CN108390246B - Quasi-continuous fiber laser of module combined beam - Google Patents
Quasi-continuous fiber laser of module combined beam Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 165
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004021 metal welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010330 laser marking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009022 nonlinear effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/255—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding
- G02B6/2552—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding reshaping or reforming of light guides for coupling using thermal heating, e.g. tapering, forming of a lens on light guide ends
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/094003—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light the pumped medium being a fibre
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/094049—Guiding of the pump light
- H01S3/094053—Fibre coupled pump, e.g. delivering pump light using a fibre or a fibre bundle
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/04—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
- H01S5/042—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fiber lasers, in particular to a quasi-continuous fiber laser for combining a module beam, which comprises a plurality of fiber laser modules, a beam combining device and an output device; each fiber laser module comprises N+M pump lasers, a first beam combiner, a high-reflection grating, a gain fiber, a low-reflection grating and a second beam combiner, wherein the beam combiner comprises a plurality of input fibers and an output fiber, and the output device comprises a cladding light stripper and a fiber output head; the invention uses pump lasers arranged on two sides to excite gain optical fibers to generate laser, forming an optical fiber laser module, and then uses a modular idea to combine multiple laser beams generated by multiple identical optical fiber laser modules by a beam combining device, thereby forming high-power quasi-continuous laser, the laser power can reach thousands of watts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fiber lasers, in particular to a quasi-continuous fiber laser of a modular combined beam.
Background
Fiber lasers have the advantages of good beam quality, high electro-optical conversion efficiency, small volume, no maintenance, long service life and the like, and in recent years, processing equipment based on fiber laser technology, such as laser marking machines, engraving machines, cutting machines, welding machines and the like, have been widely used in various industries. Although the fiber laser has many advantages compared with the traditional laser, the fiber laser has lower power, and most of the fiber laser with middle and small power in hundred watts is a middle and small power, and the reason is that in the development process of the fiber laser, the doped fiber is limited by the influence of nonlinear effects such as stimulated Brillouin scattering and stimulated Raman scattering, and the like, and factors such as thermal damage of the fiber core, so that the output power of a single fiber is limited, and the highest output power is about 1500W. While the use of thicker core doped fibers may further boost power, thicker core doped fibers are costly and provide limited power, and therefore this approach to power boost is not commonly employed. In the technical fields of automobile manufacturing, ship manufacturing, aviation manufacturing and the like, when laser is used for processing operations such as cutting and welding of metal and nonmetal materials, laser power is often required to reach more than kilowatt level, so that the application requirements of the traditional optical fiber laser cannot be met. Therefore, researchers consider that a plurality of fiber lasers are modularized, and the power of the fiber lasers is improved by combining the fiber lasers into one beam for output through a beam combining device, and at present, the beam combining method which is more commonly used comprises the following steps: coherent synthesis, rasterization and spatial coupling, wherein: the coherent synthesis structure is complex and not easy to adjust, and the grating method has high requirements on system precision and poor stability; the laser is usually space light, so that flexible production of the laser is not easy to realize. Therefore, it is necessary to design a beam-combining fiber laser that satisfies the high power output and does not have the drawbacks of the three beam-combining methods.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a quasi-continuous fiber laser with high power and modular combined beam
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a quasi-continuous fiber laser of module combined beam includes multiple fiber laser modules, beam combining device and output device;
each fiber laser module comprises N+M pump lasers, a first beam combiner, a high-reflection grating, a gain fiber, a low-reflection grating and a second beam combiner, wherein the first beam combiner is provided with N input fibers, the second beam combiner is provided with M+1 input fibers, the N pump lasers are connected with the N input fibers of the first beam combiner, the output fibers of the first beam combiner are welded with the input ends of the high-reflection grating, the output ends of the high-reflection grating are welded with one end of the gain fiber, the M pump lasers are connected with the M input fibers of the second beam combiner, the output fibers of the second beam combiner are welded with the output ends of the low-reflection grating, the input ends of the low-reflection grating are welded with the other ends of the gain fiber, and the input fibers of the remaining second beam combiner are used as output signal fibers;
the beam combining device comprises a plurality of input optical fibers and an output optical fiber, the number of the input optical fibers is matched with that of the optical fiber laser modules, one ends of the input optical fibers are respectively welded with the output signal optical fibers of the optical fiber laser modules, and the other ends of the input optical fibers are welded with one ends of the output optical fibers after being fused and tapered;
the output device comprises a cladding light stripper and an optical fiber output head, wherein the input end of the cladding light stripper is welded with the other end of the output optical fiber, and the output end of the cladding light stripper is connected with the optical fiber output head.
Preferably, the first beam combiner comprises N input optical fibers and an output optical fiber, one ends of the N input optical fibers are respectively connected with the N pump lasers, the other ends of the N input optical fibers are fused and tapered, the truncated cone area is fused with one end of the output optical fiber, and the other ends of the output optical fibers are fused with the input end of the high-reflection grating.
Preferably, the second beam combiner comprises m+1 input optical fibers and an output optical fiber, one ends of the M optical fibers in the m+1 input optical fibers are respectively connected with the M pump lasers, the other ends of the M optical fibers are fused and tapered, the truncated cone region is fused with one end of the output optical fiber, and the other ends of the output optical fibers are fused with the output end of the low reflection grating.
As an improvement, the optical fiber laser module also comprises a control module, and correspondingly each optical fiber laser module comprises a sensing acquisition module and N+M identical driving modules; in each fiber laser module, the N+M driving modules are respectively used for driving the N+M pumping lasers, and the sensing acquisition module is used for monitoring the peak power of the output signals of the fiber laser modules, the pulse energy and the temperature information in the modules and feeding back to the control module; the control module is used for controlling the driving modules in all the fiber laser modules and receiving the monitoring information fed back by the sensing acquisition modules in all the fiber laser modules.
Preferably, the sensing acquisition module comprises a pulse peak value detection unit for peak power monitoring, a single pulse energy detection unit for pulse energy monitoring and a plurality of temperature sensors for temperature monitoring, wherein the temperature sensors are respectively arranged at positions which need to detect temperature in the fiber laser module.
Preferably, the driving module comprises a direct current power supply DC1, a capacitor C1, a MOS tube Q1, a PWM controller, a MOS tube Q2, an inductor L1, a resistor R1, a capacitor C2, wherein one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply DC1 and the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1 respectively, the other end is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply DC1, the source electrode of the MOS tube C2 and one end of the capacitor C2 respectively, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the first port of the PWM controller, the source electrode is connected with one end of the inductor and the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q2 respectively, the second port of the PWM controller is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q2, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the other end of the capacitor C2, the driven pump laser is connected with the capacitor C2 in parallel, and the PWM controller is connected with the control module.
As an improvement, the driving module further comprises a current sampling feedback error amplifier and a voltage sampling feedback error amplifier, wherein a third port of the PWM controller is connected with a first port of the current sampling feedback error amplifier, a fourth port of the PWM controller is connected with a first port of the voltage sampling feedback error amplifier, a second port of the current sampling feedback error amplifier is connected with one end of the resistor R1, a third port of the current sampling feedback error amplifier is connected with the other end of the resistor R1, and a second port of the voltage sampling feedback error amplifier is connected with the other end of the resistor R1.
Preferably, the pulse peak detection unit includes a photodiode PD1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a capacitor C7, a capacitor C8, a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10, a transconductance amplifier, an operational amplifier, a voltage reference IC, and a first ADC sampling module; the anode of the photodiode PD1 is grounded, and the cathode is connected with one end of the resistor R2; the other end of the resistor R2 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C3, one end of the resistor R3 and the first input end of the transconductance amplifier; the second input end of the transconductance amplifier is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R4 and one end of the capacitor C4, the input end of the power supply cathode is grounded, the input end of the power supply anode is connected with the +5VDC power supply and is connected with one end of the capacitor C5, and the output end of the transconductance amplifier is respectively connected with the other end of the capacitor C3, the other end of the resistor R3 and one end of the resistor R5; the other end of the capacitor C4 is grounded; the other end of the capacitor C5 is grounded; the other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C6 and the first input end of the operational amplifier; the other end of the capacitor C6 is grounded; the input end of the power supply cathode of the operational amplifier is grounded, the input end of the power supply anode is connected with a +5VDC power supply and is connected with one end of a capacitor C7, and the output end of the power supply cathode is respectively connected with the second input end of the operational amplifier and the VIN end of the analog-to-digital converter AD 1; the other end of the capacitor C7 is grounded; the VIN end of the voltage reference IC is connected with a +5VDC power supply and one end of a capacitor C8, the GND end of the voltage reference IC is connected with the other end of the capacitor C8, and the VOUT end of the voltage reference IC is used as a +5VD_REF output end and is connected with one end of a resistor R6; the other end of the resistor R6 is respectively connected with the other end of the resistor R4 and one end of the resistor R7; the other end of the resistor R7 is grounded; the VDD end of the first ADC sampling module is connected with the +5VD_REF output end and is respectively connected with one end of a capacitor C9 and one end of a capacitor C10; the GND_1 end, the GND_2 end, the other end of the capacitor C9 and the other end of the capacitor C10 of the first ADC sampling module are connected with each other and groundedThe end, the SDO end and the SCLK end are all connected with the control module.
Preferably, the single pulse energy detection unit includes a photodiode PD2, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a capacitor C13, a capacitor C14, a capacitor C15, a capacitor C16, a capacitor C17, a capacitor C18, a differential integrating amplifier, a nulling device, an analog switch, and a second ADC sampling module; the cathode of the photodiode PD2 is connected with a +5VDC power supply, and the anode of the photodiode PD is connected with one end of a resistor R8 and one end of a resistor R10 respectively; the other end of the resistor R8 is grounded and connected with one end of the resistor R9; the other end of the resistor R9 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C11, the first input end of the differential integrating amplifier and the NC end of the analog switch; the other end of the resistor R10 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C12 and the second input end of the differential integrating amplifier; the input end of the power supply cathode of the differential integrating amplifier is grounded, the input end of the power supply anode is connected with a +5VDC power supply and is connected with one end of a capacitor C13, and the output end of the differential integrating amplifier is respectively connected with the other end of a capacitor C11, the COM end of an analog switch, one end of a resistor R11 and the second input end of a zero discriminator; the other end of the capacitor C12 and the other end of the capacitor C13 are grounded; the GND end of the analog switch is grounded, the V+ end of the analog switch is connected with a +5VDC power supply and is connected with one end of a capacitor C14; the other end of the capacitor C14 is grounded; the first input end of the zero discriminator is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R12 and one end of a resistor R13, the positive input end of the power supply is connected with a +5VDC power supply and is connected with one end of a capacitor C15, and the negative input end of the power supply is connected with the other end of the resistor R13; the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with a +5VDC power supply; the other end of the capacitor C15 is grounded; the other end of the resistor R11 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C16 and the VIN end of the second ADC sampling module; the other end of the capacitor C16 is grounded; the VDD end of the second ADC sampling module is connected with the +5VD_REF output end and is respectively connected with one end of a capacitor C17 and one end of a capacitor C18; the GND_1 end, the GND_2 end, the other end of the capacitor C17 and the other end of the capacitor C18 of the second ADC sampling module are connected and grounded, and the IN end of the analog switch, the output end of the zero discriminator and the second ADC sampling moduleThe end, the SDO end and the SCLK end are all connected with the control module.
Preferably, the control module employs a DSP processor
From the above description, it can be seen that the present invention has the following advantages:
1. The invention firstly utilizes the pump lasers arranged on two sides to excite the gain optical fiber to generate laser, so as to form an optical fiber laser module, each side of the interior of the optical fiber laser module comprises a plurality of pump lasers, thereby ensuring the high power output of the laser module, and then based on the thought of modularization, the invention replicates a plurality of identical optical fiber laser modules, and utilizes a beam combining device to combine a plurality of laser beams generated by the identical optical fiber laser modules, thereby forming higher-power quasi-continuous laser, the laser power can reach thousands of watts, and the invention can meet the requirements of industries such as automobile manufacturing, ship manufacturing, aviation manufacturing and the like for laser cutting and laser welding of metal and nonmetal materials.
2. Compared with other schemes for constructing high-power fiber lasers through beam combination, the beam combination scheme has the advantages of easiness in manufacturing and good stability, flexible production can be realized, and a user can configure the number of fiber laser modules and the number of pump lasers in each fiber laser module according to specific application requirements.
3. The invention is provided with the sensing acquisition module in each fiber laser module, can monitor the performance of the fiber laser module in real time and feed back the performance to the control module of the laser, so as to judge whether the laser operates normally or not, ensure the stable output of each fiber laser module, further ensure the stable performance of the whole laser, prevent accidents and achieve the aim of safe production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fiber laser module of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the beam combining device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a drive module of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a pulse peak detection unit of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a monopulse energy detection unit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 7, but the claims of the present invention are not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1, a quasi-continuous fiber laser for a modular combined beam includes a plurality of fiber laser modules 1, a beam combining device 2 and an output device;
As shown in fig. 2, each fiber laser module 1 includes n+m pump lasers 11, a first beam combiner 12, a high reflection grating 13, a gain fiber 14, a low reflection grating 15, and a second beam combiner 16, the first beam combiner 12 has N input fibers, the second beam combiner has m+1 input fibers, the N pump lasers 11 are connected to the N input fibers 121 of the first beam combiner 12, the output fibers of the first beam combiner 12 are welded to the input ends of the high reflection grating 13, the output ends of the high reflection grating 13 are welded to one end of the gain fiber 14, the M pump lasers 11 are connected to the M input fibers of the second beam combiner 16, the output fibers of the second beam combiner 161 are welded to the output ends of the low reflection grating 15, the input ends of the low reflection grating 15 are welded to the other end of the gain fiber 14, and the remaining input fibers of the second beam combiner 16 are used as output signal fibers 161, wherein: the reflectivity of the high reflection grating to the laser generated by the gain optical fiber is more than 95%, the reflectivity of the low reflection grating to the laser generated by the gain optical fiber is 10% -30%, the N and the M take positive integers, and the values of the N and the M can be consistent or inconsistent;
As shown in fig. 3, the beam combining device 2 includes a plurality of input optical fibers 21 and one output optical fiber 22, the number of the input optical fibers 21 is matched with that of the fiber laser modules 1, one ends of the input optical fibers 22 are respectively welded with the output signal light 161 fibers of the fiber laser modules 1, and after the other ends are fused and tapered, a truncated cone area is welded with one end of the output optical fiber 22;
As shown in fig. 1, the output device 3 includes a cladding light stripper 31 and an optical fiber output head 32, the cladding light stripper 31 having an input end welded to the other end of the output optical fiber 22 and an output end connected to the optical fiber output head 32.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the method comprises the steps of exciting gain optical fibers (namely double-end pumping) by using pumping lasers arranged on two sides to generate laser light, forming an optical fiber laser module, arranging a plurality of pumping lasers on each side inside the optical fiber laser module, ensuring high power output of the laser module, copying a plurality of identical optical fiber laser modules based on a modularized thinking, and combining a plurality of laser beams generated by the identical optical fiber laser modules by using a beam combining device, so that a quasi-continuous laser with higher power is formed.
The technical scheme is as follows:
1. the structures of the first beam combiner and the second beam combiner can be constructed by referring to the structures of the beam combining device, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) The first beam combiner has the structure that: the optical fiber comprises N input optical fibers and one output optical fiber, wherein one ends of the N input optical fibers are respectively connected with N pumping lasers, the other ends of the N input optical fibers are fused and tapered, the truncated cone area is fused with one end of the output optical fiber, and the other ends of the output optical fibers are fused with the input end of the high-reflection grating; the beam combining principle is the same as that of the beam combining device 2, and the structure is referred to as the beam combining device shown in fig. 3.
(2) The structure of the second beam combiner is as follows: the second beam combiner comprises M+1 input optical fibers and one output optical fiber, one end of each of the M+1 input optical fibers is connected with the M pump lasers, the other end of each of the M input optical fibers is fused and tapered, the truncated cone area is fused with one end of the output optical fiber, and the other end of the output optical fiber is fused with the output end of the low reflection grating; the beam combining principle is the same as that of the beam combining device 2, and the structure is referred to as the beam combining device shown in fig. 3.
Of course, the first beam combiner and the second beam combiner may also adopt other conventional beam combiner structures, so long as the purpose of beam combining can be achieved.
2. The number of fiber laser modules and the number of pump lasers within each fiber laser module may be dependent on the specific application requirements.
From the above description, this solution has the following advantages:
1. The fiber laser can realize high power output, the laser power can reach thousands of watts, and the requirements of industries such as automobile manufacturing, ship manufacturing, aviation manufacturing and the like for laser cutting and laser welding of metal and nonmetal materials can be met;
2. Compared with other schemes for constructing a high-power optical fiber laser through beam combination, the beam combination scheme has the advantages of easiness in manufacturing and good stability, and can realize flexible production;
3. The number of fiber laser modules and the number of pump lasers within each fiber laser module may be configured by the user according to the specific application requirements.
Based on the technical scheme shown in fig. 1, a circuit control part of a quasi-continuous fiber laser of a modular combined beam is constructed, specifically:
as shown in fig. 4, the quasi-continuous fiber laser of the modular combined beam further includes a control module, and correspondingly, a sensing acquisition module and n+m identical driving modules are arranged in each fiber laser module in a matching manner; in each fiber laser module, the N+M driving modules are respectively used for driving the N+M pumping lasers, and the sensing acquisition module is used for monitoring the peak power of the output signals of the fiber laser modules, the pulse energy and the temperature information in the modules and feeding back to the control module; the control module is used for controlling the driving modules in all the fiber laser modules and receiving the monitoring information fed back by the sensing acquisition modules in all the fiber laser modules.
The control module is used for controlling the driving signals of all driving modules of each fiber laser module, further controlling the laser output signals of each fiber laser module, simultaneously utilizing the sensing acquisition module to monitor the peak power, pulse energy and temperature information (such as the position of a beam combiner, the welding position and the like) of the laser output signals of each fiber laser module, feeding back the information to the control module, judging whether the laser operates normally or not according to the received monitoring information, and ensuring the stable output of each fiber laser module, so that the quasi-continuous fiber laser of the combined beam of the module can obtain high-power and stable quasi-continuous output.
The specific scheme design is carried out on each module:
1. The driving module comprises a direct current power supply DC1, a capacitor C1, a MOS tube Q1, a PWM controller, a MOS tube Q2, an inductor L1, a resistor R1 and a capacitor C2; one end of the capacitor C1 is respectively connected with the anode of the direct current power supply DC1 and the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1, and the other end is respectively connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply DC1, the source electrode of the MOS tube C2 and one end of the capacitor C2; the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the first port of the PWM controller, and the source electrode is respectively connected with one end of the inductor and the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q2; the second port of the PWM controller is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q2; the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with one end of the resistor R1; the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the other end of the capacitor C2; the driven pump laser is connected in parallel with the capacitor C2 (the cathode of the driven pump laser is connected with one end of the capacitor C2, and the anode is connected with the other end of the capacitor C2), and the PWM controller is connected with the control module through the SPI digital communication bus.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the grid electrodes of the MOS tube are connected with the PWM controller and are controlled to be on-off by the PWM controller, the drain electrode and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q1 are respectively connected with a power supply and an inductor to form an inductor magnetizing path, the drain electrode and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q2 are respectively connected with the inductor and a driven pumping laser to form an inductor discharging loop, and the driving of a laser constant current source is performed by adopting a switching current source mode.
In order to further improve the stability of the driving module, the driving module further comprises a current sampling feedback error amplifier and a voltage sampling feedback error amplifier, a third port of the PWM controller is connected with a first port of the current sampling feedback error amplifier, a fourth port of the PWM controller is connected with a first port of the voltage sampling feedback error amplifier, a second port of the current sampling feedback error amplifier is connected with one end of a resistor R1, a third port of the current sampling feedback error amplifier is connected with the other end of the resistor R1, and a second port of the voltage sampling feedback error amplifier is connected with the other end of the resistor R1. The driving module works in a current and voltage double sampling feedback mode, and constant laser current is ensured to be output in a constant frequency feedback duty ratio adjustment mode.
2. The sensing acquisition module is divided into a pulse peak value detection unit for peak power monitoring, a single pulse energy detection unit for pulse energy monitoring and a plurality of temperature sensors for temperature monitoring according to the sensing function which is required to be completed, and specifically:
(1) The temperature sensors are respectively arranged at various positions which are easy to generate high temperature and need to detect temperature in the fiber laser module, such as a welding point in the first beam combiner and the second beam combiner;
(2) The pulse peak detection unit comprises a photodiode PD1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a capacitor C7, a capacitor C8, a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10, a transconductance amplifier, an operational amplifier, a voltage reference IC and a first ADC sampling module; the anode of the photodiode PD1 is grounded, and the cathode is connected with one end of the resistor R2; the other end of the resistor R2 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C3, one end of the resistor R3 and the first input end of the transconductance amplifier; the second input end of the transconductance amplifier is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R4 and one end of the capacitor C4, the input end of the negative electrode of the power supply is grounded, the input end of the positive electrode of the power supply is connected with the +5VDC power supply and is connected with one end of the capacitor C5, and the output end of the transconductance amplifier is respectively connected with the other end of the capacitor C3, the other end of the resistor R3 and one end of the resistor R5; the other end of the capacitor C4 is grounded; the other end of the capacitor C5 is grounded; the other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C6 and the first input end of the operational amplifier; the other end of the capacitor C6 is grounded; the input end of the power supply cathode of the operational amplifier is grounded, the input end of the power supply anode is connected with a +5VDC power supply and is connected with one end of a capacitor C7, and the output end of the power supply cathode is respectively connected with the second input end of the operational amplifier and the VIN end of the analog-to-digital converter AD 1; the other end of the capacitor C7 is grounded; VIN of the voltage reference IC is connected with a +5VDC power supply and one end of a capacitor C8, GND is connected with the other end of the capacitor C8, and VOUT is used as +5VD_REF output end and connected with one end of a resistor R6; the other end of the resistor R6 is respectively connected with the other end of the resistor R4 and one end of the resistor R7; the other end of the resistor R7 is grounded; the VDD end of the first ADC sampling module is connected with the +5VD_REF output end and is respectively connected with one end of a capacitor C9 and one end of a capacitor C10; the GND_1 end, the GND_2 end, the other end of the capacitor C9 and the other end of the capacitor C10 of the first ADC sampling module are connected with each other and grounded The end, the SDO end and the SCLK end are all connected with the control module through SPI digital communication buses. Specifically: the transconductance amplifier adopts an OPA380 chip, the operational amplifier adopts an LM321 chip, the voltage reference IC adopts a REF5050_ VSSOP8 chip, and the first ADC sampling module adopts an AD7680BRMZ _MSOP8 chip.
The technical scheme is as follows: the photodiode PD1 collects the leakage light in the output signal optical fiber 161, converts the light signal into a current signal, and then inputs the current signal into a transconductance amplifier, the transconductance amplifier converts the current signal into a voltage signal, the transconductance amplifier is connected with the reference voltage IC and the first ADC sampling module, and the first ADC sampling module samples the voltage signal and then sends the sampled voltage signal to the control module.
(3) The single pulse energy detection unit comprises a photodiode PD2, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a capacitor C13, a capacitor C14, a capacitor C15, a capacitor C16, a capacitor C17, a capacitor C18, a differential integration amplifier, an analog switch, a zero discriminator and a second ADC sampling module; the cathode of the photodiode PD2 is connected with a +5VDC power supply, and the anode of the photodiode PD is connected with one end of a resistor R8 and one end of a resistor R10 respectively; the other end of the resistor R8 is grounded and connected with one end of the resistor R9; the other end of the resistor R9 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C11, the first input end of the differential integrating amplifier and the NC end of the analog switch; the other end of the resistor R10 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C12 and the second input end of the differential integrating amplifier; the input end of the power supply cathode of the differential integrating amplifier is grounded, the input end of the power supply anode is connected with a +5VDC power supply and is connected with one end of a capacitor C13, and the output end of the differential integrating amplifier is respectively connected with the other end of the capacitor C11, the COM end of an analog switch, one end of a resistor R11 and the second input end of a zero discriminator; the other end of the capacitor C12 and the other end of the capacitor C13 are grounded; the GND end of the analog switch is grounded, the V+ end of the analog switch is connected with a +5VDC power supply and is connected with one end of a capacitor C14; the other end of the capacitor C14 is grounded; the first input end of the zero discriminator is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R12 and one end of a resistor R13, the positive input end of the power supply is connected with a +5VDC power supply and is connected with one end of a capacitor C15, and the negative input end of the power supply is connected with the other end of the resistor R13; the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with a +5VDC power supply; the other end of the capacitor C15 is grounded; the other end of the resistor R11 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C16 and the VIN end of the second ADC sampling module, and the other end of the capacitor C16 is grounded; the VDD end of the second ADC sampling module is connected with the +5VD_REF output end and is respectively connected with one end of a capacitor C17 and one end of a capacitor C18; the GND_1 end, the GND_2 end, the other end of the capacitor C17 and the other end of the capacitor C18 of the second ADC sampling module are connected and grounded, the IN end of the analog switch, the output end of the zero discriminator and the second ADC sampling moduleThe end, the SDO end and the SCLK end are all connected with the control module through SPI digital communication buses. Specifically: the differential integrating amplifier adopts an LM321 chip, the analog switch adopts an SGM3157 chip, the zero discriminator adopts an LM358 chip, and the second ADC sampling module adopts an AD7680BRMZ _MSOP8 chip.
The technical scheme is as follows: the photodiode PD2 collects the leakage light in the output signal optical fiber 161, converts the light signal into a current signal, and then inputs the current signal into the differential integrating amplifier, the differential integrating amplifier converts the current signal into a constant voltage signal, the differential integrating amplifier is connected with the second ADC sampling module, the second ADC sampling module samples the voltage signal and then sends the sampled voltage signal to the control module, the analog switch and the zero discriminator are used for ensuring the complete reset of the integrating circuit, the analog switch generates an integral reset signal, the integrating circuit is reset, and the zero discriminator judges whether the reset is successful or not.
In practical application, the photodiode PD2 of the single pulse energy detection unit and the photodiode PD1 of the pulse peak detection unit are the same photodiode.
3. The control module adopts a DSP processor, and specifically adopts a TMS320F28377D chip.
The working principle of the optical fiber laser electric control part of the invention is as follows: the control module controls N+M driving modules in each fiber laser module, and the N+M driving modules synchronously drive N+M pumping lasers to work, so that a plurality of fiber laser modules synchronously run to emit laser, meanwhile, a sensing acquisition module in each fiber laser module monitors the running performance of the module and feeds back the running performance of the module to the control module, the control module judges whether the laser normally runs according to the received monitoring information, and the stable output of each fiber laser module is ensured, so that the overall operation of the laser is ensured to be normal, and the output is stable.
In summary, the invention has the following advantages:
From the above description, it can be seen that the present invention has the following advantages:
1. The invention firstly utilizes the pump lasers arranged on two sides to excite the gain optical fiber to generate laser, so as to form an optical fiber laser module, each side of the interior of the optical fiber laser module comprises a plurality of pump lasers, thereby ensuring the high power output of the laser module, and then based on the thought of modularization, the invention replicates a plurality of identical optical fiber laser modules, and utilizes a beam combining device to combine a plurality of laser beams generated by the identical optical fiber laser modules, thereby forming higher-power quasi-continuous laser, the laser power can reach thousands of watts, and the invention can meet the requirements of industries such as automobile manufacturing, ship manufacturing, aviation manufacturing and the like for laser cutting and laser welding of metal and nonmetal materials.
2. Compared with other schemes for constructing high-power fiber lasers through beam combination, the beam combination scheme has the advantages of easiness in manufacturing and good stability, flexible production can be realized, and a user can configure the number of fiber laser modules and the number of pump lasers in each fiber laser module according to specific application requirements.
3. The invention is provided with the sensing acquisition module in each fiber laser module, can monitor the performance of the fiber laser module in real time and feed back the performance to the control module of the laser, so as to judge whether the laser operates normally or not, ensure the stable output of each fiber laser module, further ensure the stable performance of the whole laser, prevent accidents and achieve the aim of safe production.
It is to be understood that the foregoing detailed description of the invention is merely illustrative of the invention and is not limited to the embodiments of the invention. It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be modified or substituted for elements thereof to achieve the same technical effects; as long as the use requirement is met, the invention is within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A quasi-continuous fiber laser of a modular combined beam, characterized by: the device comprises a plurality of fiber laser modules, a beam combining device and an output device;
each fiber laser module comprises N+M pump lasers, a first beam combiner, a high-reflection grating, a gain fiber, a low-reflection grating and a second beam combiner, wherein the first beam combiner is provided with N input fibers, the second beam combiner is provided with M+1 input fibers, the N pump lasers are connected with the N input fibers of the first beam combiner, the output fibers of the first beam combiner are welded with the input ends of the high-reflection grating, the output ends of the high-reflection grating are welded with one end of the gain fiber, the M pump lasers are connected with the M input fibers of the second beam combiner, the output fibers of the second beam combiner are welded with the output ends of the low-reflection grating, the input ends of the low-reflection grating are welded with the other ends of the gain fiber, and the input fibers of the remaining second beam combiner are used as output signal fibers;
The beam combining device comprises a plurality of input optical fibers and an output optical fiber, the number of the input optical fibers is matched with that of the optical fiber laser modules, one ends of the input optical fibers are respectively welded with the output signal optical fibers of the optical fiber laser modules, and the other ends of the input optical fibers are welded with one ends of the output optical fibers after being fused and tapered;
The output device comprises a cladding light stripper and an optical fiber output head, wherein the input end of the cladding light stripper is welded with the other end of the output optical fiber, and the output end of the cladding light stripper is connected with the optical fiber output head;
The system also comprises a control module, and correspondingly each fiber laser module comprises a sensing acquisition module and N+M identical driving modules;
In each fiber laser module, the N+M driving modules are respectively used for driving the N+M pumping lasers, and the sensing acquisition module is used for monitoring the peak power of the output signals of the fiber laser modules, the pulse energy and the temperature information in the modules and feeding back to the control module;
The control module is used for controlling the driving modules in all the fiber laser modules and receiving the monitoring information fed back by the sensing acquisition modules in all the fiber laser modules;
the sensing acquisition module comprises a pulse peak value detection unit for peak power monitoring, a single pulse energy detection unit for pulse energy monitoring and a plurality of temperature sensors for temperature monitoring, wherein the temperature sensors are respectively arranged at positions needing to detect temperature in the fiber laser module;
The pulse peak detection unit comprises a photodiode PD1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a capacitor C7, a capacitor C8, a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10, a transconductance amplifier, an operational amplifier, a voltage reference IC and a first ADC sampling module; the anode of the photodiode PD1 is grounded, and the cathode is connected with one end of the resistor R2; the other end of the resistor R2 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C3, one end of the resistor R3 and the first input end of the transconductance amplifier; the second input end of the transconductance amplifier is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R4 and one end of the capacitor C4, the input end of the power supply cathode is grounded, the input end of the power supply anode is connected with the +5VDC power supply and is connected with one end of the capacitor C5, and the output end of the transconductance amplifier is respectively connected with the other end of the capacitor C3, the other end of the resistor R3 and one end of the resistor R5; the other end of the capacitor C4 is grounded; the other end of the capacitor C5 is grounded; the other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C6 and the first input end of the operational amplifier; the other end of the capacitor C6 is grounded; the input end of the power supply cathode of the operational amplifier is grounded, the input end of the power supply anode is connected with a +5VDC power supply and is connected with one end of a capacitor C7, and the output end of the power supply cathode is respectively connected with the second input end of the operational amplifier and the VIN end of the analog-to-digital converter AD 1; the other end of the capacitor C7 is grounded; the VIN end of the voltage reference IC is connected with a +5VDC power supply and one end of a capacitor C8, the GND end of the voltage reference IC is connected with the other end of the capacitor C8, and the VOUT end of the voltage reference IC is used as a +5VD_REF output end and is connected with one end of a resistor R6; the other end of the resistor R6 is respectively connected with the other end of the resistor R4 and one end of the resistor R7; the other end of the resistor R7 is grounded; the VDD end of the first ADC sampling module is connected with the +5VD_REF output end and is respectively connected with one end of a capacitor C9 and one end of a capacitor C10; the end GND_1, the end GND_2, the other end of the capacitor C9 and the other end of the capacitor C10 of the first ADC sampling module are connected and grounded, and the CS end, the SDO end and the SCLK end of the first ADC sampling module are all connected with the control module;
The single pulse energy detection unit comprises a photodiode PD2, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a capacitor C13, a capacitor C14, a capacitor C15, a capacitor C16, a capacitor C17, a capacitor C18, a differential integration amplifier, a zero discriminator, an analog switch and a second ADC sampling module; the cathode of the photodiode PD2 is connected with a +5VDC power supply, and the anode of the photodiode PD is connected with one end of a resistor R8 and one end of a resistor R10 respectively; the other end of the resistor R8 is grounded and connected with one end of the resistor R9; the other end of the resistor R9 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C11, the first input end of the differential integrating amplifier and the NC end of the analog switch; the other end of the resistor R10 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C12 and the second input end of the differential integrating amplifier; the input end of the power supply cathode of the differential integrating amplifier is grounded, the input end of the power supply anode is connected with a +5VDC power supply and is connected with one end of a capacitor C13, and the output end of the differential integrating amplifier is respectively connected with the other end of a capacitor C11, the COM end of an analog switch, one end of a resistor R11 and the second input end of a zero discriminator; the other end of the capacitor C12 and the other end of the capacitor C13 are grounded; the GND end of the analog switch is grounded, and the V+ end of the analog switch is connected with one end of a capacitor C14; the other end of the capacitor C14 is grounded; the first input end of the zero discriminator is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R12 and one end of a resistor R13, the positive input end of the power supply is connected with a +5VDC power supply and is connected with one end of a capacitor C15, and the negative input end of the power supply is connected with the other end of the resistor R13; the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with a +5VDC power supply; the other end of the capacitor C15 is grounded; the other end of the resistor R11 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C16 and the VIN end of the second ADC sampling module; the other end of the capacitor C16 is grounded; the VDD end of the second ADC sampling module is connected with the +5VD_REF output end and is respectively connected with one end of a capacitor C17 and one end of a capacitor C18; the end GND_1, the end GND_2, the other end of the capacitor C17 and the other end of the capacitor C18 of the second ADC sampling module are connected and grounded, and the end IN of the analog switch, the output end of the zero discriminator, the end CS, the end SDO and the end SCLK of the second ADC sampling module are all connected with the control module.
2. The modular combined beam quasi-continuous fiber laser of claim 1, wherein: the first beam combiner comprises N input optical fibers and an output optical fiber, one ends of the N input optical fibers are respectively connected with the N pump lasers, the other ends of the N input optical fibers are fused and tapered, the truncated cone area is fused with one end of the output optical fiber, and the other ends of the output optical fibers are fused with the input end of the high-reflection grating.
3. The modular combined beam quasi-continuous fiber laser of claim 1, wherein: the second beam combiner comprises M+1 input optical fibers and one output optical fiber, one ends of the M optical fibers in the M+1 input optical fibers are respectively connected with the M pump lasers, the other ends of the M optical fibers are fused and tapered, the truncated cone area is fused with one end of the output optical fiber, and the other ends of the output optical fibers are fused with the output end of the low reflection grating.
4. The modular combined beam quasi-continuous fiber laser of claim 1, wherein: the driving module comprises a direct current power supply DC1, a capacitor C1, a MOS tube Q1, a PWM controller, a MOS tube Q2, an inductor L1, a resistor R1, a capacitor C2, wherein one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply DC1 and the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1 respectively, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply DC1, the source electrode of the MOS tube C2 and one end of the capacitor C2 respectively, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the first port of the PWM controller, the source electrode is connected with one end of the inductor and the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q2 respectively, the second port of the PWM controller is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q2, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the other end of the capacitor C2, the driven pump laser is connected with the capacitor C2 in parallel, and the PWM controller is connected with the control module.
5. The modular combined beam quasi-continuous fiber laser of claim 4, wherein: the driving module further comprises a current sampling feedback error amplifier and a voltage sampling feedback error amplifier, a third port of the PWM controller is connected with a first port of the current sampling feedback error amplifier, a fourth port of the PWM controller is connected with a first port of the voltage sampling feedback error amplifier, a second port of the current sampling feedback error amplifier is connected with one end of a resistor R1, a third port of the current sampling feedback error amplifier is connected with the other end of the resistor R1, and a second port of the voltage sampling feedback error amplifier is connected with the other end of the resistor R1.
6. The modular combined beam quasi-continuous fiber laser of claim 1, wherein: the control module adopts a DSP processor.
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| CN109596564A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-04-09 | 上海禾赛光电科技有限公司 | A kind of laser control device, array and control method |
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| CN112234416A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-15 | 昂纳信息技术（深圳）有限公司 | Bidirectional pumping fiber laser and spare input branch return light processing method |
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