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Dz

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Ang Dz, isang digraph sa loob ng sulat Latin, ay binubuo ng mga katinig na D at Z. Ang representasyon nito ay nag-iiba-iba sa mga wika at maaaring magpahiwatig ng /d͡z/, /t͡s/, o /z/.

Paggamit ayon sa wika

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Sa mga alpabetong Latin, sumasaklaw sa mga wika tulad ng Ungaro, Kasubyo, Latbiyano, Litwano, Polako, Eslobako, at romanized na Macedonian, ang digraph na Dz ay karaniwang tumutugma sa tunog na /d͡z/. Gayunpaman, sa Dene Suline (Chipewyan) at Cantonese Pinyin, ito ay nangangahulugang /t͡s/, habang sa Vietnamese, ito ay nagsisilbing isang bigkas na respelling para sa titik D upang ihatid ang tunog /j/.[1]

Esperanto

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Ang ilang mga gramatika ng Esperanto, partikular ang Plena Analiza Gramatiko de Esperanto,[2] ay nangangatuwiran na ang dz ay gumaganap bilang isang digraph na kumakatawan sa tinig na affricate [d͡z], tulad ng nakikita sa mga salitang tulad ng "edzo" (asawa). Gayunpaman, ang suporta para sa argumentong ito ay itinuturing na "sa halip mahina."[3] Ang karamihan ng mga Esperantista, kabilang ang mga linguist tulad nina (Janton[4], Wells[5]), ay itinatakwil ang interpretasyong ito.

Mga variant

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Kasama sa Unicode ang mga naka-encode na representasyon para sa iba't ibang karagdagang variant ng Dz digraph.

  • U+01C5 Dž LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON is used in the Croatian, Bosnian, and Slovak alphabets as a letter in its own right.
  • U+01C4 DŽ LATIN CAPITAL LETTER DZ WITH CARON is the all-capitals form of U+01C5 (Dž).
  • U+01C6 dž LATIN SMALL LETTER DZ WITH CARON is the lowercase form of U+01C5 (Dž).
  • U+02A3 ʣ LATIN SMALL LETTER DZ DIGRAPH was historically used to represent the voiced alveolar affricate in the International Phonetic Alphabet.
  • U+10787 𐞇 MODIFIER LETTER SMALL DZ DIGRAPH is the superscript form of U+02A3 and is an IPA superscript letter[6]
  • U+02A5 ʥ LATIN SMALL LETTER DZ DIGRAPH WITH CURL was historically used to represent the voiced alveolo-palatal affricate in the IPA.
  • U+10789 𐞉 MODIFIER LETTER SMALL DZ DIGRAPH WITH CURL is the superscript form of U+02A5 and is an IPA superscript letter[6]
  • U+AB66 ꭦ LATIN SMALL LETTER DZ DIGRAPH WITH RETROFLEX HOOK is used in Sinological and Tibetanist transcription for a voiced retroflex affricate.[7]
  • U+10788 𐞈 MODIFIER LETTER SMALL DZ DIGRAPH WITH RETROFLEX HOOK is the superscript form of U+AB66 and is an IPA superscript letter[6]
  • U+02A4 ʤ LATIN SMALL LETTER DEZH DIGRAPH is a ligature of lowercase d and ezh (a z with a tail), formerly used in the IPA
  • U+1078A 𐞊 MODIFIER LETTER SMALL DEZH DIGRAPH is the superscript form of U+02A4 and is an IPA superscript letter[6]
  • U+1DF12 𝼒 LATIN SMALL LETTER DEZH DIGRAPH WITH PALATAL HOOK is used in phonetic transcription[8][9]
  • U+1DF19 𝼙 LATIN SMALL LETTER DEZH DIGRAPH WITH RETROFLEX HOOK has been used in phonetic descriptions of Polish[10]

Mga sanggunian

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  1. https://web.archive.org/web/20151231230523/http://www.aihuucongchanh.com/baiviet/nguyennguyen/duongquyphi.html
  2. Kalocsay & Waringhien (1985) Plena analiza gramatiko de Esperanto, §17, 22
  3. van Oostendorp, Marc (1999). Syllable structure in Esperanto as an instantiation of universal phonology. Esperantologio / Esperanto Studies 1, 52 80. p. 68
  4. Pierre Janton, Esperanto: Language, Literature, and Community. Translated by Humphrey Tonkin et al. State University of New York Press, 1993. ISBN 0-7914-1254-7.
  5. J. C. Wells, Lingvistikaj Aspektoj de Esperanto, Universala Esperanto-Asocio, 1978. ISBN 92 9017 021 2.
  1. ↑ Nguyên Nguyên (Mayo 2004). "Từ chữ Nôm đến quốc ngữ: Dzương Quí Phi và Cơm Gà Hải Nam" [From chữ Nôm to the Vietnamese alphabet: Dzương Quí Phi and Hainanese chicken rice] (sa wikang Biyetnames). Ái Hữu Công Chánh. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Disyembre 31, 2015. Nakuha noong Disyembre 31, 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  2. ↑ Kalocsay & Waringhien (1985) Plena analiza gramatiko de Esperanto, §17, 22
  3. ↑ van Oostendorp, Marc (1999). Syllable structure in Esperanto as an instantiation of universal phonology. Esperantologio / Esperanto Studies 1, 52 80. p. 68
  4. ↑ Pierre Janton, Esperanto: Language, Literature, and Community. Translated by Humphrey Tonkin et al. State University of New York Press, 1993. ISBN 0-7914-1254-7.
  5. ↑ J. C. Wells, Lingvistikaj Aspektoj de Esperanto, Universala Esperanto-Asocio, 1978. ISBN 92 9017 021 2.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Miller, Kirk; Ashby, Michael (2020-11-08). "L2/20-252R: Unicode request for IPA modifier-letters (a), pulmonic" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  7. ↑ Everson, Michael (2017-08-17). "L2/17-299: Proposal to add two Sinological Latin letters" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  8. ↑ Miller, Kirk (2020-07-11). "L2/20-125R: Unicode request for expected IPA retroflex letters and similar letters with hooks" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  9. ↑ Anderson, Deborah (2020-12-07). "L2/21-021: Reference doc numbers for L2/20-266R "Consolidated code chart of proposed phonetic characters" and IPA etc. code point and name changes" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  10. ↑ Miller, Kirk; Everson, Michael (2021-01-03). "L2/21-004: Unicode request for dezh with retroflex hook" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
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