Best Java Technologies
What are Java Technologies? Java technologies cover the ecosystem of products that support the Java development environment and its runtime world. Java is a secure object-oriented programming language that is readily portable and used for everything from developing mission-critical applications and rich web applications to running millions of mobile and medical devices, computers, and gaming consoles. It is described as a write once, run anywhere (WORA) language. Java technologies are deployed by enterprise organizations to...
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GraalVM is a universal virtual machine for running applications written in JavaScript, Python, Ruby, R, JVM-based languages like Java, Scala, Groovy, Kotlin, Clojure, and LLVM-based languages such as C and C++. GraalVM removes the isolation between programming languages and enables…
Oracle Java SE Subscription combines license and support into a subscription to enable users to manage Java SE installations, updates and upgrades across the enterprise. The former Java SE Advanced, Java SE Advanced Desktop, and Java SE Suite products have transitioned to a Java…
BellSoft produces and supports the Liberica JDK, as well as a number of other professional products, that help solve business challenges in server, cloud, and IoT applications of Java™ technology. Liberica JDK boasts users on millions of servers and desktops around the world, and…
Azul Systems headquartered in Sunnyvale is exclusively focused on Java and the Java Virtual Machine (JVM). They build fully supported, standards-compliant runtimes that help enable Java-based businesses. Their services include Azul Platform Prime (formerly Zing), a JVM with "better…
Oracle Java SE is a programming language and gives customers enterprise features that minimize the costs of deployment and maintenance of their Java-based IT environment.
Azul Systems headquartered in Sunnyvale is exclusively focused on Java and the Java Virtual Machine (JVM). They build fully supported, standards-compliant runtimes that help enable Java-based businesses. Azul Platform Core (formerly Zulu Enterprise) subscribers get quarterly access…
Oracle offers the Java Cloud Service, a PaaS supporting the fast and easy development of Java applications.
Red Hat Runtimes provides modern platforms to develop and run new and legacy applications—including Spring Boot, Reactive, JavaScript, Java EE, and MicroProfile—in a single ecosystem. It includes support for OpenJDK, in-memory datastore, and single sign-on completes the system. The…
Red Hat offers their implementation of OpenJDK as a free and open source implementation of the Java Platform, Standard Edition (Java SE). Red Hat delivers quarterly JRE and JDK updates per year for the OpenJDK 8 and 11 distributions via rpm and zip files. OpenJDK is now supported…
Eclipse Temurin is the name of the OpenJDK distribution from Adoptium, a project that provides code and processes that support the building of runtime binaries and associated technologies that are high performance, enterprise-caliber, cross-platform, open-source licensed, and Java…
Oracle's Java Card is an open, interoperable platform for secure elements, enabling smart cards and other tamper-resistant chips to host multiple applications using Java technology. Java Card is an execution platform that can store and update multiple applications on a single resource-…
Alibaba Dragonwell is a free, production-ready Open JDK distribution with long-term support, including performance enhancements and security fixes. Alibaba boasts abundant Java application scenarios, covering e-commerce, finance, logistics and many other fields, and, according to…
The Spring Framework, now supported by VMware Tanzu, provides an open source and free comprehensive programming and configuration model for modern Java-based enterprise applications on any kind of deployment platform. A key element of Spring is infrastructural support at the application…
Java Platform, Micro Edition (Java ME) provides an environment for applications running on embedded and mobile devices in the Internet of Things: micro-controllers, sensors, gateways, mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), TV set-top boxes, printers and more. Java ME…
The Microsoft Build of OpenJDK is a no-cost distribution of OpenJDK that's open source and available for free for anyone to deploy anywhere. It includes Long-Term Support (LTS) binaries for Java 11 and Java 17 on x64 server and desktop environments on macOS, Linux, and Windows, AArch64/…
Amazon Corretto, from AWS, is presented as a no-cost, multiplatform, production-ready distribution of the Open Java Development Kit (OpenJDK). Corretto comes with long-term support that will include performance enhancements and security fixes. Amazon states they run Corretto internally…
OpenJ9 from the Eclipse Foundation (contributed by IBM) is a JVM optimized to run Java applications cost-effectively in the cloud.
Akka is a toolkit for building highly concurrent, distributed, and resilient message-driven applications for Java and Scala. Akka provides APIs for Java and Scala and supports Maven, Gradle, and sbt for building concurrent and distributed systems.
Play is a web framework for Java and Scala, supported by Lightbend and available free and open source under the Apache 2.0 license. Built on Akka, Play provides predictable and minimal resource consumption (CPU, memory, threads) for highly-scalable applications.
Azul Intelligence Cloud is a family of products that applies cloud resources to analyze and optimize Java fleets and provide actionable intelligence. It applies the customers’ cloud infrastructure toward optimizing execution and to gain cost efficiencies. It aims to help IT and…
SapMachine is an OpenJDK released maintained and supported by SAP. The user can replace the in-build JAVA Support from the SAP HANA Studio with SapMachine. It is used to build and maintain a SAP supported version of OpenJDK for SAP customers and partners who wish to use OpenJDK…
IBM Semeru Runtime is a no-cost solution for developing and running Java applications. They are are free production-ready binaries built with the OpenJDK class libraries and the Eclipse OpenJ9 JVM, which delivers the power to run Java applications.
Learn More About Java Technologies
What are Java Technologies?
Java technologies cover the ecosystem of products that support the Java development environment and its runtime world. Java is a secure object-oriented programming language that is readily portable and used for everything from developing mission-critical applications and rich web applications to running millions of mobile and medical devices, computers, and gaming consoles. It is described as a write once, run anywhere (WORA) language.
Java technologies are deployed by enterprise organizations to support their Java IT infrastructure and application development activities. They include three major components: Java Development Kits, Java Runtime Environments, and Java Virtual Machines.
Java Development Kits (JDKs) support the coding of Java applications and applets. They can run on Windows, Linux, Solaris, and macOS and include compilers and debuggers. They include JREs, which are required to run Java programs.
Java Runtime Environments (JREs) include the necessary resources to run Java programs, including class libraries, class loaders, and JVMs.
Java Virtual Machines (JVMs) execute Java programs. JVMs provide platform independence when running Java code. They include a just-in-time (JIT) compiler for faster execution performance.
Platforms and Variants
The OpenJDK project is an open-source implementation of Java that supports many commercial and open-source products. Oracle also maintains and offers the following specialized builds of Java:
Java SE (Standard Edition) is used to develop APIs, desktop, web, mobile, iOS, and Android applications.
Java EE (Enterprise Edition) is used to build distributed computing, web services, and large-scale applications such as those used by finance, eCommerce, and accounting companies.
Java ME (Micro Edition) is used to run mobile phones, IoT devices, and other devices.
Java JMS (Java Management Service) monitors, manages, and reports on Java performance in the cloud or on-premises.
Java Card Technology enables smart cards and chips to host multiple Java applications.
Java Technologies Features
Java technologies include many of the following features.
- Development and coding tools
- Compliers
- Debuggers
- Application launchers
- Class libraries and loaders
- Runtime environments
- Monitoring
- Reporting
- Analytics and operational intelligence
- Optimization
- Security updates
- Platform independence
- Windows, Linux, macOS, and Solaris installations
- Cloud or on-premises implementation
- IDE integrations
Java Technologies Comparison
Consider the following when purchasing Java technologies.
Oracle vs. Commercial Open-Source vs. Open-Source Products
Use Case: To ensure high performance, stability, and security for mission-critical commercial use, either Oracle or commercial open-source platforms such as Azul would be recommended.
Cost: Oracle and commercial open-source Java platforms charge licensing fees for their products. Free open-source versions (OpenJDK) are available.
Features: Oracle and other commercial Java products offer more features than free open-source products.
Support: Both Oracle and commercial open-source Java vendors provide tech support. Free open-source Java users rely on the open-source community for any support needs.
Other Considerations
Scope: Java Runtime Environments (JREs) can be stand-alone installations deployed for executing applications without requiring a JDK.
Platform Migration: Migrating from Oracle to an open-source platform can help prevent an organization from being overly dependent on one tech vendor. Commercial open-source vendors will commonly provide migration support services.
Pricing Information
Pricing for commercial open-source products can vary greatly based on the number of core servers or the number of desktops. Final costs can range from under $1,000 to over $400,000 per year depending on the product, features, and deployment scale. Discounts are offered for large-scale installations; for enterprise organizations that can run into hundreds of thousands of dollars. There are cost-free open-source Java technologies.