JP7556072B2 - Disaster Prevention System - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a fire detector that is connected to a signal line drawn from a disaster prevention receiving panel and monitors fires in tunnels.

Traditionally, tunnels on expressways and other roads are equipped with fire detectors to monitor for fires and protect people and vehicles from fires that may occur inside the tunnel. These detectors are connected to signal lines drawn from a disaster prevention receiving panel.

The fire detectors have detection areas on both the left and right sides, and are placed consecutively along the length of the tunnel, for example at intervals of 25 m or 50 m, so that the detection areas of adjacent fire detectors overlap in a complementary manner.

The fire detector also monitors radiation, such as infrared rays, from fire flames occurring inside the tunnel through a translucent window, and to maintain its flame monitoring function, sensitivity tests are conducted to monitor the sensitivity of the light-receiving element and dirt tests are conducted to monitor dirt on the translucent window.

When a test signal periodically transmitted from the disaster prevention receiving panel is received, the sensitivity test of the light receiving element detects the light receiving sensitivity by shining test light equivalent to the light from a simulated flame from a test light source into the light receiving element from the test light source, correcting the received light value with a correction value that is the reciprocal of the detection sensitivity until the light receiving sensitivity falls to a predetermined threshold sensitivity, and when the detection sensitivity falls to the predetermined sensitivity threshold and correction is no longer possible, a failure signal of the light receiving element is sent to the disaster prevention receiving panel and a sensor failure alarm is output.

When a test signal periodically transmitted from the disaster prevention receiving panel is received, the dirt test for the light-transmitting window is performed by shining test light from a test light source installed on the outside of the fire detector onto the light-transmitting window, receiving the light with a light receiving element to determine the light attenuation rate, and if the light attenuation rate exceeds a predetermined dirt threshold, an abnormal dirt signal is sent to the disaster prevention receiving panel to output a dirt alarm.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 6-325271 JP 2002-246962 A Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-128381 JP 2013-105370 A Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-111989 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-255185

However, with such conventional fire detectors, after a long period of operation, even when they appear to be operating normally without any sensor failures detected in sensitivity tests or abnormal dirt detected in dirt tests, the fire detector may suddenly output a fire detection signal and a non-fire alarm may be issued from the disaster prevention receiving panel. Until it is confirmed that this is not a fire alarm, a fire alarm must be displayed using an alarm display board or similar device, preventing vehicles from passing through the tunnel, and a person in charge must go to the site to check, which takes time and effort before traffic can be resumed through the tunnel, and there is a risk that the reliability of the tunnel disaster prevention system cannot be ensured.

In this way, the reason why a fire detector suddenly outputs a fire detection signal when it is apparently being operated normally is that the fire detector has deteriorated over a long period of operation, causing it to become unstable, and in this state, it malfunctions for some reason and outputs a fire detection signal. However, the only information available on the extent to which a fire detector has deteriorated is the useful life indicated at the manufacturing stage, making it difficult to perform maintenance and management in response to the deterioration of the fire detector.

The present invention aims to provide a disaster prevention system that can determine the degree of deterioration of a fire detector and notify the user before a false fire alarm is issued, allowing appropriate countermeasures to be taken.

(Disaster prevention system)
The present invention provides a disaster prevention system for monitoring fires in detection areas set corresponding to roads in a tunnel by providing a plurality of fire detectors each having a fire detection unit for detecting light energy from the detection areas,
a detector control unit that performs a fire determination process to determine whether or not a fire has occurred in the detection area based on the light energy detected by the fire detection unit;
a test unit that determines whether or not the fire detection unit has an abnormality in its sensitivity to detecting light energy through a predetermined test;
a control unit which performs a fire alarm process to alert the fire in the detection area when the detector control unit determines that a fire has occurred through the fire determination process, and which determines the degree of deterioration of the fire detector that is an abnormality in the fire detector that leads to the output of a fire detection signal due to a malfunction of the fire detector or the output of a non-fire alarm by a disaster prevention system and is not tested by the testing unit;
Equipped with
Each of the plurality of fire detectors is arranged so that its detection area overlaps with the adjacent fire detector in a mutually complementary manner;
The detector control unit performs a predetermined test of the fire detection unit by the testing unit even if the degree of deterioration of the fire detector satisfies a predetermined deterioration alarm condition ,
The control unit is characterized in that if a deterioration abnormality is determined based on the degree of deterioration of the fire detector but no non-fire alarm is output, the deterioration alarm condition is changed to a higher value, and if non-fire alarms are generated frequently without determining a deterioration abnormality, the deterioration alarm condition is changed to a lower value .

The detector control unit outputs information regarding deterioration of the fire detector in response to a specified measurement instruction signal from the control unit.

The test unit receives a specified test signal from the control unit, performs a specified test of the fire detector, and outputs the result of the specified test in response to the test signal.

(Basic Effects)
The present invention is a disaster prevention system in which a fire detector is connected to a signal line drawn from a disaster prevention receiving panel into a tunnel to monitor for fires. The system has a deterioration determination unit that determines the degree of deterioration of the fire detector, and the disaster prevention receiving panel is configured to report the degree of deterioration of the fire detector determined by the deterioration determination unit.Since the degree of deterioration of the fire detector that occurs over the extended operation period of the system is determined and reported, it is possible to grasp the progress of deterioration of the fire detector, and it is possible to take measures such as replacing a deteriorating fire detector with a spare fire detector before the deterioration progresses to the point where a non-fire alarm is suddenly issued, making it possible to prevent malfunctions and non-fire alarms and continuously maintain the reliability of fire monitoring even over a long period of operation of the system.

(Effect of environmental stress and period of use on deterioration assessment)
In addition, the deterioration assessment unit is configured to determine the degree of deterioration based on the environmental stress and period of use of the fire detector, so that a deterioration assessment is made that takes into account both the environmental stress that causes mechanical and electrical stress that are factors in deterioration that lead to malfunctions of the fire detector or non-fire alarms, and the deterioration over time corresponding to the period of use, making it possible to obtain a more accurate assessment of the deterioration status.

(Effect of Deterioration Assessment Due to Environmental Stress)
In addition, the deterioration determination unit measures environmental stress that indicates the operating environment of the fire detector, and increases a deterioration count value that indicates the degree of deterioration when the environmental stress or its change exceeds a predetermined value, and when the deterioration count value reaches a predetermined deterioration threshold, it alerts the user to the deterioration status corresponding to the deterioration threshold.Therefore, the degree of deterioration of the fire detector due to environmental stress is constantized by generating the deterioration count value, making it possible to more accurately determine the progress of deterioration of the fire detector.

(Effect of Deterioration Assessment Due to Multiple Types of Environmental Stress)
In addition, the deterioration determination unit measures multiple types of environmental stresses that indicate the operating environment of the fire detector, and increases a deterioration count value indicating the degree of deterioration for each of the multiple types of environmental stresses when each environmental stress or its change exceeds a predetermined value, and when the sum of the deterioration count values obtained for each of the multiple types of environmental stresses reaches a predetermined deterioration threshold, it alerts the user to the deterioration status corresponding to the deterioration threshold.Therefore, by determining the deterioration of the fire detector taking into account multiple types of environmental stresses that are factors in the deterioration of the fire detector, it is possible to make a highly accurate determination that matches the actual progress of deterioration.

(Effects of different types of environmental stress)
In addition, the deterioration assessment unit is configured to measure at least one of the temperature, humidity, impact vibration, and electrical noise of the fire detector as environmental stresses.Since temperature, humidity, and impact vibration cause deterioration to progress due to mechanical stress, and electrical noise causes deterioration to progress due to electrical stress, by measuring temperature, humidity, impact vibration, and electrical noise as environmental stresses, it is possible to make a highly accurate assessment that matches the actual degree of deterioration.

(Effect of units of measurement of environmental stress)
In addition, since the deterioration determination unit is configured to measure environmental stress for each fire detector, or for each specified section where multiple fire detectors are installed, for example, temperature stress can be measured by providing a temperature sensor for each fire detector, but by providing sensors that measure humidity, impact vibration or electrical noise for each section within the tunnel where multiple fire detectors are installed, environmental stress can be measured without installing more sensors than necessary.

(Effect of environmental stress and period of use on deterioration assessment)
In addition, the deterioration determination unit generates a deterioration count value corresponding to the period of use of the fire detector, and when the sum of this and the deterioration count value generated from environmental stress reaches a predetermined deterioration threshold, it alerts the user to a deterioration status corresponding to the deterioration threshold.Therefore, by pre-determining a deterioration count value corresponding to the period of use, it is possible to accurately determine deterioration based on a deterioration count value that includes both environmental stress and period of use, even for deterioration over time corresponding to the period of use.

(Effect of informing the need for inspection, confirmation or investigation)
In addition to notifying of the deterioration status, the deterioration assessment unit is configured to notify of the need to inspect, check or investigate the fire detector for which a deterioration status has been reported. This allows personnel at a disaster prevention center, etc., to inspect, check or investigate the fire detector for which a deterioration status has been reported, and take appropriate action such as replacing it with a spare fire detector based on the results.

(Effect of multi-stage notification of deterioration status)
In addition, the deterioration judgment unit sets a predetermined deterioration threshold in multiple stages, and each time the deterioration count value reaches the deterioration threshold of each stage, a deterioration status corresponding to the deterioration threshold of each stage is notified.Therefore, depending on the degree of deterioration, notifications are given in multiple stages, such as ``Caution: Deterioration'' and ``Abnormal Deterioration,'' making it possible to take appropriate action according to the degree of deterioration.

(Effect of notifying deterioration status for each environmental stress)
In addition, the deterioration determination unit is configured to report the deterioration status separately for each environmental stress of the fire detector, so that when deterioration is reported it is clear whether the deterioration has been determined to be due to temperature, humidity, impact vibration, or electrical noise.For example, if deterioration has been determined to be due to temperature stress, measures can be taken to reduce temperature fluctuations so as to suppress deterioration of the fire detector due to temperature stress.

(Effect of updating deterioration thresholds based on fire detector test anomalies)
In addition, when a test abnormality is determined in any of the multiple fire detectors, the deterioration determination unit updates the deterioration threshold based on the deterioration count value of the fire detector in which the test abnormality was determined.Therefore, if the deterioration count value of the fire detector that has experienced a test abnormality is known, this deterioration count value or a count value close to it can be updated as the deterioration threshold, and deterioration can be determined before a test abnormality is determined, allowing appropriate action to be taken.

(Effect of updating the deterioration threshold based on non-fire alarms of fire detectors)
In addition, when a non-fire alarm occurs in any of the multiple fire detectors, the deterioration determination unit updates the deterioration threshold based on the deterioration count value of the fire detector in which the non-fire alarm occurred.Therefore, if the deterioration count value of the fire detector in which a non-fire alarm occurred is known, this deterioration count value or a count value close to it can be updated as the deterioration threshold, and deterioration can be determined before a non-fire alarm is issued, allowing appropriate action to be taken.

(Effects of displaying a list of deterioration status)
In addition, the deterioration assessment unit is configured to display a list of the deterioration status of fire detectors based on specified operational instructions, so that, as necessary, when a deterioration abnormality is reported or a non-fire alarm is issued, the person in charge, etc. can check the progression of deterioration and the cause of non-fire, etc. by displaying a list of the deterioration status of a specific fire detector or all fire detectors, etc. on the disaster prevention receiving panel.

(Effects of listing environmental stresses)
In addition, the deterioration assessment unit is configured to display a list of the environmental stresses of fire detectors based on specified operational instructions, so that, if necessary, when a deterioration abnormality is reported or a non-fire alarm is issued, the person in charge can check the progression of deterioration and the causes of non-fires, etc. by displaying a list of the environmental stresses of a specific fire detector or all fire detectors, etc. on the disaster prevention receiving panel.

(Effect of listing by type of environmental stress)
Based on specified operating instructions, the deterioration determination unit displays a list of multiple types of environmental stress measured from the fire detector, categorized by type, so that, if necessary, when a deterioration abnormality is reported or a non-fire alarm is issued, the person in charge can check the progression of deterioration and whether the main cause of non-fire is the degree of environmental stress by displaying the temperature, humidity, and environmental stress categorized by type, such as temperature, humidity, shock vibration, and electrical noise, for a specific fire detector or all fire detectors on the disaster prevention receiving panel, and take the necessary measures.

(Effect of manually changing the deterioration judgment threshold)
In addition, since the deterioration judgment unit is configured to change the deterioration threshold value based on specified operational instructions, the person in charge can change the deterioration threshold value to a higher value to suppress the frequent occurrence of deterioration abnormalities when deterioration abnormalities are reported but there are no non-fire alarms, and on the other hand, when there are frequent non-fire alarms without deterioration abnormalities being reported, the person in charge can change the deterioration threshold value to a lower value so that deterioration abnormalities are reported before non-fire alarms are issued.

(Effect of fire detector operation history)
In addition, the deterioration determination unit stores the operation history of each fire detector and displays the operation history based on specified operational instructions, so that, if necessary, when a deterioration abnormality is reported or a non-fire alarm is issued, the person in charge can check the deterioration status and causes of non-fires by displaying the operation history of a specific fire detector or all fire detectors on the disaster prevention receiving panel.

(Effect of fire detector zero point history)
In addition, the deterioration determination unit detects the zero point of the fire detection signal for each fire detector and stores it as a zero point history, and displays the zero point history of the fire detection signal based on specified operation instructions. Therefore, if necessary, when a deterioration abnormality is reported or a non-fire alarm is issued, the person in charge can check the deterioration status and the cause of the non-fire, etc. by displaying the zero point history of a specific fire detector or all fire detectors, etc. on the disaster prevention receiving panel.

An explanatory diagram showing the overview of the tunnel disaster prevention system Block diagram showing the outline of the functional configuration of the disaster prevention receiving panel A time chart showing the changes in temperature deterioration count value, humidity deterioration count value, aging deterioration count value, and total deterioration count value over the period of use. An explanatory diagram showing the appearance of a fire detector Block diagram showing the outline of the functional configuration of a fire detector A time chart showing the change in temperature deterioration count value in relation to daily temperature changes. A flow chart showing the control operation of the deterioration determination unit installed in the disaster prevention control panel. A flowchart showing the control operation of the deterioration determination unit following FIG. 7.

[Outline of tunnel disaster prevention system]
The tunnel disaster prevention system is generally illustrated in Fig. 1. As illustrated in Fig. 1, an up-line tunnel 1a and a down-line tunnel 1b are constructed as tunnels for a motorway.

Inside the up-line tunnel 1a and the down-line tunnel 1b, fire detectors 12 are installed along the walls in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, for example at intervals of 25 meters or 50 meters.

The fire detector 12 has two sets of fire detection sections, so that it has detection areas in both the upward and downward directions of the tunnel length, and is continuously arranged along the length of the tunnel so that the detection areas of adjacent fire detectors overlap in a complementary manner, and detects fires by observing radiation, such as infrared rays, from flames caused by a fire that has broken out within the detection area.

In addition, emergency facilities such as manual reporting devices and emergency telephones for reporting fires, fire hydrant devices for extinguishing fires and preventing the spread of fires, and water sprayers that spray fire water from water spray heads to protect the tunnel structure and ducts from fires are also installed in the up-bound tunnel 1a and down-bound tunnel 1b, but these are not shown in the illustration.

The fire detectors 12 are connected to the emergency reception panel 10 through transmission lines 14a and 14b, which include power lines, for the up-line tunnel 1a and the down-line tunnel 1b, and a unique address is set for each line in the fire detectors 12.

The disaster prevention receiving panel 10 is also provided with a fire pump system 16, duct cooling pump system 18, IG satellite station system 20, ventilation system 22, alarm display board system 24, radio rebroadcast system 26, television monitoring system 28, and lighting system 30. Except for the IG satellite station system 20, which is connected via a data transmission line, the other equipment is individually connected to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 via a P-type signal line. Here, the IG satellite station system 20 is a communication system that connects the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 to the remote monitoring and control system 32, which is a higher-level system installed externally, via a network.

The ventilation equipment 22 is a device that applies energy to the air inside the tunnel by operating a jet fan installed on the ceiling side of the tunnel to blow air at a high speed, creating a ventilation flow in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.

The warning display board equipment 24 is equipment that notifies users inside the tunnel of any abnormalities inside the tunnel by displaying them on an electronic display board. The radio rebroadcast equipment 26 is equipment that enables drivers and others inside the tunnel to receive information from the road administrator. The television monitoring equipment 28 is equipment that is used to confirm the scale and location of a fire, activate the water spray equipment, and grasp the situation inside the tunnel when providing evacuation guidance. The lighting equipment 30 is equipment that drives and manages the lighting equipment inside the tunnel.

[Disaster prevention receiving panel]
(Outline of the disaster prevention receiving panel)
Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing an outline of the functional configuration of the disaster prevention receiving panel. As shown in Fig. 2, the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 includes a panel control unit 34, which is a function realized by, for example, executing a program, and uses, as hardware, a computer circuit having a CPU, a memory, various input/output ports, etc.

Transmission units 36a and 36b are provided for the panel control unit 34, and multiple fire detectors 12 installed in the up-line tunnel 1a and the down-line tunnel 1b are connected to the transmission paths 14a and 14b drawn from the transmission units 36a and 36b, respectively.

The panel control unit 34 is also provided with an alarm unit 38 equipped with a speaker, alarm indicator lights, etc., a display unit 40 equipped with an LCD display, printer, etc., an operation unit 42 equipped with various switches, etc., and a modem 44 connecting the IG child station equipment 20 that communicates with external monitoring equipment. In addition, an IO unit 46 is provided to which the fire pump equipment 16, cooling pump equipment 18, ventilation equipment 22, alarm display board equipment 24, radio rebroadcast equipment 26, TV monitoring equipment 28, and lighting equipment 30 shown in FIG. 1 are connected.

The panel control unit 34 instructs the transmission units 36a and 36b to repeatedly send a call signal including a polling command that sequentially specifies the addresses of the fire detectors 12. When the fire detectors 12 receive a call signal that matches their own address, they send back a response signal including information about their own status, such as fire detection, test results, temperature, and humidity.

In addition, when the panel control unit 34 of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 detects a fire by receiving a response signal from the fire detector 12, it controls the alarm unit 38 to output a fire alarm and also instructs the interlocking control of other equipment via the IO unit 46.

The panel control unit 34 also transmits a test signal containing a test instruction command that sequentially specifies the addresses of the fire detectors 12 when the system is started up or at a predetermined interval during operation, causing the fire detectors 12 to perform sensitivity tests, contamination tests, and deterioration tests, and to respond with the results of each test. It is also possible to transmit a test signal to an individual fire detector to perform a test by performing a test operation that specifies the address of a specific fire detector 12 using the operation unit 42.

In addition, when the panel control unit 34 receives a response signal indicating a sensor failure obtained by a sensitivity test of the fire detector 12, it controls the alarm unit 38 to issue an alarm indicating a sensor failure with the specified address of the fire detector, by sounding an alarm, displaying a message on the display unit 40, and printing the message.

In addition, when the panel control unit 34 receives a response signal indicating an abnormality in contamination obtained by a sensitivity test of the fire detector 12, it controls the alarm unit 38 to issue an alarm, the display unit 40 to display a message on the display unit 40, and print out a contamination alarm that identifies the address of the fire detector.

In addition, when the panel control unit 34 receives a response signal indicating a failure or abnormality obtained by the sensitivity test and dirt test of the fire detector 12, it transmits the signal from the modem 44 to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 via the IG slave station equipment 20 shown in Figure 1, and controls the system to issue a failure alarm or abnormality alarm.

Furthermore, the panel control unit 34 performs control to change the thresholds set in the fire detectors 12 for determining sensitivity abnormalities and contamination abnormalities based on the operation of the operation unit 42 using the display of the display unit 40. This control to change the thresholds can change the thresholds of the fire detectors 12 all at once, or it can change the threshold of a specific fire detector 12 by specifying an address.

In the following description, the transmission paths 14a, 14b and the transmission units 36a, 36b may be referred to as the transmission path 14 and the transmission unit 36 when there is no need to distinguish between them.

(Deterioration judgment section of disaster prevention receiving panel)
The panel control unit 34 of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 is provided with a function of a deterioration determination unit 48 that determines and reports the degree of deterioration of the fire detectors 12 installed in the tunnel. The deterioration determination unit 48 of this embodiment determines the degree of deterioration of the fire detectors 12 based on the environmental stress and the period of use.

For this reason, the deterioration determination unit 48 measures, for example, temperature and humidity as multiple types of environmental stresses that indicate the operating environment of the fire detector 12, and when the measured temperature or its change exceeds a predetermined value, it increments the temperature deterioration count value P1, which indicates the degree of deterioration due to temperature, by one, and when the measured humidity or its change exceeds a predetermined value, it increments the humidity deterioration count value P2, which indicates the degree of deterioration due to humidity, by one.

In this embodiment, the temperature degradation count P1 and humidity degradation count P2 are obtained on the fire detector 12 side and sent to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10. For this reason, the panel control unit 34 instructs the transmission units 36a, 36b at predetermined intervals to transmit a measurement instruction signal sequentially specifying the addresses of the fire detectors 12, and the fire detector 12 that receives a measurement instruction signal that matches its own address sets the temperature degradation count P1 and humidity degradation count P2 being sought at that time in a response signal and transmits it as environmental stress measurement information, and the panel control unit 34 receives the response signal to obtain the temperature degradation count value P1 and humidity degradation count value P2.

The deterioration determination unit 48 also generates an age deterioration count value P3 that indicates age deterioration corresponding to the period of use of the fire detector 12. The age deterioration count value P3 is predefined as a value that increases, for example, in years, with the service life of the fire detector 12 being the maximum period of use.

Figure 3 is a time chart showing the change over time in the temperature deterioration count value P1, humidity deterioration count value P2, age deterioration count value P3, and deterioration count value total P used in deterioration determination. For ease of explanation, a linear increase is shown with respect to the years on the horizontal axis.

The deterioration determination unit 48 adds the temperature deterioration count value P1, the humidity deterioration count value P2, and the aging deterioration count value P3 to calculate the deterioration count value total P, and determines deterioration when the deterioration count value total P reaches a predetermined deterioration threshold value Pth, and controls the alarm unit 38 to sound an alarm, the display unit 40 to display a display, and print a deterioration alarm that identifies the address of the fire detector 12.

In addition to issuing a deterioration alarm, the deterioration determination unit 48 also controls the alarm unit 38 to issue an alarm sound, the display unit 40 to display information on the display unit 40, and print information indicating the need for inspection, confirmation, or investigation by specifying the address of the fire detector 12 that has been determined to be deteriorated.

The deterioration threshold value Pth may be set to two stages, for example, Pth1 and Pth2. In this case, when the deterioration count value sum P reaches the first stage deterioration threshold value Pth1, the deterioration determination unit 48 controls the alarm unit 38 to sound an alarm, the display unit 40 to display a display, and the display unit 40 to print a deterioration warning that identifies the address of the fire detector 12 to notify the deterioration status.

In addition, when the deterioration count value sum P reaches a second-stage deterioration threshold Pth2 that is higher than the first-stage deterioration threshold Pth2, the deterioration determination unit 48 controls the display unit 40 to issue an alarm sound, display, or print a deterioration alarm that identifies the address of the fire detector 12 as a notification of the deterioration status.

The deterioration determination unit 48 also performs deterioration determination based on the total deterioration count value P, as well as on the temperature deterioration count value P1, humidity deterioration count value P2, and aging deterioration count value P3.

That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the deterioration determination unit 48 determines deterioration due to temperature stress when the temperature deterioration count value P1 reaches a predetermined temperature deterioration threshold value (P1) th, and controls the alarm unit 38 to issue an alarm sound, the display unit 40 to display a message on the display unit 40, and/or to print out a temperature deterioration alarm that identifies the address of the fire detector 12.

The deterioration determination unit 48 also determines deterioration due to humidity stress when the humidity deterioration count value P2 reaches a predetermined humidity deterioration threshold value (P2) th, and controls the alarm unit 38 to issue an alarm sound, the display unit 40 to display a message on the display unit 40, and/or to print out a humidity deterioration alarm that identifies the address of the fire detector 12.

Furthermore, the deterioration determination unit 48 determines the deterioration due to aging when the deterioration count value P2 reaches a predetermined deterioration threshold value (P3) th, and controls the alarm unit 38 to issue an aging deterioration alarm that identifies the address of the fire detector 12 by an alarm sound, a display on the display unit 40, and printing.

By issuing a deterioration alarm corresponding to the deterioration factor in this way, it is possible to determine whether the main cause of deterioration is temperature stress, humidity stress, or aging, and it is possible to take measures to remove the deterioration factor for a fire detector 12 that has been determined to be deteriorated, thereby slowing down the progression of deterioration over time.

For the deterioration judgment for each of the temperature deterioration count value P1, humidity deterioration count value P2, and age deterioration count value P3, the judgment threshold may be set in two stages, and a deterioration warning may be issued for a deterioration judgment based on the first stage judgment threshold, and a deterioration alarm may be issued for a deterioration judgment based on a second stage judgment threshold that is higher than the first stage judgment threshold. Also, a representative notification may be issued for each of the deterioration warning or deterioration alarm based on the temperature deterioration count value P1, humidity deterioration count value P2, and age deterioration count value P3.

When the deterioration determination unit 48 receives a response signal of sensor failure obtained by the sensitivity test of the fire detector 12 in the panel control unit 34, it performs control to update the deterioration threshold based on the deterioration count value of the fire detector 12 in which a sensor failure has been determined. This is because when the system starts to operate, the deterioration threshold is a value determined at the design stage and may not necessarily match the deterioration state of the system that is actually being operated, and the deterioration count value of the fire detector 12 in which a sensor failure has been determined can be used as a guideline for the threshold for deterioration determination.

Taking the deterioration count value sum P as an example, if the initially set deterioration threshold value Pth is, for example, Pth = 10,000, and the deterioration count value P of the fire detector 12 determined to have a sensor failure is P = 7,500, the deterioration threshold value Pth is updated based on this to a lower value, for example, Pth = 7,000. This makes it possible to improve the function of determining deterioration and reporting before a sensor failure occurs for fire detectors 12 other than the fire detector that has experienced a sensor failure.

When the panel control unit 34 determines that the fire detector 12 is not a fire alarm, the deterioration determination unit 48 similarly controls to update the deterioration threshold value based on the deterioration count value of the fire detector 12 that has become a non-fire alarm. Here, the deterioration determination unit 48 aims to determine and notify deterioration before the fire detector 12 issues a non-fire alarm, but a non-fire alarm may be issued before that, and by updating the deterioration threshold value based on the deterioration count value of the fire detector 12 that has become a non-fire alarm, the function of determining deterioration and notifying before a non-fire alarm is issued for other fire detectors 12 can be improved.

The deterioration threshold value in the deterioration determination unit 48 may be updated in response to an update operation instruction from the operation unit 42 in the event of a sensor failure or a non-fire alarm, or may be updated automatically.

[Fire detector]
(Appearance of a fire detector)
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the external appearance of the fire detector, and FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an outline of the functional configuration of the fire detector.

As shown in FIG. 4, the fire detector 12 has two pairs of light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L on the left and right sides in a sensor storage section 51 provided at the top of the housing 49, and a sensor section is disposed inside each of the light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L. In addition, two pairs of light-transmitting windows 52R, 52L for test light sources that store external test light sources used for soiling tests of the light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L are provided near the light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L in positions that allow a view of the sensor sections.

In the following description, the light-transmitting window 50R may be referred to as the right-eye light-transmitting window 50R, and the light-transmitting window 50L may be referred to as the left-eye light-transmitting window 50L.

(Outline of fire detector configuration)
5, the fire detector 12 is provided with a detector control unit 54, a transmission unit 56, a power supply unit 58, two sets of left and right fire detection units 60R, 60L, a test light emission drive unit 72, internal test light sources 74R, 75R and internal test light sources 74L, 75L used in sensitivity tests, and external test light sources 76R, 76L used in dirt tests. In the following description, the fire detection unit 60R may be referred to as the right eye fire detection unit 60R, and the fire detection unit 60L may be referred to as the left eye fire detection unit 60L.

The detector control unit 54 is a function that is realized, for example, by executing a program, and the hardware used is a computer circuit equipped with a CPU, memory, various input/output ports, etc.

The transmission unit 56 is connected to the transmission unit 36 of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 shown in FIG. 2 by the serial transmission line S of the transmission path 14 and the serial transmission common line SC, and various signals are transmitted and received by serial transmission.

The power supply unit 58 receives power from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 shown in FIG. 2 via the power line B and power common line BC included in the transmission path 14, and a predetermined power supply voltage is supplied to, for example, the detector control unit 54, the transmission unit 56, the two left and right fire detection units 60R, 60L, and the test light emission drive unit 72.

Internal test light sources 74R, 75R, 74L, and 75L used for sensitivity testing are connected to the test light emission driver 72, and external test light sources 76R and 76L used for dirt testing are also connected, each of which is equipped with an LED as a light emitting element.

(Fire detection section)
The fire detection units 60R, 60L include sensor units 64, 68 and amplification processing units 66, 70. Taking the right fire detection unit 60R as an example, a right light-transmitting window 50R provided on the detector cover is disposed on the front surface of the sensor units 64, 68, and light energy from an external detection area is incident on the sensor units 64, 68 through the right light-transmitting window 50R.

The right eye fire detection unit 60R monitors fires, for example, by two-wavelength flame detection. The sensor unit 64 selectively transmits (passes) radiation of 4.4 to 4.5 μm, which is the resonance radiation band of _CO2 specific to flames, from the light energy incident through the right eye light-transmitting window 50R using an optical wavelength bandpass filter, detects the energy of the radiation using a light receiving sensor, performs photoelectric conversion, and then performs predetermined processing such as amplification using an amplifier processing unit 66 to generate a light receiving signal corresponding to the amount of energy, and outputs it to the detector control unit 54.

The sensor unit 68 selectively transmits (passes) radiant energy of 5 to 6 μm from the light energy incident through the left eye translucent window 50L using an optical wavelength bandpass filter, detects the radiation energy using a light receiving sensor and performs photoelectric conversion, and then performs predetermined processing such as amplification using the amplification processing unit 70 to convert it into a received light signal corresponding to the amount of energy and outputs it to the detector control unit 54.

The amplification processing units 66 and 70 are equipped with a preamplifier, a filter that passes the flame flicker frequency band, a power amplifier, etc.

(Fire Judgment)
The detector control unit 54 is provided with the function of a fire determination unit 80 as a function realized by executing a program. The fire determination unit 80, for example, determines the presence or absence of a flame by taking a relative ratio of the light reception values (light reception signal levels) output from the amplification processing units 66 and 70 of the right eye fire detection unit 60R and comparing it with a predetermined threshold value. When a fire is detected by determining that there is a flame, the fire determination unit 80 instructs the transmission unit 56 to set fire detection information in a response signal to a call signal that matches its own address and controls the transmission to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

(Sensitivity test)
The detector control unit 54 is provided with the function of a sensitivity test unit 82 as a function realized by executing a program. The sensitivity test unit 82 operates when it receives a test signal specifying its own address from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 via the transmission unit 56, and instructs the test light emission driving unit 72 to sequentially drive the internal test light sources 74R, 75R, 74L, and 75L to emit light to perform a sensitivity test of the fire detection units 60R and 60L.

For example, in the case of a sensitivity test of the circuit system of the sensor unit 64 and the amplification processing unit 66 in the right eye fire detection unit 60R, the test light emission drive unit 72 drives the internal test light sources 74R and 75R to emit light, causing simulated flame light equivalent to a fire flame to enter the sensor unit 64. The simulated flame light from the internal test light source 74R contains radiation energy of 4.4 to 4.5 μm, which is specific to a flame and received by the sensor unit 64, and 5 to 6 μm, which is received by the sensor unit 68, and has a fluctuation frequency of 8 to 12 Hz, which is specific to a flame.

The sensitivity test unit 82 performs sensitivity tests on the circuit blocks of the sensor unit 64 and the amplification processing unit 66, and the circuit blocks of the sensor unit 68 and the amplification processing unit 70.

For example, in the sensitivity test of the circuit blocks of the sensor unit 64 and the amplification processing unit 66, a reference light reception value that is initially set at the time of shipment from the factory is stored in memory, and the detected light reception value obtained in the sensitivity test at system startup matches the reference light reception value, and the detection sensitivity obtained by dividing the detected light reception value by the reference light reception value is 1. As the operation period passes, the detected light reception value gradually decreases, and the detection sensitivity decreases to 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, and so on.

When the detection sensitivity falls below 1 in this way, the sensitivity test unit 82 determines the detection sensitivity through a sensitivity test, and also determines a correction value that is the inverse of the detection sensitivity and stores it in memory. The light reception value detected during subsequent operation is multiplied by the correction value to perform sensitivity correction, and the fire judgment unit 80 judges a fire based on the sensitivity-corrected light reception value.

The sensitivity test unit 82 is preset with a sensitivity threshold value corresponding to the limit at which sensitivity correction becomes impossible, for example a sensitivity threshold value of 0.5, and if the detection sensitivity determined by the sensitivity test is equal to or falls below the sensitivity threshold value, it determines that the failure is due to an abnormality in the sensitivity of the sensor unit 64, and instructs the transmission unit 56 to set sensor failure information in a response signal to a call signal that matches its own address and transmit the response signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10. Note that in order to ensure a reliable determination of sensor failure, the sensitivity test unit 82 may transmit a response signal with a sensor failure set if it determines that the failure is due to an abnormal sensitivity multiple times in succession.

A sensitivity test of the circuit system of the sensor unit 68 and the amplification processing unit 70 in the left eye fire detection unit 60L is also performed in a similar manner by driving the internal test light sources 74L and 75L to emit light using the test light emission driving unit 72.

(Stain test)
The detector control unit 54 is provided with the function of a dirt test unit 84 as a function realized by executing a program. The dirt test unit 84 operates when it receives a test signal specifying its own address from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 via the transmission unit 56, and instructs the test light emission driving unit 72 to sequentially drive the external test light sources 76R, 76L to emit light to test the dirt on the light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L.

For example, in the case of a stain test on the light-transmitting window 50R, the test light emission drive unit 72 drives the external test light source 76R to emit light, causing simulated flame light equivalent to a fire flame to enter the sensor unit 64 through the light-transmitting window 50R. The simulated flame light from the external test light source 76R contains radiation energy of 4.4 to 4.5 μm, which is specific to a flame and received by the sensor unit 64, and 5 to 6 μm, which is received by the sensor unit 68, and has a fluctuation frequency of 8 to 12 Hz, which is specific to a flame.

The light-transmitting window 50R is free of dirt when shipped from the factory, and the light reception value obtained in the dirt test at that time is stored in memory as the reference light reception value and is used to calculate the light attenuation rate.

The detected light reception value obtained in the dirt test at system startup matches the reference light reception value, and the light attenuation rate obtained by subtracting the detected light reception value from the reference light reception value and dividing the value by the reference light reception value is 0. As the operation period progresses, dirt adheres to the translucent window 50R, and the light attenuation rate gradually increases to 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and so on.

When the light attenuation rate increases in this way, the dirt test unit 84 determines the light attenuation rate through a dirt test, and also determines a correction value which is the reciprocal of (1 - light attenuation rate) and stores this in memory. It then performs a dirt correction by dividing the light reception value detected in the subsequent operational state (the light reception value corrected by the correction value of the sensitivity test) by the correction value, and the fire judgment unit 80 judges a fire based on the dirt-corrected light reception value. Note that the light reception value detected in the operational state is corrected by the correction value obtained in the sensitivity test described above and the correction value obtained in the dirt test.

The dirt test unit 84 is preset with a dirt threshold value, for example, a dirt threshold value of 0.5, which is the light attenuation rate corresponding to the limit at which dirt correction becomes impossible. If the light attenuation rate determined in the sensitivity test is equal to or exceeds the dirt threshold value, it determines that there is a dirt abnormality that makes it impossible to correct the dirt on the translucent window 50R, and instructs the transmission unit 56 to set dirt abnormality information in the response signal to the call signal that matches its own address and transmit it to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

(Environmental Stress Measurement Department)
The detector control unit 54 is provided with the function of an environmental stress measurement unit 86, which is realized by executing a program, and a temperature sensor 88 and a humidity sensor 90 arranged within the fire detector 12 are connected to the detector control unit 54 in response to this.

The environmental stress measurement unit 86 reads the temperature detection signal of the temperature sensor 88 and the humidity detection signal of the humidity sensor 90 from the A/D conversion port at a predetermined interval and controls the storage of the measured temperature T and measured humidity H in memory.

Figure 6 is a time chart showing the change in temperature deterioration count value in response to the daily change in measured temperature. When the environmental stress measurement unit 86 stores the measured temperature T in memory, it compares the measured temperature T with a predetermined temperature threshold value Tth, and if the measured temperature T exceeds the predetermined temperature threshold value Tth, it performs control to increase the temperature deterioration count value P1 by, for example, 1.

The same applies to the measured humidity H. When the environmental stress measurement unit 86 stores the measured humidity H in memory, it compares the measured humidity H with a predetermined humidity threshold Hth, and if the measured humidity H exceeds the predetermined humidity threshold Hth, it performs control to increase the humidity degradation count value P2 by one.

In addition, when the environmental stress measurement unit 86 receives a measurement instruction signal specifying its own address from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 via the transmission unit 56, it instructs the transmission unit 56 to set the temperature deterioration count value P1 and the humidity deterioration count value P2 as environmental stress measurement information in the response signal to the measurement instruction signal and transmits it to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

In another embodiment of the environmental stress measurement unit 86, the temperature measurement unit 86 may measure and store the temperature measurement for a predetermined period, for example, one day in predetermined time units in memory, and when it receives a measurement instruction signal specifying its own address from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 via the transmission unit 56, it may calculate the temperature change amount ΔT from the maximum and minimum values of the measured temperature for the day, and if the temperature change amount ΔT exceeds a predetermined temperature threshold value ΔTth, it may increment the temperature deterioration count value P1 by one, and calculate the humidity change amount ΔH from the maximum and minimum values of the measured humidity for the day, and if the temperature change amount ΔH exceeds a predetermined temperature threshold value ΔHth, it may increment the temperature deterioration count value P2 by one, and instruct the transmission unit 56 to set the temperature deterioration count value P1 and the humidity deterioration count value P2 as environmental stress measurement information in a response signal to the measurement instruction signal and transmit it to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[Deterioration determination operation by disaster prevention monitoring system]
Figure 7 is a flowchart showing the control operation of the deterioration determination unit provided in the disaster prevention control panel, and Figure 8 is a flowchart showing the control operation of the deterioration determination unit following Figure 7, which is a control operation by the deterioration determination unit 48 provided in the panel control unit 34 of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 in Figure 2.

As shown in FIG. 7, when the power to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 is turned on and the system is started up, the deterioration determination unit 48 initializes the detector address A to A=0 as a predetermined initialization process in step S1, and also initializes various deterioration count values P1, P2, P3, and P to zero, and then proceeds to step S2 to determine whether it is time to make a deterioration determination, for example, once a day.

When the timing for determining deterioration is determined in step S2, the process proceeds to step S3, where the deterioration determination unit 48 instructs the transmission units 36a and 36b to transmit measurement instruction signals with sequentially specified addresses to the transmission paths 14a and 14b, and acquires the temperature deterioration count value P1 and the humidity deterioration count value P2 by receiving a response signal transmitted from the fire detector 12 with the matching address.

Then, the deterioration determination unit 48 compares the temperature deterioration count value P1 obtained from the fire detector 12 in step S4 with a predetermined temperature deterioration threshold value (P1)th, and if it determines that the temperature deterioration count value P1 exceeds the temperature deterioration threshold value (P1)th, it proceeds to step S5 and determines whether there is temperature deterioration.

Then, the deterioration determination unit 48 compares the humidity deterioration count value P2 obtained from the fire detector 12 in step S6 with the humidity deterioration threshold value (P2)th, and if it determines that the humidity deterioration count value P2 exceeds the humidity deterioration threshold value (P2)th, it proceeds to step S7 and determines whether humidity deterioration has occurred.

Then, in step S8, the deterioration determination unit 48 acquires the aging deterioration count value P3 corresponding to the period of use up to the present, compares it with the aging deterioration threshold value (P3)th, and if it determines that the aging deterioration count value P3 exceeds the aging deterioration threshold value (P3)th, it proceeds to step S9 and determines the aging deterioration.

Then, in step S10, the deterioration determination unit 48 obtains the deterioration count value sum P of the temperature deterioration count value P1, humidity deterioration count value P2, and aging deterioration count value P3, and compares it with the deterioration threshold value (P)th. If it is determined that the deterioration count value sum P exceeds the deterioration threshold value (P)th, the process proceeds to step S11 and determines the deterioration.

Then, proceeding to step S12 in FIG. 8, the deterioration determination unit 48 determines whether or not a deterioration determination has been obtained in the processing of steps S4 to S11. If it determines that a deterioration determination has not been obtained, proceed to step S14. If it is not the final address, proceed to step S15, increment address A by one, return to step S3 in FIG. 7, and repeat the processing from step S3 for the next fire detector 12.

If it is determined in step S12 that deterioration has been determined, the process proceeds to step S13, where the deterioration determination unit 48 notifies the user of the deterioration determination result by sounding and displaying a deterioration alarm.

When the final address is determined in step S14, address A is initialized to A=0 in step S16 and the process proceeds to step S17. When a response signal indicating a sensor failure obtained in the sensitivity test of the fire detector 12 is received and it is determined that there is a fire detector 12 with a test abnormality, the process proceeds to step S18, where the deterioration determination unit 48 updates the deterioration threshold value based on the deterioration count value of the fire detector 12 determined to have a sensor failure.

If it is determined in step S19 that there is a fire detector 12 that has issued a non-fire alarm, the process proceeds to step S20, where the deterioration determination unit 48 updates the deterioration threshold based on the deterioration count value of the fire detector 12 that has issued a non-fire alarm, and the process returns to step S2 in FIG. 7 to wait for the next deterioration determination timing.

[Modifications of the present invention]
(Environmental Stress)
In the above embodiment, the deterioration determination unit 48 measures temperature and humidity as environmental stresses and obtains the respective deterioration count values to determine deterioration, but is not limited to this and may also measure shock vibration and electrical noise as environmental stresses.

Impact vibrations are measured by, for example, a vibration sensor that measures the vibrations applied to the fire detector 12, and if the detected vibrations exceed a predetermined threshold, the impact deterioration count value P4 is increased. Impact vibrations that increase the impact deterioration count value P4 include vehicle collision vibrations against tunnel side walls, etc., following a vehicle accident, and impact vibrations due to large-scale earthquakes, and are expected to cause significant mechanical stress on the fire detector 12.

In addition, electrical noise is detected by, for example, a voltage sensor or a current sensor as a surge applied to the fire detector from the outside, and the electrical noise degradation count value P5 is increased. Electrical noise that increases the electrical noise degradation count value P5 includes, for example, an induced surge caused by a lightning strike, etc., which is expected to cause a large mechanical stress on the fire detector 12.

The voltage sensor and current sensor that measure electrical noise are installed inside the fire detector 12, but the vibration sensor that measures impact vibration is installed inside a tunnel outside the fire detector 12. The vibration sensor is equipped with a transmission function and is connected to a transmission path from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10. The vibration sensor then transmits the measurement results of the impact vibration to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 to determine deterioration.

The shock deterioration count value P4 and electrical noise deterioration count value P5 measured in this manner are added to the temperature deterioration count value P1, humidity deterioration count value P2, and aging deterioration count value P3 shown in the above embodiment to obtain a deterioration count value sum P, and if the sum exceeds a predetermined deterioration threshold value Pth set in advance, deterioration is determined and an alarm is issued.

The degradation determination unit 48 also sets a predetermined degradation threshold for each of the impact degradation count value P4 and the electrical noise degradation count value P5, and when these are exceeded, a degradation indicating impact degradation or electrical noise degradation is notified.

(Increase in deterioration count value)
In the above embodiment, the deterioration determination unit 48 increases the temperature deterioration count value P1 or the humidity deterioration count value P2 by one count when the temperature or humidity or the change amount thereof exceeds a predetermined value, but is not limited to this and may increase the count by a number corresponding to the degree of deterioration caused by environmental stress to the fire detector 12. For example, since the degree of deterioration caused by humidity stress is greater than that caused by temperature stress, the temperature is increased by one count, while the humidity is increased by a predetermined number of two or more counts.

The same is true for the shock degradation count value P4 and electrical noise degradation count value P5 mentioned above. Because the degree of degradation due to shock and surges is high, the increase in the specified count number is even greater than in the case of humidity.

(Measurement of environmental stress)
In the above embodiment, to measure environmental stress, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are provided in the fire detector 12, and a temperature deterioration count value and a humidity deterioration count value are calculated from the temperature and humidity measurement results by the environmental stress measurement unit of the fire detector 12, and transmitted to the deterioration determination unit 48 of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 to determine deterioration. However, this is not limited to this, and the temperature and humidity measurement results from the fire detector 12 may be sent to the deterioration determination unit 48 of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, and the temperature deterioration count value and the humidity deterioration count value may be calculated in the deterioration determination unit 48.

In addition, in the above embodiment, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are installed inside the fire detector 12 to measure environmental stress, but this is not limited to the above. A temperature sensor and a humidity sensor with a transmission function may be installed inside a tunnel outside the fire detector 12, and the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 may measure the environmental temperature and humidity inside the tunnel in which the fire detector 12 is installed to determine deterioration. In this case, since the temperature sensor can be an existing temperature sensor installed in the internal circuit of the fire detector 12, it is preferable to install the humidity sensor not in the fire detector 12 but in the tunnel outside the fire detector 12.

When installing humidity sensors inside a tunnel, the tunnel can be divided into sections in which a certain number of fire detectors are placed, and a humidity sensor can be installed in each section, thereby reducing the number of humidity sensors relative to the number of fire detectors. The same method of installing sensors in each section can be used for the vibration sensors mentioned above.

(Displays a list of deterioration status)
Furthermore, the deterioration determination unit 48 of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 may display a list of the deterioration status on the display of the display unit 40 based on a predetermined operation instruction from the operation unit 42. This allows the person in charge, etc., to check the progress of deterioration and the cause of the non-fire by displaying a list of the deterioration status of a specific fire detector 12 or all fire detectors 12, etc. on the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 when a deterioration abnormality is reported or a non-fire alarm is issued, etc., as necessary.

(List of environmental stresses)
Furthermore, the deterioration determination unit 48 of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 may display a list of environmental stresses on the display of the display unit 40 based on a predetermined operation instruction from the operation unit 42. This allows the person in charge, etc., to check the progress of deterioration and the cause of non-fire, etc., by displaying a list of environmental stresses of a specific fire detector or all fire detectors, etc. on the disaster prevention receiving panel, when a deterioration abnormality is reported or a non-fire alarm is issued, etc., as necessary.

(List by type of environmental stress)
In addition, the deterioration determination unit 48 of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 may classify multiple types of environmental stress into groups based on a predetermined operational instruction from the operation unit 42 and display a list on the display of the display unit 40.

This allows personnel in charge, etc., to check the progress of deterioration and whether the main cause of non-fire is environmental stress by displaying the temperature, humidity, shock vibration, electrical noise, etc. of a specific fire detector or all fire detectors on the disaster prevention receiving panel as necessary when abnormal deterioration is reported or a non-fire alarm is issued, and then take the necessary measures.

(Manual change of deterioration judgment threshold)
In addition, in the above embodiment, the deterioration determination unit 48 of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 changes the deterioration determination threshold when it determines a test abnormality or a non-fire alarm, but this is not limited to this, and the deterioration determination unit 48 of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 may change the deterioration threshold based on a specified operation instruction from the operation unit 42.

This allows the person in charge to, for example, change the deterioration threshold to a higher value to prevent frequent occurrences of deterioration abnormalities when deterioration abnormalities are reported but there are no non-fire alarms, or, on the other hand, change the deterioration threshold to a lower value in cases where there are frequent non-fire alarms without deterioration abnormalities being reported, so that deterioration abnormalities are reported before non-fire alarms are issued.

(Fire detector operation history)
In addition, the deterioration determination unit 48 of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 may store the operation history of each fire detector 12 and display the operation history on the display of the display unit 40 based on a specified operation instruction from the operation unit 42.

This allows personnel in charge, etc., to check the deterioration status and causes of non-fires, etc., by displaying the operation history of a specific fire detector 12 or all fire detectors 12, etc. on the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, if necessary, when a deterioration abnormality in a fire detector 12 is reported or a non-fire alarm is issued, etc.

(Fire detector zero point history)
In addition, the deterioration determination unit 48 of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 may detect the zero point of the fire detection signal for each fire detector 12, for example the zero point of the fire detection signal output from the fire detection units 60R, 60L shown in Figure 5, store it in memory as a zero point history, and display the zero point history of the fire detector 12 on the display of the display unit 40 based on a specified operation instruction from the operation unit 42.

This allows personnel in charge, etc., to check the deterioration status or the cause of non-fire, etc., by displaying the zero point history of a specific fire detector or all fire detectors on the disaster prevention receiving panel, if necessary, when a deterioration abnormality is reported or a non-fire alarm is issued, etc.

(Fire detector)
Although a two-wavelength fire detector has been taken as an example, other methods may be used. For example, in addition to the two wavelengths mentioned above, a three-wavelength flame detector may be used which detects radiation energy in a wavelength band around 3.8 μm, which is on the shorter wavelength side of the 4.4 to 4.5 μm band which is the resonant radiation band of _CO2 , in a similar manner to the two-wavelength type, and determines the presence or absence of a flame based on the relative ratio of the received light signals in these three wavelength bands.

(P-type tunnel disaster prevention system)
The above embodiment has shown a so-called R-type tunnel disaster prevention system that monitors for fires by connecting a fire detector with an address set to a transmission line pulled out from a disaster prevention receiving panel, but the present invention is not limited to this and is also applicable to a so-called P-type tunnel disaster prevention system in which signal lines are pulled out from the disaster prevention receiving panel on a fire detector basis and a fire detector is connected to each signal line.

In a P-type tunnel disaster prevention system, since information cannot be communicated between the disaster prevention receiving panel and the fire detector, the deterioration determination unit function shown in the above embodiment is provided for each fire detector, and when the deterioration determination unit of the fire detector determines deterioration, for example, the signal line is disconnected, thereby transmitting a deterioration determination signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel to notify the deterioration.

(others)
Furthermore, the present invention includes appropriate modifications that do not impair the objects and advantages of the present invention, and is not limited to the numerical values shown in the above embodiment.

1a: Up line tunnel 1b: Down line tunnel 10: Disaster prevention receiving panel 12: Fire detector 14a, 14b: Transmission line 16: Fire pump equipment 18: Cooling pump equipment 20: IG slave station equipment 22: Ventilation equipment 24: Alarm display board equipment 26: Radio rebroadcast equipment 28: Television monitoring equipment 30: Lighting equipment 32: Remote monitoring and control equipment 34: Panel control unit 36, 56: Transmission unit 44: Modem 46: IO unit 48: Deterioration determination unit 50R, 50L: Light-transmitting window 51: Sensor storage section 52R, 52L: Light-transmitting window for test light source 54: Detector control section 58: Power supply section 60R, 60L: Fire detection section 64, 68: Sensor section 66, 70: Amplification processing section 72: Test light emission driving section 74R, 74L, 75R, 75L: Internal test light source 76R, 76L: External test light source 80: Fire judgment section 82: Sensitivity test section 84: Soil test section 86: Environmental stress measurement section 88: Temperature sensor 90: Humidity sensor

Claims (3)

A disaster prevention system for monitoring fires in a detection area set corresponding to a road in a tunnel by providing a plurality of fire detectors each having a fire detection unit for detecting light energy from the detection area,
a detector control unit that performs a fire determination process to determine whether or not a fire has occurred in the detection area based on the light energy detected by the fire detection unit;
a test unit that determines whether the fire detection unit has an abnormality in the detection sensitivity of the light energy by a predetermined test;
a control unit which performs a fire alarm process to alert the fire in the detection area when the detector control unit determines that a fire has occurred through the fire determination process, and which determines a degree of deterioration of the fire detector that is an abnormality of the fire detector that leads to a fire detection signal output due to a malfunction of the fire detector or a non-fire alarm output by the disaster prevention system and is not tested by the testing unit;
Equipped with
Each of the plurality of fire detectors is arranged such that the detection area overlaps with an adjacent fire detector in a mutually complementary manner;
The detector control unit performs the predetermined test of the fire detection unit by the testing unit even when the degree of deterioration of the fire detector satisfies a predetermined deterioration warning condition ,
The control unit changes the deterioration alarm condition to a higher level when a deterioration abnormality is determined based on the degree of deterioration of the fire detector but no non-fire alarm is output, and changes the deterioration alarm condition to a lower level when frequent non-fire alarms are generated without determining the deterioration abnormality .
The disaster prevention system according to claim 1,
A disaster prevention system characterized in that the detector control unit outputs information regarding deterioration of the fire detector in response to a predetermined measurement instruction signal from the control unit.
The disaster prevention system according to claim 1 or 2,
A disaster prevention system characterized in that the testing unit receives a specified test signal from the control unit, performs the specified test of the fire detector, and outputs the result of the specified test in response to the specified test signal.

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