Tarao language

Last updated
Tarao
Tarao Naga
Taraotrong
"Tarao" written in Meitei script.jpg
"Tarao" written in Meitei script
Native to India
Region Manipur
Ethnicity Tarao people
Native speakers
(870 cited 2000) [1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3 tro
Glottolog tara1313
ELP Tarao Naga
Lang Status 20-CR.svg
Torao is classified as Critically Endangered language by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger [3]

Tarao, Taraotrong or Tarau is an unclassified Tibeto-Burman (possibly Southern Naga) language of India. It is marginally (70%) intelligible with Chothe. [4] [ verification needed ] The speakers of this language use Meitei language as their second language (L2) according to the Ethnologue. [4]

Locations

According to the Ethnologue , Tarao is spoken in Heikakpokpi, Leishokching, and Khuringmul Laiminei villages in the Palel area of Chandel district, Manipur, as well as in Sinakeithei village of Ukhrul district, Manipur.

Singh (2011:109) [5] lists the Tarao villages as Tarao Khullen (Tarao Laimanai), Leishok Ching, Khuringmul, and Heikamul in Chandel District, Manipur. There are also about 8 families in Shajkeithel, Ukhrul District. The 2001 census reported a population of 870 Tarao people. [6]

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tangkhul people</span> Ethnic group of South Asia

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Monsang people</span> Tibeto-Burman ethno-linguistic group native to the state of Manipur, India

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kharam people</span> Ethnic group in Manipur, India

The Kharam people, also known as the Kharam Naga's, are inhabiting the Northeast Indian state of Manipur. They are recognised as a Scheduled Tribe (STs) by India. They use Meitei language as their second language (L2) according to the Ethnologue.

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Chiru is a Kuki-Chin language spoken mostly in Manipur. The Chiru population numbers approximately 8,599. It is an endangered spoken in three districts of Manipur: Senapati, Noney district of Manipur and Cachar district of Assam. Chiru has been recognized as a Scheduled Tribe of Manipur by the government of India since 1956 under "The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Orders (Amendment) Act, Act No. 63 of 1956" Dated 25 September 1956. The total population of the native speakers of Chiru is only 8599. The native speakers have high proficiency in Meitei language. The language is neither used in schools nor in radio or mass media. Older people read and write in Meitei language. The younger generation of Chiru speakers prefers Roman script.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aimol language</span> Sino-Tibetan language spoken in India

Aimol, also known as Aimual, is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken by the Aimol people of Manipur, India. It is considered endangered and has less than 9,000 speakers worldwide as per 2011 census. The speakers of this language use Meitei language as their second language (L2) according to the Ethnologue.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chothe language</span> Sino-Tibetan language spoken in India

Chothe is a Sino-Tibetan language of Kuki-Chin subgroup of northeastern India. It may be intelligible with Aimol. The speakers of this language use Meitei language as their second language (L2) according to the Ethnologue.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Purum language</span> Kuki-Chin language spoken in India

Purum is a Southern Naga language of India. Speakers consider themselves to be ethnic Naga people, rather than part of the Kuki and Chin ethnic groups. Peterson (2017) classifies Purum as part of the Northwestern branch of Kuki-Chin. According Ethnologue, Purum shares a high degree of mutual intelligibility with Kharam. The speakers of this language use Meitei language as their second language (L2) according to the Ethnologue.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Monsang language</span> Unclassified Sino-Tibetan (possibly Sino-Tibetan) language of Northeast India

Monsang is an unclassified Sino-Tibetan language spoken in the Northeast of India. Scott DeLancey, et al. (2015) classifies Monsang as a "Northwest Naga" language. The speakers of this language use Meitei language as their second language (L2) according to the Ethnologue.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Moyon language</span> Sino-Tibetan language

Moyon is a Sino-Tibetan language of Southern Naga linguistic sub branch. It is spoken by the Moyon peoples in Manipur, India and in Burma. The speakers of this language use Meitei language as their second language (L2) according to the Ethnologue.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kharam language</span> Southern Naga language of Manipur, India

Kharam is a Southern Naga language of India. Peterson (2017) classifies the closely related Purum language as part of the Northwestern branch of Kuki-Chin. According Ethnologue, Kharam shares a high degree of mutual intelligibility with Purum. The speakers of this language use Meitei language as their second language (L2) according to the Ethnologue.

Phungyar is a small town located south of Kamjong in Kamjong district, Manipur state, India. It is also the name of a sub division of the district. The town is about 50 kilometers from Ukhrul and is partially connected by National Highway 150 that connects Imphal and Kohima via Ukhrul and Jessami. The town is flanked by Khambi in the south, Loushing in the north and alang in the west. Locally, the inhabitants speak common tangkhul language and native village dialect which belongs to the Tibeto-Burman language family.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lamkang people</span> Tibeto-Burman linguistic ethnic group in Manipur

The Lamkang people, also known as the Lamkang Naga, are a Tibeto-Burman linguistic ethnic group predominantly inhabitanting the Northeast Indian state of Manipur, and some parts of Sagaing Region in Myanmar. They are recognised as a Scheduled Tribe (STs) by India. They use Meitei language as their second language (L2) according to the Ethnologue.

The Taraos are one of the lesser-known tribes of Manipur mostly settled in Chandel district of Manipur. They use Meitei language as their second language (L2) according to the Ethnologue.

References

  1. Tarao at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. DeLancey, Scott; Krishna Boro; Linda Konnerth1; Amos Teo. 2015. Tibeto-Burman Languages of the Indo-Myanmar borderland. 31st South Asian Languages Analysis Roundtable, 14 May 2015
  3. Moseley, Christopher; Nicolas, Alexander, eds. (2010). Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (PDF) (3rd ed.). Paris: UNESCO. pp. 43–47. ISBN   978-92-3-104096-2. Archived from the original on 23 July 2022.
  4. 1 2 "Meitei | Ethnologue". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2023-05-03.
  5. Singh, Ch. Yashawanta. 2011. "Linguistic Ecology of Tarao." In Singh, Shailendra Kumar (ed). Linguistic Ecology of Manipur. Guwahati: EBH Publishers.
  6. "Did you know Tarao Naga is endangered?". Endangered Languages. Retrieved 2023-05-12.