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Year 1252 (MCCLII) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar.
The 1290s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1290, and ended on December 31, 1299.
Year 1292 (MCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.
Year 1291 (MCCXCI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar.
Year 1290 (MCCXC) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.
Year 1245 (MCCXLV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.
Year 1253 (MCCLIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.
Year 1289 (MCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.
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The Bahri Mamluks, sometimes referred to as the Bahri dynasty, were the rulers of the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt from 1250 to 1382, following the Ayyubid dynasty. The members of the Mamluk ruling class were purchased as slaves (mamluks) and manumitted, with the most powerful among them taking the role of sultan in Cairo. While several Bahri Mamluk sultans tried to establish hereditary dynasties through their sons, these attempts were ultimately unsuccessful, with the role of sultan often passing on to another powerful Mamluk.
William of Rubruck or Guillaume de Rubrouck was a Flemish Franciscan missionary and explorer.
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An orda or horde was a historical sociopolitical and military structure found on the Eurasian Steppe, usually associated with the Turkic and Mongol peoples. This form of entity can be seen as the regional equivalent of a clan or a tribe. Some successful ordas gave rise to khanates.
The feudal barony of Plympton was a large feudal barony in the county of Devon, England, whose caput was Plympton Castle and manor, Plympton. It was one of eight feudal baronies in Devonshire which existed during the medieval era. It included the so-called Honour of Christchurch in Hampshire, which was not however technically a barony. The de Redvers family, first holders of the barony, were also Lords of the Isle of Wight, which lordship was not inherited by the Courtenays, as was the barony of Plympton, as it had been sold to the king by the last in the line Isabel de Redvers, 8th Countess of Devon (1237–1293).
References
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- ↑ Hattori, J. (April 4, 1878). "Destructive Earthquakes of Japan". The Japan Mail: A fortnightly summary of intelligence from Japan, for transmission to Europe and the United States, via Suez and San Francisco. p. 178. Retrieved February 24, 2019.
- ↑ Nagayama, Kōkan (1997) [1995]. The Connoisseur's Book of Japanese Swords. Tokyo, New York, London: Kodansha International. p. 164. ISBN 9784770020710.
- ↑ Minahan, James (2012). Ethnic Groups of South Asia and the Pacific: An Encyclopedia. Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO, Oxford: ABC-CLIO. p. 109. ISBN 9781598846591.
- ↑ Ooi, Keat Gin (2004). Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor. Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO, Oxford: ABC-CLIO. pp. 822–824. ISBN 9781576077702.
- ↑ Goss, Glenda Dawn (2009). Sibelius: A Composer's Life and the Awakening of Finland. Chicago, London: University of Chicago Press. p. 152. ISBN 9780226304793.
- ↑ Vyborg Castle, Vyborg, Russia - Spotting History
- ↑ Pugh Rupp, Teresa (2008). ""If You Want Peace, Work for Justice": Dino Compagni's Cronica and the Ordinances of Justice". In Peterson, David S.; Bornstein, Daniel E. (eds.). Florence and Beyond: Culture, Society and Politics in Renaissance Italy : Essays in Honour of John M. Najemy. Toronto: Centre for Reformation and Renaissance Studies. p. 323. ISBN 9780772720382.
- ↑ Adams, William Henry Davenport (1856). The History, Topography, and Antiquities of the Isle of Wight. Described and Illustrated. [With Plates and a Map.]. London: Smith, Elder & Company. pp. 18–19.
- ↑ Spinozzi, Paola (2009). "Journeying Through Translation: Dante among the Victorians, Dante Gabriel Rossetti in Medieval Italy". In Orestano, Francesca; Frigerio, Francesca (eds.). Strange Sisters: Literature and Aesthetics in the Nineteenth Century. Oxford, Bern: Peter Lang. p. 77. ISBN 9783039118403.
- ↑ Rashdall, Hastings (2010) [1895]. The Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages: Volume 2, Part 1, Italy, Spain, France, Germany, Scotland, Etc. Vol. 2. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 99. ISBN 9781108018111.
- ↑ Barsoum, Ephrem (2008). History of the Za'faran Monastery. Translated by Matti Moosa. Gorgias Press. p. 48.
- ↑ Rogers, Eugene F. Jr. (2009). "John Ruusbroec, from The Spiritual Espousals". The Holy Spirit: Classic and Contemporary Readings. Chicester and Singapore: John Wiley & Sons. p. 272. ISBN 9781405136235.
- ↑ Hammond, Peter; Cokayne, George Edward (1998). The complete peerage, or a history of the House of Lords and all its members from the earliest times by G.E.C., revised and much enlarged : addenda & corrigenda. Vol. XIV. Sutton. ISBN 9780750901543.
- ↑ Byrne, Vincent (2003). The Hidden Annals: A Thousand Years of the Kingdom of Connaught 366-1385. Universal-Publishers. ISBN 9781581125689.
- ↑ Wood, Cindy (2016). Studying Late Medieval History: A Thematic Approach. London and New York: Routledge. p. 58. ISBN 9781317211204.
- ↑ Nolan, Cathal J. (2006). The Age of Wars of Religion, 1000-1650: An Encyclopedia of Global Warfare and Civilization. Vol. 2. Westport, CN and London: Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 893. ISBN 9780313337345.
- ↑ Browning, Charles Henry (1998) [1883]. "Pedigree LX". Americans of Royal Descent: Collection of Genealogies Showing the Lineal Descent from Kings of Some American Families. Reproduced from Recognized Authorative Genealogical Works, From Printed Family Histories, and Verified Information Supplied in Manuscript Pedigrees (Seventh ed.). Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Com. p. 261. ISBN 9780806300542.
- ↑ Kanarfogel, Ephraim (2000). Peering Through the Lattices: Mystical, Magical, and Pietistic Dimensions in the Tosafist Period. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press. p. 221. ISBN 9780814325315.
- ↑ Stone, M. W. F. (2003). "Henry of Ghent on Freedom and Human Action". In Decorte, Jos; Guldentops, Guy; Steel, Carlos G. (eds.). Henry of Ghent and the Transformation of Scholastic Thought: Studies in Memory of Jos Decorte. Leuven, Belgium: Leuven University Press. p. 201. ISBN 9789058673299.
- ↑ Legg, Katrina (2004). Bolton Priory: Its Patrons and Benefactors 1120-1293. Borthwick Papers. Vol. 106. York: Borthwick Publications. p. 11. ISBN 9781904497134.
- ↑ Haag, Michael (2012). The Tragedy of the Templars: The Rise and Fall of the Crusader States . Suffolk: Profile. pp. 241. ISBN 9781847658548.
1293 Al-Ashraf Khalil.
- ↑ Montpéreux, Frédéric Dubois de (1839). Voyage autour du Caucase, chez les Tcherkesses et les Abkhases, en Colchide, en Géorgie, en Arménie et en Crimée (in French). Vol. II. Paris: Librairie de Gide. p. 164.
- ↑ Ruysbroeck, Willem van; Pian de Carpine, John of (1998) [1900]. The Journey of William of Rubruck to the Eastern Parts of the World, 1253-55: As Narrated by Himself with Two Accounts of the Earlier Journey of John of Pian de Carpine. Translated by Woodville Rockhill, William. New Delhi, Madras: Asian Educational Services. ISBN 9788120613386.