JP3216415B2 - Heated mirror - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heater with a heater which is preferably used for bathroom mirrors, vehicle door mirrors and the like, and which removes water droplets, raindrops, dew, ice, etc. for anti-fog or on the mirror surface. About the mirror.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When a vehicle travels during rainfall or snowfall in a cold region, water drops adhere to the rearview mirror or the like and freeze, so that the visibility behind the vehicle becomes insufficient and traveling safety is impaired. Various mirrors have been proposed that can be heated to remove water droplets, ice, and the like adhering to the mirror surface by heating them for the purpose of preventing such problems.

For example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-28937 discloses a vehicle back in which a heat equalizing plate having a high thermal conductivity is disposed in close contact with the back surface of a head plate, and a heating element is joined to the back surface of the heat equalizing plate. A mirror is disclosed. 62-33
Japanese Patent Publication No. 648 discloses a mirror with a heater in which a flat heater is fixed to the back surface of a mirror main body, and the pattern of the heater is made closer at the periphery of the mirror than at the center. Further, Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 4-102599 discloses a planar heating element for a mirror in which a heating region is divided into a plurality of regions by electrodes.

[0004] In the above-mentioned mirror or the planar heating element for a mirror, an electric heating substrate on which a complicated heating resistor pattern or a complicated electrode pattern is formed in order to uniformly heat the entire surface of the mirror so that a good view can be obtained. A method such as fixation to the back surface of the mirror substrate has been adopted. However, in the method using an electric heating substrate separate from the mirror substrate, a complicated heating resistor pattern and an electrode pattern must be designed and manufactured, and there is a problem that the cost is increased. Further, since the mirror substrate is heated by heat conduction from the separate electric heating substrate, there is a problem that thermal efficiency is poor and it takes a long time to remove water droplets and the like. Therefore, as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-13872, a mirror with a heater in which a reflecting film and a heating resistor are formed on the surface of a mirror substrate and an overcoat layer for insulation is provided on the surface of the reflecting film and the heating resistor. Has been proposed.

[0005]

However, when the reflection film and the heating resistor are formed on the surface of the mirror substrate, the thermal efficiency is improved, but only the center of the mirror easily rises in temperature.
It takes a long time to remove water droplets and the like at the end. Further, in order to heat the entire surface of the mirror, each electrode wire is provided in the vicinity of the peripheral portion of the mirror substrate. In particular, a door mirror for a vehicle is not a circular or rectangular shape as a mirror substrate. The one having a small inner angle portion (narrow angle portion) and a larger portion (wide angle portion) formed by the outer edge of the mirror substrate, such as a substantially parallelogram, a substantially trapezoid, a substantially elliptical shape, or a substantially diamond shape, is used. Therefore, the electrode wire extends in both directions of the narrow-angle portion and the wide-angle portion. In such a case, especially in the vicinity of the narrow-angle portion, it is difficult to heat, and in order to quickly remove water droplets and the like in the narrow-angle portion, a large amount of power must be supplied, which is not only inefficient, but also in the center. Overheating of the part may also cause disasters such as burns and deformation of the peripheral parts such as the resin holder and burns due to human contact.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and comprises a reflection film and a heating resistor film on a mirror substrate having a narrow angle portion and a wide angle portion. In a mirror with a heater in which a reflective film and a heating resistor film are formed, and an electrode for energizing and heating the heating resistor film is provided , at least one of the electrodes has one end in a narrow-angle portion,
End is positioned such that the angle section, of the electrode horizontally,
The gist of the present invention is a mirror with a heater, wherein the voltage drop at the end of the electrode wire on the narrow angle side of the mirror substrate with respect to the feeding point is made smaller than the voltage drop at the end of the electrode wire on the wide angle side.

FIG. 1 is a schematic rear perspective view of a mirror with a heater used in a vehicle door mirror according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view thereof. Reference numeral 1 denotes a substantially parallelogram-shaped mirror substrate made of a transparent material such as glass.
Mirror substrate 1 Small inner angle part (narrow angle part) 1 formed by outer edge
b, 1c and larger portions (wide-angle portions) 1a, 1d. On the back surface of the mirror substrate 1, a reflection film / heating resistor film 2 is formed. The reflection film / heat generating resistor film 2 is formed by sputtering or vacuum deposition of a film of titanium, chromium, nichrome, or the like. The reflection film / heating resistor film 2 may have a configuration other than the case where the film formed on the back surface of the mirror substrate 1 serves as both the reflection film and the heating resistor film as in the present embodiment. .
For example, a multi-layered film is formed, and each film has a function as a reflection film and a function as a heating resistor film, or an insulating layer is formed between the reflection film and the heating resistor film. However, a member formed so as not to be electrically connected can also be employed. When a multi-layer film is formed, the first layer is made of aluminum, chromium, nickel, a nichrome-based alloy, nickel-
Using phosphorus or the like, formed by a sputtering method, a vacuum evaporation method, a plating method, or the like, and the second layer is formed of titanium,
Titanium silicide, chromium silicide, tantalum nitride,
It can be formed by a sputtering method, a vacuum evaporation method, a plating method, or the like using titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, niobium boride, an iron-chromium-aluminum-based alloy, or the like. When the reflective film and the heating resistor film are formed separately, the reflective film is made of aluminum, chromium, nickel, a nichrome-based alloy, nickel-phosphorus, or the like, and is formed by a sputtering method, a vacuum evaporation method, a plating method, or the like. The insulating layer is made of silica, and the heating resistor film is made of titanium, titanium silicide, chromium silicide, tantalum nitride, titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, niobium boride, iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, or the like. It can be formed by a sputtering method, a vacuum evaporation method, a plating method, or the like.

Further, on the back surface of the reflecting film / heating resistor film 2, the mirror substrate 1 extends in both directions of a narrow-angle portion and a wide-angle portion for supplying electricity to the reflecting film / heating resistor film 2. An electrode composed of a pair of opposed electrode lines 3a and 3b is provided. The opposed electrode wires 3a and 3b are provided such that the interval between the electrodes near the end is smaller than the electrode between the central portion so that the mirror can be heated at the end. In the electrode wire 3a, E1 is the end of the electrode wire on the narrow-angle portion 1b side of the mirror substrate 1, and E2 is the end of the electrode wire on the wide-angle portion 1a of the mirror substrate 1. In the electrode wire 3b, E3 is the end of the electrode wire on the narrow angle portion 1c side of the mirror substrate 1, and E4 is the end of the electrode wire on the wide angle portion 1d side of the mirror substrate 1. The electrode wires 3a and 3b can be formed by various methods. For example, a thin layer of copper or silver is formed using a copper or silver paste, solder is applied thereon, or a thin layer of nickel is formed by nickel plating. Further, in order to uniformly heat the entire surface of the mirror, an electrode having a non-uniform resistance value depending on the location may be used by changing the material, width, thickness, etc. of the electrode wire. In addition, the mirror back surface is electrically insulated and has a low Young's modulus resin that does not crack due to temperature changes.
It is coated with an insulating material 4 such as rubber. Reference numeral 5 denotes the electrode lines 3a and 3b and a power supply circuit (not shown).
Are connected by soldering or the like.
A1 and A2 are feeding points of the respective electrode wires. still,
The number of feeding points in the electrode wire may be plural.

In the electrode wires 3a and 3b, a feeding point A
The voltage drops at the narrow-angle portions 1b and 1c side electrode wire ends E1 and E3 of the mirror substrate 1 with respect to the wide-angle portions 1a and 1
In order to reduce the voltage drop at the ends E2 and E4 of the d-side electrode wires, for example, the installation positions of the feeding points A1 and A2 in the electrode wires 3a and 3b are set to be narrower than the center of the electrode wires 3a and 3b. , The narrower portion 1 than the feeding points A1 and A2
The electrode wires on the b and 1c sides are wider or thicker than the electrode wires on the wide-angle portions 1a and 1d, and the electrode wires on the narrow-angle portions 1b and 1c from the feeding points A1 and A2 are connected on the wide-angle portion sides 1a and 1d. This can be achieved by forming the material with a lower resistance value than the electrode wire.

[0010]

In the mirror with a heater according to the present invention, uniform heating can be performed on the entire surface including the mirror substrate narrow-angle portion under desired temperature control because it is applied to the narrow-angle portion which has conventionally been difficult to be heated. This is because, by making the applied voltage substantially higher than the voltage applied to the wide-angle portion, heat generation is promoted, and the entire mirror substrate can be efficiently heated.

[0011]

The present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to examples. Example 1 In the vehicle door mirror shown in FIG. 1, a titanium film was formed on a glass mirror substrate 1 by a sputtering method.
The reflective film / heat generating resistor film 2 is formed to a thickness of 5 μm, and a thin copper layer having a uniform resistance value is formed as an electrode 3 by a screen printing method using a copper paste.
The lead wire 5 was connected to the feeding points A1 and A2 set closer to the narrow corners 1b and 1c than the middle point of b, thereby manufacturing a mirror with a heater. When a voltage of 12 V DC was applied between the feeding points A1 and A2, a current of 2.3 A flowed. At this time,
Feeding point A1-Narrow-angle-side electrode wire end E1, Feeding point A1-Wide-angle-side electrode wire end E2, Feeding point A2-Narrow-angle-side electrode wire end E3, Feeding point A2-Wide-angle side electrode wire The voltage drops between the ends E4 are 0.35V, 0.72V, 0.34V, respectively.
At V and 0.75 V, the voltage drop at the end of the electrode wire on the narrow-angle side of the mirror substrate with respect to the feeding point was smaller than that at the end of the electrode wire on the wide-angle side and was 50% or less. When the heating of the mirror with heater was controlled by a thermostat, the temperature of the mirror surface could be controlled as set within the range of 45 to 65 ° C., although the temperature near the narrow-angle portion of the mirror substrate was slightly lowered.

Embodiment 2 In the mirror with heater of the embodiment 1, the feeding points A1, A
A mirror with a heater was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that No. 2 was provided on the mirror substrate at a narrower angle side than in Example 1. The DC voltage is applied between the feeding points A1 and A2 of the mirror with heater.
When a voltage of 12 V was applied, a current of 2.2 A flowed. At this time, the feeding point A1-the narrow-angle-side electrode wire end E1;
The voltage drops between the feeding point A1-the wide-angle-side electrode wire end E2, the feeding point A2-the narrow-angle-side electrode wire end E3, and the voltage drop between the feeding point A2-the wide-angle side electrode wire end E4 are 0.21 V, respectively. 1.1
At V, 0.22 V, and 1.2 V, the voltage drop at the end of the narrow-angle side electrode wire of the mirror substrate with respect to the feeding point was smaller than that at the end of the wide-angle side electrode wire, and was 20% or less. When the heating of the mirror with the heater was controlled by the thermostat, the temperature of the mirror surface including the vicinity of the narrow angle portion of the mirror substrate could be controlled as set within the range of 50 to 65 ° C.

Embodiment 3 In the mirror with a heater of Embodiment 2, feed points A1 and A1
A mirror with a heater was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that No. 2 was further provided near the narrow angle portion of the mirror substrate than in Example 2. D is set between the feeding points A1 and A2 of the mirror with heater.
When a voltage of C12 V was applied, a current of 2.1 A flowed. At this time, the feeding point A1-the narrow-angle-side electrode wire end E1;
The voltage drop between the feeding point A1-the wide-angle-side electrode wire end E2, the feeding point A2-the narrow-angle-side electrode wire end E3, and the voltage drop between the feeding point A2-the wide-angle side electrode wire end E4 is 0.12 V, respectively. 1.3
At V, 0.13 V, and 1.3 V, the voltage drop at the end of the narrow-angle side electrode wire of the mirror substrate with respect to the feeding point was smaller than that of the end of the wide-angle side electrode wire, and was 10% or less. When the heating of the mirror with a heater was controlled by a thermostat, the temperature of the mirror surface including the vicinity of the narrow angle portion of the mirror substrate could be controlled as set within a range of 50 to 60 ° C.

Example 4 In the mirror with heater of Example 1, the titanium film was added to a thickness of 0.1 mm.
A mirror with a heater was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness was set to 1 μm and the electrodes were formed by a silver paste layer having a uniform resistance value by a screen printing method using silver paste. When a voltage of 12 V DC was applied between power supply points A1 and A2 of the mirror with a heater, a current of 4.1 A flowed. At this time, the feeding point A1-the narrow-angle-portion-side electrode wire end E1 and the feeding point A1
The voltage drops between the wide-angle-side electrode wire end E2, the feeding point A2, the narrow-angle-side electrode wire end E3, and the feeding point A2-the wide-angle-side electrode wire end E4 are 0.11 V and 0.74 V, respectively. , 0.1
At 0 V and 0.67 V, the voltage drop at the end of the narrow-angle-side electrode wire of the mirror substrate with respect to the feeding point was smaller than that at the end of the wide-angle-side electrode wire, and was 15% or less. When the heating of the mirror with heater was controlled by a thermostat, the temperature of the mirror surface including the vicinity of the narrow angle portion of the mirror substrate was reduced by 50%.
Control could be performed within the range of ~ 65 ° C as set.

Fifth Embodiment In the mirror with heater of the fourth embodiment, feeding points A1, A
A mirror with a heater was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that No. 2 was further provided near the narrow angle portion of the mirror substrate than in Example 4. D is set between the feeding points A1 and A2 of the mirror with heater.
When a voltage of C12 V was applied, a current of 4.0 A flowed. At this time, the feeding point A1-the narrow-angle-side electrode wire end E1;
The voltage drops between the feeding point A1-the wide-angle-side electrode wire end E2, the feeding point A2-the narrow-angle-side electrode wire end E3, and the voltage drop between the feeding point A2-the wide-angle side electrode wire end E4 are 0.04 V, respectively. 0.87
At V, 0.03 V, and 0.92 V, the voltage drop at the end of the narrow-angle-side electrode wire of the mirror substrate with respect to the feeding point was smaller than that at the end of the wide-angle-side electrode wire, and was 5% or less. When the heating of the mirror with the heater was controlled by the thermostat, the temperature of the mirror surface including the vicinity of the narrow angle portion of the mirror mirror substrate could be controlled as set within the range of 50 to 60 ° C.

Embodiment 6 In the mirror with heater of Embodiment 1, the feeding points A1, A
A mirror with a heater was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that No. 2 was provided at the end of the electrode wire on the narrow angle side. When a voltage of 12 V DC was applied between the feeding points A1 and A2 of the mirror with heater, a current of 2.0 A flowed. At this time, the feeding point A1-the narrow-angle side electrode wire end E1, the feeding point A1-the wide-angle side electrode wire end E2, the feeding point A2-the narrow-angle side electrode wire end E1.
3. The voltage drops between the feeding point A2 and the wide-angle-side electrode wire end E4 are 0 V, 1.3 V, 0 V, and 1.3 V, respectively. The voltage drop was 0%, smaller than that at the end of the wide-angle-side electrode wire. When the heating of the mirror with heater was controlled by a thermostat,
The temperature of the mirror surface could be controlled as set within the range of 50 to 60 ° C.

Example 7 In the mirror with heater of Example 1, a nichrome film was formed to a thickness of 0.2 μm by a sputtering method as a reflecting film and a heating resistor film, and a silver thin layer was formed as an electrode by a screen printing method of silver paste. Except that a thin silver layer is further formed thicker on the side of the mirror substrate at the narrow angle portion than the center thereof, and the center point of each electrode wire (the boundary between the thicker and thinner portions of the silver thin layer) is used as a feeding point. In the same manner as in Example 1, a mirror with a heater was manufactured. Feeding point A1 of this mirror with heater
When a voltage of DC12V is applied between -A2 and 3.5A
Current flowed. At this time, the feeding point A1-the narrow-angle-portion-side electrode wire end E1, the feeding point A1-the wide-angle-portion-side electrode wire end E2, the feeding point A2-the narrow-angle-portion-side electrode wire end E3, and the feeding point A2-the wide-angle portion The voltage drop between the side electrode wire ends E4 is 0.05
At V, 0.65 V, 0.06 V, and 0.63 V, the voltage drop at the narrow-angle-side electrode wire end of the mirror substrate with respect to the feeding point is smaller than that at the wide-angle-side electrode wire end, and is 10% or less. Met. When the heating of the mirror with heater was controlled by a thermostat,
The temperature of the mirror surface could be controlled as set within the range of 50 to 60 ° C.

Example 8 In the vehicle door mirror shown in FIG. 3, a Nichrome film and a titanium film are sequentially formed on a glass mirror mirror substrate 1 in a thickness of 0.05 μm by sputtering to form a reflection film and a heating resistor film 2. And, further, a thin layer consisting of a two-layer structure of silver and copper by a screen printing method of silver and copper paste,
The portion of the mirror substrate 1 extending toward the narrow-angle portions 1b and 1c is formed to be wider than the portion extending toward the wide-angle portions 1a and 1d. The lead wire 5 was connected to the feeding points A1 and A2 set near the narrow corners 1b and 1c to manufacture a mirror with a heater. When a voltage of 12 V DC was applied between the feeding points A1 and A2, a current of 2.7 A flowed. At this time, the feeding point A1-the narrow-angle-portion-side electrode wire end E1, the feeding point A1-the wide-angle-portion-side electrode wire end E2, the feeding point A2-the narrow-angle-portion-side electrode wire end E3, and the feeding point A2-the wide-angle portion The voltage drops between the side electrode wire ends E4 are 0.05 V, 0.17 V, 0.05 V, and 0.19 V, respectively.
Thus, the voltage drop at the end of the narrow-angle side electrode wire of the mirror substrate with respect to the feeding point is smaller than that at the end of the wide-angle side electrode wire, and is 30
% Or less. When the heating of the mirror with heater was controlled by a thermostat, the temperature near the narrow-angle portion of the mirror substrate was slightly lowered, but the temperature of the mirror surface was 45 to 45.
Control could be performed within the range of 60 ° C. as set.

Embodiment 9 In the vehicle door mirror shown in FIG. 4, a titanium film is formed to a thickness of 0.1 μm on a substantially elliptical glass mirror substrate 1 by a sputtering method to form a reflection film and a heating resistor film 2.
Further, a thin layer having a two-layer structure of silver and copper having a uniform resistance value is formed as an electrode 3 by a screen printing method of silver and copper paste, and a narrower portion 1b is formed from a middle point between the electrode wires 3a and 3b of the electrode 3. The lead wire 5 was connected to the feeding points A1 and A2 set closer to 1c to produce a mirror with a heater. When a voltage of 12 V DC was applied between the feeding points A1 and A2, a current of 3.1 A flowed. At this time, the feeding point A1-the narrow-angle-portion-side electrode wire end E1, the feeding point A1-the wide-angle-portion-side electrode wire end E2, the feeding point A2-the narrow-angle-portion-side electrode wire end E3, and the feeding point A2-the wide-angle portion The voltage drops between the side electrode line ends E4 are 0.08 V, 0.57 V, 0.08 V, and 0.55 V, respectively.
Thus, the voltage drop at the end of the narrow-angle-side electrode wire of the mirror substrate with respect to the feeding point is smaller than that at the end of the wide-angle-portion-side electrode wire.
% Or less. When the heating of the mirror with the heater was controlled by the thermostat, the temperature of the mirror surface including the vicinity of the narrow angle portion of the mirror substrate could be controlled as set within the range of 50 to 65 ° C.

Embodiment 10 In the vehicle door mirror shown in FIG. 5, a titanium film is formed to a thickness of 0.1 μm on a substantially trapezoidal glass mirror substrate 1 by a sputtering method to form a reflection film and a heating resistor film 2.
Further, a thin layer having a two-layer structure of silver and copper having a uniform resistance value is formed as an electrode 3 by a screen printing method of silver and copper paste, and a narrower portion 1b is formed from a middle point between the electrode wires 3a and 3b of the electrode 3. The lead wire 5 was connected to the feeding points A1 and A2 set closer to 1c to produce a mirror with a heater. When a voltage of 12 V DC was applied between the feeding points A1 and A2, a current of 4.5 A flowed. At this time, the feeding point A1-the narrow-angle-portion-side electrode wire end E1, the feeding point A1-the wide-angle-portion-side electrode wire end E2, the feeding point A2-the narrow-angle-portion-side electrode wire end E3, and the feeding point A2-the wide-angle portion The voltage drops between the side electrode wire ends E4 are 0.11 V, 0.94 V, 0.13 V, and 0.87 V, respectively.
Thus, the voltage drop at the end of the narrow-angle-side electrode wire of the mirror substrate with respect to the feeding point is smaller than that at the end of the wide-angle-portion-side electrode wire.
% Or less. When the heating of the mirror with a heater was controlled by a thermostat, the temperature of the mirror surface including the vicinity of the narrow angle portion of the mirror substrate could be controlled as set within a range of 50 to 60 ° C.

Embodiment 11 In the vehicle door mirror shown in FIG. 6, a titanium film is formed to a thickness of 0.1 μm by sputtering on a substantially trapezoidal glass mirror substrate 1 having only one oblique side to form a reflection film and a heating resistor film. 2, and a thin layer having a two-layer structure of silver and copper having a uniform resistance value is formed as the electrode 3 by a screen printing method of silver and copper paste.
The lead wire 5 was connected to the feeding points A1 and A2 set closer to the narrow corners 1b and 1c than the middle point of b, thereby manufacturing a mirror with a heater. When a voltage of 12 V DC was applied between the feeding points A1 and A2, a current of 4.3 A flowed. At this time,
Feeding point A1-Narrow-angle-side electrode wire end E1, Feeding point A1-Wide-angle-side electrode wire end E2, Feeding point A2-Narrow-angle-side electrode wire end E3, Feeding point A2-Wide-angle side electrode wire The voltage drops between the ends E4 are 0.17V, 0.88V, 0.15V, respectively.
At 0.90 V, the voltage drop at the end of the electrode wire on the narrow angle side of the mirror substrate with respect to the feeding point was smaller than that at the end of the electrode wire on the wide angle side, and was 20% or less. When the heating of the mirror with a heater was controlled by a thermostat, the temperature of the mirror surface including the vicinity of the narrow angle portion of the mirror substrate was set to 50 to 50.
Control could be performed within the range of 60 ° C. as set.

Embodiment 12 In the vehicle door mirror shown in FIG. 7, a titanium film is formed to a thickness of 0.1 μm by a sputtering method on a substantially trapezoidal glass mirror substrate 1 having an oblique side only on one side to form a reflection film and a heating resistor film. 2, a thin layer having a two-layer structure of silver and copper having a uniform resistance value is formed as an electrode 3 on the oblique side of the mirror substrate 1 and the side opposite to the oblique side by screen printing of silver and copper paste. a feeding point A1 set in the narrow angle portion 1 b closer than the intermediate point of the electrode line 3a of the electrode 3, the electrode wires 3
The lead wire 5 was connected to the feeding point A2 provided at the center of b (the voltage drop between A2-E0 and the voltage drop between A2-E00 at the middle point in terms of potential) to manufacture a mirror with heater. . When a voltage of 12 V DC was applied between the feeding points A1 and A2, a current of 3.1 A flowed. At this time, between the feeding point A1-the narrow-angle-portion-side electrode wire end E1, the feeding point A1-the wide-angle-portion-side electrode wire end E2, the feeding point A2-the electrode wire end E0, and the feeding point A2-the electrode wire end E00. Are 0.05V, 0.51V, 0.26V and 0.26V, respectively.
The voltage drop at the end of the electrode wire on the narrow angle side of the mirror substrate with respect to the feeding point was smaller than that at the end of the electrode wire on the wide angle side, and was 10% or less. When the heating of the mirror with the heater was controlled by the thermostat, the temperature of the mirror surface including the vicinity of the narrow angle portion of the mirror substrate could be controlled as set within the range of 50 to 65 ° C.

Embodiment 13 In the vehicle door mirror shown in FIG. 8, a chromium film and a titanium film are sequentially formed on a glass mirror substrate 1 by a sputtering method so as to have a thickness of 0.02 μm and 0.03 μm, respectively. The body film 2 is formed, and a thin layer having a two-layer structure of silver and copper is formed as an electrode 3 by a screen printing method of silver and copper paste.
The lead wire 5 was connected to the feeding points A1, A3 and A2, A4 set at a and 3b to produce a mirror with a heater. When a voltage of 12 V DC was applied between the feeding points A1, A3-A2, and A4 of the mirror with a heater, a current of 4.2 A flowed. At this time, the feeding point A1-the narrow-angle-portion-side electrode wire end E
1, feeding point A3-wide-angle-side electrode wire end E2, feeding point A2
The voltage drops between the narrow-angle-side electrode wire end E3 and the feeding point A4-the wide-angle-side electrode wire end E4 are 0.15 V and 0.
At 82 V, 0.14 V, and 0.81 V, the voltage drop at the end of the narrow-angle-side electrode wire of the mirror substrate with respect to the feeding point was smaller than that at the end of the wide-angle-side electrode wire, and was 20% or less. When the heating of the mirror with the heater was controlled by the thermostat, the temperature of the mirror surface including the vicinity of the narrow angle portion of the mirror substrate could be controlled as set within the range of 50 to 65 ° C.

Embodiment 14 In the vehicle door mirror shown in FIG. 9, a titanium film is formed on a glass mirror substrate 1 by a sputtering method.
The reflective film / heat generating resistor film 2 is formed to a thickness of μm, and a thin layer having a two-layer structure of silver and copper having a uniform resistance value is screen-printed with silver and copper paste to form electrode wires 3a and 3b.
The wide electrode line 3c at the center is formed as an electrode 3 by further thickening the solder, and the power supply is set closer to the narrow corners 1b and 1c than the middle point of the electrode lines 3a and 3b of the electrode 3. Connect the lead wire 5 to the points A1 and A2,
The lead wire 5 was connected to the end of the electrode wire 3c (note that since the electrode wire 3c has substantially no voltage drop, the feeding point A5 can be set at any position on the electrode wire) to produce a mirror with a heater. . Feed points A1, A2 of this mirror with heater
When a voltage of 12 V DC was applied between the capacitor and −A5, it was 4.7.
A current flowed. At this time, the feeding point A1- narrow angle portion side electrode line end E1, the feeding point A 1 - wide angle portion side electrode wire end E2,
Feeding point A2- narrow angle portion side electrode wire end E3, a feeding point A 2 - is the voltage drop between the wide angle portion side electrode wire end E4, respectively 0.2
At 1 V, 0.74 V, 0.22 V, and 0.76 V, the voltage drop at the end of the narrow-angle-side electrode wire of the mirror substrate with respect to the feeding point is:
It was smaller than that of the end of the wide-angle side electrode wire, and was 30% or less. When the heating of the mirror with a heater was controlled by a thermostat, the temperature of the mirror surface could be controlled within the range of 45 to 65 ° C. as set, although the temperature near the narrow angle portion of the mirror substrate was slightly lowered.

Embodiment 15 In the vehicle door mirror shown in FIG. 10, a titanium film was formed on a glass mirror substrate 1 by sputtering to a thickness of 0.1 mm.
The reflective film / heat generating resistor film 2 is formed to a thickness of 15 μm, and a thin layer having a two-layer structure of silver and copper having a uniform resistance value is formed as an electrode 3 by a screen printing method of silver and copper paste. The lead wire 5 was connected to the feeding points A1 and A2 set closer to the narrow corners 1b and 1c than the middle point of the third electrode wires 3a and 3b, thereby manufacturing a mirror with a heater. When a voltage of 12 V DC was applied between power supply points A1 and A2 of the mirror with a heater, a current of 3.7 A flowed. At this time,
Feeding point A1-Narrow-angle-side electrode wire end E1, Feeding point A1-Wide-angle-side electrode wire end E2, Feeding point A2-Narrow-angle-side electrode wire end E3, Feeding point A2-Wide-angle side electrode wire The voltage drops between the ends E4 are 0.11 V, 0.51 V, and 0.13 V, respectively.
At V, 0.48 V, the voltage drop at the end of the electrode wire on the narrow angle side of the mirror substrate with respect to the feeding point was smaller than that at the end of the electrode wire on the wide angle side, and was 30% or less. When the heating of the mirror with heater was controlled by a thermostat, the temperature of the mirror surface could be controlled as set within the range of 45 to 65 ° C., although the temperature near the narrow-angle portion of the mirror substrate was slightly lowered.

Example 16 In the vehicle door mirror shown in FIG. 11, a titanium film was formed on a glass mirror substrate 1 by sputtering to a thickness of 0.1 mm.
The reflective film / heat generating resistor film 2 is formed to a thickness of 2 μm, and a copper thin layer having a uniform resistance value is formed as an electrode 3 by a screen printing method using a copper paste.
The lead wire 5 was connected to the feeding points A1 and A2 set closer to the narrow corners 1b and 1c than the middle point of b, thereby manufacturing a mirror with a heater. When a voltage of 12 V DC was applied between power supply points A1 and A2 of the mirror with a heater, a current of 2.9 A flowed. At this time, the feeding point A1-the narrow-angle-portion-side electrode wire end E
1, feeding point A1-wide-angle part-side electrode wire end E2, feeding point A2
The voltage drops between the narrow-angle-side electrode wire end E3 and the feeding point A2-the wide-angle-side electrode wire end E4 are 0.46 V and 1.
At 3 V, 0.51 V, and 1.4 V, the voltage drop at the end of the narrow-angle side electrode wire of the mirror substrate with respect to the feeding point was smaller than that at the end of the wide-angle side electrode wire, and was 40% or less. When the heating of the mirror with heater was controlled by a thermostat, the temperature of the mirror surface could be controlled as set within the range of 45 to 65 ° C., although the temperature near the narrow-angle portion of the mirror substrate was slightly lowered.

Comparative Example 1 In Example 4, the electrode 3 was a thin copper layer,
A mirror with a heater was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 4 except that 1, A2 was set at an intermediate point between the electrode lines 3a, 3b of the electrode 3. Feeding point A1-A2 of this mirror with heater
When a voltage of 12 V DC was applied during that time, a current of 3.9 A flowed. At this time, the feeding point A1-the narrow-angle-portion-side electrode wire end E1, the feeding point A1-the wide-angle-portion-side electrode wire end E2, and the feeding point A
The voltage drop between the 2-electrode end E3 on the narrow-angle side and the feed point A2-the end E4 on the wide-angle side is 2.5 V and 2.
At 5 V, 2.6 V, and 2.6 V, the voltage drop at the end of the narrow-angle side electrode wire of the mirror substrate and the voltage drop at the end of the wide-angle side electrode wire with respect to the feeding point were 100%. When the heating of the mirror with the heater was controlled by a thermostat, the temperature near the narrow-angle portion of the mirror substrate was low, and the temperature of the mirror surface was 35 to 85 ° C., and could not be controlled within the set temperature range. .

Comparative Example 2 In Example 4, the electrode 3 was formed as a thin layer having a two-layer structure of silver and copper, and the feeding points A1 and A2 were set near the wide-angle portions of the electrode wires 3a and 3b of the electrode 3. A mirror with a heater was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 4 except for the above. When a voltage of 12 V DC was applied between power supply points A1 and A2 of the mirror with a heater, a current of 4.0 A flowed. At this time, the feeding point A1-the narrow-angle side electrode wire end E1, the feeding point A1-the wide-angle side electrode wire end E2, the feeding point A2-the narrow-angle side electrode wire end E1.
3. The voltage drop between the feeding point A2 and the end E4 of the wide-angle side electrode wire is 0.65V, 0.25V, 0.68V, respectively.
At 0.29 V, the voltage drop at the end of the electrode wire on the narrow-angle side of the mirror substrate with respect to the feeding point was larger than the voltage drop at the end of the electrode wire on the wide-angle side and was 200% or more. When the heating of the mirror with heater is controlled by a thermostat, it is difficult to heat the mirror substrate in the vicinity of the narrow-angle portion, and the temperature of the mirror surface becomes 30 to 95 ° C., so that the mirror cannot be controlled within the set temperature range. Was.

[0029]

The mirror with heater according to the present invention can heat a narrow angle portion of the mirror substrate, and can uniformly heat the entire mirror substrate including the narrow angle portion. Control is possible, and water droplets, ice, and the like attached to the mirror surface can be quickly removed over the entire surface. In particular, by applying a large current, it is possible to quickly remove raindrops adhered to the mirror during traveling during rainfall.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic rear perspective view of Embodiments 1 to 7 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic rear perspective view of Embodiment 8 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic rear perspective view of a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic rear perspective view of Embodiment 10 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic rear perspective view of an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic rear perspective view of Embodiment 12 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic rear perspective view of Embodiment 13 of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic rear perspective view of Embodiment 14 of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic rear perspective view of Embodiment 15 of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic rear perspective view of Embodiment 16 of the present invention;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mirror substrate 2 Reflection film and heating resistor film 3 Electrode 3a, 3b, 3c Electrode wire 4 Insulating material 5 Lead wire 1a, 1d Wide angle portion 1b, 1c Narrow angle portion A1, A2, A3, A4, A5 Feeding point E1, E3 Narrow-angle-side electrode wire end E2, E4 Wide-angle-side electrode wire end E0, E00 Electrode wire end

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B60S 1/60 B60R 1/06

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A reflection film / heating resistor film, or a reflection film and a heating resistor film, formed on a mirror substrate having a narrow-angle portion and a wide-angle portion, for heating the heating resistor film by energizing and heating. In a mirror with a heater provided with electrodes , the number of the electrodes is small.
One at the narrow end and the other at the wide end
With the heater, the voltage drop at the end of the narrow-angle-side electrode wire of the mirror substrate with respect to the feeding point in the horizontal direction of the electrode is made smaller than the voltage drop at the end of the wide-angle-side electrode wire. mirror.