CN112116711B - Synthesizing method and device for truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application provides a synthesis method and a synthesis device of a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis, comprising the following steps: according to the real-time diameter D of the blood vessel t Performing three-dimensional modeling on the length L of the central line of the blood vessel to form a three-dimensional blood vessel model; performing N-edge grid division along the circumferential surface of the three-dimensional blood vessel model to form a single-layer grid model; and carrying out surface layering treatment on the single-layer grid model to form a double-layer grid model, namely a blood vessel mathematical model. The method solves the problem that the three-dimensional grid model of the blood vessel for hydrodynamic analysis is not available in the prior art, and fills up the blank of the industry; because the blood vessel wall has a certain thickness and mainly has a narrow problem on the inner wall of the blood vessel, the application builds a double-layer grid model by using the blood vessel mathematical model, has a certain thickness, has elasticity, can correct the blood flow velocity, and is more close to the real state of the blood vessel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coronary artery medicine, in particular to a synthesis method, a device and a system of a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis.
Background
The deposition of lipids and carbohydrates in human blood on the vessel wall will form plaque on the vessel wall, which in turn leads to stenosis of the vessel; especially, the stenosis of blood vessels around the coronary artery will lead to myocardial blood supply deficiency, induce coronary heart disease, angina pectoris and other diseases, and cause serious threat to human health. According to statistics, the number of patients with the existing coronary heart disease in China is about 1100 ten thousand, and the number of patients with cardiovascular interventional operation treatment is increased by more than 10% each year.
Although the conventional medical detection means such as Coronary Angiography (CAG) and Computed Tomography (CT) can show the severity of coronary stenosis of heart, the ischemia of the coronary artery cannot be accurately evaluated. In order to improve the accuracy of coronary blood vessel function evaluation, pijls in 1993 proposed a new index of calculating coronary blood vessel function by pressure measurement, namely fractional flow reserve (Fractional Flow Reserve, FFR), and FFR has become a gold standard for coronary stenosis function evaluation through long-term basic and clinical studies.
FFR is one of the coronary vessel assessment parameters, and the microcirculation resistance index IMR and the like belong to the coronary vessel assessment parameters.
In coronary angiography images, it is necessary to calculate coronary vessel assessment parameters in combination with hydrodynamic analysis CFD, whereas there is no mathematical model of vessels for hydrodynamic analysis in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a synthesis method, a device and a system of a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis, which are used for solving the problem that the blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis is not available in the prior art.
To achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present application provides a method for synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis, including:
according to the real-time diameter D of the blood vessel t Performing three-dimensional modeling on the length L of the central line of the blood vessel to form a three-dimensional blood vessel model;
performing N-edge grid division along the circumferential surface of the three-dimensional blood vessel model to form a single-layer grid model, wherein N is more than or equal to 6;
and carrying out surface layering treatment on the single-layer grid model to form a double-layer grid model, namely a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model.
Optionally, in the above method for synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis, the method for dividing N-edge type grids along a circumferential surface of the three-dimensional blood vessel model to form a single-layer grid model, where N is greater than or equal to 6 includes:
performing grid division by taking a triangle as a minimum unit along the circumferential surface of the three-dimensional blood vessel model;
according to the sequence, every N triangle combinations are converted into 1N polygons to form an N-polygon initial grid;
And deleting connecting lines inside each N-sided polygon in the N-sided polygon initial grid to form a single-layer N-sided polygon grid model, wherein N is more than or equal to 6.
Optionally, in the above method for synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis, the method for meshing with a triangle as a minimum unit along a circumferential surface of the three-dimensional blood vessel model includes:
dividing the three-dimensional blood vessel model into K segments,
and carrying out grid division on the circumferential surface of the three-dimensional blood vessel model by taking a triangle as a minimum unit.
Optionally, in the above synthesis method of the truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis, the triangle serving as the minimum unit is an isosceles triangle.
Optionally, in the above method for synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis, the surface layering processing is performed on the single-layer mesh model to form a double-layer mesh model, that is, the method for synthesizing the blood vessel mathematical model includes:
obtaining the wall thickness h of a blood vessel;
according to the wall thickness h of the blood vessel and the initial diameter D of the blood vessel Starting up End of vessel diameter D Powder (D) Three-dimensional modeling is carried out on the length L of the central line of the blood vessel, and a truncated cone three-dimensional model is formed on the inner surface or the outer surface of the single-layer grid model;
According to the acquisition method of the single-layer grid model, carrying out N-edge grid division along the circumferential surface of the round table three-dimensional model to form another single-layer grid model;
and forming the double-layer grid model, namely the blood vessel mathematical model, by the two layers of the single-layer grid model and the blood vessel wall thickness h.
Optionally, the method for synthesizing the truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis comprises the steps of t The three-dimensional modeling is carried out on the length L of the central line of the blood vessel, and the method for forming the three-dimensional blood vessel model comprises the following steps:
acquiring two-dimensional coronary angiography images of at least two body positions;
obtaining a real-time diameter D of a blood vessel according to the two-dimensional coronary angiography image t And a length L of the vessel after the vessel centerline is straightened;
according to said D t And L three-dimensional modeling to form a round table three-dimensional model.
Optionally, the synthesizing method of the truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis obtains a real-time diameter D of the blood vessel according to the two-dimensional coronary angiography image t And the method for the length L of the straightened blood vessel center line comprises the following steps:
extracting a blood vessel center line from the two-dimensional coronary angiography image of each body position along the direction from the coronary artery inlet to the coronary artery tail end;
Acquiring a straightened vessel image according to the coronary artery two-dimensional contrast image and the vessel center line;
acquiring a straightened blood vessel contour line according to the straightened blood vessel center line and the straightened blood vessel image;
obtaining geometrical information of the straightened blood vessel, including: real-time diameter D of blood vessel t And the length of the vessel center line after straightening, namely the center straight line length L.
Optionally, the method for synthesizing the truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis according to the D t And L three-dimensional modeling, the method for forming the round platform three-dimensional model comprises the following steps:
performing three-dimensional modeling according to the geometric information, the central line and the contour line to obtain a three-dimensional blood vessel model;
from the vessel real-time diameter D t Internal acquisition vessel initiation diameter D Starting up And vessel ending diameter D Powder (D) ；
According to said D Starting up 、D Powder (D) And L, carrying out three-dimensional modeling to form the round table three-dimensional model.
Optionally, the synthesizing method of the truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis is that after the acquiring of the two-dimensional coronary angiography images of at least two body positions, the synthesizing method is that according to the stepsCoronary artery two-dimensional radiography image to obtain real-time diameter D of blood vessel t Internal acquisition vessel initiation diameter D Starting up And vessel ending diameter D Powder (D) And the length L after the blood vessel center line is straightened, the method further comprises the following steps:
acquiring a blood vessel segment of interest from the coronary two-dimensional contrast image;
pick up the start and end points of the vessel segment of interest;
and dividing the local vascular region map corresponding to the starting point and the ending point from the two-dimensional coronary angiography image.
Optionally, in the above method for synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis, the method for segmenting the local blood vessel region map corresponding to the starting point and the ending point from the two-dimensional coronary angiography image further includes:
picking up at least one seed point of the vessel segment of interest;
and respectively dividing the two-dimensional contrast images between two adjacent points of the starting point, the seed point and the ending point to obtain at least two local vessel region diagrams.
Optionally, in the above method for synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis, the method for extracting a blood vessel center line from the two-dimensional coronary angiography image of each body position along a direction from a coronary inlet to a coronary end includes:
Performing image enhancement processing on the local vascular region map to obtain a rough vascular map with strong contrast;
grid dividing the rough blood vessel map, and extracting at least one blood vessel path line along the direction from the starting point to the ending point;
and selecting one blood vessel path line as the blood vessel central line.
Optionally, in the above method for synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis, the method for meshing the rough blood vessel map and extracting at least one blood vessel path line along the direction from the start point to the end point includes:
grid dividing the rough blood vessel map;
searching a shortest time path of the intersection points on the starting point and the n grids on the periphery along the extending direction of the blood vessel from the starting point to the ending point as a second point, searching the shortest time path of the intersection points on the second point and the n grids on the periphery as a third point, and repeating the steps until the shortest time path reaches the ending point, wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
and obtaining at least one blood vessel path line according to the search sequence from the blood vessel extending direction connecting line of the starting point to the ending point.
Optionally, in the method for synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis, the method for selecting one blood vessel path line as the blood vessel center line includes:
summing the time taken from the start point to the end point for each vessel path line if the vessel path line is two or more;
the vessel path line at which the minimum is taken as the vessel centerline.
Optionally, in the above method for synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis, the method for extracting a blood vessel center line from a two-dimensional coronary angiography image of each body position along a direction from a coronary inlet to a coronary end includes:
performing image processing on the local blood vessel region map to obtain a blood vessel rough trend line between the starting point and the ending point;
acquiring rough edge lines of blood vessels, wherein images between the rough edge lines of the blood vessels containing the rough trend lines of the blood vessels are blood vessel frameworks;
the vessel centerline is extracted from the vessel skeleton.
Optionally, the method for synthesizing the truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis includes:
Performing grid division on the processed regional image;
searching the vascular skeleton according to RGB values along the direction from the starting point to the ending point, searching a point where the minimum value of RGB difference values of the crossing points on the m grids at the periphery is located as a second point, searching a point where the minimum value of RGB difference values of the crossing points on the m grids at the periphery is located as a third point, and repeating the steps until the ending point is reached, wherein m is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
obtaining at least one connecting line from the starting point to the ending point according to the searching sequence;
if the connecting lines are two or more, selecting one connecting line as the central line of the blood vessel.
Optionally, in the above method for synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis, the method for obtaining a straightened blood vessel contour line according to the straightened blood vessel center line and the straightened blood vessel image includes:
setting a blood vessel diameter threshold D on the straightened blood vessel image Threshold value ；
According to said D Threshold value Generating a blood vessel preset contour line on two sides of the blood vessel center straight line;
and gradually converging the preset contour line of the blood vessel towards the straight line of the blood vessel center to obtain the straightened contour line of the blood vessel.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an apparatus for synthesizing a mathematical model of a blood vessel, comprising: the three-dimensional blood vessel model structure, the single-layer grid model structure and the blood vessel mathematical model structure are sequentially connected, and the blood vessel mathematical model structure is connected with the three-dimensional model structure;
the three-dimensional blood vessel model structure is used for measuring the diameter D of a blood vessel in real time t Performing three-dimensional modeling on the length L of the central line of the blood vessel to form a three-dimensional blood vessel model;
the single-layer grid model structure is used for carrying out N-edge grid division along the circumferential surface of the three-dimensional blood vessel model to form a single-layer grid model, wherein N is more than or equal to 6;
the blood vessel mathematical model structure is used for carrying out surface layering treatment on the single-layer grid model to form a double-layer grid model, namely a blood vessel mathematical model.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a coronary artery analysis system comprising: the device for synthesizing the vascular mathematical model.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer storage medium, where a computer program when executed by a processor implements the above-mentioned synthesis method for a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis.
The beneficial effects brought by the scheme provided by the embodiment of the application at least comprise:
The application provides a synthesis method of a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis, solves the problem that the blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis does not exist in the prior art, and fills up the blank of the industry. Because the vessel wall has certain thickness, and mainly can appear the narrow problem at the vessel inner wall, consequently this application will be through establishing double-deck net model with vessel mathematical model, has certain thickness, and the inlayer net model has elasticity, can play the correction effect to blood velocity, and outer net model can play the fixed effect of shape to inlayer net model, combines mechanical analysis can effectually alleviate the deformation of vessel inner wall, is close to the narrow circumstances of true blood vessel more. Further, the minimum unit of the single-layer grid model is set to be a polygon with the edge number more than or equal to 6, due to the fact that deformation capability of the triangle is poor, when one edge is impacted by external force, the other edge is deformed, so that the triangle is deformed greatly, when the hexagon is impacted by external force, only two edges are deformed, the other 4 edges are not deformed, therefore, the deformation of the hexagon is small, the double-layer grid model can form a hexagonal prism, the hexagonal prism is more stable relative to the triangle prism, and the hexagon has the advantages of being small in number of sampling points, high in sampling efficiency and the like relative to the triangle, on the basis of keeping the original vascular morphology, computational efficiency in CFD calculation of fluid mechanical analysis can be effectively improved, and calculation time is greatly shortened.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-layer mesh model of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of S02 of the present application;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of S03 of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of S01 of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of S400 of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of S500 of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a first method of S510 of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a flowchart of S520 of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a flow chart of a second method of S510 of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a flow chart of S530' of the present application;
FIG. 13 is a flowchart of S600 of the present application;
FIG. 14 is a flowchart of S700 of the present application;
fig. 15 is a flowchart of S730 of the present application;
FIG. 16 is a flow chart of S900 of the present application;
FIG. 17 is a three-dimensional vascular model;
FIG. 18 is a block diagram of an apparatus for synthesizing a mathematical model of a vessel of the circular truncated cone;
FIG. 19 is a block diagram of a single-layer mesh model structure;
FIG. 20 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a three-dimensional vascular model structure 1 of the present application;
fig. 21 is another structural block diagram of one embodiment of the three-dimensional vascular model structure 1 of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments of the present invention and corresponding drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Various embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the following drawings, in which details of the practice are set forth in the following description for the purpose of clarity. However, it should be understood that these practical details are not to be taken as limiting the invention. That is, in some embodiments of the invention, these practical details are unnecessary. Moreover, for the purpose of simplifying the drawings, some conventional structures and components are shown in the drawings in a simplified schematic manner.
In coronary angiography images, it is necessary to calculate coronary vessel assessment parameters in combination with hydrodynamic analysis, whereas there is no mathematical model of the vessel for hydrodynamic analysis in the prior art.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 2, the present application provides a method for synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis, including:
s01, according to the real-time diameter D of the blood vessel t Performing three-dimensional modeling on the length L of the central line of the blood vessel to form a three-dimensional blood vessel model;
s02, carrying out N-edge type grid division along the circumferential surface of the three-dimensional blood vessel model to form a single-layer grid model shown in the figure 3, wherein N is more than or equal to 6;
s03, carrying out surface layering treatment on the single-layer grid model to form a double-layer grid model, namely a blood vessel mathematical model shown in figure 1.
The application provides a synthesis method of a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis, solves the problem that a blood vessel three-dimensional grid model for hydrodynamic analysis does not exist in the prior art, and fills up the blank of the industry. Because the vessel wall has certain thickness, and mainly can appear the narrow problem at the vessel inner wall, consequently this application will be through establishing double-deck net model with vessel mathematical model, be close to the true state of blood vessel more, and outer net model can play the fixed effect of shape to the inlayer net model, combines mechanical analysis can effectually alleviate the deformation of vessel inner wall, is close to the narrow condition of true blood vessel more. Further, the minimum unit of the single-layer grid model is set to be a polygon with the edge number more than or equal to 6, due to the fact that deformation capability of the triangle is poor, when one edge is impacted by external force, the other edge is deformed, so that the triangle is deformed greatly, when the hexagon is impacted by external force, only two edges are deformed, the other 4 edges are not deformed, therefore, the deformation of the hexagon is small, the double-layer grid model can form a hexagonal prism, the hexagonal prism is more stable relative to the triangle prism, and the hexagon has the advantages of being small in number of sampling points, high in sampling efficiency and the like relative to the triangle, on the basis of keeping the original vascular morphology, computational efficiency in CFD calculation of fluid mechanical analysis can be effectively improved, and calculation time is greatly shortened.
Example 2:
the application provides a synthesis method of a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis, as shown in fig. 2, comprising the following steps:
s01, according to the real-time diameter D of the blood vessel t Three-dimensional modeling is performed on the length L of the central line of the blood vessel to form a three-dimensional blood vessel model, as shown in fig. 6, which comprises:
s100, acquiring two-dimensional coronary angiography images of at least two body positions; preferably, the included angle between the two body positions is larger than or equal to 30 degrees;
s200, acquiring a blood vessel segment of interest from the coronary two-dimensional contrast image;
s300, picking up a starting point and an ending point of a blood vessel segment of interest;
s400, segmenting a local vessel region diagram corresponding to a starting point and an ending point from a coronary artery two-dimensional radiography image, and as shown in FIG. 7, comprising:
s410, picking up at least one seed point of a vessel segment of interest;
s420, respectively dividing two-dimensional contrast images between two adjacent points of a starting point, a seed point and an ending point to obtain at least two local vessel region diagrams;
s500, obtaining the real-time diameter D of the blood vessel according to the two-dimensional coronary angiography image t And a length L after the vessel centerline is straightened, comprising:
along the direction from the coronary artery inlet to the coronary artery tail end, a blood vessel center line is extracted from the two-dimensional coronary artery radiography images of each body position, and the method comprises the following two methods:
As shown in fig. 8, the first method is:
s510, extracting at least one blood vessel path line from the local blood vessel region map of each body position, as shown in FIG. 9, respectively, including:
s511, in each local blood vessel region graph, taking a blood vessel segment of interest as a foreground, other regions as a background, strengthening the foreground, weakening the background, and obtaining a rough blood vessel graph with strong contrast;
s512, meshing the rough blood vessel map;
s513, searching a shortest time path of the intersection points on the starting point and the n grids at the periphery as a second point along the extending direction of the blood vessel from the starting point to the ending point, searching the shortest time path of the intersection points on the second point and the n grids at the periphery as a third point, and repeating the steps until the shortest time path reaches the ending point, wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
s514, connecting lines from the blood vessel extending direction of the starting point to the ending point according to the searching sequence to obtain at least one blood vessel path line;
s520, selecting a blood vessel path line as a blood vessel center line, as shown in FIG. 10, comprising:
s521, if two or more blood vessel path lines are provided, summing the time taken from the start point to the end point for each blood vessel path line;
S522, the blood vessel route line with the least number of times is taken as the blood vessel center line.
As shown in fig. 11, the second method is:
s510', performing image processing on the local blood vessel region graph to obtain a blood vessel rough trend line between a starting point and an ending point;
s520', acquiring rough edge lines of blood vessels, wherein images between the rough edge lines of the blood vessels containing rough trend lines of the blood vessels are blood vessel frameworks;
s530' extracting a vessel centerline from the vessel skeleton, as shown in fig. 12, includes:
s531', carrying out grid division on the processed regional image;
s532', searching the vascular skeleton along the direction from the starting point to the ending point according to the RGB values, searching the point where the minimum value of the RGB difference values of the crossing points on the starting point and the peripheral m grids is located as a second point, searching the point where the minimum value of the RGB difference values of the crossing points on the second point and the peripheral m grids is located as a third point, and repeating the steps until the ending point is reached, wherein m is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
s533', obtaining at least one connecting line from the starting point to the ending point according to the searching sequence;
s534', if two or more connecting lines are provided, one connecting line is selected as a blood vessel central line.
S600, obtaining a straightened blood vessel image according to the two-dimensional coronary angiography image and the blood vessel center line, as shown in fig. 13, comprising:
s610, straightening a blood vessel center line to obtain a blood vessel center line;
s620, dividing the local vascular zone map into x units along the vascular extension direction from the starting point to the ending point, wherein x is a positive integer;
s630, correspondingly arranging the blood vessel center line of each unit along the blood vessel center line;
s640, the image after corresponding setting is a straightened blood vessel image;
s700, acquiring a straightened blood vessel contour line according to the straightened blood vessel center line and the straightened blood vessel image, as shown in fig. 14, including:
s710, setting a blood vessel diameter threshold D on the straightened blood vessel image Threshold value ；
S720, according to D Threshold value Generating a blood vessel preset contour line on two sides of a blood vessel center straight line;
s730, gradually closing the preset contour line of the blood vessel to the straight line of the blood vessel center, and obtaining the straightened contour line of the blood vessel, as shown in FIG. 15, comprising:
s731, dividing the preset contour line of the blood vessel into y units, wherein y is a positive integer;
s732, acquiring z points of each unit, which are positioned on a preset contour line of each blood vessel;
s733, respectively converging z points towards the center line of the blood vessel in a grading manner along the direction perpendicular to the center line of the blood vessel to generate z converging points, wherein z is a positive integer;
S734, setting RGB difference threshold as delta RGB Threshold value Each time the blood vessel is closed along the direction perpendicular to the straight line of the center of the blood vessel, the RGB value of the closed point is compared with the RGB value of the point on the straight line of the center of the blood vessel, and when the difference value is less than or equal to delta RGB Threshold value When the blood vessel is closed, the closing point stops closing to the center of the blood vessel linearly;
s735, acquiring a close point as a contour point;
s736, connecting the contour points in sequence to form a smooth curve, namely a blood vessel contour line;
s800, acquiring geometrical information of the straightened blood vessel, wherein the geometrical information comprises the following steps: real-time diameter D of blood vessel t And the length of the vessel center line after straightening, namely the center straight line length L, is specifically:
(1) Real-time diameter D of blood vessel t (2) a vessel center line length L;
(1) Real-time diameter D of blood vessel t The acquisition method of (1) comprises the following steps:
along the direction perpendicular to the central straight line of the blood vessel, obtain the relative arrangementThe distance between all contour points is the real-time diameter D of the blood vessel t 。
S900, according to the D t And L three-dimensional modeling to form a truncated cone three-dimensional model, as shown in FIG. 16, comprising:
s910, real-time diameter D from the blood vessel t Internal acquisition vessel initiation diameter D Starting up And vessel ending diameter D Powder (D) And a vessel center straight line length L;
s920, according to D Starting up And D Powder (D) And L three-dimensional modeling to form a truncated cone three-dimensional model shown in FIG. 17;
S02, carrying out N-edge type grid division along the circumferential surface of the three-dimensional blood vessel model to form a single-layer grid model, wherein N is more than or equal to 6, and the method comprises the following steps of:
s021 is to divide the mesh along the circumference of the three-dimensional blood vessel model by taking a triangle as a minimum unit, and comprises the following steps:
dividing the three-dimensional blood vessel model into K segments,
on the circumferential surface of the three-dimensional blood vessel model of each section, carrying out grid division by taking a triangle as a minimum unit, wherein the triangle serving as the minimum unit is preferably an isosceles triangle;
s022, converting each N triangle combinations into 1N polygons according to the sequence to form an N-polygon initial grid;
s023, deleting connecting lines inside each N-polygon in the N-polygon initial grid to form a single-layer N-polygon grid model, wherein N is more than or equal to 6;
s03, carrying out surface layering treatment on the single-layer grid model to form a double-layer grid model, namely a blood vessel mathematical model, as shown in FIG. 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s031, obtaining the wall thickness h of a blood vessel; preferably, h=0.2 mm to 2mm;
s032, starting from the vessel wall thickness h, the vessel start diameter D and the vessel end diameter D Powder (D) Three-dimensional modeling is carried out on the length L of the central line of the blood vessel, and a truncated cone three-dimensional model is formed on the inner surface or the outer surface of the single-layer grid model;
S033, according to the acquisition method of the single-layer grid model, carrying out N-edge grid division along the circumferential surface of the round table three-dimensional model to form another single-layer grid model;
s034, forming the double-layer grid model, namely the blood vessel mathematical model, by the two layers of the single-layer grid model and the blood vessel wall thickness h.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 18, the present application provides an apparatus for synthesizing a mathematical model of a blood vessel, comprising: the three-dimensional blood vessel model structure 1, the single-layer grid model structure 2 and the round table blood vessel mathematical model structure 3 are sequentially connected, and the blood vessel mathematical model structure 3 is connected with the three-dimensional model structure 1; the three-dimensional blood vessel model structure 1 is used for real-time diameter D according to blood vessels t Performing three-dimensional modeling on the length L of the central line of the blood vessel to form a three-dimensional blood vessel model; the single-layer grid model structure 2 is used for carrying out N-edge grid division along the circumferential surface of the three-dimensional blood vessel model to form a single-layer grid model, wherein N is more than or equal to 6; the blood vessel mathematical model structure 3 is used for carrying out surface layering treatment on the single-layer grid model to form a double-layer grid model, namely a blood vessel mathematical model.
As shown in fig. 20, the three-dimensional blood vessel model structure 1 further includes: the device comprises a central line extraction unit 100, a straightening unit 200, a contour line unit 300, a geometric information unit 400 and a three-dimensional modeling unit 500 which are sequentially connected; the straightening unit 200 is connected with the geometric information unit 400, and the three-dimensional modeling unit 500 is connected with the straightening unit 200 and the contour line unit 300; the central line extraction unit 100 is configured to extract a blood vessel central line from two-dimensional coronary angiography images of at least two body positions along a direction from a coronary artery inlet to a coronary artery end; the straightening unit 200 is configured to receive the vessel centerline sent by the centerline extracting unit 100, and obtain a straightened vessel image according to the two-dimensional coronary angiography image and the vessel centerline; the contour line unit 300 is configured to receive the straightened blood vessel image sent by the straightening unit 200, and obtain a straightened blood vessel contour line according to the straightened blood vessel center line and the straightened blood vessel image; the geometric information unit 400 is configured to receive the straightened blood vessel image sent by the straightening unit 200 and the blood vessel contour line sent by the contour line unit 300, and obtain geometric information of the straightened blood vessel; the three-dimensional modeling unit 500 is configured to receive the straightened blood vessel image sent by the straightening unit 200, the blood vessel contour line sent by the contour line unit 300, and the geometric information of the blood vessel sent by the geometric information unit 400, and perform three-dimensional modeling according to the geometric information, the center line, and the contour line, so as to obtain a three-dimensional blood vessel model.
As shown in fig. 21, in one embodiment of the present application, the apparatus further includes: an image segmentation unit 600 connected to the center line extraction unit 100; the image segmentation unit 600 is configured to segment a local vessel region map corresponding to a start point and an end point from the two-dimensional coronary angiography image, or segment a two-dimensional angiography image between two adjacent points of the start point, the seed point and the end point, so as to obtain at least two local vessel region maps.
As shown in fig. 21, in one embodiment of the present application, the center line extraction unit 100 further includes: the blood vessel path module 110 and the blood vessel center line extraction module 120 are sequentially connected, and the blood vessel path module 110 is connected with the image segmentation unit 600; a vessel path module 110 for extracting at least one vessel path line from the local vessel region map of each body position, respectively; the blood vessel centerline extracting module 120 is configured to select one of the blood vessel route lines sent by the blood vessel route module 110 as a blood vessel centerline.
As shown in fig. 19, in one embodiment of the present application, the single-layer mesh model structure 2 further includes: the triangle mesh dividing unit 21, the N-sided polygon mesh dividing unit 22 and the single-layer mesh model unit 23 are sequentially connected, and the single-layer mesh model unit 23 is connected with the blood vessel mathematical model structure 3; the triangle mesh dividing unit 21 is connected with the three-dimensional modeling unit 500, and is used for performing mesh division along the circumferential surface of the three-dimensional blood vessel model by taking a triangle as a minimum unit; the N-sided polygon mesh dividing unit 22 is configured to sequentially convert each N triangle combinations into 1N sided polygons, to form an N sided polygon initial mesh; the single-layer grid model unit 23 is used for deleting connecting lines inside each N-polygon in the N-polygon initial grid to form a single-layer N-polygon grid model, wherein N is more than or equal to 6.
The present application provides a coronary artery analysis system comprising: the device for synthesizing the vascular mathematical model.
The application provides a computer storage medium, and a computer program which is executed by a processor realizes the synthesis method of the circular truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various aspects of the present invention may be implemented as a system, method, or computer program product. Accordingly, aspects of the invention may be embodied in the following forms, namely: an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.) or an embodiment combining hardware and software aspects may all generally be referred to herein as a "circuit," module "or" system. Furthermore, in some embodiments, aspects of the invention may also be implemented in the form of a computer program product in one or more computer-readable media having computer-readable program code embodied therein. Implementation of the methods and/or systems of embodiments of the present invention may involve performing or completing selected tasks manually, automatically, or a combination thereof.
For example, hardware for performing selected tasks according to embodiments of the invention could be implemented as a chip or circuit. As software, selected tasks according to embodiments of the invention could be implemented as a plurality of software instructions being executed by a computer using any suitable operating system. In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, one or more tasks according to exemplary embodiments of the method and/or system as herein, such as a computing platform for executing a plurality of instructions, are performed by a data processor. Optionally, the data processor comprises volatile storage for storing instructions and/or data and/or non-volatile storage for storing instructions and/or data, e.g. a magnetic hard disk and/or a removable medium. Optionally, a network connection is also provided. A display and/or a user input device such as a keyboard or mouse are optionally also provided.
Any combination of one or more computer readable may be utilized. The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or a combination of any of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable storage medium would include the following:
An electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In this document, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
The computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, either in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated data signal may take any of a variety of forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A computer readable signal medium may also be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
For example, computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, smalltalk, C ++ or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of remote computers, the remote computer may be connected to the user computer through any kind of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., connected through the internet using an internet service provider).
It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the computer program instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable medium that can direct a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable medium produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks (article of manufacture).
The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer (e.g., a coronary artery analysis system) or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other devices to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer, other programmable device or other devices provide processes for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The foregoing embodiments of the present invention have been described in some detail by way of illustration of the principles of the invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments of the invention but is intended to cover modifications, equivalents, alternatives and modifications within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (16)
1. The synthesis method of the truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
according to the real-time diameter D of the blood vessel t Performing three-dimensional modeling on the length L of the central line of the blood vessel to form a three-dimensional blood vessel model;
wherein the real-time diameter D of the blood vessel t The three-dimensional modeling is carried out on the length L of the central line of the blood vessel, and the method for forming the three-dimensional blood vessel model comprises the following steps:
acquiring two-dimensional coronary angiography images of at least two body positions;
extracting a blood vessel center line from the two-dimensional coronary angiography image of each body position along the direction from the coronary artery inlet to the coronary artery tail end;
acquiring a straightened vessel image according to the coronary artery two-dimensional contrast image and the vessel center line;
setting a blood vessel diameter threshold D on the straightened blood vessel image Threshold value ；
According to said D Threshold value Generating a blood vessel preset contour line on two sides of the blood vessel center line;
gradually converging the preset contour line of the blood vessel towards the central line of the blood vessel to obtain a straightened contour line of the blood vessel;
obtaining geometrical information of the straightened blood vessel, including: real-time diameter D of blood vessel t And the length of the vessel center line after straightening is the center straight line length L;
according to said D t And L three-dimensional modeling to form another round platform three-dimensional model, namely a three-dimensional blood vessel model;
Performing N-edge grid division along the circumferential surface of the three-dimensional blood vessel model to form a single-layer grid model, wherein N is more than or equal to 6;
and carrying out surface layering treatment on the single-layer grid model to form a double-layer grid model, namely a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model.
2. The method of synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis according to claim 1, wherein the method of forming a single-layer mesh model by N-edge meshing along a circumferential surface of the three-dimensional blood vessel model, wherein N is equal to or greater than 6, comprises:
performing grid division by taking a triangle as a minimum unit along the circumferential surface of the three-dimensional blood vessel model;
according to the sequence, every N triangle combinations are converted into 1N polygons to form an N-polygon initial grid;
and deleting connecting lines inside each N-sided polygon in the N-sided polygon initial grid to form a single-layer N-sided polygon grid model, wherein N is more than or equal to 6.
3. The method for synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis according to claim 2, wherein the method for meshing with a triangle as a minimum unit along the circumferential surface of the three-dimensional blood vessel model comprises:
dividing the three-dimensional blood vessel model into K sections;
And carrying out grid division on the circumferential surface of the three-dimensional blood vessel model by taking a triangle as a minimum unit.
4. The method of synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis according to claim 2, wherein the triangle as a minimum unit is an isosceles triangle.
5. The method for synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis according to claim 1, wherein the method for forming a double-layer mesh model, i.e., a blood vessel mathematical model, by performing surface layering processing on the single-layer mesh model comprises:
obtaining the wall thickness h of a blood vessel;
according to the wall thickness h of the blood vessel and the initial diameter D of the blood vessel Starting up End of vessel diameter D Powder (D) And blood vesselThe length L of the central line is subjected to three-dimensional modeling, and a truncated cone three-dimensional model is formed on the inner surface or the outer surface of the single-layer grid model;
according to the acquisition method of the single-layer grid model, carrying out N-edge grid division along the circumferential surface of the round table three-dimensional model to form another single-layer grid model;
and forming the double-layer grid model, namely the truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model, by the two layers of the single-layer grid model and the blood vessel wall thickness h.
6. The method of synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis of claim 1, wherein said method is performed according to said D t And L three-dimensional modeling, the method for forming the round platform three-dimensional model comprises the following steps:
performing three-dimensional modeling according to the geometric information, the central line and the blood vessel contour line to obtain a three-dimensional blood vessel model;
from the vessel real-time diameter D t Internal acquisition vessel initiation diameter D Starting up And vessel ending diameter D Powder (D) ；
According to said D Starting up 、D Powder (D) And L, carrying out three-dimensional modeling to form the round table three-dimensional model.
7. The method of synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis according to claim 6, wherein after said acquiring of at least two body-position coronary two-dimensional contrast images, a real-time diameter D of a blood vessel is obtained from said coronary two-dimensional contrast images t Internal acquisition vessel initiation diameter D Starting up And vessel ending diameter D Powder (D) And the length L after the blood vessel center line is straightened, the method further comprises the following steps:
acquiring a blood vessel segment of interest from the coronary two-dimensional contrast image;
pick up the start and end points of the vessel segment of interest;
and dividing the local vascular region map corresponding to the starting point and the ending point from the two-dimensional coronary angiography image.
8. The method for synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis according to claim 7, wherein the method for segmenting the local blood vessel region map corresponding to the start point and the end point from the two-dimensional coronary angiography image further comprises:
picking up at least one seed point of the vessel segment of interest;
and respectively dividing the two-dimensional contrast images between two adjacent points of the starting point, the seed point and the ending point to obtain at least two local vessel region diagrams.
9. The method of synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis of claim 8, wherein said method of extracting a vessel centerline from said two-dimensional contrast image of the coronary artery for each body position along the direction from the coronary artery inlet to the coronary artery end comprises:
performing image enhancement processing on the local vascular region map to obtain a rough vascular map with strong contrast;
grid dividing the rough blood vessel map, and extracting at least one blood vessel path line along the direction from the starting point to the ending point;
and selecting one blood vessel path line as the blood vessel central line.
10. The method of synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis of claim 9, wherein said meshing said rough blood vessel map along said starting point to said ending point, said extracting at least one blood vessel path line comprises:
Grid dividing the rough blood vessel map;
searching a shortest time path of the intersection points on the starting point and the n grids on the periphery along the extending direction of the blood vessel from the starting point to the ending point as a second point, searching a shortest time path of the intersection points on the second point and the n grids on the periphery as a third point, and repeating the steps of claims 1-9 until the shortest time path reaches the ending point, wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
and obtaining at least one blood vessel path line according to the search sequence from the blood vessel extending direction connecting line of the starting point to the ending point.
11. The method of synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis of claim 10, wherein said selecting one of said blood vessel path lines as said blood vessel centerline comprises:
summing the time taken from the start point to the end point for each vessel path line if the vessel path line is two or more;
the vessel path line at which the minimum is taken as the vessel centerline.
12. The method of synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis of claim 7, wherein said method of extracting a blood vessel centerline from a two-dimensional contrast image of coronary arteries for each body location along a direction from a coronary artery inlet to a coronary artery end comprises:
Performing image processing on the local blood vessel region map to obtain a blood vessel rough trend line between the starting point and the ending point;
acquiring rough edge lines of blood vessels, wherein images between the rough edge lines of the blood vessels containing the rough trend lines of the blood vessels are blood vessel frameworks;
the vessel centerline is extracted from the vessel skeleton.
13. The method of synthesizing a truncated cone blood vessel mathematical model for hydrodynamic analysis of claim 12, wherein said method of extracting said vessel centerline from said vessel skeleton comprises:
performing grid division on the processed regional image;
searching the vascular skeleton according to RGB values along the direction from the starting point to the ending point, searching a point where the minimum value of RGB difference values of the crossing points on the m grids at the periphery is located as a second point, searching a point where the minimum value of RGB difference values of the crossing points on the m grids at the periphery is located as a third point, and repeating the steps until the ending point is reached, wherein m is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
obtaining at least one connecting line from the starting point to the ending point according to the searching sequence;
If the connecting lines are two or more, selecting one connecting line as the central line of the blood vessel.
14. Device for synthesizing a mathematical model of a truncated cone blood vessel, for use in a method for synthesizing a mathematical model of a truncated cone blood vessel for hydrodynamic analysis according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that it comprises: the three-dimensional blood vessel model structure, the single-layer grid model structure and the blood vessel mathematical model structure are sequentially connected, and the blood vessel mathematical model structure is connected with the three-dimensional blood vessel model structure;
the three-dimensional blood vessel model structure is used for measuring the diameter D of a blood vessel in real time t Performing three-dimensional modeling on the length L of the central line of the blood vessel to form a three-dimensional blood vessel model;
the single-layer grid model structure is used for carrying out N-edge grid division along the circumferential surface of the three-dimensional blood vessel model to form a single-layer grid model, wherein N is more than or equal to 6;
the blood vessel mathematical model structure is used for carrying out surface layering treatment on the single-layer grid model to form a double-layer grid model, namely a blood vessel mathematical model.
15. A coronary artery analysis system, comprising: the apparatus for synthesizing a mathematical model of a vessel of the circular truncated cone of claim 14.
16. A computer storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for synthesizing a mathematical model of a circular truncated cone blood vessel for hydrodynamic analysis of any one of claims 1 to 13.
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