JP4463113B2 - 電気外科手術用発生器 - Google Patents
電気外科手術用発生器 Download PDFInfo
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Description
ように構成することによって、出力段は、それが起こる前にディセーブルされる可能性がある。一般に、保護回路は、RF電力デバイスを通過する電流が、短絡の結果として定格最大電流まで上昇する前にRF電力デバイスをディセーブルするのに十分に高速に、出力ラインの両端での短絡の適用に応答する。
シタンスを含み、出力デバイスは、バーストのタイミングによって、RFエネルギーをバーストで供給するようにパルス駆動回路によってパルス駆動され、特に、各バーストの終了は、キャパシタンスに結合した電圧検知回路の出力に応答して制御される。出力段へのDC電源電圧は、好ましくは、100V以上である。供給電圧の大幅な低下を回避するために、電圧検知回路およびパルス駆動回路は、検知された電圧が、所定のレベル未満に低下する時にRFエネルギーの個々のパルスを終了するように構成され、所定のレベルは、通常、電圧が5パーセント〜20パーセントの所定のパーセンテージの値だけ低下する時にパルスの終了が起こるように設定され、所定のパーセンテージの値は、通常、出力ラインにおいて送出されるピークRF電圧が、それぞれのパルスについて、その開始値未満の、25V〜100Vの値に低下することに対応する。各パルスの間に送出されるRFエネルギーは、通常、水分を含む場での電気外科手術の場合は60ジュール、水分の無い場での電気外科手術の場合は2ジュールである。ピーク電力は、通常、少なくとも1kW、好ましくは、4kWに達する。
力ラインと、RF電力デバイスと上記1対の出力ラインの間に結合した直列共振出力ネットワークとを有し、発生器は、600/√Pオーム〜1000オームの負荷インピーダンス範囲にわたって少なくとも300Vのピーク出力電圧を維持することが可能であるように構成され、Pはワットでの定格出力電力である。定格出力電力は、国際電気標準会議(International Electrotechnical Commission standard)、IEC60601−2−2において規定されている。
利用できる。
の出力は、キャパシタンスの両端で取り出される。出力は、結合キャパシタを介して発生器の全ての出力端子に対して、また任意選択で、直列の組み合わせ体のインダクタンスとキャパシタンスの間のノードから昇圧トランスに対して取り出されてもよい。代わりに、インダクタンスの両端から出力を取り出すことが可能であるが、キャパシタの両端で出力を取り出すことには、スイッチングの過渡電流を低減する利点がある。さらなる代替法として、発生器は、その出力端子が共振出力ネットワークに接続されており、その結果、事実上、負荷は、端子に接続されると、共振組み合わせ体を形成するインダクタンスとキャパシタンスとの直列のインピーダンスとして、たとえば、インダクタンスとキャパシタンスの間に接続される。
イバ回路44のドライバデバイスの間で直列に接続される第1伝送ゲート64を制御する。
イッチング段に対する短絡を示すだけである。図3に示す比較器66は、出力ライン74で始まる変化の1〜1.5サイクル以内でこうしたインピーダンス変化を検出することが可能である。この迅速な応答、ならびに、電力mosfetおよびドライバ回路44が損傷が起こる前に遮断されることを可能にすることは、短絡中に送出されるエネルギー量が非常に小さいという効果を有する。
5Vである。
びタンク・キャパシタC1の直列の組み合わせを備える。出力は、第1結合キャパシタC2を介してタンク・キャパシタC1(スイッチングノイズを取り除く)の両端から取り出さ
れる。この第1結合キャパシタC2は、1:2の昇圧比を有する昇圧整合トランスTを介
して出力(端子74で表す)に結合する。トランスTの2次巻き線は、第2結合キャパシタC3を介して出力端子に結合する。この実施形態では、L 1 は約0.47μHであり、タンク・キャパシタは約10nFであり、2つの結合キャパシタC2およびC3(両者のうちの一方はトランスTを介する)は、協働して、約23nFの結合キャパシタンスが形成される。
しく高いインピーダンスで本来起こることである。図9を参照すると、共振における、直列同調式ネットワークの負荷曲線(すなわち、送出された電力対負荷インピーダンス)が、点線の曲線Aで示される。ネットワーク80は、最小の電力送出を有し、最小の電力送出は、約200オームの端子74(図7および図8)の両端の負荷インピーダンスにおける「整合状態」とみなされてもよい。負の傾きを有する曲線Aの一部は、その長さの大部分にわたってほぼ双曲線である経路に追随し、これは、曲線のこの部分が、図9のグラフ上で、一定電圧ラインと同じ形状であることを意味する。
される電力は低下するであろう。実際、VCO40A(図7)を収容する位相ロックループの自走出力周波数は、この最大周波数であるように設計される。これによって、出力ネットワークが、負荷のインピーダンスより大きな信号源インピーダンスを常に示し、短絡の場合に過度の電圧からの保護が可能となることが確実になる。
規定する。先に言及した初期期間は、負荷インピーダンスが増加し、供給レール電圧は1つまたは複数のスイッチング閾値を超えたままであるように、電極が、「点弧」した時、換言すれば、気化およびアーク放電が始まった時に終了する。こうして、電極表面が許容不可能なほど腐食することなく、20オームもの小さなインピーダンスでの電極の周囲の導電性液体の気化を達成することが可能である。
[その他]
本発明は、一実施の形態において、次に示す論理の構成を採ることができる。
(1)組織を切断するか気化させるための電気外科手術器具に無線周波数(RF)電力を供給する電気外科手術用発生器であって、
少なくとも1つのRF電力デバイスと、
RF電力を前記器具に送出するための少なくとも1対の出力ラインと、
前記RF電力デバイスと前記1対の出力ラインとの間に結合した直列共振出力ネットワークとを有するRF出力段を備え、
前記出力ラインにおける前記出力段の出力インピーダンスは200/√Pオーム未満であり、Pはワット単位の発生器の最大連続RF出力電力であり、
出力電流過負荷を示す所定の電気的条件に応答して、前記出力ネットワークに供給される前記RF電力を実質的に遮断するための保護回路をさらに備える電気外科手術用発生器。
(2)前記出力ラインの両端における短絡の適用に応答する保護回路をさらに備え、前記直列共振出力ネットワークは、前記短絡が適用される時の前記出力ラインにおける出力電流の上昇率が、(√P)/4アンペア/マイクロ秒未満であるようになっている、(1)に記載の発生器。
(3)前記出力ラインの両端における短絡の適用に応答する保護回路をさらに備え、前記保護回路は、前記RF電力デバイスを通過する電流が、前記短絡の結果として定格最大電流まで上昇する前に前記RF電力デバイスをディセーブルするのに十分に高速に、前記短絡に応答する、(1)に記載の発生器。
(4)前記電力デバイスは、前記出力ラインに対する前記短絡の適用に応答してディセーブルされ、該ディセーブルすることは、前記送出されたRF電力の3RFサイクル未満に対応する期間内で起こる、(3)に記載の発生器。
(5)前記所定の電気的条件は、所定のレベルを超える出力段の瞬時電流を示し、前記保護回路の応答速度は、前記瞬時電流が前記レベルを超えるRFサイクル内で前記条件が検出されるようになっている、(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の発生器。
(6)前記RF出力段に結合した電源段であって、1つまたは複数の前記電力デバイスに電力を供給するための電荷蓄積素子と、該電荷蓄積素子によって前記RF出力段に供給される電圧を検知するように構成される電圧検知回路とを含む、電源段をさらに備え、
1つまたは複数の前記電力デバイスをパルス駆動するための、前記電圧検知回路に結合したパルス駆動回路であって、前記電圧検知回路および前記パルス駆動回路の構成は、前記パルスのタイミングが前記検知された電圧に応答して制御されるようになっている、(1)〜(5)のいずれかに記載の発生器。
(7)前記電圧検知回路および前記パルス駆動回路は、前記検知された電圧が所定のレベル未満に低下すると、1つまたは複数の前記電力デバイスにより送出されるRFエネルギーの個々のパルスを終了するように構成される、(6)に記載の発生器。
(8)前記所定のレベルは、前記電圧が5パーセント〜20パーセントの所定のパーセンテージの値だけ低下すると、前記パルスの終了が起こるように設定される、(7)に記載の発生器。
(9)前記所定のレベルは、前記出力ラインで送出されたピークRF電圧が、前記パルスそれぞれについて、その開始値未満の25V〜100Vの値に低下した時に、パルスの終了が起こるように設定されている、(6)または(7)に記載の発生器。
(10)前記電源段および前記パルス駆動回路は、前記出力端子でパルス状RF出力信号を生成するように構成され、前記信号は、少なくとも1Aのピーク電流、少なくとも3
00Vの同時ピーク電圧、5Hz〜2kHzの変調レート、および100μs〜5msのパルス長を有する、(6)〜(9)のいずれかに記載の発生器。
(11)前記パルス長は0.5ms〜5msである、(10)に記載の発生器。
(12)前記パルスデューティサイクルは1%〜20%である、(10)または(11)に記載の発生器。
(13)前記電源段および前記パルス駆動回路は、前記出力端子においてパルス状RF出力信号を生成するように構成され、前記信号は、前記パルス長全体にわたって少なくとも300Vのピーク電圧を有する、(10)〜(12)のいずれかに記載の発生器。
(14)前記電源段および前記パルス駆動回路は、初期期間において、前記出力端子でパルス状r.f.出力信号を生成するように構成され、前記信号は、少なくとも1Aのピーク電流、少なくとも300Vの同時ピーク電圧、5Hz〜2kHzの変調レート、および100μs〜5msのパルス長を有し、その後の期間において、前記出力端子で定電力r.f.出力信号を生成するように構成される、(10)〜(13)のいずれかに記載の発生器。
(15)水分を含む場での電気外科手術において組織を切断するか気化させるための電気外科手術器具に無線周波数(RF)電力を供給するためのものであり、前記出力ラインにおける前記出力段の出力インピーダンスは10オーム未満である、(1)〜(14)のいずれかに記載の発生器。
(16)水分の無い場での電気外科手術において組織を切断するか気化させるための電気外科手術器具に無線周波数(RF)電力を供給するためのものであり、前記出力ラインにおける前記出力段の出力インピーダンスは50オーム未満である、(1)〜(14)のいずれかに記載の発生器。
Claims (6)
- 組織を切断するか気化させるための電気外科手術器具に無線周波数(RF)電力を供給する電気外科手術用発生器であって、
少なくとも1つのRF電力デバイスと、
RF電力を前記器具に送出するための少なくとも1対の出力ラインと、
前記RF電力デバイスと前記1対の出力ラインとの間に結合した直列共振出力ネットワークとを有するRF出力段を備え、
前記出力ラインにおける前記出力段の出力インピーダンスは200/√Pオーム未満であり、Pはワット単位の発生器の最大連続RF出力電力であり、
出力電流過負荷を示す所定の電気的条件に応答して、前記出力ネットワークに供給される前記RF電力を実質的に遮断するための保護回路をさらに備える電気外科手術用発生器。 - 前記出力ラインの両端における短絡の適用に応答する保護回路をさらに備え、前記直列共振出力ネットワークは、前記短絡が適用される時の前記出力ラインにおける出力電流の上昇率が、(√P)/4アンペア/マイクロ秒未満であるようになっている、請求項1に記載の発生器。
- 前記出力ラインの両端における短絡の適用に応答する保護回路をさらに備え、前記保護回路は、前記RF電力デバイスを通過する電流が、前記短絡の結果として定格最大電流まで上昇する前に前記RF電力デバイスをディセーブルするのに十分に高速に、前記短絡に応答する、請求項1に記載の発生器。
- 前記電力デバイスは、前記出力ラインに対する前記短絡の適用に応答してディセーブルされ、該ディセーブルすることは、前記送出されたRF電力の3RFサイクル未満に対応する期間内で起こる、請求項3に記載の発生器。
- 前記所定の電気的条件は、所定のレベルを超える出力段の瞬時電流を示し、
前記保護回路は、前記条件が、前記瞬時電流が前記所定のレベルを超える間に送出されたRF電力のRFサイクル内に検出されるように、前記所定のレベルを超える出力段における前記瞬時電流に対して十分に高速に応答する、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の発生器。 - 前記RF出力段に結合した電源段であって、1つまたは複数の前記電力デバイスに電力を供給するための電荷蓄積素子と、該電荷蓄積素子によって前記RF出力段に供給される電圧を検知するように構成される電圧検知回路とを含む、電源段をさらに備え、
1つまたは複数の前記電力デバイスをパルス駆動するための、前記電圧検知回路に結合したパルス駆動回路であって、前記電圧検知回路および前記パルス駆動回路の構成は、前記パルスのタイミングが前記検知された電圧に応答して制御されるようになっている、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の発生器。
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GB0300508A GB0300508D0 (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2003-01-09 | An electrosurgical generator |
GB0317728A GB0317728D0 (en) | 2003-07-29 | 2003-07-29 | An electrosurgical generator |
PCT/GB2003/005585 WO2004062516A1 (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2003-12-19 | An electrosurgical generator |
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2003
- 2003-12-19 WO PCT/GB2003/005585 patent/WO2004062516A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-12-19 ES ES03782660T patent/ES2286487T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-19 CN CNB2003801085100A patent/CN1323649C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-19 CA CA2512904A patent/CA2512904C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-19 EP EP07002990A patent/EP1782741A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-12-19 DE DE60314184T patent/DE60314184T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-19 AT AT03782660T patent/ATE363236T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-12-19 EP EP03782660A patent/EP1581128B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-19 AU AU2003290301A patent/AU2003290301B2/en not_active Expired
- 2003-12-19 JP JP2004566158A patent/JP4463113B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-23 US US10/743,095 patent/US7211081B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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EP1581128B1 (en) | 2007-05-30 |
CN1323649C (zh) | 2007-07-04 |
CA2512904A1 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
DE60314184D1 (de) | 2007-07-12 |
WO2004062516A1 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
ATE363236T1 (de) | 2007-06-15 |
CN1735383A (zh) | 2006-02-15 |
US7717910B2 (en) | 2010-05-18 |
EP1782741A2 (en) | 2007-05-09 |
AU2003290301B2 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
US7211081B2 (en) | 2007-05-01 |
CA2512904C (en) | 2011-06-14 |
DE60314184T2 (de) | 2008-01-24 |
ES2286487T3 (es) | 2007-12-01 |
US20070173808A1 (en) | 2007-07-26 |
AU2003290301A1 (en) | 2004-08-10 |
EP1782741A3 (en) | 2008-11-05 |
EP1581128A1 (en) | 2005-10-05 |
JP2006512959A (ja) | 2006-04-20 |
US20040138654A1 (en) | 2004-07-15 |
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