JPH11212088A - Light irradiation device and liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Light irradiation device and liquid crystal display deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH11212088A JPH11212088A JP10011242A JP1124298A JPH11212088A JP H11212088 A JPH11212088 A JP H11212088A JP 10011242 A JP10011242 A JP 10011242A JP 1124298 A JP1124298 A JP 1124298A JP H11212088 A JPH11212088 A JP H11212088A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- liquid crystal
- guide plate
- scattering
- light guide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、導光板を棒状光源
にて照射して面状の照射光を得る光照射装置及びこの光
照射装置を用い液晶表示素子を照射して成る液晶表示装
置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a light irradiating device for irradiating a light guide plate with a rod-like light source to obtain planar irradiation light, and a liquid crystal display device illuminating a liquid crystal display element using the light irradiating device. .
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】液晶表示装置において、側面に螢光放電
管等の棒状光源を有し、この光源からの光を導光板内を
伝搬しながら面状の光に変換し出射する事により、液晶
表示素子を背面から照射透過し画像表示を行う光照射装
置にあっては、従来より図５に示す様な装置を用いてい
た。即ち、光透過率の高い樹脂等からなり背面に反射板
２を有する導光板１の一側に、反射鏡３で囲われた棒状
蛍光管４を近接配置し、棒状蛍光管４から導光板１に入
射された光を導光板１と空気との界面で全反射を繰り返
しながら棒状蛍光管４から遠ざかる方向に伝搬し、この
間、導光板１に配置される複数の散乱ドット６により生
じる乱反射により、その一部を導光板１の出射面から拡
散フィルム７を透過して液晶表示素子５方向に照射して
いた。2. Description of the Related Art A liquid crystal display device has a rod-shaped light source such as a fluorescent discharge tube on a side surface, and converts light from this light source into planar light while propagating in a light guide plate and emits the light. As a light irradiation device for irradiating and transmitting a display element from the back to display an image, a device as shown in FIG. 5 has been conventionally used. That is, a rod-shaped fluorescent tube 4 surrounded by a reflecting mirror 3 is arranged close to one side of a light guide plate 1 made of a resin or the like having a high light transmittance and having a reflective plate 2 on the back surface. While propagating in a direction away from the rod-shaped fluorescent tube 4 while repeating total reflection at the interface between the light guide plate 1 and the air. During this time, due to irregular reflection caused by a plurality of scattering dots 6 arranged on the light guide plate 1, A part of the light was transmitted through the diffusion film 7 from the exit surface of the light guide plate 1 and irradiated toward the liquid crystal display element 5.
【０００３】ここで散乱ドット６は、酸化チタン（Ｔｉ
Ｏ）等の顔料を含むインキを導光板１表面にシルク印刷
により塗布したり、導光板１表面に伝搬される光の波長
に比べ十分高い凹凸を形成する等してなっている。散乱
ドット６は、全反射により導光板１中を伝搬する光に対
して、その全反射を阻害することにより導光板１から出
射させるものであり、導光板１からの出射光量は、導光
板１を伝搬する光量と散乱ドット６の散乱能率により決
まる。又導光板１を伝搬する光は、順次散乱ドット６で
の乱反射により外部に出射されながら伝搬されるので、
棒状蛍光管４から遠ざかるに従いその光量が低減され
る。Here, the scattering dots 6 are made of titanium oxide (Ti).
An ink containing a pigment such as O) is applied to the surface of the light guide plate 1 by silk printing, or irregularities sufficiently higher than the wavelength of light transmitted to the surface of the light guide plate 1 are formed. The scattering dots 6 emit light from the light guide plate 1 by obstructing the total reflection of light propagating in the light guide plate 1 by total reflection. And the scattering efficiency of the scattering dots 6. The light propagating through the light guide plate 1 is sequentially propagated while being emitted to the outside by irregular reflection at the scattering dots 6.
The light amount decreases as the distance from the rod-shaped fluorescent tube 4 increases.
【０００４】このため従来は、棒状蛍光管４から遠ざか
るに従い散乱ドット６の面積や数を増大し、光量が低減
される分を補正して、導光板１からの出射光量の均一化
を図っていた。For this reason, conventionally, the area and the number of the scattering dots 6 are increased as the distance from the rod-shaped fluorescent tube 4 increases, and the amount of reduction in the amount of light is corrected to make the amount of light emitted from the light guide plate 1 uniform. Was.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記従来の装置にあっ
ては、散乱ドットは導光板に印刷されたり、導光板表面
に作りつけられたりと導光板に固定されており、所定の
位置における散乱能率も棒状蛍光管から遠く成るに従い
増大された状態で固定され、導光板１からの出射光量は
どの位置でもほぼ均一とされていた。一方、実際の表示
画像は、その輝度が全面にわたり均一では無く、その場
面に応じて、ある部分はで暗く又別のある部分では明る
い等の輝度分布を有している。In the above-described conventional apparatus, the scattering dots are fixed to the light guide plate by being printed on the light guide plate or being formed on the surface of the light guide plate. The efficiency was fixed in an increased state as the distance from the rod-shaped fluorescent tube increased, and the amount of light emitted from the light guide plate 1 was almost uniform at any position. On the other hand, the luminance of an actual display image is not uniform over the entire surface, and has a luminance distribution such that some parts are dark and others are bright depending on the scene.
【０００６】しかしながら従来の光照射装置では導光板
からの出射光量が均一に設定されている事から、画像の
場面に応じた輝度は、液晶表示素子の透過率によっての
み制御されていた。このため最大輝度を高めようとする
と、例えその高輝度を必要とされる部分が一部であった
としても、棒状蛍光管の輝度を高くする事により導光板
全体からの出射輝度を明るくしなければ得られず、従来
から、液晶表示装置の消費電力に占める光照射装置の消
費電力の割合が約２／３にも達するにも拘わらず、更に
消費電力の増大を招いてしまうと言う問題を生じてい
た。However, in the conventional light irradiation device, since the amount of light emitted from the light guide plate is set to be uniform, the luminance according to the scene of the image is controlled only by the transmittance of the liquid crystal display element. Therefore, in order to increase the maximum luminance, even if only a part of the high luminance is required, the luminance of the entire light guide plate must be increased by increasing the luminance of the rod-shaped fluorescent tube. And the power consumption of the light irradiation device occupies about 2/3 of the power consumption of the liquid crystal display device, which leads to a problem that the power consumption further increases. Had occurred.
【０００７】しかも、従来の散乱能率が固定の散乱ドッ
トは、導光板全面に渡り均一な輝度を得るためのドット
の大きさや数等を経験的に作られる事が多く、実験によ
り試行錯誤を繰り返しながら決定されるため、その開発
に時間を要すると言う問題も有していた。Moreover, in the conventional scattering dots having a fixed scattering efficiency, the size and number of dots for obtaining uniform brightness over the entire surface of the light guide plate are often empirically made, and trial and error are repeated through experiments. However, there is also a problem that the development is time-consuming because it is determined.
【０００８】そこで本発明は上記課題を解決するするも
ので、消費電力の増大を招く事無く、液晶表示素子の各
部分において導光板から実際の画像の輝度に見合った輝
度を得られ、又光散乱パターンの設計にかかる時間の短
縮を図る事が出来る光照射装置及び液晶表示装置を提供
することを目的とする。Accordingly, the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem, and it is possible to obtain a luminance corresponding to the luminance of an actual image from a light guide plate in each part of a liquid crystal display element without increasing power consumption. An object of the present invention is to provide a light irradiation device and a liquid crystal display device that can reduce the time required for designing a scattering pattern.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は上記課題を解決
するための手段として、一側より入射された光を面状に
出射する出射面を有する平板状の導光板と、この導光板
の任意の一側面に隣接し前記導光板を照射する棒状光源
と、前記出射面に対して平行に配置され光散乱能率を部
分的に切り替え可能な可変散乱パターンを有する可変散
乱手段とを設けるものである。According to the present invention, as a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, a flat light guide plate having an exit surface for emitting light incident from one side in a planar shape, A rod-like light source that irradiates the light guide plate adjacent to any one side surface, and a variable scattering unit that is disposed in parallel with the emission surface and has a variable scattering pattern that can partially switch light scattering efficiency. is there.
【００１０】又本発明は上記課題を解決するための手段
として、電極を有し互いに対向する電極基板の間隙に表
示液晶組成物を封入してなる液晶表示素子と、この液晶
表示素子と略同等の面積を有し一側より入射された光を
面状に出射する出射面を有する平板状の導光板と、この
導光板の任意の一側面に隣接し前記導光板を照射する棒
状光源と、前記出射面に対して平行に配置され光散乱能
率を部分的に切り替え可能な可変散乱パターンを有する
可変散乱手段とを設けるものである。According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal display device having electrodes and having a display liquid crystal composition sealed in a gap between electrode substrates opposed to each other, and a liquid crystal display device substantially equivalent to the liquid crystal display device. A flat light guide plate having an emission surface that emits light incident from one side in a planar shape having an area of, and a rod-shaped light source that irradiates the light guide plate adjacent to any one side surface of the light guide plate, And a variable scattering means having a variable scattering pattern which is arranged in parallel with the emission surface and can partially switch the light scattering efficiency.
【００１１】上記構成により本発明は、画像上必要とす
る部分の可変散乱パターンの光散乱能率を切り替える事
により、画像全体の光量を増大する事無く、必要とする
部分のみの輝度を高め或いは低減出来、消費電力の増大
を生じる事無く必要な輝度を得る事により、経済的であ
りながら画像再現性を向上するものである。With the above-described structure, the present invention switches the light scattering efficiency of the variable scattering pattern of a necessary portion on an image to increase or decrease the brightness of only the necessary portion without increasing the light amount of the entire image. Thus, by obtaining necessary luminance without increasing power consumption, it is possible to improve image reproducibility while being economical.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の実施の形態】以下本発明を、図１乃至図３に示
す実施の形態を参照して説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the embodiments shown in FIGS.
【００１３】先ず本実施の形態に使用される光拡散液晶
組成物について述べる。光拡散液晶組成物としてはＰＤ
ＬＣ（Ｐｏｌｙｍｅｒ Ｄｉｓｐｅｒｓｅｄ Ｌｉｑｕ
ｉｄＣｒｙｓｔａｌ）、ＬＥＦＤ（Ｌａｔｅｒａｌ Ｅ
ｌｅｃｔｒｉｃ Ｆｉｅｌｄ Ｄｉｆｆｒａｃｔｉｏ
ｎ）、ＰＮＬＣ（Ｐｏｌｙｍｅｒ ＮｅｔｗｏｒｋＬｉ
ｑｕｉｄ Ｃｒｙｓｔａｌ）、ＮＣＡＰ（Ｎｅｍａｔｃ
Ｃｕｒｖｉｌｉｎｅａｒ Ｌｉｑｕｉｄ Ｃｒｙｓｔ
ａｌ）、ＰＳＣＴ（Ｐｏｌｙｍｅｒ Ｓｔａｂｉｌｉｚ
ｅｄ Ｃｈｏｌｅｓｔｅｒｉｃ Ｔｅｘｔｕｒｅ）、Ｌ
ＣＰＧ（ Ｌｉｑｕｉｄ Ｃｒｙｓｔａｌ Ｐｈａｓｅ
Ｇｒａｔｉｎｇ）、ＴＤ−ＴＤＢ（Ｔｗｏ Ｄｏｍａ
ｉｎ Ｔｕｎａｂｌｅ Ｂｉｒｅｆｒｉｎｇｅｎｃｅ
Ｄｉｆｆｒａｃｔｉｖｅ）等がある。First, the light diffusing liquid crystal composition used in the present embodiment will be described. PD as a light diffusion liquid crystal composition
LC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid)
idCrystal), LEFD (Lateral E)
Electric Field Diffraction
n), PNLC (Polymer Network Li)
liquid Crystal), NCAP (Nematc)
Curvilinear Liquid Cryst
al), PSCT (Polymer Stabiliz)
ed Cholesteric Texture), L
CPG (Liquid Crystal Phase)
Grating), TD-TDB (Two Doma)
in Tunable Birefringence
Diffractive).
【００１４】例えば、 ＰＤＬＣ（Ｐｏｌｙｍｅｒ Ｄ
ｉｓｐｅｒｓｅｄ ＬｉｑｕｉｄＣｒｙｓｔａｌ：ポリ
マー分散液晶）は、プラスチック中に液晶を微少な泡状
に分散させて封入したものであり、電界を印加しないと
きには白濁しているが、電界印加により透明となる特性
を有している。封入された液晶分子は泡の中で動く事が
出来、外部から電界を作用させない状態ではバラバラの
方向を向いている。液晶分子は屈折率異方性を持ってお
り、バラバラの状態では光の進行方向に対して周囲のプ
ラスチックと屈折率が異なるため見かけ上白濁した拡散
板であるかの様に見える。For example, PDLC (Polymer D)
(Ispersed Liquid Crystal: polymer-dispersed liquid crystal) is a liquid crystal dispersed in plastic in the form of fine bubbles and sealed therein. When an electric field is not applied, the liquid crystal becomes cloudy, but has a property of becoming transparent by the application of an electric field. I have. The encapsulated liquid crystal molecules can move in bubbles, and are oriented in different directions when no electric field is applied from the outside. The liquid crystal molecules have a refractive index anisotropy, and in a dispersed state, the refractive index differs from that of the surrounding plastic in the light traveling direction, so that the liquid crystal molecules appear to be a cloudy diffuser.
【００１５】プラスチックの厚さ方向に交流電界を印加
し、液晶分子の方向を揃えてやると、光の進行方向に対
して周囲のプラスチック材料と屈折率がほぼ等しい状態
にすることが出来、あたかも同一材料で出来た透明板で
あるかのように取り扱うことが出来る。When an alternating electric field is applied in the thickness direction of the plastic to align the directions of the liquid crystal molecules, the refractive index of the surrounding plastic material is almost equal to that of the surrounding plastic material with respect to the traveling direction of light. It can be handled as if it were a transparent plate made of the same material.
【００１６】一方例えばＬＥＦＤ（Ｌａｔｅｒａｌ Ｅ
ｌｅｃｔｒｉｃ Ｆｉｅｌｄ Ｄｉｆｆｒａｃｔｉｏ
ｎ）は、電界を印加しないときは透明であり、電界印加
時には白濁されると言う特性を有している。On the other hand, for example, LEFD (Lateral E)
Electric Field Diffraction
n) has a characteristic that it is transparent when no electric field is applied and becomes cloudy when an electric field is applied.
【００１７】次に上記ＰＤＬＣを用いて成る光拡散液晶
素子にて導光板の光を散乱し、液晶表示素子を照射する
本発明の実施の形態について述べる。液晶表示装置８の
液晶表示素子１０は、信号線及び走査線の交点に設けら
れる薄膜トランジスタにて駆動される画素電極を有する
アレイ基板１０ａ及び対向電極を有する対向基板１０ｂ
間に表示液晶組成物１０ｃを封入してなっている。液晶
表示素子１０の背面には、反射鏡１１により集光される
棒状光源である蛍光管１２からの光を、導光板１３に
て、液晶表示素子１０側に照射する光照射装置１４が設
けられている。Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in which light from a light guide plate is scattered by a light diffusion liquid crystal element using the PDLC to irradiate a liquid crystal display element. The liquid crystal display element 10 of the liquid crystal display device 8 includes an array substrate 10a having pixel electrodes driven by thin film transistors provided at intersections of signal lines and scanning lines, and a counter substrate 10b having counter electrodes.
The display liquid crystal composition 10c is sealed between them. On the back surface of the liquid crystal display element 10, there is provided a light irradiation device 14 for irradiating light from a fluorescent tube 12, which is a rod-shaped light source, condensed by a reflecting mirror 11 to the liquid crystal display element 10 side with a light guide plate 13. ing.
【００１８】導光板１３の出射面の反対面には導光板１
３内を伝搬される光を出射面に散乱するための可変散乱
手段である光拡散液晶素子１７が設けられている。この
光拡散液晶素子１７は、プラスチックやガラス等からな
る第１の透明基板１８ａ上にアルミニウム（Ａｌ）やＩ
ｎｄｉｕｍ Ｔｉｎ Ｏｘｉｄｅ（以下ＩＴＯと略称す
る。）等からなり蛍光管１２と平行に設けられる走査電
極１８ｂがパターン形成される走査電極基板１８と、プ
ラスチックやガラス等からなる第２の透明基板２０ａ上
にＩＴＯからなる対向電極２０ｂが形成される対向電極
基板２０の間に光拡散液晶組成物であるＰＤＬＣ２１を
封入して成っている。これにより光拡散液晶素子１７
は、走査電極１８ｂの形状に沿ってパターン形成される
蛍光管１２と平行な可変散乱パターンを有する。The light guide plate 1 is provided on the surface of the light guide plate 13 opposite to the exit surface.
There is provided a light diffusing liquid crystal element 17 which is a variable scattering means for scattering light propagating in the inside 3 to an emission surface. The light diffusing liquid crystal element 17 is formed by forming aluminum (Al) or I on a first transparent substrate 18a made of plastic or glass.
A scan electrode substrate 18 made of ndium Tin Oxide (hereinafter abbreviated as ITO) or the like and formed with a pattern of scan electrodes 18b provided in parallel with the fluorescent tube 12 and a second transparent substrate 20a made of plastic, glass, or the like. A PDLC 21 which is a light diffusion liquid crystal composition is sealed between a counter electrode substrate 20 on which a counter electrode 20b made of ITO is formed. Thereby, the light diffusion liquid crystal element 17
Has a variable scattering pattern parallel to the fluorescent tube 12, which is patterned along the shape of the scanning electrode 18b.
【００１９】走査電極１８ｂの接続端子１８ｃは、液晶
表示素子１０の駆動回路（図示せず）を制御する制御装
置２４に接続される。走査電極１８ｂは制御装置２４に
より、液晶表示素子１０の走査信号と同期して走査さ
れ、各可変散乱パターン毎に光拡散液晶素子１７への電
圧印加をオン／オフ制御するように成っている。これに
よりオン時には光拡散液晶素子１７は透明にされ散乱能
率を低減され、オフ時には光拡散液晶素子１７は白濁さ
れ散乱能率を増大する様切り換えられる。又２２は、拡
散シートである。The connection terminal 18c of the scanning electrode 18b is connected to a control device 24 for controlling a driving circuit (not shown) of the liquid crystal display element 10. The scanning electrode 18b is scanned by the control device 24 in synchronization with the scanning signal of the liquid crystal display element 10, and the voltage application to the light diffusion liquid crystal element 17 is controlled on / off for each variable scattering pattern. As a result, when turned on, the light diffusing liquid crystal element 17 is made transparent and the scattering efficiency is reduced, and when turned off, the light diffusing liquid crystal element 17 is switched to become cloudy and increase the scattering efficiency. Reference numeral 22 denotes a diffusion sheet.
【００２０】次に光照射装置１４の製造方法について述
べる。第１の透明基板１８ａに走査電極１８ｂをパター
ン形成し、第２の透明基板２０ａに対向電極２０ｂを形
成する。いずれかの基板１８、２０周囲に紫外線硬化樹
脂を塗布し、走査電極基板１８及び対向電極基板２０を
間隙を保持して対向して貼り合わせセルを形成する。セ
ルの間隙にＰＤＬＣ２２を注入し、全面に紫外線を照射
し紫外線硬化樹脂を硬化させ光拡散液晶素子１７を製造
する。拡散液晶素子１７を導光板１３に重ね、反対の出
射面に拡散シート２２を重ね、反射鏡１１、蛍光管１２
を組み込み光照射装置１４を完成する。Next, a method of manufacturing the light irradiation device 14 will be described. The scanning electrodes 18b are pattern-formed on the first transparent substrate 18a, and the counter electrodes 20b are formed on the second transparent substrate 20a. An ultraviolet curable resin is applied around one of the substrates 18 and 20, and the scanning electrode substrate 18 and the counter electrode substrate 20 are opposed to each other with a gap therebetween to form a bonded cell. The PDLC 22 is injected into the gap between the cells, and the entire surface is irradiated with ultraviolet rays to cure the ultraviolet curing resin, thereby manufacturing the light diffusion liquid crystal element 17. The diffusion liquid crystal element 17 is superimposed on the light guide plate 13, the diffusion sheet 22 is superimposed on the opposite exit surface, and the reflecting mirror 11 and the fluorescent tube 12
And the light irradiation device 14 is completed.
【００２１】この様にして成る光照射装置１４による液
晶表示素子１０への光照射について述べる。電圧が印加
されない状態では、光拡散液晶素子１７は、全面が白濁
されており、蛍光管１２の点灯により導光板１３を伝搬
する光を散乱し、液晶表示素子１０を照射する様に設定
されている。そして液晶表示素子１０の画像表示操作に
伴い蛍光管１２が点灯されると、この蛍光管１２から入
射された光は導光板１３内を全反射を繰り返しながら伝
搬する間に光拡散液晶素子１７により散乱され出射面か
ら外部に出射され液晶表示素子１０を照射する。The light irradiation of the liquid crystal display element 10 by the light irradiation device 14 thus configured will be described. In the state where no voltage is applied, the light diffusion liquid crystal element 17 is set to be opaque on the entire surface, to scatter light propagating through the light guide plate 13 by lighting of the fluorescent tube 12, and to irradiate the liquid crystal display element 10. I have. When the fluorescent tube 12 is turned on in accordance with the image display operation of the liquid crystal display element 10, the light incident from the fluorescent tube 12 is propagated by the light diffusing liquid crystal element 17 while propagating in the light guide plate 13 while repeating total reflection. The light is scattered and emitted to the outside from the emission surface to irradiate the liquid crystal display element 10.
【００２２】液晶表示素子１０は、駆動装置（図示せ
ず）からの画像情報信号により、走査線が順次走査さ
れ、信号線からの信号情報に応じた画像を表示する。こ
れに伴い、光拡散液晶素子１７の走査電極１８ｂには、
液晶表示素子１０の走査線への走査信号に同期して制御
信号が入力され、光拡散液晶素子１７は各パターン毎に
オン／オフ制御される。The liquid crystal display element 10 sequentially scans the scanning lines according to an image information signal from a driving device (not shown), and displays an image corresponding to the signal information from the signal lines. Accordingly, the scanning electrode 18b of the light diffusing liquid crystal element 17 has
A control signal is input in synchronization with a scanning signal to a scanning line of the liquid crystal display element 10, and the light diffusion liquid crystal element 17 is on / off controlled for each pattern.
【００２３】即ち表示画像全面にて均一な輝度を得体場
合は、図３（ａ）に示すように、蛍光管１２から遠くな
るに従い、電圧印加する走査電極１８ｂの密度を低減
し、透明部分Ｃを減少して印加電圧オフの白濁部分ｗを
増加する。又、輝度分布を有する場面にあっては図３
（ｂ）に示す様に、明るい画像に対応する部分［Ａ］の
光拡散液晶素子１７への印加電圧をオフし光拡散液晶素
子１７を白濁部分ｗとしたままとしその部分の散乱能率
を増大し、導光板１３内の光を散乱して液晶表示素子１
０側に出射する一方暗い画像に対応する部分［Ｂ］の光
拡散液晶素子１７に電圧を印加する事により光拡散液晶
素子１７を透明部分Ｃにして散乱能率を下げ、導光板１
３内の光を散乱する事無く伝搬し、表示画像の輝度に則
した照射を行う事となる。That is, in the case of obtaining uniform luminance over the entire display image, as shown in FIG. 3A, as the distance from the fluorescent tube 12 increases, the density of the scanning electrode 18b to which a voltage is applied is reduced, and the transparent portion C To decrease the white turbid portion w where the applied voltage is off. In a scene having a luminance distribution, FIG.
As shown in (b), the voltage applied to the light diffusing liquid crystal element 17 in the portion [A] corresponding to a bright image is turned off, and the light diffusing liquid crystal element 17 is kept in the cloudy portion w to increase the scattering efficiency of that portion. The light in the light guide plate 13 is scattered to
By applying a voltage to the light diffusing liquid crystal element 17 in the part [B] corresponding to a dark image while emitting to the 0 side, the light diffusing liquid crystal element 17 is made a transparent part C to lower the scattering efficiency, and the light guide plate 1
The light within 3 propagates without being scattered, and irradiation is performed in accordance with the luminance of the display image.
【００２４】このように構成すれば、光拡散液晶素子１
７の走査電極１８ｂをオン／オフ制御して、可変散乱パ
ターン毎に散乱能率を切り換える事により蛍光管１２か
らの光は、必要な部分では部分的に出射し、不要な部分
では出射を押さえることが出来るので、従来に比し余分
な出射が無く、高い輝度を必要とする場合にはその部分
の拡散能率を上げて部分的に明るく出来る。従って従来
の様に高輝度を得るために蛍光管１２の消費電力を増大
する必要が無く、経済的でありながら、画像再現性の向
上を図れる。又、光拡散液晶素子１７の走査電極１８ｂ
により形成される散乱パターンの散乱能率は、パターン
の配置や大きさ等を考慮する事無く、画像に応じた印加
電圧制御により容易に変動出来、従来のように開発に時
間を要する事無く画像に適した散乱パターンを容易に得
る事ができる。しかも光拡散液晶素子１７のオン／オフ
制御は、液晶表示素子１０の制御の様に微細である必要
が無いことから、印加する交流電圧の周波数も十分低減
出来、その消費電力はごく小さくてすみ、低電力化を損
なう事も無い。With this configuration, the light diffusion liquid crystal element 1
By controlling on / off of the scanning electrode 18b of 7 in order to switch the scattering efficiency for each variable scattering pattern, the light from the fluorescent tube 12 is partially emitted at a necessary portion and suppressed at an unnecessary portion. Therefore, there is no extra light emission as compared with the related art, and when high luminance is required, the diffusion efficiency of the portion can be increased to partially brighten. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the power consumption of the fluorescent tube 12 in order to obtain a high luminance as in the related art, and the image reproducibility can be improved while being economical. Also, the scanning electrode 18b of the light diffusing liquid crystal element 17
The scattering efficiency of the scattering pattern formed by can be easily changed by controlling the applied voltage according to the image without considering the arrangement and size of the pattern, etc. A suitable scattering pattern can be easily obtained. In addition, since the on / off control of the light diffusion liquid crystal element 17 does not need to be as fine as the control of the liquid crystal display element 10, the frequency of the applied AC voltage can be sufficiently reduced, and the power consumption is very small. In addition, there is no loss in power consumption.
【００２５】尚本発明は上記実施の形態に限られるもの
でなく、その趣旨を変えない範囲での変更は可能であっ
て、例えば実施の形態の光拡散液晶素子の走査は、液晶
表示素子の走査線と同期をとる事無く、走査線とは別制
御により蛍光管側から順次走査する等しても良いし、そ
の電圧制御も印加電圧をオン／オフ制御するのみではな
く、画像再現性を更に向上するために、印加する電圧や
電流の大きさ、周波数、パルス波形のデューティ比等を
調整する事により、光拡散液晶素子の散乱能率をより細
かく調整するようにしても良い。例えば、ＰＤＬＣを用
いて成る光拡散液晶素子にて棒状光源から遠くなるにつ
れ印加電圧を小さくして散乱能率を増大し、導光板全面
にわたり均一な出射光を得る様にしても良い。The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be changed without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, the scanning of the light diffusion liquid crystal element of the embodiment can be performed by the liquid crystal display element. Scanning may be performed sequentially from the fluorescent tube side under control separate from the scanning line without synchronizing with the scanning line. The voltage control not only controls the applied voltage on / off, but also improves the image reproducibility. For further improvement, the scattering efficiency of the light diffusion liquid crystal element may be adjusted more finely by adjusting the magnitude and frequency of the applied voltage and current, the duty ratio of the pulse waveform, and the like. For example, in a light diffusion liquid crystal element using a PDLC, the applied voltage may be reduced as the distance from the rod-shaped light source increases, the scattering efficiency may be increased, and uniform outgoing light may be obtained over the entire light guide plate.
【００２６】又、光拡散液晶素子に用いる光拡散液晶組
成物も、電圧印加時に白濁し、印加しないときは透明と
なるＬＥＦＤ等を用いても良く、このＬＥＦＤを用いて
散乱が必要な部分にのみ電圧を印加し白濁させる様制御
すれば、より低消費電力での駆動が可能となる。又、可
変散乱パターンの形状及びその制御方法等任意であり、
走査電極をマトリクス状に形成し、画像表示素子のマト
リクス画像と同期して、その散乱能率を調整する事によ
り、画像再現性を向上する等しても良い。The light-diffusing liquid crystal composition used in the light-diffusing liquid crystal element may be made of LEFD or the like which becomes opaque when a voltage is applied and becomes transparent when no voltage is applied. If only the voltage is applied to control the opacity, driving with lower power consumption becomes possible. Also, the shape of the variable scattering pattern and its control method are arbitrary,
The scanning electrodes may be formed in a matrix, and the scattering efficiency may be adjusted in synchronization with the matrix image of the image display device to improve image reproducibility.
【００２７】更に導光板内の光をより効率的に面状に出
射させるための散乱パターンとして、可変散乱パターン
と固定散乱パターンとを併用してもよく、例えば図４に
示す他の変形例のように、アルミナ（Ａｌ2 Ｏ3 ）を分
散して成る樹脂にて導光板２６表面に白色ドットからな
る固定散乱パターン２７を印刷し、更に実施の形態で述
べた、ストライプ状の可変散乱パターン２８ａを有する
光拡散液晶素子２８を重ねる事により、導光板２６内の
光をより効率的且つ再現性良く散乱するようにしても良
い。Further, a variable scattering pattern and a fixed scattering pattern may be used in combination as a scattering pattern for more efficiently emitting light in the light guide plate in a planar manner. For example, another scattering example shown in FIG. As described above, the fixed scattering pattern 27 composed of white dots is printed on the surface of the light guide plate 26 by using a resin in which alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) is dispersed, and the stripe-shaped variable scattering pattern 28a described in the embodiment is further described. The light in the light guide plate 26 may be scattered more efficiently and with good reproducibility by overlapping the light diffusion liquid crystal element 28 having
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明によれば、導
光板を伝搬する光を、散乱能率を変動可能な可変散乱手
段にて散乱し平面状に出射する事により、従来の様に、
開発に時間を要する固定散乱パターンを、導光板に印刷
等により作りつける事無く容易に均等な出射輝度を得る
事が出来る。又、輝度分布を有し、部分的に高輝度を要
求される場面においては、従来の様に、導光板全面の輝
度を向上する事無く、可変散乱パターン毎に散乱能率を
適宜変動することにより表示画像に応じて容易に表示輝
度を調整出来、高輝度が要求される場合にも、画像上の
高輝度に対応する可変散乱パターン部分の散乱能率を上
げ、他の部分は散乱しない様容易に調整設定出来、導光
板全体としてはその輝度を押さえられるので、消費電力
を増大する事無く部分的に必要な輝度を容易に得る事が
出来、経済性を損なう事無く画像輝度の再現性を向上で
きる。As described above, according to the present invention, the light propagating through the light guide plate is scattered by the variable scattering means capable of varying the scattering efficiency and emitted in a plane, as in the prior art.
A uniform emission luminance can be easily obtained without making a fixed scattering pattern, which requires time for development, on the light guide plate by printing or the like. Further, it has a luminance distribution, and in a scene where high luminance is required in part, without improving the luminance of the entire light guide plate as in the related art, by appropriately changing the scattering efficiency for each variable scattering pattern. The display brightness can be easily adjusted according to the display image, and even when high brightness is required, the scattering efficiency of the variable scattering pattern portion corresponding to the high brightness on the image is increased, and the other portions are easily scattered. Adjustable settings can be made and the brightness of the light guide plate as a whole can be suppressed, so it is possible to easily obtain the required brightness partially without increasing power consumption, and improve the reproducibility of image brightness without impairing economic efficiency it can.
【図１】本発明の実施の形態の液晶表示装置を示す概略
側面図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の実施の形態の液晶表示装置を示す概略
分散斜視図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の実施の形態の光照射装置の出射状況を
示し、（ａ）は均一輝度を得る場合、（ｂ）は輝度分布
を得る場合の概略説明図である。FIGS. 3A and 3B are schematic diagrams illustrating an emission state of the light irradiation device according to the embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram illustrating a case where uniform luminance is obtained, and FIG.
【図４】本発明の他の変形例の導光板及び光拡散液晶素
子を示す概略分散斜視図である。FIG. 4 is a schematic dispersion perspective view showing a light guide plate and a light diffusing liquid crystal element according to another modification of the present invention.
【図５】従来の光照射装置を示す概略側面図である。FIG. 5 is a schematic side view showing a conventional light irradiation device.
８…液晶表示装置 １０…液晶表示素子 １１…反射鏡 １２…螢光管 １３…導光板 １４…光照射装置 １７…光拡散液晶素子 １８…走査電極基板 １８ｂ…走査電極 ２０…対向電極基板 ２１…ＰＤＬＣ ２２…拡散シート Reference Signs List 8 liquid crystal display device 10 liquid crystal display element 11 reflecting mirror 12 fluorescent tube 13 light guide plate 14 light irradiating device 17 light diffusion liquid crystal element 18 scanning electrode substrate 18b scanning electrode 20 counter electrode substrate 21 PDLC 22: Diffusion sheet
Claims (7)
出射面を有する平板状の導光板と、この導光板の任意の
一側面に隣接し前記導光板を照射する棒状光源と、前記
出射面に対して平行に配置され光散乱能率を部分的に切
り替え可能な可変散乱パターンを有する可変散乱手段と
を具備する事を特徴とする光照射装置。1. A flat light guide plate having an emission surface for emitting light incident from one side in a planar shape, a rod-shaped light source adjacent to any one side of the light guide plate and irradiating the light guide plate, A light irradiating device comprising: a variable scattering means disposed in parallel with the emission surface and having a variable scattering pattern capable of partially switching light scattering efficiency.
帯状領域からなり、前記各帯状領域毎に光散乱能率を独
立に切り替え可能である事を特徴とする請求項１に記載
の光照射装置。2. The light irradiation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the variable scattering pattern comprises a plurality of band-shaped regions parallel to each other, and the light scattering efficiency can be independently switched for each band-shaped region.
の島状領域からなり、前記各島状領域毎に光散乱能率を
独立に切り替え可能である事を特徴とする請求項１に記
載の光照射装置。3. The light irradiation according to claim 1, wherein the variable scattering pattern comprises a plurality of island-like regions in a matrix, and the light scattering efficiency can be independently switched for each of the island-like regions. apparatus.
隙に光拡散液晶組成物を封入して成る光拡散液晶素子
と、前記電極基板に電圧を印加する電圧印加手段とを有
し、前記電圧印加手段による印加電圧を制御する事によ
り前記光拡散液晶素子の光散乱能率を部分的に切り替え
可能である事を特徴とする請求項１に記載の光照射装
置。4. The variable scattering means has a light diffusing liquid crystal element in which a light diffusing liquid crystal composition is sealed in a gap between opposing electrode substrates, and a voltage applying means for applying a voltage to the electrode substrate. The light irradiation device according to claim 1, wherein the light scattering efficiency of the light diffusion liquid crystal element can be partially switched by controlling an applied voltage by a voltage application unit.
隙に表示液晶組成物を封入してなる液晶表示素子と、こ
の液晶表示素子と略同等の面積を有し一側より入射され
た光を面状に出射する出射面を有する平板状の導光板
と、この導光板の任意の一側面に隣接し前記導光板を照
射する棒状光源と、前記出射面に対して平行に配置され
光散乱能率を部分的に切り替え可能な可変散乱パターン
を有する可変散乱手段とを具備する事を特徴とする液晶
表示装置。5. A liquid crystal display device having electrodes and sealing a display liquid crystal composition in a gap between electrode substrates facing each other, and light incident from one side having substantially the same area as the liquid crystal display device. A flat light guide plate having an emission surface for emitting light in a plane, a rod-shaped light source adjacent to any one side surface of the light guide plate and irradiating the light guide plate, and light scattering disposed in parallel to the emission surface. A variable scattering means having a variable scattering pattern capable of partially switching efficiency.
隙に表示液晶組成物を封入してなる液晶表示素子と、こ
の液晶表示素子と略同等の面積を有し一側より入射され
た光を面状に出射する出射面を有する平板状の導光板
と、この導光板の任意の一側面に隣接し前記導光板を照
射する棒状光源と、前記出射面に対して平行に配置され
光散乱能率を部分的に切り替え可能な可変散乱パターン
を有する可変散乱手段と、前記導光板の出射面側に配置
され光散乱能率が固定の固定散乱パターンを有する固定
散乱手段とを具備する事を特徴とする液晶表示装置。6. A liquid crystal display element having electrodes and sealing a display liquid crystal composition in a gap between electrode substrates facing each other, and light incident from one side having substantially the same area as the liquid crystal display element. A flat light guide plate having an emission surface for emitting light in a plane, a rod-shaped light source adjacent to any one side surface of the light guide plate and irradiating the light guide plate, and light scattering disposed in parallel to the emission surface. A variable scattering unit having a variable scattering pattern capable of partially switching the efficiency; and a fixed scattering unit having a fixed scattering pattern in which the light scattering efficiency is fixed and disposed on the emission surface side of the light guide plate. Liquid crystal display device.
れ、線順次駆動される複数の画素を有し、可変散乱パタ
ーンの光散乱能率が前記線順次駆動の周期に同期して部
分的に切り替え可能である事を特徴とする請求項５に記
載の液晶表示装置。7. A liquid crystal display element is arranged in a matrix and has a plurality of pixels driven in a line-sequential manner, and a light scattering efficiency of a variable scattering pattern can be partially switched in synchronization with a cycle of the line-sequential drive. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, wherein
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP01124298A JP4083271B2 (en) | 1998-01-23 | 1998-01-23 | Liquid crystal display |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP01124298A JP4083271B2 (en) | 1998-01-23 | 1998-01-23 | Liquid crystal display |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11212088A true JPH11212088A (en) | 1999-08-06 |
| JP4083271B2 JP4083271B2 (en) | 2008-04-30 |
Family
ID=11772477
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP01124298A Expired - Fee Related JP4083271B2 (en) | 1998-01-23 | 1998-01-23 | Liquid crystal display |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4083271B2 (en) |
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