DE1099658B - Automatic switch-on device for high-frequency surgical devices - Google Patents

Automatic switch-on device for high-frequency surgical devices

Info

Publication number
DE1099658B
DE1099658B DES62831A DES0062831A DE1099658B DE 1099658 B DE1099658 B DE 1099658B DE S62831 A DES62831 A DE S62831A DE S0062831 A DES0062831 A DE S0062831A DE 1099658 B DE1099658 B DE 1099658B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
voltage
resistor
circuit
switch
automatic switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DES62831A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Karl Hudek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Reiniger Werke AG
Original Assignee
Siemens Reiniger Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Reiniger Werke AG filed Critical Siemens Reiniger Werke AG
Priority to DES62831A priority Critical patent/DE1099658B/en
Priority to CH412760A priority patent/CH382313A/en
Priority to GB1498660A priority patent/GB897961A/en
Publication of DE1099658B publication Critical patent/DE1099658B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/1206—Generators therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/16—Indifferent or passive electrodes for grounding
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
    • A61B2018/0066—Sensing and controlling the application of energy without feedback, i.e. open loop control

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)

Description

Selbsttätige Eins chaltvorrichtung für Hochfrequenzchirurgiegeräte Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung zur selbsttätigen Einschaltung der Hochfrequenzspannung eines Hochfrequenzchirurgiegerätes. Bekannte derartige Vorrichtungen arbeiten in der Weise, daß bei Berührung des Operationsobjektes mit der (aktiven) Operationselektrode über das Objekt ein Hilfsstromkreis geschlossen und damit das Steuerpotential einer Verstärkerröhre beeinflußt wird, die wiederum ein Relais zur Einschaltung des Hochfrequenzgenerators steuert.Automatic switch-on device for high-frequency surgical devices The invention relates to an arrangement for automatically switching on the high-frequency voltage of a high-frequency surgical device. Known such devices work in in such a way that when the operation object comes into contact with the (active) operation electrode An auxiliary circuit is closed via the object and thus the control potential of a Amplifier tube is influenced, which in turn uses a relay to switch on the high-frequency generator controls.

Bei den bekannten Einrichtungen ist der Hilfsstromkreis relativ niederohmig ausgelegt. Auf diese Weise kann jedoch ein für den Patienten unangenehmer Reizstrom entstehen.In the known devices, the auxiliary circuit has a relatively low resistance designed. In this way, however, a stimulation current that is unpleasant for the patient can be created develop.

Es ist bekannt, daß beim Schneidvorgang durch Funkenbildung an der Berührungsstelle zwischen der aktiven Elektrode und dem Patienten ein Gleichrichtereffekt auftritt. Bei geschlossenem Gleichstromkreis könnte die dadurch auftretende Gleichspannung zu faradischen Reizungen Anlaß geben. Um einen solchen Gleichstromweg über den Ausgangskreis des Gerätes zu vermeiden, ist der Hochfrequenzstromkreis bei allen Chirurgiegeräten durch einen Kondensator gleichstrommäßig unterbrochen. Neu ist in diesem Zusammenhang die Erkenntnis, daß die genannte Gleichspannung bei handelsüblichen Geräten 150 Volt und mehr betragen kann. Ist der Hilfsstromkreis der Schaltautomatik niederohmig ausgelegt, so kann diese Spannung einen relativ starken Reizstrom zur Folge haben, der dem Patienten unerwünschte Reizungen (nfuske4-zuckungen) verursacht. It is known that during the cutting process by sparking on the Contact point between the active electrode and the patient creates a rectifier effect occurs. When the DC circuit is closed, the resulting DC voltage could give rise to faradic irritations. To have such a direct current path through the output circuit The high-frequency circuit in all surgical devices is to be avoided interrupted by a capacitor in terms of direct current. What is new in this context the knowledge that the said DC voltage in commercially available devices 150 Volts and more. Is the auxiliary circuit of the automatic switching system low-resistance designed, this voltage can result in a relatively strong stimulation current, which causes undesirable irritation (nuske4 twitches) to the patient.

Zur Vermeidung dieses Nachteils wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, den Hilfskreis so auszulegen, daß der zwischen aktive und neutrale Elektrode geschaltete Gleichstromwiderstand mindestens l00 kQ beträgt, vorzugsweise aber im Bereich mehrerer MQ liegt. Die Erfindung nimmt daher bewußt den höheren schaltungstechnischen Aufwand in Kauf, den ein hochohmiger Steuerkreis erfordert, um die für den Patienten unangenehmen Folgeerscheinungen der selbsttätigen Einschalteinrichtung zu vermeiden. Dabei ist darauf zu achten, daß der genannte Gleichstromwiderstand, wie bei einer bekannten Anordnung, durch die bei positivem Gitterpotential niederohmige Gitter-Kathoden-Strecke einer Schaltröhre wesentlich mitbestimmt sein kann. To avoid this disadvantage, it is proposed according to the invention that to design the auxiliary circuit in such a way that the connected between the active and the neutral electrode DC resistance is at least 100 kΩ, but preferably in the range of several MQ is located. The invention therefore deliberately takes away the greater complexity in terms of circuitry in purchase, which requires a high-resistance control circuit in order to avoid the unpleasant for the patient To avoid the consequences of the automatic closing device. It is make sure that the mentioned DC resistance, as with a known Arrangement due to the low-impedance grid-cathode path when the grid potential is positive a switch tube can be significantly influenced.

An Hand der Figuren sollen Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung nachfolgend erläutert werden. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are to be described below with reference to the figures explained.

Gemäß Fig. 1 ist der Ausgang eines lediglich durch ein Schaltungssymbol angedeuteten Hochfrequenzgenerators 1 einseitig geerdet und kann mit seinem zweiten Pol über einen Schalter 2 mit der aktiven Elektrode 3 des Hochfrequenzchirurgieapparates verbunden werden. Die dem Behandlungsobjekt 4 anliegende neutrale Elektrode 5 ist ebenfalls geerdet. Ein Kondensator 6 dient zur gleichstrommäßigen Unterbrechung des Behandlungsstromkreises. According to Fig. 1, the output of a is merely indicated by a circuit symbol indicated high-frequency generator 1 grounded on one side and can with its second Pole via a switch 2 to the active electrode 3 of the high-frequency surgical apparatus get connected. The neutral electrode 5 lying against the treatment object 4 is also grounded. A capacitor 6 is used to interrupt the DC current of the treatment circuit.

Zwischen aktiver Elektrode 3 und neutraler Elektrode 5 ist über eine Hochfrequenz-Sperrdrossel 7, eine Hilfsspannungsquelle 8 und zwei hochohmige Widerstände 9, 10 ein Gleichspannungsweg geschaffen, der sich zu einem Gleichstromkreis über das Behandlungsobj ekt schließt, wenn dieses mit der aktiven Elektrode 3 berührt wird. Der dann einsetzende Steuergleichstrom erzeugt an dem Widerstand 10 einen Gleichspannungsabfall, der bei hinreichender Größe nach Verstärkung durch den Verstärker 11 ein Relais 12 einschaltet, dessen Arbeitskontakt 2 den Hochfrequenzstromkreis schließt. Between the active electrode 3 and the neutral electrode 5 is a High-frequency blocking choke 7, an auxiliary voltage source 8 and two high-value resistors 9, 10 created a DC voltage path that turns into a DC circuit the treatment object closes when it touches the active electrode 3 will. The control direct current which then sets in generates a at resistor 10 DC voltage drop which, if it is sufficient, after amplification by the amplifier 11 a relay 12 turns on, the normally open contact 2 of which the high-frequency circuit closes.

Mit Einsetzen des Behandlungsstromes tritt durch einen Gleichrichtereffekt, der sich zwischen der aktiven Elektrode und dem behandelten Gewebe ausbildet, eine Gleichspannung am Patienten auf, die über den Hilfsstromkreis einen zusätzlichen Gleichstrom treibt. Die Erfindung beruht nun auf der Erkenntnis, daß die am Patienten auftretende Gleichspannung wesentlich höher ist als die Gleichspannung der Hilfsspannungsquelle 8, die im Beispielsfall 12 V beträgt. Bei Versuchen mit einem- handelsüblichen Chirurgiegerät wurde am Patienten eine Gleichspannung von etwa 150V V gemessen. Für die Dimensionierung des Hilfskreises im Hinblick auf eine Berechnung des Gleichstromes im Hilfskreis muß daher in erster Linie diese Spannung, deren Existenz in dieser Größe bisher unbekannt war, zugrunde gelegt werden. Im Beispielsfall sind für die Widerstände 9 und 10 daher Werte von 10 und 1 MQ vorgesehen. With the onset of the treatment current, a rectifier effect occurs, that forms between the active electrode and the treated tissue, a DC voltage on the patient, which is an additional via the auxiliary circuit Direct current drives. The invention is based on the knowledge that the patient occurring DC voltage is significantly higher than the DC voltage of the auxiliary voltage source 8, which is 12 V in the example. When trying with a commercially available surgical device A direct voltage of about 150V V was measured on the patient. For sizing of the auxiliary circuit with a view to calculating the direct current in the auxiliary circuit must therefore in the first place this tension, which has existed in this magnitude up to now was unknown. In the example, are for the resistors 9 and 10 therefore provide values of 10 and 1 MQ.

Bei der angegebenen Dimensionierung ergibt sich eine Ansprechempfindlichkeit der Schaltautomatik, die durch einen bestimmten höchsten Patienten-Ersatzwiderstand ausgedrückt werden kann, d. h., die Auto- matik schaltet stets dann ein, wenn der Berührungswiderstand unter dem der Empfindlichkeit entsprechenden maximalen Ersatzwiderstand liegt. Für bestimmte Anwendungsfälle oder aus Sicherheitsgriinden kann es wünschenswert sein, die Ansprechempfindlichkeit herabzusetzen. Technisch kann diese Aufgabe entweder durch einen durch den Schalter 13 zum Widerstand 10 parallel geschalteten Widerstand 14 oder durch Herabsetzung der Spannung der Hilfsstromquelle 8 erfolgen. The specified dimensioning results in a sensitivity the automatic switching, which is caused by a certain highest patient equivalent resistance can be expressed, d. i.e., the car matic always switches then on if the contact resistance is below the corresponding sensitivity maximum equivalent resistance. For certain use cases or for security reasons it may be desirable to reduce the sensitivity. Technically this task can either be done by a switch 13 to resistor 10 resistor 14 connected in parallel or by reducing the voltage of the auxiliary power source 8 take place.

Der Kondensator 15 bewirkt mit dem Widerstand 9, daß niederfrequente Wechselspannungen und Gleichstromstörimpulse, die an die aktive Elektrode gelangen könnten, keine für eine Einschaltung des Apparates hinreichende Spannung am Gitter der Eingangsröhre des Verstärkers 11 verursachen. Damit sich andererseits durch den Kondensator 15 nach dem Abheben der Elektrode 3 vom Objekt 4 keine durch die Zeitkonstante im Gitterkreis verursachte störende Einschaltverzögerung ergibt, werden die Verhältnisse zweckmäßig so gewählt, daß der Gitterstrom der Eingangsröhre des Verstärkers 11 bereits nach einer geringen Erhöhung der Gitterspannung einsetzt und dadurch eine höhere Aufladung des Kondensators 15 verhindert. The capacitor 15 causes the resistor 9 that low frequency AC voltages and DC interference pulses that reach the active electrode there is not enough voltage on the grid to switch on the apparatus the input tube of the amplifier 11 cause. So that on the other hand through the capacitor 15 after lifting the electrode 3 from the object 4 by none Time constant in the grid circle results in disturbing switch-on delay the ratios expediently chosen so that the grid current of the input tube of the Amplifier 11 starts already after a slight increase in the grid voltage and thereby prevents the capacitor 15 from being charged to a higher level.

Die selbsttätige Einschalteinrichtung kann als getrennte Baueinheit ausgeführt werden, um damit nachträglich Chirurgiegeräte ausrüsten zu können. Sie kann jedoch auch organisch in die Schaltung des Chirurgiegerätes eingefügt werden. In der Fig. 2 ist die Kombination einer getrennten Baueinheit mit einem Chirurgiegerät dargestellt. Von dem durch das gestrichelte Rechteck 20 angedeuteten Chirurgiegerät sind nur einige Bauteile angedeutet, wie die Generatorröhre 21, der Schwingkreis 22, 23, die Auskopplungsspule 24 und der Trennkondensator 25. Die Buchsen 26, 27 dienen zum Anschluß der aktiven Elektrode 3 und der neutralen Elektrode 5. An die Buchsen 30, 31 wird bei bekannten Geräten üblicherweise ein nicht dargestellter Fuß schalter angeschlossen. Bei Betätigung des Fußschalters würden beide Buchsen 30, 31 kurzgeschlossen, und das Relais 32 erhielte Strom und schlösse seinen Arbeitskontakt 33 in der Anodenspannungsleitung der Generatorröhre 21. An Stelle des Fußschalters ist nun die selbsttätige Einschalteinrichtung an die Buchsen 30, 31 angeschlossen, und zwar deren Schaltkontakt 34, der durch ein schematisch angedeutetes Transistorenrelais 35 betätigt wird. Die Elemente 7, 9, 10 und 15 stimmen mit den gleich- bezifferten Elementen in Fig. 1 überein. Die Sperrdrossel 7 ist innerhalb des Apparategehäuses 21) untergebracht. Die Verstärkerröhre 36 erhält ihre Anodenspannung aus einem schematisch angedeuteten Stromversorgungsgerät 37, dessen Betriebsspannung die Heizspannungsquelle des Chirurgiegerätes liefert. Für ein möglichst verzögerungsfreies Einschalten erfolgt bereits bei einer Gitterspannung von 1,5 V der Gitterstromeinsatz. An dem Potentiometerwiderstand 38 kann die für den Hilfskreis wirksame Hilfsspannung und damit die Ansprechempfindlichkeit der Einschaltvorrichtung verändert werden. Mit Hilfe der Widerstände 39, 40 wird dem Gitter der Röhre 36 ein gegenüber der Kathode negatives Ruhepotential vermittelt. The automatic switch-on device can be used as a separate structural unit be carried out in order to be able to retrofit surgical devices with it. she however, it can also be integrated organically into the circuitry of the surgical device. 2 shows the combination of a separate structural unit with a surgical device shown. Of the surgical device indicated by the dashed rectangle 20 only a few components are indicated, such as the generator tube 21, the resonant circuit 22, 23, the decoupling coil 24 and the separating capacitor 25. The sockets 26, 27 serve to connect the active electrode 3 and the neutral electrode 5. To the Sockets 30, 31 are usually not shown in known devices Foot switch connected. When the foot switch is pressed, both sockets would 30, 31 short-circuited, and the relay 32 would receive power and close its normally open contact 33 in the anode voltage line of the generator tube 21. Instead of the foot switch the automatic switch-on device is now connected to the sockets 30, 31, namely their switching contact 34, which is through a schematically indicated transistor relay 35 is actuated. Elements 7, 9, 10 and 15 agree with the same figured Elements in Fig. 1 match. The blocking throttle 7 is inside the apparatus housing 21) housed. The amplifier tube 36 receives its anode voltage from a schematic indicated power supply device 37, the operating voltage of which is the heating voltage source of the surgical device supplies. For switching on with as little delay as possible The grid current is used at a grid voltage of 1.5 V. At the potentiometer resistor 38 the auxiliary voltage effective for the auxiliary circuit and thus the response sensitivity the switch-on device can be changed. With the help of the resistors 39, 40 the grid of the tube 36 gives a negative rest potential relative to the cathode.

Zur Überprüfung der Schaltautomatik ist eine Prüftaste 42 vorgesehen, die im gedrückten Zustand eine Funktionskontrolle erlaubt. Dabei wird an Stelle des normalerweise über den Patienten geschlossenen Stromweges ein Prüfstromkreis über den vorgeschalteten Patientenersatzwiderstand 43 gebildet. To check the automatic switching, a test button 42 is provided, which allows a function check when pressed. This is in place of the current path normally closed by the patient, a test circuit Formed via the upstream patient equivalent resistor 43.

PATENTANSPROCHE 1. Selbsttätige Einschaltvorrichtung für Hochfrequenzchirurgiegeräte mit einem zwischen aktiver und neutraler Elektrode bestehendem, eine Gleichspannungsquelle enthaltenden Gleichstromweg, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Widerstand des Gleichstromweges mindestens 100 kQ, vorzugsweise aber mehrere MQ beträgt. PATENT CLAIM 1. Automatic switch-on device for high-frequency surgical devices with a DC voltage source between the active and the neutral electrode containing direct current path, characterized in that the resistance of the direct current path is at least 100 kΩ, but preferably several MΩ.

Claims (1)

2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Teil des Widerstandes im Gitterkreis einer Verstärkerröhre angeordnet ist und für diesen Gitterkreis durch einen Kondensator in Verbindung mit einem anderen Teil des Widerstandes des Gleichstromweges durch Spannungsteilerwirkung unerwünschte Wechselspannungen möglichst klein gehalten werden. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a part of the resistor is arranged in the grid circle of an amplifier tube and for this Lattice circuit through a capacitor in connection with another part of the resistor of the direct current path due to the voltage divider effect, undesired alternating voltages be kept as small as possible. 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für eine Funktionsprüfung unabhängig von der Handhabung der aktiven Elektrode wirkende Mittel zur Auslösung der Einschaltvorrichtung vorgesehen sind. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that for a functional test independent of the handling of the active electrode Means for triggering the switching device are provided. In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften: Patentschrift Nr. 7550 des Amtes für Erfindungs-und Patentwesen in der sowjetischen Besatzungszone Deutschlands; USA.-Patentschrift Nr. 2 827056. References Considered: Office Patent No. 7550 for inventions and patents in the Soviet zone of occupation in Germany; U.S. Patent No. 2,827,056.
DES62831A 1959-04-29 1959-04-29 Automatic switch-on device for high-frequency surgical devices Pending DE1099658B (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES62831A DE1099658B (en) 1959-04-29 1959-04-29 Automatic switch-on device for high-frequency surgical devices
CH412760A CH382313A (en) 1959-04-29 1960-04-08 Arrangement for the automatic activation of the high-frequency voltage of a high-frequency surgical device
GB1498660A GB897961A (en) 1959-04-29 1960-04-28 Improvements in or relating to automatic circuit-closing devices for high-frequency surgical appliances

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES62831A DE1099658B (en) 1959-04-29 1959-04-29 Automatic switch-on device for high-frequency surgical devices

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1099658B true DE1099658B (en) 1961-02-16

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DES62831A Pending DE1099658B (en) 1959-04-29 1959-04-29 Automatic switch-on device for high-frequency surgical devices

Country Status (3)

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CH (1) CH382313A (en)
DE (1) DE1099658B (en)
GB (1) GB897961A (en)

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