Xylidine

Xylidine can refer to any of the six isomers of xylene amine, or any mixture of them.

Contents

• Isomers of xylidine
• 2,3-xylidine
• 2,4-xylidine
• 2,5-xylidine
• 2,6-xylidine
• 3,4-xylidine
• 3,5-xylidine
• Safety
• External links
• References

The chemical formula of xylidines is C₈H₁₁N or, more descriptively, (CH₃)₂C₆H₃NH₂. The CAS number for the isomer mixture is 1300-73-8 . They are colorless solids or liquids, although commercial samples can appear yellow or darker. They are miscible with ethanol and diethyl ether and slightly soluble in water. Xylidines are used in production of pigments and dyestuffs, and various antioxidants, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, hypergolic propellants, and many other organic chemicals. ^[1]

In World War II, xylidine was an important antiknock agent in very high performance aviation gasolines. Its purpose was to permit high levels of boost pressure in multiple-stage turbochargers, and thus high power at high altitudes, without causing detonation that would destroy the engine. The high pressures brought high temperatures of inlet air, making engines prone to knock. This use and storage stabilization methods were important military secrets. ^{[2] [3]}

Isomers of xylidine

• 
  2,3-xylidine
• 
  2,4-xylidine
• 
  2,5-xylidine
• 
  2,6-xylidine
• 
  3,4-xylidine
• 
  3,5-xylidine

Safety

The U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set the legal limit (Permissible exposure limit) for xylidine exposure in the workplace as 5 ppm (25 mg/m³) skin exposure over an eight-hour workday. The U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has set a Recommended exposure limit (REL) of 2 ppm (10 mg/m³) skin exposure over an eight-hour workday. At levels of 50 ppm, xylidine is immediately dangerous to life and health. ^[4]

Their hazard and precaution phrases are H302, H312, H315, H332, H335, H351, H411P201, P202, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P281, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P312, P304+P340, P308+P313, P312, P321, P322, P330, P332+P313, P362, P363, P391, P403+P233, P405, P501.

External links

• CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards

Related Research Articles

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Dichlorophenols (DCPs) are any of several chemical compounds which are derivatives of phenol containing two chlorine atoms. There are six isomers:

The molecular formula C₈H₁₁N (molar mass: 121.18 g/mol) may refer to:

DMPEA can refer to two subclasses of substituted phenethylamines:

The molecular formula C₆H₄N₂O₅ may refer to:

The molecular formula C₅H₇NO₂ may refer to:

The molecular formula C₆H₄Cl₂O could refer to:

The molecular formula C₈H₁₀O may refer to:

The molecular formula C₇H₆O₄ may refer to:

Dinitrotoluenes could refer to one of the following compounds:

Dinitroanilines are a class of chemical compounds with the chemical formula C₆H₅N₃O₄. They are derived from both aniline and dinitrobenzenes. There are six isomers: 2,3-dinitroaniline, 2,4-dinitroaniline, 2,5-dinitroaniline, 2,6-dinitroaniline, 3,4-dinitroaniline, and 3,5-dinitroaniline.

Dimethoxyphenethylamine may refer to:

Dichloroanilines are chemical compounds which consist of an aniline ring substituted with two chlorine atoms and have the molecular formula C₆H₅Cl₂N. There are six isomers, varying in the positions of the chlorine atoms around the ring relative to the amino group. As aniline derivatives, they are named with the amino group in position 1. They are all colorless, although commercial samples can appear colored due to the presence of impurities. Several derivatives are used in the production of dyes and herbicides.

The molecular formula C₆H₅Cl₂N may refer to:

The molecular formula C₆H₅N₃O₄ may refer to:

References