US20070016181A1 - Microwave tissue resection tool - Google Patents
Microwave tissue resection tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20070016181A1 US20070016181A1 US11/452,637 US45263706A US2007016181A1 US 20070016181 A1 US20070016181 A1 US 20070016181A1 US 45263706 A US45263706 A US 45263706A US 2007016181 A1 US2007016181 A1 US 2007016181A1
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- Prior art keywords
- tissue
- power
- sleeve
- dielectric
- microwave
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/1815—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using microwaves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00005—Cooling or heating of the probe or tissue immediately surrounding the probe
- A61B2018/00011—Cooling or heating of the probe or tissue immediately surrounding the probe with fluids
- A61B2018/00023—Cooling or heating of the probe or tissue immediately surrounding the probe with fluids closed, i.e. without wound contact by the fluid
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates generally to medical instruments, and in particular to medical instruments in the field of tissue resection, coagulation, and hemostasis. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to a medical tool or device for resonant delivery of microwave power or energy to tissue for the purpose of resection and coagulation of vessels.
- Electrosurgery is a well-established technique to use electrical energy at DC or radio frequencies (i.e. less than 500 kHz) to simultaneously cut tissue and to coagulate small blood vessels.
- Radio-frequency (RF) ablation of tumor tissue was developed from the basis of electrosurgery, and has been used with varied success to coagulate blood vessels while creating zones of necrosis sufficient to kill tumor tissue with sufficient margin.
- Limitations of the above techniques center on the need for ground pads on the skin of the patient to provide a return path for the current, as well as the undesirable stimulation of the nervous system as cuts are being made; this usually requires injection of a temporary paralyzing agent.
- the present disclosure relates to delivery of microwave (e.g. approximately 800 MHz and higher frequencies) power to tissue for the purpose of ablating tissue or resecting tissue with little or no loss of blood.
- microwave e.g. approximately 800 MHz and higher frequencies
- the device enables delivery of large amounts of power (e.g. greater than 100 Watts) to tissue without the need for ground pads since it accomplishes an impedance match between tissue and the characteristic impedance of the waveguide that feeds power to it. This is accomplished in a hand-held format similar to many surgical tools. It can accept a variety of tips for different cutting and coagulation purposes. Furthermore, because of the impedance matching, reflected power from the tool is minimized. Reflected power can further be monitored at the generator or along the feed cable to use as feedback to the generator power control.
- power e.g. greater than 100 Watts
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, showing the arrangement of an impedance-matching sleeve and the tip.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure encapsulated in a ceramic or plastic housing.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram for a microwave power delivery and control system in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 1 an example of the preferred embodiment of the energy delivery device or microwave tissue resection tool of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. 1 .
- a semi-rigid coaxial cable preferably constructed of copper or silver with a suitable low-loss dielectric, forms the basis of the device.
- the cable's center conductor 10 protrudes from the outer conductor 12 by a length L 1 , which is set to be a ⁇ /4 (quarter-wavelength) at the frequency of excitation (e.g. 915 MHz, 2.45 GHz, or another suitable frequency) in the dielectric environment of the tissue of interest.
- the cable can be chosen from commercially-available standards, but it should be thick enough to be rated for the power delivered.
- the coaxial cable is shrouded by a dielectric sleeve 14 that provides both thermal and electrical insulation.
- a conductive sleeve e.g. made of copper or silver or another suitable conductor
- This conductive sleeve 16 contacts the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 12 at a point 18 , where it is free to slide if necessary to fine-tune the impedance matching effect. It can then be fixed in place with adhesive or other suitable mechanism.
- the protrusion of the coaxial cable's center conductor 10 is shrouded by a non-stick material 20 (e.g. PTFE or Teflon) to minimize adhesion of the device to the tissue.
- a non-stick material 20 e.g. PTFE or Teflon
- a tip 22 at the distal end of the device can be specially formed to maximize the electric field emanating from it.
- the tip 22 can be sharpened and optionally exposed directly to the tissue.
- the device is connected to a feed cable at its proximal end 26 .
- This cable can be optionally connectorized, by attaching any suitable connector known in the art of connecting cable, to simplify exchange of the device.
- the device can be enshrouded in a suitable ceramic or plastic housing 30 , which can contain cooling fluid (e.g. air, nitrogen, water, etc) and microwave absorbing material (e.g. polyiron) to minimize radiation from the tool to the extent necessary or desired.
- cooling fluid e.g. air, nitrogen, water, etc
- microwave absorbing material e.g. polyiron
- the device 30 can be used in a system by which it is connected to a source of microwave power 36 via a cable 32 .
- a directional coupler or other wave-sampling mechanism 34 in combination with a power sensor and feedback circuit 38 can be used to monitor reflected power from the device during the procedure. If the amount of reflected power exceeds a threshold, power from the generator 36 can be reduced to minimize heating of the device 30 , while if the amount of reflected power is below a threshold, power can be increased to speed the procedure.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Numerical Control (AREA)
- Manipulator (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This application is a Continuation-In-Part of co-pending U.S. Non-Provisional Patent Applications entitled “Triaxial Antenna for Microwave Tissue Ablation” filed Apr. 29, 2004 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 10/834,802; “Segmented Catheter for Tissue Ablation” filed Sep. 28, 2005 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 11/237,136; “Cannula Cooling and Positioning Device” filed Sep. 28, 2005 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 11/237,430; “Air-Core Microwave Ablation Antennas” filed Sep. 28, 2005 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 11/236,985; and “Microwave Surgical Device” filed May 24, 2006 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 11/440,331; the entire disclosures of each and all of these applications are hereby herein incorporated by reference.
- This application further claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Applications entitled “Segmented Catheter for Tissue Ablation” filed May 10, 2005 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 60/679,722; “Microwave Surgical Device” filed May 24, 2005 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 60/684,065; “Microwave Tissue Resection Tool” filed Jun. 14, 2005 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 60/690,370; “Cannula Cooling and Positioning Device” filed Jul. 25, 2005 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 60/702,393; “Intralumenal Microwave Device” filed Aug. 12, 2005 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 60/707,797; “Air-Core Microwave Ablation Antennas” filed Aug. 22, 2005 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 60/710,276; and “Microwave Device for Vascular Ablation” filed Aug. 24, 2005 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 60/710,815; the entire disclosures of each and all of these applications are hereby herein incorporated by reference.
- This application is related to co-pending U.S. Non-Provisional Patent Applications entitled “Triaxial Antenna for Microwave Tissue Ablation” filed Apr. 29, 2004 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 10/834,802; “Segmented Catheter for Tissue Ablation” filed Sep. 28, 2005 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 11/237,136; “Cannula Cooling and Positioning Device” filed Sep. 28, 2005 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 11/237,430; “Air-Core Microwave Ablation Antennas” filed Sep. 28, 2005 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 11/236,985; and “Microwave Surgical Device” filed May 24, 2006 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 11/440,331; and to U.S. Provisional Patent Applications entitled “Segmented Catheter for Tissue Ablation” filed May 10, 2005 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 60/679,722; “Microwave Surgical Device” filed May 24, 2005 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 60/684,065; “Microwave Tissue Resection Tool” filed Jun. 14, 2005 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 60/690,370; “Cannula Cooling and Positioning Device” filed Jul. 25, 2005 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 60/702,393; “Intralumenal Microwave Device” filed Aug. 12, 2005 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 60/707,797; “Air-Core Microwave Ablation Antennas” filed Aug. 22, 2005 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 60/710,276; and “Microwave Device for Vascular Ablation” filed Aug. 24, 2005 and assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 60/710,815; the entire disclosures of each and all of these applications are hereby herein incorporated by reference.
- The present disclosure relates generally to medical instruments, and in particular to medical instruments in the field of tissue resection, coagulation, and hemostasis. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to a medical tool or device for resonant delivery of microwave power or energy to tissue for the purpose of resection and coagulation of vessels.
- Use of energy to ablate, resect or otherwise cause necrosis in diseased tissue has proven beneficial both to human and to animal health. Electrosurgery is a well-established technique to use electrical energy at DC or radio frequencies (i.e. less than 500 kHz) to simultaneously cut tissue and to coagulate small blood vessels. Radio-frequency (RF) ablation of tumor tissue was developed from the basis of electrosurgery, and has been used with varied success to coagulate blood vessels while creating zones of necrosis sufficient to kill tumor tissue with sufficient margin.
- Limitations of the above techniques center on the need for ground pads on the skin of the patient to provide a return path for the current, as well as the undesirable stimulation of the nervous system as cuts are being made; this usually requires injection of a temporary paralyzing agent. Limitations of tissue impedance, particularly as the tissue becomes desiccated or charred during the course of the procedure, limit the amount of current, and hence the amount of ablative power, that can be applied to the tissue. This in turn limits the size of vessels that can be effectively shut down.
- Thus current procedures are limited when applied to resection of tumors from highly-vascularized organs, e.g. liver. Furthermore, the limitations of current and power limit the speed at which these procedures can be performed. Accordingly, there is a need for a device which overcomes the problems and disadvantages associated with current procedures, and which is an improvement thereover. The present disclosure fulfills this need.
- The present disclosure relates to delivery of microwave (e.g. approximately 800 MHz and higher frequencies) power to tissue for the purpose of ablating tissue or resecting tissue with little or no loss of blood.
- The device enables delivery of large amounts of power (e.g. greater than 100 Watts) to tissue without the need for ground pads since it accomplishes an impedance match between tissue and the characteristic impedance of the waveguide that feeds power to it. This is accomplished in a hand-held format similar to many surgical tools. It can accept a variety of tips for different cutting and coagulation purposes. Furthermore, because of the impedance matching, reflected power from the tool is minimized. Reflected power can further be monitored at the generator or along the feed cable to use as feedback to the generator power control.
- Numerous other advantages and features of the disclosure will become readily apparent from the following detailed description, from the claims and from the accompanying drawings in which like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the same.
- A fuller understanding of the foregoing may be had by reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:
-
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, showing the arrangement of an impedance-matching sleeve and the tip. -
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure encapsulated in a ceramic or plastic housing. -
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram for a microwave power delivery and control system in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure. - While the invention is susceptible of embodiment in many different forms, there is shown in the drawings and will be described herein in detail one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood, however, that the present disclosure is to be considered an exemplification of the principles of the invention, and the embodiment(s) illustrated is/are not intended to limit the spirit and scope of the invention and/or the claims herein.
- With reference to the drawings, an example of the preferred embodiment of the energy delivery device or microwave tissue resection tool of the present disclosure is shown in
FIG. 1 . - As illustrated in
FIG. 1 , a semi-rigid coaxial cable, preferably constructed of copper or silver with a suitable low-loss dielectric, forms the basis of the device. The cable'scenter conductor 10 protrudes from theouter conductor 12 by a length L1, which is set to be a λ/4 (quarter-wavelength) at the frequency of excitation (e.g. 915 MHz, 2.45 GHz, or another suitable frequency) in the dielectric environment of the tissue of interest. The cable can be chosen from commercially-available standards, but it should be thick enough to be rated for the power delivered. - The coaxial cable is shrouded by a
dielectric sleeve 14 that provides both thermal and electrical insulation. Fitted against this sleeve is a conductive sleeve (e.g. made of copper or silver or another suitable conductor) whose length is set to be a λ/4 (quarter-wavelength) at the frequency of excitation (e.g. 915 MHz, 2.45 GHz, or another suitable frequency) in the dielectric environment of thedielectric sleeve 14 and the shroud 30 (FIG. 2 ). Thisconductive sleeve 16 contacts the outer conductor of thecoaxial cable 12 at apoint 18, where it is free to slide if necessary to fine-tune the impedance matching effect. It can then be fixed in place with adhesive or other suitable mechanism. - The protrusion of the coaxial cable's
center conductor 10 is shrouded by a non-stick material 20 (e.g. PTFE or Teflon) to minimize adhesion of the device to the tissue. Atip 22 at the distal end of the device can be specially formed to maximize the electric field emanating from it. For example, thetip 22 can be sharpened and optionally exposed directly to the tissue. - The device is connected to a feed cable at its
proximal end 26. This cable can be optionally connectorized, by attaching any suitable connector known in the art of connecting cable, to simplify exchange of the device. - As shown in
FIG. 2 , the device can be enshrouded in a suitable ceramic orplastic housing 30, which can contain cooling fluid (e.g. air, nitrogen, water, etc) and microwave absorbing material (e.g. polyiron) to minimize radiation from the tool to the extent necessary or desired. - As shown in
FIG. 3 , thedevice 30 can be used in a system by which it is connected to a source ofmicrowave power 36 via acable 32. A directional coupler or other wave-sampling mechanism 34 in combination with a power sensor andfeedback circuit 38 can be used to monitor reflected power from the device during the procedure. If the amount of reflected power exceeds a threshold, power from thegenerator 36 can be reduced to minimize heating of thedevice 30, while if the amount of reflected power is below a threshold, power can be increased to speed the procedure. - It is to be understood that the embodiment(s) herein described is/are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or scope of the claims which follow.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (13)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2006/023176 WO2006138382A2 (en) | 2005-06-14 | 2006-06-14 | Microwave tissue resection tool |
US11/452,637 US20070016181A1 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2006-06-14 | Microwave tissue resection tool |
PCT/US2006/028821 WO2007014208A2 (en) | 2005-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | Cannula cooling and positioning device |
US11/502,783 US20070055224A1 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2006-08-11 | Intralumenal microwave device |
PCT/US2006/031644 WO2007022088A2 (en) | 2005-08-12 | 2006-08-11 | Intralumenal microwave device |
PCT/US2006/032811 WO2007024878A1 (en) | 2005-08-22 | 2006-08-22 | Air-core microwave ablation antennas |
US11/509,123 US20070049918A1 (en) | 2005-08-24 | 2006-08-24 | Microwave device for vascular ablation |
PCT/US2006/033341 WO2007025198A2 (en) | 2005-08-24 | 2006-08-24 | Microwave device for vascular ablation |
EP06802385A EP1954207A4 (en) | 2005-08-24 | 2006-08-24 | Microwave device for vascular ablation |
US13/154,934 US20110238061A1 (en) | 2005-08-24 | 2011-06-07 | Microwave device for vascular ablation |
US13/563,050 US10342614B2 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2012-07-31 | Triaxial antenna for microwave tissue ablation |
US13/567,881 US9031699B2 (en) | 2005-09-28 | 2012-08-06 | Kinematic predictor for articulated mechanisms |
US15/211,161 US20170014185A1 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2016-07-15 | Triaxial antenna for microwave tissue ablation |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/834,802 US7101369B2 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2004-04-29 | Triaxial antenna for microwave tissue ablation |
US11/237,136 US7467015B2 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-09-28 | Segmented catheter for tissue ablation |
US11/237,430 US20060276781A1 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-09-28 | Cannula cooling and positioning device |
US11/236,985 US7244254B2 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-09-28 | Air-core microwave ablation antennas |
US11/440,331 US20070016180A1 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2006-05-24 | Microwave surgical device |
US11/452,637 US20070016181A1 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2006-06-14 | Microwave tissue resection tool |
Related Parent Applications (5)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/834,802 Continuation-In-Part US7101369B2 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2004-04-29 | Triaxial antenna for microwave tissue ablation |
US11/237,430 Continuation-In-Part US20060276781A1 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-09-28 | Cannula cooling and positioning device |
US11/237,136 Continuation-In-Part US7467015B2 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-09-28 | Segmented catheter for tissue ablation |
US11/236,985 Continuation-In-Part US7244254B2 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-09-28 | Air-core microwave ablation antennas |
US11/440,331 Continuation-In-Part US20070016180A1 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2006-05-24 | Microwave surgical device |
Related Child Applications (5)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/834,802 Continuation-In-Part US7101369B2 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2004-04-29 | Triaxial antenna for microwave tissue ablation |
US11/502,783 Continuation-In-Part US20070055224A1 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2006-08-11 | Intralumenal microwave device |
US11/509,123 Continuation-In-Part US20070049918A1 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2006-08-24 | Microwave device for vascular ablation |
US13/563,050 Continuation US10342614B2 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2012-07-31 | Triaxial antenna for microwave tissue ablation |
US13/567,881 Continuation US9031699B2 (en) | 2005-09-28 | 2012-08-06 | Kinematic predictor for articulated mechanisms |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20070016181A1 true US20070016181A1 (en) | 2007-01-18 |
Family
ID=37571106
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/452,637 Abandoned US20070016181A1 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2006-06-14 | Microwave tissue resection tool |
US13/563,050 Active 2025-05-27 US10342614B2 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2012-07-31 | Triaxial antenna for microwave tissue ablation |
US13/567,881 Active 2033-06-12 US9031699B2 (en) | 2005-09-28 | 2012-08-06 | Kinematic predictor for articulated mechanisms |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/563,050 Active 2025-05-27 US10342614B2 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2012-07-31 | Triaxial antenna for microwave tissue ablation |
US13/567,881 Active 2033-06-12 US9031699B2 (en) | 2005-09-28 | 2012-08-06 | Kinematic predictor for articulated mechanisms |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US20070016181A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006138382A2 (en) |
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Also Published As
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WO2006138382A2 (en) | 2006-12-28 |
US10342614B2 (en) | 2019-07-09 |
US20120316551A1 (en) | 2012-12-13 |
US20120303318A1 (en) | 2012-11-29 |
WO2006138382A3 (en) | 2007-02-22 |
US9031699B2 (en) | 2015-05-12 |
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