Templat:Citation/doc
![]() | Ini ialah sublaman pendokumenan untuk Templat:Citation. Ia mempunyai maklumat penggunaan, kategori dan kandungan lain yang bukan sebahagian daripada laman templat templat laman. |
![]() | Templat ini menggunakan Lua: |
Untuk templat [petikan diperlukan], sila lihat {{petikan diperlukan}}.
The Citation template generates a citation for a book, periodical, contribution in a collective work, patent, or a web page. It determines the citation type by examining which parameters are used.
If invoked with the right parameters, this template produces output identical to that of the Cite templates, such as {{Cite book}} and {{Cite web}}. The default behavior sometimes differs from that of the Cite templates; for example, this template by default generates anchors for Harvard references whereas the Cite templates do not (although they can be made to do so), and this template by default uses commas to separate some fields that the Cite templates separate with periods (full stops).
The template should be inserted after punctuation, such as a period or comma.
All parameter names are lowercase.
Simple citation
[sunting sumber]This template gives the most commonly used attributes. You can copy the horizontal form or vertical form below and then add in extra attributes from the full list. Spacing and ordering is irrelevant.
{{Citation |last= |first= |year= |title= |publisher= |publication-place= |page= |url= |accessdate= }}
{{Citation | last = | first = | year = | title = | publisher = | publication-place = | page = | url = | accessdate = }} |
- last: The author's surname or last name. Don't use with author.
- first: The author's first or given name(s).
- year: Year of authorship or publication. Mandatory for use with links from Template:Harvard citation, unless
|date=
specifies both month and year. - title: Title of the work. Mandatory for web references.
- publisher: The name of the publisher. Omit terms such as Publishers, Co., Inc., Ltd., etc., but retain the words Books or Press. Not normally included where the publication is a periodical which has its own Wikipedia article (e.g. Newsweek, Billboard).
- publication-place (or place or location): The city of publication. If more than one town/city is listed on the title page, give the first one or the location of the publisher's head office. Omit when the publication is a periodical whose name specifies the location (e.g. The New York Times, The Times of India)
- page: For use when one page is cited. Adds "p." before the page number. Do not use with pages.
- url: An url of an online location where the item can be found. If the url includes double quotes, these must be encoded as "%22".
- accessdate: Date[n 1] when the url was accessed.
Example
[sunting sumber]{{Citation | last = Turner | first = Orsamus | title = History of the pioneer settlement of Phelps and Gorham's purchase, and Morris' reserve | publisher = William Alling | place = Rochester, New York | year = 1851 | id = {{OL|7120924W}} }} |
Turner, Orsamus (1851), History of the pioneer settlement of Phelps and Gorham's purchase, and Morris' reserve, Rochester, New York: William Alling, Templat:OL |
Full citation parameters
[sunting sumber]These can be used for all types of publication except patents. All are optional and indentation is used simply to group related items — these may be mutually exclusive where indicated. Some hyphenated names can also be placed without hyphens.
{{Citation | author = | last = | first = | author2 = | last2 = | first2 = | author-link = | author2-link = | author-separator = | author-name-separator = | author-mask = | display-authors = | coauthors = | editor = | editor-last = | editor-first = | editor2 = | editor2-last = | editor2-first = | editor-link = | editor2-link = | others = | publication-date = | year = | month = | origyear = | title = | chapter = | chapter-url = | contribution = | contribution-url = | type = | journal = | periodical = | newspaper = | magazine = | work = | edition = | series = | volume = | issue = | publisher = | publication-place = | place = | language = | page = | pages = | nopp = | at = | id = | isbn = | issn = | oclc = | pmid = | pmc = | bibcode = | doi = | doi-inactive = | url = | accessdate = | format = | archiveurl = | archivedate = | quote = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | separator = , | postscript = | ref = }} |
Parameters
[sunting sumber]Syntax
[sunting sumber]Templat:Csdoc documentation/syntax
Templat:Csdoc documentation/coins
Templat:Csdoc documentation/sep comma
Deprecated
[sunting sumber]Templat:Csdoc documentation/deprecated
Description
[sunting sumber]Authors
[sunting sumber]Templat:Csdoc documentation/author
Editors
[sunting sumber]Templat:Csdoc documentation/editor
Title
[sunting sumber]Templat:Csdoc documentation/title Templat:Csdoc documentation/chapter Templat:Csdoc documentation/type Templat:Csdoc documentation/language
Date
[sunting sumber]Templat:Csdoc documentation/date
Periodical
[sunting sumber]Templat:Csdoc documentation/journal
Publisher
[sunting sumber]Templat:Csdoc documentation/publisher
Edition, series, volume
[sunting sumber]Templat:Csdoc documentation/edition Templat:Csdoc documentation/series Templat:Csdoc documentation/volume
In-source locations
[sunting sumber]Templat:Csdoc documentation/pages
URL
[sunting sumber]Templat:Csdoc documentation/url
Anchor
[sunting sumber]Templat:Csdoc documentation/ref2
Identifiers
[sunting sumber]Templat:Csdoc documentation/id1 Templat:Csdoc documentation/id2
Quote
[sunting sumber]Templat:Csdoc documentation/quote
Laysummary
[sunting sumber]Templat:Csdoc documentation/lay
Display options
[sunting sumber]Templat:Csdoc documentation/display
Examples
[sunting sumber]Books
[sunting sumber]Three authors, a volume, and an edition. Ampersand (&) forced before final author's name. | {{Citation | last1 = Lincoln | first1 = A. | last2 = Washington | first2 = G. | last3 = Adams | first3 = J. | lastauthoramp = yes | title = All the Presidents' Names | publisher = The Pentagon | place = Home Base, New York | volume = XII | edition = 2nd | year = 2007 }} |
Lincoln, A.; Washington, G.; Adams, J. (2007), All the Presidents' Names, XII (ed. 2nd), Home Base, New York: The Pentagon Unknown parameter |lastauthoramp= ignored (bantuan)
|
Web
[sunting sumber]Web page | {{Citation | url = http://nrhp.focus.nps.gov | title = NPS Focus | work = National Register of Historic Places | publisher = [[National Park Service]] | accessdate = November 30, 2010 }} |
"NPS Focus", National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service, dicapai pada November 30, 2010 |
Archived page | {{Citation | url = http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/ academy/space/atmosphere.html | title = Earth's Atmosphere | accessdate = October 25, 2007 | publisher = [[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] | year = 1995 | author = NASA | archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071013232332/ http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/academy/space/atmosphere.html | archivedate = October 13, 2007 }} |
NASA (1995), Earth's Atmosphere, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada October 13, 2007, dicapai pada October 25, 2007 |
Journals, newspapers, magazines, or other periodicals
[sunting sumber]Journal article | {{Citation | last = Hill | first = Marvin S. | title = Joseph Smith and the 1826 Trial: New Evidence and New Difficulties | journal = BYU Studies | volume = 12 | issue = 2 | year = 1976 | pages = 1–8 | url = https://byustudies.byu.edu/ shop/PDFSRC/12.2Hill.pdf }} |
Hill, Marvin S. (1976), "Joseph Smith and the 1826 Trial: New Evidence and New Difficulties" (PDF), BYU Studies, 12 (2): 1–8 |
Journal article with multiple authors and identifier | {{Citation | last1 = Mandelkern | first1 = M, | last2 = Elias | first2 = J, | last3 = Eden | first3 = D, | last4 = Crothers | first4 = D | display-authors = 2 | title = The dimensions of DNA in solution | journal = J Mol Biol | volume = 152 | issue = 1 | pages = 153–61 | year = 1981 | pmid = 7338906 | doi = 10.1016/0022-2836(81)90099-1 }} |
Mandelkern, M,; Elias, J,; dll. (1981), "The dimensions of DNA in solution", J Mol Biol, 152 (1): 153–61, doi:10.1016/0022-2836(81)90099-1, PMID 7338906CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) |
Newspaper article | {{Citation | last = Smith | first = Joseph III | author-link = Joseph Smith III | title = Last Testimony of Sister Emma | newspaper = The Saints' Herald | publication-place = Plano, IL | volume = 26 | issue = 19 | date = October 1, 1879 | year = 1879 | month = October | page = 289 | url = http://www.sidneyrigdon.com/ dbroadhu/IL/sain1872.htm#100179 }} |
Smith, Joseph III (October 1, 1879), "Last Testimony of Sister Emma", The Saints' Herald, Plano, IL, 26 (19), m/s. 289 Unknown parameter |month= ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
|
Conference paper | {{Citation | last = Sullivan | first = D.B. | contribution = Time and frequency measurement at NIST: The first 100 years | year = 2001 | title = 2001 IEEE Int'l Frequency Control Symp. | publisher = National Institute of Standards and Technology | url = http://tf.nist.gov/timefreq/ general/pdf/1485.pdf | format = PDF }} |
Sullivan, D.B. (2001), "Time and frequency measurement at NIST: The first 100 years", 2001 IEEE Int'l Frequency Control Symp. (PDF), National Institute of Standards and Technology |
Parts of books, including encyclopedia articles
[sunting sumber]Manuscript published in an edited compilation | {{Citation | last = Bidamon | first = Emma Smith | author-link = Emma Hale Smith | chapter = Letter to Emma S. Pilgrim | date = March 27, 1876 | year = 1876 | editor-last = Vogel | editor-first = Dan | title = Early Mormon Documents | volume = 1 | publisher = Signature Books | publication-date = 1996 | isbn = 1–56085–072–8 }} |
Bidamon, Emma Smith (March 27, 1876), "Letter to Emma S. Pilgrim", dalam Vogel, Dan (penyunting), Early Mormon Documents, 1, Signature Books (diterbitkan 1996), ISBN 1–56085–072–8 Check |isbn= value: invalid character (bantuan)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
|
Work with an editor but no author | {{Citation | editor-last = Vogel | editor-first = Dan | title = Early Mormon Documents | volume = 1 | publisher = Signature Books | publication-date = 1996 | isbn = 1–56085–072–8 }} |
Vogel, Dan, penyunting (1996), Early Mormon Documents, 1, Signature Books, ISBN 1–56085–072–8 Check |isbn= value: invalid character (bantuan)
|
Encyclopedia article by a named author | {{Citation | last = Kramer | first = Martin | author-link = Martin Kramer | contribution = Bernard Lewis | editor-last = Boyd | editor-first = Kelley | title = Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing | volume = 1 | pages = 719–720 | publisher = Fitzroy Dearborn | place = London | publication-date = 1999 | contribution-url = http:// www.geocities.com/martinkramerorg/ BernardLewis.htm }} |
Kramer, Martin (1999), "Bernard Lewis", dalam Boyd, Kelley (penyunting), Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing, 1, London: Fitzroy Dearborn, m/s. 719–720 |
Encyclopedia article with no named author | {{Citation | contribution = Bernard Lewis | editor-last = Boyd | editor-first = Kelley | title = Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing | volume = 1 | pages = 719–720 | publisher = Fitzroy Dearborn | place = London | year = 1999 | contribution-url = http:// www.geocities.com/martinkramerorg/ BernardLewis.htm }} |
Boyd, Kelley, penyunting (1999), "Bernard Lewis", Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing, 1, London: Fitzroy Dearborn, m/s. 719–720 |
Republications, or edited quotations in a periodical article
[sunting sumber]Manuscript edited and published in a journal | {{Citation | last = Knight | first = Joseph, Sr. | year = 1833 | editor-last = Jessee | editor-first = Dean | title = Joseph Knight's Recollection of Early Mormon History | journal = BYU Studies | volume = 17 | issue = 1 | publication-date = 1976 | page = 35 | url = https://byustudies.byu.edu/ shop/PDFSRC/17.1Jessee.pdf }} |
Knight, Joseph, Sr. (1833), Jessee, Dean (penyunting), "Joseph Knight's Recollection of Early Mormon History" (PDF), BYU Studies (diterbitkan 1976), 17 (1): 35 |
Manuscript written at one date and place, then published in a periodical at a different date and place with commentary by the editor. | {{Citation | last = Klingensmith | first = Philip | contribution = Affidavit | year = 1872 | date = September 5, 1872 | place = Lincoln County, Nevada | title = Mountain Meadows Massacre | editor-last = Toohy | editor-first = Dennis J. | journal = Corinne Daily Reporter | publication-date = September 24, 1872 | publication-place = Corinne, Utah | volume = 5 | issue = 252 | page = 1 | contribution-url = http:// udn.lib.utah.edu/u?/corinne,5359 }} |
Klingensmith, Philip (September 5, 1872), ditulis pada Lincoln County, Nevada, Toohy, Dennis J. (penyunting), "Mountain Meadows Massacre", Corinne Daily Reporter, Corinne, Utah (diterbitkan September 24, 1872), 5 (252): 1 |contribution= ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
|
Press release
[sunting sumber]Press release with quotation | {{Citation | url = http://www.apple.com/pr/ library/2010/04/05ipad.html | title = Apple Sells Over 300,000 iPads First Day | publisher = Apple Inc | accessdate = April 10, 2010 | quote = in the US as of midnight Saturday, April 3}} |
Apple Sells Over 300,000 iPads First Day, Apple Inc, dicapai pada April 10, 2010, in the US as of midnight Saturday, April 3 |
Citing patents
[sunting sumber]Parameters (all are optional)
[sunting sumber]{{Citation | inventor-last = | inventor-first = | inventorlink = | inventor2-last = | inventor2-first = | inventorlink2 = | publication-date = | issue-date = | title = | country-code = | description = | patent-number = | ref = }} |
|
Examples
[sunting sumber]United States patent with multiple inventors | {{Citation | inventor1-last = Degermark | inventor1-first = Mikael | inventor2-last = Brodnik | inventor2-first = Andrej | inventor3-last = Carlsson | inventor3-first = Svante | inventor4-last = Pink | inventor4-first = Stephen | title = Fast routing lookup system using complete prefix tree, bit vector, and pointers in a routing table for determining where to route IP datagrams | issue-date = 2001 | patent-number = 6266706 | country-code = US}} |
US 6266706, Degermark, Mikael; Andrej Brodnik & Svante Carlsson et al., "Fast routing lookup system using complete prefix tree, bit vector, and pointers in a routing table for determining where to route IP datagrams", issued 2001 |
Anchored citations
[sunting sumber]This template can generate a citation that can be combined with shortened footnotes or parenthetical referencing. It does this by creating an HTML anchor containing an ID. The special parameter |ref=harv
generates an ID suitable for Harvard referencing templates such as {{harv}} as specified in the next section; this is the default for the {{citation}} template. If an empty |ref=
is given, no anchor is generated; this is the default for the Cite templates such as {{cite book}} and {{cite news}}. You can also specify the ID directly, using the |ref=ID
parameter. For example, suppose an article's References section contains the markup:
{{Citation |author=Sigmund Freud |title=Civilization and Its Discontents |year=1930 |ref=CivDis}}
which generates the citation:
- Sigmund Freud (1930), Civilization and Its Discontents
Then, the markup "([[#CivDis|Freud 1930]])
" generates a parenthetical reference "(Freud 1930)" containing a wikilink to the citation (try clicking on the wikilink).
Anchors for Harvard referencing templates
[sunting sumber]IDs compatible with Harvard referencing templates such as {{harv}} are computed from the last names of the authors and the year of the cited source. For example, the markup "{{harv|Wright|Evans|1851|p=ix}}
" generates the Harvard reference "(Wright & Evans 1851, p. ix)", which wikilinks to the citation whose markup and appearance are shown below:
{{Citation |last1=Wright |first1=Thomas |last2=Evans |first2=R. H. |title=Historical and Descriptive Account of the Caricatures of James Gillray |location=London |publisher=Henry G. Bohn |year=1851 |oclc=59510372}}
- Wright, Thomas; Evans, R. H. (1851), Historical and Descriptive Account of the Caricatures of James Gillray, London: Henry G. Bohn, OCLC 59510372
In this example the {{citation}} template defines, and the {{harv}} template uses, the HTML ID "CITEREFWrightEvans1851
", composed by concatenating the string "CITEREF
" with the last names of the authors and the year. The {{harvid}} template can be used to generate such IDs, for example, {{harvid|Wright|Evans|1851}}
generates "CITEREFWrightEvans1851
".
Related methods which leave only a number in the text are to use the {{harvnb}} template enclosed in the <ref></ref> html code, or to use the {{sfn}} template alone. The example above would be <ref>{{harvnb|Wright|Evans|1851|p=ix}}</ref>
or {{sfn|Wright|Evans|1851|p=ix}}
both of which generate a footnote, such as
- 17. Wright & Evans 1851, halaman ix
The names of only the first four authors are used; other author names are not concatenated to the ID. If no author names are given, editor names are used instead. For patents, inventor names are used instead of authors or editors. If these names are not given, this template does not generate an anchor.
Last names are used, as specified by the parameters |last1=
(or |last=
), |last2=
, |last3=
, and |last4=
, and similarly for |editor1-last=
etc. and for |inventor1-last=
etc. If a full name is given but no last name is specified, this template falls back on the full name, but this usage is not recommended. For example, in "{{Citation | author = Sigmund Freud | title = The Ego and the Id | year = 1923}}
" no last name is given, so this citation cannot be combined with the Harvard reference "{{harv|Freud|1923}}
". To make these {{citation}} and {{harv}} invocations compatible, either replace "|author=Sigmund Freud
" with "|first=Sigmund
|last=Freud
", or add "|ref={{harvid|Freud|1923}}
" to the {{citation}} invocation, or add the same ref parameter (say, "|ref=EgoId
") to both the {{citation}} and the {{harv}} invocations.
Similarly, the year is used, as specified by |year=
. If no year is given, this template attempts to derive the year from |date=
(or, if no date is given, from |publication-date=
) by applying the MediaWiki#time function. This heuristic works with many common date formats (American, International and ISO standard format YYYY-MM-DD as listed in WP:MOS), but may not work as expected with other formats, so when in doubt it may be safer to use |year=
. Note that if only a year, say 2005, is known you must use |year=2005
rather than |date=2005
.
IDs must be unique
[sunting sumber]Names, years, and hand-specified IDs must be chosen so that the IDs are unique within a page; otherwise the HTML will not conform to the W3C standards, and any references to the citations will not work reliably. For example, suppose a page contains the following two citations with {{harv}}-compatible IDs:
- Montes, G.; Halterman, J. S. (2008a), "Association of Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorders and Loss of Family Income", Pediatrics, 121 (4): e821–6, doi:10.1542/peds.2007-1594, PMID 18381511
- Montes, G.; Halterman, J. S. (2008b), "Child Care Problems and Employment Among Families with Preschool-aged Children with Autism in the United States", Pediatrics, 122 (1): e202–8, doi:10.1542/peds.2007-3037, PMID 18595965
If these citations were altered to say "2008" rather than "2008a" and "2008b", the resulting page would not work, because the two different citations would both attempt to use the ID "CITEREFMontesHalterman2008
". To avoid this problem, distinguish the citations by appending suffixes to the years, e.g., "|year=2008a
" and "|year=2008b
", as was done above. Any Harvard references to these citations should use years with the same suffixes.
It is good practice to verify that a page does not contain duplicate IDs by using the W3C Markup Validation Service; see External links.
Dates
[sunting sumber]- ^
- The format of dates in the references of an article should use a consistent and unambiguous style. Example formats used in Wikipedia citations include:
- 2009
- 2009-09-14 (ISO standard format: YYYY-MM-DD)
- 14 September 2009
- September 14, 2009 (with comma)
- September 2009
- Dates should not be linked in references.
- Please see Wikipedia:Manual of Style (dates and numbers)#Dates for more guidance about formatting dates.
- The format of dates in the references of an article should use a consistent and unambiguous style. Example formats used in Wikipedia citations include:
Tools
[sunting sumber]See Wikipedia:Citing sources#Citation templates and tools for a list of tools that can help create a reference in the "citation" format.
TemplateData
[sunting sumber]![]() | This template data section needs to be edited. It includes deprecated parameters and does not include parameters that were added in the Lua updates. It also includes a mix of patent and non-patent parameters. |
TemplateData untuk Citation
The Citation template generates a citation for a book, periodical, contribution in a collective work, patent, or a web page. It determines the citation type by examining which parameters are used.
Parameter | Keterangan | Jenis | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
2 | 2 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
3 | 3 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author surname | last | surname of the author of the cited material | Rentetan | pilihan |
author given name | first | given name (first name) of the author of the cited material | Rentetan | pilihan |
title of source | title | Title of source; displays in italics. | Rentetan | pilihan |
date of source | date | Full date of source being referenced in the same format as other publication dates in the citations.[1] Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after publisher. | Rentetan | pilihan |
url of source | url | URL of an online location where the text of the publication can be found. | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor-surname | inventor-surname | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor1-surname | inventor1-surname | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor-last | inventor-last | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor1-last | inventor1-last | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor | inventor | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
invent1 | invent1 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
invent-1 | invent-1 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
country-code | country-code | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor2-surname | inventor2-surname | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor2-last | inventor2-last | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor2 | inventor2 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
invent2 | invent2 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor3-surname | inventor3-surname | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor3-last | inventor3-last | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor3 | inventor3 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
invent3 | invent3 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor4-surname | inventor4-surname | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor4-last | inventor4-last | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor4 | inventor4 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
invent4 | invent4 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor-given | inventor-given | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor1-given | inventor1-given | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor-first | inventor-first | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor1-first | inventor1-first | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor2-given | inventor2-given | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor2-first | inventor2-first | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor3-given | inventor3-given | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor3-first | inventor3-first | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor4-given | inventor4-given | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventor4-first | inventor4-first | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventorlink1 | inventorlink1 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventorlink | inventorlink | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventorlink2 | inventorlink2 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventorlink3 | inventorlink3 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
inventorlink4 | inventorlink4 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
country | country | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
publication-number | publication-number | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
patent-number | patent-number | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
number | number | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
description | description | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
status | status | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
publication-date | publication-date | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
pubdate | pubdate | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
issue-date | issue-date | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
gdate | gdate | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
year | year | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
fdate | fdate | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
pridate | pridate | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
assign1 | assign1 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
assign2 | assign2 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
ref | ref | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
separator | separator | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
quote | quote | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
postscript | postscript | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author-separator | author-separator | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author-mask | author-mask | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
authormask | authormask | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
surname | surname | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
last1 | last1 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
surname1 | surname1 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author1 | author1 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author | author | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
authors | authors | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
last2 | last2 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
surname2 | surname2 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author2 | author2 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
last3 | last3 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
surname3 | surname3 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author3 | author3 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
last4 | last4 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
surname4 | surname4 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author4 | author4 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
last5 | last5 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
surname5 | surname5 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author5 | author5 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
last6 | last6 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
surname6 | surname6 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author6 | author6 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
last7 | last7 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
surname7 | surname7 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author7 | author7 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
last8 | last8 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
surname8 | surname8 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author8 | author8 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
last9 | last9 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
surname9 | surname9 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author9 | author9 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
first1 | first1 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
given1 | given1 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
given | given | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
first2 | first2 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
given2 | given2 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
first3 | first3 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
given3 | given3 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
first4 | first4 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
given4 | given4 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
first5 | first5 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
given5 | given5 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
first6 | first6 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
given6 | given6 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
first7 | first7 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
given7 | given7 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
first8 | first8 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
given8 | given8 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
first9 | first9 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
given9 | given9 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author-link | author-link | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author1-link | author1-link | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
authorlink | authorlink | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
authorlink1 | authorlink1 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author2-link | author2-link | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
authorlink2 | authorlink2 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author3-link | author3-link | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
authorlink3 | authorlink3 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author4-link | author4-link | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
authorlink4 | authorlink4 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author5-link | author5-link | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
authorlink5 | authorlink5 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author6-link | author6-link | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
authorlink6 | authorlink6 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author7-link | author7-link | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
authorlink7 | authorlink7 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author8-link | author8-link | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
authorlink8 | authorlink8 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author9-link | author9-link | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
authorlink9 | authorlink9 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
coauthor | coauthor | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
coauthors | coauthors | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
origyear | origyear | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
month | month | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
trans_chapter | trans_chapter | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
trans_title | trans_title | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
type | type | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
archiveurl | archiveurl | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
deadurl | deadurl | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
series | series | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
version | version | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
journal | journal | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
periodical | periodical | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
newspaper | newspaper | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
magazine | magazine | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
work | work | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
volume | volume | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
issue | issue | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
pages | pages | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
page | page | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
at | at | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
nopp | nopp | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
chapter | chapter | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
contribution | contribution | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
chapter-url | chapter-url | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
chapterurl | chapterurl | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
contribution-url | contribution-url | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
chapter-format | chapter-format | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
others | others | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
edition | edition | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
place | place | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
location | location | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
publication-place | publication-place | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
publisher | publisher | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor-last | editor-last | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor-surname | editor-surname | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor1-last | editor1-last | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor1-surname | editor1-surname | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor1 | editor1 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor | editor | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editors | editors | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor2-last | editor2-last | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor2-surname | editor2-surname | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor2 | editor2 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor3-last | editor3-last | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor3-surname | editor3-surname | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor3 | editor3 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor4-last | editor4-last | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor4-surname | editor4-surname | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor4 | editor4 | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor-first | editor-first | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor-given | editor-given | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor1-first | editor1-first | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor1-given | editor1-given | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor2-first | editor2-first | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor2-given | editor2-given | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor3-first | editor3-first | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor3-given | editor3-given | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor4-first | editor4-first | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor4-given | editor4-given | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor-link | editor-link | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor1-link | editor1-link | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor2-link | editor2-link | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor3-link | editor3-link | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
editor4-link | editor4-link | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
language | language | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
in | in | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
format | format | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
arxiv | arxiv | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
asin | asin | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
ASIN | ASIN | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
asin-tld | asin-tld | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
bibcode | bibcode | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
doi | doi | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
DOI | DOI | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
doi_inactivedate | doi_inactivedate | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
doi_brokendate | doi_brokendate | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
isbn | isbn | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
ISBN | ISBN | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
issn | issn | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
ISSN | ISSN | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
jfm | jfm | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
JFM | JFM | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
jstor | jstor | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
JSTOR | JSTOR | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
lccn | lccn | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
LCCN | LCCN | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
mr | mr | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
MR | MR | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
oclc | oclc | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
OCLC | OCLC | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
ol | ol | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
OL | OL | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
osti | osti | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
OSTI | OSTI | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
pmc | pmc | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
PMC | PMC | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
pmid | pmid | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
PMID | PMID | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
rfc | rfc | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
RFC | RFC | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
ssrn | ssrn | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
SSRN | SSRN | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
zbl | zbl | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
id | id | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
ID | ID | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
access-date | access-date | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
accessdate | accessdate | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
laysummary | laysummary | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
laysource | laysource | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
laydate | laydate | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
author-name-separator | author-name-separator | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
lastauthoramp | lastauthoramp | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
display-authors | display-authors | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
archivedate | archivedate | tiada keterangan | Rentetan | pilihan |
translator-first | translator-first | tiada keterangan | Tidak diketahui | pilihan |
translator-last | translator-last | tiada keterangan | Tidak diketahui | pilihan |
translator2-first | translator2-first | tiada keterangan | Tidak diketahui | pilihan |
translator2-last | translator2-last | tiada keterangan | Tidak diketahui | pilihan |
Templat ini menghasilkan COinS metadata; lihat COinS di Wikipedia untuk maklumat latar belakang.
Templat ini menghasilkan COinS metadata; lihat COinS di Wikipedia untuk maklumat latar belakang.