Turki
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Qaar ka mid ah dadka caanka ah ama caanka ah ee Turkiga ee adduunka ka kala yimid |
Thiinada guud ee dadka |
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110+ Million: |
Meelaha ay ku badan yihiin |
Luqada |
Diinta |
Predominantly Hanafi Sunni Islam, minority Alevism[66] |
Shacabka turkiga ama Turki (Af Turki : Türkler), waa Qoowmiyad ugu horaysay dagaan ahaan Turkiga, waana dhulkii ay ka dhisnayda Cusmaaniyiinta halkaasoo ay ku yiileen xarumaha taasoo ay ku sugnayd wax badan. Turkiga ama Turki (Turki: Türkler), oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano Turki Turki (Turki: Anadolu Türkleri), waa koox qabiil oo Turkiga ah iyo qurba-joogta inta badan ku nool Turkiga iyo ku hadlida Turkiga, luqada ugu badan ee Turkiga ah. Waxay yihiin qowmiyadaha ugu weyn ee Turkiga ah, iyo sidoo kale faraca qowmiyadeed ee ugu weyn ee luuqadaha Turkiga ah. Qowmiyadaha tirada yar ee Turkiga ah waxay ka jiraan dhulalkii hore ee Boqortooyada Ciraaq. Intaa waxaa dheer, qurba-joogta Turkiga ayaa la aasaasay hijrada casriga ah, gaar ahaan Galbeedka Yurub.
Turki ayaa ka yimid Bartamaha Aasiya oo degay aagagga Anatoliya ee qarnigii 11aad iyada oo loo marey qabsashadii Seljuk Turks, oo la barbar dhigi jiray dadka reer Aasiya. Gobalkaasi wuxuu bilaabay inuu wax ka beddelo mid ka mid ah Giriigga Giriiga ah ee muslimiinta Turkiga ah. Intaas ka dib, Boqortooyada Aasiya waxay u timid inay maamusho badmaaxyada Balkans, Cawadheer, Bariga Dhexe (oo laga reebo Iran), iyo Waqooyiga Afrika intii ay socdeen qarniyo dhawr ah, oo leh ciidan sare iyo ciidan. Boqortooyada waxay sii jirtey ilaa dhammaadkii dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka, markii ay ka adkaadeen malleeyshiyadii oo ay qaybsadeen. Ka dib dagaalkii Turkiga ee guulaystay ee ku dhamaaday dhaqdhaqaaqii qaran ee Turkiga ee ka soo dagay dhulalkii ugu badnaa ee dhulalkaas, dhaqdhaqaaqa wuxuu suldaanka salka ku dhuftay 1-dii Nofembar 1922kii, wuxuuna ku dhawaaqay Jamhuuriyadda Turkiga 29-kii Oktoobar, 1923-kii. waxay ahaayeen Muslimiin iyo dhammaan Muslimiintii Muslimiintu waxay ahaayeen Turks, laakiin ilaa 1923-kii, inta badan dadka ku nool xudduudaha Turkiga cusub waxay aqoonsadeen Turki.
Qodobka 66aad ee Dastuurka Turkiga wuxuu ku qeexayaa "Turk" sida "qof kasta oo ku xidhan dowlad Turki ah iyada oo loo marayo dammaanadda muwaadinimada"; Sidaa darteed, isticmaalka sharciga ah ee ereyga "Turkiga" sida muwaadin Turkiga ah wuxuu ka duwan yahay qeexidda qowmiyadaha. Si kastaba ha noqotee, inta badan dadka Turkiga ah ayaa ah qowmiyadda Turkiga waxaana lagu qiyaasay 70-75 boqolkiiba.
[67].:•
Tix
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]- ↑ Milliyet. http://www.milliyet.com.tr/2007/03/22/guncel/agun.html. Soo qaatay 21 July 2011. Maqan ama ebar
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(caawin) - ↑ Library of Congress – Federal Research Division. (PDF) http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/profiles/Turkey.pdf. Soo qaatay 6 February 2010. Maqan ama ebar
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(caawin) - ↑ CIA. "Nuqul Archive". Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 20 Bisha Sagaalaad 2017. Soo qaatay 27 July 2011. Barameter aan la aqoon
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ignored (caawin); Hubi qiimaynta taariikhda:|archive-date=
(caawin) - ↑ European Institute. "Nuqul Archive". Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 9 July 2014. Soo qaatay 15 November 2010. Barameter aan la aqoon
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ignored (caawin) - ↑ Kötter et al. 2003, 55 .
- ↑ Haviland et al. 2010, 675 .
- ↑ Turkish Embassy in Algeria 2008, 4 .
- ↑ Oxford Business Group 2008, 10 .
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ignored (caawin) - ↑ Park 2005, 37 .
- ↑ Phillips 2006, 112 .
- ↑ Taylor 2004, 28 .
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 Akar 1993, 95 .
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ignored (caawin); Hubi qiimaynta taariikhda:|archive-date=
(caawin) - ↑ Ertan, Fikret, Zaman http://arsiv.zaman.com.tr//1998/05/06/yazarlar/11.html Maqan ama ebar
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(caawin). - ↑ Özkaya 2007, 112 .
- ↑ Internetional Strategic Research Organisation, Nuqul Archive, waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 11 March 2016, soo qaatay 2 February 2013 Barameter aan la aqoon
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ignored (caawin). - ↑ http://www.todayszaman.com/news-289267-a-unified-syria-without-assad-is-what-turkmen--are-after.html=, soo qaatay 2 February 2013 Maqan ama ebar
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(caawin)[dead link]. - ↑ National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. (PDF). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria http://www.nsi.bg/census2011/PDOCS2/Census2011final_en.pdf. Maqan ama ebar
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(caawin) - ↑ Sosyal 2011, 369 .
- ↑ Bokova 2010, 170 .
- ↑ Leveau & Hunter 2002, 6 .
- ↑ Fransa Diyanet İşleri Türk İslam Birliği. "Nuqul Archive". Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 7 January 2012. Soo qaatay 15 February 2012. Barameter aan la aqoon
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ignored (caawin) - ↑ Template:Harvard citation no brackets
- ↑ . 1 August 2011 http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2011/aug/01/turkish-immigration-possibilities-assessed. Soo qaatay 1 August 2011. Maqan ama ebar
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(caawin) - ↑ Federation of Turkish Associations UK (19 June 2008). "Nuqul Archive". Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 13 April 2011. Soo qaatay 13 April 2011. Barameter aan la aqoon
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ignored (caawin) - ↑ Encyclopedia of Cleveland History. "Nuqul Archive". Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 26 Bisha Saddexaad 2017. Soo qaatay 7 February 2010. Barameter aan la aqoon
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ignored (caawin); Hubi qiimaynta taariikhda:|archive-date=
(caawin) - ↑ The Washington Diplomat. http://www.washdiplomat.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=6036:census-takes-aim-to-tallyhard-to-count-populations-&catid=205:april-2010&Itemid=239. Soo qaatay 5 May 2011. Maqan ama ebar
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(caawin) - ↑ Farkas 2003, 40 .
- ↑ Netherlands Info Services. "Nuqul Archive". Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 13 January 2009. Soo qaatay 16 December 2008. Barameter aan la aqoon
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ignored (caawin) - ↑ Dutch News. http://www.dutchnews.nl/news/archives/2007/03/dutch_turks_swindled_afm_to_in.php. Soo qaatay 16 December 2008. Maqan ama ebar
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(caawin) - ↑ Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi 2008, 11 .
- ↑ . BBC News. 10 November 2010 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-11725311. Soo qaatay 10 November 2010. Maqan ama ebar
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(caawin) - ↑ Andreas Mölzer. "Nuqul Archive". Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 25 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2018. Soo qaatay 16 October 2011. Barameter aan la aqoon
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ignored (caawin); Hubi qiimaynta taariikhda:|archive-date=
(caawin) - ↑ CBN. http://www.cbn.com/cbnnews/world/2010/April/Turkeys-Mulism-Influence-in-Austria/. Soo qaatay 16 October 2011. Maqan ama ebar
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(caawin) - ↑ International Crisis Group 2010, 2 .
- ↑ Ilican 2011, 95 .
- ↑ "Nuqul Archive". 12 March 2013. Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 25 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2018. Soo qaatay 8 May 2013. Barameter aan la aqoon
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ignored (caawin); Hubi qiimaynta taariikhda:|archive-date=
(caawin) - ↑ King Baudouin Foundation 2008, 5 .
- ↑ De Morgen. http://www.demorgen.be/dm/nl/989/Binnenland/article/detail/159126/2008/02/04/Koning-Boudewijnstichting-doorprikt-clich-s-rond-Belgische-Turken.dhtml. Soo qaatay 15 November 2010. Maqan ama ebar
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(caawin) - ↑ Republic of Macedonia State Statistical Office 2005, 34 .
- ↑ Knowlton 2005, 66 .
- ↑ Abrahams 1996, 53 .
- ↑ Karpat 2004, 12 .
- ↑ http://www.eurfedling.org/Greece.htm. Soo qaatay 19 December 2010. Maqan ama ebar
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(caawin) - ↑ Whitman 1990, i .
- ↑ Ergener & Ergener 2002, 106 .
- ↑ 48.0 48.1 48.2 Aydıngün et al. 2006, 13 .
- ↑ Ryazantsev 2009, 172 .
- ↑ The Federal Authorities of the Swiss Confederation. "Nuqul Archive" (PDF). Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original (PDF) 14 September 2013. Soo qaatay 16 December 2008. Barameter aan la aqoon
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ignored (caawin) - ↑ UNHCR 1999, 14 .
- ↑ NATO Parliamentary Assembly. "Nuqul Archive". Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 25 December 2018. Soo qaatay 16 January 2012. Barameter aan la aqoon
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ignored (caawin) - ↑ Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency. "Nuqul Archive". Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 11 September 2012. Soo qaatay 14 April 2011. Barameter aan la aqoon
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ignored (caawin) - ↑ "Nuqul Archive". Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 2018-12-25. Soo qaatay 14 April 2011. Barameter aan la aqoon
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ignored (caawin) - ↑ Baedeker 2000, lviii .
- ↑ Akar 1993, 94 .
- ↑ DR 2009. Maqan ama ebar
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(caawin); - ↑ Canada's National Statistical Agency. "Nuqul Archive". Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 25 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2018. Soo qaatay 9 July 2008. Barameter aan la aqoon
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ignored (caawin); Hubi qiimaynta taariikhda:|archive-date=
(caawin) - ↑ Turkish Embassy (Ottawa Canada). "Nuqul Archive". Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 4 February 2010. Soo qaatay 19 March 2010. Barameter aan la aqoon
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ignored (caawin) - ↑ Zaman. "Nuqul Archive". Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 29 Bisha Tobnaad 2013. Soo qaatay 27 September 2011. Barameter aan la aqoon
|ciwaan=
ignored (caawin); Hubi qiimaynta taariikhda:|archive-date=
(caawin) - ↑ Al-Akhbar. "Nuqul Archive". Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 20 Bisha Lixaad 2018. Soo qaatay 2 March 2012. Barameter aan la aqoon
|ciwaan=
ignored (caawin); Hubi qiimaynta taariikhda:|archive-date=
(caawin) - ↑ "Nuqul Archive". Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 11 January 2012. Soo qaatay 6 April 2011. Barameter aan la aqoon
|ciwaan=
ignored (caawin) - ↑ 63.0 63.1 63.2 Sosyal 2011, 368 .
- ↑ OSCE 2010, 3 .
- ↑ IRIN Asia. http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=28663. Soo qaatay 17 March 2010. Maqan ama ebar
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(caawin) - ↑ "Nuqul Archive" (PDF). Konda Arastirma. September 2007. Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 25 March 2009. Soo qaatay 24 May 2013. Barameter aan la aqoon
|ciwaan=
ignored (caawin) - ↑ https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/is-turkey-in-europe-or-asia.html