CN109796979B - Super ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle, preparation method and application - Google Patents

Super ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle, preparation method and application Download PDF

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CN109796979B
CN109796979B CN201910173037.7A CN201910173037A CN109796979B CN 109796979 B CN109796979 B CN 109796979B CN 201910173037 A CN201910173037 A CN 201910173037A CN 109796979 B CN109796979 B CN 109796979B
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CN109796979A (en
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陆杨
江坤
宋永红
杨沂
陈�胜
钱坤煜
邢韩野
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Hefei University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a super ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle, a preparation method and application thereof, comprising the following steps: mixing and dispersing the magnetic nanoparticles and the fluorescent nanoparticles in chloroform, adding methanol into the mixture, and performing centrifugal sedimentation; removing supernatant after sedimentation to obtain precipitate, adding dimethyl sulfoxide into the precipitate under the ultrasonic condition, adding polyphosphate after the precipitate is uniformly dispersed, and continuously performing ultrasonic treatment until the precipitate is completely dissolved to obtain a magnetic fluorescent mixed solution; dripping the magnetic fluorescent mixed liquid into a glass bottle filled with deionized water under the ultrasonic condition, and continuously performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a product; purifying the product to obtain the super ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle; the synthetic method is simple, and the prepared super-strong ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle has good dispersibility and can keep stable performance for a long time; can be used in magnetic thermotherapy of cancer, and has good effect in killing tumor.

Description

Super ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle, preparation method and application
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fluorescent nano-material preparation, and particularly relates to a super ferromagnetic fluorescent nano-micelle, a preparation method and an application thereof.
Background
Cancer is a phenomenon that local tissues of an organism abnormally proliferate to form local lumps under the action of various factors, and is the number one killer affecting human health. The late discovery and difficult cure of cancer are important causes of death of the disease. With the continuous development of modern medicine, people have further knowledge on the worldwide problem of cancer. However, early diagnosis and treatment of cancer still remains a current technical bottleneck.
The emergence of magnetic nanofluorescent technology has brought new hopes for early diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Clinical cancer imaging techniques currently do not provide sufficient spatial resolution for early detection of cancer. In order to identify malignant lesions based on molecular expression profiles, all imaging techniques require the presence of imaging contrast agents consisting of signal enhancing materials that bind to molecular recognition and targeting agents (e.g., antibodies). The magnetic fluorescent material can be used as a multifunctional, molecular or physical targeting contrast agent candidate for all clinical imaging, and can identify and detect molecular expression conditions of more tiny and early tumors and microenvironments thereof.
The synthesis method of the magnetic fluorescent material comprises a physical method, a biological method and a chemical method, for example, a chemical bonding method is to connect quantum dots and magnetic nanoparticles to form magnetic fluorescent composite nanoparticles, and activate the surface functional groups of the magnetic nanoparticles and the quantum dots respectively by selecting proper activating agents, so as to finally prepare the composite nanoparticles with controllable particle size and small attenuation of magnetization intensity and fluorescence intensity. The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing micron-sized monodisperse poly glycidyl methacrylate microspheres by a dispersion polymerization method, performing amino modification on the microspheres, then synthesizing magnetic nanoparticles in situ in the microspheres, swelling and infiltrating quantum dots, and finally preparing the aminated, micron-sized, monodisperse, superparamagnetic and fluorescent composite multifunctional polymer microspheres.
In the methods, the common magnetic raw material is ferroferric oxide nano-particles which have strong ferromagnetism and are easy to agglomerate, and are difficult to be uniformly combined with other materials in the synthesis process, so that the synthesized magnetic fluorescent nano-micelle has poor dispersibility, and the application of the magnetic fluorescent nano-micelle in biomedicine is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the magnetic fluorescent nano-micelle prepared by the prior art has poor dispersibility, and provides the super-strong ferromagnetic fluorescent nano-micelle, the preparation method and the application.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme, and the preparation method of the super-strong ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing magnetic nanoparticles and fluorescent nanoparticles, dispersing the mixture in chloroform, adding methanol into the mixture, and performing centrifugal sedimentation;
(2) removing supernatant after sedimentation to obtain precipitate, adding dimethyl sulfoxide into the precipitate under the ultrasonic condition, adding polyphosphate after the precipitate is uniformly dispersed, and continuously performing ultrasonic treatment until the precipitate is completely dissolved to obtain a magnetic fluorescent mixed solution;
(3) dripping the magnetic fluorescent mixed liquid into a container filled with deionized water under the ultrasonic condition, and continuously performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a product;
(4) purifying the product to obtain the super ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle.
The magnetic nano particles are ferroferric oxide nano particles, the fluorescent nano particles are indium phosphide quantum dots, and the diameter of the super-strong ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle is 180-220 nm.
The mass ratio of the magnetic nanoparticles to the fluorescent nanoparticles to the polyphosphate is 0.5-2: 2-4: 15-25, and the volume ratio of the chloroform to the methanol to the dimethyl sulfoxide to the deionized water is 0.5-2: 5-15: 0.5-2: 5-15.
The centrifugal rotation speed in the step (1) is 3000rpm, the centrifugal time is 10min, the adding speed of the polyphosphate in the step (2) is 1ml/min, and the dropping speed of the magnetic fluorescent mixed liquid in the step (3) is 0.5 ml/min.
The dropping of the magnetic fluorescent mixed solution is carried out by using a liquid-transferring gun, and the measuring range of the liquid-transferring gun is 200 mu L.
In the step (3), the continuous ultrasonic time is 20-30 min, and the ultrasonic temperature is 25 ℃.
In the step (4), the purification process comprises the steps of dialyzing the product by using a dialysis bag, and filtering by using a filter membrane to obtain the super-strong ferromagnetic fluorescent nano-micelle, wherein the super-strong ferromagnetic fluorescent nano-micelle is stored at the temperature of 2-4 ℃.
The molecular weight of the dialysis bag is 3000, the dialysis time is 24 hours, and deionized water is replaced at intervals of 2-3 hours; the aperture of the filter membrane is 450 nm.
A fluorescent micelle prepared by a preparation method of a super ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle.
An application of the fluorescent nano-micelle with super-strong ferromagnetism in preparing the medicines for treating cancers is used for killing tumor cells and biomedical imaging, including fluorescence imaging and nuclear magnetic imaging.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a super-strong ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle, wherein, the ferroferric oxide nano particle has strong ferromagnetism and is easy to agglomerate, so that the ferroferric oxide nano particle and an indium phosphide quantum dot are difficult to be simultaneously and uniformly encapsulated together; the synthetic method is simple and easy to realize, and the size of the obtained product is easy to regulate and control; the indium phosphide quantum dots have high fluorescence intensity and high thermal conversion efficiency of the ferroferric oxide nano particles, and the marking and the magnetic-thermal performance of the super-strong ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle are improved.
The super-strong ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle disclosed by the invention is high in biocompatibility, can be applied to the magnetic thermotherapy of cancer, and can generate heat in the deep layer of a tissue by the magnetic thermotherapy compared with the photothermal therapy, so that the super-strong ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle has a better effect on tumor killing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the synthetic method is simple, and the prepared super-strong ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle has good dispersibility and can keep stable performance for a long time; can be used in magnetic thermotherapy of cancer, and has good effect in killing tumor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the synthesis of magnetic fluorescent nano-micelle of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a TEM photograph of the indium phosphide quantum dots of example 1;
FIG. 3 is a TEM photograph of the ferroferric oxide nanoparticles of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a TEM photograph of magnetic fluorescent nanomicelles synthesized using polyphosphate in example 2;
FIG. 5 is TEM photograph of magnetic nanomicelles synthesized using phospholipid polyethylene glycol of example 3;
FIG. 6 is an XRD spectrum of the magnetic fluorescent nano-micelle of example 4;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the fluorescence intensity and UV peak of the magnetic fluorescent nanomicelle of example 4;
FIG. 8 is the Size plot of the magnetic fluorescent nanomicelles of example 4;
FIG. 9 is a magnetocaloric temperature rise diagram of the magnetic fluorescent nanomicelle of example 5;
FIG. 10 is a magnetocaloric infrared imaging of the magnetic fluorescent nanomicelles of example 5;
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the effect of the magnetic fluorescent nanomicelle of example 6 on cell viability;
FIG. 12 is the effect of the magnetic fluorescent nanomicelle of example 7 on the magnetocaloric killing effect of cells.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the magnetic fluorescent nano-micelle is formed by encapsulating ferroferric oxide nano-particles and indium phosphide quantum dots with polyphosphate, and the formed magnetic fluorescent nano-micelle has good dispersibility, strong biocompatibility and multiple functions.
Example 1
The raw materials required for preparing the super-strong ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle comprise indium phosphide quantum dots and ferroferric oxide nano particles, and the preparation methods are respectively as follows:
preparing the indium phosphide quantum dots:
(1) nuclear synthesis of indium phosphide quantum dots: indium chloride (Indium chloride) and tris (dimethylamino) phosphine (tris (dimethylamino) phosphine) are used as raw materials, oleylamine is used as a solvent, the temperature is raised to 190 ℃ under the vacuum condition, and then the reaction is carried out for 30min at 190 ℃ under the condition of introducing nitrogen.
(2) Shell growth and synthesis of indium phosphide quantum dots: zinc chloride (Zinc chloride), Octadecanethiol (1-octanethiol) as raw materials and oleylamine as solvent, heating to 260 ℃ under vacuum, injecting the product of step (1) into the reaction by a glass syringe at 140 ℃, and then maintaining 260 ℃ for reaction for 30min under nitrogen. Then after the reaction is finished, settling and centrifuging for 3 times by using methanol, wherein the centrifugation speed is 3000rpm, the centrifugation time is 10min each time, and finally storing in chloroform.
FIG. 2 is a photograph of the InP quantum dots under a transmission electron microscope (H7700 transmission electron microscope), and it can be seen from the photograph that the InP quantum dots of the present example have good dispersibility, uniform particle size, and a particle size of about 6 nm.
Preparing ferroferric oxide nanoparticles:
synthesizing the ferroferric oxide nano particles by a high-temperature oil phase method.
Fig. 3 is a transmission electron microscope (H7700 transmission electron microscope) photograph of the nano-sized iron oxide particles, and it can be seen from the photograph that the nano-sized iron oxide particles of this example are cubic, have good dispersibility, uniform particle size, and a particle size of about 22 nm.
Example 2
In this embodiment, the process of preparing the super-strong ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle of the present invention by using the indium phosphide quantum dot and the ferroferric oxide nano particle of example 1 is as follows:
(1) mixing and dispersing 1mg of ferroferric oxide nano particles and 3mg of indium phosphide quantum dots in 1mL of chloroform, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the mixed solution for 5min to uniformly disperse the mixed solution, and then adding 10mL of methanol for centrifugal sedimentation;
(2) removing supernatant after sedimentation to obtain precipitate, dissolving the precipitate in 1mL of dimethyl sulfoxide under the ultrasonic condition, adding 20mg of polyphosphate into the dimethyl sulfoxide, wherein the adding speed of the polyphosphate is 1mL/min, and continuously performing ultrasonic treatment until the polyphosphate is completely dissolved to obtain a magnetic fluorescent mixed solution;
(3) slowly dripping the mixed solution into a glass bottle filled with 10mL of deionized water while performing ultrasonic treatment, dripping the magnetic fluorescent mixed solution by using a liquid-transferring gun with the measuring range of 200 mu L at the dripping speed of 0.5mL/min, and performing ultrasonic treatment at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 20min after dripping to obtain a product;
(4) putting the product into a dialysis bag with the molecular weight of 3000, then putting the product into a 1L beaker filled with deionized water for dialysis for 24 hours, and replacing the deionized water in the beaker every 2 hours;
(5) and filtering the dialyzed sample by using a 450nm filter membrane after 24 hours, and storing the filtered magnetic fluorescent nano micelle in a refrigerator at 4 ℃.
FIG. 4 is a photograph of a high-magnification transmission electron microscope (H7700 transmission electron microscope) of the magnetic fluorescent nano-micelle, from which the polyphosphate macromolecules on the outer layer of the micelle can be seen, and a large number of indium phosphide quantum dots of about 6nm and ferroferric oxide nanoparticles of 22nm are uniformly encapsulated. The method is characterized in that polyphosphate high molecules with strong fluidity are added into a dimethyl sulfoxide system, so that the strong ferromagnetism of the ferroferric oxide nano particles is overcome, and the ferroferric oxide nano particles and indium phosphide quantum dots can be dispersed in a free flowing manner and can be combined freely, so that the magnetic fluorescent nano micelle with a stable structure is formed.
The diameter of the prepared magnetic fluorescent nano micelle is 180 nm.
Example 3
In this embodiment, the phospholipid polyethylene glycol polymer is used to substitute for polyphosphate polymer to synthesize magnetic nano micelle, and other processes are the same as those of the phospholipid polyethylene glycol polymer
Example 2, a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) photograph of magnetic nanomicelles was prepared as in fig. 5.
As shown in fig. 5, in the magnetic nano micelle synthesized by using the phospholipid polyethylene glycol polymer, the ferroferric oxide nanoparticles still agglomerate together, which shows that the phospholipid polyethylene glycol polymer does not improve the free flowability of the ferroferric oxide nanoparticles and the indium phosphide quantum dots, and the ferroferric oxide nanoparticles and the indium phosphide quantum dots cannot be better combined.
From the comparison of fig. 4 and fig. 5, it is found that the magnetic fluorescent nano-micelle prepared by the invention has better dispersibility and is more uniform.
Example 4
In this embodiment, the process of preparing the super-strong ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle of the present invention by using the indium phosphide quantum dot and the ferroferric oxide nano particle of example 1 is as follows:
(1) mixing and dispersing 2mg of ferroferric oxide nano particles and 4mg of indium phosphide quantum dots in 2mL of chloroform, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the mixed solution for 5min to uniformly disperse the mixed solution, and then adding 15mL of methanol for centrifugal sedimentation;
(2) removing supernatant after sedimentation to obtain precipitate, dissolving the precipitate in 2mL of dimethyl sulfoxide under the ultrasonic condition, adding 25mg of polyphosphate into the precipitate, and continuously performing ultrasonic treatment until the polyphosphate is completely dissolved to obtain a magnetic fluorescent mixed solution;
(3) slowly dripping the mixed solution into a glass bottle filled with 15mL of deionized water while performing ultrasonic treatment, and continuing performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to obtain a product;
(4) putting the product into a dialysis bag with a molecular weight of 3000, then putting the product into a 1L beaker filled with deionized water for dialysis for 24 hours, and replacing the deionized water in the beaker every 3 hours;
(5) and filtering the dialyzed sample by using a 450nm filter membrane after 24 hours, and storing the filtered magnetic fluorescent nano micelle in a refrigerator at 4 ℃.
Fig. 6 is an XRD chart of the synthesized magnetic fluorescent nano-micelle, from which it can be seen that the XRD peak-out position of the magnetic fluorescent nano-micelle synthesized in this experimental example matches with the peak-out positions of the ferriferrous oxide nanoparticles and the indium phosphide quantum dots, thereby proving that the nano-micelle contains the ferriferrous oxide nanoparticles and the indium phosphide quantum dots.
Fig. 7 is a spectrum of the fluorescence intensity and the ultraviolet peak of the synthesized magnetic fluorescent nano micelle, and it can be seen that the ultraviolet peak of the magnetic fluorescent nano micelle matches with the ultraviolet peak of the pure indium phosphide quantum dot, and the wavelength of the fluorescence emission peak is consistent with the wavelength of the pure indium phosphide quantum dot.
FIG. 8 is a Size plot of the synthesized magnetic fluorescent nanomicelle, from which it can be seen that the Size data is substantially consistent with the particle Size as photographed by transmission electron microscopy.
The diameter of the prepared magnetic fluorescent nano micelle is 220 nm.
Example 5
The magnetic thermal heating performance of the magnetic fluorescent nanomicelle of example 4 was tested.
The test experiment procedure was as follows:
(1) and testing the concentration of the magnetic fluorescent nano micelle, preparing different samples by taking the concentration of iron in the micelle as a variable, wherein the concentrations of the iron are respectively 0 mu g/mL, 200 mu g/mL, 400 mu g/mL and 800 mu g/mL, the volumes of the iron and the micelle are respectively 500 mu L, and the iron and the micelle are respectively arranged in a centrifugal tube of 1.5 mL.
(2) A thermal infrared imager (Fluke TI400IR) device is set up, and the magnetic field intensity of the magnetocaloric device is set to be 25 KA/m. The samples were tested separately for 10min each time, and the temperature was recorded every 30 s.
(3) The results of the temperature data processing are shown in fig. 9 and 10.
Fig. 9 is a graph of magnetocaloric temperature rise data of magnetic fluorescent nanomicelles with different iron concentrations, and it can be seen from the graph that the temperature of the magnetic fluorescent nanomicelles automatically rises under the magnetic field condition, and the higher the temperature rise speed of the sample and the larger the temperature change as the micelle concentration rises.
Fig. 10 shows magnetocaloric infrared imaging of magnetic fluorescent nanomicelles with different iron concentrations, from which the infrared thermographic image matches the magnetocaloric temperature rise.
Example 6
The biocompatibility test experiment of the magnetic fluorescent nano-micelle of the embodiment 4 comprises the following steps:
(1) the concentration of the magnetic fluorescent nano-micelle in example 4 was tested, and different samples were prepared using the concentration of iron in the micelle as a variable, the concentration of iron being 0. mu.g/mL, 50. mu.g/mL, 100. mu.g/mL, 200. mu.g/mL, respectively;
(2) culturing 4T1 cells in a 96-well plate, respectively culturing 5 groups of cells (4 groups and a control group in the step (1)), culturing 6 holes in each group, culturing 100 mu L of culture medium in each hole in an incubator for 24h, respectively adding the magnetic fluorescent nano-micelles with the concentrations prepared by the culture medium, making each group of markers, and continuously culturing for 24h in the incubator;
(3) after 24h, adding cck8 reagent prepared by using a culture medium into each hole, wherein each hole is 100 mu L, continuously culturing in an incubator for 2h, and then testing by using an enzyme-labeling instrument;
(4) the data processing and the processing result are shown in FIG. 11.
Fig. 11 shows the influence of the magnetic fluorescent nano-micelle on the survival rate of the cells, as shown in the figure, the concentration of the magnetic fluorescent nano-micelle does not have a great influence on the survival rate of the cells, which indicates that the magnetic fluorescent nano-micelle of the present invention has no toxic killing property to 4T1, and shows that the magnetic fluorescent nano-micelle has good biocompatibility.
Example 7
The experiment for testing the cell magnetic thermal killing performance of the magnetic fluorescent nano micelle in the embodiment 4 comprises the following steps:
(1) the concentration of the magnetic fluorescent nanomicelle prepared in example 4 was tested, and then different samples were prepared using the concentration of iron in the micelle as a variable, the concentration of iron being 0. mu.g/mL, 50. mu.g/mL, 100. mu.g/mL, 200. mu.g/mL, respectively.
(2) Culturing 4T1 cells in a 24-well plate, culturing 2 groups, adding a magnet in one group, and not adding a magnet in the other group, culturing 5 groups of each group (4 groups and a control group in the step (1)) with 4 holes in each group and 500 mu L of culture medium in each hole, after culturing for 24h, respectively adding the magnetic fluorescent nano-micelle with the concentration prepared by the culture medium, making each group of labels, and continuously culturing for 24h in an incubator.
(3) And after 24h, respectively testing the cell samples on a magnetic heating device for 15min each time, preparing cck8 reagent by using a culture medium after the test is finished, respectively adding the cck8 reagent into each hole, continuously culturing in an incubator for 2h, and then testing by using an enzyme-labeling instrument.
(4) The data processing and the processing result are shown in FIG. 12.
Fig. 12 is a graph of cell magnetocaloric killing data of the magnetic fluorescent nano-micelle, and it can be seen from the graph that the higher the concentration of the magnetic fluorescent nano-micelle, the better the killing effect on 4T1 cells, and the better the killing effect on 4T1 cells with magnet than without magnet.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A preparation method of a super-strong ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing magnetic nanoparticles and fluorescent nanoparticles, dispersing the mixture in chloroform, adding methanol into the mixture, and performing centrifugal sedimentation;
(2) removing supernatant after sedimentation to obtain precipitate, adding dimethyl sulfoxide into the precipitate under the ultrasonic condition, adding polyphosphate after the precipitate is uniformly dispersed, and continuing ultrasonic treatment until the precipitate is completely dissolved to obtain a magnetic fluorescent mixed solution;
(3) dripping the magnetic fluorescent mixed liquid into deionized water under the ultrasonic condition, and continuously carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain a product;
(4) purifying the product to obtain the super ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle; the magnetic nano particles are ferroferric oxide nano particles, the fluorescent nano particles are indium phosphide quantum dots, and the diameter of the super-strong ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle is 180-220 nm.
2. The preparation method of the ultra-strong ferromagnetic fluorescent nano-micelle according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the magnetic nano-particles to the fluorescent nano-particles to the polyphosphate ester is 0.5-2: 2-4: 15-25, and the volume ratio of the chloroform to the methanol to the dimethyl sulfoxide to the deionized water is 0.5-2: 5-15: 0.5-2: 5-15.
3. The method for preparing a super ferromagnetic fluorescent nanomicelle according to claim 1, wherein the centrifugation speed in step (1) is 3000rpm, the centrifugation time is 10min, the polyphosphate ester addition speed in step (2) is 1ml/min, and the dropping speed of the magnetic fluorescent mixed solution in step (3) is 0.5 ml/min.
4. The method for preparing a super-strong ferromagnetic fluorescent nano-micelle according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic fluorescent mixed solution is added dropwise by using a pipette gun in the step (3), and the range of the pipette gun is 200 μ L.
5. The method for preparing a nano-micelle with superstrong ferromagnetism and fluorescence according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the ultrasonic time is 20-30 min, and the ultrasonic temperature is 25 ℃.
6. The method for preparing the ultra-strong ferromagnetic fluorescent nano-micelle according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the purification process of the product comprises dialysis with a dialysis bag and filtration with a filter membrane, and the storage temperature of the ultra-strong ferromagnetic fluorescent nano-micelle is 2-4 ℃.
7. The method for preparing a super strong ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle according to claim 6, wherein the molecular weight of the dialysis bag is 3000, the dialysis time is 24h, deionized water is replaced at intervals of 2-3 h, and the pore size of the filter membrane is 450 nm.
8. The fluorescent micelle prepared by the preparation method of the super ferromagnetic fluorescent nano micelle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. Use of the fluorescent micelle of claim 8 in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of cancer.
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