CN104820112B - A kind of device and method of plant leaf vein flow velocity measurement - Google Patents
A kind of device and method of plant leaf vein flow velocity measurement Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of device of plant leaf vein flow velocity measurement, including black wood frame, the first black paperboard and slr camera, some blue LED lamps in a certain angle for being symmetricly set in both sides in front of the black wood frame that are respectively arranged at the black wood frame dead astern and front, the second black paperboard for placing plant leaf blade is provided with the middle part of the black wood frame, the black wood frame bottom is provided with the black small container for placing fluorescent solutions, and the slr camera connects computer by data wire.Present invention also offers a kind of method of plant leaf vein flow velocity measurement.The present invention can with it is effectively measuring go out whole plant leaf blade on the different brackets vein flow velocity in section at any time, avoid when changing blade due between different blades otherness it is larger and may caused by larger experimental data error.Designed algorithm can be applied in other similar experiment photographed data extractions, have very high practical value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to flow velocity fields of measurement, more particularly to a kind of device and method of plant leaf vein flow velocity measurement.
Background technology
At present, the method on flow velocity measurement has a lot, but extremely rare for the measuring method of plant leaf vein flow velocity.
Domestic and international pertinent literature is made a general survey of, only H ü ve were measured under the microscope in 2002 using dimethyl diaminophenazine chloride/the acid fuchsine solution
The data of plant leaf vein flow velocity.But its method is disadvantageous in that, 2 ~ 3 selected leaves can only be measured every time under the microscope
Arteries and veins, therefore the vein that measure whole blade then needs to re-replace blade.Because otherness is larger between different blades, institute
So that experimental data error may be caused larger.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of effective, with reference to fluorescent labelling techniques and
The plant leaf vein flow velocity new method of measuring of image processing techniques.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of device of plant leaf vein flow velocity measurement, including black wood frame, it is respectively arranged at the wooden frame of the black
First black paperboard and slr camera in frame dead astern and front, in a certain angle it is symmetricly set in the black wood frame
Some blue LED lamps of front both sides, the black wood frame middle part are provided with the second black for placing plant leaf blade
Paperboard, the black wood frame bottom are provided with the black small container for placing fluorescent solutions, and the slr camera passes through
Data wire connects computer.
Further, the slr camera is configured with 100 mm and focuses micro-lens, installs a circle before camera lens successively
Polarisation filter C-POL, an orange filter and a yellow filter, the rotatory polarization filter C-POL, which is used to reduce, enters camera
Blue light reflective on form implants blade, that orange filter and yellow filter were used for noise filtering and LED is sent, and
Make the brightness of fluorescent solutions strengthen.
Further, the blue LED lamp for being arranged at both sides in front of the black wood frame is respectively 10.
Further, every lamp blue LED lamp is equipped with alloing its individually random adjustment angle and controlling switch
The flexible lamp socket and independent switch of state.
Further, it is arranged between some blue LED lamps injection light of the front both sides of black wood frame 2
Angle theta is 85 ° -95 °.
Further, distance d of first black paperboard apart from framework rear is 300 mm.
Further, the shapes and sizes of second black paperboard and the shapes and sizes of the plant leaf blade to be observed
It is consistent.
Further, the fluorescent solutions molecular formula is C20H12O5, the aqueous solution for being the g/L of concentration 0.3 ~ 0.9.
Present invention also offers a kind of plant leaf vein flow-speed measurement method based on described device, including step：
1）The plant leaf blade to be observed is fixed in the second black paperboard, the upper-lower height of plant leaf blade is adjusted, makes
Its petiole bottom is extend into black small container；
2）The recording function of slr camera is opened, adjusting the front and back position of slr camera makes form to photograph just entirely
Plant leaf blade；
3）Open all blue LED lamps, rotate rotatory polarization filter C-POL make on the picture that photographs it is reflective at utmost
Ground weakens；
4）Start to record a video, while the fluorescent solutions configured toward injection in black small container, until not crossing petiole bottom；
5）The flow process of fluorescent solutions is observed, stops video recording when fluorescent solutions stream completely whole blade, and will be recorded
Video data preserve into computer；
6）Video is taken out into frame every certain frame number and obtains picture, the picture for then choosing last frame is translated into ash
Degree figure；
7）A suitable threshold value is chosen on gray-scale map, binary map can be translated into, then calculated by skeletonizing
Method extracts plant leaf vein figure, and vein is numbered in sequence；
8）For a selected vein, contrast video recording repeatedly, choose what the solution to be measured flowed in the vein
For a period of time, the frame section corresponding to it is [A, B]；
9）The picture of A frames and B frames is chosen, is translated into gray-scale map respectively, and carry out with the gray-scale map of the first frame picture
Difference operation, obtains brightness value of the selected vein respectively in A frames and B frames；
10）Two brightness values during for A frames and B frames, a suitable threshold value is chosen by contrasting, can be respectively obtained
The highest distance position that fluorescent solutions are flowed at the two moment in selected vein；
11）Calculated by the coordinate value of the two highest distance positions read in MATLAB softwares, obtain fluorescent solutions
The distance flowed through within the time corresponding to the two moment, again divided by the period can calculate selected vein and exist finally
Flow velocity in the period.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The present invention can with it is effectively measuring go out whole plant leaf blade on the different brackets vein flow velocity in section at any time,
Avoid change blade when due between different blades otherness it is larger and may caused by larger experimental data error.Together
When, this method whole can carry out Real Time Observation by external computer, and computer calculation is employed during extraction flow speed data
Method is completed, and visual result is reliable, in the future can be as a kind of new method that vein flow velocity is measured in research plant experimental.It is designed
Algorithm can be applied in other similar experiment photographed datas extractions, there is very high practical value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic device of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the plant leaf blade of the embodiment of the present invention two is attached in black wood frame；
Fig. 3 is the flow velocity Measurement Algorithm flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 4 is the gray-scale map of the uncommon jasmine of the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 5 is the binary map of the uncommon jasmine of the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 6 is the vein figure of the uncommon jasmine of the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 7 is that the uncommon jasmine of the embodiment of the present invention two is interior every the master measured by 300 frames in frame section [1501,6001]
Arteries and veins flow velocity.
Shown in figure：1- blue LED lamps, 2- black wood frame, the black paperboards of 3- first, 4- slr cameras, 5- circles are inclined
The orange filter of light filter, 6-, 7- yellow filters, 8- computers, 9- black small container, 10- plant leaf blades, 11- the second black cards
Paper.
Embodiment
The goal of the invention of the present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, embodiment is not
It can repeat one by one herein, but therefore embodiments of the present invention are not defined in following examples.
Embodiment one
As shown in figure 1, a kind of device of plant leaf vein flow velocity measurement, including black wood frame 2, be respectively arranged at it is described
First black paperboard 3 and slr camera 4 in the dead astern of black wood frame 2 and front, in a certain angle it is symmetricly set in institute
Some blue LED lamps 1 of the front both sides of black wood frame 2 are stated, the middle part of black wood frame 2 is provided with plants for placing
Second black paperboard 11 of thing blade 10, the bottom of black wood frame 2 are provided with small for the black of placing fluorescent solutions
Container 9, the slr camera 4 connect computer 8 by data wire.
The slr camera 4 is configured with 100 mm and focuses micro-lens, installs a rotatory polarization filter before camera lens successively
C-POL5, an orange filter 6 and a yellow filter 7.
The blue LED lamp for being arranged at the front both sides of black wood frame 2 is respectively 10,
Every lamp blue LED lamp is equipped with alloing the flexibility of its independent random adjustment angle and controlling switch state
Lamp socket and independent switch.
Be arranged at the front both sides of black wood frame 2 some blue LED lamps 1 project light between angle theta be
85°-95°。
Distance d of first black paperboard 3 apart from the rear of black wood frame 2 is 300 mm.
The shapes and sizes of second black paperboard 11 and the shapes and sizes phase one of the plant leaf blade 10 to be observed
Cause.
The fluorescent solutions molecular formula is C20H12O5, be the g/L of concentration 0.3 ~ 0.9 the aqueous solution.
Embodiment two
As shown in figure 3, a kind of plant leaf vein flow-speed measurement method based on described device, including step：
1）The plant leaf blade 10 to be observed is fixed in the second black paperboard 11, the plant leaf blade 10 of the present embodiment selects
With uncommon jasmine blade, the upper-lower height of plant leaf blade 10 is adjusted, its petiole bottom is extend into black small container 9（See Fig. 2）；
2）The recording function of slr camera 4 is opened, form is photographed just whole for the front and back position of adjustment slr camera 4
Individual plant leaf blade 10；
3）Open all blue LED lamps 1, rotating rotatory polarization filter C-POL makes reflective maximum journey on the picture that photographs
Degree ground weakens；
4）Start to record a video, while the fluorescent solutions configured toward injection in black small container 9, until not crossing petiole bottom；
5）The flow process of fluorescent solutions is observed, stops video recording when fluorescent solutions stream completely whole blade, and will be recorded
Video data preserve into computer 8；
6）Video is taken out into frame every 25 frames and obtains picture, the picture for then choosing last frame is translated into gray-scale map
(see Fig. 4)；
7）A suitable threshold value is chosen on gray-scale map, binary map (see Fig. 5) can be translated into, then passed through
Skeletonization algorithm extracts plant leaf vein figure (see Fig. 6), and vein is numbered in sequence；
8）The master pulse of selected uncommon jasmine, contrast video recording repeatedly, chooses the solution to be measured flows in the vein one
The section time, the frame section corresponding to it is [1501,1801]；
9）Choose the picture of 1501 frames and 1801 frames, be translated into gray-scale map respectively, and with the gray scale of the first frame picture
Figure carries out difference operation, obtains brightness value of the master pulse respectively in 1501 frames and 1801 frame；
10）Two brightness values during for 1501 frames and 1801 frame, a suitable threshold value, Ke Yifen are chosen by contrasting
The highest distance position that fluorescent solutions are flowed at the two moment in master pulse is not obtained；
11）Calculated by the coordinate value of the two highest distance positions read in MATLAB softwares, obtain fluorescent solutions
The distance flowed through within the time corresponding to the two moment, again divided by the period can calculate master pulse in the time finally
Flow velocity in section.
The present embodiment, can be from shooting gained by the algorithm designed in MATLAB softwares based on image processing techniques
Flow velocity of the fluorescent solutions in plant leaf vein is extracted in video recording.
Fig. 7 is that the master pulse of the uncommon jasmine of the present embodiment takes a little in frame section [1501,6001] every 300 frames, is then pressed
According to the master pulse flow velocity between each two point measured by the method for the present embodiment, such as [1501,1801], [1801,2101]
Deng, can verify the present embodiment provide plant leaf vein flow-speed measurement method validity.
Method provided by the present invention is applicable not only in the measurement of plant leaf vein flow velocity, can be also used for other having similar survey
In the experiment photographed data extraction that amount requires, all within protection scope of the present invention.
The above embodiment of the present invention is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and is not to the present invention
Embodiment restriction.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make on the basis of the above description
Other various forms of changes or variation.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.It is all the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within spirit and principle etc., should be included in the protection of the claims in the present invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of plant leaf vein flow-speed measurement method of the device based on the measurement of plant leaf vein flow velocity, described device include black wood
Matter framework (2), the first black paperboard (3) for being respectively arranged at black wood frame (2) dead astern and front and list are anti-
Camera (4), some blue LED lamps (1) in a certain angle for being symmetricly set in both sides in front of the black wood frame (2), institute
State the second black paperboard (11) being provided with the middle part of black wood frame (2) for placing plant leaf blade (10), the black wood
Matter framework (2) bottom is provided with the black small container (9) for placing fluorescent solutions, and the slr camera (4) passes through data wire
Connect computer (8)；The slr camera (4) is configured with 100 mm and focuses micro-lens, installs a circle before camera lens successively
Polarisation filter C-POL (5), an orange filter (6) and a yellow filter (7)；Before being arranged at the black wood frame (2)
The blue LED lamp (1) of square both sides is respectively 10；Every blue LED lamp (1) is equipped with alloing its individually random adjusting angle
The flexible lamp socket and independent switch of degree and controlling switch state；It is arranged at some of black wood frame (2) front both sides
The angle theta that blue LED lamp (1) projects between light is 85 ° -95 °；First black paperboard (3) is apart from black wood frame
(2) the distance d at rear is 300 mm；The shapes and sizes of second black paperboard (11) and the plant leaf blade to be observed
(10) shapes and sizes are consistent；The fluorescent solutions molecular formula is C20H12O5, be the g/L of concentration 0.3 ~ 0.9 the aqueous solution；
Characterized in that, methods described includes step：
1）The plant leaf blade to be observed (10) is fixed in the second black paperboard (11), above and below adjustment plant leaf blade (10)
Highly, its petiole bottom is made to extend into black small container (9)；
2）The recording function of slr camera (4) is opened, form is photographed just whole for the front and back position of adjustment slr camera (4)
Individual plant leaf blade (10)；
3）Open all blue LED lamps (1), rotate rotatory polarization filter C-POL make on the picture that photographs it is reflective at utmost
Ground weakens；
4）Start to record a video, while the fluorescent solutions configured toward injection in black small container (9), until not crossing petiole bottom；
5）The flow process of fluorescent solutions is observed, stops video recording when fluorescent solutions stream completely whole blade, and regard what is recorded
Frequency is according to preservation into computer (8)；
6）Video is taken out into frame every certain frame number and obtains picture, the picture for then choosing last frame is translated into gray scale
Figure；
7）A suitable threshold value is chosen on gray-scale map, binary map can be translated into, then carried by skeletonization algorithm
Plant leaf vein figure is taken out, vein is numbered in sequence；
8）For a selected vein, contrast video recording repeatedly, one section that the solution to be measured flows in the vein is chosen
Time, the frame section corresponding to it are [A, B]；
9）The picture of A frames and B frames is chosen, is translated into gray-scale map respectively, and differed with the gray-scale map of the first frame picture
Operation, obtains brightness value of the selected vein respectively in A frames and B frames；
10）Two brightness values during for A frames and B frames, a suitable threshold value is chosen by contrasting, fluorescence can be respectively obtained
The highest distance position that solution is flowed at the two moment in selected vein；
11）Calculated by the coordinate value of the two highest distance positions read in MATLAB softwares, obtain fluorescent solutions at this
The distance flowed through in time corresponding to two moment, again divided by the period can calculate selected vein at this finally
Between flow velocity in section.
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