2016 United States state legislative elections

2016 United States state legislative elections
86 legislative chambers; 44 states
	Map of upper house elections:; Democrats gained control Democrats retained control; Republicans gained control Republicans retained control; Coalition gained control Coalition retained control; Split body formed; Non-partisan legislature; No regularly-scheduled elections
	Map of lower house elections:; Democrats gained control Democrats retained control; Republicans gained control Republicans retained control; Coalition gained control; Non-partisan legislature; No regularly-scheduled elections

Last updated August 20, 2024

The 2016 United States state legislative elections were held on November 8, 2016, for 86 state legislative chambers in 44 states. Across the fifty states, approximately 65 percent of all upper house seats and 85 percent of all lower house seats were up for election. Nine legislative chambers in the five permanently-inhabited U.S. territories and the federal district of Washington, D.C. also held elections. The elections took place concurrently with several other federal, state, and local elections, including the presidential election, U.S. Senate elections, U.S. House elections, and gubernatorial elections.

Democrats won both chambers in the Nevada Legislature and the New Mexico House of Representatives, while Republicans won the Kentucky House of Representatives for the first time since 1922, the Iowa Senate, and the Minnesota Senate. The Alaska House of Representatives flipped from Republican control to a Democrat-led coalition majority, and the Connecticut State Senate went from Democratic control to tied control.^[2] Meanwhile, the New York Senate went from Republican to a Republican-led coalition.

Republicans won a trifecta in Kentucky for the first time ever.

Summary table

Regularly scheduled elections were held in 86 of the 99 state legislative chambers in the United States. Nationwide, regularly scheduled elections were held for 5,876 of the 7,383 legislative seats. Many legislative chambers held elections for all seats, but some legislative chambers that use staggered elections held elections for only a portion of the total seats in the chamber.^[3] The chambers not up for election either hold regularly scheduled elections in odd-numbered years, or have four-year terms and hold all regularly scheduled elections in presidential midterm election years.

Note that this table only covers regularly scheduled elections; additional special elections took place concurrently with these regularly scheduled elections.

State	Upper House^[3]				Lower House^[3]
State	Seats up	Total	% up	Term	Seats up	Total	% up	Term
Alabama	0	35	0	4	0	105	0	4
Alaska	10	20	50	4	40	40	100	2
Arizona	30	30	100	2	60	60	100	2
Arkansas	17	35	49	2/4^{[lower-alpha 5]}	100	100	100	2
California	20	40	50	4	80	80	100	2
Colorado	18	35	51	4	65	65	100	2
Connecticut	36	36	100	2	151	151	100	2
Delaware	11	21	52	2/4^{[lower-alpha 5]}	41	41	100	2
Florida	20	40	50	2/4^{[lower-alpha 5]}	120	120	100	2
Georgia	56	56	100	2	180	180	100	2
Hawaii	13	25	52	2/4^{[lower-alpha 5]}	51	51	100	2
Idaho	35	35	100	2	70	70	100	2
Illinois	20	59	34	2/4^{[lower-alpha 5]}	118	118	100	2
Indiana	25	50	50	4	100	100	100	2
Iowa	25	50	50	4	100	100	100	2
Kansas	40	40	100	4	125	125	100	2
Kentucky	19	38	50	4	100	100	100	2
Louisiana	0	39	0	4	0	105	0	4
Maine	35	35	100	2	151	151	100	2
Maryland	0	47	0	4	0	141	0	4
Massachusetts	40	40	100	2	160	160	100	2
Michigan	0	38	0	4	110	110	100	2
Minnesota	67	67	100	2/4^{[lower-alpha 5]}	134	134	100	2
Mississippi	0	52	0	4	0	122	0	4
Missouri	17	34	50	4	163	163	100	2
Montana	25	50	50	4	100	100	100	2
Nebraska	25^{[lower-alpha 6]}	49^{[lower-alpha 6]}	51^{[lower-alpha 6]}	4	N/A (unicameral)
Nevada	10	21	48	4	42	42	100	2
New Hampshire	24	24	100	2	400	400	100	2
New Jersey	0	40	0	2/4^{[lower-alpha 5]}	0	80	0	2
New Mexico	42	42	100	4	70	70	100	2
New York	63	63	100	2	150	150	100	2
North Carolina	50	50	100	2	120	120	100	2
North Dakota	23	47	49	4	47	94	50	4
Ohio	16	33	48	4	99	99	100	2
Oklahoma	24	48	50	4	101	101	100	2
Oregon	15	30	50	4	60	60	100	2
Pennsylvania	25	50	50	4	203	203	100	2
Rhode Island	38	38	100	2	75	75	100	2
South Carolina	46	46	100	4	124	124	100	2
South Dakota	35	35	100	2	70	70	100	2
Tennessee	16	33	48	4	99	99	100	2
Texas	16	31	52	2/4^{[lower-alpha 5]}	150	150	100	2
Utah	15	29	52	4	75	75	100	2
Vermont	30	30	100	2	150	150	100	2
Virginia	0	40	0	4	0	100	0	2
Washington	25	49	51	4	98	98	100	2
West Virginia	17	34	50	4	100	100	100	2
Wisconsin	16	33	48	4	99	99	100	2
Wyoming	15	30	50	4	60	60	100	2
Total	1281	1972	65	N/A	4595	5411	85	N/A

Electoral predictions

News sources predicted Democrats to make mild gains in state legislative control, owing to the historic lows they hit after the 2014 elections and higher predicted turnout among Democratic voters during the concurrent presidential election.^[4]^[5]

Ratings are designated as follows:

"Tossup": Competitive, no advantage
"Lean": Competitive, slight advantage
"Likely": Not competitive, but opposition could make significant gains
"Safe": Not competitive at all

State	PVI	Chamber	Last election	Governing Oct. 12, 2016^[5]	Result
Alaska	R+12	Senate	R 14–6	Likely R	R 14–6
Alaska	R+12	House of Representatives	R 23–16–1	Likely R	Coal. 22–18
Arizona	R+7	Senate	R 17–13	Lean R	R 17–13
Arizona	R+7	House of Representatives	R 36–24	Lean R	R 35–25
Arkansas	R+14	Senate	R 24–11	Safe R	R 26–9
Arkansas	R+14	House of Representatives	R 64–36	Safe R	R 73–27
California	D+9	State Senate	D 26–14	Safe D	D 27–13
California	D+9	State Assembly	D 52–28	Safe D	D 55–25
Colorado	D+1	Senate	R 18–17	Tossup	R 18–17
Colorado	D+1	House of Representatives	D 34–31	Lean D	D 37–28
Connecticut	D+7	State Senate	D 21–15	Tossup	18–18
Connecticut	D+7	House of Representatives	D 87–64	Lean D	D 80–71
Delaware	D+8	Senate	D 12–9	Safe D	D 11–10
Delaware	D+8	House of Representatives	D 25–16	Safe D	D 25–16
Florida	R+2	Senate	R 26–14	Likely R	R 25–15
Florida	R+2	House of Representatives	R 81–39	Likely R	R 79–41
Georgia	R+6	State Senate	R 38–18	Safe R	R 38–18
Georgia	R+6	House of Representatives	R 119–60–1	Safe R	R 118–62
Hawaii	D+20	Senate	D 24–1	Safe D	D 25–0
Hawaii	D+20	House of Representatives	D 43–8	Safe D	D 45–6
Idaho	R+18	Senate	R 28–7	Safe R	R 29–6
Idaho	R+18	House of Representatives	R 56–14	Safe R	R 59–11
Illinois	D+8	Senate	D 39–20	Likely D	D 37–22
Illinois	D+8	House of Representatives	D 71–47	Likely D	D 67–51
Indiana	R+5	Senate	R 40–10	Safe R	R 41–9
Indiana	R+5	House of Representatives	R 71–29	Safe R	R 70–30
Iowa	D+1	Senate	D 26–24	Lean D	R 29–20–1
Iowa	D+1	House of Representatives	R 57–43	Likely R	R 59–41
Kansas	R+12	Senate	R 32–8	Likely R	R 31–9
Kansas	R+12	House of Representatives	R 97–28	Likely R	R 85–40
Kentucky	R+13	Senate	R 26–12	Safe R	R 27–11
Kentucky	R+13	House of Representatives	D 54–46	Tossup	R 64–36
Maine	D+6	Senate	R 20–15	Tossup	R 18–17
Maine	D+6	House of Representatives	D 78–68–5	Lean D	D 77–72–2
Massachusetts	D+10	Senate	D 34–6	Safe D	D 34–6
Massachusetts	D+10	House of Representatives	D 125–35	Safe D	D 125–35
Michigan	D+4	House of Representatives	R 63–47	Lean R	R 63–47
Minnesota	D+2	Senate	D 39–28	Lean D	R 34–33
Minnesota	D+2	House of Representatives	R 72–62	Lean R	R 77–57
Missouri	R+5	Senate	R 25–9	Likely R	R 25–9
Missouri	R+5	House of Representatives	R 117–45–1	Likely R	R 117–46
Montana	R+7	Senate	R 29–21	Safe R	R 32–18
Montana	R+7	House of Representatives	R 59–41	Safe R	R 59–41
Nevada	D+2	Senate	R 11–10	Tossup	D 11–10
Nevada	D+2	Assembly	R 27–15	Lean D (flip)	D 27–15
New Hampshire	D+1	Senate	R 14–10	Tossup	R 14–10
New Hampshire	D+1	House of Representatives	R 239–160–1	Lean R	R 227–173
New Mexico	D+4	Senate	D 24–18	Lean D	D 26–16
New Mexico	D+4	House of Representatives	R 37–33	Tossup	D 38–32
New York	D+11	State Senate	R 32–31	Tossup	Coal. 39–24
New York	D+11	State Assembly	D 105–43–1–1	Safe D	D 106–43–1
North Carolina	R+3	Senate	R 34–16	Lean R	R 35–15
North Carolina	R+3	House of Representatives	R 74–46	Lean R	R 74–46
North Dakota	R+10	Senate	R 32–15	Safe R	R 38–9
North Dakota	R+10	House of Representatives	R 71–23	Safe R	R 81–13
Ohio	R+1	Senate	R 23–10	Likely R	R 24–9
Ohio	R+1	House of Representatives	R 65–34	Likely R	R 66–33
Oklahoma	R+19	Senate	R 40–8	Safe R	R 42–6
Oklahoma	R+19	House of Representatives	R 72–29	Safe R	R 75–26
Oregon	D+5	State Senate	D 18–12	Safe D	D 17–13
Oregon	D+5	House of Representatives	D 34–26	Likely D	D 35–25
Pennsylvania	D+1	State Senate	R 30–20	Likely R	R 34–16
Pennsylvania	D+1	House of Representatives	R 119–84	Likely R	R 121–82
Rhode Island	D+11	Senate	D 32–5–1	Safe D	D 33–5
Rhode Island	D+11	House of Representatives	D 63–12	Safe D	D 64–10–1
South Carolina	R+8	Senate	R 28–18	Safe R	R 28–18
South Carolina	R+8	House of Representatives	R 78–46	Safe R	R 80–44
South Dakota	R+10	Senate	R 27–8	Safe R	R 29–6
South Dakota	R+10	House of Representatives	R 58–12	Safe R	R 60–10
Tennessee	R+12	Senate	R 28–5	Safe R	R 28–5
Tennessee	R+12	House of Representatives	R 73–26	Safe R	R 74–25
Texas	R+10	Senate	R 20–11	Safe R	R 20–11
Texas	R+10	House of Representatives	R 98–52	Safe R	R 95–55
Utah	R+22	State Senate	R 24–5	Safe R	R 24–5
Utah	R+22	House of Representatives	R 63–12	Safe R	R 62–13
Vermont	D+18	Senate	D 19–9–2	Safe D	D 21–7–2
Vermont	D+18	House of Representatives	D 85–53–6–6	Safe D	D 85–53–7–7
Washington	D+5	State Senate	Coal. 26–23	Lean R	Coal. 25–24
Washington	D+5	House of Representatives	D 50–48	Lean D	D 50–48
West Virginia	R+13	Senate	R 18–16^{[lower-alpha 7]}	Lean R	R 22–12
West Virginia	R+13	House of Delegates	R 64–36	Likely R	R 63–37
Wisconsin	D+2	Senate	R 19–14	Lean R	R 20–13
Wisconsin	D+2	State Assembly	R 63–36	Lean R	R 64–35
Wyoming	R+22	Senate	R 26–4	Safe R	R 27–3
Wyoming	R+22	House of Representatives	R 51–9	Safe R	R 52–8

Maps

Upper house seats by party holding majority in each state

Republican

50–60%

60–70%

70–80%

80–90%

90–100%

Democratic

50–60%

60–70%

70–80%

80–90%

90–100%

Tie

50%

Lower house seats by party holding majority in each state
Republican
  50–60%
  60–70%
  70–80%
  80–90%
Democratic
  50–60%
  60–70%
  70–80%
  80–90%
Net changes to upper house seats after the 2016 elections
+1 Dem seat +2 Dem seats +3 Dem seats
+1 Rep seat +2 Rep seats +3–4 Rep seats +6 Rep seats
Net changes to lower house seats after the 2016 elections
     +1 Dem seat     +2 Dem seats     +3–5 Dem seats     +10–16 Dem seats
     +1 Rep seat     +2 Rep seats     +3–5 Rep seats     +6–17 Rep seats
     +1 Ind seat     +1 Prog seat

State summaries

Alaska

Half of the seats of the Alaska Senate and all of the seats of the Alaska House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. The Alaska legislature was controlled by Republicans. Republicans maintained control of the Senate, while the Alaska House of Representatives flipped to a Democratic-led coalition of Democrats, Republicans, and independents.^[6]

Alaska Senate
Party		Before	After
	Republican	14	14
	Democratic	6	6
Total		20	20

Alaska House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	12	17^{[lower-alpha 8]}	1
	Democratic	4^{[lower-alpha 9]}	17^{[lower-alpha 8]}	1
	Independent	1	2	1
	Republican	23	3	2
	Republican	23	18	2
Total		40	40

Arizona

All of the seats of the Arizona Senate and the Arizona House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans maintained a government trifecta with control of the governorship and both state legislative chambers.

Arizona Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	18	17	1
	Democratic	12	13	1
Total		30	30

Arizona House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	36	35	1
	Democratic	24	25	1
Total		60	60

Arkansas

Half of the seats of the Arkansas Senate and all of the seats of the Arkansas House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Arkansas Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	24	26	2
	Democratic	11	9	2
Total		35	35

Arkansas House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	64	73	9
	Democratic	35	27	8
	Independent	1	0	1
Total		100	100

California

Half of the seats of the California State Senate and all of the seats of the California State Assembly were up for election in 2016. Democrats held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

California State Senate
Party		Before	After
	Democratic	27	27
	Republican	13	13
Total		40	40

California State Assembly
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	52	55	3
	Republican	28	25	3
Total		80	80

Colorado

Half of the seats of the Colorado Senate and all of the seats of the Colorado House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Democrats held control of the state House and Republicans maintained control of the state Senate.

Colorado Senate
Party		Before	After
	Republican	18	18
	Democratic	17	17
Total		35	35

Colorado House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	34	37	3
	Republican	31	28	3
Total		65	65

Connecticut

All of the seats of the Connecticut State Senate and the Connecticut House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Democrats held control of the state House, while the state Senate went from Democratic to evenly split.

Connecticut State Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	21	18	3
	Republican	15	18	3
Total		36	36

Connecticut House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	87	80	7
	Republican	64	71	7
Total		151	151

Delaware

Half of the seats of the Delaware Senate and all of the seats of the Delaware House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Democrats held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Delaware Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	12	11	1
	Republican	9	10	1
Total		21	21

Delaware House of Representatives
Party		Before	After
	Democratic	25	25
	Republican	16	16
Total		41	41

Florida

Half of the seats of the Florida Senate and all of the seats of the Florida House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Florida Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	26	25	1
	Democratic	14	15	1
Total		40	40

Florida House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	81	79	2
	Democratic	39	41	2
Total		120	120

Georgia

All of the seats of the Georgia State Senate and the Georgia House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Georgia State Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	39	38	1
	Democratic	17	18	1
Total		56	56

Georgia House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	118	118
	Democratic	61	62	1
	Independent	1	0	1
Total		180	180

Hawaii

Half of the seats of the Hawaii Senate and all of the seats of the Hawaii House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Democrats held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Hawaii Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	24	25	1
	Republican	1	0	1
Total		25	25

Hawaii House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	44	45	1
	Republican	7	6	1
Total		51	51

Idaho

All of the seats of the Idaho Senate and the Idaho House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Idaho Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	28	29	1
	Democratic	7	6	1
Total		35	35

Idaho House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	56	59	3
	Democratic	14	11	3
Total		70	70

Illinois

One-third of the seats of the Illinois Senate and all of the seats of the Illinois House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Democrats held control of both chambers.

Illinois Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	39	37	2
	Republican	20	22	2
Total		59	59

Illinois House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	71	67	4
	Republican	47	51	4
Total		118	118

Indiana

Half of the seats of the Indiana Senate and all of the seats of the Indiana House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Indiana Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	40	41	1
	Democratic	10	9	1
Total		50	50

Indiana House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	71	70	1
	Democratic	29	30	1
Total		100	100

Iowa

Half of the seats of the Iowa Senate and all of the seats of the Iowa House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans held control of the state House, and won the state Senate thereby establishing a government trifecta.

Iowa Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	23	29	6
	Democratic	26	20	6
	Independent	1	1
Total		50	50

Iowa House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	57	59	2
	Democratic	43	41	2
Total		100	100

Kansas

All of the seats of the Kansas Senate and the Kansas House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans held control of both chambers.

Kansas Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	32	31	1
	Democratic	8	9	1
Total		40	40

Kansas House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	97	85	12
	Democratic	28	40	12
Total		125	125

Kentucky

Half of the seats of the Kentucky Senate and all of the seats of the Kentucky House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans held control of the state Senate, and won control of the state House for the first time since 1922, thus establishing a Republican trifecta.

Kentucky Senate
Party		Before	After
	Republican	27	27
	Democratic	11	11
Total		38	38

Kentucky House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	47	64	17
	Democratic	53	36	17
Total		100	100

Maine

All of the seats of the Maine Senate and the Maine House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Democrats held control of the state House, and Republicans maintained control of the state Senate.

Maine Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	20	18	2
	Democratic	15	17	2
Total		35	35

Maine House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	78	77	1
	Republican	69	72	3
	Independent	4	2	2
Total		151	151

Massachusetts

All of the seats of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Democrats retained control of both chambers.

Massachusetts Senate
Party		Before	After
	Democratic	34	34
	Republican	6	6
Total		40	40

Massachusetts House of Representatives
Party		Before	After
	Democratic	125	125
	Republican	35	35
Total		160	160

Michigan

All of the seats of the Michigan House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. The Michigan Senate did not hold regularly scheduled elections in 2016. Republicans maintained control of the chamber.

Michigan House of Representatives
Party		Before	After
	Republican	63	63
	Democratic	47	47
Total		110	110

Minnesota

All of the seats of the Minnesota Senate and the Minnesota House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans won control of the State Senate, while maintaining control of the state House.

Minnesota Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	28	34	6
	Democratic (DFL)	39	33	6
Total		67	67

Minnesota House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	73	77	4
	Democratic (DFL)	61	57	4
Total		134	134

Missouri

Half of the seats of the Missouri Senate and all of the seats of the Missouri House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans held control of both chambers.

Missouri Senate
Party		Before	After
	Republican	25	25
	Democratic	9	9
Total		34	34

Missouri House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	117	117
	Democratic	45	46	1
	Independent	1	0	1
Total		163	163

Montana

Half of the seats of the Montana Senate and all of the seats of the Montana House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans held control of both chambers.

Montana Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	29	32	3
	Democratic	21	18	3
Total		50	50

Montana House of Representatives
Party		Before	After
	Republican	59	59
	Democratic	41	41
Total		100	100

Nebraska

Nebraska is the only U.S. state with a unicameral legislature; half of the seats of the Nebraska Legislature were up for election in 2016. Nebraska is also unique in that its legislature is officially non-partisan and holds non-partisan elections, although the Democratic and Republican parties each endorse legislative candidates.

Nebraska Legislature
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	35	32	3
	Democratic	12	15	3
	Independent	1	1
	Libertarian	1	1
Total		49	49

Nevada

Half of the seats of the Nevada Senate and all of the seats of the Nevada Assembly were up for election in 2016. Democrats won control of both chambers, ending a government trifecta.

Nevada Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	10	11	1
	Republican	11	10	1
Total		21	21

Nevada Assembly
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	17	27	10
	Republican	24	15	9
	Libertarian	1	0	1
Total		42	42

New Hampshire

All of the seats of the New Hampshire Senate and the New Hampshire House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans maintained control of both chambers.

New Hampshire Senate
Party		Before	After
	Republican	14	14
	Democratic	10	10
Total		24	24

New Hampshire House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	230	227	3
	Democratic	157	173	16
Total		400	400

New Mexico

All of the seats of the New Mexico Senate and the New Mexico House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Democrats held control of the state Senate, and won the state House.

New Mexico Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	24	26	2
	Republican	18	16	2
Total		42	42

New Mexico House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	33	38	5
	Republican	37	32	5
Total		70	70

New York

All of the seats of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly were up for election in 2016. Democrats held control of the state House, and Republicans lost outright control of the state Senate, requiring the Independent Democratic Conference to continue to caucus with them.

New York State Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	32	31	1
	Democratic	6^{[lower-alpha 10]}	8^{[lower-alpha 11]}	2
	Democratic	25	24	1
Total		63	63

New York State Assembly
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	106	106
	Republican	42	43	1
	Independence	1	1
	Conservative	1	0	1
Total		150	150

North Carolina

All of the seats of the North Carolina Senate and the North Carolina House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans retained control of both chambers.

North Carolina Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	34	35	1
	Democratic	16	15	1
Total		50	50

North Carolina House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	74	74
	Independent	1	0	1
	Democratic	45	46	1
Total		120	120

North Dakota

Half of the seats of the North Dakota Senate and the North Dakota House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

North Dakota Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	32	38	6
	Democratic-NPL	15	9	6
Total		47	47

North Dakota House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	71	81	10
	Democratic-NPL	23	13	10
Total		94	94

Ohio

Half of the seats of the Ohio Senate and all of the seats of the Ohio House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Ohio Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	23	24	1
	Democratic	10	9	1
Total		33	33

Ohio House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	65	66	1
	Democratic	34	33	1
Total		99	99

Oklahoma

Half of the seats of the Oklahoma Senate and all of the seats of the Oklahoma House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Oklahoma Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	39	42	3
	Democratic	9	6	3
Total		48	48

Oklahoma House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	71	75	4
	Democratic	30	26	4
Total		101	101

Oregon

Half of the seats of the Oregon State Senate and all of the seats of the Oregon House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Democrats retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Oregon State Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	18	17	1
	Republican	12	13	1
Total		30	30

Oregon House of Representatives
Party		Before	After
	Democratic	35	35
	Republican	25	25
Total		50	50

Pennsylvania

Half of the seats of the Pennsylvania State Senate and all of the seats of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans retained control of both chambers.

Pennsylvania State Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	31	34	3
	Democratic	19	16	3
Total		50	50

Pennsylvania House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	119	121	2
	Democratic	84	82	2
Total		203	203

Rhode Island

All of the seats of the Rhode Island Senate and the Rhode Island House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Democrats retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Rhode Island Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	32	33	1
	Republican	5	5
	Independent	1	0	1
Total		38	38

Rhode Island House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	62	64	2
	Republican	12	10	2
	Independent	1	1
Total		75	75

South Carolina

All of the seats of the South Carolina Senate and the South Carolina House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

South Carolina Senate
Party		Before	After
	Republican	28	28
	Democratic	18	18
Total		46	46

South Carolina House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	78	80	2
	Democratic	46	44	2
Total		124	124

South Dakota

All of the seats of the South Dakota Senate and the South Dakota House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

South Dakota Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	27	29	2
	Democratic	8	6	2
Total		35	35

South Dakota House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	58	60	2
	Democratic	12	10	2
Total		70	70

Tennessee

Half of the seats of the Tennessee Senate and all of the seats of the Tennessee House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Tennessee Senate
Party		Before	After
	Republican	28	28
	Democratic	5	5
Total		33	33

Tennessee House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	73	74	1
	Democratic	26	25	1
Total		99	99

Texas

Half of the seats of the Texas Senate and all of the seats of the Texas House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Texas Senate
Party		Before	After
	Republican	20	20
	Democratic	11	11
Total		31	31

Texas House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	99	95	4
	Democratic	50	55	5
	Independent	1	0	1
Total		150	150

Utah

Half of the seats of the Utah State Senate and all of the seats of the Utah House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Utah State Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	23	24	1
	Democratic	6	5	1
Total		29	29

Utah House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	63	62	1
	Democratic	12	13	1
Total		75	75

Vermont

All of the seats of the Vermont Senate and the Vermont House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Democrats retained control of both chambers.

Vermont Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	19	21	2
	Republican	9	7	2
	Progressive	2	2
Total		30	30

Vermont House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	85	83	2
	Republican	53	53
	Progressive	6	7	1
	Independent	6	7	1
Total		150	150

Washington

Half of the seats of the Washington State Senate and all of the seats of the Washington House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Democrats retained control of the state House, while Republicans maintained coalition control of the state Senate.

Washington State Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	25	24	1
	Democratic	1^{[lower-alpha 12]}	1^{[lower-alpha 12]}	1
	Democratic	23	24	1
Total		49	49

Washington House of Representatives
Party		Before	After
	Democratic	50	50
	Republican	48	48
Total		98	98

West Virginia

Half of the seats of the West Virginia Senate and all of the seats of the West Virginia House of Delegates were up for election in 2016. Republicans retained control of both chambers.

West Virginia Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	18	22	4
	Democratic	16	12	4
Total		34	34

West Virginia House of Delegates
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	64	63	1
	Democratic	36	37	1
Total		100	100

Wisconsin

Half of the seats of the Wisconsin Senate and all of the seats of the Wisconsin State Assembly were up for election in 2016. Republicans retained control of both chambers.

Wisconsin Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	19	20	1
	Democratic	14	13	1
Total		33	33

Wisconsin State Assembly
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	63	64	1
	Democratic	36	35	1
Total		99	99

Wyoming

Half of the seats of the Wyoming Senate and all of the seats of the Wyoming House of Representatives were up for election in 2016. Republicans retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Wyoming Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	26	27	1
	Democratic	4	3	1
Total		30	30

Wyoming House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	51	52	1
	Democratic	9	8	1
Total		60	60

Territorial and federal district summaries

American Samoa

All of the seats of the American Samoa Senate and the American Samoa House of Representatives were up for election. Members of the senate serve four-year terms, while members of the House of Representatives serve two-year terms. Gubernatorial and legislative elections are conducted on a nonpartisan basis in American Samoa.

Guam

All of the seats of the unicameral Legislature of Guam were up for election. All members of the legislature serve a two-year term. Democrats retained control of the legislature.

Guam Legislature
Party		Before	After
	Democratic	9	9
	Republican	6	6
Total		15	15

Northern Mariana Islands

A portion of the seats of the Northern Mariana Islands Senate, and all of the seats of the Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives, were up for election. Members of the senate serve either four-year terms, while members of the house serve two-year terms. Republicans maintained control of the upper house, and won control of the lower house from Independents.

Northern Mariana Islands Senate^[7]
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	6	7	1
	Independent	3	2	1
	Democratic	0	0
Total		9	9

Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives^[8]
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	7	15	8
	Democratic	0	0
	Independent	13	5	8
Total		20	20

Puerto Rico

All of the seats of the Senate of Puerto Rico and the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico are up for election. Members of the Senate and the House of Representatives both serve four-year terms. The New Progressive Party won control of both chambers, from the Popular Democratic Party.

Puerto Rico Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Popular Democratic	18	7	11
	New Progressive	8	21	13
	Puerto Rican Independence	1	1
	Independent	0	1	1
Total		27	27

Puerto Rico House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Popular Democratic	28	16	12
	New Progressive	23	34	11
	Puerto Rican Independence	0	1	1
Total		51	51

U.S. Virgin Islands

All of the seats of the unicameral Legislature of the Virgin Islands were up for election. All members of the legislature serve a two-year term. Democrats retained control of the legislature.

Virgin Islands Legislature
Party		Before	After
	Democratic	11	11
	Independent	4	4
Total		15	15

Washington, D.C.

The Council of the District of Columbia serves as the legislative branch of the federal district of Washington, D.C. Half of the council seats are up for election. Council members serve four-year terms. Democrats retained supermajority control of the council.

District of Columbia Council
Party		Before	After
	Democratic	11	11
	Independent	2	2
Total		13	13

Notes

1 2 In the Washington State Senate, one Democrat caucused with Republicans to form the Majority Coalition Caucus
↑ The Alaska House of Representatives Moderate Republicans formed a coalition with Democrats and Independents.
↑ Republicans lost their majority in the New York Senate, but the Independent Democratic Conference continued to caucus with them to form a coalition.^[1]
↑ The Connecticut Senate was tied in the 2017-2019 session. This is not counted in the total here.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 The upper houses of Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Minnesota, New Jersey, and Texas use a 2-4-4 term length system.
1 2 3 These figures represent the seats of Nebraska's unicameral legislature.
↑ Includes a post-election party switch by Senator Daniel Hall which gave Republicans control of the chamber.
↑ Coalition consisted of 15 Democrats, 8 Republicans, and 2 Independents.
↑ Four Democrats caucused with the Republican majority
↑ 5 members of the Independent Democratic Caucus as well as Democrat Simcha Felder.
↑ 7 members of the Independent Democratic Caucus as well as Democrat Simcha Felder.
1 2 One Democrat caucused with the Republicans to give them a majority.

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References

↑ "IDC will once again partner with Senate GOP". Times Union. January 3, 2017. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
↑ "State legislative elections, 2016".
1 2 3 "2020 Legislative Races by State and Legislative Chamber". National Conference of State Legislatures.
↑ Phillips, Amber (2021-11-25). "Why Democrats are set to retake state legislatures in 2016 (and it's not just Trump)". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286 . Retrieved 2024-06-24.
1 2 Cournoyer, Caroline (2016-10-12). "November Likely to Lessen GOP's Advantage in Legislatures". Governing. Retrieved 2024-06-24.
↑ Wilson, Reid (February 15, 2019). "Alaska House elects a Speaker after more than a month of gridlock". The Hill.
↑ "Northern Mariana Islands Senate". Ballotpedia. November 4, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
↑ "Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives". Ballotpedia. November 4, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2021.

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[WAsenate-1] 1 2 In the Washington State Senate, one Democrat caucused with Republicans to form the Majority Coalition Caucus

[AKhouse-2] The Alaska House of Representatives Moderate Republicans formed a coalition with Democrats and Independents.

[NYSenate-4] Republicans lost their majority in the New York Senate, but the Independent Democratic Conference continued to caucus with them to form a coalition.^[1]

[CTSenate-5] The Connecticut Senate was tied in the 2017-2019 session. This is not counted in the total here.

[variabletermlength-8] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 The upper houses of Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Minnesota, New Jersey, and Texas use a 2-4-4 term length system.

[Nebraska_seats-9] 1 2 3 These figures represent the seats of Nebraska's unicameral legislature.

[12] Includes a post-election party switch by Senator Daniel Hall which gave Republicans control of the chamber.

[14] Coalition consisted of 15 Democrats, 8 Republicans, and 2 Independents.

[15] Four Democrats caucused with the Republican majority

[16] 5 members of the Independent Democratic Caucus as well as Democrat Simcha Felder.

[17] 7 members of the Independent Democratic Caucus as well as Democrat Simcha Felder.

[SheldonWA-18] 1 2 One Democrat caucused with the Republicans to give them a majority.

[3] "IDC will once again partner with Senate GOP". Times Union. January 3, 2017. Retrieved February 8, 2017.

[6] "State legislative elections, 2016".

[seatsup-7] 1 2 3 "2020 Legislative Races by State and Legislative Chamber". National Conference of State Legislatures.

[10] Phillips, Amber (2021-11-25). "Why Democrats are set to retake state legislatures in 2016 (and it's not just Trump)". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286 . Retrieved 2024-06-24.

[:0-11] 1 2 Cournoyer, Caroline (2016-10-12). "November Likely to Lessen GOP's Advantage in Legislatures". Governing. Retrieved 2024-06-24.

[13] Wilson, Reid (February 15, 2019). "Alaska House elects a Speaker after more than a month of gridlock". The Hill.

[19] "Northern Mariana Islands Senate". Ballotpedia. November 4, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2021.

[20] "Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives". Ballotpedia. November 4, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2021.

[lower-alpha 1]

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[lower-alpha 4]

[2]

[3]

[lower-alpha 5]

[lower-alpha 6]

[4]

[5]

[lower-alpha 7]

[6]

[lower-alpha 8]

[lower-alpha 9]

[lower-alpha 10]

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v t e (2015 ←) 2016 United States elections (→ 2017)
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v t e Legislatures of the United States
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List of U.S. state legislators