In CBO’s projections, the U.S. population increases from 350 million people in 2025 to 372 million in 2055, and the average age rises. Beginning in 2033, annual deaths exceed annual births, and net immigration accounts for the growth.
CBO Blog
The federal budget deficit totaled $710 billion in the first quarter of fiscal year 2025, the CBO estimates. That amount is $200 billion more than the deficit recorded during the same period last fiscal year.
In its May 2023 budget projections for fiscal year 2024, CBO underestimated revenues by 1 percent and outlays by 6 percent. CBO’s projection of the federal budget deficit for 2024 was less than the actual amount by 1.1 percent of GDP.
CBO examines how its method for analyzing the distribution of household income differs from the Census Bureau’s method for calculating the official poverty measure. The most important differences stem from what each method counts as income.
Learn more about CBO’s work and its processes in a publication that is typically updated at the start of each Congress.
Under the Navy’s 2025 shipbuilding plan, total shipbuilding costs would average about $40 billion per year (in 2024 dollars) through 2054, CBO estimates, as the Navy built a fleet of 390 battle force ships.
Gene therapies replace or modify disease-causing genes in human cells. In this report, CBO discusses how it would estimate the budgetary effects of policies that sought to increase the use of gene therapy treatment for sickle cell disease.
CBO provides an overview of the channels through which the adoption of artificial intelligence could affect the U.S. economy and the federal budget.
CBO assesses how climate change will pose risks to the United States through its effects on economic activity, real estate and financial markets, human health, biodiversity, immigration, and national security.
CBO provides details about its latest projections of the economy through 2027. Those projections reflect economic developments and current law as of December 4, 2024.
