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Shotlandcha debyut

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Shotlandcha debyut
abcdefgh
8
a8 black rook
c8 black bishop
d8 black queen
e8 black king
f8 black bishop
g8 black knight
h8 black rook
a7 black pawn
b7 black pawn
c7 black pawn
d7 black pawn
f7 black pawn
g7 black pawn
h7 black pawn
c6 black knight
e5 black pawn
d4 white pawn
e4 white pawn
f3 white knight
a2 white pawn
b2 white pawn
c2 white pawn
f2 white pawn
g2 white pawn
h2 white pawn
a1 white rook
b1 white knight
c1 white bishop
d1 white queen
e1 white king
f1 white bishop
h1 white rook
8
77
66
55
44
33
22
11
abcdefgh
Yurishlar 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4
ECO C44–C45
Ilk bor qoʻllanishi 1750
Nomlanishi Shotlandiya
Bogʻliq debyut Shoh oti debyuti

Shotlandcha debyut – bu quyidagi yurishlar bilan boshlanadigan shaxmat debyuti:

1. e4 e5
2. Nf3 Nc6
3. d4

Ercole del Rio oʻzining 1750-yilda yozgan „Sopra il giuoco degli Scacchi, Osservazioni pratiche d’anonimo Autore Modenese“ („Shaxmat oʻyini haqida amaliy kuzatishlar“) nomli risolasida hozirda „Shotlandcha“ deb ataladigan oʻyin haqida birinchi boʻlib qayd etib oʻtgan[1]. Debyut oʻz nomini 1824-yilda Edinburg va London oʻrtasida boʻlib oʻtgan yozma yaʼni sirtqi shaxmat oʻyinlaridan olgan. XIX asrda mashhur boʻlgan. XX asrda grossmeysterlar Garri Kasparov va Yan Timman shotlandcha debyutni qayta ommalashtirishga yordam berishdi.

Asosiy variantlar

[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
  • 3. …e5:d4 – boshqa yurishlarda ustunlik oqlarda boʻladi
Wilhelm Steinitz sistemasi
abcdefgh
8
a8 black rook
c8 black bishop
e8 black king
f8 black bishop
g8 black knight
h8 black rook
a7 black pawn
b7 black pawn
c7 black pawn
d7 black pawn
f7 black pawn
g7 black pawn
h7 black pawn
c6 black knight
d4 white knight
e4 white pawn
h4 black queen
a2 white pawn
b2 white pawn
c2 white pawn
f2 white pawn
g2 white pawn
h2 white pawn
a1 white rook
b1 white knight
c1 white bishop
d1 white queen
e1 white king
f1 white bishop
h1 white rook
8
77
66
55
44
33
22
11
abcdefgh
      • 4. …Kc6:d4. 5. Fd1:d4 d7-d6 6. Cf1-d3 – Gʻulom Qosim talqini
      • 4. …Cf8-b4+
      • 4. …Cf8-c5
      • 4. …Kg8-f6 
        • 5. Kd4:c6 b7:c6
          • 6. e4-e5 
          • 6. Kb1-d2 
    • 4. Sf1-c4
Shotlandcha gambit
abcdefgh
8
a8 black rook
c8 black bishop
d8 black queen
e8 black king
f8 black bishop
g8 black knight
h8 black rook
a7 black pawn
b7 black pawn
c7 black pawn
d7 black pawn
f7 black pawn
g7 black pawn
h7 black pawn
c6 black knight
c4 white bishop
d4 black pawn
e4 white pawn
f3 white knight
a2 white pawn
b2 white pawn
c2 white pawn
f2 white pawn
g2 white pawn
h2 white pawn
a1 white rook
b1 white knight
c1 white bishop
d1 white queen
e1 white king
g1 white knight
h1 white rook
8
77
66
55
44
33
22
11
abcdefgh
    • 4. c2-c3 – Gyoring gambiti
    • 4. Sf1-b5 – Gambit Relfsona
  • 3. …Ks6:d4 
    • 4. Kf3:e5 Kd4-e6 5. Cf1-c4 c7-c6 6. 0-0 Kg8-f6 7. Ke5:f7 – Koxriy talqini
  1. Harry Golombek, Chess: A History, G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1976, pp. 117–18.