CN117913486B - Low-insertion-loss low-cost multi-zero miniaturized microstrip filter - Google Patents

Low-insertion-loss low-cost multi-zero miniaturized microstrip filter Download PDF

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CN117913486B
CN117913486B CN202410309577.4A CN202410309577A CN117913486B CN 117913486 B CN117913486 B CN 117913486B CN 202410309577 A CN202410309577 A CN 202410309577A CN 117913486 B CN117913486 B CN 117913486B
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impedance
low
resonator
vertical folding
folding ladder
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CN117913486A (en
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罗颍川
董元旦
蔡俊宏
刘李云
姜震
陈涛
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Microgrid Union Technology Chengdu Co ltd
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Microgrid Union Technology Chengdu Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/201Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves
    • H01P1/203Strip line filters

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Abstract

The invention relates to a miniaturized microstrip filter with low insertion loss, low cost and multiple zero points, which belongs to the field of radio frequency microwaves and comprises a dielectric substrate and a vertical folding ladder impedance resonator; the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator is positioned in the middle of the dielectric substrate, and coplanar waveguide transmission ports connected with the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator are arranged on two sides of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate; the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator comprises a folded low impedance line and a high impedance line, wherein the low impedance line is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, the high impedance line is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, and the low impedance line and the high impedance line are connected through a metallized via hole to form the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator with small size. The invention folds the high-resistance and low-resistance parts of the resonator on the upper and lower layers of the same layer of substrate and connects the upper and lower layers through the metal through holes to obtain the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator, thereby reducing the size of the resonator and enabling the coupling of the electric field and the magnetic field of the resonator to be controlled independently.

Description

Low-insertion-loss low-cost multi-zero miniaturized microstrip filter
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of radio frequency microwaves, in particular to a miniaturized microstrip filter with low insertion loss, low cost and multiple zero points.
Background
As spectrum resources are divided more and more, the number of filters used in a wireless system is more and more, the performance requirements are higher and more, and the filters with low loss, deep suppression, low cost and high integration level are more and more popular; the microstrip filter has the advantages of low cost, easy planar integration, flexible design and the like as a filter with wide application.
The existing technology for obtaining the small-size filter mainly comprises 1) bending the resonator on the same plane; 2) A multilayer structure, in which a plurality of resonators are stacked in multiple layers by adopting a vertical coupling mode, such as a dielectric substrate integrated suspension microstrip line technology; 3) Processing technology of a high-dielectric-constant dielectric substrate, such as low-temperature co-firing ceramic technology and the like, is adopted; 4) With the multimode resonator, the response effect of a plurality of resonators is obtained without increasing the number of resonators. These have the advantage of miniaturization, and also cause deterioration of such indexes as cost, design simplicity, and longitudinal dimension. In addition, in addition to the change of the structure of the filter itself to obtain small size, the multi-passband filter operating in the multi-frequency system also reduces the number of filters used by expanding the operating frequency band. In filter design, in addition to ensuring passband performance, a higher degree of out-of-band rejection is achieved as much as possible, and transmission zeros are typically fabricated out-of-band or filter orders are increased to improve them. In the traditional filter design, the number of generated zeros is less, the number of zeros is generally not more than two, and the number of zeros out of band is often insufficient due to larger loss caused by increasing the number of zeros of the filter, so that the stop band range is not wide enough and the inhibition degree is not deep enough. In addition, the stopband widening can be performed by staggering the higher order modes of each resonator, but the design flexibility of the method gradually decreases with the increase of the order.
In the case of miniaturized high performance filter design, the multilayer dielectric substrate is stacked in such a manner that the planarization in the vertical direction is sacrificed to reduce the size in the horizontal direction, and the increase in the number of substrates also brings about an increase in manufacturing cost, and in the multilayer printed circuit board, the multilayer substrate is often mounted by pinning, which reduces the relative positional accuracy in the vertical direction, thereby affecting the filter performance. Secondly, bending the resonators in the same layer is limited in the degree of downsizing, and the difficulty of adjusting the coupling strength between the resonators is increased. In addition, with a multimode resonator, the tuning flexibility will be reduced due to the presence of multiple modes in the resonator that are coupled to each other. Other new processing technologies, such as low temperature co-fired ceramic technology, are more expensive to process than printed circuit board technology, especially in multi-layer designs where cost issues are more pronounced.
The conventional way to increase the out-of-band rejection by increasing the filter order will result in an increase in the loss in the passband due to the longer path of signal transmission, and the increase in order makes the design more complex and the filter size larger. In addition, the method of staggering the resonant frequency of the higher order mode to obtain a wider stop band has certain disadvantages, when the order requirement of the filter is higher, the difficulty of staggering the higher order mode to prevent the higher order pass band from being generated is higher, and the method of adjusting the higher order mode frequency generally changes the shape of the resonator, which also causes interference on the fundamental frequency of the resonator and the coupling strength of the coupling position between the resonators, so that the whole adjustment is more inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a miniaturized microstrip filter with low insertion loss and low cost and multiple zero points, and solves the problems in the prior art.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: a miniaturized microstrip filter with low insertion loss, low cost and multiple zero points comprises a dielectric substrate and a vertical folding ladder impedance resonator; the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator is positioned in the middle of the dielectric substrate, and coplanar waveguide transmission ports connected with the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator are arranged on two sides of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate;
The vertical folding ladder impedance resonator comprises a folded low impedance line and a high impedance line, wherein the low impedance line is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, the high impedance line is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, the low impedance line and the high impedance line are connected through a metallized via hole, the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator with small size is formed, and the position with the strongest electric field distribution and the position with the strongest magnetic field distribution in the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator are isolated in different layers through the low impedance line and the high impedance line, so that independent control of electric coupling and magnetic coupling is realized.
Metal lands are arranged on both sides of the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, a row of metallized through holes are respectively arranged on the metal lands on both sides of the upper surface to surround the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator, and the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator is connected with the metal lands on the lower surface through the metallized through holes.
Four low-impedance lines are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate and are in square arrangement, two high-impedance lines are arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate and are connected with the four low-impedance lines through metallized through holes to form two parallel vertical folding ladder-shaped impedance resonators with half wavelengths, and the coplanar waveguide transmission ports arranged on the two sides of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate are respectively connected with one of the high-impedance lines.
The areas of two low-impedance lines in the vertical folding ladder impedance resonators with the upper half wavelength and the lower half wavelength are different, two transmission zero points are generated, the vertical folding ladder impedance resonators with the two half wavelengths are mixed and coupled to form a passband, and the two formed pairs of mixed couplers are different in strength, so that the other two transmission zero points are generated.
Four low-impedance lines are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, two high-impedance lines are arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, the four low-impedance lines are connected with the two high-impedance lines through metallized through holes, each high-impedance line is connected with metal ground through a grounding branch joint, four square-arrangement quarter-wavelength vertical folding ladder-type impedance resonators are formed, and coplanar waveguide transmission ports arranged on two sides of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate are respectively connected with one of the high-impedance lines.
Each pair of quarter-wave vertical folded ladder impedance resonators respectively form a passband path, electric coupling is formed between low impedance lines in each pair of vertical folded ladder impedance resonators, and the coupling strength is adjusted by adjusting the size of a gap between the two low impedance lines.
The mixed coupling exists between the two passband paths, the electric coupling is regulated through low impedance line control, the magnetic coupling is regulated through grounding branches, two transmission zero points are generated between the two passband paths, the two grounding branches are mutually close to each other, source load coupling is formed, and more transmission zero points are introduced.
The invention has the following advantages: a miniaturized microstrip filter with low insertion loss and low cost and multiple zero points is characterized in that high-resistance and low-resistance parts of a resonator are folded on an upper layer and a lower layer of a same layer of substrate and are connected through metal through holes, so that a vertical folded ladder impedance resonator is obtained, the size of the resonator is reduced, and the coupling of an electric field and a magnetic field of the resonator can be independently controlled; the half-wavelength vertical folding ladder impedance resonator is asymmetrically designed, so that two series resonant circuits which are connected in parallel to the ground are different in resonant frequency, two zero points are generated, the stop band characteristic is improved, and two zero points are generated by utilizing mixed coupling, so that four transmission zero points are generated by the filter under the second-order low-order response, and good stop band performance is obtained; the grounding dendrite is added into the asymmetric half-wavelength resonator to form a quarter-wavelength resonator, a double-passband response is formed by utilizing a structure similar to that of a single-passband filter, and the frequency and the bandwidth of the two passbands can be flexibly adjusted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a single-passband bandpass filter according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a bottom view of a single-passband bandpass filter according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a single-passband bandpass filter according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a dual passband bandpass filter according to the invention;
FIG. 5 is a bottom view of a dual passband bandpass filter according to the invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a dual passband bandpass filter according to the invention;
In the figure: the three-dimensional waveguide structure comprises a 1-coplanar waveguide transmission port, a 2-vertical folding ladder impedance resonator, 3-metal ground, 4-metallization via holes, 5-grounding branches, 6-low impedance lines, 7-high impedance lines and 8-dielectric substrates.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application, as presented in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the application as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application. The application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-3, one embodiment of the present invention relates to a miniaturized single-passband bandpass filter with low insertion loss and low cost and multiple zeros, which comprises a dielectric substrate 8 and a vertically folded ladder impedance resonator 2; the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator 2 is located in the middle of the dielectric substrate 8, the coplanar waveguide transmission ports 1 connected with the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator 2 are arranged on two sides of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 8, the coplanar waveguide transmission port 1 located on the left side of the dielectric substrate 8 is used as an input port, and the coplanar waveguide transmission port 1 on the other side is used as an output port.
Metal lands 3 are provided on both sides and the lower surface of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 8, and a row of metallized vias 4 are provided on each of the metal lands 3 on both sides of the upper surface to surround the vertically folded ladder impedance resonator 2, and are connected to the metal lands 3 on the lower surface through the metallized vias 4.
Wherein, the diameter of the metallized via hole 4 is 0.12mm, and the via hole spacing is 0.5mm and 0.2mm respectively; the dielectric substrate 8 was a Rogers5880 substrate, the thickness of which was 0.508mm, the dielectric constant of which was 2.2, and the loss tangent of which was 0.0009.
Further, four low-impedance lines 6 are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 8, the four low-impedance lines 6 are arranged in a square shape, two high-impedance lines 7 are arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 8, the two high-impedance lines 7 are connected with the four low-impedance lines 6 through metallized vias 4 to form two parallel half-wavelength vertical folding ladder-type impedance resonators 2, and the coplanar waveguide transmission ports arranged on two sides of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 8 are respectively connected with one of the high-impedance lines 7.
In the embodiment, the stepped impedance resonator is vertically folded by taking the high impedance line 7 and the low impedance line 6 as the boundary lines, so that the two parts of the stepped impedance resonator are respectively distributed on the upper layer and the lower layer of the same layer of dielectric substrate 8 and then are connected through the metallized via holes 4, thereby realizing miniaturization, and separating the position with the strongest electric field distribution and the position with the strongest magnetic field distribution in the resonator into different layers at the same time, so that independent control of electric coupling and magnetic coupling between the resonators can be realized, and the design is more flexible. Besides, the vertical folded ladder impedance resonator 2 with half wavelength used in the filter can be equivalent to two series LC circuits connected in parallel to the ground, so that the resonator can generate transmission zero point, and the single resonator is asymmetrically processed, so that the areas of two low impedance lines 6 of the resonator are different, and two zero points are obtained. Based on the resonator principle, the two resonators are mixed and coupled to form a passband, and the feed structure is directly connected with the high-impedance line 7 by using the coplanar waveguide transmission port 1, so that the metal ground 3 and the high-impedance line 7 are positioned on the same metal layer to maintain the characteristics of the filter single-layer substrate. Since the two pairs of hybrid coupling strengths formed are not identical, two zeros may also be formed. Based on the design principle, a multi-zero miniaturized filter design can be obtained, and the advantages of low insertion loss are achieved at the same time because the order of the filter is not increased while zero is introduced.
The working principle process of the embodiment is as follows: the 50 ohm coplanar waveguide feeder is connected to the high impedance line 7 portion of the vertical folded ladder impedance resonator 2 to excite it, the two vertical folded ladder impedance resonators 2 form a hybrid coupling through the low impedance line 6 and the parallel coupled lower high impedance line 7, and finally the signal is transmitted to the output port through the symmetrical structure. Four transmission zeroes are introduced by the structural characteristics of the half-wavelength vertically folded stepped impedance resonator 2 itself and the hybrid coupling between the two resonators.
Wherein, each parameter of the single-passband bandpass filter is shown in the following table 1:
table 1 Single passband bandpass filter parameter table (Unit: mm)
As shown in fig. 4-6, another embodiment of the present invention relates to a miniaturized double-passband bandpass filter with low insertion loss and low cost and multiple zeros, which comprises a dielectric substrate 8 and a vertically folded ladder impedance resonator 2; the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator 2 is located in the middle of the dielectric substrate 8, the coplanar waveguide transmission ports 1 connected with the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator 2 are arranged on two sides of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 8, the coplanar waveguide transmission port 1 located on the left side of the dielectric substrate 8 is used as an input port, and the coplanar waveguide transmission port 1 on the other side is used as an output port.
Metal lands 3 are provided on both sides and the lower surface of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 8, and a row of metallized vias 4 are provided on each of the metal lands 3 on both sides of the upper surface to surround the vertically folded ladder impedance resonator 2, and are connected to the metal lands 3 on the lower surface through the metallized vias 4.
Wherein, the diameter of the metallized via hole 4 is 0.12mm, and the via hole spacing is 0.5mm and 0.2mm respectively; the dielectric substrate 8 was a Rogers5880 substrate, the thickness of which was 0.508mm, the dielectric constant of which was 2.2, and the loss tangent of which was 0.0009.
Four low-impedance lines 6 are arranged on the upper surface of a dielectric substrate 8, two high-impedance lines 7 are arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 8, the four low-impedance lines 6 are connected with the two high-impedance lines 7 through metallized through holes 4, each high-impedance line 7 is connected with a metal ground 3 through a grounding branch 5, four quarter-wavelength vertical folding ladder-type impedance resonators 2 which are arranged in a square mode are formed, and coplanar waveguide transmission ports arranged on two sides of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 8 are respectively connected with one of the high-impedance lines 7.
The embodiment is based on the design of the single-passband filter, and the high-impedance line 7 of the half-wavelength vertical folded ladder impedance resonator is grounded through the grounding branch 5, so that the four quarter-wavelength vertical folded ladder impedance resonator 2 is realized under a similar structure. The two passband paths of the dual-passband filter are respectively formed by a pair of quarter-wavelength resonators, the low impedance lines 6 of each pair of vertical folding ladder impedance resonators 2 are electrically coupled, the strength of the low impedance lines can be controlled by the size of a gap, and the resonant frequencies of the corresponding passband can be adjusted by adjusting the sizes of the vertical folding ladder impedance resonators 2 of different pairs. There is a hybrid coupling between the two paths and the electrical and magnetic coupling therein are independently controlled by the low impedance line 6 and the ground stub 5, respectively, whereby two zero points between the two pass bands are created. The two grounding branches 5 are close to each other to form weak source load coupling, and more zero points are introduced. The feed structure is similar to the single-passband filter structure, and is that the coplanar waveguide transmission port 1 is directly connected with the high-impedance line 7. From the above analysis, a low insertion loss, miniaturized dual-passband filter similar to a single passband structure is obtained, which has four transmission zeros and a passband response is flexible to adjust.
The working principle process of the embodiment is as follows: the 50 ohm coplanar waveguide feeder is connected to the high impedance line 7 through the coplanar waveguide transmission port 1, resonators on the left sides of the two paths are excited, then electric coupling is formed between the resonators and resonators of the same size arranged side by side through the low impedance line 6, and the output feeder is directly connected with output signals to obtain two pass bands. The two paths are respectively coupled through the low-impedance line 6 and the grounding branch 5, and the input and output feeder lines are coupled in a weak magnetic way through the grounding branch 5 which is close to each other, so that four transmission zero points are introduced to improve the stop band performance of the filter.
Wherein the parameters of the dual passband bandpass filter are shown in table 2 below:
table 2 parameter table of double passband bandpass filter (unit: mm)
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments, but is capable of numerous other combinations, modifications and adaptations, and of being modified within the scope of the inventive concept described herein, by the foregoing teachings or by the skilled person or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. A miniaturized microstrip filter with low insertion loss, low cost and multiple zero points is characterized in that: the dielectric resonator comprises a dielectric substrate (8) and a vertical folding ladder impedance resonator (2); the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator (2) is positioned in the middle of the dielectric substrate (8), and coplanar waveguide transmission ports (1) connected with the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator (2) are arranged on two sides of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (8);
The vertical folding ladder impedance resonator (2) comprises a folded low impedance line (6) and a high impedance line (7), the low impedance line (6) is arranged on the upper surface of a dielectric substrate (8), the high impedance line (7) is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (8), the low impedance line and the high impedance line are connected through a metallized via hole (4) to form the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator (2) with small size, and the position with the strongest electric field distribution and the position with the strongest magnetic field distribution in the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator (2) are isolated in different layers through the low impedance line (6) and the high impedance line (7), so that independent control of electric coupling and magnetic coupling is realized;
Four low-impedance lines (6) are arranged on the upper surface of a dielectric substrate (8), the four low-impedance lines (6) are arranged in a square shape, two high-impedance lines (7) are arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (8), the two high-impedance lines (7) are connected with the four low-impedance lines (6) through metallized through holes (4) to form two half-wavelength vertical folding ladder-type impedance resonators (2) which are arranged in parallel, and coplanar waveguide transmission ports (1) arranged on two sides of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (8) are respectively connected with one of the high-impedance lines (7);
The areas of the two low-impedance lines (6) in the two half-wavelength vertical folded ladder impedance resonators (2) are different, so that the two half-wavelength vertical folded ladder impedance resonators (2) are asymmetric, two transmission zeros are generated, the two half-wavelength vertical folded ladder impedance resonators (2) are mixed and coupled to form a passband, and the two formed pairs of mixed couplers are different in strength, so that the other two transmission zeros are generated.
2. The miniaturized microstrip filter of claim 1, wherein the miniaturized microstrip filter comprises: the two sides and the lower surface of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (8) are respectively provided with a metal ground (3), the metal grounds (3) at the two sides of the upper surface are respectively provided with a row of metallized through holes (4) to surround the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator (2), and the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator is connected with the metal ground (3) at the lower surface through the metallized through holes (4).
3. A miniaturized microstrip filter with low insertion loss, low cost and multiple zero points is characterized in that: the dielectric resonator comprises a dielectric substrate (8) and a vertical folding ladder impedance resonator (2); the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator (2) is positioned in the middle of the dielectric substrate (8), and coplanar waveguide transmission ports (1) connected with the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator (2) are arranged on two sides of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (8);
The vertical folding ladder impedance resonator (2) comprises a folded low impedance line (6) and a high impedance line (7), the low impedance line (6) is arranged on the upper surface of a dielectric substrate (8), the high impedance line (7) is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (8), the low impedance line and the high impedance line are connected through a metallized via hole (4) to form the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator (2) with small size, and the position with the strongest electric field distribution and the position with the strongest magnetic field distribution in the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator (2) are isolated in different layers through the low impedance line (6) and the high impedance line (7), so that independent control of electric coupling and magnetic coupling is realized;
Four low-impedance lines (6) are arranged on the upper surface of a medium substrate (8), two high-impedance lines (7) are arranged on the lower surface of the medium substrate (8), the four low-impedance lines (6) are connected with the two high-impedance lines (7) through metallized through holes (4), each high-impedance line (7) is connected with a metal ground (3) through a grounding branch (5) to form a left pair of four-wavelength vertical folding ladder-impedance resonators (2) which are distributed in a square shape, and the coplanar waveguide transmission ports (1) arranged on two sides of the lower surface of the medium substrate (8) are respectively connected with one high-impedance line (7);
Each pair comprises an upper quarter-wavelength vertical folding ladder impedance resonator (2) and a lower quarter-wavelength vertical folding ladder impedance resonator, which respectively form a passband path, and the areas of two low impedance lines (6) in the upper quarter-wavelength vertical folding ladder impedance resonators and the lower quarter-wavelength vertical folding ladder impedance resonators are different, so that the upper quarter-wavelength vertical folding ladder impedance resonators (2) and the lower quarter-wavelength vertical folding ladder impedance resonators (2) are asymmetric, electric coupling is formed between the low impedance lines (6) in each pair of vertical folding ladder impedance resonators (2), and the coupling strength is adjusted by adjusting the size of a gap between the two low impedance lines (6);
The mixed coupling exists between the two passband paths, the electric coupling is controlled and regulated through the low impedance line (6), the magnetic coupling is controlled and regulated through the grounding branch knot (5), two transmission zero points are generated between the two passband paths, the two grounding branch knots (5) are mutually close to form source load coupling, and more transmission zero points are introduced.
4. A low insertion loss low cost multi-zero miniaturized microstrip filter as in claim 3 wherein: the two sides and the lower surface of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (8) are respectively provided with a metal ground (3), the metal grounds (3) at the two sides of the upper surface are respectively provided with a row of metallized through holes (4) to surround the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator (2), and the vertical folding ladder impedance resonator is connected with the metal ground (3) at the lower surface through the metallized through holes (4).
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