Commentary on the Water Classic

The Commentary on the Water Classic (Chinese: 水经注), or Commentaries on the Water Classic,^[1] commonly known as Shui Jing Zhu, is a work on the Chinese geography in ancient times,^[2] describing the traditional understanding of its waterways and ancient canals, compiled by Li Daoyuan during the Northern Wei dynasty (386–534 AD). The book is divided into sections by river, each described with its source, course, and major tributaries, including cultural and historical notes.

Quick Facts Chinese name, Traditional Chinese ...

Commentary on the Water Classic
A map of the Wei River from Shui Jing Zhu
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese	水經注
Simplified Chinese	水经注
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Shuǐ Jīng Zhù Bopomofo ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄐㄧㄥ ㄓㄨˋ Wade–Giles Shui3 Ching1 Chu4 IPA [ʂwèɪ.tɕíŋ.ʈʂû] Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization Séui Gīng Jyu Jyutping seoi2 ging1 zyu3 IPA [sɵɥ˧˥.kɪŋ˥.tsy˧]
Korean name
Hangul	수경주
Hanja	水經注
Transcriptions Revised Romanization Sugyeongju
Japanese name
Kana	すいけいちゅう
Kyūjitai	水經注
Shinjitai	水経注
Transcriptions Romanization Suikeichū

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The work is much expanded from its source text, the older (and now lost) Water Classic (Shuijing 水經). The original text described 137 different rivers in China and was traditionally credited to Eastern Han scholar and geographer Sang Qin (桑钦) during the Three Kingdoms period (220–280 AD).^[3] Qing dynasty scholars gave it a later date (during the Three Kingdoms period) because of the names of the counties and commanderies. Its authorship was then attributed to Jin dynasty scholar Guo Pu. Li Daoyuan's 40-volume, 300,000-character version includes 1252 rivers.

Although very thorough for its time, it did repeat the earlier mistake of the "Tribute of Yu" in viewing the Min river of Sichuan as the headwaters of the Yangtze. It was not until the Ming dynasty that Xu Xiake correctly listed the Jinsha as the principal source.

• Yang Shoujing and Xiong Huizhen, authors of the 19th-century annotation Shui Jing Zhu Shu (水經註疏)

An excerpt from the Shui Jing Zhu, in Yang Shoujing's calligraphy (1899)