DE4226973A1 - Calibrated measurement of blood vol. using finger skin reflection or transmission photoplethysmography - obtaining two calibration point signals relating to conditions with and without blood displacement from measurement area - Google Patents
Calibrated measurement of blood vol. using finger skin reflection or transmission photoplethysmography - obtaining two calibration point signals relating to conditions with and without blood displacement from measurement areaInfo
- Publication number
- DE4226973A1 DE4226973A1 DE19924226973 DE4226973A DE4226973A1 DE 4226973 A1 DE4226973 A1 DE 4226973A1 DE 19924226973 DE19924226973 DE 19924226973 DE 4226973 A DE4226973 A DE 4226973A DE 4226973 A1 DE4226973 A1 DE 4226973A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- blood
- sensor
- skin
- measuring method
- calibration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000013186 photoplethysmography Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036555 skin type Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 241000094111 Parthenolecanium persicae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004872 arterial blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003414 extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001255 hallux Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000016507 interphase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001991 pathophysiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003371 toe Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/026—Measuring blood flow
- A61B5/029—Measuring or recording blood output from the heart, e.g. minute volume
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B5/02416—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Tendentiell lassen sich Blutvolumenverschiebungen in menschlichen Extremitäten, verursacht durch aktive Bewegung, den Lagewechsel oder die arterielle Blutdruckpulsation, seit vielen Jahren mit photoplethysmographischen Verfahren durch Messung der Änderung der Lichtreflexion oder der Lichttransmission (im weiteren kurz PPG-Signal) im Gewebe nachweisen.Blood volume shifts tend to be human Extremities caused by active movement, the change of position or arterial blood pressure pulsation, with for many years photoplethysmographic method by measuring the change light reflection or light transmission (hereinafter briefly PPG signal) in the tissue.
Dabei wird bei allen bekannten photoplethysmographischen Meßein richtungen das PPG-Signal entweder in nicht vergleichbaren Ein heiten (z. B. Skalenteilen oder Volt nach der lehre von DE 31 00 610) oder bezogen auf einen Startwert in Prozent der optischen Reflexions- oder Transmissionsänderungen (DE 36 09 075, P 42 12 498) angegeben.It is used in all known photoplethysmographic measurements directions the PPG signal in either not comparable Ein units (e.g. scale divisions or volts according to the teaching of DE 31 00 610) or based on a starting value in percent of the optical Changes in reflection or transmission (DE 36 09 075, P 42 12 498).
Da jedoch der Zusammenhang zwischen dem Blutvolumen im Gewebe und dem PPG-Signal nicht linear ist und zusätzlich von Mensch zu Mensch bzw. auch von Hautgebiet zu Hautgebiet variieren kann, bedarf es eines speziellen Kalibrierverfahrens, um photoplethys mographisch die Blutvolumenänderungen bestimmen zu können.However, since the relationship between the volume of blood in the tissue and the PPG signal is not linear and also human Human or also from skin area to skin area can vary, a special calibration procedure is required to photoplethys to be able to determine the changes in blood volume graphically.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist mit ihren Weiter bildungen in den Patentansprüchen gekennzeichnet.The solution to this problem according to the invention is with its further education characterized in the claims.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend ohne Beschränkung des allgemeinen Erfindungsgedankens anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezug nahme auf die Zeichnung exemplarisch beschrieben, auf die im übrigen bezüglich der Offenbarung aller im Text nicht näher erläuterten Einzelheiten ausdrücklich verwiesen wird. Es zeigen:The invention is hereinafter described without limitation of the general The inventive concept based on exemplary embodiments with reference I took an example of the drawing described in the the rest regarding the revelation of all in the text the details explained are expressly referred to. Show it:
Fig. 1 Zusammenhang zwischen der Reflexionsänderung der Haut und der Blutvolumenänderung (optische Hautübertragungsfunkti on) für drei verschiedene Hauttypen. Fig. 1 Relationship between the change in reflection of the skin and the change in blood volume (optical skin transfer function) for three different skin types.
Fig. 2 Das Prinzip des erfindungsgemäßen 2-Punkt-Kalibrierverfah rens, dargestellt für drei verschiedene Hautübertragungs funktionen. Fig. 2 The principle of the 2-point calibration process according to the invention, shown for three different skin transfer functions.
Fig. 3 Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Meßanordnung bei der Durchfüh rung der Kalibrierung. Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of the measuring arrangement when performing calibration.
Fig. 4 Die Auswirkung der Kalibrierung; dargestellt am Beispiel des Muskelpumpen-Tests für die Venendiagnostik. Fig. 4 The effect of the calibration; shown using the example of the muscle pump test for venous diagnosis.
Fig. 5 Die Auswirkung der Kalibrierung, dargestellt am Beispiel der Umrechnung des Reflexionspulses in einen Blutvolumen puls im Rahmen der arteriellen Gefäßdiagnostik. Fig. 5 The effect of the calibration, shown using the example of the conversion of the reflection pulse into a blood volume pulse in the context of arterial vascular diagnostics.
Die Fig. 1 zeigt typische optische Übertragungsfunktionen für drei verschiedene Hauttypen. Der Zusammenhang zwischen der Haut reflexion (oder Hauttransmission) und dem Blutvolumen in der Haut ist nichtlinear. Es lädt sich nachweisen, daß die Übertragungs funktionen zwar stets den gleichen charakteristischen Verlauf haben (etwa eine Wurzelfunktion), jedoch einen unterschiedlichen Startwert und unterschiedliche Steilheit besitzen. Dies führt zwangsläufig dazu, daß die gleiche Blutvolumenänderung ΔV in den drei unterschiedlichen Hautgebieten als drei unter schiedliche Reflexionssignal-Änderungen ΔR1, ΔR2 und ΔR3 regi striert wird. Dieses Problem aller Photoplethysmographen nach dem Stande der Technik wird - wie in Fig. 2 anschaulich dargestellt - erfindungsgemäß wie folgt gelöst. FIG. 1 shows typical optical transfer functions for three different skin types. The relationship between skin reflection (or skin transmission) and blood volume in the skin is non-linear. It loads up to prove that the transfer functions always have the same characteristic course (for example a root function), but have a different starting value and different slope. This inevitably leads to the same blood volume change ΔV being registered in the three different skin areas as three different reflection signal changes ΔR1, ΔR2 and ΔR3. This problem of all prior art photoplethysmographs is - as illustrated in FIG. 2 - solved according to the invention as follows.
Nach der Befestigung des photoplethysmographischen Sensors wird zunächst der erste, für alle möglichen Hautübertragungsfunktionen gemeinsame Kalibrierpunkt (A), z. B. nach der lehre von DE 36 09 075, eingestellt. Hiermit wird das Startblutvolumen zu 1 bzw. 100 Blutvolumenprozent gesetzt. Auch das PPG-Signal wird in diesen Ruhezustand zu 1 bzw. 0 PPG-Prozent gesetzt. Nun erfolgt die Bestimmung des zweiten Kalibrierpunktes. Dabei wird der PPG- Sensor so stark auf die Haut gepreßt, bis eine maximale Reflexi onszunahme bei Blutvolumen 0 im Meßgebiet unter dem Sensor er zielt ist. Man erkennt aus Fig. 2, daß bei diesem Preßtest für verschiedene Hautübertragungsfunktionen (F1), (F2) und (F3) verschiedene Kalibrierpunkte (B), (C), oder (D) ermittelt werden. Für jede Hautübertragungsfunktion, die z. B. von der individuel len Gefäßdichte abhängig ist, werden somit 2 charakteristische Kalibrierpunkte ermittelt. Damit läßt sich die Steilheit der Funktion im Start-Arbeitspunkt (A) errechnen. Dies ist wiederum die Voraussetzung für die angestrebte Umrechnung des PPG-Signals in das Blutvolumensignal.After attaching the photoplethysmographic sensor, the first calibration point (A) common to all possible skin transfer functions, e.g. B. according to the teaching of DE 36 09 075, set. This sets the starting blood volume to 1 or 100 blood volume percent. The PPG signal is also set to 1 or 0 PPG percent in this idle state. Now the second calibration point is determined. The PPG sensor is pressed so hard on the skin until a maximum increase in reflection at 0 blood volume in the measurement area under the sensor is aimed. It can be seen from FIG. 2 that in this press test different calibration points (B), (C), or (D) are determined for different skin transfer functions (F1), (F2) and (F3). For each skin transfer function, the z. B. depends on the individual len vessel density, 2 characteristic calibration points are thus determined. This enables the slope of the function at the starting operating point (A) to be calculated. This is in turn the prerequisite for the desired conversion of the PPG signal into the blood volume signal.
Fig. 3 zeigt eine mögliche Meßanordnung bei der Durchführung der Kalibrierung. Der PPG-Sensor (S) ist in diesem Fall an der Spitze des Fingers (FI) befestigt und über eine Leitung (L1) an den Blutvolumenmonitor (M) angeschlossen. Die vorzugsweise mikropro zessorgesteuerte Elektronik des Monitors (M) sorgt nun im ersten Kalibrierschritt für die Einstellung des Arbeitspunktes (A). Wird nun das Ruheblutvolumen identifiziert (und vorzugsweise zu 100% gesetzt), erfolgt automatisch (z. B. mit einer über den Sensor gelegten und über Leitung (L2) gesteuerten Luftmanschette) oder manuell das Anpressen des Sensors an die Haut mit einer steigen den Kraft (K) so lange, bis das PPG-Signal einen maximal mögli chen, konstanten Wert erreicht. Dieser Wert entspricht der maxi mal möglichen Blutvolumenreduktion auf 0% und wird im Monitor (M) elektronisch gespeichert und zur weiteren Verarbeitung des PPG-Signals während der nun nachfolgenden eigentlichen Messung herangezogen. Es ist naheliegend, daß Fig. 3 shows a possible measuring arrangement when carrying out the calibration. In this case, the PPG sensor (S) is attached to the tip of the finger (FI) and connected to the blood volume monitor (M) via a line (L1). The preferably microprocessor-controlled electronics of the monitor (M) now ensures the setting of the operating point (A) in the first calibration step. If the resting blood volume is now identified (and preferably set to 100%), the sensor is pressed automatically (e.g. with an air sleeve placed over the sensor and controlled via line (L2)) or manually with increasing force (K) until the PPG signal reaches a maximum possible, constant value. This value corresponds to the maximum possible reduction in blood volume to 0% and is stored electronically in the monitor (M) and used for further processing of the PPG signal during the actual measurement that follows. It is obvious that
- - nach jedem Meßortwechsel eine erneute Kalibrierung vorgenommen werden muß und- A new calibration is carried out after each change of measuring location must be and
- - die beschriebene Kalibrierung nur an der Stelle des menschli chen Körpers möglich ist, wo sich das Blut vollständig aus dem Meßareal unter dem PPG-Sensor anpressen läßt, also vorzugsweise an dem über dem Knochen liegenden Hautbezirk (Finger, Zehen, Fersengegend u. a.).- The calibration described only at the human point Chen body is possible where the blood is completely from the Let the measuring area press under the PPG sensor, so preferably on the skin area above the bone (fingers, toes, Heel area u. a.).
Fig. 4 zeigt nun, welche Bedeutung die Erfindung in der Venen diagnostik z. B. bei der Quantifizierung des PPG-Signals während eines Muskelpumpen-Tests hat. Im Rahmen dieses Tests führt der Patient 8 Beinübungen in 16 Sekunden durch. Durch die sog. Mus kelpumpe wird dabei das venöse Blut herzwärts abgepumpt, die Haut wird heller, daß PPG-Signal steigt um 6%. In der nun folgenden Ruhephase füllt sich das Bein in To = 30 Sekunden (die venöse Auffüllzeit) wieder mit Blut auf. Auf Grund der vorher durchge führten Kalibrierung wird für diesen Hautbezirk die maximale Reflexion von 24% (als zweiter Kalibrierpunkt) ermittelt und somit auch die Tangente (T) der Hautübertragungsfunktion (F). Daraus läßt sich schließlich die Blutvolumenkinetik während des Muskelpumpen-Tests ermitteln. Bei dieser Übung sank das Blutvolu men um 41%. Zum ersten Mal steht somit für die Venendiagnostik ein Bewertungsparameter der Muskelpumpen-Leistung zur Verfügung, der von Mensch zu Mensch und von Hautareal zu Hautareal ver gleichbar ist. Fig. 4 shows the importance of the invention in vein diagnostics z. B. in the quantification of the PPG signal during a muscle pump test. As part of this test, the patient performs 8 leg exercises in 16 seconds. Through the so-called muscle pump, the venous blood is pumped out towards the heart, the skin becomes lighter, and the PPG signal increases by 6%. In the following resting phase, the leg fills with blood again in To = 30 seconds (the venous filling time). Based on the previously performed calibration, the maximum reflection of 24% (as the second calibration point) is determined for this skin area and thus also the tangent (T) of the skin transfer function (F). From this, the blood volume kinetics can finally be determined during the muscle pump test. During this exercise, the blood volume decreased by 41%. For the first time, an evaluation parameter of muscle pump performance is available for venous diagnosis, which is comparable from person to person and from skin area to skin area.
Fig. 5 zeigt die Quantifizierung der Blutvolumenpulsation im
Rahmen der arteriellen Diagnostik. Gemessen wird hier in einem
anderen Hautbezirk an der großen Zehe, Rmax betrug unter dem
Preßmanöver 17%.
Aus der nach dem Stand der Technik lediglich möglichen Reflexi
onsänderung ΔR = 2% lädt sich die Blutvolumenpulsamplitude von
23% ermitteln. Außerdem läßt sich zum ersten Mal auch die Form
des Blutvolumenpulses durch computerunterstützte Entzerrung dar
stellen. Fig. 5 shows the quantification of the Blutvolumenpulsation within the arterial diagnostics. Measurements are taken here in another skin area on the big toe, Rmax was 17% under the press maneuver.
The blood volume pulse amplitude of 23% can be determined from the change in reflection ΔR = 2% which is only possible according to the prior art. In addition, the shape of the blood volume pulse can be represented for the first time by computer-aided equalization.
Damit schafft die Erfindung ein nichtinvasives, zeit- und kosten sparendes Screening-Meßverfahren, das sowohl physiologische als auch pathophysiologische Blutvolumenverschiebungen in den Extre mitäten erstmals exakt erfassen und belegen kann und aufwendige und risikoreiche Invasiv-Meßmethoden einsparen hilft.The invention thus creates a non-invasive, time and cost saving screening measurement method, which is both physiological and also pathophysiological blood volume shifts in the extreme for the first time can precisely record and prove the resources and complex and save risky invasive measurement methods.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19924226973 DE4226973A1 (en) | 1992-08-14 | 1992-08-14 | Calibrated measurement of blood vol. using finger skin reflection or transmission photoplethysmography - obtaining two calibration point signals relating to conditions with and without blood displacement from measurement area |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19924226973 DE4226973A1 (en) | 1992-08-14 | 1992-08-14 | Calibrated measurement of blood vol. using finger skin reflection or transmission photoplethysmography - obtaining two calibration point signals relating to conditions with and without blood displacement from measurement area |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE4226973A1 true DE4226973A1 (en) | 1994-02-17 |
Family
ID=6465581
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19924226973 Withdrawn DE4226973A1 (en) | 1992-08-14 | 1992-08-14 | Calibrated measurement of blood vol. using finger skin reflection or transmission photoplethysmography - obtaining two calibration point signals relating to conditions with and without blood displacement from measurement area |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE4226973A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10304338A1 (en) * | 2003-02-03 | 2004-08-19 | Soehnle-Waagen Gmbh & Co. Kg | Device for determining the light reflection, in particular for determining the refilling time of the leg veins |
DE102008002741A1 (en) | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-31 | CiS Forschungsinstitut für Mikrosensorik und Photovoltaik GmbH | Optoelectronic blood flow measuring device for e.g. analyzing pulsatile perfusion phenomenon for cardiovascular diagnosis in human, has light sources radiating light of wavelengths lying specific nanometers apart from each other |
DE102008002747A1 (en) | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-31 | CiS Forschungsinstitut für Mikrosensorik und Photovoltaik GmbH | Ear sensor for monitoring physiological measured variable by non-invasive measurement in ear canal of patient, has detectors for detecting radiation reflected by tissue layers, where detectors are arranged offset to respective emitters |
DE102008002742A1 (en) | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-31 | Audia Akustik Gmbh | Sensor unit has housing, two optoelectronic sensors and electronic control, where optoelectronic sensors are distributed at extent of housing |
DE102010056478A1 (en) | 2010-12-30 | 2012-08-02 | Vladimir Blazek | Apparatus for complex long-term monitoring of human autonomic regulation during sleep or falling asleep relaxation phases, has breathing mask comprising forehead pad with sensor unit to non-invasively register vegetative parameters |
DE102011112226A1 (en) | 2011-08-30 | 2013-05-08 | LifeTAix GmbH | Multi-model multi-sensor device for contact-less detection and monitoring of physiological signals of resting or active working people, has sensors for simultaneous capacitive and optoelectronic detection of physiological signals |
-
1992
- 1992-08-14 DE DE19924226973 patent/DE4226973A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10304338A1 (en) * | 2003-02-03 | 2004-08-19 | Soehnle-Waagen Gmbh & Co. Kg | Device for determining the light reflection, in particular for determining the refilling time of the leg veins |
DE102008002741A1 (en) | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-31 | CiS Forschungsinstitut für Mikrosensorik und Photovoltaik GmbH | Optoelectronic blood flow measuring device for e.g. analyzing pulsatile perfusion phenomenon for cardiovascular diagnosis in human, has light sources radiating light of wavelengths lying specific nanometers apart from each other |
DE102008002747A1 (en) | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-31 | CiS Forschungsinstitut für Mikrosensorik und Photovoltaik GmbH | Ear sensor for monitoring physiological measured variable by non-invasive measurement in ear canal of patient, has detectors for detecting radiation reflected by tissue layers, where detectors are arranged offset to respective emitters |
DE102008002742A1 (en) | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-31 | Audia Akustik Gmbh | Sensor unit has housing, two optoelectronic sensors and electronic control, where optoelectronic sensors are distributed at extent of housing |
DE102008002747B4 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2014-02-13 | CiS Forschungsinstitut für Mikrosensorik und Photovoltaik GmbH | ear sensor |
DE102008002742B4 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2015-06-03 | CiS Forschungsinstitut für Mikrosensorik und Photovoltaik GmbH | Sensor unit for non-invasive long-term monitoring of hemodynamics |
DE102008002741B4 (en) | 2008-06-27 | 2019-07-11 | CiS Forschungsinstitut für Mikrosensorik und Photovoltaik GmbH | Optoelectronic perfusion measuring device for functional circulatory diagnostics |
DE102010056478A1 (en) | 2010-12-30 | 2012-08-02 | Vladimir Blazek | Apparatus for complex long-term monitoring of human autonomic regulation during sleep or falling asleep relaxation phases, has breathing mask comprising forehead pad with sensor unit to non-invasively register vegetative parameters |
DE102011112226A1 (en) | 2011-08-30 | 2013-05-08 | LifeTAix GmbH | Multi-model multi-sensor device for contact-less detection and monitoring of physiological signals of resting or active working people, has sensors for simultaneous capacitive and optoelectronic detection of physiological signals |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE69821121T2 (en) | METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR MEASURING BLOOD PRESSURE | |
DE2621518C2 (en) | Device for the automatic determination of the systolic blood pressure | |
DE69630932T2 (en) | Method and device for determining arterial blood pressure waveform of an arm based on bloodless measurements of a finger blood pressure waveform | |
DE69821775T2 (en) | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CORRECTING THE MEASURED BLOOD PRESSURE OF A LIFE | |
DE68923051T2 (en) | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETERMINING BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART CONDITION. | |
DE69829152T2 (en) | Device for measuring pulse waves | |
DE69416475T2 (en) | ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENT FOR MEASURING BLOOD PRESSURE | |
DE60302995T2 (en) | Blood Pressure Monitor | |
DE112009004271T5 (en) | Electronic sphygmomanometer and blood pressure measurement | |
DE4226972A1 (en) | Non-invasive measurement of venous and arterial blood pressure in finger or toe - correlating slow increase from zero air pressure in cuff, caused by electronically-controlled pump, with change in venous signal from reflection or transmission photoplethysmograph sensor | |
DE19757974A1 (en) | Method and measuring device for determining blood pressure | |
DE102007042298A1 (en) | Method and system for qualitatively estimating NIBP pulses using a SpO2 lethysmographic signal | |
DE112009000695T5 (en) | Electronic blood pressure monitor for measuring blood pressure according to volume compensation method | |
DE112011104312T5 (en) | Blood pressure information measuring device and method for calculating the index of the degree of arteriosclerosis with this device | |
DE19981621B3 (en) | Electronic sphygmomanometer and method for measuring blood pressure | |
EP1673009B1 (en) | Blood pressure measuring method and blood pressure manometer | |
DE4226973A1 (en) | Calibrated measurement of blood vol. using finger skin reflection or transmission photoplethysmography - obtaining two calibration point signals relating to conditions with and without blood displacement from measurement area | |
DE69122929T2 (en) | Heart rate monitor | |
DE69019916T2 (en) | Electronic blood pressure monitor. | |
DE602004010448T2 (en) | Pulse wave measuring device with correction unit | |
DE4238641A1 (en) | Blood vessel condition evaluation using photo-plethysmography - applying mechanical, acoustic, ultrasound or pressure function, evaluating transfer function, deriving standardised values, characteristics and distribution, comparing with age-related standard and classifying | |
EP1746931B1 (en) | Device for determining the transition between systole and diastole | |
EP0240735A2 (en) | Device for non-invasively measuring blood pressure and pulse rate, especially at humans | |
DE10055316A1 (en) | Method and device for determining patient blood pressure by generation of two blood pressure curves and a corresponding envelope curve such that patient discomfort is prevented and excessive pressure application is not required | |
DE19740931C2 (en) | Heart pressure monitor |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
8141 | Disposal/no request for examination |