CN107449957B - High-voltage alternating current-direct current electricity testing device based on magnetic suspension - Google Patents
High-voltage alternating current-direct current electricity testing device based on magnetic suspension Download PDFInfo
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- CN107449957B CN107449957B CN201710846952.9A CN201710846952A CN107449957B CN 107449957 B CN107449957 B CN 107449957B CN 201710846952 A CN201710846952 A CN 201710846952A CN 107449957 B CN107449957 B CN 107449957B
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01R19/145—Indicating the presence of current or voltage
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-voltage alternating current and direct current electricity testing device based on magnetic suspension, which comprises a detection device, an insulating handle and a detection terminal, wherein the detection terminal is arranged on the insulating handle; the detection device comprises an electricity testing head, a photoelectric preprocessing module, a processor module, a power supply module, a self-checking module, an alarm module and a Zigbee wireless transmission module, wherein the electricity testing head is connected with the photoelectric preprocessing module, and the photoelectric preprocessing module, the self-checking module, the alarm module and the Zigbee wireless transmission module are all connected with the processor module; the detection terminal is also provided with a Zigbee wireless transmission module and is in wireless connection with the detection device through the Zigbee wireless transmission module; the electroscope comprises a support, a high-voltage probe, a copper sheet, a rotating shaft, a rotor aluminum foil, a fixed aluminum foil, a polarizing grating, a laser source and a grating photocell. The invention can rapidly and reliably detect the alternating current or the direct current and can feed the measurement result back to the detection personnel in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of safety tools and appliances of high-voltage power transmission and transformation equipment, in particular to a high-voltage alternating current and direct current electricity testing device based on magnetic suspension, which is used for testing whether a high-voltage system is electrified or not.
Background
The high-voltage electroscope plays an extremely important role in the safety production of the power industry. In recent years, with the further implementation of power grid innovation, power systems develop at a high speed, high-voltage power grids are more and more, the probability of faults is higher and higher, and when power equipment and power lines are overhauled due to power failure, in order to prevent sudden incoming calls or attack of residual charges and ensure the life safety of workers, all sides with possible incoming calls and all sides with possible residual charges must be detected. As a necessary safety tool for high-voltage inspection, the demand of high-voltage electroscopes is increasing. The electroscope as a tool for roughly measuring whether an object is charged or not can be classified into a high voltage electroscope and a low voltage electroscope, and the high voltage electroscope is commonly used for checking an electric device having a voltage higher than 220V. In the existing high-voltage electroscope, a common high-voltage electroscope based on a low-voltage electronic element for detecting leakage current has a great risk of being broken down because the common high-voltage electroscope is often used in a high-voltage occasion, and a long grounding lead and a current-limiting high-voltage large resistor are often needed to be added in order to detect whether a low-voltage electrified body is electrified or not; some existing high-voltage electroscopes generally only detect single direct current or alternating current; this results in limitations in the measurement, and these high voltage electroscopes cannot feed back the measurement result to the inspector instantly.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a high-voltage ac/dc electroscope based on magnetic levitation, which can rapidly and reliably detect ac or dc and can feed back the measurement result to the detecting personnel in real time.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a high-voltage alternating current and direct current electricity testing device based on magnetic suspension comprises a detection device, an insulating handle and a detection terminal; the detection device comprises an electricity testing head, a photoelectric preprocessing module, a processor module, a power supply module, a self-checking module, an alarm module and a Zigbee wireless transmission module, wherein the electricity testing head is connected with the photoelectric preprocessing module, the self-checking module, the alarm module and the Zigbee wireless transmission module are all connected with the processor module, and the power supply module supplies power to each electrical element; the insulated handle is connected with the detection device; the detection terminal is also provided with a Zigbee wireless transmission module and is in wireless connection with the detection device through the Zigbee wireless transmission module; the method is characterized in that:
the electroscope comprises a bracket, a high-voltage probe, a copper sheet, a rotating shaft, a rotor aluminum foil, a fixed aluminum foil, a polarizing grating, a laser source and a grating photocell; the support includes four insulation fixing plates that the level set up and vertical distribution: the first fixing plate, the second fixing plate, the third fixing plate and the fourth fixing plate are arranged on the base; the first fixing plate, the second fixing plate, the third fixing plate and the fourth fixing plate are connected through a plurality of vertically arranged insulated connecting rods;
the middle parts of the first fixing plate, the second fixing plate and the third fixing plate are all provided with a through hole; the copper sheet is arranged on the upper side of the first fixing plate and shields the through hole on the first fixing plate, and the high-voltage probe is arranged above the copper sheet and electrically connected with the copper sheet; the rotating shaft is made of a rigid light conductive material, and two ends of the rotating shaft are conical; the lower end of the rotating shaft sequentially penetrates through holes in the second fixing plate and the third fixing plate and is connected with the second fixing plate and the third fixing plate through a radial permanent magnet suspension bearing respectively; under the action of the radial permanent magnetic suspension bearing, the upper end of the rotating shaft is contacted with the copper sheet, and a gap is formed between the lower end of the rotating shaft and the upper side of the fourth fixing plate, so that the rotating shaft is limited by the copper sheet and the fourth fixing plate in the axial direction;
the rotor aluminum foil and the fixed aluminum foil are both positioned on a vertical plane; the rotor aluminum foil is arranged on the rotating shaft along the radial direction of the rotating shaft, the fixed aluminum foil is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the third fixing plate, is opposite to the rotor aluminum foil and is tightly attached to the rotor aluminum foil, and the fixed aluminum foil is connected with the copper sheet on the first fixing plate through a lead;
the polarizing grating is positioned between the third fixing plate and the fourth fixing plate, one side of the polarizing grating is connected with the rotating shaft, and the other side of the polarizing grating inclines upwards; the laser source is arranged on the fourth fixing plate, and light emitted by the laser source can strike the polarizing grating; a light through hole is formed in the fourth fixing plate below the polarizing grating, and light reflected by the polarizing grating can pass through the light through hole; the grating photocell is arranged on the lower side of the fourth fixing plate, corresponds to the position of the light through hole, can receive light reflected by the polarizing grating, and is connected with the photoelectric preprocessing module.
Further, the connecting rod has the screw thread, and wherein, first fixed plate and the upper end threaded connection of connecting rod, second fixed plate, third fixed plate and fourth fixed plate are respectively through being located its top and below lock nut and connecting rod fixed connection, can adjust the relative distance position between four fixed plates through adjusting lock nut's position.
Furthermore, the radial permanent magnetic suspension bearing comprises an inner magnetic ring rotor and an outer magnetic ring stator which are arranged coaxially; the inner magnetic ring rotors of the two radial permanent magnetic suspension bearings are sleeved on the rotating shaft and fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the outer magnetic ring stators of the two radial permanent magnetic suspension bearings are respectively installed in the through holes of the second fixing plate and the third fixing plate and fixedly connected with the second fixing plate and the third fixing plate.
Further, the radial permanent magnetic suspension bearing: if the end face is magnetized, the S pole of one radial permanent magnet suspension bearing faces upwards, and the S pole of the other radial permanent magnet suspension bearing faces downwards; if the magnetic field is charged radially, the S pole of one radial permanent magnetic suspension bearing is centripetal, and the polarity direction of the other radial permanent magnetic suspension bearing is opposite.
Furthermore, the rotor aluminum foil and the fixed aluminum foil are both two and are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the rotating shaft.
Furthermore, the rotor aluminum foil and the fixed aluminum foil are two pieces and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the rotating shaft.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the device can measure direct current and alternating current, and has the advantages of strong practicability, small size, portability, wide application voltage grade and the like.
2. Through adopting the magnetic suspension structure, reduced frictional force, improved the measurement accuracy of sensor, can realize the contact and test the electricity and can also realize extra-high voltage non-contact measurement simultaneously, solved the electrified body interference of neighbouring equipment under test effectively and leaded to testing the problem that the electric result repeatability is not good, the degree of accuracy is not high, more effective detection goes out the electrified state of the electrified body under test, and the testing result is more stable, reliable.
3. The low-voltage end of the detection device is not grounded, the high-voltage breakdown danger of elements is avoided, and the high-voltage breakdown danger of low-voltage electronic elements is increased without increasing longer leads as a common low-voltage electronic leakage current detection method; the insulation of the electroscope depends on the insulation strength of the insulated handle, so that the insulation is quite high, and the whole electroscope is safe and reliable.
4. The first time of the charged state can be sent to a user, and the Zigbee wireless transmission system realizes reliable transmission of the electricity testing result to advocate definite charged information, so that the problem of interference existing in traditional wiring in a strong electromagnetic environment is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a magnetic suspension-based high-voltage ac/dc electroscope according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the electroscope head.
In the figure: 101-a first fixing plate, 102-a second fixing plate, 103-a third fixing plate, 104-a fourth fixing plate, 2-a connecting rod, 3-a high-voltage probe, 4-a copper sheet, 5-a rotating shaft, 6-a rotor aluminum foil, 7-a fixing aluminum foil, 8-a polarizing grating, 9-a laser source, 10-a grating photocell, and 11-a light through hole.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Example (b): referring to fig. 1 and 2, the high-voltage alternating current and direct current electricity testing device based on magnetic suspension comprises a detection device, an insulating handle and a detection terminal. The detection device comprises an electricity testing head, a photoelectric preprocessing module, a processor module, a power supply module, a self-checking module, an alarm module and a Zigbee wireless transmission module; the electroscope head is connected with the photoelectric pretreatment module; the photoelectric preprocessing module, the self-checking module, the alarm module and the Zigbee wireless transmission module are all connected with the processor module; the self-checking module detects the normal operation of the main control system and provides overvoltage protection for possible overvoltage; the power module supplies power to each electric element. The insulating handle is connected with the detection device; during the concrete implementation, this insulated handle is extending structure to it is more convenient when using, and the insulated handle that the high-voltage end discharge broke down when preventing to hold the handle by hand, thereby can further improve the security performance. The detection terminal is also provided with a Zigbee wireless transmission module and is in wireless connection with the detection device through the Zigbee wireless transmission module; the Zigbee wireless transmission module has the advantages of low power consumption, low cost, short time limit, high capacity, high safety and the like.
The electroscope comprises a bracket, a high-voltage probe 3, a copper sheet 4, a rotating shaft 5, a rotor aluminum foil 6, a fixed aluminum foil 7, a polarizing grating 8, a laser source 9 and a grating photocell 10. The support includes four insulation fixing plates that level setting and vertical distribution: a first fixing plate 101, a second fixing plate 102, a third fixing plate 103, and a fourth fixing plate 104; the first fixing plate 101, the second fixing plate 102, the third fixing plate 103 and the fourth fixing plate 104 are connected by a plurality of vertically arranged insulated connecting rods 2. In the actual manufacturing process, the connecting rod 2 is provided with threads, wherein the first fixing plate 101 is in threaded connection with the upper end of the connecting rod 2, the second fixing plate 102, the third fixing plate 103 and the fourth fixing plate 104 are respectively and fixedly connected with the connecting rod 2 through locking nuts positioned above and below the first fixing plate, and the relative distance positions among the four fixing plates can be adjusted by adjusting the positions of the locking nuts; therefore, the support is more convenient and faster to assemble, and the distance between the four insulation fixing plates can be adjusted randomly according to actual needs.
A through hole is formed in the middle (preferably the center) of each of the first fixing plate 101, the second fixing plate 102 and the third fixing plate 103, wherein the axial lines of the through holes on the first fixing plate 101, the second fixing plate 102 and the third fixing plate 103 are coincident. The copper sheet 4 is arranged on the upper side of the first fixing plate 101 and shields the through hole on the first fixing plate 101; the high-voltage probe 3 is arranged above the copper sheet 4 and is electrically connected with the copper sheet 4. The rotating shaft 5 is made of a rigid light conductive material; the lower end of the rotating shaft 5 sequentially passes through the through holes of the second fixing plate 102 and the third fixing plate 103, and is connected with the second fixing plate 102 and the third fixing plate 103 through a radial permanent magnetic suspension bearing respectively. Under the action of the radial permanent magnetic suspension bearing, the upper end of the rotating shaft 5 is contacted with the copper sheet 4, so that the upper end of the rotating shaft 5 is electrically connected with the copper sheet 4. A gap is formed between the lower end of the rotating shaft 5 and the upper side of the fourth fixing plate 104, and the size of the gap is 0.1-0.2mm, so that the rotating shaft 5 is limited by the copper sheets 4 and the fourth fixing plate 104 in the axial direction. In the installation process, if the upper end of the rotating shaft 5 is abutted against the copper sheet 4 at the beginning, the outer magnetic ring is adjusted downwards until the upper end of the rotating shaft 5 just can be contacted with the copper sheet 4; in practical implementation, both ends (upper and lower) of the rotating shaft 5 are conical; thereby forming point contact between the rotating shaft 5 and both the copper sheets 4 and the fourth fixing plate 104 to greatly reduce the frictional force.
In the scheme, the radial permanent magnetic suspension bearing comprises an inner magnetic ring rotor and an outer magnetic ring stator which are arranged with the same axis. Wherein, the inner magnetic ring rotors of the two radial permanent magnetic suspension bearings are sleeved on the rotating shaft 5 and fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 5; the outer magnetic ring stators of the two radial permanent magnetic suspension bearings are respectively installed in the through holes of the second fixing plate 102 and the third fixing plate 103 and are respectively fixedly connected with the second fixing plate 102 and the third fixing plate 103. When the device is used, if the top end of the electricity testing device is hung at the lower end of a certain extremely soft wire, the axial direction of the rotating shaft 5 is always in a vertical state. Under the action of the repulsive force of the radial permanent magnet suspension bearing, the rotating shaft 5 is in a radial suspension state, and the upper end of the rotating shaft 5 can be contacted with the copper sheet 4 or the lower end point can be contacted with the fourth fixing plate 104 by adjusting the axial relative position of the inner magnetic ring and the outer magnetic ring. In the assembling process, firstly, locking nuts above and below the fourth fixing plate 104 are adjusted to enable two end points of the rotating shaft 5 to be exactly propped against the lower side of the copper sheet 4 of the first fixing plate 101 and the upper side of the fourth fixing plate 104 respectively; then, the locking nuts on the upper and lower parts of the second fixing plate 102 and the third fixing plate 103 are adjusted, so that the radial permanent magnetic suspension bearing can radially suspend the rotating shaft 5, and simultaneously can offset the total weight of the rotating shaft 5 and accessories thereon, thereby greatly reducing the frictional resistance of the rotating shaft 5 in the rotating process and enabling the rotating shaft 5 to freely rotate.
During assembly, the radial permanent magnet suspension bearing: if the end face is magnetized, the S pole of one radial permanent magnet suspension bearing faces upwards, and the S pole of the other radial permanent magnet suspension bearing faces downwards; if the magnetic field is charged radially, the S pole of one radial permanent magnetic suspension bearing is centripetal, and the polarity of the other radial permanent magnetic suspension bearing is opposite (namely the N pole is centripetal); thus, the interference of the earth magnetic field and the interference of the magnetic field generated by extremely low frequency or direct current in the high-voltage conductor can be greatly reduced.
The rotor aluminum foil 6 and the fixed aluminum foil 7 are both located on a vertical plane. Wherein, the rotor aluminum foil 6 is mounted on the rotating shaft 5 along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 5 and close to the third fixing plate 103. The fixed aluminum foil 7 is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the third fixing plate 103, is opposite to the rotor aluminum foil 6 and is tightly attached to the rotor aluminum foil, and the fixed aluminum foil 7 is connected with the copper sheets 4 on the first fixing plate 101 through a lead. In specific implementation, the rotor aluminum foil 6 and the fixed aluminum foil 7 are two and are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the rotating shaft 5; thereby making the reaction of the rotating shaft 5 more sensitive and the detection more stable and reliable. In the assembling process, the rotor aluminum foil 6 and the fixed aluminum foil 7 are in close contact and opposite relation when the high voltage to be measured is not approached; if the two sets of magnetic bearing stators and the rotor are not close to the high pressure to be measured, locking nuts above and below the connecting rod 2 at the positions of the second fixing plate 102 and the third fixing plate 103 are finely adjusted, or the relative inclination angles of the two sets of magnetic bearing stators and the rotor are finely adjusted under the condition of ensuring axial and radial magnetic levitation, so that the rotor aluminum foil 6 and the fixed aluminum foil 7 are close to each other and are just opposite to each other when the high pressure to be measured is not close to each other. The lead is close to the rotating shaft 5 to reduce the shielding effect of the lead on the fixed aluminum foil 7 and the rotor aluminum foil 6; when the high-voltage probe 3 approaches or contacts a high-voltage conductor or charge to be detected, the high-voltage charge is conducted to the rotor aluminum foil 6 and the fixed aluminum foil 7, so that the rotor aluminum foil 6 and the fixed aluminum foil 7 carry the same charge; the electrostatic mutual repulsive force of the two drives the rotating shaft 5 to rotate for an angle; the higher the voltage or charge voltage or the higher the charge density of the high-voltage conductor to be detected, the greater the angle through which the rotary shaft 5 is rotated.
The polarizing grating 8 is positioned between the third fixing plate 103 and the fourth fixing plate 104 and close to the fourth fixing plate 104, one side of the polarizing grating is connected with the rotating shaft, and the other side of the polarizing grating is inclined upwards; the polarizing grating 8 can rotate with the rotating shaft 5. The laser source 9 is mounted on the fourth fixing plate 104, and light emitted by the laser source can strike the polarizing grating 8. A light-passing hole 11 is formed in the fourth fixing plate 104 below the polarizing grating 8, and light reflected by the polarizing grating 8 can pass through the light-passing hole 11. The grating photocell 10 is installed at the lower side of the fourth fixing plate 104, corresponds to the position of the light through hole 11, and can receive light reflected by the polarizing grating 8, and the grating photocell 10 is connected with the photoelectric preprocessing module. In the working process, the laser source 9 provides incident light for the polarization grating 8, and in the rotating process before and after the rotating shaft 5 is electrified, the light signals reflected by the polarization grating 8 and received by the grating photocell 10 can be sequentially changed in light and shade alternately, and the change carries the information of the rotating angle of the rotating shaft 5, namely the information of the high-voltage conductor to be detected or the charge voltage or the charge density.
In the using process, when the high-voltage probe 3 is close to or is in contact with a measured high-voltage conductor, charge transfer is generated, at the moment, the rotor aluminum foil 6 and the fixed aluminum foil 7 carry the same charge to generate repulsive force, so that the rotating shaft 5 rotates, the polarization grating 8 rotates along with the rotating shaft in the rotating process of the rotating shaft 5, light and shade of light reflected by the polarization grating 8 are changed alternately, the grating photocell 10 acquires the light and shade change process of light signals reflected by the polarization grating 8, then the light and shade change process is converted into the deflection angle of the polarization grating 8 (the rotating shaft 5) through the photoelectric preprocessing module, angle signals are transmitted to the processor module, the processor module is used for solving voltage information of the high-voltage conductor to be measured, and the voltage information is transmitted to the Zigbee detection terminal through the wireless transmission module; meanwhile, when high voltage is detected, the alarm module warns.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the technical solutions, and those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all that should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A high-voltage alternating current-direct current electricity testing device based on magnetic suspension comprises a detection device, an insulating handle and a detection terminal; the detection device comprises an electricity testing head, a photoelectric preprocessing module, a processor module, a power supply module, a self-checking module, an alarm module and a Zigbee wireless transmission module, wherein the electricity testing head is connected with the photoelectric preprocessing module, the self-checking module, the alarm module and the Zigbee wireless transmission module are all connected with the processor module, and the power supply module supplies power to each electrical element; the insulated handle is connected with the detection device; the detection terminal is also provided with a Zigbee wireless transmission module and is in wireless connection with the detection device through the Zigbee wireless transmission module; the method is characterized in that:
the electroscope comprises a bracket, a high-voltage probe, a copper sheet, a rotating shaft, a rotor aluminum foil, a fixed aluminum foil, a polarizing grating, a laser source and a grating photocell; the support includes four insulation fixing plates that level setting and vertical distribution: the first fixing plate, the second fixing plate, the third fixing plate and the fourth fixing plate are arranged on the base; the first fixing plate, the second fixing plate, the third fixing plate and the fourth fixing plate are connected through a plurality of vertically arranged insulated connecting rods;
the middle parts of the first fixing plate, the second fixing plate and the third fixing plate are all provided with a through hole; the copper sheet is arranged on the upper side of the first fixing plate and shields the through hole on the first fixing plate, and the high-voltage probe is arranged above the copper sheet and electrically connected with the copper sheet; the rotating shaft is made of a rigid light conductive material, and two ends of the rotating shaft are conical; the lower end of the rotating shaft sequentially penetrates through holes in the second fixing plate and the third fixing plate and is connected with the second fixing plate and the third fixing plate through a radial permanent magnet suspension bearing respectively; under the action of the radial permanent magnetic suspension bearing, the upper end of the rotating shaft is contacted with the copper sheet, and a gap is formed between the lower end of the rotating shaft and the upper side of the fourth fixing plate, so that the rotating shaft is limited by the copper sheet and the fourth fixing plate in the axial direction;
the rotor aluminum foil and the fixed aluminum foil are both positioned on a vertical plane; the rotor aluminum foil is arranged on the rotating shaft along the radial direction of the rotating shaft, the fixed aluminum foil is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the third fixing plate, is opposite to the rotor aluminum foil and is tightly attached to the rotor aluminum foil, and the fixed aluminum foil is connected with the copper sheet on the first fixing plate through a lead;
the polarizing grating is positioned between the third fixing plate and the fourth fixing plate, one side of the polarizing grating is connected with the rotating shaft, and the other side of the polarizing grating inclines upwards; the laser source is arranged on the fourth fixing plate, and light emitted by the laser source can strike the polarizing grating; a light through hole is formed in the fourth fixing plate below the polarizing grating, and light reflected by the polarizing grating can pass through the light through hole; the grating photocell is arranged at the lower side of the fourth fixing plate, corresponds to the position of the light through hole, can receive light reflected by the polarizing grating, and is connected with the photoelectric preprocessing module;
the connecting rod is provided with threads, wherein the first fixing plate is in threaded connection with the upper end of the connecting rod, the second fixing plate, the third fixing plate and the fourth fixing plate are respectively and fixedly connected with the connecting rod through locking nuts positioned above and below the second fixing plate, and the relative distance positions among the four fixing plates can be adjusted by adjusting the positions of the locking nuts;
the radial permanent magnetic suspension bearing comprises an inner magnetic ring rotor and an outer magnetic ring stator which are arranged coaxially; the inner magnetic ring rotors of the two radial permanent magnetic suspension bearings are sleeved on the rotating shaft and fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the outer magnetic ring stators of the two radial permanent magnetic suspension bearings are respectively installed in the through holes of the second fixing plate and the third fixing plate and fixedly connected with the second fixing plate and the third fixing plate.
2. The high-voltage alternating-current and direct-current electroscope based on magnetic suspension according to claim 1, wherein: the radial permanent magnetic suspension bearing comprises: if the end face is magnetized, the S pole of one radial permanent magnet suspension bearing faces upwards, and the S pole of the other radial permanent magnet suspension bearing faces downwards; if the magnetic field is charged radially, the S pole of one radial permanent magnetic suspension bearing is centripetal, and the polarity direction of the other radial permanent magnetic suspension bearing is opposite.
3. The high-voltage alternating-current and direct-current electroscope based on magnetic suspension according to claim 1, wherein: the rotor aluminum foil and the fixed aluminum foil are two and are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the rotating shaft.
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