Russell M. Perry | |
|---|---|
| Oklahoma Secretary of Economic Development and Special Affairs | |
| In office May 2000 –May 2001 | |
| Governor | Frank Keating |
| Preceded by | Himself as Secretary of Commerce |
| Succeeded by | Post abolished Kathy Taylor as Secretary of Commerce |
| Oklahoma Secretary of Commerce | |
| In office 1999–2000 | |
| Governor | Frank Keating |
| Preceded by | Howard Barnett Jr. |
| Succeeded by | Himself as Secretary of Economic Development and Special Affairs |
| Personal details | |
| Political party | Republican |
| Residence(s) | Oklahoma City,Oklahoma |
| Occupation | Businessman |
| Website | Perry Publishing and Broadcasting Company |
Russell M. Perry is an American businessman,banker,publisher,and broadcaster from Oklahoma. Perry served as the Oklahoma Secretary of Commerce from 1999 to 2000,having been appointed by governor of Oklahoma Frank Keating. Perry was the first African American to hold that position. After being nominated by Keating,Perry was never confirmed by the Oklahoma Senate. Perry's appointment became a central issue in the 2001 Oklahoma Supreme Court case Keating v. Edmondson .
Perry started the Black Chronicle in 1979,a statewide newspaper based out of Oklahoma City,Oklahoma that focuses on the African community in Oklahoma. At the same time,Perry founded and become the President of Perry Publishing and Broadcasting Company,which is a print media,cable television and radio broadcasting corporation. Perry Publishing owns radio stations KVSP and KRMP in Oklahoma City,and KJMM and KGTO in Tulsa
Perry would later come to own the controlling interest in First Security Bank of Oklahoma City.
In 1999,following the resignation of Howard Barnett Jr.,Governor of Oklahoma Frank Keating appointed Perry to serve as his third Oklahoma Secretary of Commerce,making Perry the first African American to ever serve in that position.
Perry served as Secretary in an unconfirmed basis while his Governor Keating sent his nomination to the Oklahoma Senate. Initially Perry's nomination was set to be heard by Senate Economic Development Committee,where the nominations of Dean Werries,Ron Rosenfeld and Howard Barnett Jr. (Keating's former Secretaries of Commerce) had been heard. However,President pro tempore of the Oklahoma Senate Stratton Taylor (at the request of State Senator Angela Monson) transferred his nomination to the Senate Finance Committee,which Senator Monson chaired. Though 10 members of the 15 member committee favored Perry's appointment,Senator Monson blocked the nomination by never allowing it to be heard before the Finance Committee. Ultimately,the Oklahoma Senate adjourned without ever hearing Perry's nomination.
Governor Keating and Perry claimed that the reason Perry's nomination was not heard was because he was a conservative Republican African American. They claimed that the move was done at the request of the Legislative Black Caucus,all member of which were Democrats. Senator Monson,however,said that Perry's salary as Commerce Secretary would cost the State too much and be duplicative.
After Perry spent a year in political limbo,in May 2000 Governor Keating issued executive order 2000–11 which abolished the position of Secretary of Commerce and established the position of Secretary of Economic Development and Special Affairs. Keating then nominated Perry to the new position,which Perry would serve in on a voluntary basis.
On June 8,2000,Senator Monson submitted a request for an official opinion to Attorney General of Oklahoma Drew Edmondson concerning Keating's actions. Edmondson issued Attorney General Opinion 2000–54 on October 26,2000,in which Edmondson found Keating's actions against the provisions of the Executive Branch Reform Act of 1986. Governor Keating then filed a petition on October 27,2000,in Oklahoma County District Court to overturn Edmondson's opinion. After hearing oral arguments,the trial judge upheld the Attorney General's opinion.
On December 29,2000,Keating appealed a single issue –whether a Governor is empowered to reorganize the executive cabinet throughout the term of office. The appeal was sent to the Oklahoma Supreme Court for consideration.
In May 2001,Keating withdraw Perry's nomination for consideration as Economic Development Secretary and instead appointed Perry as his Special Adviser for Economic Development,which is a non-cabinet-level post.
The Supreme Court decided the case of Keating v. Edmondson on December 4, 2001. In a unanimous decision, the Court rejected the Governor's appeal and upheld Edmondson's opinion. Chief Justice Rudolph Hargrave authored the majority opinion and was joined by Justices Watt, Hodges, Lavender, Opala, Kauger, Summers, and Boudreau. Justice Winchester wrote a concurring opinion to the majority. Noting that the legislative intent was clear and not ambiguous, the Court rejected the Governor's position and found that state law provided the Governor no power to alter Cabinet positions at will.
In 2006, Perry was inducted into the Oklahoma Association of Broadcasters Hall of Fame. Perry was inducted into the Oklahoma Hall of Fame in 2013.
Francis Anthony Keating II is an American attorney and politician who served as the 25th governor of Oklahoma from 1995 to 2003.
Ebenezer Rockwood Hoar was an American politician, lawyer, and jurist from Massachusetts. He served as U.S. Attorney General from 1869 to 1870, and was the first head of the newly created Department of Justice. Hoar assisted President Ulysses S. Grant in appointing two United States Supreme Court justices and was himself nominated to the Court. His nomination was rejected by the United States Senate, in part for his positions on patronage reform. In 1871, Hoar was appointed by Grant to the United States high commission that negotiated the Treaty of Washington between the U.S. and the United Kingdom, helping to settle the Alabama Claims.
Fred Roy Harris is an American academic, author, and former politician who served as a Democratic member of the United States Senate from Oklahoma.
William Andrew Edmondson is an American lawyer and politician from the state of Oklahoma. A member of the Democratic Party, Edmondson served as the 16th Attorney General of Oklahoma from 1995 to 2011. Prior to his election as state attorney general, he served as district attorney for Muskogee County, Oklahoma, from 1983 to 1992. He was defeated twice in campaigns for U.S. Congress in Oklahoma's 2nd congressional district, where his father Ed Edmondson served from 1953 to 1973.
Donny Ray Willett is a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. He was previously appointed by Texas Governor Rick Perry to serve as a justice of the Supreme Court of Texas on August 24, 2005, when former Justice Priscilla Owen created a vacancy on that court by joining the Fifth Circuit.
The Attorney General of Oklahoma is the State Attorney General for the state of Oklahoma. The attorney general serves as the chief legal and law enforcement officer of the State of Oklahoma and head of the Office of the Oklahoma Attorney General. The attorney general is responsible for providing legal advice to the other departments and agencies of the executive branch, legislative branch and judicial branch of the state government. The attorney general is also responsible for the prosecution of offenses against Oklahoma law and advocate for the basic legal rights of Oklahoma residents.
The Oklahoma Senate is the upper house of the two houses of the Legislature of Oklahoma, the other being the Oklahoma House of Representatives. The total number of senators is set at 48 by the Oklahoma Constitution.
The government of the U.S. State of Oklahoma, established by the Oklahoma Constitution, is a republican democracy modeled after the federal government of the United States. The state government has three branches: the executive, legislative, and judicial. Through a system of separation of powers or "checks and balances," each of these branches has some authority to act on its own, some authority to regulate the other two branches, and has some of its own authority, in turn, regulated by the other branches.
The Cabinet of the governor of Oklahoma is a body of the most senior appointed officials of the executive branch of the government of Oklahoma. Originally an informal meeting between the governor of Oklahoma and various government officials, the Governor's Cabinet has evolved into an important information link between the governor and the various agencies, boards and commissions that operate within state government.
Colonel Norman A. Lamb, USA (ret.), was an American soldier and politician from Enid in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. Lamb served as the Oklahoma Secretary of Veterans Affairs from 1995 to 2011, having been originally appointed by Governor of Oklahoma Frank Keating and retained under Governor Brad Henry.
Keating v. Edmondson, 2001 OK 110, 37 P.3d 882 (2001), was an Oklahoma Supreme Court case that ruled that the Governor of Oklahoma could not alter the structure of his Cabinet without the approval of the Legislature. The case was primarily concerned with the Governor–Legislature relation. The case is unique because the two parties in the case were both state-wide elected officials:
Susan Pia Graber is an American attorney and jurist. She is a Senior United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. A native of Oklahoma, she was the 90th justice of the Oregon Supreme Court from 1990 to 1998. She served on the Oregon Court of Appeals from 1988 to 1990.
The Executive Branch Reform Act of 1986 is an Oklahoma state law that requires the Governor of Oklahoma to organize the various 500 or more departments, agencies, boards, commissions and other entities of the state's executive branch into a cabinet system. The act grouped state agencies into clusters with an informational link to a cabinet secretary. But the legislation stopped short of consolidating agencies or the decision-making authority of the agencies, boards and commissions.
Lucy Haeran Koh is an American lawyer and jurist serving as a U.S. circuit judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. She is the first Korean American woman to serve on a federal appellate court in the United States. Koh previously served as a U.S. district judge of the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California from 2010 to 2021. She also served as a California state court judge of the Santa Clara County Superior Court from 2008 to 2010.
Donald Trump assumed office as President of the United States on January 20, 2017, and his term ended on January 20, 2021. The president has the authority to nominate members of his Cabinet to the United States Senate for confirmation under the Appointments Clause of the United States Constitution.
Leonard Steven Grasz is an American attorney and jurist serving as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit.
Ada Elene Brown is a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas. She is a former trial judge of the Dallas County courts and a former Justice of the Fifth Court of Appeals of Texas. She is the first African-American woman federal judge nominated by President Donald Trump and confirmed by the Senate. She is also the first African American woman to sit as a federal judge in the 140- year-history of the Northern District of Texas. A citizen of the Choctaw Nation, Brown is also one of six actively serving Native American federal judges of 673 federal district court judges. When appointed to the federal bench, Brown became the only woman judge in the 233-year history of the Choctaw Nation to serve as a federal judge.
