to William IV and Quern Victoria, and to Westminster Abbey; F.R.S.; F.S.A.; hon. D.C.L. Oxford, 1834; published Monumental Remains of Eminent Persons 1824.
^ Robert Blore (d. 1866?), manufacturer of porcelain biscuit figures in Bridge Gate, Derby; apprenticed at Old Derby China Works.
^ Thomas Blore (1764–1818), topographer; solicitor at Derby, and, later, at Hopton; entered Middle Temple, 1795; published topographical writings and left manuscript collections for history of Hertfordshire,
^ Charles Blount, fifth Baron Mountjoy (d. 1545), son of William Blount, fourth baron; page to Queen Catherine; served with Henry VIII in France, 1544; patron of learning.
^ Charles Blount, Earl of Devonshire and eighth Baron Mountjoy (1563-1606), grandson of Charles Blount, fifth baron; M.A. Oxford, 1589: entered Inner Temple; came to court, c. 1583: M.P. for Beeralston, 1584, 1586, and 1593; knighted, 1586; served in Netherlands, in pursuit of Armada, and in Brittany, 1586-93; captain of town and island of Portsmouth, 1594; lieutenant of land forces in Essex's expedition to Azores, 1597; K.G., 1597; implicated in Essex's conspiracy, but escaped punishment; lord deputy of Ireland, 1601; put down Tyrone's rebellion; reinstated deputy by James I: styled lord-lieutenant, 1603; suppressed disaffection resulting from military occupation; returned to England, and was created Earl of Devonshire, 1603; master of ordnance, 1603; keeper of Portsmouth Castle, 1604; commissioner to discharge office of earl marshal, 1605; married, 1605, Lord Rich's divorced wife, Essex's sister, Penelope, with whom he had contracted a liaison in early life.
^ Charles Blount (1654–1693), deist; son of Sir Henry Blount; author of freethinking books which have caused him to be considered as a link between Herbert of Cherbury and Toland. These include Anima Mundi an attack on priestcraft entitledGreat is Diana of the Ephesians 1680: and a translation with notes of The Two First Books of Apollonius Tyaneus 1680. He published also political papers of whig tendency, and a Vindication of Liberties of the Press.
^ Sir Christopher Blount (1565?–1601), soldier; probably younger brother of Charles, earl of Devonshire ; gentleman of horse to Elizabeth; served in Netherlands; knighted, 1588; married, c. 1589, widow of first Earl of Essex (d. 1576); colonel of land force, and, later, camp master in Essex's expedition to Cadiz, 1596; joined attempt on Azores, 1597; M.P. for Staffordshire, 1597; marshal of Essex's army in Ireland, 1599; assisted in Essex's conspiracy against government, and was executed on Tower Hill.
^ Edward Blount or Blunt (fl. 1588–1632), stationer; freeman of Stationers Company, 1588; published Florio's Italian and English Dictionary 1596, and translation of Montaigne's i;." Marlowe's 'Hero and Leander 1598, Shelton's Don Quixote 1620, the first folio of Shakespeare's Works with Isaac Jaggard and others, 1623, and Lyly's Sixe Court Comedies .. besides Are Aulica 1607, and other translations by himself.
^ Sir Henry Blount (1602–1682), traveller; B.A. Trinity College, Oxford, 1618; entered Gray's Inn; travelled on continent and in Egypt; published Voyage to the Levant 1636; knighted, 1640; sided with royalists in civil war.
^ Sir James Blount (d. 1493), lieutenant of Hammes, 1476; son of Walter Blouut, first baron Montjoy (d. 1474) ; knighted, 1485.
^ Sir John Blount (fl. 1413), governor of Calais; son of Sir Walter Blount; K.G., 1413; at siege of Rouen, 1418.
^ Sir John Blount, third Baron Mountjoy (d. 1485), second son of Walter Blount, first baron; captain of Guisnes and Hammes, 1477.
^ Martha Blount (1690–1762), friend of Pope; educated at Hammersmith and in Paris; made acquaintance of Pope as early as 1705: Pope dedicated to her his 'Epistle on Women 1735, and at his death bequeathed her considerable property.
^ Mountjoy Blount, Baron Mountjoy and Earl of Newport (1597?-1666), natural son of Charles Blount, earl of Devonshire, by Penelope, lady Rich; created Baron Mountjoy, in Irish peerage, 1618, and in English peerage. 1627; served in Low Countries, 1622; created Earl of Newport, Isle of Wight, 1628; rear-admiral of fleet in Rochelle expedition, 1628; accompanied Charles I to Scotland, 1639; joined opposition in the Lords to Charles I in Long parliament; constable of Tower, 1641; fought with king's forces in Yorkshire, 1642; lieutenant-general under Duke of Newcastle; quarrelled with Newcastle and was imprisoned in Pomfret Castle, and subsequently committed to custody of gentleman usher of House of Lords, 1643; released, 1644; fought for king at Newbury, 1644; taken prisoner at Dartmouth, 1646; released on bail; committed to Tower on suspicion of treason, 1655; pensioned as gentleman of bedchamber, 1662.
^ Richard Blount (1565–1638) Jesuit; educated at Oxford, English College, Douay (temporarily removed to Rheims), and Rome; ordained priest, 1589; went to Spain and came thence to England, 1591, in disguise; entered Society of Jesus in England, 1696; professed of four vows, 1608; superior of English missions, 1617; provincial, 1623; lived in hiding in London.
^ Sir Thomas Blount (d. 1400), supporter of Richard II; deputy king'snaperer 1377; joined barons insurrection against Henry IV, 1399; captured and executed near Oxford.
^ Sir Thomas Blount (ft. 1422), treasurer of Calais in Henry VI's reign; son of Sir Walter Blount; founded chantry at Newark, 1422.
^ Thomas Blount (fl. 1668), parliamentarian colonel; on committee of Kent, 1643; imprisoned, 1660; member of Royal Society, 1666; noted for several ingenious inventions.
^ Thomas Blount (1613–1679), miscellaneous writer; entered Inner Temple; compelled, being Roman catholic, to flee from bis home during agitation due to popish plot, 1678; published historical, legal, and other works, including Academic of Eloquence 1654,Glossographia 1686,A Law Dictionary 1670,Fragmenta An tiquitatis, Ancient Tenures of Land 1679, andBoscobel 1660, a history of Charles II's escape after battle of Worcester. He left in manuscript a History of Hereford now lost.
^ Sir Thomas Pope Blount (1649–1697), politician; son of Sir Henry Blount; created baronet, 1679; M.P. for St. Albans; knight of shire for Hertford: commissioner of accounts in House of Commons; publishedCensura celebriorum Authorum 1690,A Natural History 1693, Remarks on Poetry 1694, andEssays on several Subjects 1G'J2.
^ Sir Walter Blount (d. 1403), soldier; accompanied Black Prince to Spain, 1367; probably went with John of Gaunt to Castile, 1386; one of Gaunt's executors, 1399; M.P. for Derbyshire, 1399; killed at buttle of Shrewsbury. He figures as Blunt in Shakespeare's 1 Henry IV
^ Walter Blount , first Baron Mountjoy (d. 1474), lord high treasurer of England ; grandson of Sir Walter Blount; fought for Yorkists at Towton, 1461; knighted; governor of Calais; high treasurer of England, and raised to peerage, 1465; K.G.
^ William Blount (d. 1471), son of Walter Blount (d. 1474); killed fighting for Edward IV at Barnet.
^ William Blount , fourth BARON MOUNTJOY t (d. 1534), statesman and patron of learning: grandson of Walter Blount (d. 1474); privy councillor; studinl in Paris, c. 1496, under Erasmus, whom he brought to 1 England, 1498; became intimate with Prince Henry, afterwards Henry VIII; served against Perkin Warbeck, 1497: lieutenant of marches of Calais, 1509; bailiff of Tournai, 1514-17; attended Henry VIII at Field of Cloth of Gold, 1520, and at meeting with Charles V at Dover, 1522; master of mint; K.G. Among the scholars whom he befriended were Erasmus, Leland, Richard Whytfonie, i Battus, and Richard Sampson.
^ James Blow (d. 1759), printer ; apprenticed to J Patrick Neill, at Glasgow, and was subsequently his 3 assistant in Belfast; printed works for the presbyterians, 'Church Catechism in Irish and English 1722, and some editions of the bible, after c. 1726.
^ John Blow (1648–1708), composer ; one of children of Chapel Royal, 1660; organist of Westminster Abbey, j 1669-80; master of the children of Chapel Royal, 1674; organist of Chapel Royal, 1676; composer in ordinary to James II, 1685; almoner and master of choristers at St. Paul's Cathedral, 1687-93; composer to Chapel Royal, 1699; buried in Westminster Abbey. His compositions include anthems for Divine Services and Anthems 1663, the Club Anthem I will always give thanks 1663, duet to Herrick's Goe, per jur'd man Venus and Adonis (a masque never printed), and a collection of part-songs.
^ Samuel Blower (d. 1701), nonconformist divine; . ejected from fellowship at Magdalen and, 1662, from Woodstock, Oxfordshire; subsequently founded Castle Hill meeting-house, Northampton.
^ Andrew Bloxam (1801–1878)), divine ; educated at Rugby and Worcester College, Oxford, fellow; made collection of natural-history specimens on voyage to Sandwich Islands, 1824; wrote works relating to natural history.
^ John Rouse Bloxam (1807–1891), historian of Magdalen College; educated at Rugby and Worcester and Magdalen Colleges, Oxford: M.A., 1836; D.D., 1847; fellow of Magdalen College, 1836-63; pro-proctor of university, 1841; held various offices at his college till 1862: he was in full sympathy with the Tractarians; vicar of Upper Seeding, Sussex, 1862-91; published and left in manuscript valuable collections relating to the history of Magdalen College.
^ Matthew Holbeche Bloxam (1806–1888), antiquary; brother of John Rouse Bloxam; educated at Rugby, where he was articled as solicitor; clerk to magistrates for Rugby division, 1832-72; F.S.A., 1863; published, 1829,Principles of Gothic Architecture (issued in an enlarged form, 1882), and other architectural and antiquarian works.
^ John Bloxham (d. 1334?), Carmelite of Chester; educated at Oxford; provincial of his order in England; wrote religious works.
^ John Bloxham (d. 1387), warden of Merton College, Oxford; bachelor of theology, Oxford; seventh warden of Merton, 1376.
^ John le Blund or Blunt (d. 1248), divine; educated at Oxford and Paris; canon of Chichester; chancellor of York; nominated archbishop of Canterbury by Peter des Roches and elected, 1232, but the pope refused assent and the election was annulled.
^ Henry Blundell (17-1 1810), art collector made at Ince-Blundell Hull, Lam-ashire, valuable collection of pictures, statuary, and other works of art; published works relating to his collection.
^ James Blundell (1790–1877), physician; M.D. Edinburgh, 1813: lectured on midwifery at Guy's Hospital; L.t.l, 1S1H; F.C.P., 1838; published medical works.
^ Peter Blundell (1520–1601), merchant; of humble origin; accumulated great wealth as merchant ainl inanufai'tiirer in kersey trade; endowed Blundell's ;ol 1004), Tiverton.and left considerable sums for charitable purposes.
^ William Blundell (1620–1698), topographer; -:ipt;iin of dragoons in royalist army, 1642; wounded at LanrusttT. He left a topographical manuscript relating to Isle of Man (published 1876-7), and other writings.
^ Randulph de Blundevill, EARL OF CHESTER . li'3'J), warrior and statesman; succeeded as earl of Cli-ter, 1180: married Constance, widow of Geoffrey, son (-1 Henry 11,1187; joined, in Richard's interest, in siege of Nottingham, 1194: accompanied Richard to Normandy; quarrelled with Constance and imprisoned her in castle of St. Jean Beverou, 1196; married Clemence, sister of Geoffrey, c. 1200; accompanied John abroad, 1199; led armies engaged in Welsh wars, 1210 seq.; accompanied John to Poitou, 1214; took John's and, later, Henry Ill's ivrainst barons, 1215; with Fulk de Breaute stormed and plundered Worcester, 1216; laid siege unsuccessfully to .Moimtsorrel, Leicestershire, and shared in royalist victory at Lincoln, 1217; received earldom of Lincoln; went to Holy Land, 1218; joined in siege of Damietta, 1219; deserted royal party and plotted ineffectually with Aumale and De Breaute to surprise the Tower and obtain dismissal of Hubert de Burgh, but ultimately submitted; took part with Henry in siege of Nantes, 1230, and was left in Brittany with Aumale and William Marshall in charge of the army; returned to England, 1231.
^ Thomas de Blundeville or Blunville (d. 1236), bishop of Norwich; nephew of Hubert de Burgh; clerk in exchequer; bishop of Norwich, 1226.
^ Thomas Blundeville (fl. 1561), writer on horsemanship; inherited and lived on estate at Newton Flotman; published The fower chiefyst offices belonging to Horsemanshippe, 1565-6, and works on horses, government, education of young gentlemen, logic, and astronomy.
^ Arthur Cecil Blunt (1844–1896). See Arthur Cecil.
^ Henry Blunt (1794–1843), divine; educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool and Pembroke College, Cambridge: B.A., 1817; fellow; vicar of Clare, Suffolk, 1820: incumbent, 1830. and rector, 1832, Trinity Church, Sloane stm;t: rector of Streatham, 1835-43; published religious works, including lectures on the life of Christ,
^ John le Blunt (d. 1248). See Blund.
^ John Henry Blunt (1823–1884), divine ; engaged in business as manufacturing chemist; entered University College, Durham, 1850; M.A., 1855; vicar of Kenuington, near Oxford, 1868; held crown living of Beverston, Gloucestershire, 1873-84; D.D., 1882; published works of theology and ecclesiastical history.
^ John James Blunt (1794–1855), divine ; B.A. and fellow, St. John's College, Cambridge, 1816; M.A., 1819; B.D., 1826; appointed a Wort's travelling bachelor, 1818; travelled in Italy and Sicily, and published results of observations; preached (and afterwards published) Hulsean Lectures, 1831 and 1832; rector of Great Oakley, Essex, 1834-9; Lady Margaret professor of divinity, 1839; author of sermons, lectures, and other theological works, some of which were published posthumously.
^ Richard Blyke (d. 1775), antiquary; P.R.S.; F.S.A.; deputy-auditor of office of imprest: clerk of journals, 1764: left manuscript collections for topographical history of Herefordshire.
^ John Blysse (d. 1630), physician; B.A. Oxford, 1507; M.C.P., 1525; leftastronomical tablesat Merton College, Oxford, now lost.
^ Sir Arthur Blyth (1823–1891), premier of South Australia: born and educated at Iirminham: v.x-iit to South Australia, 1H39; engagedin business as ironmonger in Adelaide; member of Adelaide chamber of commerce: member for Yatala district in legislative council, 1855: member for Gumeracha in first elected council, 1857, and 1870; commissioner of works, 1857 and 1868-60; treasurer, 1860-1, 1862, and 1866; commissioner of lands and immigration, 1864-5 and 1870-1; chief secretary and premier, 1866-7; premier and treasurer, 1871-2; premier, 1873-5; member for North Adelaide, 1875; treasurer, 1876: agent-general for the colony in England, 1x77; K.C.M.G., 1877; C.B., 1886.
^ Edward Blyth (1810–1873), zoologist: druggist at Tooting; curator of museum of Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta, 1841; returned to England with pension, 1862; published catalogues of the museum and other zoological works.
^ Geoffrey Blythe (d. 1530), bishop of Lichfleld and Coventry; educated at Eton and King's College, Cambridge; prebendary of York, and archdeacon of Cleveland, 1493; treasurer of church of Sarum, 1494; prebendary of St. Paul's, c. 1496: dean of York, 1496; master of King's Hall, 1499-1528; prebendary and archdeacon of Sarum, 1499; bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, 1503; LL.D.; lord-president of Wales, 1512-1524.
^ Geoffrey Blythe (d. 1542), divine ; M.A. King's College, Cambridge, 1523; LL.D., 1529; master of King's Hall, Cambridge, 1528.
^ John Blythe (d. 1499), bishop of Salisbury: warden of King's Hall, Cambridge, 1488; master of rolls, 1492; bishop of Salisbury, 1494; chancellor of Cambridge University, 1493-6.
^ John Dean Blythe (1842–1869), miscellaneous writer; successively factory band, newspaper reporter at Ashtou-under-Lyne, and assistant in a Manchester firm; left miscellaneous writings, selections from which were published posthumously.
^ James Boaden (1762–1839), journalist; editor of 'Oraclenewspaper, 1789: studied at Middle Temple; wrote several successful plays and published an exposure (1796) of the Ireland Shakespearean forgeries, a work (1837) on Shakespeare's Sonnets identifying Mr. W. H. with William Herbert (afterwards Earl of Pembroke), and biographies of actors and actresses.
^ John Boaden (d. 1839), portrait painter; son of James Boaden; exhibited at Royal Academy, 18101833.
^ Boadicea (d. 62), wife of Prasutagus, king (d. c. 60), of Iceni of Norfolk and Suffolk, who revolted ineffectually against Ostorius, c. 60: headed revolt of Iceni and Trinobautes, destroyed Camulodunum and Londiniurn, and, being at length defeated by Suetonius Paullinus, took poison.
^ John Boag (1775–1863), compiler of the Imperial Lexicon; educated at Glasgow; joined congregationalista and acted for many years as evangelist; pastor and schoolmaster at Blackburn, Linlithgowshire; published Imperial Lexicon (c. 1847-8), which held its own until publication of Ogilvie's Dictionary.
^ Andrew Boardman, Bordman, Bourdman, or Bourman (1550?–1639), divine; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1575: D.D., 1594: Lady Margaret fellow, 1573; Greek lecturer, 1580; junior bursar, 1582; held livings at Allchurch, Warwickshire, 1586-1639.
^ Charles William Boase (1828–1895), historian; B.A. Exeter College, Oxford, 1860; fellow, 1860; M.A., 1853; ordained deacon, 1855; tutor, 1855-84; lecturer in Hebrew, 1859-69, and in modern history, 1855-94; university reader in modern history, 1884-94; honorary secretary of Oxford Historical Society, 1884; published listorical works relating to Oxford and other writings, including a translation (with Dr. G. K. W. Kitchin) of Ranke's History of England.
^ Qborge Clement Boase (1829–1897), bibliographer; brother of Charles William Boase; engaged in banking and insurance offices successively in .nice and London; in Australia, lx. r 4-64; manager of provision business of Whitehead & Co. 1866-74: retired and occupied himself with literary pursuits; published bibliographical and antiquarian writings.
^ Henry Boase (1763–1827), banker and author; chief clerk in Messrs. Hansom. Morland, and Hammers London banking house, 1792, and managing partner, c. 1799: became partner in Penzance Union Bank; fellow of Royal Society of Literature, 1821; published works on finance.
^ Henry Samuel Boase (1799–1883), geologist, son of Henry Boase; studied chemistry at Dublin; M.D. Edinburgh, 1821; physician at Penzance: removed to London; F.R.S., 1837; managing partner to Turnbull Brothers, bleachers, of Claverhouse Bleachfield; published scientific works.
^ John Boast (1643?–1694).
^ Arnold Boate, De Boot, Bootius, or Botius (1600?-1653?) hebraist; M.D. Leyden; studied Hebrew rabbinical writings; practised medicine at Dublin; physician-general of English forces in Ireland; removed to Paris; published Animadversiones sacrae ad textum Hebraicum Veteris Testamenti 1644, also medical and other works.
^ Gerard Boate, De Boot, Bootius, or Botius (1604-1660), physician; brother of Arnold Boate; born at Gorcum, Holland; M.D. Leyden, 1628; settled in London; physician to the king; produced, in conjunction with his brother, a treatise depreciatory of the Aristotelian philosophy, 1641; L.C.P., 1646; doctor to hospital at Dublin, 1649; wrote Ireland's Naturall History which was published posthumously in 1662 by Samuel Hartlib, Milton's friend.
^ Jacob Bobart or Bobert, the elder (1599–1680), botanist; born at Brunswick; superintendent, 1632, of Oxford Physic Garden, of which he published a catalogue; botanist;
^ Jacob Bobart , the younger (1641–1719), son of Jacob Bobart (1699-1680); succeeded his father as superintendent of Oxford Physic Garden; botanical professor, Oxford, 1683-c. 1719; brought out the third part of Morison's Historia Plantarum 1699, and left manuscripts relating to botanical subjects.
^ Tim Bobbin (1708–1786). See John Collier.
^ Adam Bocfeld (fi. 1360), Franciscan; wrote commentaries on Aristotle.
^ Joan Bocher, Boucher or Butcher (d. 1550), anabaptist martyr; sometimes called Joan of Kent; friend of Anne Askew; asserted, 1648, that Christ did not take flesh of the virgin; examined by Cranmer, imprisoned, and subsequently burned at Smithfield..
^ Eberhardt Otto George von Bock (d. 1814), baron; entered Hanoverian cavalry, e. 1781; captain, 1800; came to England; raised, and was made colonel of 1st dragoons, king's German legion, 1804; major-general, 1810; served in Peninsula; wrecked in transport on Tulbeat rocks.
^ Edward Bocking (d. 1634), Benedictine ; leading supporter of Elizabeth Barton; D.D. Canterbury College, Oxford, 1618; warden; entered Benedictine priory of Christ Church, Canterbury, c. 1626; sent to report on Elizabeth Barton's alleged revelations, and induced her to feign her manifestations; hanged as one of her supporters.
^ Ralph Bocking (.. 1270), Dominican; private confessor to Richard Wych, bishop of Chichester, whose life he wrote.
^ R. Bookman (fl. 1760), portrait painter and mezzotint engraver in Amsterdam and later in England; produced engravings after Van Dyck and others.
^ Geoffrey de Bocland (fl. 1196–1224), justice; justiciar, 1196-7, 1201-4, and 1218; justice itinerant in Herefordshire, 1220; dean of St. Martin's-le-Grand; concerned in baron revolt, 1216; died before 1231.
^ Hugh de Bocland or HUGH OF BUCKLAND (d, 1119?), sheriff of Berkshire before 1100, and subsequently sheriff of Middlesex and other counties,
^ Henry John Boddington (1811–1865), artist; son of Edward Williams; took his wife's name, Boddington, to prevent confusion with relations who were artists; from 1837 exhibited scenes of country life at Royal Academy and Society of British Artists.
^ John Ernest Bode (1816–1874), divine ; educated at Eton, Charterhouse, and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1840; censor, 1844; examiner in classics, 1846-8; Bampton lecturer,! 855; rector of Westwell, 1847, and of Castle Camps, 1860; published poetical and other works.
^ Joseph Boden (d. 1811), lieutenant-colonel ; lieutenant in Bombay native infantry, 1781; major, 1802; lieutenant-colonel, 1806; judge-advocate; member of military board, Bombay; left money to found Boden professorship of Sanscrit, Oxford.
^ John Bodenham (fl. 1600), reputed editor of Elizabethan miscellanies; planned publication of the Elizabethan miscellanies; Wits Commonwealth 1597, Wits Theater 1598, Belvedere, or the Garden of the Muses 1600, and Englands Helicon 1600.
^ Barbara Leigh Smith Bodichon (1827-1891), benefactress of Girton College; daughter of Benjamin Smith; studied water-colour drawing under William Henry Hunt; married Dr. Eugene Bodichon, 1857; proposed plan of and endowed Girton College.
^ Sir William Henry Bodkin (1791–1874), legal writer; hon. secretary of Society for Suppression of Mendicity, 1821; called to bar at Gray's Inns 1826; joined home circuit; recorder of Dover, 1832; M.P. for Rochester, 1841-7; assistant judge of Middlesex sessions, 1859; knighted, 1867; counsel to treasury; wrote work relating to poor laws.
^ Sir Josias Bodley (1550?–1618), military engineer; educated at Merton College, Oxford; served in Netherlands; captain in Leinster against Tyrone, 1598; governor of Newry; trenchmaster at sieges of Kinsale, 1601, Waterford, 1603, and other garrisons; superintendent of Irish castles, 1607; assisted in survey of Ulster plantations, 1609; appointed for life director-general of fortifications in Ireland, 1612; left manuscripts relating to his life and duties in Ireland.
^ Laurence Bodley (d. 1615), canon of Exeter: elder brother of Sir Josias Bodley; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1668; D.D.; canon of Exeter before 1588.
^ Sir Thomas Bodley (1545–1613), diplomatist and scholar; eldest brother of Josias and Laurence Bodley ; educated at Geneva, whither his parents had fled from protestant persecution, and at Magdalen College, Oxford; M.A., 1566; lecturer in natural philosophy; university proctor, and deputy public orator, 1569; usher to the queen; engaged in missions to Denmark, 1585, and to Henry III of France, 1688; queen's permanent resident in United Provinces, 1589-96; began, 1598, formation of Bodleian Library, Oxford, which was opened 1603 and endowed by Bodley in 1611; knighted, 1604. A portrait of him is in the Bodleian Library.
^ Hectoe Boece or Boethius (1465?–1536), historian; educated at Dundee and Paris, in which university he was regent or professor, c. 1492-8, Erasmus being one of his contemporaries; assisted William Elphinstone, bishop of Aberdeen, in founding (1505) university of Aberdeen; first principal; published lives of bishops of Mortlach and Aberdeen, 1622, and history of Scotland to accession of James III, 1527 (both printed ui Paris): the history was translated into Scottish prose by John Bellenden, 1630-3 (printed 1536), and into English for Holinshed's chronicles by William Harrison, 1677; chaplain of St. Andrew's altar in church of St. Nicholas, Aberdeen: vicar of Tullynessle, 1528.
^ Anthony William Boehm (1673–1722), divine; born at Pyrmont, Germany; came to London, 1701; opened school, 1702; assistant chaplain to Prince George, and subsequently to George I; published and left in manuscript many works and translations in German and
^ Joseph Edgar Boehm, first Baronet (1834-1890). sculptor: born at Vienna; studied sculpture in London, Italy, Paris, and Vienna; exhibited at Royal Academy from 1802, and soon obtained extensive practice as portrait sculptor; R.A., 1880; lecturer on sculpture at Royal Academy; sculptor in ordinary to Queen Victoria; created baronet, 1889.
^ Zachary Bogan (1625–1659), author; M.A. Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1650; fellow, 1647; tutor; published religious and learned works.
^ James Bogdani or Bogdane (d. 1720), painter of still-life and birds; born in Hungary; patronised in England by Queen Anne.
^ George Bogle (1746–1781), diplomatist; educated at Edinburgh University; entered service of East India Company, 1769; assistant secretary to revenue board, 1772; envoy to and subsequently personal friend of Lama of Tibet, 1774-5; superintended renewal of leases of company's provinces, 1776; commissioner of lawsuits; collector of Rangpur, 1779; left manuscript journal.
^ David Bogue (1750–1825), divine; educated at Edinburgh: licensed as preacher; usher in academies at Edmonton, Hampstead, and Oamberwell; congregational minister at Gosport; tutor in institution for training for ministry, Gosport, 1780; a founder of the London Missionary Society, British and Foreign Bible Society, and Religious Tract Society; published religious works, including History of Dissenters 1809.
^ Richard Bogue (1783–1813), captain royal artillery; second lieutenant royal artillery, 1798; second captain, 1806; killed at Leipzig.
^ Mauritius Bohemus (. 1647–1662), nonconformist divine; born at Colberg; rector of Halluton, Leicestershire; ejected, 1662; published religious works.
^ John Bohler (1797–1872), botanist ; became collector of medicinal plants for doctors, and subsequently published botanical writings.
^ Henry George Bohn (1796–1884), bookseller and publisher; entered his father's business of bookbinder and second-hand bookseller; began business independently, 1831; published guinea catalogue of old books, 1841; took up the remainder trade; published Standard Library 1846, Scientific and Antiquarian 1847, Classical 1848, Illustrated 1849, Shilling Series 1850, Ecclesiastical 1851, Philological 1852, British Classics 1853, the series numbering in all over 600 volumes; he made some translations for his Classical Library and produced works and compilations, including reprint of Lowndes's Bibliographer's Manual
^ James Stuart Surges Bohn (1803–1880), bookseller; educated at Winchester and Gottingen; opened bookselling business in London, 1834; republished Dugdale's Monasticon and compiled catalogues.
^ Edmund Bohun (1645–1699), chief-justice of Carolina; fellow-commoner Queens College, Cambridge, 1663; on commission of peace; licenser of publications, 1692; imprisoned, 1693, for sanctioning publication of tract by Charles Blount defending doctrine of conquest by William III; chief- justice of Carolina, 1698; published tracts, compilations, and translations,
^ Henry de Bohun , first Earl of Hereford (1176-1220), created earl, 1199; grandson of Humphrey III de Bohun; constable of England; joined barons against John, 1215; died on pilgrimage to Holy Land.
^ Humphrey III de Bohun (d. 1187), baron; sewer to Stephen, 1140; taken prisoner at Winchester while fighting for Matilda, 1141; attended council at Clarendon, 1164; took Henry II's side in rebellion of Prince Henry, 1173.
^ Humphrey V de Bohun, second Earl of Hereford and first Earl of Essex (d. 1274), constable of England; joined Richard of Cornwall against the king, 1227; marshal of the household, 1236; sheriff of Kent, 1239-41; took part in Henry's French expedition, 1242; joined federation of barons, 1258; justice itinerant, 1260; served with king against de Montfort, 1263; taken prisoner at Lewes, 1264.
^ Humphrey VII de Bohun, third Earl of Hereford and second Earl of Essex (d. 1298), constable of England; served with Welsh army of occupation, 1286; joined Roger Bigod, earl of Norfolk, in opposing Edward I's reforms; refused to serve in Gascony, and was deprived of office of constable, 1297.
^ Humphrey VIII de Bohun, fourth Earl of Hereford and third Earl of Essex (1276–1322), constable of England; sent to oppose Robert Bruce, 1308; among barons who besieged Gaveston at Scarborough, 1312; taken prisoner at Bannockburn, l:U4, and exchanged for Bruce's wife, then captive in Knhmd: quelled rising in Wales, 1315; served in expedition against Scotland, 1318-19; took lead in denouncing the Despensers; defeated by king and slain at Boroughbridge, Yorkshire, 1322.
^ William de Bohun, Earl of Northampton (d. 1360), earl, 1337; son of Humphrey de Bohan VIII ; king's lieutenant and captain-general in Brittany, 1342 and 1345-6; fought at Cressy; warden of Scottish marches, 1350; in France, 1365, and Gascony, 1357-9.
^ Sir John Peter Boileau (1794–1869), archaeologist; second lieutenant of Rifle Corps, 1813; created baronet, 1838; F.R.S., 1843; F.S.A., 1852; vice-president Society of Antiquaries, 1858-62, and 1863-7, and of other scientific societies; sheriff in Norfolk, 1844; published archaeological papers.
^ John Bois (1561–1644), translator of the bible; educated at St. John's and Magdalene Colleges, Cambridge; fellow of St. John's, 1580; Greek lecturer at Cambridge, 1584-95; appointed one of Cambridge translators for King James's bible, 1604, and member of board of revision; translated portions of Apocrypha and of the section from Chronicles to Canticles; assisted in Sir Henry Savile's edition ofSt. Chrysostom (printed in 1610-13); prebendary of Ely, 1615; published treatise on Greek accents, 1630. His critical notes on passages in Greek Testament appeared posthumously, 1665.
^ Saint Boisil (d. 664), superior of the monastery at Melrose; gives name to St. Boswell's, Roxburghshire; several religious writings are attributed to him.
^ George Richard Boissier (1791–1851), ecclesiologist; B.A. Magdalene College, Cambridge, 1828; incumbent of Oakfield, Kent; published Notes on Cambridgeshire Churches 1827.
^ Charles Boit (d. 1726?), enamel painter ; born at Stockholm; worked with success as enamel painter in London; ran into debt and fled to Paris, where he prospered; died in Paris.
^ Louis Peter Boitard (. 1750), engraver ; born in France; pupil of La Farge; executed in England portraits and plates for publications.
^ Osbern Bokenham or Bokenam (1393–1447?), poet; professed member of Augustinian convent of Stoke Clare, Suffolk. His writings include poems in Suffolk dialect commemorating lives of twelve holy women and of the 11,000 virgins (Arundel MSS. Brit. Mus. No. 327, printed for Roxburghe Club, 1835).
^ John Bokyngham or Buckingham (d. 1398), bishop; prebendary and, 1349, dean of Lichfield; prebendary of Lincoln, 1352; keeper of privy seal to Edward III; elected bishop of Ely, but election quashed by pope, 1361; bishop of Lincoln, 1363-97, and retired to Christ Church monastery, Canterbury; opponent of the Wycliffites.
^ Henry William Ferdinand Bölckow (1806-1878), ironmaster; born at Sulten, Mecklenburg; came to England, 1827; entered partnership, 1841, as manufacturer of iron at Middlesbrough, to which town he was an extensive benefactor, and (1853) first mayor; M.P., 1868.
^ Henry Bold (d. 1677), divine; educated at Christ Church, Oxford; chaplain to Earl of Arlington,
^ Henry Bold (1627–1683), poetical writer; educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford; probationerfellow; dislodged, 1648; employed in the examiner's office in Chancery; published several volumes of poems in English and Latin and translations from Latin.
^ John Bold (1679–1751). divine; B.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1698; curate of Stoney Stanton, 17021761; wrote religious works.
^ Samuel Bold (1649–1737), controversialist; vicar of Shapwick, Dorsetshire, 1674: resigned or was ejected, 1688; rector of Steeple, Isle of Purbeck (1682-1737), to which Tyneham was united in 1721; preached against :ition, and published Plea for Moderation towards Dissenters 1682, for which he was fined and imprisoned. UU works include tracts defending John Locke's philosophy,
^ Edmund Boldero lfi08-1679), divine; M.A. and fellow of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 1631: ejected from fellowship under Commonwealth and imprisoned: D.D., 1660; held rectories in Suffolk; master of Jesus College, Cambridge, 1663; vice-chancellor of university, 1668 and 1674.
^ Anne Boleyn (1507–1536). See Anne.
^ George Boleyn, Viscount Rochford (d. 1536), son of Sir Thomas Boleyu, earl of Wiltshire and brother of Anne Boleyn; chief steward of honour of Beaulieu, 1529; governor of Bethlehem Hospital, 1529; knighted and created Viscount Rochford, r. 1530; warden of Cinque ports, 1534; arraigned for incest and high treason, and executed, 17 May, two days before his sister.
^ George Boleyn (d. 1603), divine; perhaps son of George Boleyn, viscount Rochford; sizar. Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 1544; M.A., 1560; prebendary of York, 1560; prebendary of Chichester: canon of Canterbury, 1566; D.D.,and dean of Lichfleld, 1576; prebendary of Dasset Parva, 1577-9.
^ Sir Thomas Boleyn, Earl of Wiltshire (1477-1539), lord privy seal; keeper of exchange at Calais and of foreign exchange in England, 1509: joint-constable of Norwich Castle. 1512: accompanied Sir Edward Poynings on embassy to Low Countries; took part in invasion of France, 1513; sheriff of Kent, 1517; went on embassy to Francis I, 1519-20, and negotiated arrangements for Field of Cloth of Gold; Wolsey's agent in conferences at Calais, 1521: joint-ambassador to Spain, 1522-3; treasurer of household, 1522: created Viscount Rochford, 1525; ambassador with Sir Anthony Browne to France, 1527: created Earl of Wiltshire and Ormonde, 1529: lord privy seal: ambassador to Charles V, 1530, and to France on business of Henry V Ill's divorce: father of Queen Anne Boleyn.
^ Earl of Bolingbroke (1580?–1646). See Oliver St John.
^ Viscocnt Bolingbroke (1678–1751). See Henry St John.
^ Henry Bolingbroke (1785–1855), writer on Demerara, whither he made a voyage in 1798.
^ Sir William Bolland (1772–1840), judge: MA. Trinity College, Cambridge, 17U7; called to bar at Middle Temple, 1801; practised at Old Bailey: recorder of Reading, 1817-29; baron of exchequer, 1829-39: one of originators of Roxburghe Club.
^ Nicholas Bollard (.f. 1500VX naturalist: author of a manuscript work on cultivation of trees.
^ Robert Bolron (fl. 1674–1680), informer : successively jeweller's apprentice, foot-soldier, and manager of Sir Thomas Gascoigne's collieries, Barmbow, Yorkshire: became party to popish plot against James II, and informed against Gascoigne, who was tried and acquitted.
^ Edmund Bolton or Boulton (1575?-1633?), historian and poet; free commoner, Trinity Hall, Cambridge: studied at Inner Temple; contributed to England's Helicon 1600; formulated a scheme, 1617, for a royal academy of letters and science, which was favourably received by James I, who died before it was carried out; subsequently imprisoned successively in Fleet and Marshalsea. Among his writings are The Roman Histories of Lucius Iulius Florus (translated), 1618, Nero Caesar 1624, and a life of Henry II.
^ Sir Francis John Bolton (1831–1887), soldier and electrician: enlisted in royal artillery: ensign in Gold Coast artillery corps, 1857; served at Crobboe Heights, 1858; captain, 12th foot, 1860; engaged, with Captain (afterwards Rear-admiral) Philip Howard Oolomb , in developing system of visual signalling: invented oxy-calcium light for night signalling; brevetmajor, 1868: assisted in founding Society of Telegraph Engineers and Electricians, 1871: lieutenant-colonel, is? 7 honorary colonel, 1881: designed and controlled coloured fountains and electric lights for exhibitions at South Kensington, 1883-6; knighted, 1884.
^ Sir George Bolton (d. 1807?), preceptor to royal princesses; knighted; wrote on firearms.
^ James Bolton (fl. 1775–1795), naturalist; of humble birth: published works on natural history.
^ James Jay Bolton (1824–1863), evangelical divine; educated in America and at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge; B.A., 1848; incumbent of St. Paul's Episcopal Chapel, Kilburn; published religious works.
^ Sir Richard Bolton (1570?–1648), lawyer; practised at English bar; recorder of Dublin, 1604; member of Society of King's Inn, Dublin, 1610-13; M.P. for Dublin, 1613; knighted, 1618: solicitor-general for Ireland, 1619; attorney-general to court of wards, Dublin, 1622; chief baron of Irish exchequer, 1625; chancellor of Ireland, 1639; chief adviser of Strafford in his attempts to introduce arbitrary government; impeached of high treason by Irish House of Commons, but the impeachment abandoned, 1641-2; one of principal counsellors of Ormonde in negotiating with Irish confederation concerning peace, i 1644; published Statutes of Ireland 1621, and other legal writings.
^ Robert Bolton (1572–1631), puritan; educated at Blackburn and Lincoln and Brasenose colleges, Oxford: B.A., 1596; fellow of Brasenose and M.A., 1602; lecturer in logic and moral and natural philosophy; B.D., 1609; rector of Broughton, Northamptonshire, 1610-31; published religious works.
^ Robert Bolton (1697–1763), divine; M.A. Wadham College, Oxford, 1718; LL.D.; transferred to Hart Hall, 1719; fellow of Dulwich College, 1722-5; preacher at Rolls Chapel, London, 1729; dean of Carlisle, 1735, and vicar of St. Mary's, Reading, 1738-63; published religious works.
^ Samuel Bolton (1606–1654), divine; educated at Christ's College, Cambridge; member of Westminster assembly of divines, 1643; D.D.; master of Christ's College, 1645; vice-chancellor of Cambridge University, 1651; published religious works.
^ William Bolton (d. 1532), architect; prior of monastery of St. Bartholomew's, Smithfield, r. 1506: said to have designed Henry VII's chapel in Westminster Abbey.
^ Willem Bolts or William (1740?–1808), Dutch adventurer; merchant in Lisbon; entered Bengal civil service, 1759: second in council at Benares, 1764; resigned the service, being reprimanded for using the East India Company's authority for private trading scheme, 1766: deported to England, 1768: publish"! work attacking government in Bengal: became colonel in Austrian service, 1778, and founded establishmente in India for an Austrian East India Company; died in Paris,
^ Eliseus Bomelius or Licius (l. 1574?), physician and astrologer; born at Wesel; M.D. Cambridge; physician and astrologer in London: arrested for practising without license of College of Physicians, 1567; 'open prisoner 1570; settled in Russia, 1670, and, as magician, gained favour of Ivan IV; arrested, e. 1674, on charges of intriguing with kings of Poland and Sweden against the tear, and subsequently died in prison: published astrological works.
^ Andrew Alexander Bonar (1810–1892), Scottish divim;; brother of Horatius Bouar; educated :it I'Minburgh; licensed preacher, 1835; ordained minister of Collar,-. IVrthshirr, 1S38; joined Free church, 1st:;; minister of Finuieston, Glasgow, 1856-92; published religious writings.
^ Archibald Bonar (1753–1816), divine: son of John Bonar the elder; educated at Edinburgh; minister successively at Newburn, Glasgow, nnl Oimaood; published religious works.
^ Horatius Bonar (1808–1889), Scottish divine; .-.liKMtfd ut Edinburgh University: engaged in mission work at Leith: minister of new North Church, Kelso, 1837; joined Free church, 1843; honorary D.D. Aberdeen, I:;; minister of Chalmers Memorial Church, Edinburgh, 1866; moderator of general assembly of Free church, 1883; edited several religious periodicals, and published hymns (in, lu.lin I heard the voice of Jesus say and other religious writings.
^ James Bonar (1757–1821), brother of Archibald Bonar: educated at Edinburgh; solicitor in excise office: treasurer of Royal Society, Edinburgh; promoter of Astronomical Institution; contributed to Encyclopaedia Britannica and Edinburgh Encyclopaedia
^ John Bonar , the elder (1722-1 761), Scottish divine; educated at Edinburgh University; minister of Cockpen, near Dalkeith, 1746; called to collegiate church of Perth, 1766; published sermons and other religious works.
^ John Bonar, the younger (1747–1807), first solicitor of excise in Scotland; son of John Bonar (1722-1761); educated at Edinburgh; joint-editor of Miscellaneous Pieces of Poetry 1766.
^ John James Bonar (1803–1891), Scottish divine ; brother of Horatius Bonar; educated at Edinburgh; D.D., 1883; licensed preacher, 1827; minister of St. Andrew's, Greenock, 1836; joined Free church, 1843; published religious handbooks.
^ Thomasine Bonaventura (d. 1510?), Cornish benefactress; Cornish peasant girl; married successively three rich London merchants, the last bing Sir John Percyvall, lord mayor, 1498; worked for the improvement of social conditions in Cornwall.
^ Daniel Bond (1725–1803), painter; exhibited landscapes at Society of Arts, 1762-3, and received premiums from the society, 1764 and 1765.
^ Dennis Bond (d. 1658), politician; woollen draper at Dorchester; bailiff, 1630; mayor, 1635; M.P., 1640; one of commissioners to try Charles 1, 1649; member Of council of state, 1649-63; president of council, 1652 and 1653: member of council's committee for trade, 1655; M.P. for Weymouth and Melcombe Regis, 1654 and 1656; buried in Westminster Abbey, but body exhumed, 1661.
^ Edward Augustus Bond (1815-1898), principal librarian of British Museum: educated at Merchant Taylors School; assistant in Record Office, 1833, and in British Museum, 1838; Egerton librarian, 1850; keeper of manuscripts, 18661; principal librarian, 1878-88; substituted printed for manuscript catalogue in printed book department, and adopted sliding press for books; founded, with Sir E. Maunde Thompson, Palaeographical Society, 1873; O.B., 1885; K.C.B., 1898: honorary LL.D. Cambridge. He edited historical and other works.
^ George Bond (1750–1796), lawyer; barrister of Middle Temple: serjeant, 1786; practised at Surrey sessions.
^ Henry John Hales Bond (1801–1883), physician; M.B. Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 1825; M.D., 1831; studied at London, Edinburgh, and Paris; regius professor of physic, Cambridge, 1851-72.
^ John Bond (1550–1612), physician and classical scholar; M.A. Oxford, 1579; master of free school, Taunton; practised as physician; probably chief secretary to lord chancellor Egerton; M.P. for Taunton, 1601 and 1603: published commentaries on Horace (1606) and left notes on Persius (published posthumously, 1614).
^ John Bond (1612–1676), puritan divine; son of Dennis Bond; B.A. St. Catharine's College, Cambridge, 1631; fellow; M.A., 1635; LL.D., 1645; minister, 1646, and master of the Savoy; master of Trinity Hall, 1646; vice-chancellor of Cambridge University, 1658; professor of law, Gresham College, London, 1649; lost preferments at Restoration.
^ John James Bond (1819–1883), chronologist; senior assistant keeper in public record office; compiled chronological tables.
^ John Linnell Bond (1766–1837), architect, gold medallist, Royal Academy, 1786; prepared design for Waterloo Bridge.
^ Martin Bond (1558–1643), merchant adventurer; son of William Bond (d. 1576); chief captain of train-bands, 1588-1643; treasurer of St. Bartholomew's Hospital, 1619-36.
^ Nathaniel Bond (1634–1707), king's serjeant; son of Dennis Bond; B.O.L. All Souls College, Oxford, 1654; called to bar at Inner Temple, 1661: M.P.; recorder of Weymouth, 1683: serjeant-at-law, 1689; king's serjeant and knighted, 1693.
^ Nicholas Bond (1540–1608), president of Magdalen College, Oxford; B.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1564; fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1565-75; M.A. Oxford, 1574; D.D., 1580; canon of Westminster, 1582; chaplain of Savoy and chaplain in ordinary to queen; vice-chancellor of Oxford University, 1590-1 and 1592-3; president of Magdalen College, 1590.
^ Oliver Bond (1760?–1798), republican; wool merchant in Dublin; original member of Society of United Irishmen 1791; tried and imprisoned in Newgate as secretary of society for publication of resolutions condemning government's policy towards Ireland and catholics, 1793; directed organisation to establish independent Irish republic, 1798; found guilty of high treason; died in prison.
^ Thomas Bond (1765–1837), topographer; town clerk of East Looe and West Looe, Cornwall, on which places he published a topographical work (1823).
^ William Bond (d. 1576), sheriff of London in 1567.
^ William Bond (d. 1735), dramatist; wrote Tuscan Treaty (acted at Covent Garden, 1733), and other works, including contributions to Plain Dealer 1724.
^ Henry Bone (1755–1834), painter; employed in London as enameller; exhibited portraits in Royal Academy from 1780; enamel painter to Prince of Wales, 1800, and to the king 1801, till death; A.R.A., 1801; R.A., 1811.
^ Henry Pierce Bone (1779–1855), painter: son of Henry Bone; painted classical subjects in oils, 1806-33, and subsequently in enamels.
^ Robert Trewick Bone (1790–1840), painter; brother of Henry Pierce Bone; painter of sacred, classic, and domestic subjects.
^ Charles Boner (1815–1870), author ; lived with Baron August Doernberg and, later, with Prince Thurn and Taxis in Germany and Ratisbon; special correspondent of Daily News in Vienna, 1865; published poetical and other works.
^ Sir Samuel George Bonham 1803–1863 politician; employed under East India Company; governor of Penang, Singapore, and Malacca, 1837-47; governor of Hongkong and plenipotentiary and superintendent of trade in China, 1847; K.C.B., 1851; returned to England and was made baronet, 1853.
^ Thomas Bonham (d. 1629?), physician: M.D. St. John's College, Cambridge, and incorporated at Oxford, 1611; his medical writings were published posthumously,
^ Elizabeth Bonhote (1744–1818), authoress; published novels, essays, and other works, 1773-1810.
^ Saint Boniface (680–755), the apostle of Germany; born at Kirton or Crediton, Devonshire; his original name Winfrid or Winfrith: educated in inonas.it Exeter, ami at Nursling, near Winchester: ordained prii-st, r. 7K went to Frisia, 716, but being refused hy Kadbod, the pagan chief, permission to preach, returned to Nursling; went to Rome, 718, and obtaining a of authority from Gregory II proceeded to Bavaria and Thuringia; on death of Radbod laboured successfully among Frisians and Hessians, 719-22: bishop, 723: instituted ecclesiastical organisation in Heesia and Thuringia; archbishop, 732: organised Bavarian church, appointed legate to Pope Zacharias, and entrusted with reformation of Frankish church, 741; took possession of see of Menta, with jurisdiction over sees of Worms, Cologne, Utrecht, and others established by him in Germany, 746: established monasteries at Fr'itxlur, Utrecht, Fulda, Amanaburg, and Ordorf or Ohrdruf; slain with his followers by pagans at Dokkum on the Bordau. He left a set of ecclesiastical statutes, fifteen sermons, and other religious works.
^ Op Savoy Boniface (d. 1270), archbishop ; son of Thomas I, count of Savoy; entered Carthusian order; bishop of Belley, near Ohambery, 1234: undertook administration of bishopric of Valence, 1241; related to Henry III by the marriage of his sister Beatrix's daughter Eleanor: elected archbishop of Canterbury, 1241: came to England, 1244; reformed financial management of archbishopric: attended council of Lyons, 1244; returned to England, 1249; instituted visitation of province of Canterbury, which was strongly resisted; retired to Rome, 1250-2; made expedition to relieve his brother Thomas when imprisoned for tyranny by people of Turin, 1255; took part at first with bishops against king and pope, 1256, but joined papal legate in excommunicating rebellious barons (1263) at Boulogne; returned to England, 1265; died at St. Helena, Savoy, while accompanying Edward I on crusade.
^ Richard Parkes Bonington (1801–1828), painter; studied water-colour painting under Louis Francia at Calais and at the Louvre and Institute, and under Baron Gros in Paris: first exhibited at Salon, 1822; made drawings for Baron Taylor's Voyages Pittoresques dans 1'ancienne France and other works; began to paint in oil-colours, c. 1824; visited England (1825), where he first exhibited, 1826; painted, in England, Deux femmes au milieu d'un paysage (engraved for the Anniversary 1828); died during visit to England.
^ George William Bonnar (1796–1836), wood-engraver; executed wood-engravings for Douce's edition of The Dance of Death 1833, and other works,
^ William Bonnar (1800–1853), painter ; foreman of decorative business; member of Royal Scottish Academy soon after its foundation. His pictures include portraits and historical, rural, and humorous pieces.
^ Jacob Bonneatj (d. 1786), painter: teacher of drawing and perspective; member of the Society of British Artists, exhibiting landscapes, 1765-78.
^ James Bonnell (1653–1559), accountant-general of Ireland; born of English parents at Genoa: came to England, his father (and himself in reversion) having been appointed accountant-general of Ireland in return for services to Charles H while in exile; educated at St. Catharine's Hall, Cambridge; undertook, c. 1684, duties of accountant-general of Ireland. He translated parts of Synesius into English.
^ Edmund Bonner or Boner (1500?–1669), bishop of London; educated at Pembroke College, Oxford; was ordained and took degrees of bachelor of canon and civil law, 1519; D.O.L., 1526; chaplain to Cardinal Wolsey, 1529; sent to Rome to protest against Henry VIII's being cited thither on the question of his divorce, 1532; received benefice of Cherry Burton, 1532; appealed in person to Clement VII against Henry's excommunication after marriage with Anne Boleyn, 1633; received living of East Dereham, Norfolk, 1534; bishop of Hereford and ambassador to French court, 1538; bishop of London, 1539; ambassador to the emperor, 1542-3; imprisoned in Fleet for non-acceptance of Edward VI's injunctions and the Book of Homilies, 1547: reprimanded for neglecting to enforce use of new prayer-book, and imprisoned in Marshalsea, 1549-53; deprived of bishopric for omission to set forth in a sermon at Paul's Cross that Edward's authority in his minority was not less than if he were of mature years; restored to his see, 1553; joined in judicial capacity with great severity in Marian persecution; refused oath of supremacy and was deprived of bishopric 1559; died in the Marshalsea.
^ Richard Bonner (. 1548), author of a treatise on the sacrament.
^ Henry Kaye Bonney (1780–1862), divine; educated at Charterhouse. Emmanuel and Christ's colleges, Cambridge; M.A., isos: D.D., 1824: prebendary of Lincoln, 1807: examining chaplain to Dr. Pelham, bishop of Lincoln, 1820; dean of Stamford, 1827. His published works include a life of Jeremy Taylor, 1815.
^ Charles Bonnor (.?. 1777-1 829?), actor ; apprenticed as coachmaker: appeared successfully on stage at Bath, 1777, and played at Covent Garden, 1 783; endeavoured ineffectually to establish an English theatre in Paris, 1784; appointed deputy-comptroller of tho post-office and retired from stage, c. 1785; comptroller-general, 1788; comptroller of inland department, 1792-4.
^ Thomas Bonnor (ft. 1763–1807), topographical draughtsman; engraved plates for several county histories,
^ John Bonnycastle (1750?–1821), mathematical' writer; kept an academy at Hackney; professor of mathematics, Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, c. 1782; wrote works on elementary mathematics.
^ Sib Richard Henry Bonnycastle (1791–1847), lieutenant-colonel royal engineers; first lieutenant, royal engineers, 1809; in American campaigns, 1812-14, and with army of occupation in France; served during Canadian rebellion of 1837-9; knighted, 1838; commanding engineer in Newfoundland: lieutenant-colonel, 1840; retired, 1847; published topographical works relating to America.
^ Joseph Bonomi , the elder (1739–1808), architect ; born at Rome; came to England, 1767; settled in practice in London, 1784; A.R.A., 1789; exhibited drawings at Royal Academy, 1783-1806. His works, which are chiefly in Grecian renaissance style, include several country mansions.
^ Joseph Bonomi , the younger (1796–1878), sculptor and draughtsman; son of Joseph Bonomi (1739-1808) ; student at Royal Academy: studied sculpture under Nollekens; visited Egypt with Lepsius, 1842; made drawings for Warren and Fahey's panorama of Nile; curator of Soane's Museum, Lincoln's Inn Fields, 1861-78; illustrated egyptological works.
^ Anthony Bonville , alias THRILL (1621–1676), Jesuit; born at Cnnford; educated at St. Omer and English college, Rome; ordained priest, 1647; entered Society of Jesus, 1647; successively professor of philosophy at Florence and Parma, and of theology and mathematics at Liege; published philosophical and religious treatises.
^ Antonio Bonvisi (d. 1558), merchant ; of Italian descent; probably born in London; dealt in wool, jewels, and foreign articles, and acted as banker to government; fled to continent at beginning of Edward VI's reign, being a catholic; died at Louvain.
^ Ambrose Bonwicze, the younger (1692–1714), non juror; son of Ambrose Bonwicke (1662-1722); educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool and St. John's College, Cambridge, having been, as hon juror, disqualified at Oxford.
^ Ambrose Bonwicke , the elder (1652–1722), nonjuror; educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool and St. John's College, Oxford; fellow; M.A., 1675; B.D., 1682; ordained priest, 1680: head-master of Merchant Taylors School, 1686; refused oath of allegiance to William III, and was dismissed from head-mastership, 1691.
^ Charles Bonython (d. 1706), lawyer; called to bar at Gray's Inn, 1678; steward of courts of Westminster, 1683-1705; M.P. for Westminster, 1686-7; serjeant-at-law, 1692; committed suicide.
^ Richard Bonython (1580–1650?), American settler; settled in Maine, America, 1631; commissioner for government of Maine, 1636; member of council, 1640-7.
^ John Booker (1603–1667), astrologer; apprenticed as haberdasher in London, and was subsequently writing-master at Hadley and clerk in the city; became professional astrologer; licenser of mathematical works; published Telescopium Uranium, an almanack, from 1631, Bloody Irish Almanack and other works.
^ Luke Booker (1762–1835), divine and poet; rector of Tedstone-de-la-Mere, Herefordshire, 1806, and, in addition, vicar of Dudley, 1812; published history of Dudley Castle, 1825, and poetical and religious works.
^ William Boolde (fl. 1455), monk and 'notarius' of Christ Church, Canterbury; wrote historical and topographical works.
^ George Boole (1815–1864), mathematician ; npniwl a school in Lincolnshire, c. 1835; professor of matics, Queen's College, Cork, 1849-64; public examiner (Queen's University; Royal Society medallist, 1844; Keith medallist, Royal Society, Edinburgh, 1857; LL.D. Dublin; D.C.L. Oxford; published, besides textbooks on Differential Equations Finite Differences and other mathematical treatises, Laws of Thought (1864), in which he employed symbolic language and notation in a generalisation of logical processes, the fundamental principle being that of continued dichotomy.
^ James Shergold Boone (1799–1859), author ; educated at Charterhouse and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1823; master at Charterhouse; incumbent of St. John's, Paddington, 1832-59; edited The Council of Ten 1822-3; published sermons, essays, and poems,
^ Andrew Boorde or Borde (1490?–1549), physician and traveller; educated at Oxford; joined Carthusians; suffragan bishop of Chichester, c. 1621; studied medicine abroad; took oath of conformity at London Charterhouse, 1534; sent abroad by Cromwell to report on state of feeling about Henry V11I, 1535; practised medicine at Glasgow, 1536; journeyed to Jerusalem, 1538; settled at Montpellier, c. 1638-42; imprisoned in Fleet, 1549; published accounts of his travels and treatises on medical subjects.
^ Arnold Boot (1600?–1653?). See Arnold Boate.
^ Abraham Booth (1734–1806), dissenting minister; superintendent of Kirby-Woodhouse baptist congregation, 1760; ordained pastor of Particular baptist church, Little Prescot Street, Goodman's Fields, 1769; published works vindicating baptist doctrine,
^ Barton Booth (1681–1733), actor; educated at Westminster; appeared as Oroonoko at Smock Alley Theatre, Dublin, 1698; engaged by Betterton at Lincoln's Inn Fields, 1700-4, and accompanied him to newly erected Haymarket Theatre, 1705; played Ghost to Wilks's Hamlet at Drury Lane, 1708; gained great reputation by his performance of Pyrrhus in Philips'sDistressed Mother 1712, and Cato in Addison's tragedy, 1713; became by command of Queen Anne joint-manager with Colley Gibber, Doggett, and Wilks, of Drury Lane, c. 1713; retired, 1727; published Death of Dido, a Masque 1716. Among his best impersonations were Brutus, Lear, Henry VIII, and Hotspur.
^ Benjamin Booth (. 1789), writer on bookkeeping; merchant in New York and afterwards in London; published a system of bookkeeping, 1789.
^ Mrs Catherine Booth (1829–1890), ' mother of the Salvation Army; daughter of John Mumford, a coachbuilder: came to London, 1844, and joined Wesleyan church in Brixton; excommunicated with reformers from Wesleyan church, 1848; married, 1856, William Booth, pastor of reformers, who held, 1858-61, a ministry at Gateshead, where Mrs. Booth first appeared as preacher, 1860; founded at Whitechapel with her husband, 1865, Christian Revival Association; which by 1877 had developed into the Salvation Army; published many religious papers and addresses.
^ David Booth (1766–1846), lexicographer; brewer near Newburgh, Fifeshire, and, later, schoolmaster at Newburgh; came to London and superintended for press publications of Society for Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, c. 1820; published first volume of an Analytical Dictionary of English Language (1835), and other works.
^ Edward Booth (1639–1719).
^ Sir Felix Booth (1775–1850), promoter of Arctic exploration; head of firm of Booth fe Co., distillers; Hheritr of London and Middlesex, 1828; provided funds for (aptain Ross's voyage of discovery in north-eastern America, 1828; baronet, 1835.
^ George Booth, first Baron Delamer or Delamere (1622–1684), took parliamentarian side in civil war; military commissioner for Cheshire and treasurer-at-war, 1655; M.P. for Cheshire, 1646, 1664, and 1656; joined New Royalists; entered plot for restoring Charles, and commanded king's forces in Cheshire, Lancashire, and North Wales, 1659; seized Chester, but was defeated by Lambert at Nantwich; apprehended, but released on bail; raised to peerage at Charles II's coronation; custos rotulorum in county of Chester, 1660-73.
^ George Booth, second Earl of Warrington (1675-1758), lord-lieutenant of Chester, 1694; published pamphlet in defence of divorce for incompatibility of temper, 1739.
^ George Booth (1791–1859), divine; M.A. Lincoln College, Oxford, 1816; B.D., 1823; fellow, Magdalen College, Oxford, 1816-34, vice-president, 1830, and dean of divinity, 1832; vicar of Findon, 1833; published Latin verses.
^ Henry Booth, second Baron Delamer and first Earl of Warrington (1652–1694), custos rotulorum of county of Chester, 1673-c. 1683; committed to Tower on suspicion of being concerned in Rye House plot, 1683, but released on bail; charged with complicity in Monmonth's rebellion, and acquitted, 1686; took up arms for Prince of Orange, 1688; one of those deputed to advise James to retire from the metropolis; privy councillor, 1689; chancellor of exchequer, 1689-90; lord-lieutenant of city and county of Chester; reappointed custos rotulorum of the county; created Earl of Warrington, 1690; mayor of Chester, 1691.
^ Henry Booth (1788–1869), railway projector; corn merchant at Liverpool; honorary secretary to committee for promoting railway between Liverpool and Manchester, 1822, and secretary and treasurer to company, 1826; secretary to northern section of London and North- Western Railway company, 1846; director, 18481849; published writings on questions relating to railways and other subjects, and invented many mechanical contrivances still in use on railways.
^ James Booth (d. 1778), lawyer; licensed and practised as conveyancer, being disabled as Roman catholic from practising at bar.
^ James Booth (1806–1878), mathematician ; M.A., 1840, Trinity College, Dublin; LL.D., 1842; principal of Bristol College, 1840-3; ordained, 1842; vice-principal of Liverpool Collegiate Institution, 1843-8; vicar of Stone, near Aylesbury, 1859; F.R.S., 1846; F.R.A.S., 1859; published works on mathematics and education.
^ James Booth (1796–1880), legal writer ; educated at St. John's College, Cambridge; called to bar at Lincoln's Inn, 1824; practised in chancery courts: counsel to speaker of House of Commons, 1839; secretary to board of trade, 1850-65; O.B., 1866. He prepared the Clauses Consolidation Acts, and published legal writings.
^ John Booth (1584–1659), genealogist; made researches into Cheshire pedigrees.
^ John Booth (1779–1857), cattle breeder; son of Thomas Booth (d. 1835)
^ Junius Brutus Booth (1796–1852), actor ; first appeared on stage at a theatre in Pancras Street, London, 1813, and subsequently played in Belgium and Holland; at Oovent Garden as Sylvius As you like it), 1815; acting manager at Worthing; played Richard III at Oovent Garden, lago to Kean's Othello at Drury Lane, and, returning to Covent Garden, gave Richard III amid general disapproval, 1817; in America from 1821 till 1862, except from 1825-6, when he played Brutus at Drury Lane and travelled on continent, and 1886-7, when he appeared at several London theatres.
^ Lawrence Booth or Bothe (d. 1480), archbishop of York; licentiate in civil and canon law? Pembroke Hall, Cambridge; master, 1460; chancellor of university: prebendary and, 1456, dean of St. Paul's: provost of Beverley, 1453; prebendary of York and of Lichfield; chancellor to Queen Margaret: keeper of privy seal, c. 1456; tutor to Prince of Wales; bishop of Durham, 1457: suspended, 1462-4: keeper of great seal, 1473-4; archbishop of York, 1476.
^ Peniston Booth (1681–1765), dean of Windsor, 1729: chancellor of London, 1733: D.D.
^ Richard Booth (1788–1864), cattle breeder at Studley and, 1835, at Warlaby; son of Thomas Booth (d. 1835)
^ Robert Booth (d. 1657), puritan divine; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1610; minister of Halifax, 1650-7; left philosophical manuscript.
^ Sir Robert Booth (1626–1681), chief-justice of king's bench in Ireland: son of Robert Booth; educated at St. John's College, Cambridge; called to bar at Gray's Inn, 1649; judge of common pleas, Ireland. 1660; knighted, 1668; chief- justice of common pleas (1669) and of king's bench (1679) in Ireland.
^ Sarah Booth (1793–1867), actress; at Surrey Theatre, 1810, and Oovent Garden, where, later, she played Cordelia to Junius Brutus Booth's Lear.
^ Thomas Booth (fl. 1611), divine; B.D. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1609.
^ Thomas Booth (d. 1835), cattle breeder, at Killerby, Yorkshire, and, 1819, at Warlaby; raised a greatly improved breed of shorthorns.
^ William Booth or Bothe (1390?–1464), archbishop of York; half-brother of Lawrence Booth; studied at Gray's Inn and Pembroke Hall, Cambridge; prebendary of Southwell, 1416: sub-dean of St. Paul's Cathedral, c. 1420, and chancellor, 1421; prebendary of Lincoln, 1420, and of St. Paul's, 1421; bishop of Coventry and Lichfield, 1447; archbishop of York, 1452.
^ Sir William Booth (fl. 1673–1689 captain in navy; captain, 1673; served against Algerine pirates in Mediterranean; knighted and appointed commissioner of navy, 1689; engaged in unsuccessful plot to assist James IL and fled to Prance.
^ Sir Brooke Boothby (1743–1824), baronet and poet; friend of the Edgeworths and the Lichfleld literary circle; published poems and works on political questions of the day.
^ Miss Hill Boothby (1708–1756), friend of Dr. Johnson, her letters to whom were published in 1805.
^ Louisa Cranstoun Boothby , LADY (1812?1858).
^ Benjamin Boothroyd (1768–1836), independent minister and Hebrew scholar; ordained minister, 1790, at Pontefract, where he opened a shop as bookseller and printer; co-pastor at Highfleld chapel, Huddersfleld, 1818; LL.D.; D.D. Glasgow, 1824; published at his own press a Hebrew bible, 1810-13, a Family Bible 1818, and other works.
^ Francis Boott (1792–1863), physician ; born in Boston, United States: educated at Harvard; made several journeys to England: M.D. Edinburgh, 1824; practised in London; F.L.S., 1819, secretary, 1832-9, and treasurer, 1856-61; published botanical and medical works.
^ Andrew Borde (1490?–1549). See Boorde.
^ Joseph Bordwine (d. 1835), professor at Addiscombe; born in America: served under General Whitlock; professor of fortification at East India Company's College, Addiscombe; published work on fortification.
^ Robert Boreman or Bourman (d. 1675), royalist divine: educated at Westminster and Trinity College, Cambridge: B.A., 1631; fellow, 1634: M.A., 1635; deprived of fellowship; restored, 1660: D.D., 1660; prebendary of Westminster, 1667; published religious works, including a pamphlet directed against Richard Baxter.
^ Albert Borgard (1659-1 751), lieutenant-general : born at Holbech: served in Danish army against Swc.lt n. 1C75-9; fire-worker, 1679: served in Polish and Prussian armies; lieutenant-colonel under Lord Galway in Spain and Portugal: chief fire master in England, 1712; formed, and became colonel-commandant of, regiment of royal artillery, 1722; lieutenant-general, 1739.
^ Giulio Borgarucci (. 1564–1579), physician: came to England as protestant refugee; M.C.P.; M.D. Cambridge, 1572; successfully treated plague in London (1563) by bleeding: physician to royal household for life, 1573.
^ John Boringdon, second Baron (1772–1840). See John Parker.
^ James Borland (1774–1863), inspector-general of army hospitals; surgeon's mate, 42nd Highlanders, 1792; served in Flanders. West Indies, and Helder expedition, ! 1793-9; inspector-general of army hospitals, 1807; reported, with Dr. Lempriere and Sir Gilbert Blane; oustate of health at Walcheren; M.D; principal medical officer in Mediterranean, 1810-16; honorary physician to H.R.H. Duke of Kent.
^ Edmund Borlase or Burlace (d. 1682), historical writer; educated at Dublin; doctor of physic, Leyden, 1660; practised at Chester; M.D. Oxford, 1660; published works on Irish history.
^ Henry Borlase (1806–1835), separatist clergyman; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1828; took orders in established church, but subsequently joined Plymouth Brethren; published religious writings
^ Sir John Borlase (d. 1649), soldier; master of ordnance in Ireland, 1633-49; lord justice in Ireland, 1640-4.
^ William Borlase (1695–1772), antiquary; M.A. Exeter College, Oxford; presented, 1722, to living of Ludgvan, near Penzance, to which the vicarage of St. Just was added, 1732; published, in Philosophical Transactions essay on Cornish diamonds, and was made F.R.S., 1750: subsequently produced several works, including Cornish Antiquities 1754; LL.D., 1766; presented collections to Ashmolean Museum.
^ Christopher Borough (fl. 1579–1587), traveller; son of Stephen Borough; acted as Russian interpreter to Muscovy Company's expedition into Persia and Media, 1579. His account of the journey appears in Hakluyt.
^ John Borough, Burgh, or De Burgo (d. 1386), divine; D.D. Cambridge; chancellor of the university, 1384; rector of CoUingham, Nottinghamshire; wrote theological works.
^ Sir John Borough (d. 1643), Garter king-ofarms; studied at Gray's Inn; keeper of Tower records, 1623; Norroy king-of-arms, 1623; knighted, 1624; Garter king-of-arms, 1634; attended Charles I during civil war; clerk to conferences between royalists and parliamentarians at York, Ripon, and London: D.C.L. Oxford, 1643; wrote historical works, some of which were printed posthumously,
^ Stephen Borough (1525–1584), navigator; served as master in the only successful ship of three which attempted the first voyage of the English to Russia, 1553; discovered Russia and named North Cape; discovered entrance to Kara Sea, 1556; took charge of fleet of three ships of merchant adventurers on voyage to Muscovy, 1560, and probably again in 1561; chief pilot and one of four masters of queen's ships in Medway, 1563-84; wrote records of his voyages, some of which were published in Hakluyt.
^ William Borough (1536–1599), navigator and author; brother of Stephen Borough, with whom, as common seaman, he sailed to Russia, 1553, 1556, and 1657; engaged in voyages to St. Nicholas, 1568-68; accompanied voyage to discover passage to Cathay, 1568; dispersed pirates in Gulf of Finland, 1670; agent to merchant adventurers journeying between St. Nicholas, Moscow, and Narva, 1574-5; comptroller of queen's navy; probably commanded fleet at Flushing, 1685; vice-admiral under Drake in expedition to Cadiz, 1587, when he was put under arrest for questioning Drake on wisdom of an attack on Lagos: commanded a vessel against Armada, 1588. His works include a treatise on variation of compass, several charts, and accounts of his voyages (printed In Hakluyt).
^ H. P. Borrell (d. 1851), numismatist; engaged in trade at Smyrna; published writings on numismatics.
^ William Borrer (1781–1862), botanist; fellow of Royal, Linnaean, and Wernerian societies; contributed to botanical publications.
^ George Borrow (1803–1881), author; educated at Edinburgh High School; articled to solicitor at Norvi.-ii: adopted literature as profession; assisted in compiling Ni-wate Calendar; toured through England :ui.l loiinn-yed in France, Germany, Hunsia,Spain, and tin- Ka t, studying the language of each country be ut for British and Foreign Bible Society; *-tt!nl at unlton Broad, where he became celebrated for his promiscuous hospitality; published translations and .! volumes, includingBible in Spain" (1843). -ies in Spain (1841), Lavengro(1861), and Romany Rye (1W57), relating to his travels, and marked hv thi-ir idi-alisation of an open air and vagrant life.
^ Thomas Borstale (d. 1290?), theologian; Augustinian friar at Norwich; D.D. Sorbonne, Paris.
^ David Borthwick (d. 1581), lord advocate of Scotland; educated at St. Leonard's College, St. Andrews; called to bar, 1549; legal adviser to Bothwell; king's advocate and lord of session, 1573.
^ Peter Borthwick (1804–1852), editor of the Morning Post: educated at Edinburgh University and Jesus College, Cambridge; fellow-commoner, Downing College; spoke against abolition of slavery; M.P. for Evesham, 1835-47; called to bar at Gray's Inn, 1847; editor of Morning Post 1850-2; published speeches.
^ William Borthwick , fourth Baron Borthwick (d. 1542), guardian of James V, 1513.
^ William Borthwick (1760–1820), general; served in royal artillery in Flanders; prepared siege trains for Ciudad Rodrigo and Badajoz, 1812; major-general, 1812.
^ Sir Arthur Borton (1814–1893), general and governor of Malta; educated at Eton; ensign, 9th foot, 1832; colonel, 1854; major-general, 1868; lieutenantgeneral, 1875; general, 1877; colonel of Norfolk regiment, 1889; served in Afghanistan campaign, 1842, Satlaj campaign, 1845-6, Crimea, 1854-6, and Canada, 1856; commanded Maisur division of Madras army, 1870-6; K.C.B., 1877; governor and commander-in-chief of Malta, 18781884; G.C.M.G., 1880; G.C.B., 1884.
^ Joseph Boruwlaski or Boruslawski (1739–1837), dwarf; born at Halicz, Polish Galicia; enjoyed, until his marriage, the patronage of Countess Humiecka, with whom he travelled in France, Holland, and Germany; came to England, where he lived chiefly on proceeds of concerts; published * Memoirs in French and English (the English a translation by M. des Carrieres), 1788.
^ Bosa (d. 705), bishop ; monk of Hilda's monastery at Streoneshalch (Whitby); bishop of York, 678, on division of Wilfrid's diocese by Ecgfrith and Archbishop Theodore; superseded by Wilfrid, 686, but probably reinstated, 691.
^ Charles Bosanquet (1769–1850), city merchant; governor of South Sea Company; high sheriff of Northumberland, 1828, and J.P. and D.L. for that county; lieutenant-colonel, 1819, and later colonel of light horse volunteers; published economic treatises.
^ James Whatman Bosanquet (1804–1877), chronologist; educated at Westminster; became partner in banking-house of Bosanquet, Salt & Co.; published works embodying researches into biblical and Assyrian chronology.
^ Sir John Bernard Bosanquet (1773–1847), judge; educated at Eton and Christ Church. Oxford; M.A., 1800; called to bar at Lincoln's Inn 1800; counsel to East India Company and to Bank of England; serjeantat-law, 1814; king's t-crjeant, 1827; presided over commission to inquire into practice of common law courts, 1828-30; judge ot common pleas and knighted, 1830; privy councillor, 1833; lord commissioner of great seal, 1835-6.
^ Samuel Richard Bosanquet (1800–1882), author; educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1829; called to bar at Inner Temple; one of revising barristers appointed on passing of Reform Act, 1832; ! chairman of Monmouthshire quarter sessions; pub 1 lished miscellaneous works, including Hindoo Chrouo I logy and Antediluvian History
^ Family of Boscawen . The first member of importance, Hugh (d. 1641), recorder of Truro, whose son Edward was father of Hugh, first viscount Falmouth; from whom was descended Edward, the admiral, whose youngest son, George Evelyn, was third viscount; George Evelyn's son, Edward, became first Earl of Falmouth.
^ Edward Boscawen (1711–1761), admiral, third son of Hugh, first viscount Falmouth; lieutenant, 1732; served at Porto BeJlo, 1739-40, at Cartagena, 1741; commanded small squadron in Soundings, 1746: wounded off Finisterre, 1747; appointed commander-in-chief by land and sea in East Indies, 1747; unsuccessfully attempted to reduce Pondicherry; nominally M.P. for Truro after 1741; lord commissioner of admiralty, 1751-61; vice admiral, 1755; commanded on North American station, in Channel, off Brest, and in Bay of Biscay at intervals between 1755 and 1757; second in command under Hawke, 1757; admiral of the blue, 1758; commander-in-chief of fleet at siege of Louisburg, 1758; privy councillor, 1759; commanded squadron in Mediterranean, and defeated French in Lagos Bay, 1769; general of marines; commanded fleet in Quiberon Bay, 1760; his portrait was painted by Reynolds.
^ Edward Boscawen , first Earl of Falmouth (1787-1841), son of George Evelyn, third viscount Falmouth; ensign in Coldstream guards; recorder of Truro; created earl, 1820.
^ Hugh Boscawen , first Viscount Falmouth (d. 1734), M.P. for Tregony, 1702-5, county of Cornwall, 1705-10, Truro, 1710-13, and Penryn, 1713-1720: steward of duchy of Lancaster and lord warden of the Stannaries, 1708; comptroller of household, 1714-20; joint vice-treasurer of Ireland, 1717-34; raised to peerage, 1720.
^ William Boscawen (1752–1811), author ; nephew i of Edward Boscaweu (1711-1761); educated at ; Eton and Exeter College, Oxford; commissioner of vic: tualliug office, 1785; published translations of Horace and j other works.
^ James Bosgrave (1547?–1623), Jesuit; entered Society of Jesus at Rome, 1564; ordained priest, 1572; came to England, 1580; suffered much persecution, and was sent into exile, 1585; died in Poland.
^ Herbert de Bosham (fl. 1162–1186). See Herbert.
^ Boso (d. 1181?), third English cardinal; nephew of Nicholas Breakspear, pope Adrian IV; monk of St. Albans; joined Adrian at Rome; cardinal-priest, 1156; wrote in verse lives of female saints.
^ John Bossam (fl. 1550), painter and draughtsman ; in black and white.
^ John Bossewell (. 1572), antiquary and public notary; published writings on heraldry.
^ John Boste or Boast (1543?–1594), catholic priest; M.A. Oxford; entered English College, Dpuay i (temporarily removed to Rheims); ordained priest; joined English mission, 1581; executed.
^ John Bostock (d. 1465). See Whethamstede.
^ John Bostock , the elder (1740–1774), physician; M.D. Edinburgh, 1769; extra licentiate, College of Physicians, London, 1770; practised in Liverpool; physician to Royal Infirmary.
^ John Bostock , the younger (1773–1846), physician, son of John Bostock (1740-1774); M.D. Edinburgh, 1798; practised in Liverpool; removed (1817) to London, where he abandoned medicine for general science; lectured on chemistry at Guy's Hospital; F.R.S.; president, Geological Society, 1826; vice-president, Royal Society, 1832; chief work, System of Physiology 1824.
^ Boston Buriensis (fl. 1410), or JOHN BOSTON of Bury, bibliographer: Augustinian monk of Bury St. Edmund's; wrote Catalogus Scriptortun Ecclesiae a list, with authors' names, of books, in libraries of English monasteries and elsewhere; and Speculum Coenobitarum, an account of origin of monastic life.
^ Thomas Boston , the elder (1677–1732), Scottish divine: employed in office of Alexander Cockburn, writer to signet, 1689; M.A. Edinburgh, 1694; studied theology, 1690-1701; parish schoolmaster at Glencairn, 1696; onlained minister at Simprin, Berwickshire, 1699; clerk of synod, 1701; minister at Ettrick, 1707-32; basing his views on a work entitled Marrow of Modern Divinity h with eleven others, opposed act of assembly (1720) condemning the book, the twelve being nicknamed the twelve apostles and Marrow-men; published religious works, a treatise on Hebrew accente appearing posthumously.
^ Thomas Boston , the younger (1713–1767), Scottish relief minister; son of Thomas Boston (1677-1732); educated at Edinburgh University: ordained, 1733; minister at Oxnam, Roxburghshire, 1749; prohibited by presbytery, 1758, from employment in any office; continued in his ministry at Jedburgh in independent capacity, and with Thomas Gillespie and another minister formed, 1761, new ecclesiastical body called presbytery of relief of which Boston was first moderator.
^ William Bosville (1745–1813), bon vivant ; lieutenant, 1769; served in American war; retired from army, 1777; travelled in France, Italy, and Morocco, and subsequently settled in Welbeck Street, London, where he ; renowned for his hospitality.
^ Alexander Boswell, Lord Auckinleck (1706-1782), Scottish judge; graduated at Leyden, 1727; member of Faculty of Advocates, 1729; sheriff-depute of Wigtownshire, 1748-50; lord of session, 1754; lord justiciary, 1755-80.
^ Sir Alexander Boswell (1775–1822), antiquary and poet; eldest sou of James Bos well the elder; educated at Westminster and Oxford; settled at Auchinleck, where he established a private press, 1815, and issued a series of reprints of old poems under title of Frondes Oaducae 1816-18; member of Roxburghe Olub, 1819; conservative M.P. for Plympton, Devonshire, 1818 and 1820; accepted Ohiltern Hundreds, 1821; created baronet, 1821; died from effects of duel with James Stuart of Dunearn, whom he had attacked in the Glasgow Sentinel; originated the idea of erecting on banks of the Doon the monument to Burns; published poetical and antiquarian writings, and edited several reprints of old works,
^ Claud Irvine Boswell , LORD BALMUTO (1742-1824), Scottish judge; nephew of James Boswell, the elder; educated at Edinburgh University; member of Faculty of Advocates, 1766; lord of session, 1799-1822.
^ Edward Boswell (1760–1842), solicitor; published antiquarian works.
^ James Boswell , the elder (1740–1795), biographer of Johnson; son of Alexander Boswell, lord Auchinleck ; educated at Edinburgh High School and university; studied law at Glasgow under Adam Smith, and at Edinburgh; made acquaintance of Johnson in London, 1763; studied civil law at Utrecht, 1765, and travelled thence to Berlin and Geneva, meeting Voltaire and Rousseau; made acquaintance of Wilkes in Italy, and was introduced to General Paoli in Corsica; returned to England, 1766; advocate, 1766; published Account of Corsica 1768, andEssays in Favour of the Brave Oorsicans 1769; took part in Shakespearean jubilee celebration at Stratford, 1769; made frequent visit* to Johnson in London between 1772 and 1784; toured with Johnson in Hebrides, August to November, 1773: elected member of Literary Olub, 1773; began to keep terms at Inner Temple, 1775; succeeded to bis father's estate, 1782; published Letter to People of Scotland on Present State of the Nation hoping to gain political influence, 1783; published Journal of Tour to Hebrides the work being revised by Malone, 1786; called to English bar, 1786; recorder of Carlisle, 1788-90; came to reside in London, 1789; published Life of Johnson (also previously revised by Malone), 1791; secretary of foreign correspondence to Royal Academy, 1791. His portrait was painted by Reynolds.
^ James Boswell , the younger (1778–1822), lawyer; second surviving son of James Boswell the elder ; educated at Westminster and Bnisenose College, Oxford; M.A., 1806; Vinerian fellow; called to bar at Inner Temple, 1806; commissioner of bankrupts; completed second edition of Malone's Shakespeare: member of Roxburghe Club; edited third variorum Shakespeare, 1821.
^ John Boswell (1698–1766), author ; B.A. Balliol College, Oxford, 1720; tutor; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge; prebendary of Wells, 1736; published miscellaneous works.
^ Robert Boswell (1746–1804), psalmist ; writer to signet; teaching elder in church of Sandemanians Edinburgh; published metrical version of Psalms.
^ Sir William Boswell (d. 1649), diplomatist; fellow, Jesus College, Cambridge, 1606; secretary to Sir Dudley Carleton, when ambassador at the Hague, succeeding him in the post; knighted, 1633; continued Carleton's policy at the Hague, and supported Gomarists against Barneveldt and the remonstrants.
^ Joseph Bosworth (1789–1876), Anglo-Saxon scholar; M.A. and LL.D. Aberdeen; member of Trinity College, Cambridge; vicar of Little Horwood, Buckinghamshire, 1817-29; chaplain at Amsterdam, 1829, and afterwards at Rotterdam; D.D. Cambridge, 1839; incorporated member of Christ Church, Oxford, 1857; Rawlinson professor of Anglo-Saxon, Oxford, 1868; F.R.S.; published Anglo-Saxon Dictionary 1838, and translated Alfred's Orosius 1855.
^ William Bosworth (1607–1660?), poetical writer. A volume of his poems was published posthumously in 1651.
^ Edward Boteler (d. 1670), divine; fellow of Magdalene College, Cambridge; ejected, 1644; king's chaplain, 1660; prebendary of Lincoln, 1665.
^ Nathaniel Boteler (fl. 1625–1627), navy captain; served in expeditions to Cadiz and Isle of Re; wrote an account of naval customs (published, 1685).
^ William Fuller Boteler (1777–1845), commissioner of bankruptcy; educated at Charterhouse and St. John's College, Cambridge; senior wrangler, 1799; fellow of St. Peter's College; M.A., 1802; called to bar at Lincoln's Inn, 1804; K.C., 1831; senior commissioner of district court of bankruptcy, Leeds, 1844.
^ Francis Boteville (1545?–1608). See Francis Thynne.
^ William Boteville (d. 1646). See Thynne.
^ Beriah Botfield (1807–1863), bibliographer; educated at Harrow and Christ Church, Oxford; B.A.. 1828; sheriff of Northamptonshire, 1831; M.P. for Ludlow, 1840-7, and 1857-63; established private press at Norton Hall, Northamptonshire. His publications include 'Notes on Cathedral Libraries of England 1849. and editions for the Roxburghe, Maitland, Abbotsford. and Bannatyne clubs, and Surtees Society.
^ Adam Bothwell (1527?–1593), divine; bishop of Orkney, 1559; on commission for revising Book of Discipline, 1563; lord of session, 1565; performed, after protestant form, marriage ceremony of Mary Queen of Scots and James Hepburn, earl of Bothwell, at Holyrood House, and crowned and anointed Mary's son, Charles James, at Stirling, 1567; suspended from ministry for solemnising the marriage, 1567-8; exchanged greater part of temporalities of Orkney, while retaining title of bishop, for abbacy of Holyrood House, 1570; on commission to frame revised ecclesiastical settlement, 1572; one of council of twelve forming provisional government overthrown on 10 June, 1578; one of lords of articles at parliament, 1584.
^ Samuel Botley (1842–1696?), writer on stenography.
^ Botolph or Botulf (d. 680), saint ; studied in Germany, where he became a Benedictine monk; founded monastery lit Ikanho (iwrhaps near present town of Boston), 054; commemorated on 17 June.
^ William Botoner (1415–1482?). See Worcester.
^ Thomas Bott (1688–1754), divine: held various living in Norfolk: published Answer to Warburton's Divine Lection 1743.
^ Thomas Bott (1829–1870), china painter ; artist in Royal Porcelain Works, Worcester, where his work in Worcester enamel gained considerable reputation.
^ John de Bottetourt (d. 1324), baron and admiral; governor of St. Briavel's Oastle, and warden of Itonst of Dean; commanded fleet at burning 1 of Cherbourg, rrvcd iiinlt'r Edward I in Gascouy and Scotland; joined Warwick against Piers Gaveston.
^ William of Bottisham or Bottlesham (d. 1400), bishop; Dominican; D.D., and fellow, Pembroke College, Cambridge; bishop of Bethlehem, c. 1385, Llandaff, 1386, and Rochester, 1389.

[1] James Ebenezer Bicheno (1785–1861), statesman; called to bar at Middle Temple, 1822; joined Oxford circuit; F.L.S., 1812, and secretary, 1824-32; published Ireland and its Economy 1830: member of commission to investigate condition of poor in Ireland, c. 1833: colonial secretary in Van Diemeu's Laud, 1842, where he died; wrote works on economic and scientific subjects.

[2] William Bickerstaff (1728–1789), antiquary ; under-master of Lower Free grammar school, Leicester, 1750; held successively various curacies in Leicestershire; contributed papers on antiquarian subjects to Gentleman's Magazine

[3] Isaac Bickerstaffe (d. 1812?), dramatic writer; page to Lord Chesterfield, when lord lieutenant of Ireland; produced between 1756 and 1771 many successful dramatic pieces, including Love in a Village (1762); fled abroad, being suspected of a capital crime, 1772; died abroad in degraded circumstances.

[4] Edward Bickersteth (1786–1850), evangelical divine; received appointment in General Post Office, c. 1800; in partnership with his brother-in-law, a solicitor at Norwich, 1812; abandoned practice of law, and was ordained; one of secretaries of Church Missionary Society, 1816-30, during which time he travelled asdeputation; assistant minister of Wheler Episcopal Chapel, Spitalfields; rector of Watton, Hertfordshire, 1830. Took an active part in opposing the Tractarian movement; one of the founders of the Parker Society and of the Irish Church Missions Society; frequently acted as deputation for Society for Conversion of Jews, and other religious associations. His works include Help to Studying the Scriptures and Christian Psalmody a collection of over seven hundred hymns.

[5] Edward Bickersteth (1814–1892), dean of Lichfield; M.A. Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, 1839; D.D., 1864; vicar of Aylesbury and archdeacon of Buckinghamshire, 1853; honorary canon of Christ Church, Oxford, 1866; dean of Lichfield, 1875; during several years prolocutor over lower house of convocation of Canterbury; published religious writings 1897), ??bishop of

[6] Edward Bickersteth (1850) South Tokyo, Japan; B.A. Pembroke College, Cambridge, 1873; fellow, 1875; M.A., 1876; ordained deacon, 1873; priest, 1874; head of Cambridge mission to Delhi, 18771882; rector of Framlingham, 1882; bishop of South Tokyo, Japan, 1886.

[7] Henry Bickersteth, Baron Langdale (1783-1861), master of rolls, brother of Edward Bickersteth (1786-1850); studied medicine in London and Edinburgh: Hewitt scholar, Oaius College, Cambridge, 1802; senior wrangler and senior Smith's mathematical prizeman, 1808; B.A. and fellow; called to bar at Inner Temple, 1811; bencher, 1827; M.A., 1811; gave valuable evidence before commission on procedure of court of chancery, 1824: K.C., 1827; sworn privy councillor, apjiointed master of rolls, and created Baron Langdale of Langdale. Westmoreland, 1836; temporarily speaker of House of Lords, 150; head of commission entrusted with seal, 1850.

[8] Robert Bickersteth (1816–1884), bishop of Ripon; graduated at Queens' College, Cambridge, 1841; lion, secretary of Irish Church Missions, 1860; canon iv-i.lontiary nnd treasurer, Salisbury Cathedral, 1864; bishop of Ripon, 1857; gained considerable reputation as evangelical preacher,

[9] Sir Richard Bickerton (1727–1792), vice-admiral; entered navy, 1739; lieutenant in West Indies, 17461748; post-captain in Mediterranean, 1759, West Indies, and Channel, 1761; knighted, 1773; baronet, 1778; assisted in second relief of Gibraltar, 1781; commodore of first class in East Indies, 1782-4: commander-in-chief at Leeward Islands, 178C-7; rear-admiral, 1787; vice-admiral, 1790; port-admiral at Plymouth till death.

[10] Sir Richard Hussey Bickerton (1759–1832), admiral: son of Sir Richard Bickerton; entered navy, 1771; lieutenant, 1777; commander, 1779; in Channel, 1779-80, West Indies, 1781 and 1787-90, and Channel, 1793-4, West Indies and Newfoundland, 1794, North Sea, 1795, and Channel, 1797-9; rear-admiral, 1799; served at Cadiz and on Egyptian coast; commauder-inchief in Mediterranean; second in command under Nelson, 1804-5; admiral, 1810; commander-in-chief at Portsmouth, 1812; K.C.B., 1815; general of marines, 1830.

[11] George Bickham , the younger (d. 1758), engraver; son of George Bickham (d. 1769); published essay on drawing, also humorous and other engravings.

[12] George Bickham , the elder (f. 1769), writing master and engraver; published portraits, engravings, and (1743) The Universal Penman

[13] Thomas Bickley (1518–1596), bishop of Chichester; chorister in free school of Magdalen College, Oxford; fellow, 1541; one of Edward VI's chaplains at Windsor; retired to France during Mary's reign; chancellor in Lichfield Cathedral and warden of Merton College, Oxford, after Elizabeth's accession; bishop of Chichester, 1585.

[14] Alexander Bicknell (d. 1796), author; published works, including fiction and histories, between 1777 and 1785.

[15] Elhanan Bicknell (1788–1861), patron of art : collected, between 1838 and 1850, at his residence at Herne Hill, Surrey, many valuable pictures by masters of the modern British school.

[16] Herman Bicknell (1830–1875), author, orientalist, and traveller; son of Elhanan Bicknell; educated at Paris, Hanover, University College, and St. Bartholomew's Hospital; graduated at College of Surgeons, 1854; military surgeon in Hong Kong, 1865, India, 1856-60, and at Aldershot; resigned commission, and devoted himself to languages and to travelling in all parts of the world. Translations from Hafiz by him were published posthumously.

[17] M--- Bicknell (1695?–1723), actress; first heard of as playing at the Haymarket in Cibber's Careless Husband 1706; at Drury Lane, from 1708 to 1721, when she was the original Lady Wrangle in Cibber's Refusal; last appeared, 1723.

[18] Alexander Bicknor or Bykenore (d. 1349) archbishop of Dublin; prebendary of Maynooth and treasurer of Ireland; elected archbishop of Dublin, 1310, but his election set aside by Edward II; consecrated, 1317; lord justice of Ireland, 1318; went on embassies to i France. 1323 and 1324; joined conspiracy formed in I France to overthrow the Despensers; sided with Queen Isabella against Edward II, 1326; papal collector, 1330: during last years of his life, engaged in dispute with archbishop of Armagh concerning primacy of Ireland; , founded college in St. Patrick's Church, 1320.

[19] George Parker Bidder (1806–1878), engineer; exhibited, when very young, by his father as acalculating phenomenon; educated at Edinburgh; took to engineering, and became associated with Robert Stephenson in London and Birmingham railway, 1834; obtained work in connection with parliamentary committees; a founder of the Electric Telegraph Company. His constructive works include the Victoria Docks, London. I

[20] John Biddle (1615–1662), Unitarian : M.A. Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1641; master of free school of St. Marvle-rypt, Gloucester; imprisoned in Gloucester by parliamentary commissioners, his religious views being called in question, but released on bail, 1 045; brought before parliamentary commission at Vist minster, ami. having published works refuting Godhead of Holy Spirit, was remanded to prison, 1647; liberated on bail, but soon afterwards again confined in Newgate; released by decree of oblivion, 1652; published A Two-fold Catechism 1654, and was imprisoned in Gatehouse, 1654-5; became entangled in dispute with a baptist pastor, and was exiled to Scilly Islands, 1655-8; released, but rearrested; subsequently died from disease contracted in prison. His controversial writings attracted considerable attention.

[21] Sir George Biddlecombe (1807–1878), captain and author: midshipman in mercantile marine, 1823; second master in royal navy, 1833: in active service, and engaged in naval surveys, c. 1828-64; master attendant at Woolwich yard, 1864-8; staff -captain and C.B., 1867: knighted, 1873; published works relating to naval matters.

[22] Sir Thomas Myddleton Biddulph (1809–1878), general; lieutenant, 1829; master of Queen Victoria's household, 1851; colonel, 1854; K.C.B., 1863; keeper of Queen Victoria's privy purse, 1867: lieutenant-general, 1873; brevet-general and privy councillor, 1877.

[23] Thomas Tregenna Biddulph (1763–1838), evangelical divine; M.A. Queen's College, Oxford, 1787; incumbent of Bengeworth, near Evesham, 1793-1803, and of St. James's, Bristol, 1799-1838; published theological works.

[24] John Bidgood (1624–1690), physician ; educated at Exeter College, Oxford; Petreian fellow, 1642: bachelor of physic, 1648; excluded from fellowship by parliamentarian visitors, 1649-60; M.D. Padua; practised at Chard and subsequently at Exeter; incorporated M.D. Oxford, 1660; F.C.P., 1686.

[25] John Bidlake (1755–1814), divine and poet; M.A. and D.D. Christ Church, Oxford, 1808; minister at Stonehouse; chaplain to prince regent and Duke of Clarence; Bampton lecturer, 1811; afflicted with blindness, 1811; published religious and poetical works.

[26] John Carne Bidwill (1815–1853), botanist and traveller; became merchant at Sydney, New South Wales; accompanied exploring expeditions in New Zealand and made several botanical discoveries; contributed to the Gardener's Chronicle.

[27] Sarah Biffin or Beffin (1784–1850), miniature painter; born without arms or legs, but contrived to use pencil and paintbrush with her mouth; travelled about the country exhibiting her powers, 1812; received medal from Society of Artists, 1821.

[28] Nicholas Bifield (1579–1622).

[29] John Stanyan Bigg (1828–1866), poet and journalist; publishedThe Sea King a metrical romance, 1848; edited in Ireland Downshire Protestant; returned and became editor and proprietor of Olverston Advertiser 1860-5. His most important poem, Night and the Soul (1854), shows that his sympathies were with theSpasmodic School

[30] William Redmore Bigg (1765–1828), painter ; pupil of Edward Penny, R.A.; entered Academy schools, 1778; R.A., 1814.

[31] Joseph gillis Biggar (1828–1890), Irish politician; provision merchant at Belfast, 1861-80; town councillor, 1871; chairman of Belfast water commission; joined Isaac Butt's Home Rule Association, 1870; M.P. for co. Cavan, 1874 till death; joined Irish Republican Brotherhood (the Fenians), 1876, and became member of supreme council, but was expelled from the body, 1877, for refusing to sever his connection with the parliamentary movement; treasurer of land league, 1879; opposed Gladstone's Irish policy, 1880-1; suspended for disorderly conduct, 1881: he was one of the Irish politicians whose conduct was investigated during the Paniell commission, 1887; he adopted, with considerable success, from 1876, a policy of parliamentaryobstruction

[32] John Bigland (1760–1832), schoolmaster and author; village schoolmaster; published Reflections on Resurrection and Ascension of Christ 1803; adopted literary profession and published series of popular works connected chiefly with geography and history,

[33] Ralph Bigland (1711-17H4), Garter king-of-arms ; blue mantle, College of Arms, 1757; Somerset and registrar, 1763; Norroy king-of-arms, 1773; Clarenceux, 1774; Garter king-of-arms, 1780; made collections for history of Gloucestershire.

[34] Henry Bignell (1611–1660?), divine; B.A. St. Mary's Hall, Oxford; rector, 1646, of St. Peter-le-Bayly, Oxford, whence he was ejected for scandalous conduct.

[35] Bignell Mas. (1695?–1723).

[36] Sir Francis Bigod or Bygod (1508–1537), rebel ; knighted, c. 1629; educated at Oxford; in Cardinal Wolsey's service, 1627: employed under Thomas Cromwell in advancing Henry VIII's reforms in Yorkshire; hanged for heading insurrection at Beverley in connection with Pilgrimage of Grace.

[37] Hugh Bigod , first EARL of NORFOLK (d. 1176 or 1177), second son of Roger Bigod (d. 1107); governor of Norwich till 1122; king's dapifer, 1123; took active part in rebellions against Henry I; Earl of Norfolk on Stephen's accession; held Norwich against Stephen, J 136; surrendered and was pardoned; fought under Stephen at Lincoln, 1141; joined Henry of Anjou's party and held Ipswich against Stephen, 1153, but escaped punishment on its fall; 1 showed signs of hostility to Henry II, but gave in his I submission, 1157; assisted prince Henry's rebellion against his father, 1173; submitted to Henry II, 1174; probably died in Holy Land, whither he had accompanied Philip of Flanders on pilgrimage.

[38] Hugh Bigod (d. 1266), justiciar ; chief ranger of I Farndale forest, Yorkshire, 1255; chief justiciar, 1268-60; i keeper of Tower of London, 1258; governor of Dover ! Castle, 1258-61.

[39] Roger Bigod , second EARL of NORFOLK (d. 1221), son of Hugh, first earl; steward of royal household under Richard I; ambassador to Philip of France to arrange crusade; justiciar after Richard's return; justice itinerant in Norfolk; enjoyed John's favour until 1213, when he was imprisoned; released and restored to favour; joined barons against John, 1215.

[40] Roger Bigod , fourth EARL of NORFOLK (d. 1270), marshal of England; grandson of Roger Bigod, second earl; knighted, 1233; head of commission of justices itinerant in Essex and Hertfordshire, 1234; accompanied unsuccessful embassy to Lyons to protest against papal exactions, 1245; earl marshal, 1246: played prominent part in bringing forward Provisions of Oxford, 1268; supported Henry III against Simon de Montfort, 1269, but subsequently joined de Montfort's party.

[41] Roger Bigod , fifth EARL of NORFOLK (1245–1306), marshal of England: son of Hugh Bigod (d. 1266); refused, with Earl of Hereford, to serve in Gascony unaccompanied by Edward I, 1297, and, on the king's departure to Flanders, protested in arms against taxation without national consent, Edward renouncing the right at Ghent, 1298; gave up marshal's rod, 1301.

[42] John Jeremiah Bigsby (1792–1881), geologist ; M.D. Edinburgh, 1814; army medical officer at Cape, 1817; commissioned to report on geology of Upper Canada, 1819; British secretary and medical officer of Canadian boundary commission, 1822; fellow, Geological Society, 1823; F.R.S., 1869; practised medicine at Newark, 18271846, ami in London, 1846-81; published scientific and other writings.

[43] Robert Bigsby (1806–1873), antiquary; educated for legal profession, but abandoned it and turned his attention to study and accumulation of antiquities, acquiring several curious relics of Sir Francis Drake; published historical, antiquarian, and other works,

[44] Bilfrith (fi. 750), anchorite of Lindisfarne ; adorned with gold and gems the Durham Book a manuscript of the gospels now in Cottonian Library.

[45] Robert Bill (1754–1827), inventor : educated for the army, but occupied himself with literary and scientific pursuits: originated improvements in domestic and other contrivances.

[46] William Bill (d. 1561), dean of Westminster : BA. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1533; fellow, 1535; MA 1536; D.D. and master of his college, 1547: Linacre lecturer, 1547-9: vice-chancellor, 1549: master of Trinity and itineniry chaplain to the king, 1551; deprived of mastership by Mury, but reinstated, 1558; chief uluioner, 1554; fellow and provost of Eton College, 1559; prebendary of Lincoln 1659: on commission for revision of prayerbook, 1560; dean of Westminster, 1560.

[47] Archibald Billing (1791–1881), physician; AB Trinity College. Dublin, 1811; M.D., 1818; incorporated M.D. Oxford? 1818; P.O.P., 1819, censor, College of Physicians, 1823, and councillor, 1852-5; physician to London Hospital, 1822-45; instituted clinical lectures in London, 1823; member of senate of London University. I.s36; F.K.S.: published medical works and a text-book on engraved gems, coins, and similar objects.

[48] Sir Thomas Billing (d. 1481?), lawyer ; member of.ray's Inn; M.P. for London, 1448; recorder, 1451; serjeant-at-law, 1454; king's serjeant, 1458; knighted, r. 1 158; took part against the Lancastrians; judge of king's bench, 1464; chief- justice of king's bench, 1469 till death,

[49] Richard Billingham or Bullingham (fl.–1350), schoolman; educated at Merton College, Oxford; concerned in riot occasioned by election to chancellorship of university, 1349.

[50] Joseph Billings (6. 1758?), explorer ; sailed as A.B. under Captain Cook on his last voyage; lieutenant in Russian navy; commanded Russian exploring expedition to north-eastern parts of Asia, 1785, and was promoted successively captain-lieutenant, and captain of second and first class.

[51] Robert William Billings (1813–1874), architect: employed in illustrating architectural works; published on his own account Architectural Antiquities of County of Durham (1846), Baronial and Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Scotland(1845-52), and other works; restored many important old buildings in England and Scotland,

[52] Sir Henry Billingsley (d. 1606), lord mayor of London and first translator of Euclid into English; scholar of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1561; studied at Oxford; apprenticed to London liaberdasher; sheriff of London, 1584; lord mayor, 1596; knighted, c. 1597; M.P. for London, 1604; published, 1570, the first translation of Euclid into English.

[53] John Blllingsley , the elder (1625–1684), nonconformist divine; educated at St. John's College, Cambridge; fellow of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1648; incorporated B.A., 1649: minister at Chesterfield: ejected, 1662, but continued to preach in private; published controversial and other religious works.

[54] John Blllingsley , the younger (1657–1722), nonconformist divine; son of John Billingsley (16251684); educated at Trinity College, Cambridge; ministered successively at Chesterfield, Sheffield, Selston, Kingston-upon-Hull, and at Crutched Friars (1706); sided with opponents of subscription, 1719; published religious tracts,

[55] Martin Billingsley (fl. 1618–1637), writing master, probably to Prince Charles; published The Pens Excellencie, or the Secretarys Delight 1618.

[56] Nicholas Billingsley (1633–1709), poet and divine: educated at Eton and Merton College, Oxford; held living of Weobley: ejected, 1662: kept school at Abergavenny; received living of Blakeney in parish of Aw re, Gloucestershire, from which he was subsequently suspended; published religions poems.

[57] Elizabeth Billington (1768–1818), singer; daughter of Carl Weichsel, a native of Freiberg, Saxony, principal oboist at the King's Theatre; studied music under her father and Schroeter: appeared at concert at Oxford, 1782: married James Billiugton, double bass player at Drury Lane, 1783: engaged at Covent Garden, 1786; received lessons from Sacchini at Paris, 1786, and later from Morelli, Pner, and Himmel: sang at Covent Garden, the concerts of ancient music, the oratorios, and Handel commemorations, till 1793: travelled on continent, where, on her husband's death, she married M. Felissent, a Frenchman, 1799; appeared, on alternate uitrhts, at Covent Garden and Drury Lane, iWll; sang at King's Theatre in Italian opera, 1802 till 1811, when she retired; one of England's greatest singers.

[58] Thomas Billington (. 1852). harpsichord and singing master; brother-in-law of Elizabeth Billington; member of Royal Society of Musicians, 1777; published instrumental and other musical compositions.

[59] William Billington (1827–1884), dialect writer; employed in cotton mills at Blackburn: published verse and prose writings in Lancashire dialect.

[60] Thomas Bilney or Bylney (d. 1531), martyr; educated at Trinity Hall, Cambridge; LL.B.; gained friendship of Matthew Parker and Latimer; licensed to preach throughout diocese of Ely, 1525, and delivered many sermons against prayers to saints and image worship; arrested at instance of Wolsey and confined in Tower, 1527: persuaded to recant and released, 1529; preached in Norfolk, 1531; apprehended and subsequently burned at Bishopsgate. He maintained a consistent orthodoxy, after medieval standards, on the power of the pope and of the church, the sacrifice of the mass, and the doctrine of transubstantiation.

[61] Thomas Bilson (1547–1616), bishop of Winchester; educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford; M.A., 1570; D.D., 1581; prebendary of Winchester, and warden of Winchester College, 1576; bishop of Worcester, 1596 and of Winchester, 1597; published religious works.

[62] William Binckes (d. 1712), dean of Lichfield; B.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1674; fellow of Peterhouse; M.A., 1678: prebendary of Lincoln, 1683, and of Lichfield, 1697; D.D., 1699; dean of Lichfield, 1703.

[63] Charles Bindley , known as HARRY HIEOVER (1795-1859), sporting writer; published works on sporting subjects, including a revised and corrected edition of Delabere Elaine's Encyclopaedia of Rural Sports 1862.

[64] James Bindley (1737–1818), book collector; educated at Charterhouse and Peterhouse, Cambridge; M.A., 1762; commissioner of stamp duties, 1765; senior commissioner, 1781-1818; F.S.A., 1765; formed valuable collection of rare books, engravings, and medals,

[65] Francis Bindon (d. 1765), painter and architect; executed portraits of Swift, Richard Baldwin, and other eminent Irishmen; retired, c. 1750.

[66] George Bingham (1715–1800), divine; educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford: fellow of All Souls; M.A., 1739; B.D., 1748; proctor, 1746-6: rector of Pimperne, Dorsetshire, 1748; proctor for diocese of Salisbury in convocations of 1761, 1768, 1774, I and 1780. He assisted the Rev. John Hutchins in compiling his History of Dorsetshire and published religious works.

[67] George Charles Bingham , third Earl of Lucan (1800–1888), field-marshal: educated at West1 minster: ensign, 1816: lieutenant, 1820; major, 1825: and j lieutenant-colonel, 1826-37, 17th lancers; M.P. for co. Mayo. 1826-30; succeeded to earldom, 1839; elected representative peer of Ireland, 1840; lord- lieutenant of Mayo, 1845; major-general, 1851; commanded cavalry division in army in Turkey, 1854: directed charge of heavy brigade at Balaclava, and followed light brigade with two regiments of the heavy brigade to cover its retirement; censured by Lord Raglan and recalled, 1855; K.C.B. and colonel of 8th hussars, 1855: lieutenantgeneral, 1858; general, 1865; colonel of 1st life guards, 1865; G.C.B., 1869; field-marshal, 1887.

[68] Sir George Ridout Bingham (1777–1833), major-general; ensign in Corsica, 1793: served in Cape and in Kaffir war, 1800; major, 1801; lieutenant-colonel of 2nd battalion 58rd foot in Ireland, 1805: in Peninsula, 1809-14; knighted: brigadier-general in St. Helena till 1819; commanded Cork district, 1827-32.

[69] John Bingham (1607–1689), nonconformist divine; educated at St. John's College, Cambridge; head-master in free school, Derby; vicar of Murston-upon-Dove, Derbyshire; ejected, 1662, subsequently suffering considerable persecution; assisted Walton with his great polyglot bible.

[70] Joseph Bingham (1668–1723), divine ; B.A. University College, Oxford, 1688: fellow, 1689; vith.lr.-v from university, being unjustly charged with preaching impious and heretical doctrines, 1696; collated to living of Havant, 1712; lost money in South Sea Bubble; published Origines Ecclesiastic or Antiquities of the Christian Church 10 vols., 1708-22, and other works relating to ecclesiastical history and doctrine,

[71] Margaret Bingham, Countess of Lucan (d. 1814), amateur painter; married, 1760, Sir Charles Bingham (created Earl of Lucan, 1795); spent many years in embellishment of Shakespeare's historical plays. Her miniatures were extravagantly praised by Horace Waipole,

[72] Peregrine Bingham, the elder (1754–1826), biographer and poet; B.C.L. New College, Oxford, 1780; rector of Berwick St. John, Wiltshire, 1817; published memoirs of his father, George Bingham

[73] Peregrine Bingham, the younger (1788–1864), legal writer; son of Peregrine Bingham (1754-1826) : B.A. Magdalen College, Oxford, 1810; called to bar at Middle Temple, 1818; for many years legal reporter; published legal works.

[74] Sir Richard Bingham or Byngham (1528-1599), governor of Connaught; served in Scotland under Somerset, 1547, at St. Quentin, 1557, in expedition against Out-isles of Scotland, 1558, under Don John of Austria against Turks, in conquest of Cyprus, 1572, in Low Countries, 1573, and under Dutch flag against Spaniards, 1578; knighted and appointed governor of Counaught, 1684; rigorously suppressed Connaught rebellion, 1586; temporarily recalled to take part in war in Netherlands, 1587-8; repressed O'Rourke's revolt, 1590-1; imprisoned in Fleet on charge of exercising undue severity, 1596; returned to Ireland as marshal, 1598.

[75] Richard Bingham , the elder (1765–1858), divine; educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford; B.A., 1787; D.C.L., 1801; prebendary of Chichester, 1807; imprisoned at Winchester for fraud, 1813, and published vehement protestation of innocence; issued, 1829, third edition of Origines Ecclesiasticae published by his ancestor, Joseph Bingham

[76] Richard Bingham , the younger (1798–1872), divine; son of Richard Bingham (1765-1858); M.A. Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1827; vicar of Queenborough, isle of Sheppey, 1856-70; published writings relating to liturgical revision, and an edition of works of Joseph Bingham.

[77] Baron Bingley (1676–1731). See Robert Benson.

[78] William Bingley (1774–1823), miscellaneous writer; M.A. St. Peter's College, Cambridge, 1803; minister of Fitzroy chapel. Charlotte Street, London, 1816-23; F.L.S.; published works on various subjects, including topography and natural history.

[79] Simon Binham or Bynham (d. 1336), chronicler; monk of priory of Binhnin, Norfolk; assisted in opposing exactions of Hugh, abbot (1308-26) of St. Albans; said to have contributed toChronicle of Rishanger

[80] William Binham or Bynham (fl. 1370), prior of Wallingford; D.D. Oxford, where he was for a time intimate with Wycliffe, against whom he afterwards wrote Contra Positiones Wiclevi.

[81] Henry Binneman (d. 1583). See Henry Bynneman.

[82] Edward William Binney (1812–1881), geologist; practised as solicitor in Manchester from 1836; a founder and first honorary secretary of Manchester Geological Society; president, 1857-9 and 1865-7; member of London Geological Society, 1863: F.R.S., 1866; wrote many papers on geological subjects, of which Sigillaria was among the most important.

[83] Thomas Binney (1798–1874), nonconformist divine; apprenticed to a Newcastle bookseller: studied at theological seminary at Wymondley, Hertfordshire; pastor of St. James's Street chapel, Newport, Isle of Wight, l.v i. aud congregation at Weigh House, London, 1829-69; 1 acquired high reputation as preacher; visited Australia, 1857; LL.D. Aberdeen, 1852; on two occasions he was elected chairman of the Congregational Union of England and Wales; wrote polemical works and verse of a religious character.

[84] Lord Binning (1697–1733). See Charles Hamilton.

[85] Hugh Binning (1627–1653), Scottish divine: M.A. Glasgow; professor of philosophy, 1647-51; licensed minister; called to parish of Govan, near Glasgow, 1649; ordained, 1650; sided with protesteiy against resolutioners, and took prominent part in dispute before Cromwell at Glasgow, 1651; published religious works.

[86] Sir Henry Binns (1837–1899), prime minister of Natal; went to Natal, 1858; conducted sugar estate at Riet River, 1860, and floated, 1868, Umhlanga Valley Sugar Estate Company, of which he was general manager till 1892; nominee member of legislative council, 1879, and was member for Victoria county, 1883-99; prime minister of Natal, 1897; colonial secretary and minister of agriculture, 1897, but soon resigned latter portfolio: advocated and (1898) brought about entrance of Natal into South African customs union; K.C.M.G., 1898.

[87] John Binns (1772–1860), journalist and politician; engaged as plumber in London, 1794; member of London Corresponding Company; connected with schemes of United Irishmen; in prison, 1798-1801; went to America, 1801; edited successively Republican Argus and Democratic Press

[88] Edward Binyon (1830?–1876), landscape painter; contributed to exhibitions of Royal Academy and Dudley Gallery, 1857-76.

[89] Sir Giovanni Francesco Biondi (1572–1644), historian; born at Lesina, in Gulf of Venice; secretary to Venetian ambassador at Paris; came to England, 1609; represented James I at Calvinist assembly, Grenoble, 1615; knighted, 1622; gentleman of king's privy chamber; died at Aubonne, Switzerland; published in Italian at Venice three romances and a work on the Wars of the Roses, which all appeared in English translations.

[90] Charles Bell Birch (1832–1893), sculptor, son of Jonathan Birch; studied at school of design, Somerset House, and at Royal academies, Berlin and London; assistant to John Henry Foley; won a premium from Art Union of London for Wood Nymph 1864; exhibited at Burlington House from 1864; A.R.A., 1880; produced bronze Griffin on Temple Bar memorial, Fleet Street, 1880; his works include a statue of Lord Beaconsfield at Liverpool, and statues of Queen Victoria at Aberdeen and Oodeypore, India.

[91] James Birch (fl. 1769–1795), heresiarch; watch-motion maker in London; joined Muggletonians, c. 1759, but rejected part of their doctrine, 1772; began to claim personal inspiration, 1778; published theological works.

[92] John Birch (1616–1691), presbyterian colonel; merchant in Bristol; after surrender of Bristol to royalists, levied regiment in London and served as colonel under Sir William Waller; wounded at Arundel. present at battle of Alresford, blockade of Oxford, and skirmish at Cropredy Bridge; entrusted with care of Bath; assisted in assault on Bristol, 1645, which, later, was given into his charge; took Hereford and became its governor; M.P. for Leomiuster; opposed extreme measures of Oromwellians; imprisoned at Hereford, 1664-6: took prominent part in Restoration; member of council of state, 1660: auditor of excise: M.P. for Leominster in Convention parliament, Penrhyn, 1671-8, and for Weobly, 1678-91.

[93] John Birch (1745?–1815), surgeon; served as surgeon in army, and afterwards settled in London; surgeon to St. Thomas's Hospital, 1784-1816; surgeon extraordinary to prince regent: advocated use of electricity as a remedial agent, and opposed introduction of vaccination; published medical works.

[94] Jonathan Birch (1783–1847), translator of Faust*; in office of John Argelander, a timber merchant at Memel (with whom, in 1807, the three eldest sons of Frederick William III of 1'ruwin took refuge), 1803-12; returned to England, 1812: on terms of close intimacy with Frederick William IV of Prussia: published several works, including translations of Goethe's Faust 1839-43, ami tin; NihHungen Lied 1848.

[95] Peter Birch (1652?–1710), divine: alucated at (aiiibri'lu'e ami Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1G74; D.D., !i,s-i: -uro-ssivfly curate of St. Thomas's, Oxford, rector of St. Kbbr's Church and lecturer at Carfax; chaplain to Janifs, iluke of Onnoiiik: chaplain to House of Commons ami prebendary of Westminster, 1689; rector of St. James's, Westminster, 1692, but was removed owing, probably, to his high church principles, which were offensive to the court: vicar of St. Bride's, Fleet Street, 1695; published sermons.

[96] Sir Richard James Holwell Birch (1803–1875), general: ensign, Bengal infantry, 1821; judgeadvocate-geueral to Bengal forces, 1841: O.B., 1849; secretary to Indian military department, 1852; colonel, 1854; major-general, 1858; K.C.B., 1860; lieutenantl. 1862.

[97] Samuel Birch (1757–1841), dramatist; pastrycook in Cornhill; common councillor, 1781; alderman of Candlewick ward, 1807-40; sheriff, 1811; lord mayor, 1814; wrote poems and musical dramas, of which the Adopted Child(1795) was the most successful,

[98] Samuel Birch (1813–1885), egyptologist ; grandson of Samuel Birch; educated at Merchant Taylors School, where he studied Chinese; entered service of commissioners of public records, 1834; assistant in department of antiquities in British Museum, 1836, and was assistant-keeper, 1844-61: studied egyptology, and quickly established importance of Champollion's system of decipherment of Egyptian: keeper of oriental, British, and mediaeval antiquities at British Museum, 1861, and, from 1866 till death, of oriental antiquities alone; founded Society of Biblical Archaeology, 1870, and was president, 1870-85; LL.D. Aberdeen, 1862, and Cambridge, 1876; D.O.L. Oxford, 1876; honorary fellow of Queen's College, Oxford; Rale lecturer at Cambridge, 1876; he published translations from oriental writings and archaeological, egyptological, and other treatises, besides popular educational works on Egyptian language and history.

[99] Thomas Birch (1705–1766), divine; rector of Ulting, Essex,. 1732, Llandewi-Velfrey, Pembroke (a sinecure), 1743, Siddington, near Cirencester, 1744, St. Michael, Wood Street, London, 1744, St. Margaret Pattens, London, 1746-66, and Depden, Suffolk, 1761-6; D.D. Marischal College, Aberdeen, and of Lambeth, 1753; F.R.S. and F.S.A., 1735; secretary of Royal Society, 1752-65; bequeathed historical and biographical manuscripts to the British Museum; published historical works and contributed toGeneral Dictionary, Historical and Critical (1734-41).

[100] Thomas Ledlie Birch (d. 1808), Irish presbyterian divine; minister of Saintfield, 1776; went to America after insurrection of 1798, with which he was connected; published religious works.

[101] William Birch (1765–1834), enamel painter and engraver: practised after 1794 in Philadelphia; received Society of Arts medal, 1785.

[102] John Birchensha (fl, 1664–1672), musician: lived in family of Earl of Kildare, and afterwards taught the viol in London: prepared notes for a work on the mathematical basis of music.

[103] Stephen Birchington (fl. 1382), historical writer; monk of Christ Church, Canterbury, 1382; treasurer and warden of manors of the monastery; wrote historical works.

[104] William Birchley (1613–1669). See John Austin.

[105] Simon Birckbek (1584–1656), divine; B.A. Queen's College, Oxford, 1604: B.D., 1616; vicar of Gilling, and of Forcet, near Richmond, Yorkshire, 1617; published religious works.

[106] Charles Smith Bird (1795–1862), divine: articled as conveyancing solicitor, Liverpool, 1812; scholar of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1818: fellow, 1 820: took pupils, among whom was Lord Macaulay; vicar of Gainsborough, and prebendary of Lincoln, 1843; chancellor of Lincoln Cathedral, 1859; F.L.S., 1828; published poems and theological works.

[107] Edward Bird (1772–1819), painter ; conducted a drawing school at Bristol; first exhibited at Royal Academy, 1809; awarded premium by British Institution for Death of Eli; R.A., 1816; court painter to Queen Charlotte.The Field of Chevy Chaceis considered his greatest work.

[108] Francis Bird (1667–1731), sculptor; studied at Brussels and Rome, and under Gibbons and Cibber, to whose practice he succeeded; employed in decorations of St. Paul's Cathedral: his best work is the statue of Dr. Busby in Westminster Abbey.

[109] Golding Bird (1814–1854), physician ; studied at Guy's Hospital, 1832; licensed, without examination, to practise as apothecary, 1836; M.D. St. Andrews, 1838; M.A., 1840; L.C.P., London, 1840; F.C.P., 1845: lecturer on natural philosophy at Guy's Hospital, 1836-53; physician to Finsbury dispensary; assistant physician to Guy's, 1843-53; lecturer on materia medica, College of Physicians, 1847: F.R.S., and member of Linuean and Geological societies: publishedElements of Natural Philosophy 1839, and medical works.

[110] James Bird (1788–1839), dramatist and poetical writer; apprenticed as miller but abandoned the trade for that of stationer, 1820; wrote two plays which were produced with some success, and some narrative poems.

[111] John Bird (d. 1558), bishop ; Carmelite friar ; B.D. Oxford, 1510; D.D., 1513; provincial of his order, 1516-19, and 1522-5; suffragan to bishop of Llandaff, with title of bishop of Penrith, 1537; accompanied Wotton on embassy to Germany, 1539; bishop of Bangor, 1539, and of Chester, 1541; deprived of his bishopric on account of his being married, 1564; suffragan to Bonner, bishop of London, 1554; left religious writings in manuscript.

[112] John Bird (1709–1776), mathematical instrument maker; employed by Sisson, in London, in making mathematical instruments, 1740; carried on business independently in Strand, 1745; acquired considerable fame by making instruments of improved accuracy for the astronomer Bradley; constructed brass mural quadrant for Greenwich Observatory, 1750, and for several continental observatories; published treatises describing his methods of working.

[113] Richard Bird (d. 1609), canon of Canterbury; B.D. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1669; fellow; M.A., 1572; D.D., 1608; archdeacon of Cleveland, 1589; canon of Canterbury, 1590.

[114] Robert Merttins Bird (1788–1853), Bengal civil servant; commissioner of revenue and circuit for Gorakhpur division, 1829; member of board of revenue, 1832; successfully conducted settlement of revenue of northwest provinces, 1833-41; returned to England, 1842.

[115] Samuel Bird (fl. 1600), divine; M.A. Queens' College, Cambridge, 1573; fellow, Corpus Christi College, 1573-6; minister of St. Peter's, Ipswich, c. 1580-1604; incorporated M.A. Oxford, 1605; published religious works.

[116] William Bird (1538?–1623).

[117] John Augustine Birdsall (1775–1837), Benedictine; joined Benedictines at Lamspringe, Hanover, 1795; priest, 1801; came to England on suppression of abbey, 1803; established catholic mission at Cheltenham, 1810, and at Broadway, Worcestershire, 1828; provincial of Canterbury, 1822: re-elected, 1826; president-general of Benedictines in England, and cathedral prior of Winchester, 1826; abbot of Westminster, 1830.

[118] Saint Birinus (d. 650), first bishop of Dorchester; Benedictine monk of Rome; landed in Wessex, 634: made many converts to Christianity; bishop of Dorchester, 635.

[119] George Birkbeck (1776–1841), founder of mechanics institutions; M.D. Edinburgh, 1799; professor of natural philosophy, Andersonian University, Glasgow, 1799; established, 1800, for working men at Glasgow, cheap courses of lectures on science, which developed into the Glasgow MechanicsInstitution 1823; practised as physician in London; founder and first president of Birkbeck MechanicsInstitution, London, 1824; founder and councillor of University College, London, 1827.

[120] Sir John Birkenhead or Berkenhead (1616-1679), author of Mercurius Aulicus M.A. Oriel College, Oxford, 1639: probationer-fellow, All Souls College, 1640; devised and mostly wrote Mercurius Aulicus the weekly journal of royalists at Oxford, 1642-5; in exile with Prince Charles, 1648; probably knighted at St. Germains, 1649: D.C.L., 1661; M.P. for Wilton; member of Royal Society: one of masters of requests; published satirical poems.

[121] John Birkenshaw (fl. 1664–1672). See Birkensha.

[122] George Birkhead or Birket (d. 1614), archpriest; educated at Douay and Rome; ordained, 1577; joined English mission, 1580; archpriest of England, 1608-14.

[123] Henry Birkhead (1617?–1696), Latin poet; scholar, Trinity College, Oxford, 1636; studied at St. Omer: B.A.: fellow of All Souls 1638-57; M.A., 1641; registrar of diocese of Norwich, 1660-81; published poems in Latin and left in manuscript an allegorical play; professorship of poetry at Oxford founded in 1708 from funds im.

[124] Ann Bishop (1814–1884), soprano singer; me Riviere; student of Royal Academy of Music, 1824-31; married Sir Henry Rowley Bishop, 1831; took prominent place at Vauxhall: eloped with Bochsa, the harp-player, 1339; travelled and sang in European towns, ; lH:59-4;. in England, 1846-7, America, 1847, and Aus 1 tralia, 1855; died at New York.

[125] George Bishop (1785–1861), astronomer; pro left by him.

[126] Thomas Rawson Birks (1810–1883), nonconformist divine: second wrangler and second Smith's prizeman, Trinity College, Cambridge, 1834; fellow; Ticar of Trinity Church, Cambridge, 1866-77; honorary canon of Ely, 1871; professor of moral philosophy, Cambridge, 1872. His works include The Bible and Modern Thought 1861, and Modern Utilitarianism 1874.

[127] John Birmingham (1816–1884), astronomer ; revised Schjellerup's Catalogue of Red Stars 1872; discovered a deep red star in Oygnus, which became known by his name, 1881: inspector under board of works.

[128] Alexander Birnie (1826–1862), poet and journalist; baptist minister at Preston: painter at Falkirk; joined staff of Falkirk Advertiser; started Falkirk Liberal which was unsuccessful: made his way on foot to Edinburgh and thence to Newcastle, and died of starvation at Morpeth.

[129] Sir Richard Birnie (1760?–1832), police magistrate; partner in an extensive saddler and harnessmaker's business in Haymarket, London; police magistrate at Union Hall and subsequently at Bow Street; knighted, 1821.

[130] William Birnie (1663–1619), Scottish divine; M.A. St. Leonard's College, St. Andrews, 1588; became shipmaster merchant; vicar of Lanark, 1597; master and economus of St. Leonard's hospital and almshouse, 1603; dean of Chapel Royal, 1612; constant moderator of presbytery, 1606; member of high commission court, 1610 and 1616.

[131] Bernstan (d. 933).

[132] Robert Birrel (fl. 1567–1606), diarist; burgess of Edinburgh; wrote a diary, 1532-1605, published in Fragments of Scottish History 1798.

[133] Nathaniel Bisby or Bisbee (1635–1695), divine; M.A. Christ Church, Oxfonl, 1660; D.D., 1668; rector of Long Melford, 1660; deprived as nonjuror, 1690; wrote against nonconformists.

[134] James Bischoff (1776-1845), author of works on the wool trade: connected with woollen trade in Leeds, and subsequently carried on business as merchant and insurance broker in London; publiahed works aiming at reform in laws relating to wool.

[135] John Biscoe (. 1679), puritan divine; B.A. New Inn Hall, Oxford, 1627; minister of St. Thomas's, Sonthwark; ejected, 1660; published religious works,

[136] Richard Biscoe (d. 1748), divine: dissenting minister of meeting-house in Old Jewry, 1716: conformed and became rector of St. Martin Outwich, London, 1727; chaplain to George II; Boyle lecturer, 17:16-3; published lectures, 1742. prietor of a wine-making business in London; admitted to Royal Astronomical Society, 1830; secretary, 1833-9; treasurer, 1840-57; president, 1867 and 1858; F.R.S., 1848; fellow of Society of Arts; on council of University College, London; erected, 1836, an observatory near his residence at SouthVilla, Regent's Park, where Rev. William Dawes and Jolm Russell Hind conducted many important 1 investigations.

[137] sir Henry Rowley Bishop (1786–1856), musical composer; his first opera, The Circassian Bride, produced at Drury Lane, 1809; composer and director at I Covent Garden, 1810; producedKnight of Snowdoun (founded on Scott's Lady of the Lake), 1811, which was followed, in rapid succession, by other pieces, including Midsummer Night's Dream 1816, Comedy of Errors 1819, Antiquary 1820, Twelfth Night 1820, Henry IV Part II 1821, Two Gentlemen of Verona 1821, and As you like it 1824; original member of Philharmonic Society, 1813; musical director of King's Theatre, Haymarket, 1816-17; sole manager, 1820, of theoratorios given during Lent; engaged, 1825, at Drury Lane, where he produced Aladdin as counter-attraction to Weber's Oberon at Oovent Garden, 1826; wrote music for Faustus in collaboration with Oooke and Horn, 1835, 'Hamlet 1830,KenilworthandWaverley 1832, and Love's Labour's Lost 1839, and Fortunate Isles to celebrate Queen Victoria's marriage, 1840: musical director at Vauxhall Gardens, 1830-3; Mus. Bac. Oxford, 1839; professor of harmony, Royal Academy of Music; Reid Professor at Edinburgh, 1841-3; conducted Antient Concerts, 1840-8; knighted, 1842: professor of music, Oxford, 1848; Mus. Doc., 1853. His fame rests almost entirely on his glees.

[138] John Bishop (1665–1737), musical composer; teacher of choristers at King's College, Cambridge, 1688: organist of Winchester College, 1695; lay-vicar, 1696, and organist and master of choristers, 1729, Winchester Cathedral; published psalm-tunes and anthems and left compositions in manuscript.

[139] John Bishop (1797–1873), surgeon : studied at St. George's Hospital; obtained diploma of Royal College of Surgeons, 1824; senior surgeon, Islington dispensary, and surgeon Northern and St. Paucras dispensaries; F.R.S., e. 1844; wrote surgical works.

[140] Samuel Bishop (1731–1795), poet: educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool and St. John's College, Oxford; fellow, 1753; M.A., 1768; head-master of Merchant Taylors School, 1783; rector of Ditton, Kent, and St. Martin Outwich, London; published essays and poems.

[141] William Bishop (1554–1624), catholic divine; educated at Oxford and at English college, Rheims: ordained priest, 1583: joined English mission; imprisoned in Marshalsea, 1583-4; studied at Paris; returned to English mission, 1591; D.D. Paris; sent to Rome to remonstrate against maladministration of George Blackwell, archpriest; confined in English college; imprisoned for refusing oath of allegiance to James I, 1611; on release went to Arras College, Paris; vicar-apostolic and bishop of Chalcedon, 1623; came to England, 1623; published theological works.

[142] George Bisley (d. 1591). See George Beesley.

[143] Baldred Bissait or Bisset (. 1303), divine; rector of Kinghorn; commissioner to pope in dispute between Boniface VIII, Edward I, and Scottish government. His Progressus contra flgrnenta regis Angliae contains earliest mention of Scottish coronation stone.

[144] Philip Bisse (1667–1721), bishop of Hereford; educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford: M.A., 1693: D.D., 1705: F.R.S., 1706: bishop of St. David's, 1710, and Hereford, 1713: published sermons.

[145] Thomas Bisse (d. 1731), divine; younger brother of Philip Bisse; M.A. Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1698; D.D., 1712: preacher at Rolls chapel, 1715; chancellor of Hereford, 1716; prebendary of Hereford, 1731; published religious works.

[146] Charles Bisset (1717–1791), physician and military engineer; studied medicine at Edinburgh; second nrgeon of military hospital, Jamaica, 174(1; served in Admiral Vernon's fleet; returned to England, 1745; euHign in 42nd Highlander?, 1746; prepared reports of protrri'ss of sifgL- of Bereen-Op-Zoom; engineer-extraordinary in engineer brigade: practised medicine at Skelton, Yorkshire; published works on fortification and on medical subjects.

[147] James Bisset (1762?–1832), artist, publisher, and vi T~t- writer; established museum and curiosity shop at Birmingham: coined medals and practised as miniature and fancy painter; opened museum, news-room, and picture-gallery at Leamington, 1812. His publications include Poetic Survey round Birmingham (1800) and volumes of verse.

[148] James Bisset (1795–1872), scholar; educated at Marischal College and University, Aberdeen; D.D., 1851; assumed control of private school kept by his father, and developed remarkable teaching ability, 1812; minister at Bourtrie, Aberdeenshire, 1826; moderator of general assembly of church of Scotland, 1862.

[149] Sir John Bisset (1777–1854), commissary-general; commissary-general in Spain, 1811; knight commander of Guelphic order, 1830; K.C.B., 1850; published a work on commissariat duties.

[150] Peter Bisset, Bissat or Bissart (d. 1568), professor of canon law; studied at St. Andrews, Paris, and Bologna; LL.D., and subsequently professor of canon law, Bologna; wrote two works in Latin.

[151] Robert Bisset (1769–1805), historian; LL.D.; master of an academy in Sloane Street, Chelsea. His works include a life of Burke (1798) and a History of George III (1804).

[152] William Bisset (d. 1747), divine; educated at Westminster and Trinity College, Cambridge; B.A., 1690: rector of Whiston, 1697; elder brother of St. Catherine's Collegiate Church, 1699; published, 1710, reply to Dr. Sacheverell's sermon of 6 Nov. 1709, occasioning pamphlet war to which he largely contributed; chaplain to Queen Caroline.

[153] William Bisset (1758–1834), Irish bishop; educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford; B.A., 1779; M.A., 1782; D.D.; rector of Dunbin, co. Louth, 1784; prebendary of Armagh, 1791-1807; archdeacon of Ross, 1804; chancellor of Armagh, 1817; bishop of Raphoe, 1822.

[154] Angel Bix (d. 1695), Franciscan friar; chaplain to Spanish ambassador in London in James II's reign; published sermons.

[155] Pietro Bizari (1530?–1586?) Italian historian and poet; adopted reformed faith and came to England; fellow, St. John's College, Cambridge, 1549; prebendary of Salisbury, 1567; published historical, poetical, and other works in Italian and Latin, and left manuscripts, which include a Universal History

[156] William Henry Blaauw (1793–1870), antiquary; educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1815; F.S.A., 1850; treasurer of Camden Society; published, 1844, history of barons war of Henry III's reign.

[157] Robert Blacader or Blackader (d. 1508), Scottish archbishop; prebendary of Glasgow and rector of Cardross: bishop of Aberdeen, 1480, and of Glasgow, before 1484; archbishop of Glasgow, 1492: frequently employed in public transactions with English: died in Holy Land on pilgrimage to Jerusalem.

[158] Adam Blacater (fl. 1319), born in Scotland; professor of philosophy successively in Poland and at Bologna and rector of a college in Paris University.

[159] Baron Blachford (1811–1889). See Frederic Rogers.

[160] Adam Black (1784–1874), politician and publisher; carried on bookselling business at Edinburgh, at first alone, and subsequently in partnership with his m-phi-w Charles; twice lord-provost of and, 1856-65, liberal.M.I for Edinburgh. His firm acquired copyrights of Encyclopaedia Britannica 1827, and Scott's novels, 1851.

[161] Alexander Black (1789–1864), Scottish theologian; studied medicine at Aberdeen; ordained minister of Tarves, 1818; professor of divinity, Marischal College, 1832-43; accompanied expedition to the East in conmvI tion with proposed formation of mission to Jews, 1839; joined Free church, 1843; D.D.

[162] James Black (1788?–1867), physician; L.C.S. Edinburgh, 1808; served in navy; practised successively at Manchester, 1839-48, Bolton, 1848-56, and Edinburgh: M.D. Glasgow, 1820; L.R.C.S.,1823; F.R.C.P., 1860: published medical works and papers on geological subjects.

[163] John Black (1783–1855), journalist ; employed as ; clerk at Dunse: in accountant's office at Edinburgh, i where he studied at the university; contributed toUniversal Magazine*; went to London, 1810; translator of i foreign correspondence and reporter toMorning Chronicle; became editor, 1817, and maintained the journal's j position as the most uncompromising of opposition papers till 1843, when a decline of energy in its management occasioned a request for his resignation; retired to Snodland. near Maidstone; published translations from Leo! pold von Buch, Schlegel, and others.

[164] Joseph Black (1728–1799), chemist; studied medicine at Glasgow and at Edinburgh, where he gra! dnated M.D. with an important thesis, De humore acido ! a cibis orto, et Magnesia alba which laid the foundations of quantitative analysis and pneumatic chemistry, 1754; professor of medicine, Glasgow, 1756-66; practised as physician; made investigations into the question of latent heat which formed the basis of modern thermal science, and gave the first impulse to Watt's improvements in the steam engine, 1756-62; experimented with object of testing validity of thermometrical indications, and originated theory ofspecific heat 1760; professor of medicine and chemistry, Edinburgh, 1766-97. He was first physician to George III for Scotland and a member of Royal Society, Edinburgh, and Royal College of Physicians,

[165] Patrick Black (1813–1879), physician; educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford: M.D., 1836; physician to St. Bartholomew's Hospital. 1860; lecturer on medicine; F.C.P.; published medical treatises.

[166] Robert Black (1752–1817), Irish presbyterian divine; educated at Glasgow; ordained minister of Dromore, 1777; captain of Irish volunteers, 1782: jointminister at Derry, 1784; synod agent for refjium tlonum, 1788-1817; D.D.; strongly advocated catholic emancipation and parliamentary reform, and was the friend and correspondent of Castlereagh: committed suicide from disappointment at lack of success of his opposition to establishment of Belfast Academical Institution (opened 1814).

[167] William Black (1749–1829), physician: M.D. Leydeu, 1772; L.C.P., 1787; practised in London: one of the first Englishmen who published (1783) statistics of diseases and mortality.

[168] William Black (1841–1898), novelist: studied art at Glasgow: became contributor to Glasgow Citizen: came to London, 1864, and was connected, 1865, with Morning Star for which paper he was war correspondent during Franco-Prussian war, 1866: subsequently sub-editor ofDaily News His novels includeA Daughter of Heth 1871, The Strange Adventures of a Phaeton 1872, and A Princess of Thule 1874.

[169] William Henry Black (1808–1872), antiquary ; assistant keeper in Public Record Office. He was a prolific writer on antiquarian subjects.

[170] Adam Blackadder (fl. 1674–1696), covenanter, son of John Blackadder the elder: apprenticed as merchant at Stirling: repeatedly imprisoned for Calvinistic principles; retired to Sweden, and subsequently settled in Edinburgh; wrote narrative of his father's sufferings.

[171] John Blackadder , the elder (1615–1686), Scottish divine; M.A. Glasgow, 1650; called to parish of Troqueer, 1652; ordained, 1653: ejected by episcopal party and imprisoned at Edinburgh, 1662; preached in conventicles and was outlawed, 1674; fled to Rotterdam, 1678: returned to Edinburgh, 1679; arrested, 1681, and imprisoned on Bass Rock, where he died.

[172] John Blackadder , the younger (1664–1729), lieutenant-colonel; son of John Blackadder (1615-1686) ; educated at Edinburgh; served in Cameronian regiment against highlanders at Dunkeld, under Prince of Orange in Flanders, and in Marlborough's campaigns; promoted to command of regiment, 1709; sold commission; fought at Stirling, 1715; deputy governor of Stirling f:i-tle, 1717.

[173] William Blackadder (1647–1704), physician ; brother of John Blackadder (1664-1729); educated at Edinburgh; M.D. Leyden, 1680; accompanied Earl of Argyle in expedition to Scotland, 1685: apprehended and imprisoned; on liberation retired to Holland; conducted secret negotiations for Prince of Orange in Edinburgh, 1688; physician to William III.

[174] Cuthbert Blackader (d. 1485), Scottish border chieftain; fought for Lancastrians in Wars of the Roses; killed at Bosworth.

[175] Robert Blackader (d. 1508).

[176] John Blackall (1771–1860), physician; M.A. Balliol College, Oxford, 1796; M.D., 1801; studied at St. Bartholomew's Hospital: physician to Devon and Exeter Hospital, 1797; resigned, 1801: reappointed, 1807; physician to St. Thomas's lunatic asylum, 1812; published Observations on Nature and Cure of Dropsies 1813: F.C.P.,1815.

[177] Offspring Blackall or Blackhall (1654-1716), bishop of Exeter; educated at St. Catharine Hall, Cambridge; rector of St. Mary, Aldermary, London, 1694; chaplain to William III; Boyle lecturer, 1700; bishop of Exeter, 1708; renowned as a preacher; published sermons and controversial pamphlets.

[178] Samuel Blackall (d. 1792), divine; grandson of Offspring Blackall; M.A. Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1763: B.D., 1770; fellow and tutor: rector of Loughborough, 1786-92; published sermons and controversial pamphlets.

[179] John Blackbourne (1683–1741), nonjuror; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1705; consecrated by King James III bishop of nonjurors, 1726; member of the section of nonjurors known as nonusagers. His publications include an edition of Bacon's works (1730).

[180] Colin Blackburn, Baron Blackburn (1813-1896), judge; educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1838; honorary LL.D. Edinburgh, 1870; called to bar at Inner Temple, 1838; honorary bencher, 1877; joined northern circuit; appointed justice of queen's bench, and invested with cob*, 1859; knighted, 1860; justice of high court, 1875: raised to peerage, 1876; privy councillor, 1876; retired, 1886: served on several royal commissions; published legal writings.

[181] William Blackburn (1750–1790), surveyor and architect; studied at Royal Academy: obtained highest premium in competition for penitentiary houses, 1782, and subsequently executed designs for prisons and other structures throughout the country.

[182] Anna Blackburne (d. 1794), botanist; friend and correspondent of Linnaeus.

[183] Francis Blackburne (1706–1787), divine; educated at St. Catharine Hall, Cambridge; rector of Richmond, Yorkshire, 1739-87: prebendary of York; published The Confessional 1766, controversial works, and memoirs of Thomas Hollis

[184] Francis Blackburne (1782–1867), Irish lawyer: educated at Trinity College, Dublin; studied at King's Inn, Dublin, and Lincoln's Inn, London; called to bar, 1805; joined home circuit; administered Insurrection Act on its renewal, 1822, in Limerick: Serjeant, 1826: attorney-general for Ireland, 1830-4 and 1841; master of rolls in Ireland. 1H42: chtef-iustice of queen's bench, 1846; lord chancellor of Ireland, 1862, and resigned the same year; commissioner of national education, 1852; lord justice of appeal in Ireland. 1856; reappointed lord chancellor, but resigned, 1866; vice-chancellor of Dublin University.

[185] John Blackburne (1690–1786), botanist: maintained extensive garden at Orford.

[186] Lancelot Blackburne (1668–1743), archbishop of York; educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford; ordained, 1681; M.A M 1683; prebendary of Exeter, 1691, and sub-dean, 1695; rector of Calstock, Cornwall, 1696: resigned sub-deanery, 1702; reinstated, 1704; dean of Exeter, 1705; bishop of Exeter, 1717-24; archbishop of York, 1724-43.

[187] Richard Blackburne (6. 1652), physician ; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1669; M.D. Leyden, 1676; F.R.O.P., 1687: censor, College of Physicians, 1688; probably wroteTbomse Hobbes Angli Malmesburiensis Philosophi Vita sometimes attributed to Hobbes himself, and certainly wrote a supplement to it.

[188] Sir William Blackburne (1764–1839), majorgeneral; infantry cadet in Madras army, 1782; Mahratta interpreter at Tanjore, 1787; captain, 1801; resident at Tanjore, 1801-23; major-general; knighted, 1838.

[189] George Blacker (1791–1871), antiquary; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1868: vicar of Maynooth, 1840; prebendary in St. Patrick's Cathedral; published (privately) antiquarian works.

[190] Valentine Blacker (1778?–1823), lieutenantcolonel: obtained commission in Madras cavalry, 1798; cornet, 1799; aide-de-camp to Colonel Stevenson in Wainad, 1800; quartermaster-general, 1810; served in Deccan, 1817; lieutenant-colonel; surveyor-general of India: C.B., 1818; published history of Mahratta war.

[191] Richard Blackerby (1574–1648), puritan; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge; minister at Feltwell, Norfolk; taught classics and theology to private pupils at Ashdon, Essex; minister at Great Thurlow.

[192] Joseph Blacket (1786–1810), poet; apprenticed to his brother, a shoemaker, in London, 1797; suffered much from poverty, but gained patrons and achieved some reputation as a poet. A volume of his poetry was published in 1809, and his Remains containing poems and dramatic sketches, in 1811.

[193] Gilbert Blackball (. 1667), Scottish catholic; entered Scots College, Rome, 1626; ordained; returned to Scotland, 1630; fled from Jesuit opposition to Paris: missionary in Scotland, 1637-43; wrote autobiography in Paris, c. 1666.

[194] Offspring Blackball (1664–1716). See Blackall.

[195] John Stuart Blackie (1809–1895), Scottish professor and man of letters; educated at Marischal Col i lege, Aberdeen, Edinburgh University, Gottingen, and Berlin; studied for Scottish bar; advocate, 1834; ap pointed first regius professor of humanity (Latin) at Marischal College, Aberdeen, 1839, and installed, 1841; j instituted Hellenic Society Aberdeen, 1850; professor of Greek at Edinburgh, 1862-82; founded and endowed Celtic chair at Edinburgh, 1882. His publications include Faust... translated into English Verse 1834; Lyrical Dramas of. Ksrliylus... translated into English Verse 1850, Lays and Legends of Ancient Greece 1857, and many other works in verse and prose.

[196] Thomas Blacklock (1721–1791), poet; born of humble parents; lost his sight when six mouths old; began to write poetry when twelve years old, and was noticed by Dr. Stevenson, a physician of Edinburgh, where he studied at the university; made the acquaintance of David Hume, who exerted himself in his behalf; minister at Kirkcudbright, e. 1762-4; took private pupils in Edinburgh; D.D. Marischal College, Aberdeen, 1767; published poems, religious works, and translations.

[197] William James Blacklock (1815?–1858), landscape painter; apprenticed as bookseller at Carlisle; adopted art as profession, and exhibited at Royal Academy and other exhibitions, 1836-56.

[198] Thomas Blackloe (1593–1676). See Thomas White (scholar).

[199] John Blackman (fl. 1436–1448). See Blakman.

[200] Chewning Blackmore (1663–1737), minister: son of William Uluckmore; minister at Worcester, 1688-1737.

[201] Sir Richard Blackmore (d. 1729), physician and writer: educated at Westminster and St. Edmund Hull, Oxford: M.A., 1676; M.D. Padua; F.R.C.P., 1687; crnsor, College of Physicians, 1716; elect, 1716-22; physician in ordinary to William III, and knighted, 1697; physiriau to Queen Anne. He produced religious and mulinil treaties and some indifferent poems, including ( n -at ion 1712, which was warmly praised by Dr. Johnson.

[202] Richard Doddridge Blackmore (1825–1900), novelist and barrister: educated at Blundell's school, Tivfrtou, and Exeter College, Oxford; M.A., 1852; engaged as private tutor; called to bar at Middle Temple, 1H52; practised as conveyancer; classical master at Wellesley House school, Twickenham Common, 1853; publishedPoems by Melanter 1853, and, later,Epullia and other volumes of verse, including The Farm and Fruit of Old 1862; established himself, c. 1858, at Gomer House, Teddiugton, where he remained till death; producedOlura Vaughan 1864, Cradock Nowell 1866, Lorua Doone 1869, and twelve other novels.

[203] Thomas Blackmore (1740?-1780?), mezzotint engraver; practised in London, 1769-71. His works include plates after pictures by Reynolds and Vandyck.

[204] William Blackmore (d. 1684), nonconformist divine; M.A. Lincoln College, Oxford; rector of Pentloe, Essex, 1645; presbyter, 1647: rector of St. Peter's, Cornhill, 1666; arrested on charge of complicity in Christopher Love's plot, but released, 1651; seceded with nonconformists, 1662.

[205] John Blackner (1770–1816), historian of Nottingham; apprenticed as stocking-maker in Nottingham; edited successively theStatesman(a London radical daily paper), 1812, and Nottingham Review; published History of Nottingham (1815).

[206] Alexander Blackrie (d. 1772), apothecary; published work exposing secret of Dr. Chittick's cure for gravel, 1766.

[207] John Blackstone (d. 1753), botanist : apothecary in London: published botanical works.

[208] Blackstone or Blaxton (d. 1675), one of the earliest episcopal clergymen in Massachusetts; lived successively on peninsula of Shawmut (where Boston now stands), in colony of Roger Williams, 1631, and at Blaxton river, near Providence.

[209] Sir William Blackstone (1723–1780), judge ; educated at Charterhouse School and Pembroke College, Oxford; entered Middle Temple, 1741; fellow of All Souls 1744; B.C.L., 1745; called to bar; recorder of Wallingford; first professor of English law, Oxford, 1758-66; publishedConsiderations on Copyholders 1758. and his edition of the Great Charter, 1759; M.P. for Hindoo, Wiltshire, and principal of New Inn Hall, 1761-6; solicitor-general to the queen, 1763; published lectures as Commentaries on the Laws of England 4 vols., 1765-9, which met with a considerable amount of more or less hostile criticism, but still remains the best general history of English law; M.P. for Westbury, Wiltshire, 1768; gave it as his opinion that Wilkes was disqualified from sitting in parliament, and was answered by Grenville's quoting from the Commentaries the causes of disqualification, none of which applied to Wilkes: retired from parliament; appointed justice of common pleas, 1770, but exchanged into court of king's bench; returned to common pleas in same year. The Commentaries have passed through numerous editions, and have been translated into French, German, Italian, and Russian.

[210] Anthony Blackwall (1674–1730), classical scholar: M.A. Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1698; headmaster of Derby school and lecturer of All Saints, Derby; headmaster of Market Bosworth grammar school, 1722-6 and 1729-30, where Dr. Johnson was perhaps his assistant for a few months r rector of Clapham, 1726-9. His most important work is the Sacred Classics Defended 1725.

[211] John Blackwall (1790–1881), zoologist; engaged in importation of Irish linen at Manchester; retired to Llanrwst, North Wales, 1833: contributed to scientific publications; published History of Spiders of Great Britain and Ireland 1861-4.

[212] Alexander Blackwell (d. 1747), adventurer ; probably brother of Dr. Thomas Blackwell; practised as printer in London, 1730: became bankrupt; studied medicine and agriculture; inspector of Duke of Chandos's improvements at Cannons; physician in ordinary to king of Sweden: suspected of quackery; arrested for his connection with a political intrigue, the true nature and object of which remain a mystery; condemned without public trial and executed; published works on agriculture.

[213] Elizabeth Blackwell (fl. 1737), botanical delineator; wife of Alexander Blackwell; relieved her husband when in embarrassed circumstances by publishingA Curious Herbal 1737, containing illustrations of medicinal plants, which she executed, engraved, and coloured.

[214] George Blackwell (1545?–1613), archpriest; B.A. Trinity College, Oxford, 1562; perpetual fellow, 1566; M.A., 1567; left fellowship and retired to Gloucester Hall: entered English College at Douay, 1574; ordained priest, 1575; B.D., 1575; joined English mission, 1576; imprisoned 1578, and, after release, lived in continual fear of arrest; appointed archpriest over secular clergy, 1598; incurred great unpopularity by his stern fulfilment of his duties; deprived of office, 1608, for subscribing to an oath which was imposed on catholics in 1606, to test their civil allegiance, and which was twice condemned by the pope; published theological works.

[215] John Blackwell (1797–1840), Welsh poet; shoemaker at Mold, Flintshire; educated by friendsliberality: B.A. Jesus College, Oxford, 1828: presented to living of Manor Deivy, Pembrokeshire; edited a Welsh illustrated magazine, Y Cylchgrawn. His poems and essays were published in 1851.

[216] Thomas Blackwell , the elder (1660?–1728), Scottish divine; presbyterian minister at Paisley, Renfrewshire, 1694, and Aberdeen, 1700; professor of divinity, Marischal College, 1710-28, principal, 1717-28; published theological writings.

[217] Thomas Blackwell, the younger (1701–1757), classical scholar; son of Thomas Blackwell (1660?-1728); studied at Marischal College, Aberdeen; M.A., 1718; professor of Greek, 1723-57; principal, 1748-57; LL.D., 1752. His works include An Enquiry into Life and Writings of Homer 1735, andMemoirs of the Court of Augustus 1753-5, a third and incomplete volume being published posthumously, 1764.

[218] Adam Blackwood (1539–1613), Scottish writer; educated at university of Paris; studied civil law at Toulouse: taught philosophy at Paris; published De Vinculo 1575, and another work condemning heretics as rebels against divinely constituted authority: counsellor or judge of parliament of Poictiers; entered into controversy with George Buchanan; published, in French, account of sufferings of Mary Queen of Scots, 1587.

[219] George Frederick Blackwood (1838–1880), major; educated at Edinburgh Academy and at Addiscombe: second lieutenant, Bengal infantry, 1857; captain, 1867; commanded artillery in Looshai expedition, 1872; major, 1875; served in second Afghan campaign; killed at Maiwand.

[220] Helen Selina Blackwood (1807–1867). See Sheridan.

[221] Henry Blackwood (rf. 1614), physician : M.D. Paris; M.C.P. Paris, and subsequently dean of the faculty; left philosophical and medical manuscripts.

[222] Sir Henry Blackwood (1770–1832), vice-admiral; entered navy as volunteer, 1781; lieutenant, 1790; studied in Paris, 1792; captain, 1795; attached to North Sea fleet, 1796-8; on Newfoundland station, 1798-9; in Channel, 1799: rendered distinguished service at blockade of Malta, 1800; commanded inshore squadron at Trafalgar, 1805; took part in ceremonies at Nelson's funeral; commanded inshore squadron at blockade of Toulon, 1810; baronet and rear-admiral, 1814; K.C.B., 1819; commander-iii-chief in East Indies, 1819-22; vice-admiral, 1821; commauder-iu-chief at Nore, 1827-30.

[223] John Blackwood (1818–1879), publisher; son of William Blackwood; educated at Edinburgh University; entered London publishing firm, 1839; superintendent of London branch of Blackwood's Edinburgh firm, 1840-5; editor of Blackwood's Magazine on death of eldest brother, 1845; became, by death of another brother, head of publishing business, 1852; published nearly all George Eliot's works.

[224] William Blackwood (1776–1834), publisher; apprenticed as bookseller at Edinburgh; manager of publishing business, Glasgow; employed by bookseller in London: began business independently in Edinburgh, 1804; principal founder of Edinburgh Encyclopaedia 1810; combined, as Edinburgh agent, with John Murray, in publication of Scott'sTales of my Landlord established, 1817,Edinburgh Monthly Magazine which became Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine His publications include Edinburgh Encyclopaedia 1810 (completed 1830), and New Statistical Account of Scotland

[225] Martin Bladen (1680–1746), soldier and politi- i theology, New College, Edinburgh, 1868-97 ; Cunningham cian; educated at Westminster; served in Low Countries lecturer, 1888; moderator to general assembly, 1892; r; Ulaldoii, and Spam; aide-de-camp to Henri de Ruvigny lieutenant-colonel; M.P. for Stockbridge, 1715-34,, Essex, 1734-41, and Portsmouth, 1741-6; comptroller of the mint, 1714; commissioner of trade and plantations, 1717-46; a steady supporter of Sir Robert Walpole.

[226] William Blades (1824–1890), printer and bibliographer; apprenticed to his father's printing firm of Blades & East, London, 1840, and subsequently became partner; wrote Life of Caxton (2 volumes, 1861-3), for which he carefully collated many works from Caxton's press: liveryman of ScrivenersCompany; published works chiefly relating to early history of printing, and edited facsimiles and other reprints.

[227] Sir Charles Blagden (1748–1820), physician; M.D. Edinburgh, 1768; medical officer in army till 1814; F.R.S., 1772, and secretary, 1784; contributed to Philosophical Transactions

[228] Francis William Blagdon (1778–1819), journalist and author; engaged successively as newspaper seller, amanuensis, and probably teacher of Spanish and Italian; undertook various literary works, including series of Modern Discoveries 1802-3, and Flowers of Literature.

[229] Robert Blagge or Blage (d. 1522?), judge; appointed for life king's remembrancer in exchequer, 1502; f third baron of exchequer, 1611; repeatedly justice of the peace for Kent and Middlesex; joint-surveyor of crown hinds, 1515; one of general purveyors of king's revenue, 1515; successively commissioner of sewers in several counties, 1615-17.

[230] Daniel Blagrave (1603–1668), regicide; nephew of John Blagrave; educated for the bar; M.P. for Reading, 1640; recorder of Reading, 1645-56 and 1658; signed Charles I's death warrant; sat in Convention parliament, 1668; settled at Aachen, 1660, and there died.

[231] John Blagrave (d. 1611), mathematician; educated at St. John's College, Oxford published works describing instruments of his own invention, and other mathematical treatises. lord-provost, 1784. Burns wrote an elegy on his death.

[232] Joseph Blagrave (1610-1682), astrologer; lived at Swallowfield, near Reading. His works include: Ephemerides, with Rules for Husbandry 1668, 1659, 1660, and 1665; Astrological Practice of Physick 1671, and 'Introduction to Astrology' published posthumously, 1682.

[233] Thomas Blagrave (rf. 1688), musician; gentleman of the chapel, 1661; clerk of the cheque, 1662; member of Charles II's private band; author of some songs published in contemporary collections.

[234] Henry Gamble Blagrove (1811–1872), musician; studied with Spaguoletti, 1821, and at Royal Academy of Music under Dr. Crotch and F. Cramer; solo- violinist in royal private band, 1830-7; studied with Spohr at Cassel, 1832-4; played with success on continent; connected with state band, 1837-72; published violin exercises and studies.

[235] Thomas Blague or Blage (d. 1611), divine; B.A. Queens College, Cambridge; non-resident rector of Braxted Magna, Essex, 1570; held livings of St. Vedast, Foster Lane, London, 1571, and Ewelme, Oxfordshire, 1580-96; D.D. Oxford; dean of Rochester, 1591; nonresident rector of Bangor, 1604; author of A Schoole of wise Conceytes 1572.

[236] William Garden Blaikie (1820–1899), Scottish divine; educated at Marischal College, Aberdeen, and Edinburgh; licensed by Aberdeen presbytery, 1841; minister of Drumblade, 1842; joined free church of Scotland, 1843; minister of Pilrig, 1844-68; editedFree Church Magazine 1849-53, North British Review, 1860-1863, Sunday Magazine 1873-4, andCatholic Presbyterian 1879-83; professor of apologetics and pastoral honorary D.D. Edinburgh, 1864, and LL.D. Aberdeen, 1872; published religious, biographical, and other works.

[237] Hugh Blair (1718–1800), divine ; M.A. Edinburgh, 1739; licensed preacher, 1741; ordained minister of Colessie, Fife, 1742; minister to Lady Tester's church, Edinburgh, 1754, und to High church, 1758-1800; professor of rhetoric, 1760; regius professor of rhetoric and belles-lettres, 1762. PublishedCritical Dissertation on Poems of Ossian 1763, and Sermons, 5 vols. 1777-1801. He belonged to the distinguished literary circle that included Hume, A. Carlyle, Adam Ferguson, Adam Smith, and Robertson.

[238] James Blair (1656–1743), Scottish episcopalian divine; held a benefice in revived episcopal church in Scotland till c. 1679; sent as missionary to Virginia, 1685; commissary under Sir Francis Nicholson when lieutenant-governor, 1689; obtained charter, 1692, for a college in Virginia, of which he became president, 1729; president of council of Virginia; published commentary on Sermon on the Mount.

[239] Sir James Hunter Blair (1741–1787), lord-pro__ vost of Edinburgh; one of head partners in Ooutts's bank (with Rev. F. Prevost), 1803-9: assistant editor of Morn- ing bo ": ! Sfl $Sft:."2?!5 l 7 *?,**, ?? fe 8 ing Post c. 1806: came into conflict with William Cob- of Bla. ir J 7, 77; M R for Edinburgh, 1781 and 1784. bett, 1809. His works include Authentic Memoirs of George Morlaud 1806, andLetters of Princess of Wales 1813.

[240] John Blair (fl. 1300), chaplain to Sir William Wallace; educated at Dundee and university of Paris; joined Benedictines at Dunfermliue; chaplain to Sir William Wallace when governor of Scotland; wrote life of Wallace.

[241] John Blair (d. 1782), chronologist; educated at Edinburgh; schoolmaster near London; published Chronology of World from Creation to 1753 1754; F.R.S., 1756; chaplain to Princess-dowager of Wales; prebendary of Westminster, 1761; rector of St. * Westminster, 1776. John the Evangelist,

[242] Patrick Blair, M.D. (d. 1728), physician; practised as doctor successively at Dundee, London, and Boston, Lincolnshire; published medical and botanical works.

[243] Robert Blair (1593–1666), divine; M.A. Glasgow; professor at Glasgow University, c. 1616-22 licensed presbyterian preacher, 1616; minister of Bangor, Ireland, , 1623; suspended, 1631, and deposed for nonconformity, 1632; restored, again ejected and excommunicated, 1634; minister at Burutisland, 1638, and at St. Andrews, 1639; moderator of general assembly, 1646: chaplain in ordinary to king; joined party of resolutioners 1650; resigned as covenanter, 1661, and continued to preach at hazard of his life; left political and theological manuscripts.

[244] Robert Blair (1699–1746), poetical writer; educated at Edinburgh and in Holland; ordained ministerof Athelstaneford, East Lothian, 1731; published, 1743, the 'Grave', a poem in blank verse, which enjoyed instant success. Blair forms, as a poet, a connecting link between Otway and Crabbe.

[245] Robert Blair , of Avontoun (1741–1811), judge; son of Robert Blair (1699-1746); educated at Edinburgh: advocate depute and solicitor-geeneral for Scotland, 17891806; dean of Faculty of Advocates, 1801; president of College of Justice, 1808.

[246] Robert Blair (cl. 1828), inventor of the 'aplanatic' telescope; appointed to chair of practical astronomy em-ted for his benefit, Edinburgh, 17H5; invented fluid lenses of media, consisting of metallic solutions, with t of removing the secondary spectrum; fellow of Royal Society of Edinburgh (1786), in whose Transactions appeared, 1794, an abridgment of his Experiments on Refrangibility of Light.

[247] William Blair (1741–1782), captain, royal navy ; commander, 1777; captain, 1778; fought at Doggerbank, 1781; killed in battle off Dominica.

[248] William Blair (1766–1822), surgeon; surgeon to Lock Hospital, the Asylum, Fiusbury and Bloomsbury dispensaries, female penitentiary, Peutonville, and New Rupture Society; M.R.C.S.; editedLondon Medical Review ami Magazine; published works on surgical and miscellaneous subjects, including stenography and cipher writing.

[249] John Blak or Black (rf. 1563), Dominican friar of Aberdeen; stoned to death by protestants; wrote religious treatises.

[250] Charles Blake (1664–1730), divine and poet; educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool and St. John's College, Oxford; M.A., 1688: D.D., 1696; successively prebendary of Chester and (1716) of York; archdeacon of York, 1720; published Latin verses.

[251] Sir Francis Blake (1708–1780), mathematician ; assisted government in Durham during rebellion, 1745; baronet, 1774; F.R.S., 1746.

[252] Sir Francis Blake (1738?–1818), political writer ; son of Sir Francis Blake (1708-1780); educated at Westminster and Trinity Hall, Cambridge; LL.B., 1763; published political tracts.

[253] James Blake (1649–1728), Jesuit, known as James Cross; professed father of Society of Jesus, 1675 ; provincial in England, 1701.

[254] John Bradby Blake (1745–1773), naturalist; supercargo in East India Company, Canton; collected Chinese plants and seeds, which were successfully propagated in Great Britain and the colonies.

[255] Malachi Blake (1687–1760), dissenting minister; presbyterian minister of Blandford; published, 1735, account of fire at Blandford (1731).

[256] Robert Blake (1599–1657), admiral and general at sea; entered St. Alban Hall, Oxford, 1615; removed to Wadham College; graduated; engaged in business of merchant; M.P. for Bridgwater, 1640 and 1645; took part in defence of Bristol against royalists, 1643; lieutenant-colonel of Popham's regiment; held Lyme against royalists, 1643-4: took, and held, Taunton, 1644-5; governor of Taunton, 1645; appointed admiral and general at sea, 1649; unsuccessfully blockaded Prince Rupert at Kinsale, 1649, and pursued him to Portugal, 1660; blockaded mouth of Tagus, 1650, and subsequently followed Rupert to Mediterranean and destroyed many of his ships; commanded squadron in Irish Sea, and reduced Scilly Islands, which were held by royalist privateers, 1G51; assisted in reduction of Jersey, 1661; member of council of state, 1651-2; with Rear-admiral Bourne, defeated Dutch under Tromp in Downs. 1652; defeated De Witt and De Ruyter off mouth of Thames, and, later, was defeated by Tromp off Dungeness, 1652; in company with Deane, Monck, and Penii, fought indecisive battle with Tromp off Portsmouth, 1653, the advantage being slightly with the English; took part in battle of 3 June, 1 653; engaged in admiralty business at London, and executive duties at Portsmouth; destroyed Turkish pirate fleet at Porto Farina, 1655; destroyed Spanish West Indian fleet at Santa Cru,, 1657; died of fever while returning to England. His body was buried in Westminster Abbey, but removed after Restoration.

[257] Thomas Blake (1597?–1657), puritan; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford; took holy orders; joined covenanters, 1648; pastor successively at Shrewsbury and Tamworth; assistant to Cromwell's commissioners for ejecting ministers; published works on puritan theology.

[258] William Blake (1773–1821), dissenting minister ; educated at Northampton under Horsey; presbyterian minister at Crewkerue, 1798-1821; published religious works.

[259] William Blake (1757–1827), poet and painter; apprenticed to James Basire, engraver to Society of Antiquaries, 1771-8; executed plates for Gough's Sepulchral Monuments; student at Royal Academy, 1778; engraved plates for Harrison's Novelists Magazine; kept, in partnership, priutseller's shop in Broad Street, 1784-7; engraved and published Songs of Innocence 1789, and 'Songs of Experience 1794; employed by Johnson, the bookseller, on engravings for Mary Wollstonecraft's works, 1791; illustrated Young'sNight Thoughts (Edwards's edition), 1793-1800; made designs for Blair's 'Grave which were subsequently engraved by Schiavo; netti; executed series ofSpiritual Portraits c. 1818: executed and engraved Inventions to Book of Job his finest work, from 1820, and produced designs for Divina Commedia of which only seven were published, 1827; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1780-1808, hisProphetic Books(1793-1804), and most of his other works, engraved and coloured by hand. His favourite tenet, which he translated into art, was that all things exist in the human imagination alone

[260] William Blakeley (1830–1897), actor; accompanied Sotherii on tour; appeared first in London at Prince of Wales's Theatre, 1867; at Olympic, 1871; with Sothern in America, 1880; at Criterion, with which his name is chiefly associated, 1881. Among his best parts I was Hardcastle in She stoops to conquer

[261] Fletcher Blakely (1783–1862), Irish remonj straiit minister; graduated at Glasgow; presbyterian j minister of Moneyrea, co. Down, 1809-57; adopted uni! tariau principles; joined remonstrant secession from j synod of Ulster, 1829; joint-editor of Bible Christian 1830-3; published tracts and sermons.

[262] Johnston Blakely (1781–1814), commander in United States navy: born in Dublin; entered United ! States navy, 1800; lieutenant, 1812; commanded sloop in I Channel, and captured English brig, 1814; lost in the Atlantic.

[263] Sir Edward Blakeney (1778–1868), field-marshal; commanded 7th foot in Peninsular campaign, 1811I 1814; in Belgium and at Paris, 1815; colonel, 7th foot, ! 1832-54; cominander-m-chief in Ireland, 1838-55; colonel of 1st foot, 1854-68; governor of Chelsea Hospital, 1856; general, 1854; field-marshal, 1862.

[264] Richard Paul Blakeney (1820–1884), divine ; B.A. Dublin, 1842; LL.D.; rural dean of Bridliugtou, ! 1876; canon of York, 1882; D.D. Edinburgh, 1868; pubj lished controversial works.

[265] William Blakeney, Baron Blakeney (1672–1761), defender of Minorca; volunteered with army in Flanders; ensign, 1702; adjutant in Marlborough's campaigns; colonel, 1737; brigadier-general in expedition to Cartagena, 1741; major-general, and lieutenant-governor of Stirling Castle, 1744; defended Stirling against highlanders, 1746; lieutenant-general and lieutenant-governor of Minorca, 1747; gallantly defended Minorca against French, but, from want of reinforcements, was compelled to surrender. 1756; made K.B., colonel of Eimiskillen regiment, and a peer of Ireland.

[266] Joseph Williams Blakesley (1808–1885), dean of Lincoln; educated at St. Paul's School and Corpus Christi and Trinity College, Cambridge, when he became a friend of Tennyson; M.A., 1834: B.D., 1849; fellow of Trinity, 1831; tutor, 1839-45; vicar of Ware, 1845-72; canon of Canterbury, 1863; proctor in convocation for his chapter; dean of Lincoln, 1872; wrote extensively for the Times. His chief work was an edition of Herodotus, 1852-4.

[267] John Brickdale Blakeway (1765–1826), topographer; educated at Westminster and Oriel College, Oxford; M.A., 1795; called to bar at Lincoln's Inn, 1789; joined Oxford circuit: ordained, 1793: minister, 1794, and, subsequently, official of Royal Peculiar of St. Mary's, Shrewsbury; published history of Shrewsbury, l.s'25.

[268] Nicholas Blaket (fl. 1753), Irish engraver; lived chiefly in Paris: associated with Fruucis Hayman, R.A., in producing st of English historical prints.

[269] Robert Blakey (1795–1878), miscellaneous writer; of humble parentage; received private tuition; contributed to Newcastle Magazine and other periodicals; published philosophical works, 1831 and 1833; produced, 1838, Newcastle Liberator and, 1840, Northern Liberator and Champion newspapers; studied philosophy in France and Belgium; published History of Philosophy of Mind 1848; professor of logic and metaphysics, Queen's College, Belfast, 1848. His works include books on angling.

[270] John Blakiston (1603–1649), regicide; mercer in Newcastle; excommunicated for puritanical principles; M.P. for Newcastle, 1641; one of Charles I's judges, signing his death-warrant.

[271] John Blakiston (1785–1867), major; served at Assaye, at capture of Bourbon, Mauritius, and Java, and in Peninsular war; published reminiscences.

[272] Thomas Wright Blakiston (1832–1891), explorer and ornithologist; son of preceding; educated at Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; commissioned in royal artillery, 1861; served in Crimea; member of scientific expedition under John Palliser for exploration of British North America between Canada and Rocky Mountains, 1857: served in Chinese war, 1859, and organised exploration of middle and upper course of Yangtsze-Kiang, 1861: resigned commission, 1862; settled as merchant in Hakodate, Japan, and engaged in ornithological and other investigations, on which he published various writings; died at San Diego, California; published Five Months on the Yang-tsze 1862.

[273] John Blakman, Blakeman or Blackman (I. 1436-1448), biographer; fellow of Merton College, Oxford, 1436, and, later, was fellow of Eton; said to have been B.D. and monk of Charterhouse; wrote, in Latin, a memoir of Henry VI, published, 1732, by Thomas Hearne

[274] Susanna Blamire (1747–1794), poetess; the 'Muse of Cumberland'; was associated with Catherine Gilpin. Some of her poems, which depict with admirable truth the Cumbrian folk, appeared in magazines, but no collection of them was published until 1842. She wrote several songs of high merit in Scottish dialect, including 4 The Traveller's Return and What ails this heart o mine V

[275] William Blamire (1790–1862), tithe commissioner; nephew of Susanna Blamire; educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford; B.A., 1811; farmer at Thackwood Nook, Cumberland; high sheriff of Cumberland, 1828; whig M.P. for Carlisle, 1831; chief commissioner, 1836-51, for carry big into effect Tithe Commutation Bill of 1834; commissioner for carrying out Copyhold Enfranchisement Act, 1841; enclosure commissioner,

[276] Edward Litt Laman Blanchard (1820-1889), miscellaneous writer; son of William Blanchard , whom he accompanied to New York, 1831: edited Chambers's London Journal 1841, and New London Magazine 1845. He produced pantomimes for Drury Lane for thirty-seven years, besides many other dramatic pieces, and contributed extensively to newspapers and periodicals.

[277] Samuel Laman Blanchard (1804–1845), author; clerk to a proctor in DoctorsCommons; made acquaintance of Douglas Jerrold; joined travelling troop of actors; contributed to Monthly Magazine: secretary to Zoological Society, 1827-30; publishedLyric Offerings; acting editor of Monthly Magazine; edited 4 True Sun 1832-6, Constitutional 1836, awl Courier 1837-9 (all liberal papers), and Court Journal 1837; connected withExaminer 1841-5; editedGeorge Cruikeuank's Omnibus 1843; published L. E. Landou's i Life and Literary Remains 1841. Three volumes of his essays appeared in 1846.

[278] William Blanchard (1769–1835), comedian: in office of his uncle, William Blanchard, proprietor of IYork Chroniole 1782; joined Welsh's travelling company of actors, 1785; became manager of several provincial theatres; played, 1800, Bob Acres at Coven t Garden, i where he remained almost continuously till death. His characters include Sir Hugh Evans, Fluellen, Meiienius, and Polonius.

[279] William Isaac Blanchard (d. 1796), stenographer; practised as shorthand-writer in Westminster Hall, 1767-96; published two original systems of stenography,

[280] Elizabeth Bland (fl. 1681–1712), hebraist ; rnfe Fisher; married, 1681: wrote in Hebrew a phylactery for Thoresby's Museeum Thoresbianum

[281] Humphrey Bland (1686?-1763), general and military writer; obtained commission, 1704; served as lieutenant and captain in Marlborough's campaigns; at battle of Almanara, 1710; successively lieutenant-colonel and colonel of dragoons, and colonel of foot: quartermaster-general at headquarters, 1742; served in Flanders; major-general in Culloden campaign; governor of Gibraltar, 1749, and of Edinburgh, 1752-63; commauder-in-chief of forces in Scotland, 1753; published Treatise on Discipline 1727.

[282] John Bland (d. 1555), Marian martyr; educated at Eton and Cambridge: M.A.: schoolmaster; rector of Adisham, Kent; opposed celebration of mass, 1553; burned at Canterbury.

[283] John Bland (1702–1750), writing-master; educated at Westminster; clerk in custom-house, 1717; writing-master at academy in Little Tower Street, and subsequently established himself independently; published Essay on Writing 1730.

[284] John Bland (d. 1788), dramatist ; author of drama, 'Song of Solomon 1750.

[285] Maria Theresa Bland (1769–1838), vocalist; daughter of Italian Jews named Romanziui; first sang at Drury Lane, 1786; married the actor Bland, 1790; attached to Drury Lane almost continuously from 1789 to 1824, but sang also at Haymarket and Vauxhall; developed melancholia after 1824.

[286] Miles Bland (1786–1868), mathematician; B.A., second wrangler, and Smith's prizeman, St. John's College, Cambridge, 1808; fellow, 1808; public mathematical examiner, 1817-18: prebendary of Wells and D.D., 1826; ; F.R.S.; F.S.A.; published mathematical works,

[287] Nathaniel Bland (1803–1865), Persian scholar; educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford; B.A., 1825; contributed valuable papers to Royal Asiatic Society's Journal 1843-53; committed suicide.

[288] Robert Bland , the elder (1730–1816), physician; M.D. St. Andrews, 1778; L.C.P., 1786; published works on midwifery.

[289] Robert Bland , the younger (1779?–1825), divine; son of Robert Bland (1730-1816); educated at Harrow and Pembroke College, Cambridge: B.A., 1802; assistant master, Harrow; minister to English church, Amsterdam: held two English curacies; published works relating to Greek classics.

[290] Tobias Bland (1563?–1604), divine; B.A. Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 1581; expelled from Corpus Christi College for libelling the master; M.A., 1584; B.D., 1591; sub-almoner to Elizabeth, 1694; canon of Peterborough, 1602.

[291] William Bland (1789–1868), Australian statesman; son of.Robert Bland the elder; passed naval surgeon, fifth rate, 1809; exiled to Sydney for duelling, 1814; pardoned; practised surgery: imprisoned twelve months for libel; passed naval surgeon, 1826; member of i elective legislature for Sydney, 1843.

[292] Walter Blandford (1619–1676), bishop ; fellow, Wadham College, Oxford, 1644; warden, 1669; prebendary of Gloucester; chaplain in ordinary to the king; vice-chancellor of the university, 1663; bishop of Oxford, 1665; dean of Chapel Royal; bishop of Worcester, 1671.

[293] William Blandie or Blandy (fl. 1580), author; educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford; H.., ISM; fellow of Middle Temple; served with English army in Low Countries, 1580; published works relating to political and civil customs.

[294] Mary Blandy (d. 1752), murderer : at the instance of her lover, William Henry, son of fifth Lord Cranstoun, poisoned her father, who objected to her engagement; convicted and hanged at Oxford.

[295] Gilbert Blane (1739-1834), physician; M.D., Glasgow, 1778; private physician to Admiral Uixlney. whom lie aecompaninl to West Indies, 1779; physician to licet, 177-.I w:;:.-nine to KiiLrland with Iloduey, 1781, but n turned. 1782: L.O.P., 1781; did much to improve ry condition of navy; published work oil means for preserving health of seamen, 1780; physician at St. iaa'8 Hospital on return to England, 1783, till 1795: physician extraordinary, and later physician in ordinary nice of Wales, 1785: commissioner for sick and wounded seamen, 1795-1H02; assisted in framing rules lorming basis of Quarantine Act, 1799: sent to report on condition of army in Walcheren expedition, and arranged for transport of sick and wounded; created baronet, 1812: physician in ordinary to George IV; F.R.S.: published dissertations on medical subjects.

[296] Henry Blaneforde (fl. 1330), chronicler ; monk of St. Albans; wrote chronicle for years 1323-4 (Cotton MSS. ClaudiusD. vi. )

[297] Henry Francis Blanford (1834–1893), meteorologist and treologist; studied at Royal School of Mines; appointed to geological survey of India, 1855; professor at Presidency College, Calcutta, 1862-72; meteorological reporter to government of Bengal, 1872, and later to government of India: retired and returned to England, 1888: published scientific writings.

[298] John Blankett (d. i80l), admiral : volunteer and midshipman at reduction of LouLsbourg, 1758, and Quebec, 1759; lieutenant, 1761; commander, 1779; served in East Indies; captain, 1780; in Mediterranean, 1783; commanded convoy to China, 1790; commodore of squadron sent to Cape of Good Hope, serving at reduction of that settlement; served in Egyptian operations; rear-admiral, 1799.

[299] John Blaquiere , BARON de BLAQUIERE (1732–1812), politician: son of a French emigrant; under Lord Harcourt as secretary of legation in France, 1771-2, and chief secretary in Ireland, 1772-7; M.P. successively for several Irish and English constituencies: privy councillor, 1774; baronet, 1784; raised to Irish peerage, 1800.

[300] William Blathwayt ( 1649?–1717), politician; secretary to Sir William Temple at the Hague, 1668; engaged in public business successively at Rome, Stockholm, and Copenhagen; secretary-at-war, 1683-1704; clerk of privy council, 1689; secretary of state with William III in Flanders; commissioner of trade. 1696-1706; M.P. for Newtown, Isle of Wight, 1685-8, and Bath, 1693-1710.

[301] Andrew Thomas Blayney , eleventh Baron Blayney (1770-1834), lieutenant-general; ensign, 1789; captain, 1792; major in 89th regiment, part of which he rii-l in Ireland, 1794; served under Duke of York in nand'Ts. 1794-5; lieutenant-colonel of 89th regiment in Ireland, 1798; assisted in reduction of Malta; majoru'rneral in Peninsula, 1810; captured at Malaga; imprisoned in France. 1810-14; lieutenant-general, 1819; published account of his captivity, 1814.

[302] Benjamin Blayney (1728–1801 ), Hebrew scholar; M.A. Worcester College, Oxford, 1753; fellow, and afterwards vice-principal, Hertford College; B.D., 1768; prepared for Clarendon Press edition of authorised version of bible. 1769; regius professor of Hebrew, canon of Christ riraivh, und D.D, 1787; published dissertations on and translations of Old Testament Scriptures.

[303] Bledri surnamed DDOETH, or the Wise (d. 1022?), perhaps bishop of Llandaff between 995 and 1005.

[304] Henry Arthur Bleeck ( 1H27V-1877), orientalist; successively employed in Iritish Museum and inland transport corps at Sinope during (rimean war: published works on oriental languages and a translation of the A vesta

[305] Wilhelm Heinrich Immanuel Bleek (1K27-IH75). philologist: born at Berlin; educated at Bonn and Berlin: set out with W. I. Blaikie in expedition up N'iger, 18M: interpreter to Sir George Grey at Capetown, 1H57. and subsequently librarian to Grey's library; published works on South African languages.

[306] Ralph Blegborough (1769–1827), physician; I educated:it Kdinburgh and Guy's and St. Thomas's hospitals; M.D. Aberdeen, 1804; L.C.P., 1805; devoted himself exclusively to midwifery.

[307] John Blencow or Blincow (fl. 1640), divine ; fellow, St. John's College, Oxford, 1627; B.C.L., 1633; probably expelled from fellowship, 1648.

[308] Sir John Blencowe (1642–172(5), judge; called to bar at Inner Temple, 1673; master of the bench, 1687; I serjeiint-at-law, 1G89; M.P. for Brackley, Northamptou , shire, 1690-5; baron of exchequer, 1696; probably re moved to king's bench, 1G97, and to common pleas, 1714; knighted, 1714; retired, 1722.

[309] William Blencowe (1683–1712), decipherer; ; son of Sir John Bleucowe; B.A. Magdalen College, Oxford, 1701; fellow of All Souls, 1702; M.A., 1704; dej cipherer to government, 1703; shot himself during temporary insanity.

[310] Thomas Blenerhasset (1550?–1625?), poet; educated at Cambridge; entered army; captain at Guernsey Castle; one of undertakers for plantation of Ulster, 1610. His publications include an expansion (1678) of theMirrour for Magistratesand a work on jPlantation in Ulster

[311] John Blenkinsop (1783–1831), one of pioneers of the locomotive: engaged hi Middletou collieries, near Leeds; obtained, 1811, patent for double cylinder locomotive worked by means of racked rail and toothed wheel, which was successfully tested, 1812. Locomotives made upon the Blenkinsop pattern were employed regularly from 1812.

[312] William Blenkiron (1807?–1871), breeder of racehorses; farmer in Yorkshire; manufacturer of stocks and collars, 1845; kept racehorses at Dalston, and subsequently at Middle Park, Kent, Waltham Cross, and Esher, his stud becoming the most celebrated in Europe.

[313] Harman Blennerhasset (1764?–1831), lawyer; educated at Westminster and Dublin; B.A., and LL.B., 1790; travelled on continent, adopted republican principles, and settled, 1798, near Parkersburg on the Ohio; became implicated in schemes of Aaron Burr; arrested, but released, 1807; lawyer in Montreal, 1819; retired to Guernsey.

[314] Marguerite Blessington , COUNTESS of (1789-1849), authoress; n6e Power; married, 1804, captain Maurice Farmer (d. 1817), from whom she separated almost immediately; married, 1818, Charles John Gardiner, firstearl of Blessington; travelled on continent with her husband and Alfred, count d'Orsay, 1822: made acquaintance of Byron; settled in Paris, 1828; removed to London, 1831; published her first novel, Cassidy 1833; edited 'Book of Beautyfrom 1834, andThe Keepsake 18411849; contributed toDaily Newson its foundation, 1846; became bankrupt, 1849, and fled to Paris to Count d'Orsay, who had lived with her for some years; died in Paris. Her first book,The Magic Lantern was published anonymously, 1822, and between 1833 and 1847 she produced numerous works of fiction and personal reminiscence.Country Quarters a novel, appeared posthumously in 1850.

[315] William Blethyn (d, 1590), divine : educated at Oxford; bishop of Llandaff, 1575.

[316] William John Blew (1808–1894), liturgiologist : M.A. Wadham College, Oxford, 1832; curate of Nuthurst, 1832-40, and of St. Anne's, Soho, 1840-2; incumbent of St. John's, Milton-next-Gravesend, 1842-60; published edition of Aberdeen Breviary 1864, translations from Greek, and other works. I

[317] Jonas Blewitt (d. 1805), organist, in city of London: published a Treatise on the Organ and musical compositions.

[318] Jonathan Blewitt (1780?–1853), composer: son of Jonas Blewitt; organist successively in London, Haverhill, Brecon, Sheffield,:iud at St. Andrew's, Dublin; in London, 1826; produced numerous pantomime compositions; at different times musical director at Theatre Royal, Dublin, Sadler's Wells, and Vauxhull.

[319] Octavian Blewitt (1810–1884), secretary, Royal Literary Fund; studied medicine at infirmary of St. George's, Hanover Square, London: secretary of Royal Literary Fund, 1839-84; knight of the order of Leopold, 1872; published topographical and other works.

[320] Sir Charles Blicke (1745–1815), surgeon; surgeon of St. Bartholomew's Hospital, 1787; governor of College of Surgeons, 1801: knighted, 1803; edited Essay on Yellow Fever of Jamaica 1772, anonymous,

[321] Thomas Bligh (1685–1775), lieutenant-general; Irish M.P. for Athboy, co. Meath, 1715; captain, 1717; lieutenant-colonel, 6th horse; colonel of 20th foot, 1740; brigadier-general, 1745; major-general, 1747; colonel, 6th horse, 1747; lieutenant-general, 1754; commanded unsuccessful expedition against French to create diversion in favour of Ferdinand of Brunswick, 1758; retired, 1759.

[322] Richard Bligh (1780–1838?), chancery barrister; educated at Westminster and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1806; published legal works.

[323] Sir Richard Rodney Bligh (1737–1821), admiral; entered navy, 1751; commander under Rodney in West Indies, 1762; captured by French, 1793; rearadmiral, 1794: released, 1795; second in command in Jamaica, 1796-9; vice-admiral, 1799; commander-inchief at Leith, 1803-4; admiral, 1804; G.C.B., 1820. liral; entered

[324] William Bligh (1754–1817), vice-admiral navy and accompanied Cook as sailing-master in second voyage round world, 1772-4, and discovered bread-fruit at Otaheite; lieutenant; commanded vessel sailing to Otaheite to obtain bread-fruit plants, 1787; cast adrift in open boat by his mutinous crew; landed at Timor, 1789; reached England, 1790; poet-captain; sailed to Society Islands, 1791; received Society of Artsmedal, 1794; F.R.S., 1801; captain-general and governor of New South Wales, 1805; forcibly deposed, 1808, and imprisoned till 1810; returned to England, 1811; rear-admiral, 1811, and vice-admiral of blue, 1814.

[325] William Blight (1785–1862), rear-admiral; lieutenant, 1803; at Trafalgar, 1805; agent for transports, Palermo, 1812-14; commander, 1821; post-captain, 1830; retired as rear-admiral, 1855.

[326] Mathilde Blind (1841–1896), poetess; born at Mannheim; daughter of a banker named Cohen; adopted name of Blind; came to London, c. 1849; published 'Poeme by Claude Lake 1867,The Prophecy of St. Oran 1881,The Heather on Fire 1886,Ascent of Man 1888,Dramas in Miniature 1891,Songs and Sonnets 1893, and Birds of Passage 1895. She translated Strauss'sOld Faith and New 1873-4, andJournal of Marie Bashkirteeff 1890.

[327] Nathaniel Bliss (1700–1764), astronomer; M.A. Pembroke College, Oxford, 1723; rector of St. Ebbe's, Oxford, 1736; Savilian professor of geometry and F.R.R., 1 742; assisted Bradley at Royal Observatory: astronomerroyal, 1762-4. Observations made under his supervision were published in 1806.

[328] Philip Bliss (1787–1857), antiquary ; educated at Merchant Taylors School and St. John's College, Oxford; fellow, 1809; D.C.L., 1820; ordained priest, 1818; under librarian of Bodleian, 1822-8: university registrar, 18241853; keeper of archives, 1826-67; registrar of university court, 1831: principal of St. Mary Hali, 1848-67; deputy professor of civil law: compiled and edited many antiquarian works, including editions of Wood's Athenae Oxonienses 1813-20, and Reliquiae Hearnianae 1867.

[329] Walter Blith (fi. 1649), agricultural writer: published, 1649, The English Improver, or a new Survey of Husbandry reissued, 1652, asThe English Improver Improved He was probably a captain in parliamentary army.

[330] William Blitheman or Blytheman (d. 1591), organist and gentleman of the chapel under Klizabeth; left musical compositions in manuscript. Dr. John Bull was perhaps his pupil.

[331] Thomas Blizard (1772–1838), surgeon; nephew of Sir William Blizard; surgeon to London Hospital; published surgical writings.

[332] Sir William Blizard (1743–1836), surgeon; studied at London and St. Bartholomew's hospitals; surgeon, 1780, to London Hospital, where, with Dr. Maclaurin, he founded medical school, 1785; F.R.S., 1787; twice president of College of Surgeons; published medical writings.

[333] Henry Ferdinand Blochmann (1838–1878), orientalist; born at Dresden; studied oriental languages at Leipzig and Paris; came to England and enlisted in British army, 1858; vrent as private soldier to India, obtained employment in office at Fort William, received discharge, and entered service of Peninsular and Oriental Company as interpreter; assistant professor of Arabic and Persian, in Calcutta Madrasa, 1860-2; M.A. and LL.D. Calcutta, 1861; professor of mathematics, Doveton College, 1862-5; returned to the Madrasa, 1865, and ultimately became principal; published oriental works, including translation of first volume of Ain-i-Akbari of Abiil-FazL

[334] Robert Bloet, Bluet, or Bloett (d. 1123), Norman divine; chancellor successively to William the Conqueror and William II; consecrated bishop of Lincoln, 1094; justiciary under Henry I; besieged Tickhill, Robert of Belesme's castle, for the king, 1102.

[335] Peter de Blois (. 1190).

[336] William Nicholas Blomberg (1702?–1750), divine; M.A. Merton College, Oxford, 1726; fellow; held livings in Middlesex and Kent; published life of his grandfather, Edmund Dickinson, M.D.

[337] Richard Blome (f. 1705), publisher and compiler; issued many splendid works by the aid of subscriptions adroitly levied. His publications include editions of Guillim'sDisplay of Heraldrie 1660 and 1679:Geographical Description of... the World 1670; and Britannia 1673.

[338] Francis Blomefield (1705–1752), topographer; B.A. Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, 1727; rector of Hargham, 1729-30; held living of Fersfield, 1730; set up private press, 1736, and began to issue in numbers his 4 History of Norfolk 1739; died leaving the third volume unfinished. The published volumes, chiefly based on Le Neve's collections, contained accounts of Thetford and Norwich. His work was continued by the Rev. Charles Parkin, and ultimately finished by a hack writer, the whole being republished, 1805-10.

[339] Leonard Blomefield , formerly Leonard Jenyns (1800–1893), naturalist; educated at Eton and St. John's College, Cambridge; B.A., 1822; curate, 1823, and vicar, 1828-49, of Swaffham Bulbeck, Cambridgeshire; published Manual of British Vertebrate Animals 1836; removed successively to South Stoke, near Bath, 1860, Swainswick, 1852, and Bath, 1860; founder, 1885, and first president of Bath Natural History and Antiquarian Field Club; presented to the town of Bath the Jenyns Library; member of Linnean Society and of I Cambridge Philosophical Society, 1822; original member 1 of Zoological (1826), Entomological (1834), and Ray (1844) societies; adopted name of Blomefield, 1871; published* writings relating to natural history and an autobiography (privately printed, 1889).

[340] Miles Blomefield (1625–1574?), alchemist: licensed physician by Cambridge University; practised at Bury St. Edmunds; published works on alchemy.

[341] Sir Thomas Blomefield (1744–1822), majorI general; joined navy, but entered as cadet military academy, Woolwich, 1758: lieutenant fire-worker, c, 1759; commanded bomb- ketch at bombardment of Havre; joined Hawke's fleet at Quiberon; personal aide-de-camp successively to General Conway and Lord Townshend, master general of ordnance, 1771: brigade-major to Brigadier Phillips in Aim-riran war; wounded at Saratoga; captain insprctor of artillery, and superintendent of Royal Kniss Foundry, 17W): entrusted with reorganisation of onlnance department, 1783; lieutenant-colonel, 1793; colonel, 1800; major-general, 1803; colonel-commandant of battalion, 1HU6; commanded artillery in Copenhagen expedition, 1807; created baronet,

[342] Sir Arthur William Blomfield (1829–1899), architect; son of Charles James Blomfleld; edu(itf.1;it Kiitfby and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., ticlol to I'hilip Charles Hardwick (1822-1892), son of 1'hilip I lard wick; opened office in Adelphi Trrm.v 1S56: president of Architectural Association, l-l, F.R.I.B.A., 1867, and vice-president, 1886; architect to Bank of England, 1883; associated with Arthur Edmund Street, sou of George Edmund Street, in i-nvtion of Law Courts in London, 1881; A.R.A., 1888; i, 1889. His works include Sion College Library on Thames Embankment, Queen's School at Eton College, the scheme for Church House, Dean's Yard, Westminster, and many churches in England and abroad. He made important restorations in the cathedrals of Salisbury, Canterbury, Lincoln, and Chichester.

[343] Charles James Blomfield (1786–1867), bishop of London; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1808; fellow; presented to St. Botolph, Bishopsgate; bishop of Chester, 1H24; translated to see of London, 1828; instituted, 1836, for building and endowing churches in metropolis a fund which, 1854, was merged in London Diocesan Church Building Society; in the Tractarian movement (c. 1842) upheld definitely the views of neither party while agreeing on some points with both; edited five plays of scbylus, with notes and glossaries, three Greek lyric poets for Gaisford's Poetae Minores Graeci (1823), and contributed on classical subjects to magazines.

[344] Edward Valentine Blomfield (1788–1816), classical scholar; brother of Charles James Blomfield ; B.A. Caius College, Cambridge, 1811: first chancellor's classical medallist; classical lecturer and fellow, Emmanuel College, till death. His chief work, a translation of Matthias'sGreek Grammar appeared posthumously, edited by his brother.

[345] Ezekiel Blomfield (1778–1818), nonconformist divine; minister at Wymondham; founded Norfolk and Norwich Auxiliary British and Foreign Bible Society; partner of Brightley, printer, of Bungay; published various compilations.

[346] Jacques Cristophe Blon (1670–1741). See Le Blon.

[347] James Augustus Blondel (d. 1734), physician : born in Paris; M.D. Leyden, 1692; practised in London; L.O.P., 1711; published medical writings.

[348] Holcroft Blood (1660?-1707), general; son of Thomas Blood: served at sea in Dutch war, 1672, and in Irish campaigns after 1688; rendered signal service as engineer, Namur, 1696, and Hochstadt, c. 1703; subsequently promoted brigadier-generaL

[349] Thomas Blood (1618?–1680), adventurer: obtained estates in Ireland which were forfeited at Restoration; headed unsuccessful attempt to take Dublin Castle from royalists, 1663; escaped arrest, and subsequently fled to Holland; returned to England, associated with Fifth-monarchy men, and later with covenanters till 1666; attempted, perhaps at Buckingham's instigation, to assassinate Duke of Ormonde, who, however, escaped, 1670; formed an elaborate plan, 1671, to steal the crown jewels, and actually with an accomplice made off with the crown and globe, but was arrested; obtained admission to Charles IPs presence, gained his favour, and received back his Irish estates; committed by court of king's bench for slander of Buckingham, 1680, but received bail.

[350] Benjamin Bloomfield , first Baron Bloomfield (1768–1846), lieutenant-general ; second lieutenant, royal artillery, 1781; chief equerry to Prince of Wales, c. 1806; major-general, 1814; knighted, 1816; keeper of privy purse and receiver of duchy of Lancaster, 1817; minister plenipotentiary at Stockholm, 1824: raised to Iwsh peerage, 1825; commanded garrison at Woolwich.

[351] John Arthur Douglas Bloomfield , second Baron Bloomfield (1802–1879), diplomatist: son of Benjamin Bloomfleld; joined diplomatic service, 1818; envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary at St. Petersburg, 1844, and Berlin, 1851; envoy extraordinary and plenipotentiary to emperor of Austria, 1860-71; created peer of United Kingdom, 1871.

[352] Robert Bloomfield (1766–1823), poet ; worked as shoemaker under his brother George, in London; endured extreme poverty; wrote his Farmer's Boy c. 1798 (published 1800); under-sealer in seal office, 1802; manufactured JEolian harps; embarked unsuccessfully in book-trade; visited Wales and wrote Banks of the Wye 1811. A collected edition of his works appeared in 1821.

[353] Joseph Bloor (d. 1846), assistant at Robert Bloor's Old Derby China Works.

[354] Robert Bloor (rf. 1846), ceramist, brother of Joseph Bloor; worked in and, r. 1811, bought Old Derby China Works.

[355] Edward Blore (1787–1879), architect and artist; sou of Thomas Blore; employed on illustrations for his father's History of Rutland Britton's English Cathedrals and Surtees's Antiquities of Durham; built Sir Walter Scott's house at Abbotsford, c. 1816; managed production of Scott'sProvincial Antiquities of Scotland; architect to William IV and Quern Victoria, and to Westminster Abbey; F.R.S.; F.S.A.; hon. D.C.L. Oxford, 1834; published Monumental Remains of Eminent Persons 1824.

[356] Robert Blore (d. 1866?), manufacturer of porcelain biscuit figures in Bridge Gate, Derby; apprenticed at Old Derby China Works.

[357] Thomas Blore (1764–1818), topographer; solicitor at Derby, and, later, at Hopton; entered Middle Temple, 1795; published topographical writings and left manuscript collections for history of Hertfordshire,

[358] Charles Blount, fifth Baron Mountjoy (d. 1545), son of William Blount, fourth baron; page to Queen Catherine; served with Henry VIII in France, 1544; patron of learning.

[359] Charles Blount, Earl of Devonshire and eighth Baron Mountjoy (1563-1606), grandson of Charles Blount, fifth baron; M.A. Oxford, 1589: entered Inner Temple; came to court, c. 1583: M.P. for Beeralston, 1584, 1586, and 1593; knighted, 1586; served in Netherlands, in pursuit of Armada, and in Brittany, 1586-93; captain of town and island of Portsmouth, 1594; lieutenant of land forces in Essex's expedition to Azores, 1597; K.G., 1597; implicated in Essex's conspiracy, but escaped punishment; lord deputy of Ireland, 1601; put down Tyrone's rebellion; reinstated deputy by James I: styled lord-lieutenant, 1603; suppressed disaffection resulting from military occupation; returned to England, and was created Earl of Devonshire, 1603; master of ordnance, 1603; keeper of Portsmouth Castle, 1604; commissioner to discharge office of earl marshal, 1605; married, 1605, Lord Rich's divorced wife, Essex's sister, Penelope, with whom he had contracted a liaison in early life.

[360] Charles Blount (1654–1693), deist; son of Sir Henry Blount; author of freethinking books which have caused him to be considered as a link between Herbert of Cherbury and Toland. These include Anima Mundi an attack on priestcraft entitledGreat is Diana of the Ephesians 1680: and a translation with notes of The Two First Books of Apollonius Tyaneus 1680. He published also political papers of whig tendency, and a Vindication of Liberties of the Press.

[361] Sir Christopher Blount (1565?–1601), soldier; probably younger brother of Charles, earl of Devonshire ; gentleman of horse to Elizabeth; served in Netherlands; knighted, 1588; married, c. 1589, widow of first Earl of Essex (d. 1576); colonel of land force, and, later, camp master in Essex's expedition to Cadiz, 1596; joined attempt on Azores, 1597; M.P. for Staffordshire, 1597; marshal of Essex's army in Ireland, 1599; assisted in Essex's conspiracy against government, and was executed on Tower Hill.

[362] Edward Blount or Blunt (fl. 1588–1632), stationer; freeman of Stationers Company, 1588; published Florio's Italian and English Dictionary 1596, and translation of Montaigne's i;." Marlowe's 'Hero and Leander 1598, Shelton's Don Quixote 1620, the first folio of Shakespeare's Works with Isaac Jaggard and others, 1623, and Lyly's Sixe Court Comedies .. besides Are Aulica 1607, and other translations by himself.

[363] Sir Henry Blount (1602–1682), traveller; B.A. Trinity College, Oxford, 1618; entered Gray's Inn; travelled on continent and in Egypt; published Voyage to the Levant 1636; knighted, 1640; sided with royalists in civil war.

[364] Sir James Blount (d. 1493), lieutenant of Hammes, 1476; son of Walter Blouut, first baron Montjoy (d. 1474) ; knighted, 1485.

[365] Sir John Blount (fl. 1413), governor of Calais; son of Sir Walter Blount; K.G., 1413; at siege of Rouen, 1418.

[366] Sir John Blount, third Baron Mountjoy (d. 1485), second son of Walter Blount, first baron; captain of Guisnes and Hammes, 1477.

[367] Martha Blount (1690–1762), friend of Pope; educated at Hammersmith and in Paris; made acquaintance of Pope as early as 1705: Pope dedicated to her his 'Epistle on Women 1735, and at his death bequeathed her considerable property.

[368] Mountjoy Blount, Baron Mountjoy and Earl of Newport (1597?-1666), natural son of Charles Blount, earl of Devonshire, by Penelope, lady Rich; created Baron Mountjoy, in Irish peerage, 1618, and in English peerage. 1627; served in Low Countries, 1622; created Earl of Newport, Isle of Wight, 1628; rear-admiral of fleet in Rochelle expedition, 1628; accompanied Charles I to Scotland, 1639; joined opposition in the Lords to Charles I in Long parliament; constable of Tower, 1641; fought with king's forces in Yorkshire, 1642; lieutenant-general under Duke of Newcastle; quarrelled with Newcastle and was imprisoned in Pomfret Castle, and subsequently committed to custody of gentleman usher of House of Lords, 1643; released, 1644; fought for king at Newbury, 1644; taken prisoner at Dartmouth, 1646; released on bail; committed to Tower on suspicion of treason, 1655; pensioned as gentleman of bedchamber, 1662.

[369] Richard Blount (1565–1638) Jesuit; educated at Oxford, English College, Douay (temporarily removed to Rheims), and Rome; ordained priest, 1589; went to Spain and came thence to England, 1591, in disguise; entered Society of Jesus in England, 1696; professed of four vows, 1608; superior of English missions, 1617; provincial, 1623; lived in hiding in London.

[370] Sir Thomas Blount (d. 1400), supporter of Richard II; deputy king'snaperer 1377; joined barons insurrection against Henry IV, 1399; captured and executed near Oxford.

[371] Sir Thomas Blount (ft. 1422), treasurer of Calais in Henry VI's reign; son of Sir Walter Blount; founded chantry at Newark, 1422.

[372] Thomas Blount (fl. 1668), parliamentarian colonel; on committee of Kent, 1643; imprisoned, 1660; member of Royal Society, 1666; noted for several ingenious inventions.

[373] Thomas Blount (1613–1679), miscellaneous writer; entered Inner Temple; compelled, being Roman catholic, to flee from bis home during agitation due to popish plot, 1678; published historical, legal, and other works, including Academic of Eloquence 1654,Glossographia 1686,A Law Dictionary 1670,Fragmenta An tiquitatis, Ancient Tenures of Land 1679, andBoscobel 1660, a history of Charles II's escape after battle of Worcester. He left in manuscript a History of Hereford now lost.

[374] Sir Thomas Pope Blount (1649–1697), politician; son of Sir Henry Blount; created baronet, 1679; M.P. for St. Albans; knight of shire for Hertford: commissioner of accounts in House of Commons; publishedCensura celebriorum Authorum 1690,A Natural History 1693, Remarks on Poetry 1694, andEssays on several Subjects 1G'J2.

[375] Sir Walter Blount (d. 1403), soldier; accompanied Black Prince to Spain, 1367; probably went with John of Gaunt to Castile, 1386; one of Gaunt's executors, 1399; M.P. for Derbyshire, 1399; killed at buttle of Shrewsbury. He figures as Blunt in Shakespeare's 1 Henry IV

[376] Walter Blount , first Baron Mountjoy (d. 1474), lord high treasurer of England ; grandson of Sir Walter Blount; fought for Yorkists at Towton, 1461; knighted; governor of Calais; high treasurer of England, and raised to peerage, 1465; K.G.

[377] William Blount (d. 1471), son of Walter Blount (d. 1474); killed fighting for Edward IV at Barnet.

[378] William Blount , fourth BARON MOUNTJOY t (d. 1534), statesman and patron of learning: grandson of Walter Blount (d. 1474); privy councillor; studinl in Paris, c. 1496, under Erasmus, whom he brought to 1 England, 1498; became intimate with Prince Henry, afterwards Henry VIII; served against Perkin Warbeck, 1497: lieutenant of marches of Calais, 1509; bailiff of Tournai, 1514-17; attended Henry VIII at Field of Cloth of Gold, 1520, and at meeting with Charles V at Dover, 1522; master of mint; K.G. Among the scholars whom he befriended were Erasmus, Leland, Richard Whytfonie, i Battus, and Richard Sampson.

[379] James Blow (d. 1759), printer ; apprenticed to J Patrick Neill, at Glasgow, and was subsequently his 3 assistant in Belfast; printed works for the presbyterians, 'Church Catechism in Irish and English 1722, and some editions of the bible, after c. 1726.

[380] John Blow (1648–1708), composer ; one of children of Chapel Royal, 1660; organist of Westminster Abbey, j 1669-80; master of the children of Chapel Royal, 1674; organist of Chapel Royal, 1676; composer in ordinary to James II, 1685; almoner and master of choristers at St. Paul's Cathedral, 1687-93; composer to Chapel Royal, 1699; buried in Westminster Abbey. His compositions include anthems for Divine Services and Anthems 1663, the Club Anthem I will always give thanks 1663, duet to Herrick's Goe, per jur'd man Venus and Adonis (a masque never printed), and a collection of part-songs.

[381] Samuel Blower (d. 1701), nonconformist divine; . ejected from fellowship at Magdalen and, 1662, from Woodstock, Oxfordshire; subsequently founded Castle Hill meeting-house, Northampton.

[382] Andrew Bloxam (1801–1878)), divine ; educated at Rugby and Worcester College, Oxford, fellow; made collection of natural-history specimens on voyage to Sandwich Islands, 1824; wrote works relating to natural history.

[383] John Rouse Bloxam (1807–1891), historian of Magdalen College; educated at Rugby and Worcester and Magdalen Colleges, Oxford: M.A., 1836; D.D., 1847; fellow of Magdalen College, 1836-63; pro-proctor of university, 1841; held various offices at his college till 1862: he was in full sympathy with the Tractarians; vicar of Upper Seeding, Sussex, 1862-91; published and left in manuscript valuable collections relating to the history of Magdalen College.

[384] Matthew Holbeche Bloxam (1806–1888), antiquary; brother of John Rouse Bloxam; educated at Rugby, where he was articled as solicitor; clerk to magistrates for Rugby division, 1832-72; F.S.A., 1863; published, 1829,Principles of Gothic Architecture (issued in an enlarged form, 1882), and other architectural and antiquarian works.

[385] John Bloxham (d. 1334?), Carmelite of Chester; educated at Oxford; provincial of his order in England; wrote religious works.

[386] John Bloxham (d. 1387), warden of Merton College, Oxford; bachelor of theology, Oxford; seventh warden of Merton, 1376.

[387] John le Blund or Blunt (d. 1248), divine; educated at Oxford and Paris; canon of Chichester; chancellor of York; nominated archbishop of Canterbury by Peter des Roches and elected, 1232, but the pope refused assent and the election was annulled.

[388] Henry Blundell (17-1 1810), art collector made at Ince-Blundell Hull, Lam-ashire, valuable collection of pictures, statuary, and other works of art; published works relating to his collection.

[389] James Blundell (1790–1877), physician; M.D. Edinburgh, 1813: lectured on midwifery at Guy's Hospital; L.t.l, 1S1H; F.C.P., 1838; published medical works.

[390] Peter Blundell (1520–1601), merchant; of humble origin; accumulated great wealth as merchant ainl inanufai'tiirer in kersey trade; endowed Blundell's ;ol 1004), Tiverton.and left considerable sums for charitable purposes.

[391] William Blundell (1620–1698), topographer; -:ipt;iin of dragoons in royalist army, 1642; wounded at LanrusttT. He left a topographical manuscript relating to Isle of Man (published 1876-7), and other writings.

[392] Randulph de Blundevill, EARL OF CHESTER . li'3'J), warrior and statesman; succeeded as earl of Cli-ter, 1180: married Constance, widow of Geoffrey, son (-1 Henry 11,1187; joined, in Richard's interest, in siege of Nottingham, 1194: accompanied Richard to Normandy; quarrelled with Constance and imprisoned her in castle of St. Jean Beverou, 1196; married Clemence, sister of Geoffrey, c. 1200; accompanied John abroad, 1199; led armies engaged in Welsh wars, 1210 seq.; accompanied John to Poitou, 1214; took John's and, later, Henry Ill's ivrainst barons, 1215; with Fulk de Breaute stormed and plundered Worcester, 1216; laid siege unsuccessfully to .Moimtsorrel, Leicestershire, and shared in royalist victory at Lincoln, 1217; received earldom of Lincoln; went to Holy Land, 1218; joined in siege of Damietta, 1219; deserted royal party and plotted ineffectually with Aumale and De Breaute to surprise the Tower and obtain dismissal of Hubert de Burgh, but ultimately submitted; took part with Henry in siege of Nantes, 1230, and was left in Brittany with Aumale and William Marshall in charge of the army; returned to England, 1231.

[393] Thomas de Blundeville or Blunville (d. 1236), bishop of Norwich; nephew of Hubert de Burgh; clerk in exchequer; bishop of Norwich, 1226.

[394] Thomas Blundeville (fl. 1561), writer on horsemanship; inherited and lived on estate at Newton Flotman; published The fower chiefyst offices belonging to Horsemanshippe, 1565-6, and works on horses, government, education of young gentlemen, logic, and astronomy.

[395] Arthur Cecil Blunt (1844–1896). See Arthur Cecil.

[396] Henry Blunt (1794–1843), divine; educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool and Pembroke College, Cambridge: B.A., 1817; fellow; vicar of Clare, Suffolk, 1820: incumbent, 1830. and rector, 1832, Trinity Church, Sloane stm;t: rector of Streatham, 1835-43; published religious works, including lectures on the life of Christ,

[397] John le Blunt (d. 1248). See Blund.

[398] John Henry Blunt (1823–1884), divine ; engaged in business as manufacturing chemist; entered University College, Durham, 1850; M.A., 1855; vicar of Kenuington, near Oxford, 1868; held crown living of Beverston, Gloucestershire, 1873-84; D.D., 1882; published works of theology and ecclesiastical history.

[399] John James Blunt (1794–1855), divine ; B.A. and fellow, St. John's College, Cambridge, 1816; M.A., 1819; B.D., 1826; appointed a Wort's travelling bachelor, 1818; travelled in Italy and Sicily, and published results of observations; preached (and afterwards published) Hulsean Lectures, 1831 and 1832; rector of Great Oakley, Essex, 1834-9; Lady Margaret professor of divinity, 1839; author of sermons, lectures, and other theological works, some of which were published posthumously.

[400] Richard Blyke (d. 1775), antiquary; P.R.S.; F.S.A.; deputy-auditor of office of imprest: clerk of journals, 1764: left manuscript collections for topographical history of Herefordshire.

[401] John Blysse (d. 1630), physician; B.A. Oxford, 1507; M.C.P., 1525; leftastronomical tablesat Merton College, Oxford, now lost.

[402] Sir Arthur Blyth (1823–1891), premier of South Australia: born and educated at Iirminham: v.x-iit to South Australia, 1H39; engagedin business as ironmonger in Adelaide; member of Adelaide chamber of commerce: member for Yatala district in legislative council, 1855: member for Gumeracha in first elected council, 1857, and 1870; commissioner of works, 1857 and 1868-60; treasurer, 1860-1, 1862, and 1866; commissioner of lands and immigration, 1864-5 and 1870-1; chief secretary and premier, 1866-7; premier and treasurer, 1871-2; premier, 1873-5; member for North Adelaide, 1875; treasurer, 1876: agent-general for the colony in England, 1x77; K.C.M.G., 1877; C.B., 1886.

[403] Edward Blyth (1810–1873), zoologist: druggist at Tooting; curator of museum of Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta, 1841; returned to England with pension, 1862; published catalogues of the museum and other zoological works.

[404] Geoffrey Blythe (d. 1530), bishop of Lichfleld and Coventry; educated at Eton and King's College, Cambridge; prebendary of York, and archdeacon of Cleveland, 1493; treasurer of church of Sarum, 1494; prebendary of St. Paul's, c. 1496: dean of York, 1496; master of King's Hall, 1499-1528; prebendary and archdeacon of Sarum, 1499; bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, 1503; LL.D.; lord-president of Wales, 1512-1524.

[405] Geoffrey Blythe (d. 1542), divine ; M.A. King's College, Cambridge, 1523; LL.D., 1529; master of King's Hall, Cambridge, 1528.

[406] John Blythe (d. 1499), bishop of Salisbury: warden of King's Hall, Cambridge, 1488; master of rolls, 1492; bishop of Salisbury, 1494; chancellor of Cambridge University, 1493-6.

[407] John Dean Blythe (1842–1869), miscellaneous writer; successively factory band, newspaper reporter at Ashtou-under-Lyne, and assistant in a Manchester firm; left miscellaneous writings, selections from which were published posthumously.

[408] James Boaden (1762–1839), journalist; editor of 'Oraclenewspaper, 1789: studied at Middle Temple; wrote several successful plays and published an exposure (1796) of the Ireland Shakespearean forgeries, a work (1837) on Shakespeare's Sonnets identifying Mr. W. H. with William Herbert (afterwards Earl of Pembroke), and biographies of actors and actresses.

[409] John Boaden (d. 1839), portrait painter; son of James Boaden; exhibited at Royal Academy, 18101833.

[410] Boadicea (d. 62), wife of Prasutagus, king (d. c. 60), of Iceni of Norfolk and Suffolk, who revolted ineffectually against Ostorius, c. 60: headed revolt of Iceni and Trinobautes, destroyed Camulodunum and Londiniurn, and, being at length defeated by Suetonius Paullinus, took poison.

[411] John Boag (1775–1863), compiler of the Imperial Lexicon; educated at Glasgow; joined congregationalista and acted for many years as evangelist; pastor and schoolmaster at Blackburn, Linlithgowshire; published Imperial Lexicon (c. 1847-8), which held its own until publication of Ogilvie's Dictionary.

[412] Andrew Boardman, Bordman, Bourdman, or Bourman (1550?–1639), divine; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1575: D.D., 1594: Lady Margaret fellow, 1573; Greek lecturer, 1580; junior bursar, 1582; held livings at Allchurch, Warwickshire, 1586-1639.

[413] Charles William Boase (1828–1895), historian; B.A. Exeter College, Oxford, 1860; fellow, 1860; M.A., 1853; ordained deacon, 1855; tutor, 1855-84; lecturer in Hebrew, 1859-69, and in modern history, 1855-94; university reader in modern history, 1884-94; honorary secretary of Oxford Historical Society, 1884; published listorical works relating to Oxford and other writings, including a translation (with Dr. G. K. W. Kitchin) of Ranke's History of England.

[414] Qborge Clement Boase (1829–1897), bibliographer; brother of Charles William Boase; engaged in banking and insurance offices successively in .nice and London; in Australia, lx. r 4-64; manager of provision business of Whitehead & Co. 1866-74: retired and occupied himself with literary pursuits; published bibliographical and antiquarian writings.

[415] Henry Boase (1763–1827), banker and author; chief clerk in Messrs. Hansom. Morland, and Hammers London banking house, 1792, and managing partner, c. 1799: became partner in Penzance Union Bank; fellow of Royal Society of Literature, 1821; published works on finance.

[416] Henry Samuel Boase (1799–1883), geologist, son of Henry Boase; studied chemistry at Dublin; M.D. Edinburgh, 1821; physician at Penzance: removed to London; F.R.S., 1837; managing partner to Turnbull Brothers, bleachers, of Claverhouse Bleachfield; published scientific works.

[417] John Boast (1643?–1694).

[418] Arnold Boate, De Boot, Bootius, or Botius (1600?-1653?) hebraist; M.D. Leyden; studied Hebrew rabbinical writings; practised medicine at Dublin; physician-general of English forces in Ireland; removed to Paris; published Animadversiones sacrae ad textum Hebraicum Veteris Testamenti 1644, also medical and other works.

[419] Gerard Boate, De Boot, Bootius, or Botius (1604-1660), physician; brother of Arnold Boate; born at Gorcum, Holland; M.D. Leyden, 1628; settled in London; physician to the king; produced, in conjunction with his brother, a treatise depreciatory of the Aristotelian philosophy, 1641; L.C.P., 1646; doctor to hospital at Dublin, 1649; wrote Ireland's Naturall History which was published posthumously in 1662 by Samuel Hartlib, Milton's friend.

[420] Jacob Bobart or Bobert, the elder (1599–1680), botanist; born at Brunswick; superintendent, 1632, of Oxford Physic Garden, of which he published a catalogue; botanist;

[421] Jacob Bobart , the younger (1641–1719), son of Jacob Bobart (1699-1680); succeeded his father as superintendent of Oxford Physic Garden; botanical professor, Oxford, 1683-c. 1719; brought out the third part of Morison's Historia Plantarum 1699, and left manuscripts relating to botanical subjects.

[422] Tim Bobbin (1708–1786). See John Collier.

[423] Adam Bocfeld (fi. 1360), Franciscan; wrote commentaries on Aristotle.

[424] Joan Bocher, Boucher or Butcher (d. 1550), anabaptist martyr; sometimes called Joan of Kent; friend of Anne Askew; asserted, 1648, that Christ did not take flesh of the virgin; examined by Cranmer, imprisoned, and subsequently burned at Smithfield..

[425] Eberhardt Otto George von Bock (d. 1814), baron; entered Hanoverian cavalry, e. 1781; captain, 1800; came to England; raised, and was made colonel of 1st dragoons, king's German legion, 1804; major-general, 1810; served in Peninsula; wrecked in transport on Tulbeat rocks.

[426] Edward Bocking (d. 1634), Benedictine ; leading supporter of Elizabeth Barton; D.D. Canterbury College, Oxford, 1618; warden; entered Benedictine priory of Christ Church, Canterbury, c. 1626; sent to report on Elizabeth Barton's alleged revelations, and induced her to feign her manifestations; hanged as one of her supporters.

[427] Ralph Bocking (.. 1270), Dominican; private confessor to Richard Wych, bishop of Chichester, whose life he wrote.

[428] R. Bookman (fl. 1760), portrait painter and mezzotint engraver in Amsterdam and later in England; produced engravings after Van Dyck and others.

[429] Geoffrey de Bocland (fl. 1196–1224), justice; justiciar, 1196-7, 1201-4, and 1218; justice itinerant in Herefordshire, 1220; dean of St. Martin's-le-Grand; concerned in baron revolt, 1216; died before 1231.

[430] Hugh de Bocland or HUGH OF BUCKLAND (d, 1119?), sheriff of Berkshire before 1100, and subsequently sheriff of Middlesex and other counties,

[431] Henry John Boddington (1811–1865), artist; son of Edward Williams; took his wife's name, Boddington, to prevent confusion with relations who were artists; from 1837 exhibited scenes of country life at Royal Academy and Society of British Artists.

[432] John Ernest Bode (1816–1874), divine ; educated at Eton, Charterhouse, and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1840; censor, 1844; examiner in classics, 1846-8; Bampton lecturer,! 855; rector of Westwell, 1847, and of Castle Camps, 1860; published poetical and other works.

[433] Joseph Boden (d. 1811), lieutenant-colonel ; lieutenant in Bombay native infantry, 1781; major, 1802; lieutenant-colonel, 1806; judge-advocate; member of military board, Bombay; left money to found Boden professorship of Sanscrit, Oxford.

[434] John Bodenham (fl. 1600), reputed editor of Elizabethan miscellanies; planned publication of the Elizabethan miscellanies; Wits Commonwealth 1597, Wits Theater 1598, Belvedere, or the Garden of the Muses 1600, and Englands Helicon 1600.

[435] Barbara Leigh Smith Bodichon (1827-1891), benefactress of Girton College; daughter of Benjamin Smith; studied water-colour drawing under William Henry Hunt; married Dr. Eugene Bodichon, 1857; proposed plan of and endowed Girton College.

[436] Sir William Henry Bodkin (1791–1874), legal writer; hon. secretary of Society for Suppression of Mendicity, 1821; called to bar at Gray's Inns 1826; joined home circuit; recorder of Dover, 1832; M.P. for Rochester, 1841-7; assistant judge of Middlesex sessions, 1859; knighted, 1867; counsel to treasury; wrote work relating to poor laws.

[437] Sir Josias Bodley (1550?–1618), military engineer; educated at Merton College, Oxford; served in Netherlands; captain in Leinster against Tyrone, 1598; governor of Newry; trenchmaster at sieges of Kinsale, 1601, Waterford, 1603, and other garrisons; superintendent of Irish castles, 1607; assisted in survey of Ulster plantations, 1609; appointed for life director-general of fortifications in Ireland, 1612; left manuscripts relating to his life and duties in Ireland.

[438] Laurence Bodley (d. 1615), canon of Exeter: elder brother of Sir Josias Bodley; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1668; D.D.; canon of Exeter before 1588.

[439] Sir Thomas Bodley (1545–1613), diplomatist and scholar; eldest brother of Josias and Laurence Bodley ; educated at Geneva, whither his parents had fled from protestant persecution, and at Magdalen College, Oxford; M.A., 1566; lecturer in natural philosophy; university proctor, and deputy public orator, 1569; usher to the queen; engaged in missions to Denmark, 1585, and to Henry III of France, 1688; queen's permanent resident in United Provinces, 1589-96; began, 1598, formation of Bodleian Library, Oxford, which was opened 1603 and endowed by Bodley in 1611; knighted, 1604. A portrait of him is in the Bodleian Library.

[440] Hectoe Boece or Boethius (1465?–1536), historian; educated at Dundee and Paris, in which university he was regent or professor, c. 1492-8, Erasmus being one of his contemporaries; assisted William Elphinstone, bishop of Aberdeen, in founding (1505) university of Aberdeen; first principal; published lives of bishops of Mortlach and Aberdeen, 1622, and history of Scotland to accession of James III, 1527 (both printed ui Paris): the history was translated into Scottish prose by John Bellenden, 1630-3 (printed 1536), and into English for Holinshed's chronicles by William Harrison, 1677; chaplain of St. Andrew's altar in church of St. Nicholas, Aberdeen: vicar of Tullynessle, 1528.

[441] Anthony William Boehm (1673–1722), divine; born at Pyrmont, Germany; came to London, 1701; opened school, 1702; assistant chaplain to Prince George, and subsequently to George I; published and left in manuscript many works and translations in German and

[442] Joseph Edgar Boehm, first Baronet (1834-1890). sculptor: born at Vienna; studied sculpture in London, Italy, Paris, and Vienna; exhibited at Royal Academy from 1802, and soon obtained extensive practice as portrait sculptor; R.A., 1880; lecturer on sculpture at Royal Academy; sculptor in ordinary to Queen Victoria; created baronet, 1889.

[443] Zachary Bogan (1625–1659), author; M.A. Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1650; fellow, 1647; tutor; published religious and learned works.

[444] James Bogdani or Bogdane (d. 1720), painter of still-life and birds; born in Hungary; patronised in England by Queen Anne.

[445] George Bogle (1746–1781), diplomatist; educated at Edinburgh University; entered service of East India Company, 1769; assistant secretary to revenue board, 1772; envoy to and subsequently personal friend of Lama of Tibet, 1774-5; superintended renewal of leases of company's provinces, 1776; commissioner of lawsuits; collector of Rangpur, 1779; left manuscript journal.

[446] David Bogue (1750–1825), divine; educated at Edinburgh: licensed as preacher; usher in academies at Edmonton, Hampstead, and Oamberwell; congregational minister at Gosport; tutor in institution for training for ministry, Gosport, 1780; a founder of the London Missionary Society, British and Foreign Bible Society, and Religious Tract Society; published religious works, including History of Dissenters 1809.

[447] Richard Bogue (1783–1813), captain royal artillery; second lieutenant royal artillery, 1798; second captain, 1806; killed at Leipzig.

[448] Mauritius Bohemus (. 1647–1662), nonconformist divine; born at Colberg; rector of Halluton, Leicestershire; ejected, 1662; published religious works.

[449] John Bohler (1797–1872), botanist ; became collector of medicinal plants for doctors, and subsequently published botanical writings.

[450] Henry George Bohn (1796–1884), bookseller and publisher; entered his father's business of bookbinder and second-hand bookseller; began business independently, 1831; published guinea catalogue of old books, 1841; took up the remainder trade; published Standard Library 1846, Scientific and Antiquarian 1847, Classical 1848, Illustrated 1849, Shilling Series 1850, Ecclesiastical 1851, Philological 1852, British Classics 1853, the series numbering in all over 600 volumes; he made some translations for his Classical Library and produced works and compilations, including reprint of Lowndes's Bibliographer's Manual

[451] James Stuart Surges Bohn (1803–1880), bookseller; educated at Winchester and Gottingen; opened bookselling business in London, 1834; republished Dugdale's Monasticon and compiled catalogues.

[452] Edmund Bohun (1645–1699), chief-justice of Carolina; fellow-commoner Queens College, Cambridge, 1663; on commission of peace; licenser of publications, 1692; imprisoned, 1693, for sanctioning publication of tract by Charles Blount defending doctrine of conquest by William III; chief- justice of Carolina, 1698; published tracts, compilations, and translations,

[453] Henry de Bohun , first Earl of Hereford (1176-1220), created earl, 1199; grandson of Humphrey III de Bohun; constable of England; joined barons against John, 1215; died on pilgrimage to Holy Land.

[454] Humphrey III de Bohun (d. 1187), baron; sewer to Stephen, 1140; taken prisoner at Winchester while fighting for Matilda, 1141; attended council at Clarendon, 1164; took Henry II's side in rebellion of Prince Henry, 1173.

[455] Humphrey V de Bohun, second Earl of Hereford and first Earl of Essex (d. 1274), constable of England; joined Richard of Cornwall against the king, 1227; marshal of the household, 1236; sheriff of Kent, 1239-41; took part in Henry's French expedition, 1242; joined federation of barons, 1258; justice itinerant, 1260; served with king against de Montfort, 1263; taken prisoner at Lewes, 1264.

[456] Humphrey VII de Bohun, third Earl of Hereford and second Earl of Essex (d. 1298), constable of England; served with Welsh army of occupation, 1286; joined Roger Bigod, earl of Norfolk, in opposing Edward I's reforms; refused to serve in Gascony, and was deprived of office of constable, 1297.

[457] Humphrey VIII de Bohun, fourth Earl of Hereford and third Earl of Essex (1276–1322), constable of England; sent to oppose Robert Bruce, 1308; among barons who besieged Gaveston at Scarborough, 1312; taken prisoner at Bannockburn, l:U4, and exchanged for Bruce's wife, then captive in Knhmd: quelled rising in Wales, 1315; served in expedition against Scotland, 1318-19; took lead in denouncing the Despensers; defeated by king and slain at Boroughbridge, Yorkshire, 1322.

[458] William de Bohun, Earl of Northampton (d. 1360), earl, 1337; son of Humphrey de Bohan VIII ; king's lieutenant and captain-general in Brittany, 1342 and 1345-6; fought at Cressy; warden of Scottish marches, 1350; in France, 1365, and Gascony, 1357-9.

[459] Sir John Peter Boileau (1794–1869), archaeologist; second lieutenant of Rifle Corps, 1813; created baronet, 1838; F.R.S., 1843; F.S.A., 1852; vice-president Society of Antiquaries, 1858-62, and 1863-7, and of other scientific societies; sheriff in Norfolk, 1844; published archaeological papers.

[460] John Bois (1561–1644), translator of the bible; educated at St. John's and Magdalene Colleges, Cambridge; fellow of St. John's, 1580; Greek lecturer at Cambridge, 1584-95; appointed one of Cambridge translators for King James's bible, 1604, and member of board of revision; translated portions of Apocrypha and of the section from Chronicles to Canticles; assisted in Sir Henry Savile's edition ofSt. Chrysostom (printed in 1610-13); prebendary of Ely, 1615; published treatise on Greek accents, 1630. His critical notes on passages in Greek Testament appeared posthumously, 1665.

[461] Saint Boisil (d. 664), superior of the monastery at Melrose; gives name to St. Boswell's, Roxburghshire; several religious writings are attributed to him.

[462] George Richard Boissier (1791–1851), ecclesiologist; B.A. Magdalene College, Cambridge, 1828; incumbent of Oakfield, Kent; published Notes on Cambridgeshire Churches 1827.

[463] Charles Boit (d. 1726?), enamel painter ; born at Stockholm; worked with success as enamel painter in London; ran into debt and fled to Paris, where he prospered; died in Paris.

[464] Louis Peter Boitard (. 1750), engraver ; born in France; pupil of La Farge; executed in England portraits and plates for publications.

[465] Osbern Bokenham or Bokenam (1393–1447?), poet; professed member of Augustinian convent of Stoke Clare, Suffolk. His writings include poems in Suffolk dialect commemorating lives of twelve holy women and of the 11,000 virgins (Arundel MSS. Brit. Mus. No. 327, printed for Roxburghe Club, 1835).

[466] John Bokyngham or Buckingham (d. 1398), bishop; prebendary and, 1349, dean of Lichfield; prebendary of Lincoln, 1352; keeper of privy seal to Edward III; elected bishop of Ely, but election quashed by pope, 1361; bishop of Lincoln, 1363-97, and retired to Christ Church monastery, Canterbury; opponent of the Wycliffites.

[467] Henry William Ferdinand Bölckow (1806-1878), ironmaster; born at Sulten, Mecklenburg; came to England, 1827; entered partnership, 1841, as manufacturer of iron at Middlesbrough, to which town he was an extensive benefactor, and (1853) first mayor; M.P., 1868.

[468] Henry Bold (d. 1677), divine; educated at Christ Church, Oxford; chaplain to Earl of Arlington,

[469] Henry Bold (1627–1683), poetical writer; educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford; probationerfellow; dislodged, 1648; employed in the examiner's office in Chancery; published several volumes of poems in English and Latin and translations from Latin.

[470] John Bold (1679–1751). divine; B.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1698; curate of Stoney Stanton, 17021761; wrote religious works.

[471] Samuel Bold (1649–1737), controversialist; vicar of Shapwick, Dorsetshire, 1674: resigned or was ejected, 1688; rector of Steeple, Isle of Purbeck (1682-1737), to which Tyneham was united in 1721; preached against :ition, and published Plea for Moderation towards Dissenters 1682, for which he was fined and imprisoned. UU works include tracts defending John Locke's philosophy,

[472] Edmund Boldero lfi08-1679), divine; M.A. and fellow of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 1631: ejected from fellowship under Commonwealth and imprisoned: D.D., 1660; held rectories in Suffolk; master of Jesus College, Cambridge, 1663; vice-chancellor of university, 1668 and 1674.

[473] Anne Boleyn (1507–1536). See Anne.

[474] George Boleyn, Viscount Rochford (d. 1536), son of Sir Thomas Boleyu, earl of Wiltshire and brother of Anne Boleyn; chief steward of honour of Beaulieu, 1529; governor of Bethlehem Hospital, 1529; knighted and created Viscount Rochford, r. 1530; warden of Cinque ports, 1534; arraigned for incest and high treason, and executed, 17 May, two days before his sister.

[475] George Boleyn (d. 1603), divine; perhaps son of George Boleyn, viscount Rochford; sizar. Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 1544; M.A., 1560; prebendary of York, 1560; prebendary of Chichester: canon of Canterbury, 1566; D.D.,and dean of Lichfleld, 1576; prebendary of Dasset Parva, 1577-9.

[476] Sir Thomas Boleyn, Earl of Wiltshire (1477-1539), lord privy seal; keeper of exchange at Calais and of foreign exchange in England, 1509: joint-constable of Norwich Castle. 1512: accompanied Sir Edward Poynings on embassy to Low Countries; took part in invasion of France, 1513; sheriff of Kent, 1517; went on embassy to Francis I, 1519-20, and negotiated arrangements for Field of Cloth of Gold; Wolsey's agent in conferences at Calais, 1521: joint-ambassador to Spain, 1522-3; treasurer of household, 1522: created Viscount Rochford, 1525; ambassador with Sir Anthony Browne to France, 1527: created Earl of Wiltshire and Ormonde, 1529: lord privy seal: ambassador to Charles V, 1530, and to France on business of Henry V Ill's divorce: father of Queen Anne Boleyn.

[477] Earl of Bolingbroke (1580?–1646). See Oliver St John.

[478] Viscocnt Bolingbroke (1678–1751). See Henry St John.

[479] Henry Bolingbroke (1785–1855), writer on Demerara, whither he made a voyage in 1798.

[480] Sir William Bolland (1772–1840), judge: MA. Trinity College, Cambridge, 17U7; called to bar at Middle Temple, 1801; practised at Old Bailey: recorder of Reading, 1817-29; baron of exchequer, 1829-39: one of originators of Roxburghe Club.

[481] Nicholas Bollard (.f. 1500VX naturalist: author of a manuscript work on cultivation of trees.

[482] Robert Bolron (fl. 1674–1680), informer : successively jeweller's apprentice, foot-soldier, and manager of Sir Thomas Gascoigne's collieries, Barmbow, Yorkshire: became party to popish plot against James II, and informed against Gascoigne, who was tried and acquitted.

[483] Edmund Bolton or Boulton (1575?-1633?), historian and poet; free commoner, Trinity Hall, Cambridge: studied at Inner Temple; contributed to England's Helicon 1600; formulated a scheme, 1617, for a royal academy of letters and science, which was favourably received by James I, who died before it was carried out; subsequently imprisoned successively in Fleet and Marshalsea. Among his writings are The Roman Histories of Lucius Iulius Florus (translated), 1618, Nero Caesar 1624, and a life of Henry II.

[484] Sir Francis John Bolton (1831–1887), soldier and electrician: enlisted in royal artillery: ensign in Gold Coast artillery corps, 1857; served at Crobboe Heights, 1858; captain, 12th foot, 1860; engaged, with Captain (afterwards Rear-admiral) Philip Howard Oolomb , in developing system of visual signalling: invented oxy-calcium light for night signalling; brevetmajor, 1868: assisted in founding Society of Telegraph Engineers and Electricians, 1871: lieutenant-colonel, is? 7 honorary colonel, 1881: designed and controlled coloured fountains and electric lights for exhibitions at South Kensington, 1883-6; knighted, 1884.

[485] Sir George Bolton (d. 1807?), preceptor to royal princesses; knighted; wrote on firearms.

[486] James Bolton (fl. 1775–1795), naturalist; of humble birth: published works on natural history.

[487] James Jay Bolton (1824–1863), evangelical divine; educated in America and at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge; B.A., 1848; incumbent of St. Paul's Episcopal Chapel, Kilburn; published religious works.

[488] Sir Richard Bolton (1570?–1648), lawyer; practised at English bar; recorder of Dublin, 1604; member of Society of King's Inn, Dublin, 1610-13; M.P. for Dublin, 1613; knighted, 1618: solicitor-general for Ireland, 1619; attorney-general to court of wards, Dublin, 1622; chief baron of Irish exchequer, 1625; chancellor of Ireland, 1639; chief adviser of Strafford in his attempts to introduce arbitrary government; impeached of high treason by Irish House of Commons, but the impeachment abandoned, 1641-2; one of principal counsellors of Ormonde in negotiating with Irish confederation concerning peace, i 1644; published Statutes of Ireland 1621, and other legal writings.

[489] Robert Bolton (1572–1631), puritan; educated at Blackburn and Lincoln and Brasenose colleges, Oxford: B.A., 1596; fellow of Brasenose and M.A., 1602; lecturer in logic and moral and natural philosophy; B.D., 1609; rector of Broughton, Northamptonshire, 1610-31; published religious works.

[490] Robert Bolton (1697–1763), divine; M.A. Wadham College, Oxford, 1718; LL.D.; transferred to Hart Hall, 1719; fellow of Dulwich College, 1722-5; preacher at Rolls Chapel, London, 1729; dean of Carlisle, 1735, and vicar of St. Mary's, Reading, 1738-63; published religious works.

[491] Samuel Bolton (1606–1654), divine; educated at Christ's College, Cambridge; member of Westminster assembly of divines, 1643; D.D.; master of Christ's College, 1645; vice-chancellor of Cambridge University, 1651; published religious works.

[492] William Bolton (d. 1532), architect; prior of monastery of St. Bartholomew's, Smithfield, r. 1506: said to have designed Henry VII's chapel in Westminster Abbey.

[493] Willem Bolts or William (1740?–1808), Dutch adventurer; merchant in Lisbon; entered Bengal civil service, 1759: second in council at Benares, 1764; resigned the service, being reprimanded for using the East India Company's authority for private trading scheme, 1766: deported to England, 1768: publish"! work attacking government in Bengal: became colonel in Austrian service, 1778, and founded establishmente in India for an Austrian East India Company; died in Paris,

[494] Eliseus Bomelius or Licius (l. 1574?), physician and astrologer; born at Wesel; M.D. Cambridge; physician and astrologer in London: arrested for practising without license of College of Physicians, 1567; 'open prisoner 1570; settled in Russia, 1670, and, as magician, gained favour of Ivan IV; arrested, e. 1674, on charges of intriguing with kings of Poland and Sweden against the tear, and subsequently died in prison: published astrological works.

[495] Andrew Alexander Bonar (1810–1892), Scottish divim;; brother of Horatius Bouar; educated :it I'Minburgh; licensed preacher, 1835; ordained minister of Collar,-. IVrthshirr, 1S38; joined Free church, 1st:;; minister of Finuieston, Glasgow, 1856-92; published religious writings.

[496] Archibald Bonar (1753–1816), divine: son of John Bonar the elder; educated at Edinburgh; minister successively at Newburn, Glasgow, nnl Oimaood; published religious works.

[497] Horatius Bonar (1808–1889), Scottish divine; .-.liKMtfd ut Edinburgh University: engaged in mission work at Leith: minister of new North Church, Kelso, 1837; joined Free church, 1843; honorary D.D. Aberdeen, I:;; minister of Chalmers Memorial Church, Edinburgh, 1866; moderator of general assembly of Free church, 1883; edited several religious periodicals, and published hymns (in, lu.lin I heard the voice of Jesus say and other religious writings.

[498] James Bonar (1757–1821), brother of Archibald Bonar: educated at Edinburgh; solicitor in excise office: treasurer of Royal Society, Edinburgh; promoter of Astronomical Institution; contributed to Encyclopaedia Britannica and Edinburgh Encyclopaedia

[499] John Bonar , the elder (1722-1 761), Scottish divine; educated at Edinburgh University; minister of Cockpen, near Dalkeith, 1746; called to collegiate church of Perth, 1766; published sermons and other religious works.

[500] John Bonar, the younger (1747–1807), first solicitor of excise in Scotland; son of John Bonar (1722-1761); educated at Edinburgh; joint-editor of Miscellaneous Pieces of Poetry 1766.

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