CN114346245A - Long-life rare earth molybdenum crucible and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Long-life rare earth molybdenum crucible and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a rare earth molybdenum crucible with a long service life and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problems of short service life of the conventional molybdenum crucible and high use cost of a tungsten crucible. The method can prepare the molybdenum crucible for smelting the rare earth with long service life, and the molybdenum crucible prepared by the method is made of materials such as pure molybdenum-pure tungsten, molybdenum lanthanum oxide-tungsten lanthanum oxide, molybdenum cerium oxide-tungsten cerium oxide, molybdenum zirconium oxide-tungsten zirconium oxide, molybdenum yttrium oxide-tungsten yttrium oxide and the like; the crucible has the advantages of high density of more than 94%, high purity, good interface connectivity, high interface strength, small grain size and suitability for batch production, and the main research content of the patent is to prepare the crucible with a mouth part made of tungsten and middle and lower walls and the bottom made of molybdenum, so that the service life is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of powder metallurgy, and particularly relates to a long-life rare earth molybdenum crucible and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Molybdenum is a refractory rare metal and has a density of 10.2g/cm3The melting point is 2610 ℃ and the boiling point is 5560 ℃. Molybdenum not only has excellent physical properties such as high melting point, good wear resistance, small thermal expansion coefficient, good heat conductivity and the like, but also has high chemical stability, does not react with hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid and alkali solution at normal temperature, is only dissolved in nitric acid, aqua regia or concentrated sulfuric acid, is quite stable to most of liquid metal, non-metal slag and molten glass, and has wide application in the fields of metallurgy, glass, ceramics, military equipment, high-temperature furnaces and the like due to the excellent properties. The patent aims at producing rare earth gold by reducing rare earth oxide by an electrolytic methodThe method belongs to the research of molybdenum crucibles. Molybdenum crucibles for reducing rare earths generally comprise pure molybdenum crucibles (molybdenum content greater than 99.9%) or molybdenum alloy crucibles (generally doped with small amounts of at least 1 of cerium oxide, lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide, zirconium oxide, with a total content of doped substances not greater than 3% by mass). The molybdenum alloy crucible is added with oxide dispersed phase, the grain size of the molybdenum alloy crucible is reduced, the relative density of the molybdenum alloy crucible is increased, but the service life of the molybdenum alloy crucible is not obviously prolonged compared with that of a pure molybdenum crucible.
When the crucible for smelting rare earth by the electrolytic method is normally used, the opening part is gradually consumed until the height of the wall is very low so as to be insufficient to meet the use requirement. The wall thickness and the bottom thickness of the crucible become thinner during use, but this is not the root cause for the crucible to be finally unusable. The consumption was observed to be oral-downward consumption through long-term use due to: during production, in the process of taking the pouring material out of the electrolytic furnace, the electrolyte flows down along the wall of the crucible, so that the opening part of the crucible is exposed to the air, the lower part is still protected by the electrolyte, so that the lower part is not exposed to the air, the temperature of the crucible is about 1100 ℃, the opening part of the crucible is rapidly oxidized in the air, and the middle lower part is not oxidized under the protection of the electrolyte, so that the opening part is consumed firstly. Therefore, it is important to enhance the protection of the mouth and to reduce the oxidation of the mouth in the exposed air.
Tungsten is also a refractory rare metal with a theoretical density of 19.35g/cm3The melting point was 3410 ℃. Tungsten has the characteristics of high melting point, small thermal expansion coefficient, good heat conductivity, good corrosion resistance and the like, and has stronger oxidation resistance in air than molybdenum. And long-term use discovers that the pure tungsten crucible has longer service life than the pure molybdenum crucible under the same use condition, the service life of the pure tungsten crucible is about 2 times of that of the pure molybdenum crucible, but the tungsten has high density, single weight and high price, and the situation that the service life is not reached and needs to be replaced due to continuous updating exists in use, so that the cost performance of the tungsten is not as high as that of the molybdenum on the whole. Therefore, the main research content of the patent is to prepare the crucible with the mouth part made of tungsten and the middle and lower walls and the bottom part made of molybdenum, thereby prolonging the service life.
After the service life is prolonged, the production cost of rare earth metal or rare earth alloy during preparation can be reduced, precious molybdenum resources can be saved for the country, and the method has great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a rare earth molybdenum crucible with a long service life, which comprises the following steps:
step a, powder selection: selecting raw material powder meeting the requirements;
step b, powder batching: separately batching the powder of the component A and the powder of the component B;
step c, packaging the package: sequentially filling the powder of the component B and the powder of the component A into a package, compacting and sealing;
step d, hot isostatic pressing sintering: placing the sheath filled with the powder into a hot isostatic pressing machine for sintering treatment to obtain a crucible blank with the sheath;
step e, machining: and turning and removing the sheath of the crucible blank by a lathe to obtain a crucible, and machining the crucible to obtain a finished product.
Further, in the step b, the batching method is a mechanical mixing method.
Further, the height at which the component B is provided is 1/5 of the crucible height.
Further, in step c, the step of sealing the sheath includes the following steps:
step c1, welding a cover plate on the sheath;
and c2, placing the sheath in a vacuum electron beam welding cavity for vacuumizing, and welding the extraction opening on the cover plate by using the vacuum electron beam welding.
Furthermore, the vacuum degree in the vacuum electron beam welding cavity is 1 x 10-2Pa, the temperature is 300-500 ℃.
Further, in the step d, the temperature rise rate of the hot isostatic pressing treatment is 500 ℃/h, the pressure is 200MPa and 170-.
A long life rare earth molybdenum crucible made by the method of any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising a component a and a component B, wherein the component a comprises molybdenum powder and the component B comprises tungsten powder.
Further, the component A is pure molybdenum powder or a mixture of molybdenum powder and oxide powder; the component B is pure tungsten powder or the mixture of tungsten powder and oxide powder.
Further, the oxide powder is cerium oxide powder, yttrium oxide powder, zirconium oxide powder, lanthanum hydroxide powder.
Further, the granularity of the molybdenum powder is 3.0-4.0 μm, and the granularity of the tungsten powder is 1.5-2.5 μm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the purity of the raw material powder selected in the long-life rare earth molybdenum crucible is more than 99.9%; the granularity of the pure molybdenum powder is preferably 3.5 microns, the granularity of the pure tungsten powder is preferably 2 microns, the granularity matching of the molybdenum powder and the tungsten powder is proper, and the density and the grain size of the obtained sintering blank are optimal;
(2) the preparation method of the rare earth molybdenum crucible with long service life can be used for preparing pure molybdenum-pure tungsten and various doped disperse phase crucibles, and the material is rich;
(3) according to the preparation method of the long-life rare earth molybdenum crucible, the hot isostatic pressing mode is adopted for sintering, blanks with various specifications can be obtained, and the uniformity is good;
(4) the opening part of the crucible in the long-life rare earth molybdenum crucible is made of tungsten material, the middle lower wall and the bottom part of the crucible are made of molybdenum material, so that the oxidation of the crucible exposed in the air during use is greatly weakened, the service life is prolonged, after the service life is prolonged, the production cost during the preparation of rare earth metal or rare earth alloy can be reduced, precious molybdenum resources can be saved for the country, and the long-life rare earth molybdenum crucible has great significance;
(5) the preparation method of the rare earth molybdenum crucible with the long service life has the advantages of good matching of all steps, obvious overall synergistic effect, simple and easy operation steps and contribution to mass production.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a long-life rare earth molybdenum crucible according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of the present invention after it has been wrapped;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a finished long-life rare earth molybdenum crucible of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the tungsten-molybdenum interface gold phase of the long-life rare earth molybdenum crucible of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-an extraction opening, 2-a welding seam, 3-a cover plate, 4-a sheath, 5-a component A and 6-a component B.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the rare earth molybdenum crucible with long service life and the preparation method thereof, and solves the problems of short service life of the existing molybdenum crucible and high use cost of the existing tungsten crucible. The method can prepare the molybdenum crucible for smelting the rare earth with long service life, and the molybdenum crucible prepared by the method is made of materials such as pure molybdenum-pure tungsten, molybdenum lanthanum oxide-tungsten lanthanum oxide, molybdenum cerium oxide-tungsten cerium oxide, molybdenum zirconium oxide-tungsten zirconium oxide, molybdenum yttrium oxide-tungsten yttrium oxide and the like; the crucible has the advantages of high density of more than 94%, high purity, good interface connectivity, high interface strength, small grain size and suitability for batch production, and the main research content of the patent is to prepare the crucible with a mouth part made of tungsten and middle and lower walls and the bottom made of molybdenum, so that the service life is prolonged.
The preparation method of the rare earth molybdenum crucible with long service life, which is provided by the invention, as shown in figure 1, comprises the following steps:
step a, powder selection: selecting raw material powder meeting the requirements;
step b, powder batching: separately batching the powder of the component A and the powder of the component B;
step c, packaging the package: sequentially filling the powder of the component B and the powder of the component A into a package, compacting and sealing;
step d, hot isostatic pressing sintering: placing the sheath filled with the powder into a hot isostatic pressing machine for sintering treatment to obtain a crucible blank with the sheath;
step e, machining: and turning and removing the sheath of the crucible blank on a lathe to obtain a crucible, and machining the crucible to obtain a finished product.
Preferably, the long-life rare earth molybdenum crucible prepared by the invention comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the component A mainly comprises molybdenum powder, the component B mainly comprises tungsten powder, and the component A is pure molybdenum powder or the mixture of molybdenum powder and oxide powder; the component B is pure tungsten powder or the mixture of tungsten powder and oxide powder, and the oxide is cerium oxide powder, yttrium oxide powder, zirconium oxide powder and lanthanum hydroxide powder.
Illustratively, in the step of selecting the powder, the raw materials include molybdenum powder, tungsten powder, lanthanum hydroxide powder, cerium oxide powder, yttrium oxide powder and zirconium oxide powder, and the preferred powder purity is above 99.9%. The crucible is made of pure molybdenum-pure tungsten, molybdenum lanthanum oxide-tungsten lanthanum oxide, molybdenum cerium oxide-tungsten cerium oxide, molybdenum yttrium oxide-tungsten yttrium oxide, molybdenum zirconium oxide-tungsten zirconium oxide and the like.
In the preparation method, as a preferred embodiment, in the powder selecting step, the particle size of the molybdenum powder is 3.0-4.0 μm, the particle size of the tungsten powder is 1.5-2.5 μm, and more preferably, the particle size of the molybdenum powder is 3.5 μm, and the particle size of the tungsten powder is 2 μm. The optimum sintering temperature of molybdenum is lower than that of tungsten, the powder is easier to sinter as the granularity of the powder is smaller, the consistency of relative densities of simultaneous sintering is better when the molybdenum powder with larger granularity and the tungsten powder with smaller granularity are selected, the granularity of the raw material powder is limited in the range, the subsequent sintering condition is better, and the density and the grain size of the obtained sintered blank are optimal.
In a preferred embodiment, in the powder batching step (mixing process of powders obtained from different batches of production processes with the same chemical composition is called batching), the batching method adopts a mechanical mixing method, and illustratively, the batching time of pure molybdenum powder is 3h, the batching time of pure tungsten powder is 3h, the batching time of molybdenum-doped powder is 12h, and the batching time of tungsten-doped powder is 12 h.
Illustratively, the pure molybdenum-pure tungsten crucible is formed by separately mixing pure molybdenum powder and pure tungsten powder; the molybdenum-doped tungsten crucible is formed by separately mixing molybdenum powder-doped material and tungsten powder-doped material.
As a preferred embodiment, in the sheathing step, tungsten or tungsten alloy powder is firstly filled into the sheathing 4 according to the calculated powder filling amount, then molybdenum or molybdenum alloy powder is filled into the sheathing 4 according to the calculated powder filling amount, wherein the tungsten powder filling amount is calculated by taking 1/5, which is the height of a tungsten layer in the finished product and accounts for the total height of the crucible, as a reference, the tungsten powder is filled and then is placed on a vibration platform for compaction, then an upper cover plate 3 and the powder filling sheathing 4 are welded, and then the sheathing 4 filled with the powder is placed in a vacuum electron beam welding cavity for welding an air exhaust port 1, wherein the vacuum degree is 1 x 10-2Pa, temperature 300-500 deg.C (such as 350 deg.C, 400 deg.C, 450 deg.C).
Illustratively, the sealing of the capsule 4 comprises two steps: firstly, welding a cover plate 3 on a sheath 4, and forming a welding seam 2 between the cover plate 3 and the sheath 4; and secondly, placing the sheath 4 in a vacuum electron beam welding cavity for vacuumizing, and welding the extraction opening 1 on the cover plate 3 by vacuum electron beam welding.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step of packaging, the material of the sheath 4 is pure molybdenum, and the thickness of the sheath 4 is 1-3mm (e.g. 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5 mm).
In a preferred embodiment, in the hot isostatic pressing sintering step, the hot isostatic pressing treatment is performed in a non-oxidizing atmosphere; more preferably, the non-oxidizing atmosphere is at least one of a nitrogen atmosphere, a helium atmosphere, and an argon atmosphere; further preferably, the reaction is carried out under an argon atmosphere. In the hot isostatic pressing step, the temperature rise rate of the hot isostatic pressing treatment is 100-500 ℃/h (such as 150 ℃/h, 200 ℃/h, 300 ℃/h, 400 ℃/h and 450 ℃/h), the highest temperature is 1900-2000 ℃ (such as 1920 ℃, 1940 ℃, 1960 ℃ and 1980 ℃), the pressure is 170-200MPa (such as 180MPa and 190MPa), and the holding time is 1-5h (such as 2h, 3h and 4 h). And (3) when the temperature is reduced to below 300 ℃ during discharging, extracting argon, uncovering the furnace and discharging, wherein the density of the obtained sintered blank is more than 94%.
In a preferred embodiment, the machining step is performed mainly on a horizontal lathe.
Illustratively, the long-life rare earth molybdenum crucible prepared by the preparation method has the relative density of more than 94%, the outer diameter of 100-300mm (120mm, 140mm, 160mm, 180mm, 200mm, 220mm, 240mm, 260mm and 280mm), the height of 100-300mm (120mm, 140mm, 160mm, 180mm, 200mm, 220mm, 240mm, 260mm and 280mm) and the wall thickness of 6-20mm (10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 16mm and 18 mm).
Example one
In this example, a pure molybdenum-pure tungsten crucible having a relative density of 99.4% or more was prepared, the crucible having an outer size of
The wall thickness is 10mm, and lower wall and bottom material are pure molybdenum in the crucible, and the mouth part material of crucible is pure tungsten, and the height of pure tungsten department is 30mm, and the concrete step is as follows:
step a, powder selection: molybdenum powder with the purity of 99.9 percent and the granularity of 3.5 mu m is selected as a component A; tungsten powder with the purity of 99.9 percent and the granularity of 2.0 mu m is taken as a component B;
step b, powder batching: mechanically batching the component A of molybdenum powder with the granularity of 3.5 mu m for 3 h; mechanically batching the component B of the tungsten powder with the granularity of 2.0 mu m for 3 hours;
step c, packaging the package: sequentially loading tungsten powder (component B) and molybdenum powder (component A) into a powder loading sheath in the sequence, compacting the powder on a vibration platform, welding an upper cover plate 3 and the powder loading sheath 4 to form a welding seam 2, placing the sheath 4 in a vacuum electron beam welding cavity for vacuumizing, welding an exhaust opening 1 on the cover plate 3 by vacuum electron beam welding to obtain a crucible blank with a sheath, wherein the thickness of the sheath is 1.5mm, the temperature during vacuumizing is 350 ℃, and the schematic diagram after sheath loading is shown in figure 2;
step d, hot isostatic pressing sintering: placing the sheath filled with the powder into a hot isostatic pressing machine for sintering treatment, wherein the sintering is carried out in an argon atmosphere, the argon pressure is 180MPa, the heating rate of the whole temperature section is 400 ℃/h, the maximum sintering temperature is 1950 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2h, so that a pure molybdenum-pure tungsten crucible blank with the sheath is obtained;
and e, removing the sleeve of the crucible blank obtained in the step d by using a horizontal lathe, and then processing the crucible blank into a finished product according to a finished product drawing shown in the figure 3.
The average value of the actual density of 10 pure molybdenum-pure tungsten crucibles prepared by the method of the embodiment measured by a hydrostatic weighing method is 11.37g/cm3The relative density averaged 96.9%. The purity of the obtained crucible material is more than 99.9 percent, the interface connectivity is good, the connection is tight, no obvious transition layer exists, the metallographic phase at the interface is shown in a figure 4, wherein the lower left corner is molybdenum Mo, the upper right corner is tungsten W, the interface strength is high, one side of tungsten is firstly broken when the tensile strength at normal temperature is tested, a fracture is not at the interface, the tensile strength is 160MPa, the average service life of the crucible is 3.8 months, and is 1.9 times of the service life of a pure molybdenum crucible.
Example two
This example prepares a molybdenum yttria-tungsten yttria crucible having a relative density of 99.4% or greater, the crucible having an outer dimension of
The thickness of the wall is 15mm, the material of the middle lower wall and the bottom of the crucible is molybdenum yttria, the material of the opening of the crucible is tungsten yttria, and the height of the tungsten yttria is 50 mm.
Step a, powder selection: yttrium oxide powder with the purity of 99.9 percent and the doping mass fraction of 1 percent in molybdenum powder with the granularity of 3.5 mu m is selected as a component A; yttrium oxide powder with the purity of 99.9 percent and the doping mass fraction of 1 percent in tungsten powder with the granularity of 2.0 mu m is taken as a component B;
step b, powder batching: mechanically batching the component A of the molybdenum yttrium oxide mixed powder for 12 hours; mechanically batching the component B of the tungsten yttrium oxide mixed powder for 12 hours;
step c, packaging the package: sequentially loading powder into a powder loading sheath according to the sequence of firstly loading tungsten yttrium oxide mixed powder (component B) and then loading molybdenum yttrium oxide mixed powder (component A), compacting the powder on a vibration platform, welding an upper cover plate 3 and the powder loading sheath 4 to form a welding line 2, placing the powder loading sheath into a hot isostatic pressing machine for sintering treatment, placing the sheath 4 in a vacuum electron beam welding cavity for vacuumizing, welding an extraction opening 1 on the cover plate 3 by vacuum electron beam welding to obtain a crucible blank with a sheath, wherein the thickness of the sheath is 2.5mm, and the temperature during vacuumizing is 450 ℃;
step d, hot isostatic pressing sintering: placing the sheath filled with the powder into a hot isostatic pressing machine for sintering treatment, wherein the sintering is carried out in an argon atmosphere, the argon pressure is 190MPa, the heating rate of the whole temperature section is 200 ℃/h, the maximum sintering temperature is 1990 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4h, so as to obtain a molybdenum-doped tungsten crucible blank with the sheath;
and e, removing the sheath of the crucible blank obtained in the step d by using a horizontal lathe, and then processing the crucible blank into a finished product according to a finished product drawing.
The average value of the actual density of 10 molybdenum yttrium oxide-tungsten yttrium oxide crucibles prepared by the method of the embodiment measured by a hydrostatic weighing method is 11.45g/cm3The relative density averaged 97.8%. The purity of the obtained crucible material is more than 99.9 percent, the interface connectivity is good, the interface strength is higher, when the tensile strength at normal temperature is tested, one side of tungsten is broken firstly, the fracture is not at the interface, the tensile strength is 260MPa, the average service life of the crucible is 4 months, and is about 2 times of the service life of a pure molybdenum crucible.
In order to observe the effect of the molybdenum crucible prepared by the preparation method of the long-life rare earth molybdenum crucible more intuitively, the embodiment of the invention also provides a pair of proportions.
Comparative example 1
In this example, a pure molybdenum crucible with a relative density of 99.4% or more was prepared, the crucible having a bulk size of
The wall thickness is 10mm, and the crucible material is pure molybdenum.
Step a, powder selection: selecting molybdenum powder with the purity of 99.9 percent and the granularity of 3.5 mu m;
step b, powder batching: mechanically batching the molybdenum powder for 3 hours;
step c, packaging the package: filling molybdenum powder into a powder filling sheath, compacting the powder filling sheath on a vibration platform after filling, welding an upper cover plate 3 and the powder filling sheath 4 to form a welding line 2, placing the sheath 4 in a vacuum electron beam welding cavity for vacuumizing, and welding an exhaust opening 1 on the cover plate 3 by vacuum electron beam welding to obtain a crucible blank with a sheath, wherein the thickness of the sheath is 1.5mm, and the temperature during vacuumizing is 350 ℃;
step d, hot isostatic pressing sintering: placing the sheath filled with the powder into a hot isostatic pressing machine for sintering treatment, wherein the sintering is carried out in an argon atmosphere, the argon pressure is 180MPa, the heating rate of the whole temperature section is 400 ℃/h, the maximum sintering temperature is 1950 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2h, so that a pure molybdenum crucible blank with the sheath is obtained;
and e, removing the sheath of the crucible blank obtained in the step d by using a horizontal lathe, and then processing the crucible blank into a finished product according to a finished product drawing.
The average value of the actual densities of 10 pure molybdenum crucibles prepared by the method of the embodiment measured by a hydrostatic weighing method is 9.95g/cm3The relative density averaged 97.5%. The purity of the obtained crucible material is more than 99.9 percent, the tensile strength at normal temperature is 350MPa, and the average service life of the crucible is 2 months.
Example 1 compared with comparative example 1, the average density of the pure molybdenum-pure tungsten crucible in example 1 was greater than that of the pure molybdenum crucible, and the average service life of the crucible was 3.8 months, which is 1.9 times the service life of the pure molybdenum crucible.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the rare earth molybdenum crucible with the long service life is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step a, powder selection: selecting raw material powder meeting the requirements;
step b, powder batching: separately batching the powder of the component A and the powder of the component B;
step c, packaging the package: sequentially filling the powder of the component B and the powder of the component A into a package, compacting and sealing;
step d, hot isostatic pressing sintering: placing the sheath filled with the powder into a hot isostatic pressing machine for sintering treatment to obtain a crucible blank with the sheath;
step e, machining: and turning and removing the sheath of the crucible blank by a lathe to obtain a crucible, and machining the crucible to obtain a finished product.
2. The method for preparing a long life rare earth molybdenum crucible as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step b, the batch method is a mechanical mixing method.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the height at which component B is present is 1/5 of the crucible height.
4. The method for preparing the long-life rare earth molybdenum crucible as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step c of sealing the sheath comprises the following steps:
step c1, welding a cover plate on the sheath;
and c2, placing the sheath in a vacuum electron beam welding cavity for vacuumizing, and welding the extraction opening on the cover plate by using the vacuum electron beam welding.
5. The method for preparing the long-life rare earth molybdenum crucible as recited in claim 4, wherein the vacuum degree in the vacuum electron beam welding chamber is 1 x 10-2Pa, and the temperature is 300-.
6. The preparation method of the long-life rare earth molybdenum crucible as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step d, the temperature rise rate of the hot isostatic pressing treatment is 100-.
7. A long life rare earth molybdenum crucible made by the method of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the molybdenum crucible comprises a component a and a component B, wherein the component a comprises molybdenum powder and the component B comprises tungsten powder.
8. The long life rare earth molybdenum crucible of claim 7, wherein said component A is pure molybdenum powder or a mixture of molybdenum powder and oxide powder; the component B is pure tungsten powder or the mixture of tungsten powder and oxide powder.
9. The long life rare earth molybdenum crucible of claim 8, wherein the oxide powder is cerium oxide powder, yttrium oxide powder, zirconium oxide powder, lanthanum hydroxide powder.
10. The long life rare earth molybdenum crucible of claim 7, wherein the molybdenum powder particle size is 3.0-4.0 μm and the tungsten powder particle size is 1.5-2.5 μm.
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