Ná-ui-gí

Ná-ui-gí (Ná-ui-bûn: norsk) sī thong-hêng tī Ná-ui ê chi̍t-chióng Pak German giân-gú. Ná-ui-gí hām Sūi-tián-gí kap Tan-be̍h-gí ū chin-chhim ê koan-hē, chia-ê gí-giân ki-pún-siōng ē-sài siō-thong.

Ná-ui-gí ū 2-chióng koaⁿ-hong ê chiàⁿ-jī-hoat : bokmål (Bûn-giân Norge-bûn) kap nynorsk (Sin Ná-ui-bûn). Lēng-goā koh ū riksmål kap høgnorsk chit 2-chióng chiàⁿ-jī-hoat. Riksmål kap Bokmål ê cheng-chha bô goā-toā. Høgnorsk sī khah chió-sò· ê siá-hoat. Ná-ui kok-lāi chha-put-to 85-90% ê lâng iōng Bokmål, 10-15% ê lâng iōng Nynorsk siá Ná-ui-gí. Nynorsk chú-iàu thong-hêng tī Ná-ui ê se-pō· tē-khu. Si̍t-chè-siōng, 70-75 % ê lâng kóng ê Ná-ui-gí thó͘-ōe khah oá Nynorsk. Ū-ê só·-chāi kóng ê Ná-ui-gí thó͘-ōe kap thong-hêng ê Ná-ui-gí cheng-chha chin-toā, goā-tē ê Ná-ui-lâng khó-lêng ê thiaⁿ-bô.

Gí-giân thâu

Hiān-chú-sî thong-hêng tī Scandinavia tē-khu ê gí-giân sī àn kó·-chá ê Ná-ui gí-giân ián-piàn lâi-ê. Kin-kù thôan-thóng, Harald Fairhair Ông tī 872 nî thóng-it Ná-ui. Hit tong-sî ū iōng chi̍t-chióng kán-tan ê runic jī-bó lâi siá-jī. Iōng chio̍h-pi téng siá ê bûn-jī lâi khoàⁿ, bô-kâng só·-chāi kóng ê kó·-chá Norse gí cheng-chha bô-tōa. 1030 nî chó-iū, ki-tok-kàu thoân-ji̍p Norge, kah Latin jī-bó ín-chìn Ná-ui. 1 ê sè-kí liáu-aū, iōng Latin jī siá ê Ná-ui gí-bûn khai-sí chhut-hiān. Chha-put-to mā sī tī chit-ê sî-kan, Ná-ui-gí kap Ná-ui chhù-piⁿ thong-hêng ê gí-giân cheng-chha ná lâi ná toā.

Ná-ui-gí bûn-jī ê jī-bó

Ná-ui-gí ū 29 ê jī-bó, thâu-chêng 26 ê kap Eng-gí iōng ê Latin jī-bó sio-siāng. Chòe-āu ke 3-ê jī-bó Æ, Ø kap Å. Tî-liáu che 29-ê jī-bó, ū iōng chi̍t-koá-á phiat-im hû-hō tī kui-ê bó-im téng-kôang: à, é, è, ê, ó, ò, ô. Chia-ê phiat-im hû-hō ê sú-iōng bô kiông-chè-sèng. M̄-koh, ū chió-sò· ê lē, ū phiat-im hû-hō ê gí-sū kap bô phiat-im hû-hō ê gí-sū ê ì-sù chha chin-chē. Pí-lūn-kóng: for (for), fór (went), fòr (meadow) and fôr (fodder).

Bokmål, Riksmål, Nynorsk and Høgnorsk

Piau-chún Ná-ui-gí/Norge-bûn : Riksmål, 1840s-1899.
Ná-ui kok-gí/kok-bûn, hiong-thó·-gí/hiong-thó·-bûn : Landsmål, 1848-1873.
Bûn-giân Ná-ui-gí/Norge-bûn : Bokmål
Sin Ná-ui-gí/Ná-ui-bûn : "Nynorsk"
Thong-iōng Ná-ui-gí/Ná-ui-bûn : "Samnorsk"

Hiān-tāi ê Ná-ui-gí

Bokmål kap Nynorsk

Kap chin-chē Au-chiu ê kok-ka sio-siâng, Ná-ui ū chi̍t-ê koaⁿ-hong ê úi-gôan-hōe kiò Norsk språkråd. Chit-ê úi-gôan-hōe koat-tēng sia-mi̍h sńg chèng-sek, piau-chún ê Ná-ui-gí jī-sû, bûn-hoat, kap jī-sû ê siá-hoat. Têng-kú í-lâi, úi-gôan-hōe chò chhut-lâi ê piau-chún tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ ín-khí cheng-gī. Mā ē-sái kóng iá ū chin-chē sū-kan su-iàu ún-gôan-hōe khì án-nāi.

Ná-ui kàu taⁿ iû-gôan ū 2-thò koaⁿ-hong, chèng-sek ê bûn-jī siá-hoat/chiàⁿ-jī-hoat: Bokmål kap Nynorsk. Bokmål chit-chióng kap m̄-sī koaⁿ-hong chèng-sek ê Riksmål chit 2-chióng ka khì-lâi chiàm (86-90 %). Nynorsk chiàm (10-12 %). Nynorsk has its strongholds in Western Norway and the inland valleys.

In national broadcasting all scripted material is spoken in either Bokmål or Nynorsk, while interviews, talks etc. may be spoken in the dialect of the person speaking.

Kháu-gí hong-giân

Tōa-pō·-hūn ê lâng lóng tông-ì, in-ùi hong-giân kap hong-giân chi-kan ê cheng-chha án chin-sè kàu chin-tōa lóng ū, chin pháiⁿ kho·-kè ū kui-chióng hong-giân.

Hiān-chhú-sî sú-iōng ê thóng-kè

Chha-put-to· 85.3 % ê kok-tiong-seng kap sió-ha̍k-seng ê kàu-iok iōng Bokmål, 14.5% iōng Nynorsk. 18 kip í-siōng ê ha̍k-seng pit-su-iàu 2-chióng lóng ē-hiáu.

Ná-ui ū 434 ê hêng-chèng-khu, kî-tiong 162 ê hêng-chèng-khu koat-tēng iōng Bokmål ka tiong-iong chèng-hú kau-thong, 116 ê hêng-chèng-khu (chiàm 12 % jîn-kháu) koat-tēng iōng Nynorsk, 156 ê koat-tēng 2-chióng lóng ē-sái.

Ná-ui tī 2000 nî chhut-pán ê 4,549 hūn chut-pán-phín tiong-ng, 8% iōng Nynorsk, 92% iōng Bokmål/Riksmål. Chôan-kok-séng ê tōa pò-chóa (Aftenposten, Dagbladet kap VG) iōng Bokmål/Riksmål. Chit-kōa tiòng-iàu ê khu-iok-sèng pò·-chóa (pau-koa Bergens Tidende kap Stavanger Aftenblad), chin-chē chèng-tī-sèng ê chap-chì, kap chin-chē tē-hng ê pò·-chóa iōng Bokmål mā iōng Nynorsk.

Lē

Ē-kha kú chi̍t-koa lē lâi soat-bêng Bokmål kap Nynorsk ê bô-kâng, mā sòa-chhiú kap pó-siú-hêng ê Riksmål (Chin-o̍ah ) kap Danish chò pí-kàu.

B=Bokmål
R=Riksmål
D=Tan-be̍h-gí
N=Nynorsk
H=Høgnorsk
E=Eng-gí

B/R/D: Jeg kommer fra Norge
N/H: Eg kjem frå Noreg.
E: I come from Norway.

B/R: Hva heter han?
D: Hvad hedder han?
N/H: Kva heiter han?
E: What is his name?

B/R/D: Dette er en hest.
N/H: Dette er ein hest.
E: This is a horse.

B: Regnbuen har mange farger.
R/D: Regnbuen har mange farver.
N: Regnbogen har mange fargar.
H: Regnbogen hev mange fargar. (Or better: Regnbogen er manglìta).
E: The rainbow has many colours.

Goā-pō· liân-kiat