Historic figures: E
- Robert, Earl of Essex (1566 - 1601) - royal favourite, rebelled against Elizabeth I
- Anthony Eden (1897 - 1977) - Conservative prime minister during Suez Crisis
- Edward the Confessor (c.1003 - 1066) - Anglo-Saxon king of England
- Edward I (1239 - 1307) - medieval king of England, campaigned against Scotland, Wales
- Edward II (1284 - 1327) - medieval king of England, deposed
- Edward III (1312 - 1377) - medieval king of England at the start of the Hundred Years War
- Edward IV (1442 - 1483) - king of England, established the Yorkist dynasty
- Edward V (c.1470 - 1483) - Yorkist king of England, deposed and murdered
- Edward VI (1537 - 1553) - Tudor king of England, only son of Henry VIII
- Edward VII (1841 - 1910) - 20th century king of the United Kingdom, heir to Victoria
- Edward VIII (1894 - 1972) - 20th century king of the United Kingdom, abdicated
- Albert Einstein (1879-1955) - theoretical physicist, Nobel prize winner
- Dwight Eisenhower (1890-1969) - World War Two general, US president
- Eleanor of Aquitaine (c.1122 – 1204) - queen consort of France and later queen of England
- George Eliot (1819-1880) - 19th century female author
- Elizabeth I (1533 - 1603) - Tudor queen of England, perceived as bringing a 'golden age'
- Elizabeth II (1926-) - queen of the United Kingdom, reigning monarch
- Olaudah Equiano (c.1745 - 1797) - 18th century African writer, anti-slavery campaigner
- Erasmus (c.1466 - 1536) - Dutch writer, scholar, humanist of the Reformation
- Leif Erikson (11th century) - 11th century explorer, may have discovered the Americas