KR20090097052A - Sensor network and method for composition thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A sensor network and a constitution thereof for preventing the generation of overload in a specific area are provided to maintain a state of network and make uniform load of a sensor node without overload in a specific area. A first sensor node performs communication by supplying internal power. A second sensor node performs communications by supplying external power. A gateway(100) receives data from the second sensor node and transmits the data to a communication server. According to the second sensor node is the overload occurrence possibility and is arranged in much power source used amount location. The data are received from the first sensor node and transmits to the gateway.

Description

Sensor network and its configuration {SENSOR NETWORK AND METHOD FOR COMPOSITION THEREOF}

The present invention relates to a sensor network, and more particularly, to a sensor network and a method of constructing the sensor node to induce stable power consumption of a sensor node so as not to overload in a specific area of a network in a sensor network environment, and to maintain a smooth network state. .

In general, a sensor network is a concept that adds a network concept to a sensor to detect the existence and location of an object and manages and controls the network in real time, and is particularly attracting attention in relation to ubiquitous computing.

In ubiquitous computing, computers are ubiquitous in various objects, physical environments, and spaces in the real world, but users create an environment so that their appearance does not appear as computers, and all objects and objects are intelligent and connected to electronic space to provide information. It is a concept of creating a space for exchanging and exchanging information. It refers to a computing environment that is one step higher than the existing home networking mobile computing.

One possible implementation in this regard is a sensor network that attaches electronic tags to all objects (Ubiquitous), recognizes objects and environments (Sensor), and builds and utilizes real-time information through the network. Is to expand informatization from object to object and ultimately develop into a ubiquitous network by integrating with broadband (BcN).

Therefore, the sensor network initially acquires environmental information by sensing the object at the stage of identifying the object through the electronic tag, and establishes an ad hoc network through communication between the tags, It is evolving into a controlling phase.

To this end, research and development of various sensor nodes and sensor node networks including a sensor and a communication unit for recognizing various situations of the surroundings and data are being actively developed.

Referring to such a conventional sensor network, a conventional sensor network includes at least one sensor node and a gateway.

The sensor node is networked with at least one adjacent node to transmit and receive data with each other, and finally, the sensor node closest to the gateway transmits the collected data to the gateway through wired communication. A sensor network node composed of a plurality of sensor nodes may be classified into a base node that supplies data to a gateway and a neighbor node that transmits data to the base node. In this specification, the terms base node and neighbor node are used in the same sense. In addition, a typical sensor node uses a battery as an operating power source and forms a network in an ad-hoc manner.

Therefore, in the sensor network, the base node and neighboring neighbor nodes need to relay data from other neighboring neighbor nodes to the gateway, so that the amount of work to be processed is relatively higher than that of the neighboring neighbor nodes. In addition, the sensor node consumes the most power when operating according to data relay, compared to the power consumption according to the sensing operation.

This causes an imbalance in resource usage between the nodes, resulting in different power states of the respective sensor nodes.

Therefore, the sensor network manager performs battery replacement according to the battery replacement time of the sensor node that is discharged most quickly. At this time, the battery of other sensor nodes is also replaced in a batch, causing a lot of waste.

In addition, as the number of sensor nodes increases, the sensor network grows, and the data relay workload of the base node adjacent to the gateway or neighboring neighbor nodes is enormous, which shortens the time required to replace batteries in a batch, thereby further aggravating the energy waste problem. There is a problem.

Thus, when the server connected to the gateway monitors the power state of each sensor node and notifies the corresponding sensor node where the battery is discharged, a method of replacing the battery of the sensor node may be used.

However, this also has the problem of incurring the cost of establishing a system for monitoring and another cost of managing the system. In addition, when the sensor network manager replaces only the battery replacement node partly, there is a problem that the battery replacement cycle of the sensor nodes of all systems may be different, resulting in an inefficient power supply method.

In addition, the conventional sensor network transmits each data of neighboring nodes existing in the same data path to the next neighboring node sequentially and finally to the base node, resulting in complex data paths, load imbalance between sensor nodes, and There is a problem that time is delayed in collecting data from a neighbor node.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a sensor network and a method of configuring the sensor node to balance the load of the sensor node and to maintain a smooth network state so that an overload in a specific area does not occur in the sensor network environment. The purpose is to provide.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a sensor network and a method of configuring the same, which can extend the battery replacement time of a node using a battery by replacing a node having a high battery power with a node operated by an external power source.

Another object of the present invention is to arrange a node that can be operated by receiving external power at regular intervals, and to place a normal node using a battery in the node, so that the external power using node data from the surrounding battery using node The present invention provides a sensor network and a method of configuring the same, by receiving the signal and transmitting the same to another external power supply node, thereby extending the battery replacement time and simplifying the data path.

The sensor network according to an aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object is a sensor network in which a communication environment is set between sensor nodes having different power usage according to operation, a plurality of first to perform communication by receiving the internal power A sensor node; A plurality of second sensor nodes configured to communicate by receiving external power; And a gateway configured to receive data from the second sensor node and transmit the data to a communication server, wherein the second sensor node is provided at a node with high power consumption according to a possibility of overload, and performs a relay role between nodes. It receives the data from the sensor node and transmits to the gateway.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a sensor network comprising: a sensor network in which a communication environment is set between sensor nodes having different power usage according to operation, a sensor network configured to perform communication by receiving internal power; A plurality of second sensor nodes configured to communicate by receiving external power; A gateway for receiving data from the second sensor node and transmitting the data to a communication server, wherein the second sensor node is disposed between the first sensor nodes connected to perform a relay role, and the first sensor is connected between the second sensor nodes. And transmitting data received from the node.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a sensor network comprising: a sensor network in which a communication environment is set between sensor nodes having different power usage according to operation, a plurality of first sensor nodes configured to perform communication by receiving internal power; A plurality of second sensor nodes configured to communicate by receiving external power; And a gateway configured to receive data from the second sensor node and transmit the data to the communication server, shielding the connection between the first sensor nodes for each predetermined node, and placing the second sensor node at the shielded point. Transmitting data received from the first sensor node between the sensor nodes.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a method of constructing a sensor network includes a plurality of first sensor nodes configured to receive internal power and perform communication, a plurality of second sensor nodes configured to receive external power and perform communication; 2. A method of configuring a sensor network using a gateway for receiving data from a sensor node, comprising: disposing a first sensor node to perform a communication relay role between the first sensor nodes; And arranging the second sensor node in a node having high power usage according to a possibility of overload.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a method of constructing a sensor network includes a plurality of first sensor nodes that receive internal power and perform communication, a plurality of second sensor nodes that receive external power, and perform communication; 2. A method of configuring a sensor network using a gateway to receive data from a sensor node, comprising: placing the first sensor node to perform a relay role; And disposing the second sensor node between the first sensor nodes.

According to the above-mentioned problem solving means, the present invention allows the sensor node with a large amount of work among the sensor nodes operated by the battery power to be operated by an external power source, so that the battery can be replaced in accordance with the battery replacement time of the sensor node with a small amount of work. This can extend the timing of power supply replacement of the sensor network, thus enabling efficient use of energy.

In addition, by arranging a sensor node using an external power source in the middle of the battery powered sensor node, the data path is simplified and the data path is simplified while the sensor network extends the power replacement time.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail, focusing on the parts necessary to understand the operation and action according to the present invention.

In the following description specific details of the sensor network of the present invention and methods of construction thereof are shown to provide a more general understanding of the present invention, in which the present invention may be readily implemented without these specific details and also by their modifications. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Meanwhile, throughout this specification, the first sensor node will be used immediately to mean a node operated by an internal battery. In addition, the second sensor node will be used immediately, which means an external power using node that operates by receiving external power.

The gist of the present invention is to use a second sensor node having a relatively high workload.

Hereinafter, a sensor network and a configuration method thereof according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram of a sensor network according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the sensor network of the present invention includes a plurality of first sensor nodes 5-12, a plurality of second sensor nodes 1-4, and a gateway 100.

The first sensor nodes 5 to 12 receive an internal power source (for example, a battery) to form an Ad-hoc network with another adjacent first sensor node or a second sensor node to perform communication. That is, the first sensor nodes 5 to 10 transmit a data received from another first sensor node to another first sensor node or a second sensor node on a data transmission path, thereby performing a relay role.

The second sensor nodes 1 to 4 receive external power to communicate with the first sensor node or another second sensor node. Here, the second sensor nodes 1 to 4 are plug type nodes formed in a plug shape capable of receiving external power as operating power. Detailed description thereof will be described later. In addition, the second sensor nodes 1 to 4 may be disposed at a node point adjacent to the gateway 100 or at an overload possible area A depending on the possibility of overload.

The gateway 100 receives data from the second sensor node 1 directly connected to the gateway 100, and transmits the received data to the corresponding communication server.

The above description is a description of the data transmission aspect of the sensor network, and the first and second sensor nodes basically detect the surrounding situation through their own sensors and dataize the gateway to directly or through the other sensor nodes according to the placement relationship. Of course, it serves as a transmission.

2 is a configuration diagram of the second sensor node in FIG. 1.

As shown in FIG. 2, the second sensor nodes 1 to 4 of the present invention are plug-type sensor nodes capable of receiving external power, and include a wireless communication unit 21, a control unit 23, and a power supply unit. It consists of 25.

The wireless communication unit 21 handles the transmission and reception of data. The wireless communication unit 21 includes an RF transmitter for upconverting and amplifying a frequency of a transmitted signal, an RF receiver for low noise amplifying and downconverting a received signal, encoding and modulating a transmitted signal, and demodulating a received signal. It may consist of a codec for decoding.

The controller 23 performs routing on the sensor network to control data transmitted from the first sensor nodes 5 to 12 or other second sensor nodes to other first sensor nodes or the gateway 100.

The second sensor node may be directly connected to the gateway or may be arranged at regular intervals within the sensor network. The second sensor node directly connected to the gateway transmits the received data and the data sensed by the gateway to the gateway, The 2 sensor node delivers data received or detected by another second sensor node.

The power supply unit 25 receives external power and supplies the external power to the wireless communication unit 21 and the control unit 23.

In particular, the RF transmitter of the second sensor node is designed to have a higher RF output than the first sensor node.

Since a typical sensor node (eg, a first sensor node) is powered by an internal battery method, Ad minimizing RF output to reduce power consumption and relaying data to a final data target via another adjacent sensor node. -hoc Configure the network.

However, since the plug-type second sensor node is supplied with an external power source, there is no need to replace the battery, and thus, there is no restriction in increasing the RF output, and thus the second sensor node is configured to have a high RF output.

That is, the second sensor node of the plug type according to the present invention is configured to operate by an external power source and have a high RF output, thereby configuring a sensor network according to the characteristic configuration of the present invention. It demonstrates with reference to FIG.

3 is a flowchart illustrating a method of configuring a sensor network according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, first, a plurality of first sensor nodes 1 to 4 that operate on a battery are disposed (S310).

After that, check the overload generation possible node or the overload generation possible area (A) with high power usage (S320).

According to the check result, the second sensor nodes (1 to 4) that can be operated by an external power source is disposed on the overload possible node (S330).

Then, a stable power consumption is provided by a hybrid sensor network which directly supplies external power to the plug-type second sensor nodes 1 to 4 and uses batteries only for the first sensor nodes 5 to 12 having a low workload. It can lead to a drastic reduction in battery replacement cycles across the sensor network.

4 is a configuration diagram of a sensor network according to another embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4, the sensor network of the present invention includes a plurality of first sensor nodes 43-46, 49-52, a plurality of second sensor nodes 41, 42, 47, 48, and a gateway. It consists of 100.

The first sensor nodes 43 to 46 and 49 to 52 operate by receiving internal power, and wirelessly communicate with a plurality of adjacent first sensor nodes 43 to 46 and 49 to 52 to perform peripheral situation detection and data intermediation. Communication is connected.

The second sensor nodes 41, 42, 47, and 48 operate by being supplied with external power, and are arranged in every predetermined first sensor node 43 to 46, 49 to 52, and the first sensor nodes 43 to 46. 49 to 52). In addition, the second sensor nodes 42, 47, and 48 are disposed at appropriate points in the sensor network, and receive data from the first sensor node in communication with the second sensor node 41 directly connected to the gateway 100. Send the data.

The second sensor node 41 typically transmits the collected data to the gateway 100 by wire connection, and the gateway 100 transmits the received data to the communication server.

Looking at the overall configuration of the sensor network shown in FIG. 3, sensor nodes are grouped in predetermined units. For example, the first sensor nodes 49 and 51 form a group with the second sensor node 47, and the first sensor nodes 50 and 52 form a group with the second sensor node 48.

The first sensor nodes 49 and 51 of each group pass data to the second sensor node 47 in the same group, and the second sensor node 47 is directly connected to or adjacent to the gateway. 42) transmit the data collected in its group through the strong RF output.

In this case, data is transmitted and received between groups by an ad hoc network method, and the second sensor node stores information of another second sensor node and a data path table between the second sensor nodes in order to transmit data to another second sensor node. It may be desirable to have its own memory.

By taking the above-described configuration, the data transmission path in the sensor network according to the present invention can be simplified and shortened, and the data transmission delay time from the sensor node remote from the gateway can be shortened.

5 is a flowchart illustrating a method of configuring a sensor network according to another embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 5, first, a plurality of first sensor nodes 43 to 46 and 49 to 52 that operate as batteries are disposed (S510). In this case, communication with adjacent first sensor nodes may be shielded so that only a predetermined number of first sensor nodes can communicate.

Subsequently, in consideration of the communication environment, second sensor nodes 41, 42, 47, and 48 that operate with an external power source are disposed for each predetermined first sensor node (S520). Alternatively, the second sensor nodes 41, 42, 47, and 48 may be disposed at shielded points.

Then, as described above, since the plug-type second sensor nodes 1 to 4 receive data from the connected first sensor node and immediately transmit the data of the first sensor node received to another adjacent second sensor node, Simplify the data path.

Meanwhile, in the detailed description of the present invention, specific embodiments have been described, but various modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the described embodiments, but should be defined not only by the scope of the following claims, but also by those equivalent to the scope of the claims.

1 is a block diagram of a sensor network according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a second sensor node in FIG. 1. FIG.

3 is a flowchart illustrating a method of configuring a sensor network according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a block diagram of a sensor network according to another embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a flowchart illustrating a method of configuring a sensor network according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (11)

In a sensor network in which a communication environment is established between sensor nodes having different power usage depending on operation, At least one first sensor node receiving internal power to perform communication; A second sensor node that receives external power and performs communication; A gateway for receiving data from the second sensor node and transmitting the data to the communication server; The second sensor node is disposed at a location where power usage is high according to the possibility of overloading, and receives data from the first sensor node and transmits the data to the gateway. The method of claim 1, wherein the second sensor node, Sensor network, characterized in that the plug type node made of a plug shape that can receive the external power supply to the operating power. The method of claim 1, wherein the second sensor node, Wireless communication unit for transmitting and receiving data; A control unit controlling to transmit data received from the first sensor node or another second sensor node to a gateway; And Power supply unit for supplying the external power to the wireless communication unit and the control unit Sensor network comprising a. The sensor network of claim 1, wherein the second sensor node is located at a node point adjacent to the gateway or an overload possible area in a sensor network according to the possibility of the overload. In a sensor network in which a communication environment is established between sensor nodes having different power usage depending on operation, At least one first sensor node receiving internal power to perform communication; At least one second sensor node receiving external power to perform communication; A gateway for receiving data from the second sensor node and transmitting the data to the communication server; The one or more first sensor nodes form a group with one of the second sensor nodes, wherein the one or more first sensor nodes transmit data to a second sensor node in a group to which the one or more first sensor nodes belong. And transmit data to a second sensor node or the gateway of another group. In a sensor network in which a communication environment is established between sensor nodes having different power usage depending on operation, A plurality of first sensor nodes receiving internal power to perform communication; A plurality of second sensor nodes configured to communicate by receiving external power; A gateway for receiving data from the second sensor node and transmitting the data to the communication server; A sensor comprising: shielding a communication connection between the first sensor nodes for each node, and placing the second sensor node at the shielded point to transmit data received from the first sensor node between the second sensor nodes. network. The method of claim 5 or 6, wherein the second sensor node, Sensor network, characterized in that for performing the communication between the second sensor node using a hopping scheme. The method of claim 5 or 6, wherein the second sensor node, Sensor network, characterized in that arranged in consideration of the communication environment or the number of the first sensor node connected to the second sensor node. Sensor network using at least one first sensor node that receives internal power and performs communication, at least one second sensor node that receives external power and performs communication, and a gateway that receives data from the second sensor node. In the method of configuring, Disposing a first sensor node to perform a communication relay role between the first sensor nodes; Placing the second sensor node at a node having high power usage according to a possibility of overloading; And Grouping the second sensor node with one or more first sensor nodes Sensor network configuration method comprising a. The method of claim 9, wherein the grouping comprises: And configuring an ad-hoc network between the second sensor node and one or more adjacent first sensor nodes. The method of claim 10, The first sensor node in the group sending data to the second sensor node in the same group; And Transmitting, by the second sensor node, data collected from a group to which the second sensor node belongs to another second sensor node or the gateway; The sensor network configuration method further comprising.

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