WO2010074087A1 - 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料及び有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 - Google Patents
有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料及び有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010074087A1 WO2010074087A1 PCT/JP2009/071337 JP2009071337W WO2010074087A1 WO 2010074087 A1 WO2010074087 A1 WO 2010074087A1 JP 2009071337 W JP2009071337 W JP 2009071337W WO 2010074087 A1 WO2010074087 A1 WO 2010074087A1
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 190
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- -1 naphthalene-2,6-diyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 1369
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 256
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 113
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 claims description 75
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 74
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 66
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 65
- JZOIZKBKSZMVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo(a)triphenylene Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC3=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C21 JZOIZKBKSZMVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 45
- 125000003914 fluoranthenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C1=C23)* 0.000 claims description 42
- 150000001975 deuterium Chemical group 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 claims description 36
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 31
- SLGBZMMZGDRARJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 SLGBZMMZGDRARJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000005578 chrysene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- FTOVXSOBNPWTSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[b]fluoranthene Chemical group C12=CC=CC=C1C1=CC3=CC=CC=C3C3=C1C2=CC=C3 FTOVXSOBNPWTSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000005580 triphenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000001388 picenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=C3C4=CC=C5C=CC=CC5=C4C=CC3=C21)* 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002219 fluoranthenes Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003039 picenes Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003643 triphenylenes Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- DXBHBZVCASKNBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Benz(a)anthracene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=CC2=C1 DXBHBZVCASKNBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZDZHCHYQNPQSGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthalen-1-ylnaphthalene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C(C=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC=3)=CC=CC2=C1 ZDZHCHYQNPQSGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005582 pentacene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C21 IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical group 0.000 claims 6
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 claims 1
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-ALWQSETLSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=2[34S]C3=C(C=21)C=CC=C3 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-ALWQSETLSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 213
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 210
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 173
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 164
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 69
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 66
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 51
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 50
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 50
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 46
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- 238000001819 mass spectrum Methods 0.000 description 38
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 32
- NGZGJCQVEUFTHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-phenanthren-9-ylphenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=CC(C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C3C=2)=C1 NGZGJCQVEUFTHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 30
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 29
- 0 *1c2ccccc2-c2ccccc12 Chemical compound *1c2ccccc2-c2ccccc12 0.000 description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 25
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 24
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 22
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- OMRQZMZOVJEJGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-9,9-dimethyl-7-naphthalen-2-ylfluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C3=CC=C4C5=CC=C(Br)C=C5C(C4=C3)(C)C)=CC=C21 OMRQZMZOVJEJGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 18
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 17
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 16
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 14
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 13
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-[4-(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)phenyl]carbazole Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=C1 VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- SBCKOGLRKCATQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N (9,9-dimethyl-7-naphthalen-2-ylfluoren-2-yl)boronic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C3=CC=C4C5=CC=C(C=C5C(C4=C3)(C)C)B(O)O)=CC=C21 SBCKOGLRKCATQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 10
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- NHDIQVFFNDKAQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropan-2-yl borate Chemical compound CC(C)OB(OC(C)C)OC(C)C NHDIQVFFNDKAQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 8
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 8
- BRMXCUCHGKWTIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-phenanthren-9-ylphenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(B(O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C12 BRMXCUCHGKWTIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000001637 1-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 7
- 125000001622 2-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 7
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 125000002078 anthracen-1-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 7
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
- 125000003261 o-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- 125000002941 2-furyl group Chemical group O1C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 6
- 125000000389 2-pyrrolyl group Chemical group [H]N1C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 6
- 125000000175 2-thienyl group Chemical group S1C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 6
- 125000003682 3-furyl group Chemical group O1C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 6
- 125000001397 3-pyrrolyl group Chemical group [H]N1C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 6
- 125000001541 3-thienyl group Chemical group S1C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 6
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XPQFYYQKHUQWKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [6-(9,9-dimethylfluoren-2-yl)naphthalen-2-yl]boronic acid Chemical compound C1=C(B(O)O)C=CC2=CC(C3=CC=C4C5=CC=CC=C5C(C4=C3)(C)C)=CC=C21 XPQFYYQKHUQWKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000000748 anthracen-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 6
- QIXXMBYCFDAKNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[c]phenanthren-5-ylboronic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(B(O)O)=CC3=CC=C(C=CC=C4)C4=C3C2=C1 QIXXMBYCFDAKNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzopyrazine Natural products N1=CC=NC2=CC=CC=C21 XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 125000000040 m-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C(=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 6
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 125000001037 p-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- XYTJBFVTIVKXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (6-phenanthren-9-ylnaphthalen-2-yl)boronic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C3=CC4=CC=C(C=C4C=C3)B(O)O)=CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 XYTJBFVTIVKXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WGXJKFWCLFKGPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (7-phenanthren-9-ylnaphthalen-2-yl)boronic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=3C=CC4=CC=C(C=C4C=3)B(O)O)=CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 WGXJKFWCLFKGPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CTPUUDQIXKUAMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-3-iodobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC(I)=C1 CTPUUDQIXKUAMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000006083 1-bromoethyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000001478 1-chloroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(Cl)* 0.000 description 5
- QWIIGFRIVZZDCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-(3-bromophenyl)benzo[g]chrysene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC(C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=C4C=CC=CC4=C4C=CC=CC4=C3C=2)=C1 QWIIGFRIVZZDCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000001340 2-chloroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(Cl)C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- MNJMBVHRXXIFSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3-bromophenyl)fluoranthene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC(C=2C=3C=CC=C4C5=CC=CC=C5C(C=34)=CC=2)=C1 MNJMBVHRXXIFSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BYLXQIUHXDVHPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(3-bromophenyl)benzo[c]phenanthrene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC(C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=C3C=2)=C1 BYLXQIUHXDVHPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BDKRKRMAEYDIOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(3-bromophenyl)chrysene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC(C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=C4C=CC=CC4=C3C=2)=C1 BDKRKRMAEYDIOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000004218 chloromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(Cl)* 0.000 description 5
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000005549 heteroarylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- JCDAUYWOHOLVMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthren-9-ylboronic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(B(O)O)=CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 JCDAUYWOHOLVMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-8-ol Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- C07D307/77—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D307/91—Dibenzofurans; Hydrogenated dibenzofurans
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/917—Electroluminescent
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an organic electroluminescence element (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as an organic EL element) and a material for an organic electroluminescence element.
- an organic electroluminescence element including a light emitting layer that emits green light and a material for an organic electroluminescence element used therefor.
- An organic EL device having an organic thin film layer including a light emitting layer between an anode and a cathode and emitting light from exciton energy generated by recombination of holes and electrons injected into the light emitting layer is known. Yes.
- Such an organic EL element is expected as a light emitting element excellent in luminous efficiency, image quality, power consumption, and thin design, taking advantage of the self-luminous element.
- luminous efficiency can be mentioned.
- development of a light emitting material (phosphorescent material) that can emit light from triplet excitons has been progressed, and recently, an organic EL element that exhibits phosphorescence has been reported.
- a light-emitting layer (phosphorescent layer) using such a phosphorescent material, an internal quantum efficiency of 75% or more and theoretically close to 100% can be realized, and an organic EL element with high efficiency and low power consumption can be realized. can get.
- a doping method is known in which a host material is doped with a light emitting material as a dopant.
- excitons can be efficiently generated from the charge injected into the host material. And the exciton energy of the produced
- the excited triplet energy Eg (T) of the host material is larger than the excited triplet energy Eg (S) of the phosphorescent dopant. It is necessary.
- CBP 4,4′-bis (N-carbazolyl) biphenyl
- a material having an effectively large excited triplet energy see, for example, Patent Document 1. If this CBP is used as a host material, energy transfer to a phosphorescent dopant exhibiting a predetermined emission wavelength (for example, green, red) is possible, and a highly efficient organic EL device can be obtained.
- a phosphorescent dopant exhibiting a predetermined emission wavelength for example, green, red
- a highly efficient organic EL device can be obtained.
- the luminous efficiency is remarkably improved by phosphorescence emission, but the lifetime is very short and it is not suitable for practical use. This is presumably because the molecular stability of the CBP molecular structure is not high and the deterioration of the molecules due to holes is severe.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique in which a condensed ring derivative containing a nitrogen-containing ring such as carbazole is used as a host material for a phosphorescent layer that exhibits red phosphorescence. Although this technique has improved luminous efficiency and lifetime, there are cases where it is not sufficient for practical use.
- various host materials (fluorescent hosts) for fluorescent dopants that exhibit fluorescent emission are known, and various host materials that can form fluorescent light-emitting layers with excellent emission efficiency and long life in combination with fluorescent dopants have been proposed. Yes.
- the excited singlet energy Eg (S) is larger than that of the fluorescent dopant, but the excited triplet energy Eg (T) is not necessarily large. Cannot be diverted as.
- anthracene derivatives are well known as fluorescent hosts.
- an anthracene derivative has a relatively small excited triplet energy Eg (T) of about 1.9 eV.
- Eg (T) the energy transfer with respect to the phosphorescent dopant which has the light emission wavelength of the visible light region of 500 nm to 720 nm cannot be ensured.
- the excited triplet energy cannot be confined in the light emitting layer. Therefore, anthracene derivatives are unsuitable as phosphorescent hosts.
- perylene derivatives, pyrene derivatives, naphthacene derivatives, and the like are not preferable as a phosphorescent host for the same reason.
- Patent Document 3 an example using an aromatic hydrocarbon compound as a phosphorescent host is known (Patent Document 3).
- a compound having a benzene skeleton at the center and two aromatic groups as substituents bonded to the meta position is used as the phosphorescent host.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon compound of Patent Document 3 has a rigid and rigid molecular structure having five aromatic rings in which molecules are extended symmetrically with respect to the central benzene skeleton, and the light emitting layer has a light emitting layer. There is a concern that it is easy to crystallize.
- Patent Documents 4 to 6 disclose organic EL elements using various aromatic hydrocarbon compounds
- Patent Documents 7 to 9 disclose organic EL elements using various fluorene compounds.
- Patent Documents 10 to 15 describe devices using phosphorescent host materials using various fluorene compounds, and Patent Documents 11, 13, and 15 have a feature that a benzene ring is directly bonded to both ends of a fluorene ring.
- the divalent fluorene compound is disclosed, and Patent Document 12 discloses a compound in which the 9-position of fluorene is an aryl group.
- Patent Documents 8 and 16 disclose hydrocarbon compounds in which a condensed polycyclic aromatic ring and a fluorene ring are directly bonded.
- Patent Document 17 discloses a host material used for a phosphorescent light emitting device in which two or more fluorene rings and a naphthalene ring are essential.
- Patent Document 18 discloses a material in which divalent fluorene is bonded to a phenanthrene ring having a substituent and a benzene ring or other condensed polycyclic aromatic ring.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a phosphorescent organic EL device having high efficiency and a long lifetime, and an organic EL device material used therefor.
- the present inventors have made it possible to combine two or more condensed polycyclic aromatic rings in series with a fluorene, dibenzofuran or dibenzothiophene skeleton.
- the voltage can be lowered and the driving life can be improved compared to the conventional material group, and the device can be dramatically improved. Succeeded in improving lifespan.
- Ar 1 and Ar 3 are each independently a hydrogen atom (including deuterium atom), a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring residue, or a substituted or unsubstituted naphthalene ring, substituted or unsubstituted Chrysene ring, substituted or unsubstituted phenanthrene ring, substituted or unsubstituted benzophenanthrene ring, substituted or unsubstituted dibenzophenanthrene ring, substituted or unsubstituted triphenylene ring, substituted or unsubstituted benzo [a] triphenylene ring, substituted Or a substituted or unsubstituted condensed aromatic hydrocarbon selected from an unsubstituted benzochrysene ring, a substituted or unsubstituted fluoranthen
- Ar 2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring residue, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthalene ring residue, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenanthrene ring residue.
- A represents O, S or CR 1 R 2 .
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted carbon number 7 Represents a -24 aralkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- n represents an integer of 1 to 3.
- m represents an integer of 1 or 2.
- the following formula (A-1-a) in () n may be the same or different. ) 2.
- Ar 1 , Ar 3 , n and m are the same as above,
- Ar 2a is a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring or a substituted or unsubstituted phenanthrene ring residue.
- Ar 3 is a dibenzofuran ring. (It binds to the 6th or 7th position of the naphthalene ring residue bound to the residue.) 4).
- the material for an organic electroluminescence device represented by the following formula (A-4): (Wherein, Ar 1, Ar 3, n and m are as defined above, Ar 2b is .Ar 2b is a substituted or unsubstituted Natafuren ring residue binds to dibenzofuran ring residue at position 2 In this case, either Ar 1 or Ar 3 is bonded at the 6- or 7-position of the naphthalene ring residue to which each is bonded, and Ar 2b is not bonded to the dibenzofuran ring residue at the 2-position, Ar 3 is bonded to the 6th or 7th position of the naphthalene ring residue, except when both Ar 1 and Ar 3 are hydrogen.) 5).
- the material for an organic electroluminescence device represented by the following formula (A-5): (In the formula, Ar 1 , Ar 3 , R 1 , R 2 , n and m are the same as described above.) 6).
- Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 2a , Ar 2b , Ar 3 , R 1 and / or R 2 have one or more substituents
- the substituent is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 18 ring carbon atoms, a silyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a cyano group, a halogen atom, or 5.
- Ar 4 , Ar 5 and Ar 6 has an anthracene, pyrene, perylene, triphenylene, naphthacene or pentacene skeleton. Further, all of the following cases (1) to (6) are satisfied. (1) Except when Ar 4 is a naphthalene ring, phenanthrene ring, chrysene ring, benzoanthracene ring or fluoranthene ring, and Ar 5 is a fluorene ring. (2) Except when Ar 4 is a naphthalene ring, Ar 5 is a benzene ring, and Ar 6 is a benzene ring or a hydrogen atom.
- Ar 4 is a fluorene ring and Ar 6 is a hydrogen atom or a ⁇ -naphthyl group is excluded.
- Ar 5 is a benzene ring
- Ar 6 is a hydrogen atom.
- Ar 4 is any one of a benzene ring, a biphenyl ring, a naphthalene ring, a binaphthalene ring, and a fluorene ring
- Ar 5 is a fluoranthene ring.
- Ar 4 is a naphthalene ring
- Ar 5 is a naphthalene ring
- Ar 6 is a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring residue having 11 to 22 ring-forming carbon atoms (where Ar 4 is naphthalene-2,6 -Except for the case where it is a diyl group, Ar 5 is a naphthalene-2,6-diyl group, and Ar 6 is a ⁇ -naphthyl group) 10.
- Ar 4 is a naphthalene ring
- Ar 5 is a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring residue having 11 to 22 ring carbon atoms
- Ar 6 is a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom) (provided that Except for the following cases (1) to (3): (1) Ar 4 is a naphthalene-2,6-diyl group, Ar 5 is a ⁇ -naphthyl group, and Ar 6 is a hydrogen atom.
- Ar 4 is a naphthalene-1,4-diyl group or naphthalene-1,5-diyl group, Ar 5 is a fluoranthene ring, and Ar 6 is a hydrogen atom, or ( 3) Ar 4 is a naphthalene-1,4-diyl group, naphthalene-2,6-diyl group or naphthalene-2,8-diyl group, Ar 5 is a fluorene ring, and Ar 6 is hydrogen In the case of an atom)
- the condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon rings having 10 to 22 ring carbon atoms in Ar 4 to Ar 6 in the formula (B-1) are each independently a naphthalene ring, chrysene ring, phenanthrene ring, benzophenanthrene ring, dibenzo Selected from a phenanthrene ring, a benzo [a] triphenylene ring, a benzochrysene ring, a fluoranthene ring, a benzo [b] fluoranthene ring and a picene ring, and Ar 6 is a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom) or a carbon number of 10 to 22
- the condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon rings having 10 to 22 ring carbon atoms in Ar 5 and Ar 6 of the formula (B-4) are each independently a naphthalene ring, a chrysene ring, a phenanthrene ring, a benzophenanthrene ring, a dibenzo Selected from a phenanthrene ring, a benzo [a] triphenylene ring, a benzochrysene ring, a fluoranthene ring, a benzo [b] fluoranthene ring and a picene ring, and Ar 6 is a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom) or a carbon number of 10 to 22 15.
- the substituents are carbon An alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 18 ring carbon atoms, a silyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a cyano group, a halogen atom, or a ring carbon number of 6 18.
- the organic electroluminescent device material according to any one of 7 to 17, which is an aryl group of 19.
- a material for an organic electroluminescence device represented by the following formula (C-1): (Wherein Ar 7 to Ar 9 are each independently a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring, chrysene ring, phenanthrene ring, benzophenanthrene ring, dibenzophenanthrene ring, triphenylene ring, benzo [a] triphenylene ring, benzochrysene ring, fluoranthene Represents a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring residue selected from a ring, a benzo [b] fluoranthene ring, and a picene ring, and Ar 9 may be a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom).
- R 5 and R 6 each independently represents a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom), an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 12 ring carbon atoms.
- R 5 , R 6 , Ar 7 , Ar 8 and Ar 9 may each independently have a substituent. However, all of the following cases (1) to (4) are satisfied. (1) Except when Ar 7 is a benzene ring and Ar 8 is a benzene ring or a fluorene ring. (2) Except when Ar 9 is a hydrogen atom, and Ar 7 and Ar 8 are the same condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring residue. (3) Except when Ar 7 and Ar 8 -Ar 9 have the same structure.
- Ar 7 is a ⁇ -naphthyl group or naphthalene-2,6-diyl group
- Ar 8 is a naphthalene-2,6-diyl group
- Ar 9 is a ⁇ -naphthyl group.
- Ar 7 is a naphthalene ring
- Ar 8 is a benzene ring
- Ar 9 is a naphthalene ring, chrysene ring, phenanthrene ring, benzophenanthrene ring, dibenzophenanthrene ring, triphenylene ring, benzo [a] triphenylene ring, benzochrysene ring, 20.
- the material for an organic electroluminescence device which is a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring residue selected from a fluoranthene ring, a benzo [b] fluoranthene ring and a picene ring, 21.
- Ar 7 is a naphthalene ring
- Ar 8 is a naphthalene ring
- Ar 9 is a naphthalene ring, chrysene ring, phenanthrene ring, benzophenanthrene ring, dibenzophenanthrene ring, triphenylene ring, benzo [a] triphenylene ring, benzochrysene ring, A condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring residue selected from a fluoranthene ring, a benzo [b] fluoranthene ring and a picene ring (wherein Ar 7 is a ⁇ -naphthyl group and Ar 8 is a naphthalene-2,6-diyl group) And except for the case where Ar 9 is a ⁇ -naphthyl group), 22.
- Ar 7 and Ar 8 are each independently a naphthalene ring, chrysene ring, phenanthrene ring, benzophenanthrene ring, dibenzophenanthrene ring, triphenylene ring, benzo [a] triphenylene ring, benzochrysene ring, fluoranthene ring, benzo [b] fluoranthene ring And a material for an organic electroluminescent device as described in 19 above, wherein Ar 9 is a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom), and a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring residue selected from 23. 20.
- the material for an organic electroluminescence device represented by the following formula (C-2): (In the formula, Ar 7 , Ar 8 , Ar 9 , R 5 and R 6 are the same as described above.) 24.
- R 5 , R 6 , Ar 7 , Ar 8 and / or Ar 9 in the general formulas (C-1) and (C-2) have one or more substituents, the substituents have An alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 18 ring carbon atoms, a silyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a cyano group, a halogen atom, or 6 to 6 carbon atoms forming a ring 24.
- the substituents have 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Alkyl groups, haloalkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups having 5 to 18 ring carbon atoms, silyl groups having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, cyano groups, halogen atoms, or aryl groups having 6 to 22 ring carbon atoms The material for organic electroluminescence elements according to any one of the above 25, wherein 27.
- An organic thin film layer composed of one layer or a plurality of layers is provided between the cathode and the anode,
- the organic thin film layer has at least one light emitting layer, At least one of the light emitting layers is At least one phosphorescent material exhibiting phosphorescence, and
- An organic electroluminescence device comprising a host material represented by the following formula (A-1):
- Ar 1 and Ar 3 are each independently a hydrogen atom (including deuterium atom), a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring residue, or a substituted or unsubstituted naphthalene ring, substituted or unsubstituted Chrysene ring, substituted or unsubstituted phenanthrene ring, substituted or unsubstituted benzophenanthrene ring, substituted or unsubstituted dibenzophenanthrene ring, substituted or unsubstituted triphenylene ring, substituted or unsubstit
- Ar 2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring residue, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthalene ring residue, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenanthrene ring residue.
- A represents O, S or CR 1 R 2 .
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 ring carbon atoms, an aralkyl group having 7 to 24 carbon atoms, or 3 to 3 carbon atoms.
- 20 silyl groups are represented.
- n represents an integer of 1 to 3.
- m represents an integer of 1 or 2.
- the organic electroluminescence device wherein the formula (A-1) is represented by the following formula (A-3): (In the formula, Ar 1 , Ar 3 , n and m are the same as defined above, and Ar 2a is a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring or a substituted or unsubstituted phenanthrene ring. In this case, Ar 3 is a dibenzofuran ring residue. Bonded to the 6th or 7th position of the naphthalene ring residue bonded to the group.) 31. 29.
- the organic electroluminescence device wherein the formula (A-1) is represented by the following formula (A-4): (Wherein, Ar 1, Ar 3, n and m are as defined above, Ar 2b is .Ar 2b is a substituted or unsubstituted Natafuren ring residue binds to dibenzofuran ring residue at position 2 In this case, either Ar 1 or Ar 3 is bonded at the 6- or 7-position of the naphthalene ring residue to which each is bonded, and Ar 2b is not bonded to the dibenzofuran ring residue at the 2-position, Ar 3 is bonded to the 6th or 7th position of the naphthalene ring residue, except when both Ar 1 and Ar 3 are hydrogen.) 32.
- An organic thin film layer composed of one layer or a plurality of layers is provided between the cathode and the anode, the organic thin film layer has at least one light emitting layer, and at least one of the organic thin film layers is made of a phosphorescent material.
- An organic electroluminescence device comprising at least one material and the organic electroluminescence device material according to any one of 1 to 23 and 25 to 27; 33. 33. The organic electroluminescent device according to 32 above, wherein at least one of the light emitting layers contains the organic electroluminescent device material and at least one phosphorescent light emitting material. 34.
- the organic material according to 32 wherein the phosphorescent material contains a metal complex, and the metal complex has a metal atom selected from Ir, Pt, Os, Au, Cu, Re, and Ru, and a ligand.
- the organic electroluminescence device according to 32, wherein the excitation triplet energy of the material for the organic electroluminescence device is 2.0 eV or more and 2.8 eV or less, 37.
- the organic electroluminescence device according to 32 wherein a maximum value of emission wavelength of at least one of the phosphorescent materials is 520 nm or more and 720 nm or less, 38.
- the organic thin film layer has an electron transport layer or an electron injection layer between the cathode and the light emitting layer, and the electron transport layer or the electron injection layer has a nitrogen-containing 6-membered ring or a 5-membered ring skeleton. 33.
- the organic electroluminescence device according to 32 above comprising a condensed aromatic ring compound having an aromatic ring or a nitrogen-containing 6-membered ring or 5-membered ring skeleton, 40.
- the organic thin film layer has an electron transport layer or an electron injection layer between the cathode and the light emitting layer, and the electron transport layer or the electron injection layer contains the material for an organic electroluminescence element.
- 42. The organic electroluminescence device according to The organic electroluminescence device according to 32, wherein a reducing dopant is added to an interface region between the cathode and the organic thin film layer, Is to provide.
- the luminescent element material as a host material, particularly a phosphorescent host, a highly efficient and long-lived phosphorescent organic EL element can be provided.
- the organic EL element 1 includes a transparent substrate 2, an anode 3, a cathode 4, and an organic thin film layer 10 disposed between the anode 3 and the cathode 4.
- the organic thin film layer 10 includes a phosphorescent light emitting layer 5 containing a phosphorescent host as a host material and a phosphorescent dopant as a phosphorescent light emitting material, and a hole injection / transport layer 6 and the like between the phosphorescent light emitting layer 5 and the anode 3, An electron injection / transport layer 7 or the like may be provided between the phosphorescent light emitting layer 5 and the cathode 4.
- an electron barrier layer may be provided on the phosphorescent light emitting layer 5 on the anode 3 side, and a hole barrier layer may be provided on the phosphorescent light emitting layer 5 on the cathode 4 side.
- the terms fluorescent host and phosphorescent host are called a fluorescent host when combined with a fluorescent dopant, and are called a phosphorescent host when combined with a phosphorescent dopant. It is not limited to fluorescent hosts or phosphorescent hosts.
- the fluorescent host means a material constituting the fluorescent light-emitting layer containing a fluorescent dopant, and does not mean a material that can be used only for the host of the fluorescent material.
- a phosphorescent host means a material constituting a phosphorescent light emitting layer containing a phosphorescent dopant, and does not mean a material that can be used only as a host of the phosphorescent light emitting material.
- hole injection / transport layer means “at least one of a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer”
- electron injection / transport layer means “electron injection layer”. And at least one of the electron transport layer ”.
- the organic EL element is manufactured on a light-transmitting substrate.
- the translucent substrate referred to here is a substrate that supports the organic EL element, and is preferably a smooth substrate having a light transmittance in the visible region of 400 to 700 nm of 50% or more.
- a glass plate, a polymer plate, etc. are mentioned.
- the glass plate include soda lime glass, barium / strontium-containing glass, lead glass, aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, barium borosilicate glass, and quartz.
- the polymer plate include polycarbonate, acrylic, polyethylene terephthalate, polyether sulfide, and polysulfone.
- the anode of the organic EL element plays a role of injecting holes into the hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, or the light emitting layer, and it is effective to have a work function of 4.5 eV or more.
- Specific examples of the anode material include indium tin oxide alloy (ITO), tin oxide (NESA), indium zinc oxide, gold, silver, platinum, copper, and the like.
- the anode can be produced by forming a thin film of these electrode materials by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering.
- the light transmittance in the visible region of the anode be greater than 10%.
- the sheet resistance of the anode is preferably several hundred ⁇ / ⁇ or less.
- the film thickness of the anode depends on the material, but is usually selected in the range of 10 nm to 1 ⁇ m, preferably 10 to 200 nm.
- the cathode a material having a small work function is preferable for the purpose of injecting electrons into the electron injection layer, the electron transport layer, or the light emitting layer.
- the cathode material is not particularly limited, and specifically, indium, aluminum, magnesium, magnesium-indium alloy, magnesium-aluminum alloy, aluminum-lithium alloy, aluminum-scandium-lithium alloy, magnesium-silver alloy and the like can be used.
- the cathode can be produced by forming a thin film by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering.
- the aspect which takes out light emission from a cathode side is also employable.
- the light emitting layer of the organic EL element has the following functions. That is, (1) Injection function; a function capable of injecting holes from an anode or a hole injection layer when an electric field is applied, and a function of injecting electrons from a cathode or an electron injection layer; (2) Transport function; function to move injected charges (electrons and holes) by the force of electric field, (3) Luminescent function; a function to provide a field for recombination of electrons and holes and connect this to light emission, There is. However, there may be a difference in the ease with which holes are injected and the ease with which electrons are injected, and the transport ability represented by the mobility of holes and electrons may be large or small.
- the light emitting layer is preferably a molecular deposited film.
- the molecular deposition film is a thin film formed by deposition from a material compound in a gas phase state or a film formed by solidification from a material compound in a solution state or a liquid phase state. Can be classified from a thin film (accumulated film) formed by the LB method according to a difference in an agglomerated structure and a higher-order structure and a functional difference resulting therefrom.
- a binder such as a resin and a material compound are dissolved in a solvent to form a solution, which is then thinned by a spin coating method or the like.
- a light emitting layer can be formed.
- the thickness of the light emitting layer is preferably 5 to 50 nm, more preferably 7 to 50 nm, and most preferably 10 to 50 nm. If the thickness is less than 5 nm, it is difficult to form a light emitting layer, and it may be difficult to adjust the chromaticity. If the thickness exceeds 50 nm, the driving voltage may increase.
- the organic EL device of the present invention includes an organic thin film layer composed of one layer or a plurality of layers between a cathode and an anode, and the organic thin film layer has at least one light emitting layer, and at least one of the organic thin film layers.
- the layer includes at least one phosphorescent light emitting material and at least one selected from materials A to C for organic electroluminescence elements of the present invention described later.
- at least one of the light emitting layers contains the material for an organic electroluminescence element of the present invention and at least one phosphorescent light emitting material.
- organic electroluminescent element material A The organic electroluminescent element material A of the present invention is represented by the following formula (A-1), and is preferably represented by the following formulas (A-2) to (A-5).
- Ar 1 and Ar 3 are each independently a hydrogen atom (including deuterium atom), a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring residue, or a substituted or unsubstituted naphthalene ring, substituted or unsubstituted Chrysene ring, substituted or unsubstituted phenanthrene ring, substituted or unsubstituted benzophenanthrene ring, substituted or unsubstituted dibenzophenanthrene ring, substituted or unsubstituted triphenylene ring, substituted or unsubstituted benzo [a] triphenylene ring, substituted Or a substituted or unsubstituted condensed aromatic hydrocarbon selected from an unsubstituted benzochrysene ring, a substituted or unsubstituted fluoranthene ring, a substituted or unsubstituted benzo [b] fluoranthene ring
- Ar 2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthalene ring, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenanthrene ring residue.
- A represents O, S or CR 1 R 2 .
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted carbon number 7 Represents a -24 aralkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- n represents an integer of 1 to 3.
- m represents an integer of 1 or 2. When n is 2 or more, the following formula (A-1-a) in () n may be the same or different. )
- Ar 2a is a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring or a substituted or unsubstituted phenanthrene ring residue.
- Ar 3 is a dibenzofuran ring. (It binds to the 6th or 7th position of the naphthalene ring residue bound to the residue.)
- Ar 2b is .
- Ar 2b is a substituted or unsubstituted Natafuren ring residue binds to dibenzofuran ring residue at position 2
- Ar 1 or Ar 3 is bonded at the 6- or 7-position of the naphthalene ring residue to which each is bonded, and Ar 2b is not bonded to the dibenzofuran ring residue at the 2-position, Ar 3 is bonded to the 6th or 7th position of the naphthalene ring residue.
- the substituents are An alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 18 ring carbon atoms, a silyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a cyano group, a halogen atom, or a ring forming carbon
- An aryl group having a number of 6 to 22 is preferable.
- the organic electroluminescent element material B of the present invention is represented by the following formula (B-1), and preferably represented by the following formulas (B-2) to (B-4).
- R 3 and R 4 each independently represents a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom), an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 12 ring carbon atoms;
- Ar 4 Is a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring residue having 10 to 22 ring carbon atoms
- Ar 5 is a benzene ring or a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring residue having 10 to 22 ring carbon atoms
- Ar 6 is a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom), a benzene ring or a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring residue having 10 to 22 ring carbon atoms
- R 3 , R 4 , Ar 4 , Ar 5 and Ar 6 may each independently have a substituent.
- Ar 4 , Ar 5 and Ar 6 has an anthracene, pyrene, perylene, triphenylene, naphthacene or pentacene skeleton. Further, all of the following cases (1) to (6) are satisfied. (1) Except when Ar 4 is a naphthalene ring, phenanthrene ring, chrysene ring, benzoanthracene ring or fluoranthene ring, and Ar 5 is a fluorene ring. (2) Except when Ar 4 is a naphthalene ring, Ar 5 is a benzene ring, and Ar 6 is a benzene ring or a hydrogen atom.
- Ar 4 is a fluorene ring and Ar 6 is a hydrogen atom or a ⁇ -naphthyl group is excluded.
- Ar 5 is a benzene ring
- Ar 6 is a hydrogen atom.
- Ar 4 is any one of a benzene ring, a biphenyl ring, a naphthalene ring, a binaphthalene ring, and a fluorene ring
- Ar 5 is a fluoranthene ring.
- Ar 4 is preferably a naphthalene ring
- Ar 5 is a benzene ring
- Ar 6 is a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring residue having 10 to 22 ring carbon atoms.
- Ar 6 is preferably a phenanthryl group, a benzophenanthryl group, a dibenzophenanthryl group, a chrycenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylene group, or a benzotriphenylene group.
- Ar 4 is preferably a naphthalene ring, Ar 5 is a naphthalene ring, and Ar 6 is a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring residue having 10 to 22 ring carbon atoms. In this case, however, Ar 4 is a naphthalene-2,6-diyl group, Ar 5 is a naphthalene-2,6-diyl group, and Ar 6 is a ⁇ -naphthyl group.
- Ar 6 is preferably a phenanthryl group, a benzophenanthryl group, a dibenzophenanthryl group, a chrycenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylene group, or a benzotriphenylene group.
- Ar 4 is preferably a naphthalene ring
- Ar 5 is a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring residue having 11 to 22 ring carbon atoms
- Ar 6 is a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom). .
- any of the following cases (1) to (3) is excluded.
- Ar 4 is a naphthalene-2,6-diyl group
- a 5 is a ⁇ -naphthyl group
- Ar 6 is a hydrogen atom
- Ar 4 is naphthalene-1,4-diyl A group or a naphthalene-1,5-diyl group
- Ar 5 is a fluoranthene ring
- Ar 6 is a hydrogen atom
- Ar 4 is a naphthalene-1,4-diyl group, naphthalene-2 , 6-diyl group or naphthalene-2,8-diyl group
- Ar 5 is a fluorene ring
- Ar 6 is a hydrogen atom.
- Ar 5 is preferably a phenanthrene ring, benzophenanthrene ring, dibenzophenanthrene ring, chrysene ring, fluoranthene ring, triphenylene ring or benzotriphenylene ring.
- Ar 4 is a fluoranthene ring, a phenanthrene ring, or a chrysene ring
- Ar 5 is a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring having 10 to 22 ring carbon atoms
- Ar 6 is a hydrogen atom (deuterium atom). Including).
- Ar 5 is preferably a naphthalene ring, a phenanthrene ring, a benzophenanthrene ring, a dibenzophenanthrene ring, a chrysene ring, a fluoranthene ring, a triphenylene ring or a benzotriphenylene ring.
- the condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring having 10 to 22 ring carbon atoms in Ar 4 to Ar 6 in the formula (B-1) is independently a naphthalene ring, chrysene ring, phenanthrene ring, benzophenanthrene ring, dibenzo It is preferably selected from a phenanthrene ring, a benzo [a] triphenylene ring, a benzochrysene ring, a fluoranthene ring, a benzo [b] fluoranthene ring and a picene ring, and Ar 6 is a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom) or the ring-forming carbon It preferably represents a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring residue of several 10 to 22.
- the condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon rings having 10 to 22 ring carbon atoms in Ar 5 and Ar 6 of the formula (B-4) are each independently a naphthalene ring, a chrysene ring, a phenanthrene ring, a benzophenanthrene ring, a dibenzo It is preferably selected from a phenanthrene ring, a benzo [a] triphenylene ring, a benzochrysene ring, a fluoranthene ring, a benzo [b] fluoranthene ring and a picene ring, and Ar 6 is a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom) or the ring-forming carbon It preferably represents a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring residue of several 10 to 22.
- R 3 and R 4 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a phenyl group.
- the organic electroluminescent element material C of the present invention is represented by the following formula (C-1), and preferably represented by the following formulas (C-2) to (C-6).
- the equations (C-1) to (C-6) do not include the right and left target structures.
- Ar 7 to Ar 9 are each independently a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring, chrysene ring, phenanthrene ring, benzophenanthrene ring, dibenzophenanthrene ring, triphenylene ring, benzo [a] triphenylene ring, benzochrysene ring, fluoranthene Represents a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring residue selected from a ring, a benzo [b] fluoranthene ring, and a picene ring, and Ar 9 may be a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom).
- R 5 and R 6 each independently represents a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom), an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 12 ring carbon atoms.
- R 5 , R 6 , Ar 7 , Ar 8 and Ar 9 may each independently have a substituent. However, all of the following cases (1) to (4) are satisfied. (1) Except when Ar 7 is a benzene ring and Ar 8 is a benzene ring or a fluorene ring. (2) Except when Ar 9 is a hydrogen atom, and Ar 7 and Ar 8 are the same condensed aromatic hydrocarbon ring residue. (3) Except when Ar 7 and Ar 8 -Ar 9 have the same structure.
- Ar 7 is a ⁇ -naphthyl group or naphthalene-2,6-diyl group
- Ar 8 is a naphthalene-2,6-diyl group
- Ar 9 is a ⁇ -naphthyl group.
- Ar 7 is a naphthalene ring
- Ar 8 is a benzene ring
- Ar 9 is a naphthalene ring, chrysene ring, phenanthrene ring, benzophenanthrene ring, dibenzophenanthrene ring, triphenylene ring, benzo [a] triphenylene ring, benzochrysene ring,
- a case of a fused aromatic hydrocarbon ring residue selected from a fluoranthene ring, a benzo [b] fluoranthene ring and a picene ring is preferred.
- Ar 9 is preferably a chrysene ring, a phenanthrene ring, a benzophenanthrene ring, a dibenzophenanthrene ring, a triphenylene ring, a benzo [a] triphenylene ring, a benzochrysene ring, or a fluoranthene ring.
- Ar 7 is a naphthalene ring
- Ar 8 is a naphthalene ring
- Ar 9 is a naphthalene ring, chrysene ring, phenanthrene ring, benzophenanthrene ring, dibenzophenanthrene ring, triphenylene ring, benzo [a] triphenylene ring, benzochrysene ring,
- a case of a fused aromatic hydrocarbon ring residue selected from a fluoranthene ring, a benzo [b] fluoranthene ring and a picene ring is preferred.
- Ar 7 is a ⁇ -naphthyl group
- Ar 8 is a naphthalene-2,6-diyl group
- Ar 9 is a ⁇ -naphthyl group.
- Ar 9 is preferably a phenanthrene ring.
- Ar 7 and Ar 8 are independently naphthalene ring, chrysene ring, phenanthrene ring, benzophenanthrene ring, dibenzophenanthrene ring, triphenylene ring, benzo [a] triphenylene ring, benzochrysene ring, fluoranthene ring, benzo [b] fluoranthene ring and picene
- Preferred is a fused aromatic hydrocarbon ring residue selected from a ring
- Ar 9 is hydrogen.
- Ar 7 and Ar 8 are preferably independently a benzophenanthrene ring, a benzo [a] triphenylene ring, or a fluoranthene ring.
- R 5 , R 6 , Ar 7 , Ar 8 and / or Ar 9 in the general formulas (C-1) and (C-2) have one or more substituents
- the substituents have An alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 18 ring carbon atoms, a silyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a cyano group, a halogen atom, or 6 to 6 carbon atoms forming a ring It is preferably 22 aryl groups.
- R 5 , R 6 , Ar 7 and / or Ar 9 when R 5 , R 6 , Ar 7 and / or Ar 9 have one or more substituents, the substituents have 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the organic electroluminescent device materials A to C of the present invention have a large triplet energy gap (excited triplet energy), they can be phosphorescent by transferring energy to the phosphorescent dopant.
- anthracene derivatives well known as fluorescent hosts are also unsuitable as a phosphorescent dopant for red light emission, but the host of the present invention has a large triplet energy gap.
- CBP which is a well-known phosphorescent host, functions as a host for phosphorescent dopants having a wavelength shorter than that of green, the host material of the present invention only emits phosphorescent dopants that emit green light. I can't.
- the skeleton of the host material has a polycyclic fused ring containing no nitrogen atom in the partial structure, whereby the stability of the molecule can be increased and the device life can be extended. At this time, if the number of nucleus atoms in the skeleton is too small, the stability of the molecule is not sufficiently increased. On the other hand, if the number of condensed rings of the polycyclic fused ring constituting the host material is too large, the HOMO-LUMO gap becomes narrow and the triplet energy gap becomes less than the useful emission wavelength.
- the host material made of the organic electroluminescent element material of the present invention has an appropriate number of nucleus atoms, and therefore can be suitably used as a phosphorescent host of a phosphorescent light-emitting layer exhibiting a useful emission wavelength and high stability. it can.
- CBP triplet energy gap
- Eg (T) the triplet energy gap
- the present invention is not applicable to a phosphorescent dopant host having a wider gap than blue, but functions as a host for a red or green phosphorescent dopant.
- the triplet energy gap is too wide like CBP, there is a problem that the energy gap difference is too large for the green phosphorescent dopant and the intermolecular energy transfer is not performed efficiently.
- the host material since the energy gap is suitable for the green phosphorescent dopant, the energy can be efficiently transferred from the host exciton to the phosphorescent dopant, and a highly efficient phosphorescent light emitting layer can be formed. Can be configured.
- a highly efficient and long-lived phosphorescent light emitting layer can be formed.
- the triplet energy gap Eg (T) of the material constituting the organic EL element is exemplified based on the phosphorescence emission spectrum.
- a triplet energy gap Eg (T) is a value obtained by drawing a tangent line to the short-wavelength rise of the obtained phosphorescence spectrum and converting the wavelength value of the intersection of the tangent line and the base line into energy.
- a commercially available measuring device F-4500 manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.
- any value that can be defined as a triplet energy gap without departing from the gist of the present invention is acceptable, regardless of such rules.
- the substituent is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 18 ring carbon atoms, a carbon number
- a silyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a cyano group, a halogen atom, or an aryl group having 6 to 22 ring carbon atoms is preferable.
- the fluorene ring in the formulas (A-1) to (A-5), (B-1) to (B-4) and (C-1) to (C-6) has 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- An alkyl group, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 18 ring carbon atoms, a silyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a cyano group, a halogen atom, or an aryl group having 6 to 22 ring carbon atoms As a substituent. Since the substituent does not have a nitrogen atom, the stability of the host material can be further increased and the device life can be extended.
- the number of aryl groups that Ar 1 to Ar 9 and / or R 1 to R 6 have as a substituent is preferably 2 or less for each of Ar 1 to Ar 9 and / or R 1 to R 6 . One or less is more preferable.
- alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms examples include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, s-butyl group, isobutyl group, t-butyl group, n-pentyl group, n -Hexyl group, n-heptyl group, n-octyl group, n-nonyl group, n-decyl group, n-undecyl group, n-dodecyl group, n-tridecyl group, n-tetradecyl group, n-pentadecyl group, n -Hexadecyl group, n-heptadecyl group, n-octadecyl group, neopentyl group, 1-methylpentyl group, 2-methylpentyl group, 1-pentylhexyl group, 1-
- haloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms examples include chloromethyl group, 1-chloroethyl group, 2-chloroethyl group, 2-chloroisobutyl group, 1,2-dichloroethyl group, 1,3-dichloroisopropyl group, 2,3-dichloro-t-butyl group, 1,2,3-trichloropropyl group, bromomethyl group, 1-bromoethyl group, 2-bromoethyl group, 2-bromoisobutyl group, 1,2-dibromoethyl group, 1, 3-dibromoisopropyl group, 2,3-dibromo-t-butyl group, 1,2,3-tribromopropyl group, iodomethyl group, 1-iodoethyl group, 2-iodoethyl group, 2-iodoisobutyl group, 1,2 -Diiodoethyl
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group having 5 to 18 ring carbon atoms include a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cyclooctyl group, a 3,5-tetramethylcyclohexyl group, and the like.
- the silyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms is preferably, for example, an alkylsilyl group, an arylsilyl group, or an aralkylsilyl group.
- Examples include a trimethylsilyl group, a triethylsilyl group, a tributylsilyl group, a trioctylsilyl group, Triisobutylsilyl group, dimethylethylsilyl group, dimethylisoproylsilyl group, dimethylpropylsilyl group, dimethylbutylsilyl group, dimethyltertiarybutylsilyl group, diethylisopropylsilyl group, phenyldimethylsilyl group, diphenylmethylsilyl group, diphenyltersia
- Examples thereof include a butyl silyl group and a triphenyl silyl group.
- Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom
- Examples of the aryl group having 6 to 22 ring carbon atoms include a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a 9,10-dialkylfluorenyl group, and a 9,10-diarylfullyl group.
- Olenyl group, triphenylenyl group, phenanthrenyl group and dibenzofuranyl group are preferable, more preferably phenyl group having 6 to 18 ring carbon atoms, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthyl group, and 9,10-dimethylfluorenyl group.
- a triphenylenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, and a dibenzofuranyl group and more preferably a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, and a dibenzofuranyl group having 6 to 14 ring carbon atoms.
- the excitation triplet energy of the said organic electroluminescent element material is 2.0 eV or more and 2.8 eV or less.
- the excited triplet energy is 2.0 eV or more, energy transfer to a phosphorescent material that emits light at 500 nm or more and 720 nm or less is possible. If it is 2.8 eV or less, it is possible to avoid the problem that the difference in energy gap with respect to the red phosphorescent dopant is too large to emit light efficiently.
- the excited triplet energy of the organic electroluminescent element material is more preferably 2.1 eV or more and 2.7 eV or less.
- Specific examples of the material for an organic electroluminescence device of the present invention represented by the formulas (A-1) to (A-5) include the following compounds.
- Specific examples of the material for an organic electroluminescence device of the present invention represented by the formulas (B-1) to (B-4) include the following compounds.
- a compound can also be used as a material for an organic electroluminescence device.
- the phosphorescent material contains a metal complex, and the metal complex has a metal atom selected from Ir, Pt, Os, Au, Cu, Re, and Ru, and a ligand.
- the metal complex has a metal atom selected from Ir, Pt, Os, Au, Cu, Re, and Ru, and a ligand.
- Is preferred.
- the ligand preferably has an ortho metal bond.
- a compound containing a metal selected from iridium (Ir), osmium (Os) and platinum (Pt) is preferable in that the phosphorescent quantum yield is high and the external quantum efficiency of the light-emitting element can be further improved.
- metal complexes such as iridium complexes, osmium complexes, and platinum complexes are more preferable, among which iridium complexes and platinum complexes are more preferable, and orthometalated iridium complexes are most preferable. Specific examples of preferable metal complexes are shown below.
- At least one of the phosphorescent materials included in the light emitting layer has a maximum emission wavelength of 500 nm to 720 nm.
- a highly efficient organic EL device can be obtained by forming a light emitting layer by doping a phosphorescent light emitting material (phosphorescent dopant) having such an emission wavelength into a specific host material used in the present invention.
- the organic EL device of the present invention preferably has a hole transport layer (hole injection layer), and the hole transport layer (hole injection layer) preferably contains the organic EL device material of the present invention.
- the organic EL device of the invention has at least one of an electron transport layer and a hole barrier layer, and at least one of the electron transport layer and the hole barrier layer is made of the material for an organic EL device of the present invention. Even if it contains, it is preferable.
- the organic EL device of the present invention preferably has a reducing dopant in the interface region between the cathode and the organic thin film layer. According to such a configuration, it is possible to improve the light emission luminance and extend the life of the organic EL element.
- the reducing dopant was selected from alkali metals, alkali metal complexes, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metals, alkaline earth metal complexes, alkaline earth metal compounds, rare earth metals, rare earth metal complexes, rare earth metal compounds, and the like. There is at least one kind.
- alkali metal examples include Na (work function: 2.36 eV), K (work function: 2.28 eV), Rb (work function: 2.16 eV), Cs (work function: 1.95 eV), and the like.
- a function of 2.9 eV or less is particularly preferable. Of these, K, Rb, and Cs are preferred, Rb and Cs are more preferred, and Cs is most preferred.
- Examples of the alkaline earth metal include Ca (work function: 2.9 eV), Sr (work function: 2.0 to 2.5 eV), Ba (work function: 2.52 eV), and the like. The thing below 9 eV is especially preferable.
- rare earth metals include Sc, Y, Ce, Tb, Yb, and the like, and those having a work function of 2.9 eV or less are particularly preferable.
- preferred metals are particularly high in reducing ability, and by adding a relatively small amount to the electron injection region, it is possible to improve the light emission luminance and extend the life of the organic EL element.
- alkali metal compound examples include alkali oxides such as Li 2 O, Cs 2 O, and K 2 O, and alkali halides such as LiF, NaF, CsF, and KF, and LiF, Li 2 O, and NaF are preferable.
- alkaline earth metal compound examples include BaO, SrO, CaO, and Ba x Sr 1-x O (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), Ba x Ca 1-x O (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1) mixed with these. BaO, SrO, and CaO are preferable.
- the rare earth metal compound, YbF 3, ScF 3, ScO 3, Y 2 O 3, Ce 2 O 3, GdF 3, TbF 3 and the like, YbF 3, ScF 3, TbF 3 are preferable.
- the alkali metal complex, alkaline earth metal complex, and rare earth metal complex are not particularly limited as long as each metal ion contains at least one of an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion, and a rare earth metal ion.
- the ligands include quinolinol, benzoquinolinol, acridinol, phenanthridinol, hydroxyphenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxydiaryloxadiazole, hydroxydiarylthiadiazole, hydroxyphenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxybenzotriazole, Hydroxyfulborane, bipyridyl, phenanthroline, phthalocyanine, porphyrin, cyclopentadiene, ⁇ -diketones, azomethines, and derivatives thereof are preferred, but not limited thereto.
- the addition form of the reducing dopant it is preferable to form a layered or island-like shape in the interface region.
- a formation method a method in which a reducing dopant is deposited in the organic material by simultaneously depositing a light emitting material forming an interface region or an organic material that is an electron injection material while depositing a reducing dopant by a resistance heating vapor deposition method is preferable.
- the reducing dopant is vapor-deposited by a resistance heating vapor deposition method. Formed at 1 to 15 nm.
- the reducing dopant is formed in an island shape
- the reducing dopant is vapor-deposited by a resistance heating vapor deposition method alone, preferably the thickness of the island It is formed with 0.05 to 1 nm.
- the organic EL device of the present invention preferably has an electron injection layer between the light emitting layer and the cathode, and the electron injection layer preferably contains a nitrogen-containing ring derivative as a main component.
- the electron injection layer may be a layer that functions as an electron transport layer. “As a main component” means that the electron injection layer contains 50% by mass or more of a nitrogen-containing ring derivative.
- the electron injection layer or the electron transport layer is a layer that assists the injection of electrons into the light emitting layer, and has a high electron mobility.
- the electron injection layer is provided to adjust the energy level, for example, to alleviate a sudden change in the energy level.
- an aromatic heterocyclic compound containing at least one hetero atom in the molecule is preferably used, and a nitrogen-containing ring derivative is particularly preferable.
- a nitrogen-containing ring derivative an aromatic ring having a nitrogen-containing 6-membered ring or 5-membered ring skeleton, or a condensed aromatic ring compound having a nitrogen-containing 6-membered ring or 5-membered ring skeleton is preferable.
- R 2 to R 7 are each independently a hydrogen atom (including deuterium atom), halogen atom, oxy group, amino group, hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, alkoxy group, aryloxy group, alkoxycarbonyl group Or a heterocyclic group, which may be substituted.
- the halogen atom include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine and the like.
- the optionally substituted amino group include an alkylamino group, an arylamino group, and an aralkylamino group.
- the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms include a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, alkenyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, aralkyl group and the like.
- alkyl group examples include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, s-butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, and n-heptyl.
- n-octyl group n-nonyl group, n-decyl group, n-undecyl group, n-dodecyl group, n-tridecyl group, n-tetradecyl group, n-pentadecyl group, n-hexadecyl group, n-heptadecyl group Group, n-octadecyl group, neopentyl group, 1-methylpentyl group, 2-methylpentyl group, 1-pentylhexyl group, 1-butylpentyl group, 1-heptyloctyl group, 3-methylpentyl group, hydroxymethyl group, 1-hydroxyethyl group, 2-hydroxyethyl group, 2-hydroxyisobutyl group, 1,2-dihydroxyethyl group, 1,3-di Droxyisopropyl group, 2,3-dihydroxy-t-butyl group,
- a methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, s-butyl group, isobutyl group, t-butyl group, n-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, n-heptyl group are preferable.
- N-octyl group N-octyl group, n-nonyl group, n-decyl group, n-undecyl group, n-dodecyl group, n-tridecyl group, n-tetradecyl group, n-pentadecyl group, n-hexadecyl group, n-heptadecyl group N-octadecyl group, neopentyl group, 1-methylpentyl group, 1-pentylhexyl group, 1-butylpentyl group, 1-heptyloctyl group.
- alkenyl groups include vinyl, allyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1,3-butanedienyl, 1-methylvinyl, styryl, and 2,2-diphenylvinyl.
- 1,2-diphenylvinyl group 1-methylallyl group, 1,1-dimethylallyl group, 2-methylallyl group, 1-phenylallyl group, 2-phenylallyl group, 3-phenylallyl group, 3,3- A diphenylallyl group, a 1,2-dimethylallyl group, a 1-phenyl-1-butenyl group, a 3-phenyl-1-butenyl group, and the like, preferably a styryl group, a 2,2-diphenylvinyl group, 1, Examples include 2-diphenylvinyl group.
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group include a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cyclooctyl group, a 3,5-tetramethylcyclohexyl group, and the like, and a cyclohexyl group, a cyclooctyl group, and a 3,5-tetramethylcyclohexyl group are preferable.
- An alkoxy group is a group represented by —OY. Specific examples of Y include the same as those described for the alkyl group, and preferred examples are also the same.
- Non-condensed aryl groups include, for example, phenyl, biphenyl-2-yl, biphenyl-3-yl, biphenyl-4-yl, p-terphenyl-4-yl, p-terphenyl-3- Yl, p-terphenyl-2-yl, m-terphenyl-4-yl, m-terphenyl-3-yl, m-terphenyl-2-yl, o-tolyl, m- Tolyl, p-tolyl, pt-butylphenyl, p- (2-phenylpropyl) phenyl, 4'-methylbiphenylyl, 4 "-t-butyl-p-terphenyl-4-yl Group, o-cumenyl group, m-cumenyl group, p-cumenyl group, 2,3-xylyl group, 3,4-xylyl group, 2,5-xylyl group,
- the fused aryl group include a 1-naphthyl group and a 2-naphthyl group.
- the heterocyclic group is a monocyclic ring or a condensed ring, preferably a heterocyclic group having 1 to 20 ring forming carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 12 ring forming carbon atoms, and further preferably 2 to 10 ring forming carbon atoms.
- heterocyclic group examples include, for example, pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine, thiophene, selenophene, furan, pyrrole, imidazole, pyrazole, pyridine, pyrazine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, triazole, triazine, indole, indazole, purine, Thiazoline, thiazole, thiadiazole, oxazoline, oxazole, oxadiazole, quinoline, isoquinoline, phthalazine, naphthyridine, quinoxaline, quinazoline, cinnoline, pteridine, acridine, phenanthroline, phenazine, tetrazole, benzimidazole, benzoxazole, benzothiazole, benzotriazole, Groups derived from tetrazaindene, carbazole, aze,
- aralkyl group examples include benzyl group, 1-phenylethyl group, 2-phenylethyl group, 1-phenylisopropyl group, 2-phenylisopropyl group, phenyl-t-butyl group, ⁇ -naphthylmethyl group, 1- ⁇ -Naphthylethyl group, 2- ⁇ -naphthylethyl group, 1- ⁇ -naphthylisopropyl group, 2- ⁇ -naphthylisopropyl group, ⁇ -naphthylmethyl group, 1- ⁇ -naphthylethyl group, 2- ⁇ -naphthylethyl group 1- ⁇ -naphthylisopropyl group, 2- ⁇ -naphthylisopropyl group, p-methylbenzyl group, m-methylbenzyl group, o-methylbenzyl group, p-chloro
- benzyl group, p-cyanobenzyl group, m-cyanobenzyl group, o-cyanobenzyl group, 1-phenylethyl group, 2-phenylethyl group, 1-phenylisopropyl group, 2-phenylisopropyl group are preferable. It is.
- the aryloxy group is represented as —OY ′, and examples of Y ′ include phenyl group, 1-naphthyl group, 2-naphthyl group, 1-anthryl group, 2-anthryl group, 9-anthryl group, 1-phenanthryl group.
- the heteroaryloxy group is represented by —OZ ′, and examples of Z ′ include 2-pyrrolyl group, 3-pyrrolyl group, pyrazinyl group, 2-pyridinyl group, 3-pyridinyl group, 4-pyridinyl Group, 2-indolyl group, 3-indolyl group, 4-indolyl group, 5-indolyl group, 6-indolyl group, 7-indolyl group, 1-isoindolyl group, 3-isoindolyl group, 4-isoindolyl group, 5-isoindolyl group Group, 6-isoindolyl group, 7-isoindolyl group, 2-furyl group, 3-furyl group, 2-benzofuranyl group, 3-benzofuranyl group, 4-benzofuranyl group, 5-benzofuranyl group, 6-benzofuranyl group, 7-benzofuranyl group Group, 1-isobenz
- the alkoxycarbonyl group is represented as —COOY ′, and examples of Y ′ include those similar to the alkyl group.
- the alkylamino group and the aralkylamino group are represented as —NQ 1 Q 2 . Specific examples of Q 1 and Q 2 are independently the same as those described for the alkyl group and the aralkyl group, and preferred examples are also the same.
- One of Q 1 and Q 2 may be a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom).
- the arylamino group is represented by —NAr 1 Ar 2, and specific examples of Ar 1 and Ar 2 are the same as those described for the non-condensed aryl group and the fused aryl, respectively.
- One of Ar 1 and Ar 2 may be a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom).
- M is aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga) or indium (In), and is preferably In.
- L in the above formula (A) is a group represented by the following formula (A ′) or (A ′′).
- R 8 to R 12 are each independently a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom) or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, and groups adjacent to each other have a cyclic structure. It may be formed.
- R 13 to R 27 are each independently a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom) or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, and groups adjacent to each other form a cyclic structure. It may be.
- the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms represented by R 8 to R 12 and R 13 to R 27 in the formulas (A ′) and (A ′′) is the same as the specific examples of R 2 to R 7 .
- the divalent group includes a tetramethylene group, a pentamethylene group, a hexamethylene group, diphenylmethane-2,2 Examples include a '-diyl group, a diphenylethane-3,3'-diyl group, and a diphenylpropane-4,4'-diyl group.
- the electron injection layer and the electron transport layer preferably contain a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative.
- the electron injection layer or the electron transport layer is a layer that assists the injection of electrons into the light emitting layer, and has a high electron mobility.
- the electron injection layer is provided to adjust the energy level, for example, to alleviate a sudden change in the energy level.
- As a material used for the electron injection layer or the electron transport layer 8-hydroxyquinoline or a metal complex of its derivative, an oxadiazole derivative, or a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative is preferable.
- a metal chelate oxinoid compound containing a chelate of oxine (generally 8-quinolinol or 8-hydroxyquinoline), for example, tris (8-quinolinol) aluminum is used.
- 8-quinolinol or 8-hydroxyquinoline for example, tris (8-quinolinol) aluminum is used.
- tris (8-quinolinol) aluminum is used.
- oxadiazole derivative the following can be mentioned.
- Ar 17 , Ar 18 , Ar 19 , Ar 21 , Ar 22 and Ar 25 each represent an aryl group with or without a substituent
- Ar 17 and Ar 18 , Ar 19 and Ar 21 , Ar 22 And Ar 25 may be the same or different
- Ar 20 , Ar 23 and Ar 24 each represent an arylene group with or without a substituent
- Ar 23 and Ar 24 may be the same or different.
- the arylene group include a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a biphenylene group, an anthranylene group, a peryleneylene group, and a pyrenylene group.
- substituents for these include an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and a cyano group.
- this electron transfer compound those having good thin film forming properties are preferably used. Specific examples of these electron transfer compounds include the following.
- nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative examples include nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivatives composed of organic compounds having the following general formula, which are not metal complexes.
- nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivatives composed of organic compounds having the following general formula, which are not metal complexes.
- a 5-membered or 6-membered ring containing the skeleton shown in (A) and a structure shown in (B) can be mentioned.
- X represents a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom.
- Z 1 and Z 2 each independently represents an atomic group capable of forming a nitrogen-containing heterocycle.
- the organic compound which has a nitrogen-containing aromatic polycyclic group which consists of a 5-membered ring or a 6-membered ring.
- the nitrogen-containing group of the nitrogen-containing organic compound is selected from, for example, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic groups represented by the following general formula.
- R is an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, a heteroaryl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and n is 0
- n is an integer of 5
- n is an integer of 2 or more
- preferred specific compounds include nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivatives represented by the following formula. HAr-L 1 -Ar 1 -Ar 2
- HAr is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring having 3 to 40 carbon atoms which may have a substituent
- L 1 is a single bond and having 6 to 40 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- Ar 1 is a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- Ar 2 is an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms which may have a substituent or a heteroaryl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- HAr is selected from the following group, for example.
- L 1 is selected from the following group, for example.
- Ar 2 is selected from the following group, for example.
- Ar 1 is selected from, for example, the following arylanthranyl groups.
- each of R 1 to R 14 independently represents a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom), a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or 6 carbon atoms.
- each of R 1 to R 8 is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative which is a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom).
- R 1 to R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom), a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic cyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted It represents a carbocyclic aromatic ring group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, and X 1 and X 2 each independently represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a dicyanomethylene group.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are the same or different groups, and are aryl groups represented by the following formula.
- R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are the same or different groups from each other, and are hydrogen atoms (including deuterium atoms), or at least one of them is saturated or unsaturated alkoxyl A group, an alkyl group, an amino group or an alkylamino group. Further, it may be a polymer compound containing the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group or nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative.
- the electron transport layer preferably contains at least one of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivatives represented by the following formulas (201) to (203).
- R may have a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom), an aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a substituent.
- a good pyridyl group, an optionally substituted quinolyl group, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an optionally substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms N is an integer of 0 to 4
- R 1 is an aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a pyridyl group which may have a substituent, or a substituent.
- An alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, L may be an arylene group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a pyridinylene group which may have a substituent, or a substituent;
- a good quinolinylene group or an optionally substituted fluorenylene group, Ar 1 is an optionally substituted arylene group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, and an optionally substituted pyridinylene
- Ar 3 has an aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a pyridyl group which may have a substituent, a quinolyl group which may have a substituent, and a substituent.
- An optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a group represented by —Ar 1 —Ar 2 (Ar 1 and Ar 2 Are the same as above.
- R has a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom), an aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a substituent.
- the aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms is preferably an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, more preferably an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, specifically, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthryl group, phenanthryl.
- Anthryl group, 9- [10- (1′-naphthyl)] anthryl group, 9- [10- (2′-naphthyl)] anthryl group and the like are preferable.
- an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is preferable.
- an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is preferable.
- trifluoro Examples thereof include haloalkyl groups such as a methyl group, and those having 3 or more carbon atoms may be linear, cyclic or branched.
- the alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Those having 3 or more carbon atoms may be linear, cyclic or branched.
- Examples of the substituent for each group represented by R include a halogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, An aryloxy group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or 3 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a substituent 40 heteroaryl groups and the like can be mentioned.
- Examples of the halogen atom include fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, the alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms are the same as those described above.
- Examples of the aryloxy group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms include a phenoxy group and a biphenyloxy group.
- Examples of the heteroaryl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms include a pyrrolyl group, a furyl group, a thienyl group, a silylyl group, a pyridyl group, a quinolyl group, an isoquinolyl group, a benzofuryl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrimidyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a selenophenyl group. Oxadiazolyl group, triazolyl group and the like.
- n is an integer of 0 to 4, preferably 0 to 2.
- R 1 may have an aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a pyridyl group which may have a substituent, or a substituent.
- R 2 and R 3 are each independently a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom), an aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, A pyridyl group which may have a substituent, a quinolyl group which may have a substituent, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a substituent.
- L has an arylene group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a pyridinylene group which may have a substituent, or a substituent. It may be a quinolinylene group or a fluorenylene group which may have a substituent.
- arylene group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms an arylene group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms is preferable, and an arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms is more preferable.
- the substituent for each group represented by L is the same as that described for R.
- L is preferably a group selected from the group consisting of:
- Ar 1 may have an optionally substituted arylene group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted pyridinylene group, or a substituent. It is a quinolinylene group.
- the substituent for each group represented by Ar 1 and Ar 3 is the same as that described for R.
- Ar 1 is preferably any group selected from condensed ring groups represented by the following formulas (101) to (110).
- each condensed ring is a halogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an optionally substituted carbon atom.
- a linking group composed of a heteroaryl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms may be bonded, and when there are a plurality of the linking groups, the linking groups may be the same as or different from each other. Specific examples of these groups are the same as those described above.
- L ′ is a single bond or a group selected from the group consisting of the following.
- the formula (103) represented by Ar 1 is preferably a condensed ring group represented by the following formulas (111) to (125).
- each condensed ring has a halogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and an optionally substituted carbon number 1
- a linking group composed of a heteroaryl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms may be bonded, and when there are a plurality of the linking groups, the linking groups may be the same as or different from each other. Specific examples of these groups are the same as those described above.
- Ar 2 may have an aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, an pyridyl group which may have a substituent, or a substituent.
- Ar 3 has an optionally substituted aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted pyridyl group, and a substituent.
- Specific examples of these groups, preferred carbon numbers and substituents are the same as those described for R.
- Ar 3 is preferably any group selected from condensed ring groups represented by the following formulas (126) to (135).
- each condensed ring is a halogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an optionally substituted carbon atom.
- a linking group composed of a heteroaryl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms may be bonded, and when there are a plurality of the linking groups, the linking groups may be the same as or different from each other. Specific examples of these groups are the same as those described above.
- L ′ is the same as described above.
- R ′ has a hydrogen atom (including a deuterium atom), an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a substituent. Or an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms or a heteroaryl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. Specific examples of these groups are the same as those described above.
- the general formula (128) represented by Ar 3 is preferably a condensed ring group represented by the following formulas (136) to (158).
- each condensed ring has a halogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and an optionally substituted carbon number 1
- a linking group composed of a heteroaryl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms may be bonded, and when there are a plurality of the linking groups, the linking groups may be the same as or different from each other. Specific examples of these groups are the same as those described above.
- R ′ is the same as described above.
- Ar 2 and Ar 3 are preferably each independently a group selected from the group consisting of the following.
- HAr represents the following structure in the above formulas (201) to (203).
- the thickness of the electron injection layer or the electron transport layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 100 nm.
- an insulator or a semiconductor as an inorganic compound as a constituent of the electron injection layer. If the electron injection layer is made of an insulator or a semiconductor, current leakage can be effectively prevented and the electron injection property can be improved.
- an insulator it is preferable to use at least one metal compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal chalcogenides, alkaline earth metal chalcogenides, alkali metal halides and alkaline earth metal halides.
- the electron injection layer is composed of these alkali metal chalcogenides or the like, it is preferable in that the electron injection property can be further improved.
- preferable alkali metal chalcogenides include, for example, Li 2 O, K 2 O, Na 2 S, Na 2 Se, and Na 2 O
- preferable alkaline earth metal chalcogenides include, for example, CaO, BaO. , SrO, BeO, BaS and CaSe.
- preferable alkali metal halides include, for example, LiF, NaF, KF, LiCl, KCl, and NaCl.
- preferable alkaline earth metal halides include fluorides such as CaF 2 , BaF 2 , SrF 2 , MgF 2 and BeF 2 , and halides other than fluorides.
- the semiconductor an oxide, nitride, or oxynitride containing at least one element of Ba, Ca, Sr, Yb, Al, Ga, In, Li, Na, Cd, Mg, Si, Ta, Sb, and Zn.
- the inorganic compound constituting the electron injection layer is preferably a microcrystalline or amorphous insulating thin film.
- the electron injection layer is composed of these insulating thin films, a more uniform thin film is formed, and pixel defects such as dark spots can be reduced.
- inorganic compounds include alkali metal chalcogenides, alkaline earth metal chalcogenides, alkali metal halides, and alkaline earth metal halides.
- the preferred thickness of the layer is about 0.1 nm to 15 nm.
- the electron injection layer in this invention contains the above-mentioned reducing dopant, it is preferable.
- An aromatic amine compound for example, an aromatic amine derivative represented by the following general formula (I) is suitably used for the hole injection layer or the hole transport layer (including the hole injection transport layer).
- Ar 1 to Ar 4 are substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl groups having 5 to 50 nucleus atoms, or aryls thereof.
- a group in which a group and a heteroaryl group are bonded is represented.
- Examples of the substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms include phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, 1-anthryl, 2-anthryl, 9-anthryl, Phenanthryl group, 2-phenanthryl group, 3-phenanthryl group, 4-phenanthryl group, 9-phenanthryl group, 1-naphthacenyl group, 2-naphthacenyl group, 9-naphthacenyl group, 1-pyrenyl group, 2-pyrenyl group, 4- Pyrenyl group, 2-biphenylyl group, 3-biphenylyl group, 4-biphenylyl group, p-terphenyl-4-yl group, p-terphenyl-3-yl group, p-terphenyl-2-yl group M-terphenyl-4-yl group, m-terphenyl-3-yl group, m-ter
- Examples of the substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 5 to 50 nucleus atoms include 1-pyrrolyl group, 2-pyrrolyl group, 3-pyrrolyl group, pyrazinyl group, 2-pyridinyl group, 3-pyridinyl group, 4- Pyridinyl group, 1-indolyl group, 2-indolyl group, 3-indolyl group, 4-indolyl group, 5-indolyl group, 6-indolyl group, 7-indolyl group, 1-isoindolyl group, 2-isoindolyl group, 3- Isoindolyl group, 4-isoindolyl group, 5-isoindolyl group, 6-isoindolyl group, 7-isoindolyl group, 2-furyl group, 3-furyl group, 2-benzofuranyl group, 3-benzofuranyl group, 4-benzofuranyl group, 5- Benzofuranyl group,
- Preferred examples include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenyl group, an anthranyl group, a phenanthryl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrycenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, and a fluorenyl group.
- L is a linking group. Specifically, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 5 to 50 nucleus atoms, or two or more arylene groups or heteroarylene groups are simply represented. A divalent group obtained by bonding with a bond, an ether bond, a thioether bond, an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, or an amino group.
- Examples of the arylene group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms include 1,4-phenylene group, 1,2-phenylene group, 1,3-phenylene group, 1,4-naphthylene group, 2,6-naphthylene group, 1,5-naphthylene group, 9,10-anthranylene group, 9,10-phenanthrenylene group, 3,6-phenanthrenylene group, 1,6-pyrenylene group, 2,7-pyrenylene group, 6, Examples thereof include a 12-chrysenylene group, a 4,4′-biphenylene group, a 3,3′-biphenylene group, a 2,2′-biphenylene group, and a 2,7-fluorenylene group.
- Examples of the arylene group having 5 to 50 nucleus atoms include a 2,5-thiophenylene group, a 2,5-silolylene group, and a 2,5-oxadiazolylene group.
- L is a linking group composed of two or more arylene groups or heteroarylene groups
- adjacent arylene groups or heteroarylene groups may be bonded to each other via a divalent group to form a new ring.
- the divalent group forming the ring include tetramethylene group, pentamethylene group, hexamethylene group, diphenylmethane-2,2′-diyl group, diphenylethane-3,3′-diyl group, diphenylpropane-4, Examples include 4′-diyl group.
- Examples of the substituent for Ar 1 to Ar 4 and L include a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 5 to 50 nucleus atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted group.
- Examples of the substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms include phenyl group, 1-naphthyl group, 2-naphthyl group, 1-anthryl group, 2-anthryl group, 9-anthryl group, 1- Phenanthryl group, 2-phenanthryl group, 3-phenanthryl group, 4-phenanthryl group, 9-phenanthryl group, 1-naphthacenyl group, 2-naphthacenyl group, 9-naphthacenyl group, 1-pyrenyl group, 2-pyrenyl group, 4- Pyrenyl group, 2-biphenylyl group, 3-biphenylyl group, 4-biphenylyl group, p-terphenyl-4-yl group, p-terphenyl-3-yl group, p-terphenyl-2-yl group M-terphenyl-4-yl group, m-terphenyl-3-y
- Examples of the substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 5 to 50 nucleus atoms include 1-pyrrolyl group, 2-pyrrolyl group, 3-pyrrolyl group, pyrazinyl group, 2-pyridinyl group, 3-pyridinyl group, 4- Pyridinyl group, 1-indolyl group, 2-indolyl group, 3-indolyl group, 4-indolyl group, 5-indolyl group, 6-indolyl group, 7-indolyl group, 1-isoindolyl group, 2-isoindolyl group, 3- Isoindolyl group, 4-isoindolyl group, 5-isoindolyl group, 6-isoindolyl group, 7-isoindolyl group, 2-furyl group, 3-furyl group, 2-benzofuranyl group, 3-benzofuranyl group, 4-benzofuranyl group, 5- Benzofuranyl group,
- Examples of the substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, s-butyl group, isobutyl group, t-butyl group, n- Pentyl group, n-hexyl group, n-heptyl group, n-octyl group, hydroxymethyl group, 1-hydroxyethyl group, 2-hydroxyethyl group, 2-hydroxyisobutyl group, 1,2-dihydroxyethyl group, 1, 3-dihydroxyisopropyl group, 2,3-dihydroxy-t-butyl group, 1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl group, chloromethyl group, 1-chloroethyl group, 2-chloroethyl group, 2-chloroisobutyl group, 1, 2-dichloroethyl group, 1,3-dichloroisopropyl
- Examples of the substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms include cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, 4-methylcyclohexyl group, 1-adamantyl group, 2-adamantyl group, Examples thereof include a 1-norbornyl group and a 2-norbornyl group.
- the substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms is a group represented by —OY.
- Y include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, s-butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl and n-heptyl.
- N-octyl group hydroxymethyl group, 1-hydroxyethyl group, 2-hydroxyethyl group, 2-hydroxyisobutyl group, 1,2-dihydroxyethyl group, 1,3-dihydroxyisopropyl group, 2,3-dihydroxy- t-butyl group, 1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl group, chloromethyl group, 1-chloroethyl group, 2-chloroethyl group, 2-chloroisobutyl group, 1,2-dichloroethyl group, 1,3-dichloroisopropyl Group, 2,3-dichloro-t-butyl group, 1,2,3-trichloropropyl group, bromomethyl group, 1-bromoethyl group, 2-butyl group Moethyl group, 2-bromoisobutyl group, 1,2-dibromoethyl group, 1,3-dibromoisopropyl group, 2,3-dibromo-t-
- Examples of the substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group having 7 to 50 carbon atoms include benzyl group, 1-phenylethyl group, 2-phenylethyl group, 1-phenylisopropyl group, 2-phenylisopropyl group, phenyl-t-butyl.
- ⁇ -naphthylmethyl group 1- ⁇ -naphthylethyl group, 2- ⁇ -naphthylethyl group, 1- ⁇ -naphthylisopropyl group, 2- ⁇ -naphthylisopropyl group, ⁇ -naphthylmethyl group, 1- ⁇ - Naphthylethyl group, 2- ⁇ -naphthylethyl group, 1- ⁇ -naphthylisopropyl group, 2- ⁇ -naphthylisopropyl group, 1-pyrrolylmethyl group, 2- (1-pyrrolyl) ethyl group, p-methylbenzyl group, m -Methylbenzyl group, o-methylbenzyl group, p-chlorobenzyl group, m-chlorobenzyl group, o-chlorobenzyl group, p-bromobenze Group, m-
- a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms is represented by —OY ′, and examples of Y ′ include a phenyl group, a 1-naphthyl group, a 2-naphthyl group, a 1-anthryl group, 2 -Anthryl group, 9-anthryl group, 1-phenanthryl group, 2-phenanthryl group, 3-phenanthryl group, 4-phenanthryl group, 9-phenanthryl group, 1-naphthacenyl group, 2-naphthacenyl group, 9-naphthacenyl group, 1 -Pyrenyl group, 2-pyrenyl group, 4-pyrenyl group, 2-biphenylyl group, 3-biphenylyl group, 4-biphenylyl group, p-terphenyl-4-yl group, p-terphenyl-3-yl Group, p-terphen
- the substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryloxy group having 5 to 50 nucleus atoms is represented by —OZ ′, and examples of Z ′ include 2-pyrrolyl group, 3-pyrrolyl group, pyrazinyl group, 2-pyridinyl group, 3 -Pyridinyl group, 4-pyridinyl group, 2-indolyl group, 3-indolyl group, 4-indolyl group, 5-indolyl group, 6-indolyl group, 7-indolyl group, 1-isoindolyl group, 3-isoindolyl group, 4 -Isoindolyl group, 5-isoindolyl group, 6-isoindolyl group, 7-isoindolyl group, 2-furyl group, 3-furyl group, 2-benzofuranyl group, 3-benzofuranyl group, 4-benzofuranyl group, 5-benzofuranyl group, 6 -Benzofur
- a substituted or unsubstituted arylthio group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms is represented by —SY ′′, and examples of Y ′′ include a phenyl group, a 1-naphthyl group, a 2-naphthyl group, a 1-anthryl group, 2- Anthryl group, 9-anthryl group, 1-phenanthryl group, 2-phenanthryl group, 3-phenanthryl group, 4-phenanthryl group, 9-phenanthryl group, 1-naphthacenyl group, 2-naphthacenyl group, 9-naphthacenyl group, 1- Pyrenyl group, 2-pyrenyl group, 4-pyrenyl group, 2-biphenylyl group, 3-biphenylyl group, 4-biphenylyl group, p-terphenyl-4-yl group, p-terphenyl-3-yl group P-terphenyl-2-yl group
- the substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylthio group having 5 to 50 nucleus atoms is represented by —SZ ′′, and examples of Z ′′ include 2-pyrrolyl group, 3-pyrrolyl group, pyrazinyl group, 2-pyridinyl group, 3 -Pyridinyl group, 4-pyridinyl group, 2-indolyl group, 3-indolyl group, 4-indolyl group, 5-indolyl group, 6-indolyl group, 7-indolyl group, 1-isoindolyl group, 3-isoindolyl group, 4 -Isoindolyl group, 5-isoindolyl group, 6-isoindolyl group, 7-isoindolyl group, 2-furyl group, 3-furyl group, 2-benzofuranyl group, 3-benzofuranyl group, 4-benzofuranyl group, 5-benzofuranyl group, 6 -Benzo
- a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 50 carbon atoms is represented as —COOZ, and examples of Z include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, s-butyl, and isobutyl.
- the amino group substituted with a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 5 to 50 nucleus atoms is represented by -NPQ, Examples include phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, 1-anthryl, 2-anthryl, 9-anthryl, 1-phenanthryl, 2-phenanthryl, 3-phenanthryl, 4-phenanthryl.
- aromatic amine of the following general formula (II) is also suitably used for formation of a positive hole injection layer or a positive hole transport layer.
- the present invention is not limited to the above description, and modifications within a range not departing from the gist of the present invention are included in the present invention. For example, the following changes are also preferable modifications of the present invention.
- the light emitting layer contains a charge injection auxiliary material.
- a hole injection / transport charge injection auxiliary agent for example, a general hole injection / transport material or the like can be used.
- Specific examples include triazole derivatives (see US Pat. No. 3,112,197), oxadiazole derivatives (see US Pat. No. 3,189,447, etc.), imidazole derivatives (Japanese Patent Publication No. 37-16096).
- Polyarylalkane derivatives US Pat. Nos. 3,615,402, 3,820,989, 3,542,544, JP-B-45-555).
- Examples of the hole injecting material include the above materials, but porphyrin compounds (disclosed in JP-A-63-295695), aromatic tertiary amine compounds, and styrylamine compounds (US patents) No. 4,127,412, JP-A-53-27033, 54-58445, 54-149634, 54-64299, 55-79450, 55- 144250, JP-A-56-119132, JP-A-61-295558, JP-A-61-98353, and JP-A-63-295695), particularly aromatic tertiary amine compounds are preferred.
- NPD Biphenyl
- MTDATA 3-methylphenyl -N-phenylamino triphenylamine
- each layer of the organic EL element of the present invention is not particularly limited. Conventionally known methods such as vacuum deposition and spin coating can be used.
- the organic thin film layer used in the organic EL device of the present invention is a vacuum deposition method, a molecular beam deposition method (MBE method) or a solution dipping method dissolved in a solvent, a spin coating method, a casting method, a bar coating method, a roll coating method, etc. It can form by the well-known method by the apply
- the film thickness of each organic layer of the organic EL device of the present invention is not particularly limited. Generally, if the film thickness is too thin, defects such as pinholes are likely to occur.
- the compounds of the present invention can be synthesized using a Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction or the like. For example, it is synthesized as shown in the following chemical reaction formula.
- the general formulas (1) to (4) are abbreviated as Ar 1 -Ar 2- [] m -Ar 3 .
- the reaction mixture was warmed to room temperature, stirred for 1 hour, and left overnight.
- the reaction mixture was cooled on an ice bath, 6N-aqueous hydrochloric acid solution was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hr.
- Dichloromethane was added to the reaction mixture and the phases were separated, and the organic phase was washed with water and dried over sodium sulfate.
- the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 6.25 g of 6- (9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl) naphthalen-2-ylboronic acid (57% yield).
- the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the reaction mixture was concentrated.
- the mixture was cooled to 0 ° C., an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour.
- dichloromethane was added to the reaction mixture, and the aqueous phase was removed.
- the organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure.
- the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 13.4 g (yield 67%) of 3- (9-phenanthrenyl) phenylboronic acid.
- the reaction mixture was warmed and stirred at room temperature for 3 hours and left overnight.
- the reaction mixture was cooled on an ice bath, and 100 ml of 6N-hydrochloric acid aqueous solution was added to keep the temperature at 20 ° C. or lower, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes.
- Dichloromethane was added, and after liquid separation, the organic phase was washed with water and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
- the solvent was distilled off to obtain 9.50 g (yield 85%) of 2- (9-phenanthrenyl) naphthalene-7-boronic acid.
- the reaction mixture was warmed and stirred at room temperature for 3 hours and left overnight.
- the reaction mixture was cooled on an ice bath, 50 ml of concentrated aqueous hydrochloric acid solution was added so as to keep the temperature at 20 ° C. or lower, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour.
- Dichloromethane was added to the reaction mixture, and after liquid separation, the organic phase was washed with water and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
- the solvent was distilled off, toluene was added and recrystallized to obtain 5.40 g (yield 37%) of 2- (9-phenanthrenyl) naphthalene-4-boronic acid.
- the reaction mixture was cooled on an ice bath, 6N-aqueous hydrochloric acid solution was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hr.
- Dichloromethane was added to the reaction mixture and the phases were separated, and the organic phase was washed with water and dried over sodium sulfate.
- the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 3.65 g (yield 54%) of 8- (naphthalen-2-yl) dibenzofuran-2-ylboronic acid.
- reaction mixture was cooled on an ice bath, 6N-aqueous hydrochloric acid solution was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hr.
- Dichloromethane was added to the reaction mixture and the phases were separated, and the organic phase was washed with water and dried over sodium sulfate.
- the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 4.20 g (62% yield) of 6- (dibenzofuran-2-yl) naphthalen-2-ylboronic acid.
- Example A-1 (Production of organic EL element) A 25 mm ⁇ 75 mm ⁇ 0.7 mm thick glass substrate with an ITO transparent electrode (Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) was subjected to ultrasonic cleaning in isopropyl alcohol for 5 minutes and then UV ozone cleaning for 30 minutes. A glass substrate with a transparent electrode line after cleaning is mounted on a substrate holder of a vacuum deposition apparatus, and first, HT1 having a film thickness of 50 nm is formed on the surface where the transparent electrode line is formed so as to cover the transparent electrode. Filmed. The HT1 film functions as a hole injecting and transporting layer.
- a new host compound 2-2 having a film thickness of 40 nm and Ir (piq) 3 as a phosphorescent dopant on the film so as to have a resistance of 10% by mass.
- a co-deposited film was formed by heating.
- the film functions as a light emitting layer (phosphorescent layer).
- ET1 was formed to a thickness of 40 nm.
- the film functions as an electron transport layer.
- a film thickness of 0.5 nm was formed using LiF as an electron injecting electrode (cathode) at a film forming rate of 1 ⁇ / min.
- Metal Al was vapor-deposited on this LiF layer, and a metal cathode was formed to a thickness of 150 nm to form an organic EL element.
- Examples A-2 to A-10, Comparative Examples A-1 to A-9 An organic EL device was formed in the same manner as in Example A-1, except that the host compound shown in Table 1 below was used instead of the new host compound 2-2 in Example A-1.
- Example A-11 An organic EL device was produced by the same production method as in Example A-6, except that the complex as a dopant was changed to Complex A.
- Example A-12 An organic EL element was produced by the same production method as in Example A-11, except that Complex A was replaced with Complex B.
- Example A-10 An organic EL device was produced by the same production method as in Example A-11, except that the host compound was changed from 2-184 to CBP.
- Comparative Example A-11 An organic EL device was produced by the same production method as in Example A-12, except that the host compound was changed from 2-184 to BAlq.
- Comparative Examples A-1 and A-2 have a high voltage and a short life.
- Comparative Examples A-3 and A-5 the voltages are the same, but the lifetime is remarkably short.
- Comparative Examples A-4, A-6, and A-9 the voltage is high and the life is short.
- Comparative Examples A-7 to 8 the voltage is high and the efficiency and lifetime are remarkably short.
- Examples A-11 and 12 have a lower voltage, higher efficiency, and longer life than Comparative Examples A-10 and 11.
- the characteristics of the combination of the present invention are that the triplet energy gap of the host material and the triplet energy gap of the dopant are appropriate, so that the light emission efficiency is improved, and the naphthalene ring residue is bonded to the fluorene ring residue. Since the host material is not substituted with nitrogen-containing rings, nitrogen atoms, etc., the luminescent material has high resistance to holes and electrons. The service life is longer than the conventionally known combination.
- Example B-1 (Production of organic EL element) A 25 mm ⁇ 75 mm ⁇ 0.7 mm thick glass substrate with an ITO transparent electrode (Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) was subjected to ultrasonic cleaning in isopropyl alcohol for 5 minutes and then UV ozone cleaning for 30 minutes. A glass substrate with a transparent electrode line after cleaning is mounted on a substrate holder of a vacuum deposition apparatus, and first, HT1 having a film thickness of 50 nm is formed on the surface where the transparent electrode line is formed so as to cover the transparent electrode. Filmed. The HT1 film functions as a hole injecting and transporting layer.
- a new host compound 2-2 having a film thickness of 40 nm and Ir (piq) 3 as a phosphorescent dopant on the film so as to have a resistance of 10% by mass.
- a co-deposited film was formed by heating.
- the film functions as a light emitting layer (phosphorescent layer).
- ET1 was formed to a thickness of 40 nm.
- the film functions as an electron transport layer.
- a film thickness of 0.5 nm was formed using LiF as an electron injecting electrode (cathode) at a film forming rate of 1 ⁇ / min.
- Metal Al was vapor-deposited on this LiF layer, and a metal cathode was formed to a thickness of 150 nm to form an organic EL element.
- Example B-2 to B-14 Comparative Examples B-1 to B-10
- An organic EL device was formed in the same manner as in Example B-1, except that the host compound shown in Table 2 below was used instead of the new host compound 2-2 in Example B-1.
- Example B-15 An organic EL device was produced by the same production method as in Example B-13, except that the complex as the dopant was changed to Complex A.
- Example B-16 An organic EL device was produced by the same production method as in Example B-13, except that Complex A was replaced with Complex B.
- Comparative Example B-11 An organic EL device was produced by the same production method as in Example B-15 except that the host compound was changed from 4-30 to CBP.
- Comparative Example B-12 An organic EL device was produced by the same production method as in Example B-16, except that the host compound was changed from 4-30 to BAlq.
- the organic EL devices of Examples B-1 to B-14 configured using the host material of the present invention with respect to the luminous efficiency have a high luminous efficiency and a very long lifetime. It has been shown.
- Comparative Examples B-1 to B-3 have a high voltage and a short life.
- Comparative Example B-4 has low efficiency and extremely short life.
- B-5 has a high voltage and a short life.
- B-6 although the voltage is lowered, the lifetime is shorter than that of the example.
- Comparative Example B-7 the light emission efficiency is low and the lifetime is remarkably short.
- Comparative Examples 8 to 10 the lifetime is remarkably short.
- Examples B-15 and 16 have a lower voltage, higher efficiency, and longer life than Comparative Examples B-11 and B12.
- the characteristics of the combination of the present invention are that the triplet energy gap of the host material and the triplet energy gap of the dopant are appropriate, so that the luminous efficiency is improved, and a specific condensed polycyclic aromatic residue is added to the fluorene ring residue.
- the device has a lower voltage, and since the host material is not substituted with nitrogen-containing rings, nitrogen atoms, etc., the light-emitting material has high resistance to holes and electrons. The service life is longer than the conventionally known combination.
- intermediate 2-00 3.0 g (5.46 mmol), 5-benzo [c] phenanthreneboronic acid 1.49 g (5.46 mmol), tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0) 0.
- Example C-1 (Production of organic EL element) A 25 mm ⁇ 75 mm ⁇ 0.7 mm thick glass substrate with an ITO transparent electrode (Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) was subjected to ultrasonic cleaning in isopropyl alcohol for 5 minutes and then UV ozone cleaning for 30 minutes. A glass substrate with a transparent electrode line after cleaning is mounted on a substrate holder of a vacuum deposition apparatus, and first, HT1 having a film thickness of 50 nm is formed on the surface where the transparent electrode line is formed so as to cover the transparent electrode. Filmed. The HT1 film functions as a hole injecting and transporting layer.
- a new host compound 2-2 having a film thickness of 40 nm and Ir (piq) 3 as a phosphorescent dopant on the film so as to have a resistance of 10% by mass.
- a co-deposited film was formed by heating.
- the film functions as a light emitting layer (phosphorescent layer).
- ET1 was formed to a thickness of 40 nm.
- the film functions as an electron transport layer.
- a film thickness of 0.5 nm was formed using LiF as an electron injecting electrode (cathode) at a film forming rate of 1 ⁇ / min.
- Metal Al was vapor-deposited on this LiF layer, and a metal cathode was formed to a thickness of 150 nm to form an organic EL element.
- Example C-2 to C-13 Comparative Examples C-1 to C-9
- An organic EL device was formed in the same manner as in Example C-1, except that the host compound shown in Table 3 below was used instead of the new host compound 2-2 in Example 1.
- Example C-14 An organic EL device was produced by the same production method as in Example C-8, except that the complex as the dopant was changed to Complex A.
- Example C-15 An organic EL device was produced by the same production method as in Example C-14, except that Complex A was replaced with Complex B.
- Comparative Example C-10 An organic EL device was produced by the same production method as in Example C-14, except that the host compound was changed from 2-159 to CBP.
- Comparative Example C-11 An organic EL device was produced by the same production method as in Example C-15, except that the host compound was changed from 2-159 to BAlq.
- Comparative Examples C-1 and C-2 have a high voltage and a short life.
- Comparative Examples C-3, C-5, and C-8 the voltages are the same, but the lifetime is remarkably short.
- Comparative Examples C-4 and C-7 the voltage is high and the lifetime is short.
- Comparative Examples C-6 and C-9 the voltage is high and the lifetime is remarkably short.
- Examples C-14 and 15 have a lower voltage, higher efficiency, and longer life than Comparative Examples C-10 and 11.
- the characteristics of the combination of the present invention are that the triplet energy gap of the host material and the triplet energy gap of the dopant are appropriate, so that the light emission efficiency is improved, and the condensed polycyclic aromatic group specific to the divalent fluorene ring residue.
- the voltage is lower, and the host material is not substituted with nitrogen-containing rings, nitrogen atoms, etc., so the luminescent material has high resistance to holes and electrons.
- the service life is longer than the conventionally known combination.
- the present invention provides a phosphorescent organic EL device having a high efficiency and a long lifetime, and a material for an organic EL device that provides a phosphorescent organic EL device having a high efficiency and a long lifetime.
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Abstract
Description
このような有機EL素子は、自発光型素子としての利点を活かし、発光効率、画質、消費電力さらには薄型のデザイン性に優れた発光素子として期待されている。有機EL素子の更なる改善点としては、例えば、発光効率が挙げられる。
この点、内部量子効率を高めるため、三重項励起子からの発光が得られる発光材料(燐光発光材料)の開発が進められ、最近では燐光発光を示す有機EL素子が報告されている。
このような燐光発光材料を用いて発光層(燐光発光層)を構成することにより75%以上、理論上100%近い値の内部量子効率を実現でき、高効率、低消費電力の有機EL素子が得られる。また、発光層を形成するにあたっては、ホスト材料に、ドーパントとして発光材料をドーピングするドーピング法が知られている。
ドーピング法で形成した発光層では、ホスト材料に注入された電荷から効率よく励起子を生成することができる。そして、生成された励起子の励起子エネルギーをドーパントに移動させ、ドーパントから高効率の発光を得ることができる。
ここで、ホスト材料から燐光発光性の燐光ドーパントに分子間エネルギー移動を行うためには、ホスト材料の励起三重項エネルギーEg(T)が、燐光ドーパントの励起三重項エネルギーEg(S)よりも大きいことが必要である。
このCBPをホスト材料とすれば、所定の発光波長(例えば、緑、赤)を示す燐光ドーパントへのエネルギー移動が可能であり、高効率の有機EL素子を得ることができる。
しかしながら、CBPをホスト材料として使用すると、燐光発光により発光効率は格段に向上する一方、寿命は非常に短く、実用に適さないという問題があった。
これは、CBPの分子構造上の酸化安定性が高くないため、正孔による分子の劣化が激しいためと考えられる。
また、特許文献2には、カルバゾール等の含窒素環を含有する縮合環誘導体を、赤色燐光を示す燐光発光層のホスト材料として用いた技術が開示されている。この技術により、発光効率及び寿命について改善されているが、実用化には十分でない場合もあった。
その一方、蛍光発光を示す蛍光ドーパント用のホスト材料(蛍光ホスト)は種々知られており、蛍光ドーパントとの組み合わせで発光効率、寿命に優れた蛍光発光層を形成できるホスト材料が種々提案されている。
しかし、蛍光ホストでは、励起1重項エネルギーEg(S)は蛍光ドーパントよりも大きいが、励起三重項エネルギーEg(T)は必ずしも大きくないため、単純には燐光発光層のホスト材料(燐光ホスト)として転用できない。
しかし、アントラセン誘導体は、励起三重項エネルギーEg(T)が1.9eV程度と比較的小さい。このため、500nmから720nmの可視光領域の発光波長を有する燐光ドーパントに対するエネルギー移動が確保できない。また、励起された三重項エネルギーを発光層内に閉じ込めることができない。
したがって、アントラセン誘導体は燐光ホストとして不適切である。
また、ペリレン誘導体、ピレン誘導体及びナフタセン誘導体等も同様の理由で燐光ホストとして好ましくない。
また、燐光ホストとして芳香族炭化水素化合物を用いた例が知られている(特許文献3)。ここでは、ベンゼン骨格を中心とし、置換基として2つの芳香族基がメタ位に結合した化合物を、燐光ホストとして用いている。
ただし、特許文献3の芳香族炭化水素化合物は、中心のベンゼン骨格に対し、左右対称に分子を伸張した5つの芳香族環を有する対称性の良い剛直な分子構造になっており、発光層が結晶化しやすいという懸念がある。
一方、特許文献4~6には、種々の芳香族炭化水素化合物を用いた有機EL素子が開示され、特許文献7~9は、種々のフルオレン化合物を用いた有機EL素子が開示されている。しかしながら、燐光ホストとしての有効性についてはなんら言及されていない。
また、特許文献10~15には、種々のフルオレン化合物を用いた燐光ホスト材料を用いる素子が記載され、特許文献11,13,15には、フルオレン環の両端に直接ベンゼン環が結合する特徴を有する2価のフルオレン化合物が開示され、特許文献12には、フルオレンの9位がアリール基である化合物が開示されている。しかしながら、これらの化合物を燐光ホスト材料として用いても発光効率、素子寿命は十分ではない。
また、特許文献8、16には、縮合多環式芳香族環とフルオレン環が直接結合している炭化水素化合物が開示されている。しかしながら、燐光発光性材料と組み合わせた有機電界発光素子に関して、何ら有効性が示されていないだけでなく、縮合多環式芳香族環として、3重項のエネルギーレベルが小さく燐光素子の発光層に用いることは好ましくないペリレン環やピレン環も記載されており、燐光素子用の材料として、有効な材料の選択がなされていない。
さらに特許文献17には、2つ以上のフルオレン環と、ナフタレン環が必須である燐光発光素子に用いるホスト材料が公開されている。さらに特許文献18には、2価のフルオレンと、置換基を有するフェナントレン環及びベンゼン環又は他の縮合多環芳香族環が結合した材料が公開されている。
そこで、本発明の目的は、高効率かつ長寿命な燐光発光性の有機EL素子、及びそれに用いる有機EL素子用材料を提供することにある。
1.下記式(A-1)で表される有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
Ar2は、置換もしくは無置換のベンゼン環残基、置換もしくは無置換のナフタレン環残基、又は置換もしくは無置換のフェナントレン環残基を表す。
Aは、O、S又はCR1R2を示す。R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立に、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~20のアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数3~20のシクロアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数7~24のアラルキル基、又は置換もしくは無置換の炭素数3~20のシリル基を表す。
nは1~3の整数を示す。mは1又は2の整数を示す。nが2以上の場合、( )n内の下記式(A-1-a)は、同じであっても、異なっても良い。)
3.下記式(A-3)で表される上記1に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
4.下記式(A-4)で表される上記1に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
5.下記式(A-5)で表される上記1に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
6.前記式(A-1)~(A-5)中、Ar1、Ar2、Ar2a、Ar2b、Ar3、R1及び/又はR2が1つ又は複数の置換基を有する場合、該置換基は、炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数1~20のハロアルキル基、環形成炭素数5~18のシクロアルキル基、炭素数3~20のシリル基、シアノ基、ハロゲン原子、又は環形成炭素数6~22のアリール基である上記1~4のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
7.下記式(B-1)で表わされる有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
ただし、Ar4、Ar5及びAr6のいずれもアントラセン、ピレン、ペリレン、トリフェ二レン、ナフタセン又はペンタセン骨格を有しない。さらに以下の(1)~(6)の場合をすべて満たすものである。
(1)Ar4がナフタレン環, フェナントレン環, クリセン環, ベンゾアントラセン環,フルオランテン環のいずれかであり、かつAr5がフルオレン環の場合を除く。
(2)Ar4がナフタレン環であり、Ar5がベンゼン環であり、かつAr6がベンゼン環又は水素原子である場合を除く。
(3)(i) Ar4がナフタレン‐2,6-ジイル基であり、Ar5がβ-ナフチル基であり、かつAr6が水素原子である場合を除く。
(ii)Ar4がナフタレン‐2,6-ジイル基であり、Ar5がナフタレン‐2,6-ジイル基であり、かつAr6がβ-ナフチル基である場合を除く。
(4)Ar4がフルオレン環であり、かつAr5がベンゼン環、フルオレン環又はフルオランテン環のいずれかである場合を除く。
また、Ar4がフルオレン環であり、かつAr6が水素原子又はβ-ナフチル基である場合を除く。
(5)Ar4がフェナントレン環又はフルオランテン環であり、Ar5がベンゼン環であり、かつAr6が水素原子である場合を除く。
(6)Ar4がベンゼン環,ビフェニル環, ナフタレン環,ビナフタレン環,フルオレン環のいずれかであり、かつAr5がフルオランテン環の場合を除く。 )
8.Ar4がナフタレン環であり、Ar5がベンゼン環であり、かつAr6が環形成炭素数10~22の縮合多環芳香族炭化水素環残基である上記7に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
9.Ar4がナフタレン環であり、Ar5がナフタレン環であり、かつAr6が環形成炭素数11~22の縮合多環芳香族炭化水素環残基である(ただしAr4がナフタレン‐2,6-ジイル基であり、Ar5がナフタレン‐2,6-ジイル基であり、かつAr6がβ-ナフチル基である場合を除く)上記7に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
10.Ar4がナフタレン環であり、Ar5が環形成炭素数11~22の縮合多環芳香族炭化水素環残基であり、かつAr6が水素原子(重水素原子を含む)である(ただし、以下の(1)~(3)のいずれかの場合を除く。(1)Ar4がナフタレン‐2,6-ジイル基であり、Ar5がβ-ナフチル基であり、かつAr6が水素原子である場合、(2)Ar4がナフタレン‐1,4-ジイル基もしくはナフタレン‐1,5-ジイル基であり、Ar5がフルオランテン環であり、かつAr6が水素原子である場合、又は(3)Ar4がナフタレン‐1,4-ジイル基、ナフタレン‐2,6-ジイル基もしくはナフタレン‐2,8-ジイル基のいずれかであり、Ar5がフルオレン環であり、かつAr6が水素原子である場合)上記7に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
11.以下に示す化合物を除く上記7に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
13.下記式(B-3)で表わされる上記7に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
14.下記式(B-4)で表わされる上記7に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
15.前記式(B-1)のAr4~Ar6における環形成炭素数10~22の縮合多環芳香族炭化水素環が、それぞれ独立に、ナフタレン環、クリセン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、ベンゾ[a]トリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択され、Ar6が水素原子(重水素原子を含む)又は該環形成炭素数10~22の縮合多環芳香族炭化水素環残基を表す上記7に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
16.前記式(B-4)のAr5及びAr6における環形成炭素数10~22の縮合多環芳香族炭化水素環が、それぞれ独立に、ナフタレン環、クリセン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、ベンゾ[a]トリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択され、Ar6が水素原子(重水素原子を含む)又は該環形成炭素数10~22の縮合多環芳香族炭化水素環残基を表す上記14に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
17.前記式(B-4)において、R3及びR4が、それぞれ独立に、炭素数1~10のアルキル基、又はフェニル基を表す上記13に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
18.前記式(B-1)~(B-4)中、R3、R4、Ar4、Ar5及び/又はAr6が、1つ又は複数の置換基を有する場合、該置換基は、炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数1~20のハロアルキル基、環形成炭素数5~18のシクロアルキル基、炭素数3~20のシリル基、シアノ基、ハロゲン原子、又は環形成炭素数6~22のアリール基である上記7~17のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
19.下記式(C-1)で表される有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
R5及びR6は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子(重水素原子を含む)、炭素数1~10のアルキル基又は環形成炭素数6~12のアリール基を表す。
また、R5、R6、Ar7、Ar8及びAr9は、それぞれ独立に、置換基を有しても良い。
ただし、以下の(1)~(4)の場合をすべて満たすものである。
(1)Ar7がベンゼン環であり、かつAr8がベンゼン環又はフルオレン環の場合を除く。
(2)Ar9が水素原子であり、かつAr7とAr8が同一の縮合芳香族炭化水素環残基である場合を除く。
(3)Ar7 とAr8-Ar9が同じ構造の場合を除く。
(4)Ar7がβ-ナフチル基又はナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基であり、Ar8がナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基であり、かつAr9がβ-ナフチル基である場合を除く。)
20.Ar7がナフタレン環であり、Ar8がベンゼン環であり、かつAr9がナフタレン環、クリセン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、トリフェニレン環、ベンゾ[a]トリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環残基である上記19に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
21.Ar7がナフタレン環であり、Ar8がナフタレン環であり、かつAr9がナフタレン環、クリセン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、トリフェニレン環、ベンゾ[a]トリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環残基である(ただしAr7がβ-ナフチル基であり、Ar8がナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基であり、かつAr9がβ-ナフチル基である場合を除く)上記19に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
22.Ar7及びAr8が、それぞれ独立に、ナフタレン環、クリセン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、トリフェニレン環、ベンゾ[a]トリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環残基であり、かつAr9が水素原子(重水素原子を含む)である上記19に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
23.下記式(C-2)で表される上記19に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
24.前記一般式(C-1)、(C-2)におけるR5、R6、Ar7、Ar8及び/又はAr9が1つ又は複数の置換基を有する場合、該置換基は、炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数1~20のハロアルキル基、環形成炭素数5~18のシクロアルキル基、炭素数3~20のシリル基、シアノ基、ハロゲン原子、又は環形成炭素数6~22のアリール基である上記19~23のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
25.下記式(C-3)~(C-6)のいずれかで表される上記23に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
26.前記式(C-3)~(C-6)中、R5、R6、Ar7及び/又はAr9が1つ又は複数の置換基を有する場合、該置換基は、炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数1~20のハロアルキル基、環形成炭素数5~18のシクロアルキル基、炭素数3~20のシリル基、シアノ基、ハロゲン原子又は環形成炭素数6~22のアリール基である上記25のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
27.下記式のいずれかで表わされる有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、
前記有機薄膜層は、少なくとも1つの発光層を有し、
前記発光層の少なくとも1つは、
燐光発光を示す燐光発光材料を少なくとも1種と、
下記式(A-1)で表されるホスト材料と、を含むことを特徴とした有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
Ar2は、置換もしくは無置換のベンゼン環残基、又は、置換もしくは無置換のナフタレン環残基、置換もしくは無置換のフェナントレン環残基を表す。
Aは、O、S又はCR1R2を示す。R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数1~20のアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数3~20のシクロアルキル基、炭素数7~24のアラルキル基、炭素数3~20のシリル基を表す。
nは1~3の整数を示す。mは1又は2の整数を示す。nが2以上の場合、( )n内の下記式(A-1-a)は、同じであっても、異なっても良い。)
30.上記28に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子であって、式(A-1)が下記式(A-3)で表されることを特徴とした有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
31.上記28に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子であって、式(A-1)が下記式(A-4)で表されることを特徴とした有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
32.陰極と陽極との間に、1層又は複数層からなる有機薄膜層を備え、該有機薄膜層は、少なくとも1つの発光層を有し、該有機薄膜層の少なくとも1層が、燐光発光材料の少なくとも1種と、上記1~23及び25~27のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料とを含む有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
33.前記発光層の少なくとも1つが前記有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料と、前記燐光発光材料の少なくとも1種とを含む上記32に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
34.前記燐光発光材料が、金属錯体を含有し、該金属錯体が、Ir,Pt,Os,Au,Cu,Re及びRuから選択される金属原子と、配位子とを有する上記32に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
35.前記配位子が、錯体を形成する金属原子とオルトメタル結合を有する上記32に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
36.前記有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料の励起三重項エネルギーが、2.0eV以上2.8eV以下である上記32に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
37.前記燐光発光材料のうち少なくとも1種の、発光波長の極大値が520nm以上720nm以下である上記32に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
38.前記有機薄膜層が、前記陰極と前記発光層との間に電子輸送層を有し、該電子輸送層が、前記有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料を含む上記32に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
39.前記有機薄膜層が、前記陰極と前記発光層との間に電子輸送層又は電子注入層を有し、前記電子輸送層又は前記電子注入層が、含窒素6員環もしくは5員環骨格を有する芳香族環又は含窒素6員環もしくは5員環骨格を有する縮合芳香族環化合物を含む上記32に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
40.前記有機薄膜層が、前記陰極と前記発光層との間に電子輸送層又は電子注入層を有し、前記電子輸送層又は前記電子注入層が、前記有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料を含む上記32に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、及び
41.前記陰極と前記有機薄膜層との界面領域に還元性ドーパントが添加されている上記32に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、
を提供するものである。
2 基板
3 陽極
4 陰極
5 燐光発光層
6 正孔注入・輸送層
7 電子注入・輸送層
10 有機薄膜層
(有機EL素子の構成)
まず、有機EL素子の素子構成について説明する。
有機EL素子の代表的な素子構成としては、
(1)陽極/発光層/陰極
(2)陽極/正孔注入層/発光層/陰極
(3)陽極/発光層/電子注入・輸送層/陰極
(4)陽極/正孔注入層/発光層/電子注入・輸送層/陰極
(5)陽極/有機半導体層/発光層/陰極
(6)陽極/有機半導体層/電子障壁層/発光層/陰極
(7)陽極/有機半導体層/発光層/付着改善層/陰極
(8)陽極/正孔注入・輸送層/発光層/電子注入・輸送層/陰極
(9)陽極/絶縁層/発光層/絶縁層/陰極
(10)陽極/無機半導体層/絶縁層/発光層/絶縁層/陰極
(11)陽極/有機半導体層/絶縁層/発光層/絶縁層/陰極
(12)陽極/絶縁層/正孔注入・輸送層/発光層/絶縁層/陰極
(13)陽極/絶縁層/正孔注入・輸送層/発光層/電子注入・輸送層/陰極
などの構造を挙げることができる。
上記の中で(8)の構成が好ましく用いられるが、もちろんこれらに限定されるものではない。
有機EL素子1は、透明な基板2と、陽極3と、陰極4と、陽極3と陰極4との間に配置された有機薄膜層10と、を有する。
有機薄膜層10は、ホスト材料としての燐光ホスト及び燐光発光材料としての燐光ドーパントを含む燐光発光層5を有するが、燐光発光層5と陽極3との間に正孔注入・輸送層6等、燐光発光層5と陰極4との間に電子注入・輸送層7等を備えていてもよい。
また、燐光発光層5の陽極3側に電子障壁層を、燐光発光層5の陰極4側に正孔障壁層を、それぞれ設けてもよい。
これにより、電子や正孔を燐光発光層5に閉じ込めて、燐光発光層5における励起子の生成確率を高めることができる。
言い換えると、本明細書において、蛍光ホストとは、蛍光ドーパントを含有する蛍光発光層を構成する材料を意味し、蛍光材料のホストにしか利用できないものを意味しているわけではない。
同様に燐光ホストとは、燐光ドーパントを含有する燐光発光層を構成する材料を意味し、燐光発光材料のホストにしか利用できないものを意味しているわけではない。
有機EL素子は、透光性の基板上に作製する。ここでいう透光性基板は有機EL素子を支持する基板であり、400~700nmの可視領域の光の透過率が50%以上で平滑な基板が好ましい。
具体的には、ガラス板、ポリマー板等が挙げられる。
ガラス板としては、特にソーダ石灰ガラス、バリウム・ストロンチウム含有ガラス、鉛ガラス、アルミノケイ酸ガラス、ホウケイ酸ガラス、バリウムホウケイ酸ガラス、石英等が挙げられる。
またポリマー板としては、ポリカーボネート、アクリル、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリエーテルサルファイド、ポリサルフォン等を挙げることができる。
有機EL素子の陽極は、正孔を正孔注入層、正孔輸送層又は発光層に注入する役割を担うものであり、4.5eV以上の仕事関数を有することが効果的である。
陽極材料の具体例としては、酸化インジウム錫合金(ITO)、酸化錫(NESA)、酸化インジウム亜鉛酸化物、金、銀、白金、銅等が挙げられる。
陽極はこれらの電極物質を蒸着法やスパッタリング法等の方法で薄膜を形成させることにより作製することができる。
本実施形態のように、発光層からの発光を陽極から取り出す場合、陽極の可視領域の光の透過率を10%より大きくすることが好ましい。また、陽極のシート抵抗は、数百Ω/□以下が好ましい。陽極の膜厚は、材料にもよるが、通常10nm~1μm、好ましくは10~200nmの範囲で選択される。
陰極材料は特に限定されないが、具体的にはインジウム、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、マグネシウム-インジウム合金、マグネシウム-アルミニウム合金、アルミニウム-リチウム合金、アルミニウム-スカンジウム-リチウム合金、マグネシウム-銀合金等が使用できる。
陰極も、陽極と同様に、蒸着法やスパッタリング法等の方法で薄膜を形成させることにより作製することができる。また、陰極側から、発光を取り出す態様を採用することもできる。
有機EL素子の発光層は以下の機能を併せ持つものである。
すなわち、
(1)注入機能;電界印加時に陽極又は正孔注入層より正孔を注入することができ、陰極又は電子注入層より電子を注入することができる機能、
(2)輸送機能;注入した電荷(電子と正孔)を電界の力で移動させる機能、
(3)発光機能;電子と正孔の再結合の場を提供し、これを発光につなげる機能、
がある。
ただし、正孔の注入されやすさと電子の注入されやすさに違いがあってもよく、また、正孔と電子の移動度で表される輸送能に大小があってもよい。
発光層は、分子堆積膜であることが好ましい。
ここで分子堆積膜とは、気相状態の材料化合物から沈着され形成された薄膜や、溶液状態又は液相状態の材料化合物から固体化され形成された膜のことであり、通常この分子堆積膜は、LB法により形成された薄膜(分子累積膜)とは凝集構造、高次構造の相違や、それに起因する機能的な相違により区分することができる。また、特開昭57-51781号公報に開示されているように、樹脂等の結着剤と材料化合物とを溶剤に溶かして溶液とした後、これをスピンコート法等により薄膜化することによっても、発光層を形成することができる。
さらに、発光層の膜厚は、好ましくは5~50nm、より好ましくは7~50nm、最も好ましくは10~50nmである。5nm未満では発光層形成が困難となり、色度の調整が困難となる恐れがあり、50nmを超えると駆動電圧が上昇する恐れがある。
Ar2は、置換もしくは無置換のベンゼン環、置換もしくは無置換のナフタレン環、又は置換もしくは無置換のフェナントレン環残基を表す。
Aは、O、S又はCR1R2を示す。R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立に、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~20のアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数3~20のシクロアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数7~24のアラルキル基、又は置換もしくは無置換の炭素数3~20のシリル基を表す。
nは1~3の整数を示す。mは1又は2の整数を示す。nが2以上の場合、( )n内の下記式(A-1-a)は、同じであっても、異なっても良い。)
本発明の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料Bは、下記式(B-1)で表され、下記式(B-2)~(B-4)で表されるものが好ましい。
ただし、Ar4、Ar5及びAr6のいずれもアントラセン、ピレン、ペリレン、トリフェ二レン、ナフタセン又はペンタセン骨格を有しない。さらに以下の(1)~(6)の場合をすべて満たすものである。
(1)Ar4がナフタレン環, フェナントレン環, クリセン環, ベンゾアントラセン環,フルオランテン環のいずれかであり、かつAr5がフルオレン環の場合を除く。
(2)Ar4がナフタレン環であり、Ar5がベンゼン環であり、かつAr6がベンゼン環又は水素原子である場合を除く。
(3)(i) Ar4がナフタレン‐2,6-ジイル基であり、Ar5がβ-ナフチル基であり、かつAr6が水素原子である場合を除く。
(ii)Ar4がナフタレン‐2,6-ジイル基であり、Ar5がナフタレン‐2,6-ジイル基であり、かつAr6がβ-ナフチル基である場合を除く。
(4)Ar4がフルオレン環であり、かつAr5がベンゼン環、フルオレン環又はフルオランテン環のいずれかである場合を除く。
また、Ar4がフルオレン環であり、かつAr6が水素原子又はβ-ナフチル基である場合を除く。
(5)Ar4がフェナントレン環又はフルオランテン環であり、Ar5がベンゼン環であり、かつAr6が水素原子である場合を除く。
(6)Ar4がベンゼン環,ビフェニル環, ナフタレン環,ビナフタレン環,フルオレン環のいずれかであり、かつAr5がフルオランテン環の場合を除く。 )
Ar4がナフタレン環であり、Ar5がナフタレン環であり、かつAr6が環形成炭素数10~22の縮合多環芳香族炭化水素環残基である場合が好ましい。
ただし、この場合、Ar4がナフタレン‐2,6-ジイル基であり、Ar5がナフタレン‐2,6-ジイル基であり、かつAr6がβ-ナフチル基である場合は除かれる。さらに、この場合、Ar6がフェナントリル基、ベンゾフェナントリル基、ジベンゾフェナントリル基、クリセニル基、フルオランテニル基、トリフェニレン基、ベンゾトリフェニレン基が好ましい。
Ar4がナフタレン環であり、Ar5が環形成炭素数11~22の縮合多環芳香族炭化水素環残基であり、かつAr6が水素原子(重水素原子を含む)である場合が好ましい。ただし、以下の(1)~(3)のいずれかの場合は除かれる。(1)Ar4がナフタレン‐2,6-ジイル基であり、A5がβ-ナフチル基であり、かつAr6が水素原子である場合、(2)Ar4がナフタレン‐1,4-ジイル基もしくはナフタレン‐1,5-ジイル基であり、Ar5がフルオランテン環であり、かつAr6が水素原子である場合、又は(3)Ar4がナフタレン‐1,4-ジイル基、ナフタレン‐2,6-ジイル基もしくはナフタレン‐2,8-ジイル基のいずれかであり、Ar5がフルオレン環であり、かつAr6が水素原子である場合である。さらに、この場合、Ar5がフェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、クリセン環、フルオランテン環、トリフェニレン環、ベンゾトリフェニレン環が好ましい。
さらには、Ar4がフルオランテン環、フェナントレン環、クリセン環であり、Ar5が環形成炭素数10~22の縮合多環芳香族炭化水素環であり、かつAr6が水素原子(重水素原子を含む)である場合が好ましい。さらに、この場合、Ar5がナフタレン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、クリセン環、フルオランテン環、トリフェニレン環、ベンゾトリフェニレン環が好ましい。
前記式(B-4)のAr5及びAr6における環形成炭素数10~22の縮合多環芳香族炭化水素環は、それぞれ独立に、ナフタレン環、クリセン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、ベンゾ[a]トリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択されることが好ましく、Ar6は水素原子(重水素原子を含む)又は該環形成炭素数10~22の縮合多環芳香族炭化水素環残基を表すことが好ましい。
前記式(B-4)において、R3及びR4は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数1~10のアルキル基、又はフェニル基を表すことが好ましい。
本発明の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料Cは、下記式(C-1)で表され、下記式(C-2)~(C-6)で表されるものが好ましい。この式、(C-1)~(C-6)は左右対象となる構造を含まないものである。
R5及びR6は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子(重水素原子を含む)、炭素数1~10のアルキル基又は環形成炭素数6~12のアリール基を表す。
また、R5、R6、Ar7、Ar8及びAr9は、それぞれ独立に、置換基を有しても良い。
ただし、以下の(1)~(4)の場合をすべて満たすものである。
(1)Ar7がベンゼン環であり、かつAr8がベンゼン環又はフルオレン環の場合を除く。
(2)Ar9が水素原子であり、かつAr7とAr8が同一の縮合芳香族炭化水素環残基である場合を除く。
(3)Ar7 とAr8-Ar9が同じ構造の場合を除く。
(4)Ar7がβ-ナフチル基又はナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基であり、Ar8がナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基であり、かつAr9がβ-ナフチル基である場合を除く。)
Ar7がナフタレン環であり、Ar8がナフタレン環であり、かつAr9がナフタレン環、クリセン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、トリフェニレン環、ベンゾ[a]トリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環残基である場合が好ましい。ただしAr7がβ-ナフチル基であり、Ar8がナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基であり、かつAr9がβ-ナフチル基である場合は除かれる。特にAr9がフェナントレン環である場合が好ましい。
Ar7及びAr8が独立に、ナフタレン環、クリセン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、トリフェニレン環、ベンゾ[a]トリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環残基であり、かつAr9が水素である場合が好ましい。特にAr7及びAr8が独立に、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ベンゾ[a]トリフェニレン環、フルオランテン環である場合が好ましい。
また、蛍光ホストとしてよく知られたアントラセン誘導体では赤色発光の燐光ドーパントにもホストとして不適であるが、本発明のホストでは三重項エネルギーギャップが大きいことから、有効に緑色の発光を示す燐光ドーパントを発光させることができる。
ただし、従来よく知られた燐光ホストであるCBPでは緑よりもさらに短波長の燐光ドーパントに対してもホストとして機能するが、本発明のホスト材料では、緑色の発光を示す燐光ドーパントまでしか発光させることができない。
また、本発明では、ホスト材料の骨格を窒素原子を含まない多環式縮合環を部分構造に持つことにより、分子の安定性を高くし素子寿命を長くすることができる。
このとき、骨格部の核原子数が少なすぎると分子の安定性が十分に高くならない。一方、ホスト材料を構成する多環式縮合環の縮合する環数が多くなりすぎるとHOMO-LUMOギャップが狭くなって三重項エネルギーギャップが有用な発光波長に満たなくなる。この点、本発明の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料からなるホスト材料は、適度な核原子数を有するので、有用な発光波長を示し安定性も高い燐光発光層の燐光ホストとして好適に利用することができる。
しかしCBPでは確かに三重項エネルギーギャップEg(T)は広いが、寿命が短いという問題があった。
この点、本発明では、青ほどワイドギャップな燐光ドーパントのホストには適用できないが、赤又は緑の燐光ドーパントに対してはホストとして機能する。さらには、CBPのように三重項エネルギーギャップが広すぎると、緑色燐光ドーパントに対してはエネルギーギャップの差が大きすぎて分子間エネルギー移動が効率的に行われないという問題があるが、本発明のホスト材料によれば、緑色燐光ドーパントに対してはエネルギーギャップが適合しているため、効率的にホストの励起子から燐光ドーパントにエネルギー移動させることができ、非常に高効率の燐光発光層を構成することができる。
このように、本発明によれば、高効率かつ長寿命の燐光発光層を構成することができる。
すなわち、各材料をEPA溶媒(容積比でジエチルエーテル:イソペンタン:エタノール=5:5:2)に10μmol/Lで溶解し、燐光測定用試料とする。
そして、燐光測定用試料を石英セルに入れ、77Kに冷却し、励起光を照射し、放射される燐光の波長を測定する。
得られた燐光スペクトルの短波長側の立ちあがりに対して接線を引き、この接線とベースラインとの交点の波長値をエネルギーに換算した値を三重項エネルギーギャップEg(T)とする。
なお、測定には、例えば、市販の測定装置F-4500(日立製作所製)を用いることができる。
ただし、このような規定によらず、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で三重項エネルギーギャップとして定義できる値であればよい。
置換基が窒素原子を有さないので、より一層、ホスト材料の安定性を高くし素子寿命を長くすることができる。
なお、Ar1~Ar9及び/又はR1~R6が置換基として有するアリール基の数は、Ar1~Ar9及び/又はR1~R6それぞれについて、好ましくは2つ以下であり、1つ以下がより好ましい。
ハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子が挙げられる。
励起三重項エネルギーが2.0eV以上であれば、500nm以上720nm以下で発光する燐光発光材料へのエネルギー移動が可能である。2.8eV以下であれば、赤色燐光ドーパントに対してエネルギーギャップの差が大きすぎて発光が効率的に行われないという問題を回避できる。
なお、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料の励起三重項エネルギーは、2.1eV以上2.7eV以下であることがより好ましい。
燐光量子収率が高く、発光素子の外部量子効率をより向上させることができるという点で、イリジウム(Ir),オスミウム(Os)及び白金(Pt)から選ばれる金属を含有する化合物であると好ましく、イリジウム錯体、オスミウム錯体、白金錯体等の金属錯体であるとさらに好ましく、中でもイリジウム錯体及び白金錯体がより好ましく、オルトメタル化イリジウム錯体が最も好ましい。
好ましい金属錯体の具体例を、以下に示す。
このような発光波長の燐光発光材料(燐光ドーパント)を、本発明で用いる特定のホスト材料にドープして発光層を構成することにより、高効率な有機EL素子とできる。
このような構成によれば、有機EL素子における発光輝度の向上や長寿命化が図られる。
還元性ドーパントとしては、アルカリ金属、アルカリ金属錯体、アルカリ金属化合物、アルカリ土類金属、アルカリ土類金属錯体、アルカリ土類金属化合物、希土類金属、希土類金属錯体、及び希土類金属化合物等から選ばれた少なくとも一種類が挙げられる。
アルカリ土類金属としては、Ca(仕事関数:2.9eV)、Sr(仕事関数:2.0~2.5eV)、Ba(仕事関数:2.52eV)等が挙げられ、仕事関数が2.9eV以下のものが特に好ましい。
希土類金属としては、Sc、Y、Ce、Tb、Yb等が挙げられ、仕事関数が2.9eV以下のものが特に好ましい。
以上の金属のうち好ましい金属は、特に還元能力が高く、電子注入域への比較的少量の添加により、有機EL素子における発光輝度の向上や長寿命化が可能である。
アルカリ土類金属化合物としては、BaO、SrO、CaO及びこれらを混合したBaxSr1-xO(0<x<1)、BaxCa1-xO(0<x<1)等が挙げられ、BaO、SrO、CaOが好ましい。
希土類金属化合物としては、YbF3、ScF3、ScO3、Y2O3、Ce2O3、GdF3、TbF3等が挙げられ、YbF3、ScF3、TbF3が好ましい。
還元性ドーパントを層状に形成する場合は、界面の有機層である発光材料や電子注入材料を層状に形成した後に、還元ドーパントを単独で抵抗加熱蒸着法により蒸着し、好ましくは層の厚み0.1~15nmで形成する。
還元性ドーパントを島状に形成する場合は、界面の有機層である発光材料や電子注入材料を島状に形成した後に、還元ドーパントを単独で抵抗加熱蒸着法により蒸着し、好ましくは島の厚み0.05~1nmで形成する。
また、本発明の有機EL素子における、主成分と還元性ドーパントの割合としては、モル比で主成分:還元性ドーパント=5:1~1:5であると好ましく、2:1~1:2であるとさらに好ましい。
なお、「主成分として」とは、電子注入層が50質量%以上の含窒素環誘導体を含有していることを意味する。
電子注入層又は電子輸送層は、発光層への電子の注入を助ける層であって、電子移動度が大きい。電子注入層はエネルギーレベルの急な変化を緩和する等、エネルギーレベルを調整するために設ける。
電子注入層に用いる電子輸送性材料としては、分子内にヘテロ原子を1個以上含有する芳香族ヘテロ環化合物が好ましく用いられ、特に含窒素環誘導体が好ましい。また、含窒素環誘導体としては、含窒素6員環もしくは5員環骨格を有する芳香族環、又は含窒素6員環もしくは5員環骨格を有する縮合芳香族環化合物が好ましい。
ハロゲン原子としては、例えば、フッ素、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素等が挙げられる。また、置換されていてもよいアミノ基の例としては、アルキルアミノ基、アリールアミノ基、アラルキルアミノ基が挙げられる。
炭素数1~40の炭化水素基としては、置換もしくは無置換のアルキル基、アルケニル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アラルキル基等が挙げられる。
アルコキシ基は-OYと表される基である。Yの具体例としては、前記アルキル基で説明したものと同様のものが挙げられ、好ましい例も同様である。
縮合アリール基としては、例えば、1-ナフチル基、2-ナフチル基が挙げられる。
アリールアミノ基は-NAr1Ar2と表され、Ar1及びAr2の具体例としては、それぞれ独立に前記非縮合アリール基及び縮合アリールで説明した基と同様である。Ar1及びAr2の一方は水素原子(重水素原子を含む)であってもよい。
前記式(A’)及び式(A’’)のR8~R12及びR13~R27が示す炭素数1~40の炭化水素基としては、R2~R7の具体例と同様のものが挙げられる。
また、R8~R12及びR13~R27の互いに隣接する基が環状構造を形成した場合の2価の基としては、テトラメチレン基、ペンタメチレン基、ヘキサメチレン基、ジフェニルメタン-2,2’-ジイル基、ジフェニルエタン-3,3’-ジイル基、ジフェニルプロパン-4,4’-ジイル基等が挙げられる。
電子注入層又は電子輸送層は、発光層への電子の注入を助ける層であって、電子移動度が大きい。電子注入層はエネルギーレベルの急な変化を緩和する等、エネルギーレベルを調整するために設ける。電子注入層又は電子輸送層に用いられる材料としては、8-ヒドロキシキノリン又はその誘導体の金属錯体、オキサジアゾール誘導体、含窒素複素環誘導体が好適である。上記8-ヒドロキシキノリン又はその誘導体の金属錯体の具体例としては、オキシン(一般に8-キノリノール又は8-ヒドロキシキノリン)のキレートを含む金属キレートオキシノイド化合物、例えばトリス(8-キノリノール)アルミニウムを用いることができる。そして、オキサジアゾール誘導体としては、下記のものを挙げることができる。
また、アリーレン基としては、フェニレン基、ナフチレン基、ビフェニレン基、アントラニレン基、ペリレニレン基、ピレニレン基などが挙げられる。そして、これらへの置換基としては炭素数1~10のアルキル基、炭素数1~10のアルコキシ基又はシアノ基等が挙げられる。この電子伝達化合物は、薄膜形成性の良好なものが好ましく用いられる。そして、これら電子伝達性化合物の具体例としては、下記のものを挙げることができる。
含窒素有機化合物の含窒素基は、例えば、以下の一般式で表される含窒素複素環基から選択される。
さらに、好ましい具体的な化合物として、下記式で表される含窒素複素環誘導体が挙げられる。
HAr-L1-Ar1-Ar2
HArは、例えば、下記の群から選択される。
また、上記式で表されるAr1において、R1~R8は、いずれも水素原子(重水素原子を含む)である含窒素複素環誘導体。
さらに、該含窒素複素環基もしくは含窒素複素環誘導体を含む高分子化合物であってもよい。
Ar3は、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数6~60のアリール基、置換基を有していてもよいピリジル基、置換基を有していてもよいキノリル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~20のアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~20のアルコキシ基、又は-Ar1-Ar2で表される基(Ar1及びAr2は、それぞれ前記と同じ)である。
炭素数1~20のアルコキシ基としては、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基が好ましく、具体的には、メトキシ基、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基、ブトキシ基、ペンチルオキシ基、ヘキシルオキシ基等が挙げられ、炭素数が3以上のものは直鎖状、環状又は分岐を有するものでもよい。
ハロゲン原子としては、フッ素、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素等が挙げられる。
炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数1~20のアルコキシ基、炭素数6~40のアリール基としては、前記と同様のものが挙げられる。
炭素数3~40のヘテロアリール基としては、例えば、ピローリル基、フリル基、チエニル基、シローリル基、ピリジル基、キノリル基、イソキノリル基、ベンゾフリル基、イミダゾリル基、ピリミジル基、カルバゾリル基、セレノフェニル基、オキサジアゾリル基、トリアゾーリル基等が挙げられる。
nは0~4の整数であり、0~2であると好ましい。
これら各基の具体例、好ましい炭素数及び置換基としては、前記Rについて説明したものと同様である。
これら各基の具体例、好ましい炭素数及び置換基としては、前記Rについて説明したものと同様である。
炭素数6~60のアリーレン基としては、炭素数6~40のアリーレン基が好ましく、炭素数6~20のアリーレン基がさらに好ましく、具体的には、前記Rについて説明したアリール基から水素原子(重水素原子を含む)1個を除去して形成される2価の基が挙げられる。Lの示す各基の置換基としては、前記Rについて説明したものと同様である。
また、Ar1は、下記式(101)~(110)で表される縮合環基から選択されるいずれかの基であると好ましい。
前記式(110)において、L'は、単結合、又は下記からなる群から選択される基である。
これら各基の具体例、好ましい炭素数及び置換基としては、前記R について説明したものと同様である。
これら各基の具体例、好ましい炭素数及び置換基としては、前記Rについて説明したものと同様である。
また、Ar3は、下記式(126)~(135)で表される縮合環基から選択されるいずれかの基であると好ましい。
前記式(135) において、L'は、前記と同じである。
前記式(126)~(135)において、R'は、水素原子(重水素原子を含む)、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~20のアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数6~40のアリール基又は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数3~40のヘテロアリール基である。これら各基の具体例としては、前記と同様のものが挙げられる。
Ar3の示す一般式(128)が、下記式(136)~(158)で表される縮合環基であると好ましい。
また、Ar2及びAr3は、それぞれ独立に、下記からなる群から選択される基であると好ましい。
なお、下記表において、HArは、前記式(201)~(203)における、下記構造を示す。
また、電子注入層の構成成分として、含窒素環誘導体の他に無機化合物として、絶縁体又は半導体を使用することが好ましい。電子注入層が絶縁体や半導体で構成されていれば、電流のリークを有効に防止して、電子注入性を向上させることができる。
このような絶縁体としては、アルカリ金属カルコゲニド、アルカリ土類金属カルコゲニド、アルカリ金属のハロゲン化物及びアルカリ土類金属のハロゲン化物からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つの金属化合物を使用するのが好ましい。電子注入層がこれらのアルカリ金属カルコゲニド等で構成されていれば、電子注入性をさらに向上させることができる点で好ましい。具体的に、好ましいアルカリ金属カルコゲニドとしては、例えば、Li2O、K2O、Na2S、Na2Se及びNa2Oが挙げられ、好ましいアルカリ土類金属カルコゲニドとしては、例えば、CaO、BaO、SrO、BeO、BaS及びCaSeが挙げられる。また、好ましいアルカリ金属のハロゲン化物としては、例えば、LiF、NaF、KF、LiCl、KCl及びNaCl等が挙げられる。また、好ましいアルカリ土類金属のハロゲン化物としては、例えば、CaF2、BaF2、SrF2、MgF2及びBeF2等のフッ化物や、フッ化物以外のハロゲン化物が挙げられる。
また、半導体としては、Ba、Ca、Sr、Yb、Al、Ga、In、Li、Na、Cd、Mg、Si、Ta、Sb及びZnの少なくとも一つの元素を含む酸化物、窒化物又は酸化窒化物等の一種単独又は二種以上の組み合わせが挙げられる。また、電子注入層を構成する無機化合物が、微結晶又は非晶質の絶縁性薄膜であることが好ましい。電子注入層がこれらの絶縁性薄膜で構成されていれば、より均質な薄膜が形成されるために、ダークスポット等の画素欠陥を減少させることができる。なお、このような無機化合物としては、アルカリ金属カルコゲニド、アルカリ土類金属カルコゲニド、アルカリ金属のハロゲン化物及びアルカリ土類金属のハロゲン化物等が挙げられる。
このような絶縁体又は半導体を使用する場合、その層の好ましい厚みは、0.1nm~15nm程度である。また、本発明における電子注入層は、前述の還元性ドーパントを含有していても好ましい。
置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のアリール基としては、例えば、フェニル基、1-ナフチル基、2-ナフチル基、1-アントリル基、2-アントリル基、9-アントリル基、1-フェナントリル基、2-フェナントリル基、3-フェナントリル基、4-フェナントリル基、9-フェナントリル基、1-ナフタセニル基、2-ナフタセニル基、9-ナフタセニル基、1-ピレニル基、2-ピレニル基、4-ピレニル基、2-ビフェニルイル基、3-ビフェニルイル基、4-ビフェニルイル基、p-ターフェニル-4-イル基、p-ターフェニル-3-イル基、p-ターフェニル-2-イル基、m-ターフェニル-4-イル基、m-ターフェニル-3-イル基、m-ターフェニル-2-イル基、o-トリル基、m-トリル基、p-トリル基、p-t-ブチルフェニル基、p-(2-フェニルプロピル)フェニル基、3-メチル-2-ナフチル基、4-メチル-1-ナフチル基、4-メチル-1-アントリル基、4'-メチルビフェニルイル基、4"-t-ブチル-p-ターフェニル-4-イル基、フルオランテニル基、フルオレニル基などが挙げられる。
例えば次のような変更も本発明の好適な変形例である。
本発明では、前記発光層が電荷注入補助材を含有していることも好ましい。
エネルギーギャップが広いホスト材料を用いて発光層を形成した場合、ホスト材料のイオン化ポテンシャル(Ip)と正孔注入・輸送層等のIpとの差が大きくなり、発光層への正孔の注入が困難となり、十分な輝度を得るための駆動電圧が上昇するおそれがある。
電荷注入補助剤としては、例えば、一般的な正孔注入・輸送材料等が利用できる。
具体例としては、トリアゾール誘導体(米国特許3,112,197号明細書等参照)、オキサジアゾール誘導体(米国特許3,189,447号明細書等参照)、イミダゾール誘導体(特公昭37-16096号公報等参照)、ポリアリールアルカン誘導体(米国特許3,615,402号明細書、同第3,820,989号明細書、同第3,542,544号明細書、特公昭45-555号公報、同51-10983号公報、特開昭51-93224号公報、同55-17105号公報、同56-4148号公報、同55-108667号公報、同55-156953号公報、同 56-36656号公報等参照)、ピラゾリン誘導体及びピラゾロン誘導体(米国特許第3,180,729号明細書、同第4,278,746号明細書、特開昭55-88064号公報、同55-88065号公報、同49-105537号公報、同55-51086号公報、同56-80051号公報、同56-88141号公報、同57-45545号公報、同54-112637号公報、同55-74546号公報等参照)、フェニレンジアミン誘導体(米国特許第3,615,404号明細書、特公昭51-10105号公報、同46-3712号公報、同47-25336号公報、特開昭54-53435号公報、同54-110536号公報、同54-119925号公報等参照)、アリールアミン誘導体(米国特許第3,567,450号明細書、同第3,180,703号明細書、同第3,240,597号明細書、同第3,658,520号明細書、同第4,232,103号明細書、同第4,175,961号明細書、同第4,012,376号明細書、特公昭49-35702号公報、同39-27577号公報、特開昭55-144250号公報、同56-119132号公報、同56-22437号公報、西独特許第1,110,518号明細書等参照)、アミノ置換カルコン誘導体(米国特許第3,526,501号明細書等参照)、オキサゾール誘導体(米国特許第3,257,203号明細書等に開示のもの)、スチリルアントラセン誘導体(特開昭56-46234号公報等参照)、フルオレノン誘導体(特開昭54-110837号公報等参照)、ヒドラゾン誘導体(米国特許第3,717,462号明細書、特開昭54-59143号公報、同55-52063号公報、同55-52064号公報、同55-46760号公報、同55-85495号公報、同57-11350号公報、同57-148749号公報、特開平2-311591号公報等参照)、スチルベン誘導体(特開昭61-210363号公報、同第61-228451号公報、同61-14642号公報、同61-72255号公報、同62-47646号公報、同62-36674号公報、同62-10652号公報、同62-30255号公報、同60-93455号公報、同60-94462号公報、同60-174749号公報、同60-175052号公報等参照)、シラザン誘導体(米国特許第4,950,950号明細書)、ポリシラン系(特開平2-204996号公報)、アニリン系共重合体(特開平2-282263号公報)、特開平1-211399号公報に開示されている導電性高分子オリゴマー(特にチオフェンオリゴマー)等を挙げることができる。
また、特許公報第3614405号、3571977号又は米国特許4,780,536に記載されているヘキサアザトリフェニレン誘導体等も正孔注入性の材料として好適に用いることができる。
また、p型Si、p型SiC等の無機化合物も正孔注入材料として使用することができる。
本発明の有機EL素子の各有機層の膜厚は特に制限されないが、一般に膜厚が薄すぎるとピンホール等の欠陥が生じやすく、逆に厚すぎると高い印加電圧が必要となり効率が悪くなるため、通常は数nmから1μmの範囲が好ましい。
本発明の化合物群においては、鈴木-宮浦クロスカップリング反応等を用いて合成することができる。例えば、以下の化学反応式に示すように合成される。なお、一般式(1)~(4)を、Ar1-Ar2-[ ]m-Ar3と略す。
(Ar1-Ar2-Br)+((OH)2B-[ ]m-Ar3)
→(Ar1-Ar2-[ ]m-Ar3)
(Ar1-B(OH)2)+(I-Ar2-Br)→(Ar1-Ar2-Br)
(合成参考例1-1)2-ブロモ-9,9-ジメチル-7-(ナフタレン-2-イル)-9H-フルオレンの合成
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量572.25に対し、m/e=572であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量572.25に対し、m/e=572であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量622.27に対し、m/e=622であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量622.27に対し、m/e=622であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量622.27に対し、m/e=622であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量622.27に対し、m/e=622であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量622.27に対し、m/e=622であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量672.28に対し、m/e=672であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量596.25に対し、m/e=596であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量596.21に対し、m/e=596であった。
装置:JSM-700 (日本電子社製)
条件:加速電圧 8kV
スキャンレンジ m/z=50~3000
エミッタ種:カーボン
エミッタ電流:0mA→2mA/分→40mA(10分保持)
前記合成実施例にて得られた化合物の他に、実施例及び比較例で使用した化合物の構造を以下に示す。
(有機EL素子の作製)
25mm×75mm×0.7mm厚のITO透明電極付きガラス基板(旭硝子製)をイソプロピルアルコール中で超音波洗浄を5分間行なった後、UVオゾン洗浄を30分間行なった。洗浄後の透明電極ライン付きガラス基板を真空蒸着装置の基板ホルダーに装着し、まず透明電極ラインが形成されている側の面上に、前記透明電極を覆うようにして膜厚50nmのHT1を成膜した。該HT1膜は正孔注入輸送層として機能する。さらに、該正孔注入輸送層の成膜に続けて、この膜上に膜厚40nmの新規ホスト化合物2-2、および燐光発光性のドーパントとしてIr(piq)3を10質量%になるよう抵抗加熱により共蒸着膜成膜した。該膜は、発光層(燐光発光層)として機能する。該発光層成膜に続けて、膜厚40nmでET1を成膜した。該膜は電子輸送層として機能する。この後、LiFを電子注入性電極(陰極)として成膜速度1Å/minで膜厚0.5nm形成した。このLiF層上に金属Alを蒸着させ、金属陰極を膜厚150nm形成し有機EL素子を形成した。
実施例A-1の新規ホスト化合物2-2に変えて、下記の表1に示すホスト化合物を用いた以外は、実施例A-1と同様にして有機EL素子を形成した。
[実施例A-11]
ドーパントである錯体をComplex Aに替えた以外は、実施例A-6と同じ作製方法で有機EL素子を作製した。
[実施例A-12]
Complex AをComplex Bに替えた以外は、実施例A-11と同じ作製方法で有機EL素子を作製した。
[比較例A-10]
ホスト化合物を2-184からCBPに替えた以外は、実施例A-11と同じ作製方法で有機EL素子を作製した。
[比較例A-11]
ホスト化合物を2-184からBAlqに替えた以外は、実施例A-12と同じ作製方法で有機EL素子を作製した。
上記の実施例A-1~A-12、比較例A-1~A-11で作製した有機EL素子を、直流電流駆動により発光させ、電流密度10mA/cm2における電圧、発光効率および輝度半減寿命(初期輝度5000cd/m2)を測定した。これらの評価の結果を表1に示す。
本発明の組合せの特徴は、ホスト材料の三重項エネルギーギャップとドーパントの三重項エネルギーギャップが適切であるため発光効率が向上することと、フルオレン環残基にナフタレン環残基を結合させ、共役系が伸びる位置で結合させ、より低電圧化したことと、ホスト材料に含窒素環、窒素原子等が置換されていないため、発光材料が正孔、電子に対し高い耐性を持っており、これにより、従来知られていた組合せよりも長寿命化することである。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量572.25に対し、m/e=572であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量572.25に対し、m/e=572であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量622.27に対し、m/e=622であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量622.27に対し、m/e=622であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量622.27に対し、m/e=622であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量622.27に対し、m/e=622であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量622.27に対し、m/e=622であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量672.28に対し、m/e=672であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量596.25に対し、m/e=596であった。
2.42g(収率56%)得た。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量520.66に対し、m/e=520であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量546.70に対し、m/e=546であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量520.66に対し、m/e=520であった。
装置:JSM-700 (日本電子社製)
条件:加速電圧 8kV
スキャンレンジ m/z=50~3000
エミッタ種:カーボン
エミッタ電流:0mA→2mA/分→40mA(10分保持)
前記合成実施例にて得られた化合物の他に、実施例及び比較例で使用した化合物の構造を以下に示す。
(有機EL素子の作製)
25mm×75mm×0.7mm厚のITO透明電極付きガラス基板(旭硝子製)をイソプロピルアルコール中で超音波洗浄を5分間行なった後、UVオゾン洗浄を30分間行なった。洗浄後の透明電極ライン付きガラス基板を真空蒸着装置の基板ホルダーに装着し、まず透明電極ラインが形成されている側の面上に、前記透明電極を覆うようにして膜厚50nmのHT1を成膜した。該HT1膜は正孔注入輸送層として機能する。さらに、該正孔注入輸送層の成膜に続けて、この膜上に膜厚40nmの新規ホスト化合物2-2、および燐光発光性のドーパントとしてIr(piq)3を10質量%になるよう抵抗加熱により共蒸着膜成膜した。該膜は、発光層(燐光発光層)として機能する。該発光層成膜に続けて、膜厚40nmでET1を成膜した。該膜は電子輸送層として機能する。この後、LiFを電子注入性電極(陰極)として成膜速度1Å/minで膜厚0.5nm形成した。このLiF層上に金属Alを蒸着させ、金属陰極を膜厚150nm形成し有機EL素子を形成した。
実施例B-1の新規ホスト化合物2-2に変えて、下記の表2に示すホスト化合物を用いた以外は、実施例B-1と同様にして有機EL素子を形成した。
[実施例B-15]
ドーパントである錯体をComplex Aに替えた以外は、実施例B-13と同じ作製方法で有機EL素子を作製した。
[実施例B-16]
Complex AをComplex Bに替えた以外は、実施例B-13と同じ作製方法で有機EL素子を作製した。
[比較例B-11]
ホスト化合物を4-30からCBPに替えた以外は、実施例B-15と同じ作製方法で有機EL素子を作製した。
[比較例B-12]
ホスト化合物を4-30からBAlqに替えた以外は、実施例B-16と同じ作製方法で有機EL素子を作製した。
上記の実施例B-1~B-16、比較例B-1~B-12で作製した有機EL素子を、直流電流駆動により発光させ、電流密度10mA/cm2における電圧、発光効率および輝度半減寿命(初期輝度5000cd/m2)を測定した。これらの評価の結果を表2に示す。
本発明の組合せの特徴は、ホスト材料の三重項エネルギーギャップとドーパントの三重項エネルギーギャップが適切であるため発光効率が向上することと、フルオレン環残基に特定の縮合多環芳香族残基を結合させることにより、素子がより低電圧化したことと、ホスト材料に含窒素環、窒素原子等が置換されていないため、発光材料が正孔、電子に対し高い耐性を持っており、これにより、従来知られていた組合せよりも長寿命化することである。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量572.25に対し、m/e=572であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量572.25に対し、m/e=572であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量622.27に対し、m/e=622であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量622.27に対し、m/e=622であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量622.27に対し、m/e=622であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量622.27に対し、m/e=622であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量622.27に対し、m/e=622であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量672.28に対し、m/e=672であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量596.25に対し、m/e=596であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量546.7に対し、m/e=546であった。
ついで,アルゴン雰囲気下、中間体2-00 3.0g(5.46mmol)、5-ベンゾ[c]フェナントレンボロン酸 1.49g(5.46mmol)、テトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0)0.25g(0.22mmol)、トルエン50ml、ジメトキシエタン20ml、2M炭酸ナトリウム水溶液 8.3gを加え、85℃にて、9時間攪拌した。反応混合物を室温に戻し、水を加え、1時間攪拌し、一晩放置した。反応混合物に水を加え、室温で一時間攪拌した。濾過後、トルエンで抽出し、有機相を水で洗浄し、次いで飽和食塩水で洗浄した。硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥させた後、トルエンを減圧下留去した。得られたオイル状物質をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、化合物2-517を2.02g(収率53%)得た。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量696.87に対し、m/e=696であった。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量670.84に対し、m/e=670であった。
ついで,アルゴン雰囲気下、中間体2-000 2.50g(5.00mmol)、5-ベンゾ[c]フェナントレンボロン酸 1.36g(5.00mmol)、テトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0)0.23g(0.20mmol)、トルエン50ml、ジメトキシエタン20ml、2M炭酸ナトリウム水溶液 8.0gを加え、85℃にて、10時間攪拌した。反応混合物を室温に戻し、水を加え、1時間攪拌し、一晩放置した。反応混合物に水を加え、室温で一時間攪拌した。濾過後、トルエンで抽出し、有機相を水で洗浄し、次いで飽和食塩水で洗浄した。硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥させた後、トルエンを減圧下留去した。得られたオイル状物質をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、化合物2-528を2.11g(収率68%)得た。
マススペクトラム分析の結果、分子量620.78に対し、m/e=620であった。
装置:JSM-700 (日本電子社製)
条件:加速電圧 8kV
スキャンレンジ m/z=50~3000
エミッタ種:カーボン
エミッタ電流:0mA→2mA/分→40mA(10分保持)
前記合成実施例にて得られた化合物の他に、実施例及び比較例で使用した化合物の構造を以下に示す。
(有機EL素子の作製)
25mm×75mm×0.7mm厚のITO透明電極付きガラス基板(旭硝子製)をイソプロピルアルコール中で超音波洗浄を5分間行なった後、UVオゾン洗浄を30分間行なった。洗浄後の透明電極ライン付きガラス基板を真空蒸着装置の基板ホルダーに装着し、まず透明電極ラインが形成されている側の面上に、前記透明電極を覆うようにして膜厚50nmのHT1を成膜した。該HT1膜は正孔注入輸送層として機能する。さらに、該正孔注入輸送層の成膜に続けて、この膜上に膜厚40nmの新規ホスト化合物2-2、および燐光発光性のドーパントとしてIr(piq)3を10質量%になるよう抵抗加熱により共蒸着膜成膜した。該膜は、発光層(燐光発光層)として機能する。該発光層成膜に続けて、膜厚40nmでET1を成膜した。該膜は電子輸送層として機能する。この後、LiFを電子注入性電極(陰極)として成膜速度1Å/minで膜厚0.5nm形成した。このLiF層上に金属Alを蒸着させ、金属陰極を膜厚150nm形成し有機EL素子を形成した。
実施例1の新規ホスト化合物2-2に変えて、下記の表3に示すホスト化合物を用いた以外は、実施例C-1と同様にして有機EL素子を形成した。
[実施例C-14]
ドーパントである錯体をComplex Aに替えた以外は、実施例C-8と同じ作製方法で有機EL素子を作製した。
[実施例C-15]
Complex AをComplex Bに替えた以外は、実施例C-14と同じ作製方法で有機EL素子を作製した。
[比較例C-10]
ホスト化合物を2-159からCBPに替えた以外は、実施例C-14と同じ作製方法で有機EL素子を作製した。
[比較例C-11]
ホスト化合物を2-159からBAlqに替えた以外は、実施例C-15と同じ作製方法で有機EL素子を作製した。
上記の実施例C-1~C-15、比較例C-1~C-11で作製した有機EL素子を、直流電流駆動により発光させ、電流密度10mA/cm2における電圧、発光効率および輝度半減寿命(初期輝度5000cd/m2)を測定した。これらの評価の結果を表1に示す。
本発明の組合せの特徴は、ホスト材料の三重項エネルギーギャップとドーパントの三重項エネルギーギャップが適切であるため発光効率が向上することと、2価のフルオレン環残基に特定の縮合多環芳香族基を結合させることにより、より低電圧化したことと、ホスト材料に含窒素環、窒素原子等が置換されていないため、発光材料が正孔、電子に対し高い耐性を持っており、これにより、従来知られていた組合せよりも長寿命化することである。
Claims (41)
- 下記式(A-1)で表される有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
Ar2は、置換もしくは無置換のベンゼン環残基、置換もしくは無置換のナフタレン環残基、又は置換もしくは無置換のフェナントレン環残基を表す。
Aは、O、S又はCR1R2を示す。R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立に、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~20のアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数3~20のシクロアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数7~24のアラルキル基、又は置換もしくは無置換の炭素数3~20のシリル基を表す。
nは1~3の整数を示す。mは1又は2の整数を示す。nが2以上の場合、( )n内の下記式(A-1-a)は、同じであっても、異なっても良い。)
- 前記式(A-1)~(A-5)中、Ar1、Ar2、Ar2a、Ar2b、Ar3、R1及び/又はR2が1つ又は複数の置換基を有する場合、該置換基は、炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数1~20のハロアルキル基、環形成炭素数5~18のシクロアルキル基、炭素数3~20のシリル基、シアノ基、ハロゲン原子、又は環形成炭素数6~22のアリール基である請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- 下記式(B-1)で表わされる有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
ただし、Ar4、Ar5及びAr6のいずれもアントラセン、ピレン、ペリレン、トリフェ二レン、ナフタセン又はペンタセン骨格を有しない。さらに以下の(1)~(6)の場合をすべて満たすものである。
(1)Ar4がナフタレン環, フェナントレン環, クリセン環, ベンゾアントラセン環,フルオランテン環のいずれかであり、かつAr5がフルオレン環の場合を除く。
(2)Ar4がナフタレン環であり、Ar5がベンゼン環であり、かつAr6がベンゼン環又は水素原子である場合を除く。
(3)(i) Ar4がナフタレン‐2,6-ジイル基であり、Ar5がβ-ナフチル基であり、かつAr6が水素原子である場合を除く。
(ii)Ar4がナフタレン‐2,6-ジイル基であり、Ar5がナフタレン‐2,6-ジイル基であり、かつAr6がβ-ナフチル基である場合を除く。
(4)Ar4がフルオレン環であり、かつAr5がベンゼン環、フルオレン環又はフルオランテン環のいずれかである場合を除く。
また、Ar4がフルオレン環であり、かつAr6が水素原子又はβ-ナフチル基である場合を除く。
(5)Ar4がフェナントレン環又はフルオランテン環であり、Ar5がベンゼン環であり、かつAr6が水素原子である場合を除く。
(6)Ar4がベンゼン環,ビフェニル環, ナフタレン環,ビナフタレン環,フルオレン環のいずれかであり、かつAr5がフルオランテン環の場合を除く。 ) - Ar4がナフタレン環であり、Ar5がベンゼン環であり、かつAr6が環形成炭素数10~22の縮合多環芳香族炭化水素環残基である請求項7に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- Ar4がナフタレン環であり、Ar5がナフタレン環であり、かつAr6が環形成炭素数11~22の縮合多環芳香族炭化水素環残基である(ただしAr4がナフタレン‐2,6-ジイル基であり、Ar5がナフタレン‐2,6-ジイル基であり、かつAr6がβ-ナフチル基である場合を除く)請求項7に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- Ar4がナフタレン環であり、Ar5が環形成炭素数11~22の縮合多環芳香族炭化水素環残基であり、かつAr6が水素原子(重水素原子を含む)である(ただし、以下の(1)~(3)のいずれかの場合を除く。(1)Ar4がナフタレン‐2,6-ジイル基であり、Ar5がβ-ナフチル基であり、かつAr6が水素原子である場合、(2)Ar4がナフタレン‐1,4-ジイル基もしくはナフタレン‐1,5-ジイル基であり、Ar5がフルオランテン環であり、かつAr6が水素原子である場合、又は(3)Ar4がナフタレン‐1,4-ジイル基、ナフタレン‐2,6-ジイル基もしくはナフタレン‐2,8-ジイル基のいずれかであり、Ar5がフルオレン環であり、かつAr6が水素原子である場合)請求項7に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- 前記式(B-1)のAr4~Ar6における環形成炭素数10~22の縮合多環芳香族炭化水素環が、それぞれ独立に、ナフタレン環、クリセン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、ベンゾ[a]トリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択され、Ar6が水素原子(重水素原子を含む)又は該環形成炭素数10~22の縮合多環芳香族炭化水素環残基を表す請求項7に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- 前記式(B-4)のAr5及びAr6における環形成炭素数10~22の縮合多環芳香族炭化水素環が、それぞれ独立に、ナフタレン環、クリセン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、ベンゾ[a]トリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択され、Ar6が水素原子(重水素原子を含む)又は該環形成炭素数10~22の縮合多環芳香族炭化水素環残基を表す請求項14に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- 前記式(B-4)において、R3及びR4が、それぞれ独立に、炭素数1~10のアルキル基、又はフェニル基を表す請求項14に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- 前記式(B-1)~(B-4)中、R3、R4、Ar4、Ar5及び/又はAr6が、1つ又は複数の置換基を有する場合、該置換基は、炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数1~20のハロアルキル基、環形成炭素数5~18のシクロアルキル基、炭素数3~20のシリル基、シアノ基、ハロゲン原子、又は環形成炭素数6~22のアリール基である請求項7~17のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- 下記式(C-1)で表される有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
R5及びR6は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子(重水素原子を含む)、炭素数1~10のアルキル基又は環形成炭素数6~12のアリール基を表す。
また、R5、R6、Ar7、Ar8及びAr9は、それぞれ独立に、置換基を有しても良い。
ただし、以下の(1)~(4)の場合をすべて満たすものである。
(1)Ar7がベンゼン環であり、かつAr8がベンゼン環又はフルオレン環の場合を除く。
(2)Ar9が水素原子であり、かつAr7とAr8が同一の縮合芳香族炭化水素環残基である場合を除く。
(3)Ar7 とAr8-Ar9が同じ構造の場合を除く。
(4)Ar7がβ-ナフチル基又はナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基であり、Ar8がナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基であり、かつAr9がβ-ナフチル基である場合を除く。) - Ar7がナフタレン環であり、Ar8がベンゼン環であり、かつAr9がナフタレン環、クリセン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、トリフェニレン環、ベンゾ[a]トリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環残基である請求項19に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- Ar7がナフタレン環であり、Ar8がナフタレン環であり、かつAr9がナフタレン環、クリセン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、トリフェニレン環、ベンゾ[a]トリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環残基である(ただしAr7がβ-ナフチル基であり、Ar8がナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基であり、かつAr9がβ-ナフチル基である場合を除く)請求項19に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- Ar7及びAr8が、それぞれ独立に、ナフタレン環、クリセン環、フェナントレン環、ベンゾフェナントレン環、ジベンゾフェナントレン環、トリフェニレン環、ベンゾ[a]トリフェニレン環、ベンゾクリセン環、フルオランテン環、ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン環及びピセン環から選択される縮合芳香族炭化水素環残基であり、かつAr9が水素原子(重水素原子を含む)である請求項19に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- 前記一般式(C-1)、(C-2)におけるR5、R6、Ar7、Ar8及び/又はAr9が1つ又は複数の置換基を有する場合、該置換基は、炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数1~20のハロアルキル基、環形成炭素数5~18のシクロアルキル基、炭素数3~20のシリル基、シアノ基、ハロゲン原子、又は環形成炭素数6~22のアリール基である請求項19~23のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- 前記式(C-3)~(C-6)中、R5、R6、Ar7及び/又はAr9が1つ又は複数の置換基を有する場合、該置換基は、炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数1~20のハロアルキル基、環形成炭素数5~18のシクロアルキル基、炭素数3~20のシリル基、シアノ基、ハロゲン原子又は環形成炭素数6~22のアリール基である請求項25に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料。
- 陰極と陽極との間に、1層又は複数層からなる有機薄膜層を備え、
前記有機薄膜層は、少なくとも1つの発光層を有し、
前記発光層の少なくとも1つは、
燐光発光を示す燐光発光材料を少なくとも1種と、
下記式(A-1)で表されるホスト材料と、を含むことを特徴とした有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
Ar2は、置換もしくは無置換のベンゼン環残基、又は、置換もしくは無置換のナフタレン環残基、置換もしくは無置換のフェナントレン環残基を表す。
Aは、O、S又はCR1R2を示す。R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数1~20のアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数3~20のシクロアルキル基、炭素数7~24のアラルキル基、炭素数3~20のシリル基を表す。
nは1~3の整数を示す。mは1又は2の整数を示す。nが2以上の場合、( )n内の下記式(A-1-a)は、同じであっても、異なっても良い。)
- 陰極と陽極との間に、1層又は複数層からなる有機薄膜層を備え、該有機薄膜層は、少なくとも1つの発光層を有し、該有機薄膜層の少なくとも1層が、燐光発光材料の少なくとも1種と、請求項1~23及び25~27のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料とを含む有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記発光層の少なくとも1つが前記有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料と、前記燐光発光材料の少なくとも1種とを含む請求項32に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記燐光発光材料が、金属錯体を含有し、該金属錯体が、Ir,Pt,Os,Au,Cu,Re及びRuから選択される金属原子と、配位子とを有する請求項32に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記配位子が、錯体を形成する金属原子とオルトメタル結合を有する請求項34に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料の励起三重項エネルギーが、2.0eV以上2.8eV以下である請求項32に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記燐光発光材料のうち少なくとも1種の、発光波長の極大値が520nm以上720nm以下である請求項32に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記有機薄膜層が、前記陰極と前記発光層との間に電子輸送層を有し、該電子輸送層が、前記有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料を含む請求項32に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記有機薄膜層が、前記陰極と前記発光層との間に電子輸送層又は電子注入層を有し、前記電子輸送層又は前記電子注入層が、含窒素6員環もしくは5員環骨格を有する芳香族環又は含窒素6員環もしくは5員環骨格を有する縮合芳香族環化合物を含む請求項32に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記有機薄膜層が、前記陰極と前記発光層との間に電子輸送層又は電子注入層を有し、前記電子輸送層又は前記電子注入層が、前記有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料を含む請求項32に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記陰極と前記有機薄膜層との界面領域に還元性ドーパントが添加されている請求項32に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
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EP09834888A EP2372803A4 (en) | 2008-12-26 | 2009-12-22 | MATERIAL FOR AN ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENCE ELEMENT AND ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENE ELEMENT |
US13/142,357 US8940412B2 (en) | 2008-12-26 | 2009-12-22 | Material for organic electroluminescent element, and organic electroluminescent element |
CN2009801525324A CN102265424A (zh) | 2008-12-26 | 2009-12-22 | 有机电致发光元件用材料和有机电致发光元件 |
JP2010544086A JPWO2010074087A1 (ja) | 2008-12-26 | 2009-12-22 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料及び有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
KR1020117014618A KR101296978B1 (ko) | 2008-12-26 | 2009-12-22 | 유기 전기발광 소자용 재료 및 유기 전기발광 소자 |
EP13198972.5A EP2713415B1 (en) | 2008-12-26 | 2009-12-22 | Material for organic electroluminescent element, and organic electroluminescent element |
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EP2713415A1 (en) | 2014-04-02 |
US8940412B2 (en) | 2015-01-27 |
EP2713415B1 (en) | 2018-12-19 |
JPWO2010074087A1 (ja) | 2012-06-21 |
EP2372803A4 (en) | 2012-07-04 |
CN102265424A (zh) | 2011-11-30 |
EP2372803A1 (en) | 2011-10-05 |
KR101296978B1 (ko) | 2013-08-14 |
US20110315965A1 (en) | 2011-12-29 |
KR20110114545A (ko) | 2011-10-19 |
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