Roland Jupiter-8

Last updated
Jupiter-8
Roland Jupiter-8 Synth, 1983 (white bg).jpg
Manufacturer Roland Corporation
Dates1981–1985
Price¥980,000 JPY
$5295 US
£3995 GBP
Technical specifications
Polyphony 8 voices
Timbrality 2
Oscillator 2 VCOs per voice
LFO 1 triangle/square/sawtooth/random
Synthesis type analog subtractive
Filter 12 or 24 dB/octave [1] resonant lowpass,
non-resonant highpass
1 ADSR envelope for VCF
Attenuator 1 ADSR envelope for VCA
Aftertouch expression No
Velocity expressionNo
Storage memory64 patches
Effects None
Input/output
Keyboard 61 keys
External controlDCB (on later models)

The Jupiter-8, or JP-8, is an eight-voice polyphonic analog subtractive synthesizer introduced by Roland Corporation in early 1981.

Contents

The Jupiter-8 was Roland's flagship synthesizer for the first half of the 1980s. Approximately 3,300 units have been produced. [2] Although it lacked the soon-to-be standard of MIDI control, later production series of the Jupiter-8 did include Roland's proprietary DCB interface. The instrument had many advanced features for its time, including the ability to split the keyboard into two zones, with separate patches active on each zone. Two years after the release of the Jupiter-8, Roland released the more affordable Jupiter-6 synthesizer with built-in MIDI control but an otherwise slightly reduced set of features.

In 2011, three decades after the release of the original Jupiter series, Roland released the fully digital Jupiter-80 and Jupiter-50 synthesizers as successors to the 1980s originals. They were in turn succeeded by the Jupiter-X and Jupiter-Xm in 2019. [3] A Jupiter-8 plug-out was included already installed on the Roland System-8 synthesizer, in 2017. [4] [5]

Features and architecture

The Jupiter-8 is an 8-voice polyphonic analog synthesizer. Each voice features two discrete VCOs with cross-modulation and sync, pulse-width modulation, a non-resonant high-pass filter, a resonant Low-pass filter with 2-pole (12 dB/octave) and 4-pole (24 dB/octave) settings, an LFO with variable waveforms and routings, and two envelope generators (one invertible).

Features include adjustable polyphonic portamento and a hold function for infinite sustain of notes and arpeggios. A versatile arpeggiator can be synchronized with external equipment by using the proprietary Roland DCB interface, clock input via CV jacks on the rear panel. An assignable bender can be used to control pitch or filter frequency.

The Jupiter-8 includes balanced XLR outputs as well as unbalanced 1/4" outputs for the ”Upper” and ”Lower” presets in Split mode. In addition to monophonic and polyphonic modes, the Jupiter-8 includes a unique polyphonic unison mode, in which all 16 oscillators can be stacked onto one note, but divide down if more keys are pressed. No other polyphonic synthesizer at the time had this feature.

A Zilog Z80 CPU was used for managing storage of patches, scanning the keyboard and front-panel controls for changes, displaying the current patch number and other information on the display and taking care of the auto-tune function, among other operations. [6] The VCF was based on the custom Roland IR3109 IC (also used in the filter circuits of the Jupiter-6, later Jupiter-4 and Promars units, MKS-80 rev 4, Juno-6/Juno-60/Juno-106, SH-101, MC-202, JX-3P and packaged in the 80017a chip used in the Juno-106 and MKS-30, among others). The VCA was the BA662, used also in Juno-6/60/106, JX-3P and TB-303. The envelopes were generated in hardware by the Roland IR3R01 chip (also in the Juno 6/60), and are much faster (1ms attack) than the software-generated envelopes used in the later Jupiter-6, Juno-106 and MKS-80 "Super Jupiter".

Reliability

There are claims that early models had unstable tuning, mainly due to DAC board resolution. Beginning with serial number 171700, the 12-bit DAC was upgraded to a 14-bit DAC. This increased the resolution of the CV voltages that control the analog circuitry. The soldered-in battery typically lasts ten years or more, ranking these boards among the lowest-maintenance of their generation.

In the present day

The wide range of sounds that the Jupiter-8 can produce, the efficient front panel layout (each synthesizer sound parameter adjustment had its own dedicated controller), and its sturdy construction, make the Jupiter-8 a venerable and desirable instrument even 35 years after it was first produced. Units in good condition still fetch significantly more at auction than most new synthesizers, suggesting that the Jupiter-8 will continue to be heard for years to come. While the characteristic sound of the Jupiter-8 can be heard on many songs from the early 1980s onward, it is still being recorded to this day. For example, Alicia Keys can be seen playing one in the video for her number one hit "No One" from September 2007.

Jupiter changes and successors

The Roland JP-08 copies the Jupiter-8 voice architecture Roland Boutique JP-08 Synthesizer.jpg
The Roland JP-08 copies the Jupiter-8 voice architecture

Throughout the production of the JP-8 there were several changes. Starting at serial #171700 the D/A converter on the Interface board was changed from 12-bit to 14-bit. This change was made mainly to improve tuning stability. The problem with the 12-bit digital-to-analog converter on the original JP-8 is that it could cause the autotune to be inaccurate in some instances. Some say to avoid these early JP-8's while others say they haven't experienced tuning problems. Starting at serial #242750 the LEDs of the display were changed to brighter ones. Starting at serial #282880 the JP-8 came standard with a DCB port. These newer JP-8's may be referred to as JP-8A's. DCB, or Digital Control Bus, was Roland's pre-MIDI interface that allowed the JP-8 to talk to other DCB enabled hardware, such as the Roland MC-4 and MC-8 microcomposers. Previous JP-8's had the option of having the OC-8 retrofit installed to give it DCB capability.

The Jupiter-6 was released 2 years after the JP-8 and was an attempt at more affordable version of Roland's flagship. It features a similar voice architecture and appearance. It stored fewer patches, and had six voices. In order to make it cheaper to manufacture, a move towards integrated circuits (Curtis) was made, to replace discrete circuits used in JP-8's oscillators and amplifiers. The JP-6 is built using CEM3340 chip for its oscillators, and CEM3360 for its voltage controlled amplifiers. These changes imparted a change in sonic character, meaning that the JP-6 is not simply a less-expensive version of the JP-8, but an instrument with its own distinct sound. Additionally, the Jupiter-6 features a true multimode resonant filter, built-in MIDI, unison detune function and the ability to activate multiple waveforms on a single oscillator.

The Roland MKS-80 Super Jupiter is a MIDI-controlled, rack-mountable sound module with a similar voice architecture to the Jupiter-8. However, its first released incarnation in 1984 (revision 3 and 4) used hardware similar to its predecessor, the Jupiter-6 (which had a combination of Curtis VCO and VCA chips combined with Roland's own proprietary filters). In 1985, Roland released another revision of the MKS-80, known as Rev 5, which used different VCO, VCA and filter circuits. As a result, the MKS-80 Rev 5 can sound a bit different from its predecessors. The Rev 5 filter was also used in the JX-8P, JX-10 and MKS-70 synthesizers.

At the 2007 NAMM show, French music software manufacturer Arturia announced, and subsequently released a software Jupiter-8 called Jupiter-8V. A 2007 review in Sound on Sound stated, "8V sounds much like Jupiter 8, but does a zillion things that the original could not." [7] The Jupiter-8V is available in VST, AU, RTAS and AAX plugin formats.

The Roland VariOS provides a mildly successful digital approximation of the Jupiter-8 using its "Varios-8" software.

In 2011, Roland released the JUPITER-80 and JUPITER-50, which inherit much of the visual style of the Jupiter-8 and include Roland's SuperNATURAL, an extensive synthesis engine that includes virtual analog synthesis akin to a digital recreation of earlier Roland analog synths, as well as PCM-based recreations of purely digital synths by the company and acoustic modelling of real instruments. Emulations of the original Jupiter-8 sounds were later released as a software instrument for both keyboards on Roland Axial as part of the Synth Legends series. [8]

On October 1, 2015, Roland released the Boutique line of compact synthesizers, which includes the JP-08 unit which has the same parameters and sound design as the Roland Jupiter-8. It uses Roland's ACB technology (Analog Circuit Behavior), which emulates the behavior of each single component of the original Jupiter-8 circuit. [9] [10] However, the JP-08 has only half the polyphony of the Jupiter-8, with 4 voices. An evolution of the JP-08, closer to the original Jupiter-8 with 8 voices, was released in 2017 as plug-out synthesizer bundled as standard with the SYSTEM-8. [11]

In 2019, Roland released the Jupiter-X and Jupiter-Xm. [3]

In 2021, Black Corporation announced their ISE-NIN synthesizer, which is based on and inspired by the Jupiter-8. [12] [13]

Notable users

Notable users of the Roland Jupiter-8.

In alphabetical order (by given name or group name):

[lower-alpha 7]

Notes

  1. ↑ "Jonathan Cain on Instagram: "The Separate Ways synth lives from 1983! Roland Jupiter 8 #TBT #synth #legacy #journey"". Archived from the original on 2021-12-24.
  2. ↑ Stephen Fortner (8 August 2023). "Vince Clarke and Martin Gore Supplement May 2012". Keyboard (28 Mar 2012). As promised in the cover story to our May 2012 issue, here's a slide show of all the enviable synths in Vince Clarke's Cabin Studio, followed by a complete gear list. ... ROLAND JUPITER-8 ...
  3. ↑ Mitchell Sigman (8 August 2023). "Duran Duran39s 39Hungry Like The Wolf39". Keyboard (1 May 2010). ... Let's make the signature arpeggio of "Hungry Like The Wolf," originally played on a Roland Jupiter-8 and recreated here using Arturia's Jupiter-8V soft synth. ...
  4. ↑ "Roland Boutique JP-08 Sonic Lab Review". YouTube . Archived from the original on 2021-12-12.
  5. ↑ Jon Regen (8 August 2023). "Duran Duran". Keyboard (24 Aug 2011). Was that the original Jupiter-8 unit from Duran Duran's heyday? / ... But another thing I love about them is that each one sounds slightly different. On some of the new album I actually use the Jupiter-8 I recorded "Rio" on, and on other tracks I use the one I didn't use until The Wedding Album.
  6. ↑ "Michael Jackson Keyboard Sounds of His Signature Songs Then and Now". Keyboard (1 Sep 2009). 8 August 2023. The big synth blasts that begin "Thriller." A Roland Jupiter-8 in double four-voice mode, with the modulation "wheel" opening the filter. ...
  7. ↑ Pattison, Louis (10 April 2010). "Charanjit Singh, acid house pioneer". The Guardian . In 1982, ... he went into the studio with some new kit — a Roland Jupiter-8 keyboard, a Roland TR-808 drum machine and a Roland TB-303 — and decided to make a record that combined western dance music with the droning ragas of Indian classical music. Recorded in two days, Ten Ragas To A Disco Beat garnered some interest, ...
  8. ↑ "Tangerine Dream: Changing Use Of Technology, Part 2: 1977-1994". Sound on Sound (January 1995). During the late 1970s, Chris Franke made important connections with Oberheim and Sequential Circuits, the American distributors of Roland. He also went to Japan and helped design the Jupiter 8.
  9. ↑ Tangerine Dream. Poland (inner sleeve of record two). Tangerine Dream. Jive Electro. 1984. HIP 22. On this record the following stage equipment was used: Christoph Franke: [Prophet 5, Prophet 600, Prophet 1, E-mu Emulator, E-mu Custom Programmable Synth, Moog Custom Programmable Synth, MTI Synthergy, PE Polyrhythmic Sequencer, Compulab Digital Sequencer, Syntec Custom Digital Drum Computer, Simmons, Drum Modules, Quantec Room Simulator, Roland SDE 3000, Hill Multi-Mixer], Edgar Froese: [Yamaha DX7, Yamaha YP30, Jupiter 8, Jupiter 6, Prophet 5, PPG Wave 2.2, PE Polyrhythmic Sequencer, EEH CM 4 Digital Sequencer, DMX Oberheim Digital Drums, PE Custom Trigger Selector, Publison DHM 89 B2, Publison KB 2000, Korg SDD 3000 Delay, Roland SDE MIDI/DCB Interfaces, Quantec Room Simulator, Canproduct Mixer]. Johannes Schmoelling: [Jupiter 8, PPG Wave 2.3 Waveterm, EEH CM 4 Digital Sequencer, Bohm Digital Drums, Roland TR 808 Drums, Mini Moog, Korg MonoPoly, Roland SDE 3000 Delay, Canproduct Mixer, MXR 01 Digital Reverb, MXR Digital Delay, Boss Overdrive/Flanger].{{cite AV media notes}}: External link in |type= (help)CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  10. ↑ "Roland's Jupiter family yielded one or two shining examples of what an analogue polysynth should be. GORDON REID planet rocks... [THE TWILIGHT OF THE GODS]". Sound On Sound . February 1998. Archived from the original on 2004-04-10. The popularity of the JP8 ... it still numbered users such as Mark Kelly (Marillion), Patrick Moraz (with the Moody Blues), Roland Orzabal (Tears for Fears), Peter Vetesse (Jethro Tull), John Beck (It Bites) and Steve Gray (Sky) among a long list of aficionados and endorsees.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Analog synthesizer</span> Synthesizer that uses analog circuits

An analog synthesizer is a synthesizer that uses analog circuits and analog signals to generate sound electronically.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roland JX-3P</span> Analog synthesizer

The Roland JX-3P is a synthesizer produced by Roland Corporation of Japan from 1983–1985. The "3P" in its name refers to "Programmable Preset Polyphonic". It is notable as one of the company's first synthesizers to incorporate a MIDI interface.

The Roland Jupiter-6 (JP-6) is a discontinued synthesizer, manufactured and introduced by the Roland Corporation in January 1983.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yamaha CS-80</span> Synthesizer made by Yamaha in 1977

The Yamaha CS-80 is an analog synthesizer introduced by Yamaha Corporation in 1977. It supports true 8-voice polyphony, with two independent synthesizer layers per voice each with its own set of front panel controls, in addition to a number of hardwired preset voice settings and four parameter settings stores based on banks of subminiature potentiometers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roland Jupiter-4</span> Polyphonic analog synthesizer

The Roland Jupiter-4 (JP-4) was an analog synthesizer manufactured by the Roland Corporation between 1978 and 1981. It was notable as the company's first self-contained polyphonic synthesizer, and for employing digital control of analog circuits, allowing for such features as programmable memory, voice assignment modes, an arpeggiator, polyphonic portamento and others.

An analog modeling synthesizer is a synthesizer that generates the sounds of traditional analog synthesizers using digital signal processing components and software algorithms. Analog modeling synthesizers simulate the behavior of the original electronic circuitry in order to digitally replicate their tone.

The Roland Juno-106 is a synthesizer released by Roland Corporation in February 1984.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roland Juno-60</span> Synthesizer

The RolandJuno-60 is an analog synthesizer manufactured by the Roland Corporation between 1982 and 1984. It followed the Juno-6, an almost identical synthesizer released months earlier. The Juno synthesizers introduced Roland's digitally controlled oscillators, allowing for greatly improved tuning stability over its competitors.

Arturia is a French electronics company founded in 1999 and based in Grenoble, France. The company designs and manufactures audio interfaces and electronic musical instruments, including software synthesizers, drum machines, analog synthesizers, digital synthesizers, MIDI controllers, sequencers, and mobile apps.

The Korg Poly-61(PS-61) is an analog synthesizer manufactured by Korg between 1982 and 1986. It was the first affordable synthesizer to feature two oscillators per voice, and was Korg's first synthesizer to feature digitally-controlled analog oscillators (DCOs). The Poly-61 marked a significant departure in design philosophy from previous Korg synthesizers by replacing the traditional array of dedicated control knobs on the front panel with a digital interface that required users to select parameters individually for adjustment.

The Korg Polysix(PS-6) is a six-voice polyphonic analog synthesizer released by Korg in 1981. It was one of the first affordable polyphonic synthesizers on the market, and was released as a cheaper alternative to the Sequential Prophet-5 and Oberheim OB-X, priced at approximately a third of the cost of its contemporaries in the polysynth market. It includes one VCO per voice, enhanced by a chorus/ensemble effect for added richness. It also comes equipped with 32 program memories and an integrated arpeggiator.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Digital Control Bus</span>

DCB was a proprietary data interchange interface by Roland Corporation, developed in 1981 and introduced in 1982 in their Roland Juno-60 and Roland Jupiter-8 products. DCB functions were basically the same as MIDI, but unlike MIDI, DCB could provide note on/off, program change and VCF/VCA control only. DCB-to-MIDI adapters were produced for a number of early Roland products. The DCB interface was made in 2 variants, the earlier one used 20-pin sockets and cables, later switching to the 14-pin Amphenol DDK connector vaguely resembling a parallel port.

The Roland JX-10 Super JX is a 12-voice analog synthesizer keyboard produced by Roland Corporation from 1986 to 1989, along with a rack-mounted version, the MKS-70. For nearly 30 years, it was the last true analog synthesizer made by Roland and has been critically acclaimed as one of their classic analog instruments. In 2015, Roland once again started producing analog synthesizers beginning with their JD-XA and JD-Xi keyboards as analog/digital crossover synthesizers. The design on the JX-10 is essentially two Roland JX-8P synthesizers put together, with a 76-note velocity-sensitive keyboard with aftertouch. It also includes features not found on the JX-8P, including a simple 1-track sketchbook sequencer and a delay effect. However, the JX-10 is not exactly the same as "two JX-8P's" because the chorus is not identical to the JX-8P. The JX-10 also has a slightly different amplifier section as well as different electronic components which further distinguish its sound from its predecessor, the JX-8P.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roland JX-8P</span>

Roland JX-8P is a 61-key, velocity- and aftertouch-sensitive, six-note polyphonic, almost entirely analog synthesizer released by Roland in 1985. In a time of rising popularity of digital frequency modulation synthesizers, such as Yamaha DX7, JX-8P was marketed as the best of both worlds: while it was possible to create classic analog synth sounds, several new modulation parameters and redesigned hardware enabled it to produce certain types of sounds associated with FM synthesis, such as metallic percussive sounds. Likewise, traditional hands-on controls were replaced with a Yamaha DX7-style interface with membrane buttons and one "edit" slider.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Synthesizer</span> Electronic musical instrument

A synthesizer is an electronic musical instrument that generates audio signals. Synthesizers typically create sounds by generating waveforms through methods including subtractive synthesis, additive synthesis and frequency modulation synthesis. These sounds may be altered by components such as filters, which cut or boost frequencies; envelopes, which control articulation, or how notes begin and end; and low-frequency oscillators, which modulate parameters such as pitch, volume, or filter characteristics affecting timbre. Synthesizers are typically played with keyboards or controlled by sequencers, software or other instruments, and may be synchronized to other equipment via MIDI.

The Roland MKS-80 Super Jupiter is a rack mount sound module version of the Roland Jupiter-6 and the Roland Jupiter-8 synthesizers. It is an 8-voice polyphonic analog synthesizer that was manufactured by Roland between 1984 and 1987. It is the only one of the MKS series of synthesizers to have analogue voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) instead of analogue digitally-controlled oscillators (DCOs). The voice architecture is almost identical to the Jupiter-6 synthesizer. The service manual states that "The module board of MKS-80 features the following in addition to that of JP-6, its brother module. 1) HPF. 2) Low boost circuit in the 2nd VCA. 3) DC supply current boost circuit (IC50)."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Akai AX60</span> Polyphonic analogue synthesizer

The AX60 is a polyphonic analogue keyboard synthesizer manufactured by Akai Professional in the mid-1980s. It was Akai's answer to the popular Roland Juno series synthesizers. The AX60 uses voltage-controlled analogue oscillators and filter circuitry based on the Curtis Electronics CEM 3394 integrated circuit.

The Jupiter-80 is a discontinued 256-voice polyphonic virtual analog subtractive synthesizer introduced by Roland Corporation in 2011. The Jupiter-80 is a part of Roland's flagship long-running synthesizer series, which began with the Jupiter-4 between the years of 1978 and 1981. The Jupiter-80 was shortly followed by the Jupiter-50, which is a combination of both the JP-80 and the JUNO series. It was succeeded by the Jupiter-X and Jupiter-Xm in 2019.

The Jupiter-50 is a discontinued 128 voice polyphonic digital subtractive synthesizer introduced by Roland Corporation in 2011. The Jupiter-50 is a part of Roland's flagship synthesizer series, which began with the Jupiter-4 between the years of 1978 and 1981. The Jupiter-50 is considered a hybrid/combination of both the Jupiter-80 and the JUNO series.

References

  1. ↑ "Roland's Jupiter family yielded one or two shining examples of what an analogue polysynth should be. GORDON REID planet rocks... [THE JUPITER 8]". Sound On Sound. February 1998. Archived from the original on 6 June 2015.
  2. ↑ "Roland Jupiter-8 – the grand master of synth-pop". www.greatsynthesizers.com. 25 December 2017.
  3. 1 2 "Roland revisits its classic synths in new Jupiter-X range". September 5, 2019.
  4. ↑ "Roland System-8 Reviewed - A Wolf in Jupiter's Clothing?". February 16, 2017.
  5. ↑ "Roland System 8". www.soundonsound.com.
  6. ↑ "The Roland Jupiter 8 Analog Synthesizer". Synthtopia. 2009. A Z80 CPU was used for managing storage of patches, scanning the keyboard, display, and buttons, port handling, and taking care of the auto-tune function among other things.
  7. ↑ Gordon Reid (July 2007). "Arturia Jupiter 8V". Sound On Sound. Retrieved 2014-07-03.
  8. ↑ "JUPITER Synth Legends | JUPITER-80 | Axial".
  9. ↑ "Introducing the Roland Boutique Series - Roland U.S. Blog". October 2015.
  10. ↑ "Roland officially unveils Boutique range".
  11. ↑ "Jupiter-8".
  12. ↑ Rogerson, Ben (2022-02-10). "Black Corporation's Jupiter-8-esque ISE-NIN synth is almost ready for prime time". MusicRadar. Retrieved 2022-02-13.
  13. ↑ Willings, Sam (2021-06-01). "Black Corporation reimagines the Jupiter-8 as the ISE-NIN desktop polysynth". MusicTech. Retrieved 2022-02-13.
  14. 1 2 RETRO: JUPITER-8 Archived 2019-07-30 at the Wayback Machine , Roland Corporation
  15. ↑ "Brian Transeau: Emotional Experience". Sound On Sound. December 2001. Archived from the original on 2 November 2014.
  16. ↑ 2 Q's About Keys, Duran Duran
  17. ↑ 808 (documentary film)
  18. ↑ "Nero - Artists". Insomniac . Retrieved 2022-02-14.
  19. ↑ HowardJones.com 'About' page
  20. ↑ Giorgio Moroder Gear Guide, Dolphin Music
  21. ↑ Junk Culture album sleeve / booklet credits
  22. ↑ Myers, Mark (27 February 2018). "'Being Boring': the Path to a Pop Elegy". wsj.com. Retrieved 19 May 2021.
  23. ↑ Producer Steven Lipson talking to Warren Huart about Andy Richards using the Jupiter-8 synthesizer for the song Relax, beginning minute 10:00. "Songs That Changed Music: RELAX - Frankie Goes To Hollywood with Stephen Lipson". www.youtube.com. 20 November 2022.
  24. ↑ "Ron Mael's Main Live Keyboards and Album Credits" . Retrieved 2022-01-05.
  25. ↑ "RMI ELECTRA-PIANO - The 368X electric piano keyboard model from Rocky Mount Instruments" . Retrieved 2023-02-27.
  26. ↑ Peter Manning (2013). Electronic and Computer Music. Oxford University Press. p. 264. ISBN   9780199912599.

Further reading

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.