KR102714217B1 - Filter For Water Treatment and Method of Manufacturing The Same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms and a method for manufacturing the same, comprising a filter layer provided with nanocellulose lyocell fibers, bamboo fibers, and an adsorbent, wherein the nanocellulose lyocell fibers are of two or more types having different freenesses and different average fiber lengths.

Description

Filter for water treatment capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms and its manufacturing method {Filter For Water Treatment and Method of Manufacturing The Same}

The present invention relates to a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms by providing an adsorbent for removing heavy metals in a biomass-based fibrous material, and a method for manufacturing the same.

Water treatment filters are used to remove various contaminants contained in water, and the main removal mechanism is that contaminants are removed by the sieve effect, in which substances larger than the pores of the filter do not pass through the filter, and substances smaller than the pores pass through the filter.

These water treatment filters are typically used in water treatment plants, sewage treatment plants, various industrial sites, and water purifiers used in offices and homes.

Filters can be broadly categorized into reverse osmosis membranes, nanofiltration membranes, ultrafiltration membranes, and precision filtration membranes. Ultrafiltration membranes and precision filtration membranes have relatively large pores, so they have excellent permeability, but it is difficult to remove very fine particles. Reverse osmosis membranes and nanofiltration membranes can remove even very small particles, but they have relatively low permeability and require high maintenance costs such as electricity and installation costs because water must be supplied at high pressure.

Meanwhile, conventional household water purification systems using reverse osmosis membranes or hollow fiber membranes are bulky because they require separate booster pumps and reservoirs due to their low water flow rates. Therefore, direct-type water purifiers equipped with wet non-woven fabric-based filters that can be miniaturized due to their low differential pressure during use are attracting attention.

However, wet non-woven fabric-based filters have a problem in that they have difficulty sufficiently removing various bacteria and heavy metal components because their pores are larger than those of reverse osmosis membranes or hollow fiber membranes.

Korean Patent Publication No. 2005-0126143 Korean Patent Publication No. 1470620 Korean Patent Publication No. 1962675 Korean Patent Publication No. 2233010

The present invention was developed to solve the above problems, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms, which can remove various heavy metal components and further reliably block microorganisms, and a method for manufacturing the same.

In addition, the present invention aims to provide a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms, having excellent tensile strength and high water permeability, and a method for manufacturing the same.

In order to solve such technical problems, a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms according to the present invention comprises a filter layer provided with nanocellulose lyocell fibers, bamboo fibers, and an adsorbent, characterized in that the nanocellulose lyocell fibers are of two or more types having different freenesses and average fiber lengths.

In addition, in the water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms according to the present invention, the adsorbent is characterized in that it is at least one of powdered activated carbon (PAC), activated carbon fiber (ACF), activated alumina, titanium silicate, zeolite, titanium dioxide, ferric oxide, zirconium hydroxide adsorbent, metal organic framework (MOF), and ion-exchange activated carbon.

In addition, in the water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms according to the present invention, the adsorbent is a zirconium hydroxide-based adsorbent, and the nanocellulose lyocell fibers, bamboo fibers, and the zirconium hydroxide-based adsorbent are in proportions of 40 to 60 parts by weight, 10 to 30 parts by weight, and 20 to 50 parts by weight, respectively.

In addition, in a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms according to the present invention, the adsorbent is a zirconium hydroxide-based adsorbent and powdered activated carbon (PAC), and the basis weight of the filter layer is 100 to 340 g/㎡.

In addition, the water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms according to the present invention is characterized by having a wet tensile strength of 8.0 kN/m or more, an initial water flow rate of 1.5 L/min or more, an E. coli removal rate of 99.99% or more, a particle removal rate of 99.9%, and a removal rate of three or more types of heavy metal ions in water of 90% or more.

In addition, in a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms according to the present invention, a first binder layer, an adsorbent layer, a second binder layer, and a first support layer are sequentially laminated on the upper portion of the filter layer, and a third binder layer and a second support layer are sequentially laminated on the lower portion of the filter layer.

In addition, in the water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms according to the present invention, the adsorbent of the filter layer is a zirconium hydroxide-based adsorbent, and the adsorbent of the adsorbent layer is characterized in that it is at least one of granular activated carbon (GAC), activated alumina, titanium silicate, zeolite, titanium dioxide, ferric oxide, zirconium hydroxide, metal organic framework (MOF), and ion-exchange activated carbon.

In addition, in the water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms according to the present invention, the adsorbent of the filter layer further includes powdered activated carbon (PAC), and the basis weight of the filter layer is 110 to 130 g/㎡.

In addition, in the water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms according to the present invention, the basis weight of the adsorbent layer is 20 to 100 g/㎡, and the basis weight of the filter is 230 to 300 g/㎡.

In addition, in the water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms according to the present invention, the basis weights of the first support layer, the second binder layer, the adsorbent layer, the first binder layer, the third binder layer, and the second support layer are 35 to 50 g/m2, 5.0 to 6.0 g/m2, 20 to 100 g/m2, 3.0 to 4.0 g/m2, 1.0 to 2.0 g/m2, and 35 to 50 g/m2, respectively.

In addition, in a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms according to the present invention, a first binder layer containing an adsorbent and a first support layer are sequentially laminated on the upper portion of the filter layer, and a second binder layer and a second support layer are sequentially laminated on the lower portion of the filter layer.

In addition, in the water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms according to the present invention, the adsorbent of the filter layer is a zirconium hydroxide-based adsorbent, and the adsorbent of the adsorbent layer is characterized in that it is at least one of granular activated carbon (GAC), activated alumina, titanium silicate, zeolite, titanium dioxide, ferric oxide, zirconium hydroxide, metal organic framework (MOF), and ion-exchange activated carbon.

In addition, in the water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms according to the present invention, the adsorbent of the filter layer further includes powdered activated carbon (PAC), and the basis weight of the filter layer is 110 to 130 g/㎡.

In addition, in the water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms according to the present invention, the basis weight of the adsorbent layer is 20 to 100 g/㎡, and the basis weight of the filter is 230 to 300 g/㎡.

In addition, a method for manufacturing a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms according to the present invention comprises: a first step of preparing a first mixture by mixing a wetting agent and water; a second step of preparing a second mixture by mixing nanocellulose lyocell fibers and bamboo fibers with the first mixture; a third step of preparing a third mixture by mixing an adsorbent with the second mixture; a fourth step of preparing a fourth mixture by mixing water and binder fibers; a fifth step of preparing a fifth mixture by mixing the third mixture and the fourth mixture; a sixth step of preparing a diluted raw material mixture by mixing white water with the fifth mixture; And a seventh step of laminating the raw material mixture on a wire mesh, dehydrating and drying it, and manufacturing a filter layer; wherein the fourth step is performed simultaneously with or before the first to third steps, or between the third and fifth steps, and the nanocellulose lyocell fibers in the second step are of two or more types having different freenesses and average fiber lengths, and the adsorbent in the third step is at least one of powdered activated carbon (PAC), activated carbon fiber (ACF), activated alumina, titanium silicate, zeolite, titanium dioxide, ferric oxide, zirconium hydroxide, metal organic framework (MOF), and ion-exchange activated carbon.

In addition, in the method for manufacturing a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms according to the present invention, the adsorbent in the third step is a zirconium hydroxide-based adsorbent and powdered activated carbon (PAC), and the nanocellulose lyocell fibers, bamboo fibers, and the adsorbent are in proportions of 40 to 60 parts by weight, 10 to 30 parts by weight, and 20 to 50 parts by weight.

In addition, in a method for manufacturing a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms according to the present invention, the method comprises: an 8th step of forming a first binder layer by spraying a first binder on the upper surface of the filter layer; a 9th step of forming an adsorbent layer by spraying an adsorbent on the upper surface of the first binder layer; a 10th step of forming a second binder layer by spraying a second binder on the upper surface of the adsorbent layer; and an 11th step of laminating a first support layer on the upper surface of the second binder layer and a second support layer on the lower surface of the filter layer.

In addition, in the method for manufacturing a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms according to the present invention, the adsorbent in the 9th step is characterized by being at least one of ion exchange activated carbon, granular activated carbon, activated alumina-based adsorbent, titanium silicate-based adsorbent, zeolite-based adsorbent, and ferric oxide-based adsorbent.

In addition, in the method for manufacturing a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms according to the present invention, the basis weights of the first support layer, the second binder layer, the adsorbent layer, the first binder layer, the filter layer, and the second support layer are characterized in that they are 35 to 50 g/m2, 5.0 to 6.0 g/m2, 20 to 100 g/m2, 3.0 to 4.0 g/m2, 110 to 130 g/m2, and 35 to 50 g/m2, respectively.

According to the water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms and the manufacturing method thereof of the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration, since it contains two types of nanocellulose lyocell fibers and an adsorbent, it has the advantage of not only having an excellent removal ability for various heavy metal components, but also being able to completely and reliably block microorganisms.

In addition, according to the water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms of the present invention and the manufacturing method thereof, since the tensile strength is excellent, not only is the occurrence of breakage suppressed during the manufacturing process, but physical damage such as tearing or deformation during use can be minimized, so that stable use is possible, which is advantageous.

Figure 1 is a flow chart for explaining a method for manufacturing a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to preferred embodiments and drawings of the present invention. However, this is intended to describe in detail enough to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains to easily carry out the present invention, and does not mean that the technical idea and scope of the present invention are limited thereby.

In addition, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms defined in commonly used dictionaries, such as those defined in common dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning they have in the context of the relevant art, and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense, unless explicitly defined in this application.

Below, a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms and a method for manufacturing the same are described in detail.

The water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms of the present invention may have a structure in which a filter layer, a first binder layer on top of the filter layer, an adsorbent layer on top of the first binder layer, a second binder layer on top of the adsorbent layer, and a first support layer are sequentially laminated, and a third binder layer and a second support layer are sequentially laminated below the filter layer.

In addition, in the water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms of the present invention, the boundaries among the first binder layer, the adsorbent layer, and the second binder layer are not clear, and the hot melt constituting the first binder layer and/or the second binder layer may have a structure in which the hot melt passes through the adsorbent layer, i.e., a structure in which a portion of the first binder layer, the adsorbent layer, and the second binder layer are mixed.

First, the filter layer is composed of bamboo fibers, nanocellulose lyocell fibers, an adsorbent, a binder fiber, and a wettability enhancer.

Bamboo fibers maintain and complement the shape of the filter layer, and the filter layer's natural antibacterial and bacteriostatic functions can be expected. In order for the dehydration property to not be reduced, it is good to have a Canadian standard freeness of 540 to 580 mL, a diameter of 15 to 30 ㎛, and a length of 1 to 3 mm without being refined. If the above ranges are exceeded, there is a problem of reduced liquid permeability and tensile strength, so the above ranges are preferable.

In order to easily control the pore distribution or pore structure of the filter layer, it is preferable that there are two or more types of nanocellulose lyocell fibers, and it is more preferable that the first nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-1) has an average diameter of 15 to 20 ㎛, an average length of 0.5 to 1.0 mm, and a Canadian standard freeness of 30 to 60 mL, and the second nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-2) has an average diameter of 20 to 25 ㎛, an average length of 0.8 to 1.2 mm, and a Canadian standard freeness of 90 to 130 mL CSF.

The adsorbent is for adsorbing and removing heavy metal substances, such as iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and cadmium (Cd), and preferably includes one type of powdered activated carbon (PAC), activated carbon fiber (ACF), activated alumina, titanium silicate, zeolite, titanium dioxide, ferric oxide, zirconium hydroxide, metal organic framework (MOF), and ion-exchange activated carbon, and more preferably includes two or more types to improve the adsorption and removal rate of heavy metal substances.

The binder fiber may be poly(ethylene terephthalate) copolyester to improve mechanical strength by binding together bamboo fibers, nanocellulose lyocell fibers, and an adsorbent.

The wet strength enhancer is a component for increasing strength, and examples thereof include, but are not necessarily limited to, N'-(2-aminoethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine, 2-(chloromethyl)oxirane, and hexanedioic acid resin.

In addition, the filter layer of the present invention may further include at least one of a positive charge additive, a dispersant, a degassing agent, and a softening agent.

The mixing ratio of the aforementioned bamboo fibers, nanocellulose lyocell fibers, adsorbent, binder fibers, and wet strength enhancer is preferably 10 to 30 parts by weight: 40 to 60 parts by weight: 20 to 50 parts by weight: 5 to 15 parts by weight: 1 to 10 parts by weight.

The filter layer of the present invention having the above-described configuration has an average pore size of 1 ㎛ or less, a wet tensile strength of 1.0 kN/m or more, an initial water flow rate of 1.5 L/min or more, and a performance of an E. coli removal rate of 99.99% or more, a particle removal rate of 99.9% or more, and a removal rate of three or more heavy metal components of 90% or more.

Continuing, the binder constituting the first binder layer and the second binder layer for bonding the first support layer, the adsorbent layer, and the filter layer may be a poly-olefin-based hot melt, and the binder constituting the third binder layer for bonding the second support layer and the filter layer may be the same poly-olefin-based hot melt.

Here, it is preferable to spray hot melt so that the second binder layer has a basis weight of 5.0 to 6.0 g/㎡, and the first binder layer has a basis weight of 3.0 to 4.0 g/㎡.

Additionally, the third binder layer can be sprayed with hot melt so that the basis weight is in the range of 1.0 to 2.0 g/㎡.

Meanwhile, the adsorbent layer positioned on one side of the filter layer, that is, between the filter layer and the first support layer, is configured to improve the removal efficiency of heavy metal components, and may be composed of at least one of granular activated carbon (GAC), activated alumina, titanium silicate, zeolite, titanium dioxide, ferric oxide, zirconium hydroxide adsorbents, metal organic frameworks (MOFs), and ion-exchange activated carbon.

At this time, the adsorbent layer can be applied with an adsorbent so that the basis weight is in the range of 20 to 100 g/㎡.

The filter of the present invention having the above-described configuration has a wet tensile strength of 8.0 kN/m or more and an initial water flow rate of 1.5 L/min or more, and has a performance of an E. coli removal rate of 99.99% or more, a particle removal rate of 99.9% or more, and a removal rate of four or more heavy metal components of 100%.

Next, a method for manufacturing a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms according to the present invention will be described. Fig. 1 is a flow chart for explaining a method for manufacturing a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The specific types of each material, such as nanocellulose lyocell fibers, bamboo fibers, adsorbents, binders, and wet strength enhancers, are the same as those described above, so redundant descriptions will be omitted.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, the method for manufacturing a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms of the present invention comprises: a first step of preparing a first mixture by mixing a wetting strength enhancer and water; a second step of preparing a second mixture by mixing nanocellulose lyocell fibers and bamboo fibers into the first mixture; a third step of preparing a third mixture by mixing an adsorbent into the second mixture; a fourth step of preparing a fourth mixture by mixing water and binder fibers; a fifth step of preparing a fifth mixture by mixing the third mixture and the fourth mixture; a sixth step of preparing a diluted raw material mixture by mixing white water into the fifth mixture; a seventh step of laminating the raw material mixture on a wire mesh and dehydrating and drying it to manufacture a filter layer; an eighth step of forming a first binder layer by spraying a first binder on the upper surface of the filter layer; a ninth step of forming an adsorbent layer by spraying an adsorbent on the first binder layer; a tenth step of forming a second binder layer by spraying a second binder on the upper surface of the adsorbent layer; And it comprises an 11th step of laminating a first support layer on top of the second binder layer, while laminating a second support layer on the bottom of the filter layer.

In the first step of preparing the first mixture, a wetting agent is added to water, which is a solvent, and stirred.

Here, the wetting strength enhancer can be mixed in a ratio of 1 to 10 parts by weight per 10,000 parts by weight of water.

The second step of preparing the second mixture is to add nanocellulose lyocell fibers and bamboo fibers in a ratio of 40 to 60 parts by weight and 10 to 30 parts by weight, respectively, to the prepared first mixture and stir at 600 to 900 rpm for 3 to 8 minutes.

The third step of preparing the third mixture is to add 20 to 50 parts by weight of the adsorbent to the prepared second mixture and then stir again at 600 to 900 rpm for 3 to 8 minutes.

The fourth step of preparing the fourth mixture is to mix 5 to 15 parts by weight of binder fiber to 10,000 parts by weight of water as a solvent and then stir.

The fifth step of preparing the fifth mixture is the step of mixing the prepared third mixture and the fourth mixture.

The sixth step of preparing the raw material mixture is the step of preparing a diluted raw material mixture by mixing 9 to 11 parts by weight of white water to 1 part by weight of the fifth mixture.

In the seventh step of manufacturing the filter layer, the dehydration step and the drying step are performed sequentially. In the dehydration step, the first vacuum is applied to the diluted raw material mixture at the moment it is laminated on the mesh belt to dehydrate it, and then a second vacuum is additionally applied to perform the dehydration process.

In the first vacuum dehydration process, vacuum pressure is applied in four stages. In the first stage, vacuum pressure is applied in the range of 0 to 10 cmHg, in the second stage, vacuum pressure is applied in the range of 10 to 30 cmHg, in the third stage, vacuum pressure is applied in the range of 30 to 50 cmHg, and in the fourth stage, vacuum pressure is applied in the range of 40 to 65 cmHg. In this process, dehydration induces bonding between fibers, which is ultimately formed into a porous filter layer.

In the secondary vacuum dehydration process, a vacuum pressure of approximately 18 to 22 cmHg is applied while pressurizing with a wire mesh belt to remove residual moisture and at the same time to make the bond between fibers more dense. In particular, when pressurizing with a wire mesh belt, the surface uniformity of the filter layer is improved.

The drying step is a step for completely removing residual moisture, and is achieved by sequentially passing through a hot air dryer and a drum dryer. Specifically, the first drying is performed in a hot air dryer operated at 100 to 170°C, more preferably 130 to 150°C, followed by a second drying at 150 to 200°C, and a third drying at 150 to 180°C, which are sequentially performed, thereby obtaining a filter layer.

In the 8th step of forming a first binder layer by spraying a first binder on the upper surface of the filter layer, a polyolefin hot melt is heated to melt and sprayed onto the upper surface of the filter layer together with hot air heated to a high temperature. Here, it is preferable that the binder be sprayed so that the basis weight is in the range of 3.0 to 4.0 g/㎡.

In the ninth step of forming an adsorbent layer by spraying an adsorbent on top of the first binder layer, an adsorbent for forming the adsorbent layer is sprayed on top of the first binder layer. At this time, it is preferable that the amount of adsorbent sprayed be such that the basis weight is in the range of 20 to 100 g/㎡.

The 10th step of forming a second binder layer by spraying a second binder on top of the adsorbent layer is the same as the method of forming the first binder layer by spraying the second binder together with hot air onto the upper surface of the adsorbent layer. Here, it is preferable that the amount of the second binder be sprayed so that the basis weight is in the range of 5.0 to 6.0 g/㎡.

In the 11th step, a pair of support layers are laminated, in which a first support layer is laminated on top of a second binder layer, and a second support layer is laminated on the bottom of a filter layer.

Here, a third binder layer is applied to the inner surface of the second support layer, that is, the surface facing the lower surface of the filter layer, and at this time, the third binder layer has a basis weight in the range of 1.0 to 2.0 g/㎡.

Afterwards, the filter layer, the adsorbent layer, and a pair of support layers are passed through a pressure roll so that they can be well combined, thereby finally manufacturing a filter with a multilayer structure.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by examples and experimental examples. However, the following examples and experimental examples are only intended to illustrate the present invention, and the content of the present invention is not limited to the following examples and experimental examples.

<Example>

Example 1

0.5 kg of N'-(2-aminoethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine, 2-(chloromethyl)oxirane, hexanedioic acid resin (trade name: Kymene™) as a wet strength enhancer was added to 1,000 L of water heated to 30°C and stirred (first mixture), and then 2.75 kg of nanocellulose lyocell fibers (NCF-1) with an average diameter of 15 to 20 μm, an average length of 0.5 to 1.0 mm, and a Canadian standard freeness of 50 mL CSF, 2.75 kg of nanocellulose lyocell fibers (NCF-2) with an average diameter of 20 to 25 μm, an average length of 0.8 to 1.2 mm, and a Canadian standard freeness of 120 mL CSF, and 1.0 kg of bamboo fibers with an average diameter of 18 to 25 μm and an average length of 1 to 2 mm were additionally added and stirred at 750 rpm for 5 minutes (second mixture). Afterwards, 3 kg of zirconium hydroxide adsorbent (product name, OMNISORB™) was added and stirred again at 750 rpm for 5 minutes (third mixture).

Separately, 0.5 kg of binder fiber (poly(ethylene terephthalate)-co-polyester)) was added to 1,000 L of water heated to 30℃ and stirred at 750 rpm for 10 minutes (4th mixture).

The manufactured third mixture and the manufactured fourth mixture were mixed and stirred in a tank to prepare a fifth mixture, and then white water was mixed in a ratio of 10 parts by weight to 1 part by weight of the fifth mixture, and the raw material mixture for manufacturing a filter layer was laminated using an ultrafine mesh belt.

At this time, the dry standard weight was adjusted to 120 g/㎡.

In addition, at the moment when the raw material mixture was laminated on the ultra-fine mesh belt, the first stage of natural dehydration was performed at a vacuum pressure of 0 cmHg, followed by the first stage of dehydration at a vacuum pressure of 10 cmHg in the second stage, a vacuum pressure of 30 cmHg in the third stage, and a vacuum pressure of 50 cmHg in the fourth stage.

After the first dehydration, the surface was processed to be uniform while removing residual moisture by applying pressure with the upper wire mesh belt along with the second dehydration at a vacuum pressure of 20 cmHg.

Finally, the residual moisture was removed by primary drying in a hot air dryer operating at 130 to 150°C, secondary drying at 150 to 200°C, and tertiary drying at 150 to 180°C, and then the filter layer for water treatment was manufactured by winding it into a roll shape.

Example 2

A water treatment filter layer was manufactured under the same conditions as Example 1, except that the amount of nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-1) was changed to 2.25 kg, nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-2) was changed to 2.25 kg, and bamboo fiber was changed to 2.0 kg.

Example 3

A filter layer for water treatment was manufactured under the same conditions as Example 1, except that the amount of nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-1) was changed to 1.75 kg, nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-2) was changed to 1.75 kg, and bamboo fiber was changed to 3.0 kg.

Example 4

A water treatment filter layer was manufactured under the same conditions as Example 1, except that the amount of nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-1) 3.25 kg, nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-2) 3.25 kg, and adsorbent 2.0 kg were changed.

Example 5

A water treatment filter layer was manufactured under the same conditions as Example 1, except that the amount of nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-1) was changed to 2.25 kg, nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-2) was changed to 2.25 kg, and the amount of adsorbent was changed to 4.0 kg.

Example 6

A water treatment filter layer was manufactured under the same conditions as Example 1, except that the amount of nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-1) was changed to 1.75 kg, nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-2) was changed to 1.75 kg, and the amount of adsorbent was changed to 5.0 kg.

Example 7

A water treatment filter layer was manufactured under the same conditions as Example 1, except that the amount of nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-1) was changed to 1.75 kg, nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-2) was changed to 1.75 kg, and the amount of zirconium hydroxide-based adsorbent (product name, OMINSORB)™ was changed to 2 kg and powdered activated carbon was changed to 3.0 kg as the adsorbent.

Example 8

A water treatment filter layer was manufactured under the same conditions as Example 7, except that the basis weight was changed to 230 g/㎡.

Example 9

A water treatment filter layer was manufactured under the same conditions as Example 7, except that the basis weight was changed to 320 g/㎡.

<Comparative example>

Comparative Example 1

A water treatment filter layer was manufactured under the same conditions as Example 1, except that the amount of nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-1) was changed to 1.25 kg, nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-2) was changed to 1.25 kg, and bamboo fiber was changed to 4.0 kg.

Comparative Example 2

A water treatment filter layer was manufactured under the same conditions as Example 1, except that the amount of nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-1) 0.75 kg, nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-2) 0.75 kg, and bamboo fiber 5.0 kg was changed.

Comparative Example 3

A water treatment filter layer was manufactured under the same conditions as Example 1, except that bamboo fiber was not added and 3.25 kg of nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-1) and 3.25 kg of nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-2) were used.

Comparative Example 4

A water treatment filter layer was manufactured under the same conditions as Example 1, except that the nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-1) and nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-2) were not added, while changing the amount of bamboo fiber to 6.5 kg.

Comparative Example 5

A filter layer for water treatment was manufactured under the same conditions as Example 1, except that 3.75 kg of nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-1), 3.75 kg of nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-2), and 1.0 kg of adsorbent were changed.

Comparative Example 6

A filter layer for water treatment was manufactured under the same conditions as Example 1, except that the amount of nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-1) was changed to 1.25 kg, nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-2) was changed to 1.25 kg, and the amount of adsorbent was changed to 6.0 kg.

Comparative Example 7

A water treatment filter layer was manufactured under the same conditions as Example 1, except that no adsorbent was added and the amount of nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-1) and nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-2) was changed to 4.25 kg.

Comparative Example 8

A water treatment filter layer was manufactured under the same conditions as Example 1, except that the amount of nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-1) was 3.25 kg, the amount of nanocellulose lyocell fiber (NCF-2) was 3.25 kg, the amount of adsorbent was 2 kg, and the basis weight was changed to 230 g/㎡.

Comparative Example 9

A water treatment filter layer was manufactured under the same conditions as Comparative Example 8, except that the basis weight was changed to 320 g/㎡.

　 Water (L) unemployed
(L) NCF-1
(kg) NCF-2
(kg) bamboo
fiber
(kg) bookbinder
fiber
(kg) Adsorbent-1
(kg) Adsorbent-2
(kg) Wet
intellect
Augmenter
(kg) Example 1 2,000 20,000 2.75 2.75 1.0 0.5 3 - 0.5 Example 2 2,000 20,000 2.25 2.25 2.0 0.5 3 - 0.5 Example 3 2,000 20,000 1.75 1.75 3.0 0.5 3 - 0.5 Example 4 2,000 20,000 3.25 3.25 1.0 0.5 2 - 0.5 Example 5 2,000 20,000 2.25 2.25 1.0 0.5 4 - 0.5 Example 6 2,000 20,000 1.75 1.75 1.0 0.5 5 - 0.5 Example 7 2,000 20,000 1.75 1.75 1.0 0.5 2 3.0 0.5 Example 8 2,000 20,000 1.75 1.75 1.0 0.5 2 3.0 0.5 Example 9 2,000 20,000 1.75 1.75 1.0 0.5 2 3.0 0.5 Comparative Example 1 2,000 20,000 1.25 1.25 4.0 0.5 3 - 0.5 Comparative Example 2 2,000 20,000 0.75 0.75 5.0 0.5 3 - 0.5 Comparative Example 3 2,000 20,000 3.25 3.25 0 0.5 3 - 0.5 Comparative Example 4 2,000 20,000 0 0 6.5 0.5 3 - 0.5 Comparative Example 5 2,000 20,000 3.75 3.75 1.0 0.5 1 - 0.5 Comparative Example 6 2,000 20,000 1.25 1.25 1.0 0.5 6 - 0.5 Comparative Example 7 2,000 20,000 4.25 4.25 1.0 0.5 - - 0.5 Comparative Example 8 2,000 20,000 3.25 3.25 1.0 0.5 2 - 0.5 Comparative Example 9 2,000 20,000 3.25 3.25 1.0 0.5 2 - 0.5

* Adsorbent-1 is a zirconium hydroxide-based adsorbent (product name, OMINSORB), and adsorbent-2 is powdered activated carbon.

<Experimental Example 1>

The physical properties, water passage, antibacterial test, and metal ion removal performance of the water treatment filter layers manufactured in Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9 were measured, and the results are shown in Tables 2 and 3.

The basis weight was measured by collecting at least 10 samples of 100㎠ in accordance with the TAPPI T 410 standard, measuring the weight of each, calculating the average value, and then correcting this (correction value × 100) to measure the basis weight.

The thickness of the nonwoven fabric was measured using a thickness measuring device according to the TAPPI T 411 standard, and the wet tensile strength was measured according to the ISO 3781 standard.

The average porosity was measured 10 times for each sample using a PMI Capillary Flow Porometer based on the ASTM F316 test method, and was calculated as the average of the average porosity values.

For the initial water flow rate test, the test was conducted using a water flow facility set to 2 L/min and 1.5 bar static pressure conditions. The manufactured filter was attached to the water outlet, and the flow rate displayed on the flow meter after 5 minutes of water flow was defined as the initial water flow rate. The average of 5 measurements for each condition was used.

In the E. coli test, the test influent was prepared so that the cultured E. coli (Escherichia coli, ATCC 15597) in the dechlorinated test water was greater than 10 ⁴ CFU/mL. Then, a filter was attached to the outlet of the pump, and the effluent was collected at the 100 L passage point under the water pressure condition of 1 to 2 kgf/㎠, and the E. coli colonies were counted using the Pour Plate Method, and the removal efficiency was calculated using the following calculation formula.

Particle removal was performed by adding 500 L of ultrapure water so that the particulate matter (GC8000) was 2 ppm and stirring the water sufficiently using a stirrer. After attaching a filter to the outlet of the pump, water was passed for 10 minutes under the water pressure condition of 1 to 2 kgf/㎠, and the effluent was collected 4 times at 5-minute intervals (total 20 minutes). The number of 1㎛ particles was measured in the influent and the collected effluent using a particle counting device, and the removal efficiency was calculated using the following formula.

In order to evaluate the heavy metal ion removal performance of the filter, influent containing heavy metal ions was prepared in accordance with the Domestic Water Purifier Standards and Inspection Agency Designation Notice (Ministry of Environment Notice No. 2021-157, August 3, 2021). At this time, the concentration of each heavy metal ion is 0.9 mg/L iron, 0.9 mg/L aluminum, 0.5 mg/L lead, 0.05 mg/L mercury, and 0.05 mg/L cadmium. After that, the filter was attached to the outlet of the pump, and the effluent was collected at the point of passage of 100 L under the water pressure condition of 1 kgf/㎠, and the heavy metal ion concentrations in the influent and effluent were measured using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The removal efficiency was then calculated using the following formula.

Weight (g/㎡) Thickness (mm) Average pore size (㎛) Wet tensile strength (kN/m) Initial flow rate (L/min) Example 1 120 0.68 0.65 1.24 1.72 Example 2 120 0.67 0.73 2.42 1.73 Example 3 120 0.67 0.88 2.89 1.75 Example 4 120 0.68 0.62 1.70 1.71 Example 5 120 0.67 0.76 1.10 1.73 Example 6 120 0.67 0.88 1.04 1.74 Example 7 120 0.65 0.87 1.07 1.74 Example 8 230 0.82 0.66 1.86 1.70 Example 9 320 1.11 0.51 2.42 1.68 Comparative Example 1 120 0.65 1.42 3.51 1.76 Comparative Example 2 120 0.63 1.83 3.89 1.78 Comparative Example 3 120 0.69 0.32 0.89 1.55 Comparative Example 4 120 0.62 4.79 4.24 1.92 Comparative Example 5 120 0.70 0.58 1.81 1.71 Comparative Example 6 120 0.65 1.03 0.88 1.82 Comparative Example 7 120 0.71 0.38 2.01 1.58 Comparative Example 8 230 0.87 0.54 2.52 1.71 Comparative Example 9 320 1.15 0.48 3.11 1.69

E. coli removal
(%) Particle removal
(%) Fe
(%) Al
(%) Pb
(%) Hg
(%) CD
(%) Example 1 99.99 99.9 100 98.3 92.8 52.3 23.4 Example 2 99.99 99.9 100 97.3 93.2 53.4 22.7 Example 3 99.99 99.9 100 94.4 90.3 50.6 22.5 Example 4 99.99 99.9 100 98 90.8 39.4 18.6 Example 5 99.99 99.9 100 100 98.2 58.1 32.1 Example 6 99.99 99.9 100 100 100 57.8 34.2 Example 7 99.99 99.9 100 100 100 90.1 45.5 Example 8 99.99 99.9 100 100 100 95.2 48.2 Example 9 99.99 99.9 100 100 100 100 52.4 Comparative Example 1 99.01 99.1 89.3 88.5 78.8 41.1 22.3 Comparative Example 2 95.27 93.3 85.4 80.1 64.3 38.3 18.5 Comparative Example 3 99.99 99.9 100 98.2 93.7 54.5 24.6 Comparative Example 4 88.41 89.5 64.3 68.2 54.4 20.3 13.4 Comparative Example 5 99.99 99.9 100 76.1 83.1 32.3 11.3 Comparative Example 6 98.21 99.7 100 100 93.4 48.1 36.1 Comparative Example 7 99.99 99.9 89.2 83.1 18.2 8.2 2.7 Comparative Example 8 99.99 99.9 100 99.9 95.8 54.7 23.8 Comparative Example 9 99.99 99.9 100 100 100 54.9 21.4

As summarized in Table 2, in the case of a filter layer having a basis weight of 120 g/㎡ manufactured by the manufacturing method of Examples 1 to 7 of the present invention, it can be seen that the thickness is 0.68 mm or less and the average pores are 0.88 ㎛ or less, the wet tensile strength is 1.0 kN/m or more, and the initial water flow rate is 1.70 L/min or more.

On the other hand, in the case of the filter layers manufactured by the manufacturing methods of Comparative Examples 1, 2, 4, and 6, the average pore size exceeds 1 ㎛, and in the case of the filter layers manufactured by the manufacturing methods of Comparative Examples 3 and 6, the wet tensile strength is less than 1 kN/m, so they are easily physically damaged during use.

Also, as summarized in Table 3, in the case of the filter layer manufactured by the manufacturing method of Examples 1 to 9 of the present invention, 99.99% of E. coli was removed, 99.9% of particles were removed, and among the five types of heavy metals, more than 90% of iron, aluminum, and lead were removed.

On the other hand, except for the filter layers manufactured by the manufacturing methods of Comparative Examples 3 and 6 having a wet tensile strength of less than 1 kN/m, it can be seen that the removal rate of E. coli is less than 99.99%, the particle removal rate is less than 99.9%, or the removal rate of any one or more of iron, aluminum, and lead is less than 90%.

In particular, in the case of Example 7, in which two types of adsorbents were added, the removal rates for iron, aluminum, and lead were 100%, and the removal rates for mercury and cadmium were 90.1% and 45.5%, respectively, showing the best results.

Example 10

A filter for water treatment was manufactured using the filter layer manufactured according to Example 7.

The first binder, polyolefin hot melt, and hot air were sprayed together on the upper surface of the filter layer, and the application amount of the first binder was adjusted to 3.5 g per m2.

Afterwards, ion-exchange activated carbon with an average particle size of 162 μm was scattered using a Brush Bullet type scatterer to form an adsorbent layer at approximately 40 g per m2, and a second binder, poly-olefin hot melt, and hot air were sprayed together on the adsorbent layer to adjust the second binder to 5.5 g per m2.

Then, the first support layer was loaded on the upper surface, while the second support layer was positioned on the lower surface of the filter layer, and the filter was manufactured by passing the layered layer through a pressure roll.

Here, the first and second support layers used DuPont Xavan products, and 1.5 g per m2 of poly-olefin hot melt, which is a third binder, was applied to one side of the second support layer facing the lower surface of the filter layer.

Example 11

A water treatment filter was manufactured under the same conditions as Example 10, except that the ion exchange activated carbon was scattered at about 60 g per m2.

Example 12

A water treatment filter was manufactured under the same conditions as Example 10, except that the ion exchange activated carbon was scattered at about 80 g per m2.

Example 13

A water treatment filter was manufactured under the same conditions as Example 10, except that the ion exchange activated carbon was scattered so that it was approximately 100 g per m2.

Example 14

A water treatment filter was manufactured under the same conditions as Example 10, except that the ion exchange activated carbon was scattered at about 20 g per m2.

Comparative Example 10

A water treatment filter was manufactured under the same conditions as Example 10, except that the first binder layer and ion-exchange activated carbon were not included and the second binder layer was adjusted to 1.5 g per m2.

　 Weight (g/㎡) First support layer 2nd binder layer adsorbent layer 2nd binder layer Filter layer 3rd binder layer Second support layer Example 10 40 5.5 40 3.5 120 1.5 40 Example 11 40 5.5 60 3.5 120 1.5 40 Example 12 40 5.5 80 3.5 120 1.5 40 Example 13 40 5.5 100 3.5 120 1.5 40 Example 14 40 5.5 20 3.5 120 1.5 40 Comparative Example 10 40 1.5 - - 120 1.5 40

<Experimental Example 2>

The physical properties, water flow rate, antibacterial test, and metal ion removal performance of the water treatment filters manufactured in Examples 10 to 14 and Comparative Example 10 were measured, and the results are shown in Tables 5 and 6.

The physical properties, water permeability, antibacterial test, and metal ion removal performance were measured using the same methods as in Example 1.

Weight (g/㎡) Thickness (㎛) Wet tensile strength (kN/m) Initial flow rate (L/min) Example 10 255 1.09 11.2 1.72 Example 11 275 1.19 10.3 1.70 Example 12 295 1.45 9.4 1.60 Example 13 295 1.85 8.4 1.54 Example 14 235 1.02 11.8 1.70 Comparative Example 10 205 0.95 12.4 1.72

E. coli removal
(%) Particle removal
(%) Fe
(%) Al
(%) Pb
(%) Hg
(%) CD
(%) Example 10 99.99 99.9 100 100 100 100 80.3 Example 11 99.99 99.9 100 100 100 100 90.4 Example 12 99.99 99.9 100 100 100 100 92.1 Example 13 99.99 99.9 100 100 100 100 93.4 Example 14 99.99 99.9 100 100 100 100 60.8 Comparative Example 10 99.99 99.9 100 100 100 90.1 45.5

As summarized in Table 5, in all filters manufactured by the manufacturing methods of Examples 10 to 14 of the present invention and Comparative Example 10, 99.99% of E. coli, 99.9% of particles, and 100% of iron, aluminum, and lead were removed.

However, in the case of Examples 10 to 14, 100% of mercury was removed, whereas in Comparative Example 10, only 90.1% was removed. In the case of cadmium, 60.8 to 93.4% was removed in Examples 10 to 14, whereas in Comparative Example 10, only 45.5% was removed.

The present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention may be implemented in modified forms without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments should be considered from an illustrative rather than a restrictive perspective. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims, not the foregoing description, and the equivalent scope thereof should be interpreted as being included in the present invention.

Claims (19)

A filter layer comprising two or more types of nanocellulose lyocell fibers, bamboo fibers, and two or more types of adsorbents having different water content and average fiber lengths,
The above nanocellulose lyocell fibers are nanocellulose lyocell fibers (NCF-1) having an average diameter of 15 to 20 ㎛, an average length of 0.5 to 1.0 mm, and a Canadian standard freeness of 30 to 60 mL CSF, and nanocellulose lyocell fibers (NCF-2) having an average diameter of 20 to 25 ㎛, an average length of 0.8 to 1.2 mm, and a Canadian standard freeness of 90 to 130 mL CSF.
The above bamboo fibers are in an untreated state, have a Canadian standard water content of 540 to 580 mL, an average diameter of 18 to 25 μm, and an average length of 1 to 2 mm.
The above adsorbents are zirconium hydroxide adsorbents and powdered activated carbon.
The above nanocellulose lyocell fibers, bamboo fibers and adsorbents are mixed in proportions of 40 to 60 parts by weight, 10 to 30 parts by weight and 20 to 50 parts by weight, respectively.
A water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms, characterized in that the weight of the above filter layer is 100 to 340 g/㎡.
delete delete delete In the first paragraph,
A water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms, characterized by a wet tensile strength of 8.0 kN/m or more, an initial water flow rate of 1.5 L/min or more, an E. coli removal rate of 99.99% or more, a particle removal rate of 99.9% or more, and a removal rate of three or more heavy metal ions in water of 90% or more.
In the first paragraph,
On the upper part of the above filter layer, a first binder layer, an adsorbent layer, a second binder layer, and a first support layer are sequentially laminated.
A water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms, characterized in that a third binder layer and a second support layer are sequentially laminated below the above filter layer.
In Article 6,
A water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms, characterized in that the adsorbent of the adsorbent layer is at least one of granular activated carbon (GAC), activated alumina, titanium silicate, zeolite, titanium dioxide, ferric oxide, zirconium hydroxide, metal organic framework (MOF), and ion-exchange activated carbon.
In Article 7,
A water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms, characterized in that the weight of the above filter layer is 110 to 130 g/㎡.
In Article 8,
A water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms, characterized in that the basis weight of the adsorbent layer is 20 to 100 g/㎡ and the basis weight of the filter is 230 to 300 g/㎡.
In Article 9,
A water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms, characterized in that the basis weights of the first support layer, the second binder layer, the adsorbent layer, the first binder layer, the third binder layer, and the second support layer are 35 to 50 g/㎡, 5.0 to 6.0 g/㎡, 20 to 100 g/㎡, 3.0 to 4.0 g/㎡, 1.0 to 2.0 g/㎡, and 35 to 50 g/㎡, respectively.
In the first paragraph,
On the upper part of the above filter layer, a first binder layer containing an adsorbent and a first support layer are sequentially laminated,
A water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms, characterized in that a second binder layer and a second support layer are sequentially laminated below the above filter layer.
delete delete delete Step 1: preparing a first mixture by mixing a wetting agent and water;
A second step of preparing a second mixture by mixing nanocellulose lyocell fibers and bamboo fibers into the first mixture;
A third step of preparing a third mixture by mixing an adsorbent into the second mixture;
Step 4: preparing a fourth mixture by mixing water and binder fibers;
A fifth step of preparing a fifth mixture by mixing the third mixture and the fourth mixture;
Step 6 of preparing a diluted raw material mixture by mixing white water into the fifth mixture; and
A seventh step of manufacturing a filter layer by laminating the above raw material mixture on a wire mesh and dehydrating and drying it; including,
The fourth step is performed simultaneously with, before, or between the third and fifth steps.
The nanocellulose lyocell fibers in the second step are nanocellulose lyocell fibers (NCF-1) having an average diameter of 15 to 20 ㎛, an average length of 0.5 to 1.0 mm, and a Canadian standard freeness of 30 to 60 mL CSF, and nanocellulose lyocell fibers (NCF-2) having an average diameter of 20 to 25 ㎛, an average length of 0.8 to 1.2 mm, and a Canadian standard freeness of 90 to 130 mL CSF, and the bamboo fibers are not refined and have a Canadian standard freeness of 540 to 580 mL, an average diameter of 18 to 25 ㎛, and an average length of 1 to 2 mm.
The adsorbents in the third step are zirconium hydroxide adsorbents and powdered activated carbon.
The above nanocellulose lyocell fibers, bamboo fibers and adsorbents are mixed in proportions of 40 to 60 parts by weight, 10 to 30 parts by weight and 20 to 50 parts by weight, respectively.
A method for manufacturing a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms, characterized in that the basis weight of the above filter layer is 100 to 340 g/㎡.
delete In Article 15,
An eighth step of forming a first binder layer by spraying a first binder on the upper surface of the filter layer;
A ninth step of forming an adsorbent layer by spraying an adsorbent on top of the first binder layer;
Step 10 of forming a second binder layer by spraying a second binder on top of the adsorbent layer; and
A method for manufacturing a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms, characterized by comprising an 11th step of laminating a first support layer on top of the second binder layer and laminating a second support layer on the bottom of the filter layer.
In Article 17,
A method for manufacturing a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms, characterized in that the adsorbent in the ninth step is at least one of ion-exchange activated carbon, granular activated carbon, activated alumina-based adsorbent, titanium silicate-based adsorbent, zeolite-based adsorbent, and ferric oxide-based adsorbent.
In Article 18,
A method for manufacturing a water treatment filter capable of removing heavy metals and microorganisms, characterized in that the basis weights of the first support layer, the second binder layer, the adsorbent layer, the first binder layer, the filter layer, and the second support layer are 35 to 45 g/m2, 5.0 to 6.0 g/m2, 20 to 100 g/m2, 3.0 to 4.0 g/m2, 110 to 130 g/m2, and 35 to 45 g/m2, respectively.