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List of figures

Fig. 1.1   Map of Iquique and Alto Hospicio

Fig. 1.2   Detailed map of Iquique and Alto Hospicio

Fig. 1.3   A view of Alto Hospicio from a hill in the central eastern part of the city

Fig. 1.4   A self-constructed home in a toma neighbourhood

Fig. 1.5   ‘Alto Hospicio occupies last place in ranking of quality of life in cities’

Fig. 1.6   Map of territory changes as a result of the War of the Pacific

Fig. 1.7   Iquique’s Municipal Theatre, decorated for Fiestas Patrias

Fig. 1.8   Billboard advertisement in central Iquique for Zofri Tommy Hilfiger shop

Fig. 1.9   Graffiti reading ‘Cholos fuera! Bolis, pata raja! Monos culiao

Fig. 1.10Women’s clothing styles for sale in Alto Hospicio’s Agro market

Fig. 1.11A barber’s shop display of possible hairstyles

Fig. 2.1   A small internet access shop in Alto Hospicio

Fig. 3.1   Typical selfie of a young Hospiceño

Fig. 3.2   Typical selfie of a young Hospiceña

Fig. 3.3   Two young Hospiceños take a selfie with silly faces

Fig. 3.4   ‘Footie’

Fig. 3.5   ‘Footie’

Fig. 3.6   Work photograph

Fig. 3.7   Work photograph

Fig. 3.8   ‘Waiting in line to pay my bill’

Fig. 3.9   Photograph of food

Fig. 3.10Photograph of food

Fig. 3.11Photograph of friends

Fig. 3.12Photograph of leisure

Fig. 3.13Instagram photograph from a user in Santiago

Fig. 3.14Instagram photograph from a user in Santiago

Fig. 3.15Instragram photograph of ‘mundane’ item

Fig. 3.16Instagram photograph of ‘mundane’ item

Fig. 3.17Meme featuring Tony Stark, Iron Man character

Fig. 3.18Meme depicting sperm racing for an egg

Fig. 3.19Rana René meme

Fig. 3.20Rana René meme

Fig. 3.21Rana René meme

Fig. 3.22‘Expected vs. Reality’ style meme

Fig. 3.23A Toddy advertisement modelled after the ‘Expected vs. Reality’-style memes

Fig. 3.24Meme depicting a tombstone inscribed with ‘Here rests my desire to study’

Fig. 4.1   Cartoon meme depicting the stereotype of flaites in Alto Hospicio

Fig. 4.2   Motherly love meme

Fig. 4.3   Photograph of pregnancy

Fig. 4.4   Photograph of pregnancy

Fig. 4.5   New baby meme

Fig. 4.6   The picture of rings that Nicole and Martin posted on their Facebook pages

Fig. 4.7   Cartoon wedding meme: ‘I now declare you husband and wife. You may update your Facebook statuses.’

Fig. 4.8   A photo collage that Nicole shared featuring herself and Martin

Fig. 4.9   Meme shared among female friends

Fig. 5.1   Meme depicting identification with work

Fig. 5.2   Meme depicting frustration with work

Fig. 5.3   Photographs from the mine

Fig. 5.4   Photograph from the mine

Fig. 5.5   Photograph from the mine

Fig. 5.6   Photograph from the mine

Fig. 5.7   Titanic’ meme

Fig. 5.8   Meme: ‘Titanic, and an unforeseen problem’

Fig. 5.9   A sushi advertisement

Fig. 5.10Photographs of party decorations

Fig. 5.11Instagram of shopping trolley

Fig. 5.12Photographs of community activities

Fig. 5.13Photograph of work or modification on vehicle

Fig. 5.14Photograph of work or modification on vehicle

Fig. 5.15Meme depicting gender assumptions

Fig. 5.16Meme depicting gender assumptions

Fig. 5.17Meme about pent-up sexual energy after a week at the mine

Fig. 5.18Meme depicting sexuality

Fig. 6.1   Earthquake Instagram

Fig. 6.2   Political graffiti

Fig. 6.3   Meme depicting presidential candidates corresponding to popular soda brand

Fig. 6.4   Meme depicting 2013 presidential candidates

Fig. 6.5   Meme calling for participation in an event commemorating the Santa Maria School Massacre

Fig. 6.6   Photographs of community activities

Fig. 6.7   Meme depicting distance from Santiago

Fig. 6.8   Meme giving ‘Ten reasons that confirm that Jesus was Chilean’

Fig. 6.9   Meme depicting Chilean language conventions

Fig. 6.10Map of maritime territory

Fig. 6.11Meme about maritime border

Fig. 6.12Meme about class

Fig. 7.1   Meme about hipsters

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