CN101527621A - Method for requesting descending link-to-link hybrid auto-repeat in relay network - Google Patents
Method for requesting descending link-to-link hybrid auto-repeat in relay network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for requesting descending link-to-link hybrid auto-repeat in relay network. The method comprises the following steps that: a communication path between a multi-hop relay base station and a mobile station is divided into a plurality of links; each link comprises a plurality of hops; each hop in each link adopts end-to-end hybrid auto-repeat request; and hybrid auto-repeat request data is transmitted to the next link only after the previous link is successful in transmission. As the method adopts link division for the communication path between the multi-hop relay base station and the mobile station, and adopts end-to-end hybrid auto-repeat request HARQ for each hop in each link so as to achieve the equalization effects of end to end and hop by hop, thereby achieving high transmission efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mixed automatic retransmission request method of communication network, particularly, relate to the mixed automatic retransmission request method in a kind of radio communication centralized control formula junction network.
Background technology
Cordless communication network is in order to enlarge system ovelay range and to increase power system capacity, as shown in Figure 1, can between multi-hop relay base station MR-BS (Base Station) and mobile radio station MS (Base Station), adopt one or more relay station RS (relay station).
But because the introducing of relay station RS, mixing automatic request retransmission (HARQ, Hybrid AutoRepeat Request) design also can corresponding complexity.HARQ is a kind of link adaptation techniques, and ARQ is an automatic repeat request, and HARQ is with forward error correction coding (FEC) and the automatic technology that combines of repeat requests (ARQ).Forward error correction coding (FEC) has improved the reliability of transmission, but when channel situation is better, because too much correction bits has reduced throughput on the contrary.ARQ can not obtain desirable throughput under the error rate is not very high situation, but can introduce time delay, considers FEC and ARQ combined just to have formed hybrid ARQ.The check bit that in each packet that sends, contains error correction and error detection.If receive and to make mistakes bit number within error correcting capability in the bag, then wrongly corrected voluntarily, when mistake has exceeded the error correcting capability of FEC, then allow the repeating transmission of making a start.
System as shown in Figure 1 is for down link, if after correct HARQ data that receive and transmit from upstream node of relay station RS, the data of this relay station RS relaying have but been lost in the substation, downstream that is attached thereto.By the data of multi-hop relay base station MR-BS retransmits lost, certainly will will cause the inefficiency and the wasting of resources this moment again.Therefore, a rational HARQ design should allow the relay station RS that correctly receives data resend data.But, how to allow this relay station RS in time retransmit these data, remain a problem.
In addition, can be divided into centralized control formula and distributed control type to relay system according to the interface-free resources scheduling mode.Channel resource must be distributed by multi-hop relay base station MR-BS in the centralized control formula system, therefore adopts the relay system HARQ design of centralized scheduling relay station RS the most complicated.
The method of the centralized junction network HARQ of present descending multi-hop mainly contains two kinds: end-to-end (endto end) HARQ and every jumping feedback (hop by hop).
Among the end-to-end HARQ, multi-hop relay base station MR-BS is distributed corresponding uplink ACK channel to each relay station RS before sending certain HARQ data, and all up feedbacks all must be carried out according to this configuration.Multi-hop relay base station MR-BS is judged the forwarding result of HARQ data between each relay station RS who is sent out with the coding of the up feedback of basis.
If a relay station RS correctly receives data at first frame, it can be transmitted data and not give up feeding back ACK to downlink relay station RS at second frame.Multi-hop relay base station MR-BS can only receive the ACK feedback from mobile radio station MS at the frame of regulation.
Correspondingly, if a relay station RS correctly receives data at first frame, this misdata can not hand down again, but relay station RS must be uploaded to multi-hop relay base station MR-BS to respective coding NAK according to the up channel distribution of base station indication in advance.Because what distribute consideration in advance is successfully to transmit situation, if the transmission data failure necessarily has some frames wastes.
In order to reduce such waste, a very natural idea is every jumping feedback.Each relay station RS must feed back to multi-hop relay base station MR-BS after receiving data.If relay station RS has correctly received data, multi-hop relay base station MR-BS is used to transmit correct data just for this relay station RS allocated channel, otherwise arranges resending of these data.Though this design stopped end-to-end in the waste that causes of allocated channel in advance, the expense that every jumping is fed back is but very big.If especially every jumping is all correctly transmitted, the ACK that all relay station RS upload can regard waste as.
Therefore, from prior art as can be seen, in present centralized scheduling multi-hop relay network HARQ design, no matter there is the excessive problem of the wasting of resources or expense in which kind of mode of employing.For this reason, need a kind of new HARQ design to overcome above-mentioned defective.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to problem, be intended to improve efficiency of transmission among the descending link-to-link HARQ and resource utilization in the junction network at above-mentioned prior art existence.
Technical scheme of the present invention comprises:
A kind of junction network descending link-to-link mixes the method for automatic repeat requests, and it may further comprise the steps:
Multi-hop relay base station is divided into several links to the communication path between the travelling carriage, in each link, comprises some jumpings;
Link inner each jump and adopt the automatic repeat requests of end-to-end mixing, the automatic repeat requests data of described mixing only after previous link transmission success just to next link transmission.
Described method, wherein, described link dividing mode is specified by described multi-hop relay base station, or reports described multi-hop relay base station after being decided in its sole discretion by each relay station.
Described method, wherein, the scheduling of resource of described each link internal transmission and feedback is determined by described multi-hop relay base station.
Described method, wherein, the automatic repeat requests of end-to-end mixing for a certain link data is handled according to following process: certain relay station is received data at the i frame, i is the counting natural number, Ying Zaidi i+m frame is to this data upload feedback, and m is calculated by multi-hop relay base station notice relay station or m is specified in resource allocation message by multi-hop relay base station.
Described method, wherein, in the automatic request retransmission process of the end-to-end mixing of described link data, when the transmission data failure, the relay station of bust this reports described multi-hop relay base station with feedback encoding; Described multi-hop relay base station according to this feedback encoding learn bust this occur in which jump and scheduling resource for re-transmission.
Described method, wherein, in the automatic request retransmission process of the end-to-end mixing of described link data, if initial data transfer or re-transmission occur in the downstream of a certain link, described multi-hop relay base station is notified the moment that all relay stations calculate the feedback of transmitting described initial data transfer or data retransmission in the described link, perhaps directly tells described relay station to transmit the moment of described feedback.
Described method, wherein, for the feedback of downstream links initial data transfer or re-transmission, described relay station must be transmitted described feedback and arrive described multi-hop relay base station.
Described method wherein, is jumped for taking place to retransmit, and described multi-hop relay base station is dispatched the re-transmission resource in advance, and this is jumped and finds the Data Receiving failure, retransmits on the interface-free resources of scheduling in advance to get started.
Described method, wherein, the order of described each link circuit resource scheduling is determined by described multi-hop relay base station.
A kind of junction network descending link-to-link provided by the present invention mixes the method for automatic repeat requests, compared with prior art, cut apart to the link of communication path between the mobile radio station in multi-hop relay base station owing to adopt, and respectively jump employing in link inside and mix automatic request retransmission HARQ end to end, reach the portfolio effect of end-to-end and every jumping feedback, therefore reached higher efficiency of transmission.
Description of drawings
The following drawings explanation is illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation thereof only, and is used to explain the present invention, and does not constitute the improper qualification of scope that the present invention is asked for protection.In the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the wireless relay network configuration of all embodiment according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the descending link-to-link HARQ schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 3 is the descending link-to-link HARQ schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 4 is the descending link-to-link HARQ schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 3;
Fig. 5 is the descending link-to-link HARQ schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 4;
Fig. 6 is the concentrated feedback encoding sample table when being applied to the WiMAX system according to the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the empty burst mode definition list when being applied to the WiMAX system according to the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the empty burst format definition list when being applied to the WiMAX system according to the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9 is the delay of feedback notification mode definition list when being applied to the WiMAX system according to the embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 is the delay of feedback Notification Format table when being applied to the WiMAX system according to the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Describe each preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail hereinafter with reference to each accompanying drawing.
Junction network descending link-to-link of the present invention mixes in the method for automatic repeat requests, its core idea is to the mixing of chain in the automatic request retransmission process at described chain, because multi-hop relay base station MR-BS can be divided into some chains (link) to the communication path of mobile radio station MS, and each chain comprises some jumpings, adopt end-to-end HARQ in inner each jumping of link, and the HARQ data only just might pass to next link after previous link transmission success.Like this, how each link of the present invention constitutes can be come flexibly decision as required, concrete, can but do not limit ground, by the multi-hop relay base station MR-BS appointment, or report multi-hop relay base station MR-BS after deciding in its sole discretion by relay station RS.And the scheduling of resource of each link internal transmission and feedback should be by described multi-hop relay base station MR-BS decision.
For the end-to-end HARQ of this link data in the inventive method,, should feed back at (i+m) frame if certain relay station RS receives data at the i frame.Wherein m can be determined by formula (1):
m=M*q+(M+1)*k (1)
Here, i is the counting natural number; M is the jumping figure that this relay station RS leaves the link terminal point in the formula (2); Q is the fixed delay frame number of relay station RS for data; K is the HARQ feedback delay frame number of system definition for data, can provide in system broadcast message.
In addition, m also can be specified in giving the resource allocation message of RS by MR-BS.
The concrete processing procedure of the automatic repeat requests HARQ of mixing in the inventive method as generation and the transmission to every frame data, is that prior art is known, therefore repeats no more.
End-to-end HARQ for above-mentioned link data, if transmission data failure, the relay station RS of bust this must report multi-hop relay base station MR-BS with feedback encoding, described multi-hop relay base station MR-BS according to coding can learn bust this occur in which jump and scheduling resource for re-transmission.
Feedback for data retransmission in this link, if this re-transmission occurs in the downstream of certain relay station RS, the feedback that will transmit this retransmission data because need not to retransmit these data arrives multi-hop relay base station MR-BS, and this moment, relay station RS can initiatively not calculate the moment of transmitting this feedback.Therefore multi-hop relay base station MR-BS must be notified relay station RS to calculate the moment of this forwarding feedback or directly tell this relay station RS to transmit accordingly constantly.
For the feedback of downstream links data, described relay station RS will transmit this feedback and arrive described multi-hop relay base station MR-BS, but because relay station RS can not receive these data, so relay station RS can initiatively not calculate the moment of the feedback of transmitting these data.At this moment, if relay station RS knows the affiliated link of this feedback corresponding data, can calculate according to the indication oneself of described multi-hop relay base station MR-BS and transmit constantly.If described relay station RS does not know the affiliated link of this feedback corresponding data, multi-hop relay base station MR-BS must notify relay station RS to transmit accordingly constantly.
Might take place retransmit to jump for some, some hop channel poor quality for example, described multi-hop relay base station MR-BS can be dispatched in advance and be retransmitted resource to reduce scheduling overhead.Found the Data Receiving failure in case should jump, re-transmission can get started on the interface-free resources of scheduling in advance, and need not wait for the interface-free resources that the multi-hop relay base station MR-BS arrangement is new.The HARQ data only just can pass to next link after previous link transmission success, the scheduling of resource order of each link is also determined by multi-hop relay base station MR-BS.
In following preferred embodiment of the present invention, be convenient narration, suppose relay station RS is frames for the fixed delay of data, and the HARQ feedback delay of data is frames, and retransmission delay also is a frame.
As shown in Figure 1, it is example that the network configuration of various embodiments of the present invention is all jumped with four, and the data of multi-hop relay base station MR-BS are by relay station RS1, and RS2, RS3 are relayed to mobile station MS successively.
Wherein, embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 2, in this embodiment 1, data path is divided into two-hop link.Described multi-hop relay base station MR-BS is first link to the second relay station RS2, is second link from the second relay station RS2 to mobile station MS.
For the end-to-end HARQ of this link data, for example the first relay station RS1 receives data at first frame, tries to achieve m=2 by formula (1), should feed back at the 3rd frame.Occur in the jumping of the first relay station RS1 if retransmit to the second relay station RS2, the feedback that will transmit this retransmission data because the first relay station RS1 need not to retransmit these data arrives described multi-hop relay base station MR-BS, and this moment, the described first relay station RS1 can initiatively not calculate the moment of transmitting this feedback.Therefore described multi-hop relay base station MR-BS must be notified the described first relay station RS1 to calculate the moment of this forwarding feedback or directly tell RS1 to transmit accordingly constantly.
End-to-end HARQ for this link data, for example described first relay station RS1 transmission data failure, the described first relay station RS1 must report multi-hop relay base station MR-BS with feedback encoding, this multi-hop relay base station MR-BS according to coding can learn bust this occur in the described first relay station RS1 to the second relay station RS2 one jump and scheduling resource for re-transmission.
Feedback for the downstream links data, for example the first relay station RS1 will transmit the feedback arrival multi-hop relay base station MR-BS of mobile station MS, but because the first relay station RS1 can not receive these data, therefore the described first relay station RS1 can initiatively not calculate the moment of the feedback of transmitting these data.At this moment, if the first relay station RS1 knows this feedback from mobile station MS, can calculate according to the indication oneself of described multi-hop relay base station MR-BS and transmit constantly.If this first relay station RS1 does not know the affiliated link of this feedback corresponding data, described multi-hop relay base station MR-BS must notify the described first relay station RS1 to transmit accordingly constantly.
Further, for the jumping of the 3rd relay station RS3 to mobile station MS, multi-hop relay base station MR-BS can be dispatched in advance and be retransmitted resource to reduce scheduling overhead.Found the Data Receiving failure in case should jump, re-transmission can get started on the interface-free resources of scheduling in advance, and need not wait for the new interface-free resources of described multi-hop relay base station MR-BS arrangement.
From Fig. 2 as seen, the HARQ data only just can pass to next link after previous link transmission success.The scheduling of resource order of each link is also by described multi-hop relay base station MR-BS decision.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 3, in embodiment 2, data path is divided into two-hop link, and multi-hop relay base station MR-BS to the three relay station RS3 are first links, and the 3rd relay station RS3 is second link to mobile station MS.
For the end-to-end HARQ of this link data, for example the first relay station RS1 receives data at first frame, tries to achieve m=2 by formula (1), should feed back at the 3rd frame.Occur in the jumping of the first relay station RS1 if retransmit to the second relay station RS2, the feedback that will transmit this retransmission data because the first relay station RS1 need not to retransmit these data arrives multi-hop relay base station MR-BS, and this moment, the first relay station RS1 can initiatively not calculate the moment of transmitting this feedback.Therefore multi-hop relay base station MR-BS must be notified the first relay station RS1 to calculate the moment of this forwarding feedback or directly tell this first relay station RS1 to transmit accordingly constantly.
End-to-end HARQ for this link data, for example the first relay station RS1 transmits data failure, the first relay station RS1 must report multi-hop relay base station MR-BS with feedback encoding, this multi-hop relay base station MR-BS according to coding can learn bust this occur in the first relay station RS1 to the second relay station RS2 one jump and scheduling resource for re-transmission.
Feedback for the downstream links data, for example the first relay station RS1 will transmit the feedback arrival multi-hop relay base station MR-BS of mobile station MS, but because the first relay station RS1 can not receive these data, therefore the first relay station RS1 can initiatively not calculate the moment of the feedback of transmitting these data.At this moment, if the first relay station RS1 knows this feedback from mobile station MS, can calculate according to the indication oneself of described multi-hop relay base station MR-BS and transmit constantly.If the first relay station RS1 does not know the affiliated link of this feedback corresponding data, described multi-hop relay base station MR-BS must notify the first relay station RS1 to transmit accordingly constantly.
From Fig. 3 as seen, the HARQ data only just can pass to next link after previous link transmission success, and the scheduling of resource order of each link is also determined by multi-hop relay base station MR-BS.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in Figure 4, in embodiment 3, data path is divided into two-hop link, and wherein multi-hop relay base station MR-BS is first link to the first relay station RS1, and the first relay station RS1 is second link to mobile station MS.
For the end-to-end HARQ of this link data, for example the second relay station RS2 receives data at the 4th frame, tries to achieve m=5 by formula (1), should feed back at the 9th frame.Occur in the jumping of the 3rd relay station RS3 if retransmit to mobile station MS, the feedback that will transmit this retransmission data because the second relay station RS2 need not to retransmit these data arrives multi-hop relay base station MR-BS, and this moment, the 3rd relay station RS3 can initiatively not calculate the moment of transmitting this feedback.Therefore described multi-hop relay base station MR-BS must be notified the 3rd relay station RS3 to calculate the moment of this forwarding feedback or directly tell the 3rd relay station RS3 to transmit accordingly constantly.
End-to-end HARQ for this link data, for example the 3rd relay station RS3 transmits data failure, described the 3rd relay station RS3 must report feedback encoding described multi-hop relay base station MR-BS, described multi-hop relay base station MR-BS according to coding can learn bust this occur in the 3rd relay station RS3 to described mobile station MS one jump and scheduling resource for re-transmission.
From Fig. 4 as seen, the HARQ data only just can pass to next link after previous link transmission success, and the scheduling of resource order of each link is also determined by multi-hop relay base station MR-BS.
Embodiment 4:
As shown in Figure 5, in embodiment 4, data path is divided into three and jumps link, and described multi-hop relay base station MR-BS is first link to the first relay station RS1, the described first relay station RS1 to the, three relay station RS3 are second links, and the 3rd relay station RS3 is the 3rd link to mobile station MS.
For the end-to-end HARQ of this link data, for example the second relay station RS2 receives data at the 4th frame, tries to achieve m=3 by formula (1), should feed back at the 7th frame.If retransmit a jumping that occurs in the second relay station RS2 to the, three relay station RS3, the feedback that will transmit this retransmission data because the first relay station RS1 need not to retransmit these data arrives multi-hop relay base station MR-BS, and this moment, the first relay station RS1 can initiatively not calculate the moment of transmitting this feedback.Therefore described multi-hop relay base station MR-BS must be notified the described first relay station RS1 to calculate the moment of this forwarding feedback or directly tell this first relay station RS1 to transmit accordingly constantly.
End-to-end HARQ for this link data, for example the second relay station RS2 transmits data failure, this second relay station RS2 must report multi-hop relay base station MR-BS with feedback encoding, described multi-hop relay base station MR-BS can learn according to coding that bust this occurs in that the second relay station RS2 to the, three relay station RS3 one jump and scheduling resource for re-transmission.
Feedback for the downstream links data, for example the first relay station RS1 will transmit the feedback arrival multi-hop relay base station MR-BS of mobile station MS, but because the first relay station RS1 can not receive these data, therefore the first relay station RS1 can initiatively not calculate the moment of the feedback of transmitting these data.At this moment, if the first relay station RS1 knows this feedback from mobile station MS, can calculate according to the indication oneself of described multi-hop relay base station MR-BS and transmit constantly.If this first relay station RS1 does not know the affiliated link of this feedback corresponding data, described multi-hop relay base station MR-BS must notify this first relay station RS1 to transmit accordingly constantly.
From Fig. 5 as seen, the HARQ data only just can pass to next link after previous link transmission success, and the scheduling of resource order of each link is also determined by multi-hop relay base station MR-BS.
If the described communication system of the inventive method is the WiMAX system, described feedback encoding mode can be as shown in Figure 6.Different feedback encodings is by corresponding piece (tile) combination expression.Feedback encoding D0 represents that tunnel packet sends successfully, and each relaying receives that not adding change behind the feedback encoding D0 uploads D0 up to multi-hop relay base station MR-BS.If jump data transmission fails at x, this relay station RSx that takeoffs a little will upload feedback encoding D1, receive that next relay station RS (x-1) of feedback encoding D1 adds one with coding, upload feedback encoding D2.So circulation, multi-hop relay base station MR-BS are received that the feedback that is encoded to feedback encoding Dx is just known to jump at x and need be rearranged resource and send data.
If the described communication system of the inventive method is the WiMAX system, notice relay station RS calculates feedback delay can two kinds of methods:
Method one is to utilize empty data-triggered, and Fig. 7 has defined empty HARQ burst, and Fig. 8 has decided empty HARQ burst format.
So-called empty data refer to the data of not transmitting data.For each embodiment of the inventive method, empty data are exactly an empty burst.The relay station RS that receives these sky data only can begin to calculate time-delay according to formula (1) for the feedback of transmitting these sky data.
Method two is directly to notify relay station RS to transmit the required time delay of feedback, defined the notification mode of delay of feedback as Fig. 9, Figure 10 has defined the Notification Format of delay of feedback, at the relay station RS that receives this notice will be that respective feedback is waited for the corresponding time according to delayed data in notifying, and then directly transmit and specify the feedback that connects.
At last, with finishing an average frame number that burst transfer consumed various HARQ modes are done a comparison.In comparison, except the supposition of front, also hypothesis retransmit the burst number of times without limits and every jumping probability of failure equate that and embodiment 1 does not adopt pre-scheduling.As shown in table 1, for end-to-end and every jumping feedback, three chains are all less to the average frame number that chain HARQ embodiment consumes, and obtained higher efficiency of transmission.
Data mean consumption frame number of the various HARQ method transmission of table 1.
HARQ method/every jumping probability of failure | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | On average |
Every jumping feedback | 48.9 | 40.1 | 33.2 | 28.3 | 25.3 | 35.1 |
End-to-end | 55.9 | 40.9 | 29.6 | 21.1 | 15.5 | 32.6 |
|
44.3 | 31.6 | 24.3 | 18.1 | 14.1 | 26.4 |
Embodiment 2 | 44.4 | 35.3 | 28.1 | 22.9 | 19.4 | 30.0 |
Embodiment 3 | 41.8 | 29.3 | 19.4 | 12.7 | 8.1 | 22.2 |
Should be understood that; above-mentioned description at each preferred embodiment of the present invention is comparatively detailed; can not therefore think restriction to scope of patent protection of the present invention; for a person skilled in the art; the present invention can have various changes and variation; all any modifications of being done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the protection range of claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of junction network descending link-to-link mixes the method for automatic repeat requests, and it may further comprise the steps:
Multi-hop relay base station is divided into several links to the communication path between the travelling carriage, in each link, comprises some jumpings;
Link inner each jump and adopt the automatic repeat requests of end-to-end mixing, the automatic repeat requests data of described mixing only after previous link transmission success just to next link transmission.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described link dividing mode is specified by described multi-hop relay base station, or reports described multi-hop relay base station after being decided in its sole discretion by each relay station.
3, method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the scheduling of resource of described each link internal transmission and feedback is determined by described multi-hop relay base station.
4, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the automatic repeat requests of end-to-end mixing for a certain link data is handled according to following process: certain relay station is received data at the i frame, i is the counting natural number, Ying Zaidi i+m frame is to this data upload feedback, and m is calculated by multi-hop relay base station notice relay station or m is specified in resource allocation message by multi-hop relay base station.
5, method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in the automatic request retransmission process of the end-to-end mixing of described link data, when the transmission data failure, the relay station of bust this reports described multi-hop relay base station with feedback encoding; Described multi-hop relay base station according to this feedback encoding learn bust this occur in which jump and scheduling resource for re-transmission.
6, method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, in the automatic request retransmission process of the end-to-end mixing of described link data, if initial data transfer or re-transmission occur in the downstream of a certain link, described multi-hop relay base station notifies described link trunking station to calculate the moment of the feedback of transmitting described initial data transfer or data retransmission, perhaps directly tells described relay station to transmit the moment of described feedback.
7, method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, for the feedback of the described data of downstream links, described relay station must be transmitted described feedback and arrive described multi-hop relay base station.
8, method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, jumps for taking place to retransmit, and described multi-hop relay base station is dispatched the re-transmission resource in advance, and this is jumped and finds the Data Receiving failure, retransmits on the interface-free resources of scheduling in advance to get started.
9, method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the order of described each link circuit resource scheduling is determined by described multi-hop relay base station.
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